TW201431244A - An input line selector system for battery chargers - Google Patents

An input line selector system for battery chargers Download PDF

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TW201431244A
TW201431244A TW102102759A TW102102759A TW201431244A TW 201431244 A TW201431244 A TW 201431244A TW 102102759 A TW102102759 A TW 102102759A TW 102102759 A TW102102759 A TW 102102759A TW 201431244 A TW201431244 A TW 201431244A
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switch
input power
voltage
power line
input
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TW102102759A
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TWI482392B (en
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Gilbert S Lee
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Alpha & Omega Semiconductor Cayman Ltd
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Abstract

An input line selector system provided to selectively connect one of two input power lines is configured with a single switch provided in series with each of the input power lines, the connection between the switches being made such that it prevents reverse flow of current in the event that the switches are OFF. A smart, simple and precisely operating automatic line selector is provided to control the operation of the two switches. The line selector system configuration is simple and implements only two switches and can be applied to a linear charger or switching charger application with addition of one or two switches respectively, thereby providing a simple, efficient and cost effective system.

Description

用於電池充電器之輸入行選擇器Input line selector for battery charger

本實施例有關於輸入行選擇器。確切地說，本發明是有關於雙路輸入充電器之輸入行選擇器。
This embodiment relates to an input line selector. Specifically, the present invention is an input line selector for a dual input charger.

隨著筆記型電腦、手機等掌上設備越來越普及，對於這些設備電源的需求也越來越大。為了滿足這種需求，這些設備都帶有單獨的***式電源適配器或雙路輸入充電器，用於控制兩種電源（通常是牆式適配器和USB介面）為電池充電。充電器通常在充電的同時，產生系統內使用的調製功率。近年來，已經研發出了多種電池充電器結構。一般來說，充電器系統是一個降壓轉換器，利用較高的輸入源驅動電池等較低的輸入負載。With the increasing popularity of handheld devices such as notebook computers and mobile phones, the demand for power supplies for these devices is increasing. To meet this need, these devices come with a separate plug-in power adapter or dual input charger that controls two power supplies (usually wall adapters and USB interfaces) to charge the battery. The charger typically produces the modulated power used within the system while charging. In recent years, a variety of battery charger structures have been developed. In general, the charger system is a buck converter that uses a higher input source to drive a lower input load such as a battery.

本領域中已知的雙路輸入充電器包括配有電晶體（通常是MOSFET）的負載開關積體電路（IC）。MOSFET通常包括一個內置的寄生二極體，即體二極體，形成在MOSFET的汲極和源極之間。為了接收來自兩個輸入源的功率，雙路輸入充電器利用兩個負載開關IC，每個負載開關IC都在每個輸入電源的接收端。每個負載開關IC都包括兩個nMOSFET串聯在一個源極-汲極-汲極-源極結構中。負載開關IC帶有一個「可用」訊號，打開所需的負載開關IC。如上所述，當負載開關IC與開關或線性充電器一起組合使用時，用於雙路輸入單獨的輸出充電器。開關或線性充電器還包括兩個nMOSFET串聯在一個源極-汲極-汲極-源極結構中。Dual input chargers known in the art include load switch integrated circuits (ICs) equipped with transistors (typically MOSFETs). The MOSFET typically includes a built-in parasitic diode, the body diode, formed between the drain and source of the MOSFET. To receive power from two input sources, the dual input charger utilizes two load switch ICs, each at the receiving end of each input supply. Each load switch IC includes two nMOSFETs connected in series in a source-drain-drain-source structure. The load switch IC has an "available" signal to turn on the required load switch IC. As described above, when the load switch IC is used in combination with a switch or a linear charger, it is used to input a separate output charger. The switch or linear charger also includes two nMOSFETs connected in series in a source-drain-drain-source structure.

因此，帶有單獨輸出的傳統的雙路輸入充電器，至少需要六個或七個nMOSFET才能用於實際功能，這些額外的電路要以一種優化的方式驅動所連接的開關，就會增加成本，使系統變得複雜。Therefore, a conventional dual input charger with a separate output requires at least six or seven nMOSFETs for practical functions. These additional circuits drive the connected switches in an optimized manner, which adds cost. Make the system complicated.

Texas儀器公司的一種產品——BQ24160（雙路輸入開關充電器）利用上述結構，接收來自兩個電源的輸入，提供單獨的輸出。該系統包括一對負載開關，連接到每個輸入電源上。每個負載開關還包括一對nMOSFET開關，在一個源極-汲極-汲極-源極結構中相互連接。負載開關連接到線性或開關充電器上，線性或開關充電器也配有兩個串聯在源極-汲極-汲極-源極結構中的nMOSFET。在一個單獨的輸入線性充電器中，Texas儀器公司的BQ25040產品的結構利用六個nMOSFET開關（一個充電模組中四個開關工作），在一個單獨的轉換線性充電器中，Texas儀器公司的BQ24150產品的結構利用七個nMOSFET開關（一個充電模組中五個開關工作），實現雙路輸入單獨輸出的功能。開關數量以及選取專用負載開關的附加控制訊號的增多，都使系統變得更加複雜。此外，串聯的nMOSFET數量的增多，提高了製造損耗，降低了效率，並且增加了成本。One of Texas Instruments' products, the BQ24160 (Dual Input Switching Charger), uses the above structure to receive inputs from two power supplies, providing a separate output. The system includes a pair of load switches connected to each input power source. Each load switch also includes a pair of nMOSFET switches connected to each other in a source-drain-drain-source configuration. The load switch is connected to a linear or switching charger, and the linear or switching charger is also equipped with two nMOSFETs connected in series in the source-drain-drain-source structure. In a single input linear charger, Texas Instruments' BQ25040 product uses six nMOSFET switches (four switches in one charging module), in a single conversion linear charger, Texas Instruments' BQ24150 The structure of the product utilizes seven nMOSFET switches (five switches in one charging module) to achieve dual input and separate output. The number of switches and the addition of additional control signals to select dedicated load switches complicate the system. In addition, the increased number of nMOSFETs in series increases manufacturing losses, reduces efficiency, and increases cost.

專利號US 7759907B2的專利提出了另一種製備雙路輸入單獨輸出充電器的方法，其中該系統接收來自兩個輸入電源的功率，提供一個源極選擇電路，在兩個電源中邏輯選擇其中一個。源極選擇電路還包括兩個電路，組合絕緣二極體和旁路電晶體，每個電路都與一個輸入電源相連。這些旁路電晶體為p-型電晶體，與上拉電阻器和絕緣二極體一起，選擇一個輸入電源，並將所選的輸入電源連接到輸出端。上述源極選擇電路本身使用了四個旁路電晶體、絕緣二極體以及上拉電阻器。當用於充電時，該電路所含的其他元件增加了傳導損耗，提高了系統的成本。Patent No. 7,759,907 B2 proposes another method of preparing a dual input single output charger, wherein the system receives power from two input sources, provides a source selection circuit, and logically selects one of the two sources. The source selection circuit also includes two circuits, a combined insulating diode and a bypass transistor, each connected to an input power source. These bypass transistors are p-type transistors, together with pull-up resistors and insulated diodes, select an input supply and connect the selected input supply to the output. The source selection circuit itself uses four bypass transistors, an insulating diode, and a pull-up resistor. When used for charging, the other components contained in the circuit increase conduction losses and increase the cost of the system.

因此，有必要提出一種改良型充電電路結構，不僅效率高，而且更加簡潔，使系統的性價比更高。
Therefore, it is necessary to propose an improved charging circuit structure, which is not only efficient but also more compact, so that the system is more cost-effective.

本發明中所用的術語「電流」是指從兩個輸入電源中的任意一個流向輸出端的電流。The term "current" as used in the present invention refers to the current flowing from either of the two input sources to the output.

本發明中所用的術語「節點」是指但不侷限於至少電路交匯處的兩個元件的連接點或重新分配點。The term "node" as used in the present invention means but is not limited to at least the connection point or redistribution point of two elements at the intersection of circuits.

本發明中所用的術語「開關」是指但不侷限於具有至少三個端的電晶體。The term "switch" as used in the present invention means, but is not limited to, a transistor having at least three ends.

本發明中所用的術語「負載」是指系統中所連接的電池或其他所連接的元件。The term "load" as used in this invention refers to a battery or other connected component that is connected to the system.

當以下術語「第一/第四/第七/第十/第十三端」、「第二/第五/第八/第十一/第十四端」以及「第三/第六/第九/第十二/第十五端」與NPN雙極結型電晶體（BJT）一起使用時，分別指發射極、集電極和基極。When the following terms are "first / fourth / seventh / tenth / thirteenth end", "second / fifth / eighth / eleventh / fourteenth end" and "third / sixth / first When used with an NPN bipolar junction transistor (BJT), the nine/twelfth/fifth terminal refers to the emitter, collector, and base, respectively.

當以下術語「第一/第四/第七/第十/第十三端」、「第二/第五/第八/第十一/第十四端」以及「第三/第六/第九/第十二/第十五端」與PNP雙極結型電晶體（BJT）一起使用時，分別指集電極、發射極和基極。When the following terms are "first / fourth / seventh / tenth / thirteenth end", "second / fifth / eighth / eleventh / fourteenth end" and "third / sixth / first When used with a PNP bipolar junction transistor (BJT), the nine/twelfth/fifth terminal refers to the collector, emitter, and base, respectively.

當以下術語「第一/第四/第七/第十/第十三端」、「第二/第五/第八/第十一/第十四端」以及「第三/第六/第九/第十二/第十五端」與N型金屬氧化物半導體場效應電晶體（MOSFET）一起使用時，分別指源極、汲極和閘極。When the following terms are "first / fourth / seventh / tenth / thirteenth end", "second / fifth / eighth / eleventh / fourteenth end" and "third / sixth / first The nine/twelfth/fifth terminal is used together with an N-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) to refer to the source, drain and gate, respectively.

當以下術語「第一/第四/第七/第十/第十三端」、「第二/第五/第八/第十一/第十四端」以及「第三/第六/第九/第十二/第十五端」與P型金屬氧化物半導體場效應電晶體（MOSFET）一起使用時，分別指源極、汲極和閘極。When the following terms are "first / fourth / seventh / tenth / thirteenth end", "second / fifth / eighth / eleventh / fourteenth end" and "third / sixth / first When the Nine/Twelfth/Fifth Terminal is used together with a P-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET), it refers to the source, drain and gate, respectively.

本發明書中所用的術語「低電壓閉鎖能級」是指但不侷限於預設的一個工作電壓能級。The term "low voltage blocking energy level" as used in the present specification means, but is not limited to, a predetermined operating voltage level.

本發明中所用的術語「源極-汲極-汲極-源極」是指兩個相互串聯的nMOSFET，使第一個nMOSFET的汲極連接到第二個nMOSFET的汲極上。The term "source-drain-drain-source" as used in the present invention refers to two nMOSFETs connected in series such that the drain of the first nMOSFET is connected to the drain of the second nMOSFET.

以上定義附加於本領域中的其他發明。The above definitions are attached to other inventions in the art.

本發明的目的是在改善原有技術的一個或多個問題，或者至少提供以下有效的可選手段：It is an object of the present invention to improve one or more of the problems of the prior art, or at least to provide the following effective means:

本發明的一個目的是提供一種與雙路輸入電池充電器有關的高效的輸入行選擇器。It is an object of the present invention to provide an efficient input line selector associated with a dual input battery charger.

本發明的另一目的是簡便控制輸入行選擇器中與雙路輸入電池充電器有關的元件。Another object of the present invention is to easily control the components of the input line selector associated with the dual input battery charger.

本發明的另一目的是提供一種自動的行選擇器，無需外部訊號控制組成選擇器的開關，就能工作。Another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic line selector that operates without the need for an external signal to control the switches that make up the selector.

本發明的另一目的是提供一種與雙路輸入電池充電器有關的輸入行選擇器，其結構中所含的元件數量相對較少。Another object of the present invention is to provide an input line selector associated with a dual input battery charger having a relatively small number of components.

本發明的另一目的是降低雙路輸入電池充電器的傳導損耗。Another object of the invention is to reduce the conduction losses of a dual input battery charger.

本發明的另一目的是提供一種節省成本的雙路輸入電池充電器。Another object of the present invention is to provide a cost effective dual input battery charger.

本發明的另一目的是提供一種小巧的雙路輸入電池充電器。Another object of the present invention is to provide a compact dual input battery charger.

閱讀以下發明，並參照圖式後，本發明的其他目標與優勢將顯而易見，以下發明及圖式並不用於侷限本發明的範圍。Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description of the invention.

依據本發明，提出了一種輸入行選擇器系統，用於選取第一輸入電源線和第二輸入電源線中的其中一個連接到公共節點上，該輸入行選擇器系統包括：According to the present invention, an input line selector system is provided for selecting one of a first input power line and a second input power line to be connected to a common node, the input line selector system comprising:

第一開關用於選取電流從第一輸入電源線流至節點；The first switch is configured to select a current to flow from the first input power line to the node;

第二開關用於選取電流從第二輸入電源線流至節點；The second switch is configured to select a current to flow from the second input power line to the node;

自動行選擇器連接到第一開關和第二開關，自動行選擇器基於預設的選擇邏輯，使第一開關或第二開關在工作結構和非工作結構之間切換，這取決於第一輸入電源線和第二輸入電源線中的至少一個的電壓能級，大於低電壓閉鎖能級的預設值。The automatic row selector is connected to the first switch and the second switch, and the automatic row selector switches the first switch or the second switch between the working structure and the non-working structure based on the preset selection logic, depending on the first input The voltage level of at least one of the power line and the second input power line is greater than a preset value of the low voltage blocking level.

一般來說，依據本發明，第一開關和第二開關為從金屬氧化物半導體場效應電晶體（MOSFET）和雙極結型電晶體（BJT）構成的組中選取的電晶體。Generally, in accordance with the present invention, the first switch and the second switch are transistors selected from the group consisting of metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) and bipolar junction transistors (BJTs).

我們希望，第一開關至少包括第一端、第二端和第三端，第一端連接到第一輸入電源線；第二開關至少包括第四端、第五端和第六端，第四端連接到第二輸入電源線，第二端和第五端連接到節點。We hope that the first switch comprises at least a first end, a second end and a third end, the first end being connected to the first input power line; the second switch comprising at least a fourth end, a fifth end and a sixth end, fourth The end is connected to the second input power line, and the second end and the fifth end are connected to the node.

依據本發明，當第一開關和第二開關為NPN雙極結型電晶體（BJT）時，第一端和第四端為電晶體的發射極，第二端和第五端為集電極，第三端和第六端為基極，構成所述的第一開關和所述的第二開關。According to the present invention, when the first switch and the second switch are NPN bipolar junction transistors (BJT), the first end and the fourth end are emitters of the transistor, and the second end and the fifth end are collectors. The third end and the sixth end are bases, and constitute the first switch and the second switch.

依據本發明，當第一開關和第二開關為PNP雙極結型電晶體（BJT）時，第一端和第四端為電晶體的集電極，第二端和第五端為發射極，第三端和第六端為基極，構成所述的第一開關和所述的第二開關。According to the present invention, when the first switch and the second switch are PNP bipolar junction transistors (BJT), the first end and the fourth end are collectors of the transistor, and the second end and the fifth end are emitters. The third end and the sixth end are bases, and constitute the first switch and the second switch.

依據本發明，當第一開關和第二開關為N型金屬氧化物半導體場效應電晶體（MOSFET）時，第一端和第四端為電晶體的源極，第二端和第五端為汲極，第三端和第六端為閘極，構成所述的第一開關和所述的第二開關。According to the present invention, when the first switch and the second switch are N-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs), the first end and the fourth end are sources of the transistor, and the second end and the fifth end are The drain, the third end and the sixth end are gates, and constitute the first switch and the second switch.

依據本發明，當第一開關和第二開關為P型金屬氧化物半導體場效應電晶體（MOSFET）時，第一端和第四端為電晶體的汲極，第二端和第五端為源極，第三端和第六端為閘極，構成所述的第一開關和所述的第二開關。According to the present invention, when the first switch and the second switch are P-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs), the first end and the fourth end are the drains of the transistors, and the second end and the fifth end are The source, the third end and the sixth end are gates, and the first switch and the second switch are formed.

如上所述，自動行選擇器通常包括：As mentioned above, automatic row selectors typically include:

第一分壓器包括第一對電阻器，用於連接到第一輸入電源線，產生第一感測電壓；The first voltage divider includes a first pair of resistors for connecting to the first input power line to generate a first sensing voltage;

第二分壓器包括第二對電阻器，用於連接到第二輸入電源線，產生第二感測電壓；The second voltage divider includes a second pair of resistors for connecting to the second input power line to generate a second sensing voltage;

比較器用於接收第一感測電壓和第二電壓，並產生輸出訊號；以及a comparator for receiving the first sense voltage and the second voltage and generating an output signal;

驅動器，用於接收輸出訊號，並為第三端或第六端提供預定義電壓。A driver for receiving an output signal and providing a predefined voltage for the third or sixth terminal.

另外，依據本發明，上述行選擇器用於線性充電器，其中線性充電器還包括第三開關，第三開關有效耦合在節點和負載之間，第三開關至少具有第七端、第八端和第九端，第七端連接到負載，第八端連接到節點，第九端耦合到驅動器上。Further, according to the present invention, the above row selector is used for a linear charger, wherein the linear charger further includes a third switch, the third switch is operatively coupled between the node and the load, and the third switch has at least a seventh end, an eighth end, and At the ninth end, the seventh end is connected to the load, the eighth end is connected to the node, and the ninth end is coupled to the drive.

此外，依據本發明，上述行選擇器用於切換充電器，其中切換充電器還包括第四開關和第五開關，第四開關和第五開關有效耦合在節點和負載之間，第四開關具有第十端、第十一端和第十二端，第五開關具有第十三端、第十四端和第十五端，第十端和第十四端連接到切換節點，第十一端連接到節點，第十三端接地，第十二端和第十五端耦合到脈寬調製（PWM）驅動器上。Furthermore, in accordance with the present invention, the row selector is for switching a charger, wherein the switching charger further includes a fourth switch and a fifth switch, the fourth switch and the fifth switch are operatively coupled between the node and the load, and the fourth switch has a a tenth end, a tenth end and a twelfth end, the fifth switch has a thirteenth end, a fourteenth end and a fifteenth end, the tenth end and the fourteenth end are connected to the switching node, and the tenth end is connected To the node, the thirteenth end is grounded, and the twelfth and fifteenth ends are coupled to a pulse width modulation (PWM) driver.

依據本發明，利用至少一個獨立元件、積體電路（IC）以及混合積體電路，可以實現上述系統。According to the present invention, the above system can be realized by at least one independent component, an integrated circuit (IC), and a hybrid integrated circuit.

依據本發明，提出了一種選擇性連接，並將第一輸入電源線或第二輸入電源線的其中一個的電流傳輸至公共節點上之方法，該方法包括以下步驟：According to the present invention, there is provided a method of selectively connecting and transmitting current of one of a first input power line or a second input power line to a common node, the method comprising the steps of:

製備在第一輸入電源線和節點之間，具有第一端、第二端和第三端的第一開關；Forming a first switch having a first end, a second end, and a third end between the first input power line and the node;

將第一端連接到第一輸入電源線，將第二端連接到節點；Connecting the first end to the first input power line and the second end to the node;

製備在第二輸入電源線和節點之間，具有第四端、第五端和第六端的第二開關；Forming a second switch having a fourth end, a fifth end, and a sixth end between the second input power line and the node;

將第四端連接到第二輸入電源線，將第五端連接到節點；Connecting the fourth end to the second input power line and connecting the fifth end to the node;

以預設的選擇邏輯為基礎，根據第一輸入電源線和第二輸入電源線中的至少一個的電壓能級，切換工作結構和非工作結構之間的第一開關或第二開關，大於低電壓閉鎖能級的預設值；Determining, according to a preset selection logic, a first switch or a second switch between the working structure and the non-working structure according to a voltage level of at least one of the first input power line and the second input power line, greater than low The preset value of the voltage blocking energy level;

根據第一輸入電源線，產生第一感測電壓；Generating a first sensing voltage according to the first input power line;

根據第二輸入電源線，產生第二感測電壓；Generating a second sensing voltage according to the second input power line;

比較第一感測電壓和第二感測電壓，並產生輸出訊號；以及Comparing the first sensing voltage and the second sensing voltage and generating an output signal;

以輸出訊號為基礎，驅動第三端或第六端，連接感測電壓較高的第一輸入電源線或第二輸入電源線。Based on the output signal, the third or sixth terminal is driven to connect the first input power line or the second input power line with a higher sensing voltage.

依據本發明，上述方法更包括以下步驟：According to the invention, the above method further comprises the following steps:

製備具有第七端、第八端和第九端的第三開關，在第一輸入電源線和連接負載之間；Preparing a third switch having a seventh end, an eighth end, and a ninth end between the first input power line and the connected load;

將第七端連接到負載；Connect the seventh end to the load;

將第八端連接到節點；Connect the eighth end to the node;

適當驅動第九端，調製負載上的充電電流和充電電壓，Properly drive the ninth terminal to modulate the charging current and charging voltage on the load.

當用於線性充電器時。When used in a linear charger.

依據本發明，上述方法還包括以下步驟：According to the invention, the above method further comprises the following steps:

製備具有第十端、第十一端和第十二端的第四開關，以及具有第十三端、第十四端以及第十五端的第五開關，在節點和開關節點之間；Forming a fourth switch having a tenth end, a tenth end, and a twelfth end, and a fifth switch having a thirteenth end, a fourteenth end, and a fifteenth end, between the node and the switch node;

將第十一端連接到節點；Connect the eleventh end to the node;

將第十三端接地；Grounding the thirteenth end;

將第十端和第十四端連接到負載；以及Connecting the tenth and fourteenth ends to the load;

適當驅動第十二端和第十五端，調製開關節點上的充電電流和充電電壓，Properly driving the twelfth and fifteenth terminals to modulate the charging current and the charging voltage on the switch node,

當用於開關充電器時。When used to switch the charger.

上述方法中所述的預設選擇邏輯，包括以下步驟：The preset selection logic described in the above method includes the following steps:

確定滯後電壓與偏移電壓，使含有滯後電壓的偏移電壓小於第一開關和第二開關的寄生體二極體的正向電壓；以及Determining the hysteresis voltage and the offset voltage such that the offset voltage containing the hysteresis voltage is less than the forward voltage of the parasitic diode of the first switch and the second switch;

從所述的偏移電壓中減去所述的滯後電壓，用於第一感測電壓和第二感測電壓中的至少一個，確定從第一感測電壓和第二感測電壓中選取優先順序高的輸入線。Subtracting the hysteresis voltage from the offset voltage for at least one of the first sensing voltage and the second sensing voltage, determining to select a priority from the first sensing voltage and the second sensing voltage A high order input line.

本發明所述技術的先進性包括實現了：The advancement of the techniques of the present invention includes the realization of:

一種與雙路輸入電池充電器有關的輸入行選擇器，其結構包括相對較少的元件；An input line selector associated with a dual input battery charger, the structure comprising relatively few components;

一種與雙路輸入電池充電器有關的高效輸入行選擇器；An efficient input line selector associated with a dual input battery charger;

一個簡單的控制電路，用於與雙路輸入電池充電器有關的輸入行選擇器中的元件；a simple control circuit for components in the input line selector associated with the dual input battery charger;

一種自動行選擇器，無需任何額外訊號，就可控制開關；An automatic line selector that controls the switch without any additional signals;

降低雙路輸入電池充電器中的導電損耗；Reduce the conduction loss in the dual input battery charger;

一種節省成本的雙路輸入電池充電器；以及A cost effective dual input battery charger;

一種緊湊的雙路輸入電池充電器。
A compact dual input battery charger.

依據本發明，參照圖式，以下將詳細介紹輸入行選擇器及附帶的電池充電器，其中：
第1圖表示傳統的輸入選擇器系統及附帶的電池充電器；
第1a圖表示與第1圖所示傳統的電池充電器有關的線性充電器；
第1b圖表示與第1圖所示傳統的電池充電器有關的開關充電器；
第2a圖表示現有的可選線性充電器；
第2b圖表示現有的可選開關充電器；
第3圖表示依據本發明的一個實施例，一種輸入行選擇器及附帶的電池充電器；
第4圖表示依據本發明的一個實施例，一種電池上用的線性充電器；
第5圖表示依據本發明的一個實施例，一種電池上用的開關充電器；
第6圖表示依據本發明的一個實施例，一種自動行選擇器和閘極驅動器；以及
第7圖表示第6圖所示的自動行選擇器的輸出波形。
相應的參數或標記表示圖式的各個示意圖的對應部分。

In accordance with the present invention, with reference to the drawings, the input line selector and the attached battery charger will be described in detail below, wherein:
Figure 1 shows a conventional input selector system and an attached battery charger;
Figure 1a shows a linear charger associated with the conventional battery charger shown in Figure 1;
Figure 1b shows a switch charger associated with the conventional battery charger shown in Figure 1;
Figure 2a shows an existing optional linear charger;
Figure 2b shows an existing optional switch charger;
Figure 3 shows an input line selector and an attached battery charger in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4 is a diagram showing a linear charger for use in a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 5 is a diagram showing a switch charger for use in a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 shows an automatic line selector and gate driver in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; and Fig. 7 shows an output waveform of the automatic line selector shown in Fig. 6.
Corresponding parameters or indicia indicate corresponding portions of the various schematics of the drawing.

文中所用的術語僅用於說明特定實施例，並不用於侷限。除非特別說明，否則文中所用的單數形式“一個”、“一種”和“那種”也可以包括複數形式。術語“包括”、“包含”和“具有”是包含在內的，因此要具體指明具體的特徵、整體、步驟、操作、成分或零件，但不排除添加一個或多個其他特徵、整體、步驟、操作、成分、零件或元件。除非特別聲明有性能要求，否則文中所述的方法步驟、流程和操作不是必須用於所述性能要求的。The terminology used herein is for the purpose of illustration and description and embodiments The singular forms "a," "," The terms "comprising," "comprising," and "having," are intended , operation, composition, parts or components. The method steps, procedures, and operations described herein are not required for the performance requirements unless specifically stated as a performance requirement.

當一個元件或層被稱為“在……上”、“安裝到”、“連接到”或“耦合到”另一個元件或層上時，是指直接在……上、安裝、連接或耦合到其他元件或層上，或者存在中間元件或層。與之相反，當一個元件被稱為“直接在……上”、“直接安裝到”、“直接連接到”或“直接耦合到”另一個元件或層上時，沒有其他中間元件或層。描述元件之間關係的其他詞語應以一種類似的方式解釋（例如，“之間”與“緊挨著”，“附近”與“緊鄰”等）。文中所用的術語“或”包括一個或多個相關名目的任意和全體組合。When an element or layer is referred to as being "on," "connected to," "connected to," or "coupled to" another element or layer, it is meant to be directly connected, mounted, connected, or coupled. On other components or layers, or there are intermediate components or layers. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on", "directly connected to", "directly connected" or "directly coupled" to another element or layer, there are no other intermediate elements or layers. Other words describing the relationship between elements should be interpreted in a similar manner (eg, "between" and "next", "near" and "adjacent", etc.). The term "or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated.

雖然文中所用的詞語第一、第二、第三等表示各個元件、零件、區域、層或部分，但是這些元件、零件、區域、層或部分不僅限於這些詞語。所用詞語僅用於區分元件、零件、區域、層或部分與另一個區域、層或部分。除非特別聲明，否則文中所用的「第一」、「第二」等詞語及其他數詞並非指一個序列或順序。因此，在不偏離實施例意圖的前提下，下文中的第一元件、零件、區域、層或部分也可以認為是第二元件、零件、區域、層或部分。The words "first, second, third, etc." are used to mean the various elements, parts, regions, layers or portions, but these elements, parts, regions, layers or portions are not limited to these words. The words used are used to distinguish a component, a part, a region, a layer, or a portion with another region, layer or portion. Unless otherwise stated, the words "first", "second" and other words used herein do not refer to a sequence or order. Accordingly, a first element, component, region, layer or portion may be hereinafter referred to as a second element, component, region, layer or portion, without departing from the scope of the embodiments.

鑒於在本發明的實施例中，為了實現一個或多個目的或結果，使用“至少”或“至少一個”是指使用一個或多個元件或成分或數量。In the embodiments of the present invention, the use of "at least" or "at least one of" is used to mean the use of one or more elements or components or quantities.

各種物理參數、尺寸或數量中所涉及的數值僅為近似值，應明確比該數值更高/更低的值分配給參數、尺寸或數量，都在本發明的範圍內，除非在說明中特別指出不屬於這種情況。The values referred to in the various physical parameters, dimensions or quantities are only approximations, and it should be understood that values higher or lower than the values assigned to the parameters, dimensions or quantities are within the scope of the invention unless otherwise indicated in the description. This is not the case.

第1圖表示一種傳統的輸入選擇器系統及附帶的電池充電器。如圖所示，系統100包括兩個負載開關積體電路（IC）及附帶的電池充電器的組合，用於表示雙路輸入單獨輸出充電器。系統100接收來自兩個輸入電源線VBUS1、VBUS2的功率，輸入電源線VBUS1及輸入電源線VBUS2分別連接到第一負載開關IC102和第二負載開關IC104上。第一負載開關IC102包括兩個電晶體的串聯，通常使用nMOSFET，1M1和1M2分別在一個源極-汲極-汲極-源極結構中。與之類似，第二負載開關IC104包括兩個電晶體的串聯，1M3和1M4分別在一個源極-汲極-汲極-源極結構中。每個負載開關IC102、104都與充電器IC106的nMOSFET 1M5和1M6串聯耦合，其中開關1M5和1M6連接在源極-汲極-汲極-源極結構中。nMOSFET 1M7與nMOSFET 1M6共同作為一個調製器，藉由電感器L1及電容器112調製充電電流和充電電壓，輸出到負載上，負載包括系統100的電池108或其他所連接的元件。Figure 1 shows a conventional input selector system and an attached battery charger. As shown, system 100 includes a combination of two load switch integrated circuits (ICs) and an attached battery charger for representing a dual input separate output charger. System 100 receives power from two input power lines VBUS1, VBUS2, and input power line VBUS1 and input power line VBUS2 are coupled to first load switch IC 102 and second load switch IC 104, respectively. The first load switch IC 102 includes a series connection of two transistors, typically using nMOSFETs, 1M1 and 1M2 in a source-drain-drain-source configuration, respectively. Similarly, the second load switch IC 104 includes a series of two transistors, 1M3 and 1M4 in a source-drain-drain-source structure, respectively. Each of the load switch ICs 102, 104 is coupled in series with the nMOSFETs 1M5 and 1M6 of the charger IC 106, wherein the switches 1M5 and 1M6 are connected in a source-drain-drain-source structure. The nMOSFET 1M7 and the nMOSFET 1M6 act together as a modulator to modulate the charging current and the charging voltage by the inductor L1 and the capacitor 112 to be output to the load, which includes the battery 108 of the system 100 or other connected components.

當系統100連接到兩個輸入電源線VBUS1、VBUS2時，使訊號EN1、EN2相應地啟動負載開關IC（102、104）的其中一個，分別接收來自可用輸入電源線VBUS1及輸入電源線VBUS2的其中一個的輸入功率。當合適的負載開關IC（102、104）可用時，所選的負載開關IC（102、104）的nMOSFET的串聯組合會接收到輸入功率。一般而言，如果負載開關的nMOSFET的閘極上的電壓高於nMOSFET的閘極門檻值電壓，在源極和汲極之間會產生導電通道，可用的nMOSFET會開始導電。兩個負載開關IC（102、104）都將輸入電源線VBUS1、VBUS2連接到公共節點Vin上，從而為充電器IC106提供功率。一旦選擇了輸入電源線，nMOSFET 1M5和1M6就會開始導電，其方式與負載開關IC（102、104）的nMOSFET方式類似。nMOSFET 1M7在電感器L1及電容器112的説明下，調製輸入功率，作為一個濾波器，閉鎖交流電流（AC）。然後，在節點Vbat處，為系統100的電池108或其他所連接的元件110提供可用的調製電壓。When the system 100 is connected to the two input power lines VBUS1, VBUS2, the signals EN1, EN2 are enabled to activate one of the load switch ICs (102, 104), respectively, from the available input power line VBUS1 and the input power line VBUS2. One input power. When a suitable load switch IC (102, 104) is available, the series combination of nMOSFETs of the selected load switch IC (102, 104) will receive input power. In general, if the voltage on the gate of the nMOSFET of the load switch is higher than the gate threshold voltage of the nMOSFET, a conductive path will be created between the source and the drain, and the available nMOSFET will begin to conduct. Both load switch ICs (102, 104) connect input power lines VBUS1, VBUS2 to a common node Vin to provide power to the charger IC 106. Once the input supply line is selected, nMOSFETs 1M5 and 1M6 begin to conduct in a manner similar to the nMOSFET mode of the load switch ICs (102, 104). The nMOSFET 1M7 modulates the input power as described in the inductor L1 and the capacitor 112, and blocks the alternating current (AC) as a filter. Then, at node Vbat, the available modulation voltage is provided to battery 108 or other connected component 110 of system 100.

當nMOSFET斷開時，電池108可能會流出反轉電流。串聯nMOSFET的源極-汲極-汲極-源極結構閉鎖了反轉電流，使輸入電源VBUS1及輸入電源線VBUS2分別與節點Vin絕緣，並且使節點Vin、Vbat之間絕緣。然而，多次使用nMOSFET的串聯結構可能會增加導電損耗，從而降低充電器系統的效率。When the nMOSFET is turned off, the battery 108 may flow out of the reverse current. The source-drain-drain-source structure of the series nMOSFET blocks the reverse current, so that the input power supply VBUS1 and the input power supply line VBUS2 are insulated from the node Vin, respectively, and the nodes Vin and Vbat are insulated. However, multiple use of a series structure of nMOSFETs may increase conduction losses, thereby reducing the efficiency of the charger system.

第1圖所示的充電器IC106表示一個線性充電器IC106a及開關充電器IC106b。第1a圖表示與第1圖所示傳統的電池充電器有關的線性充電器。該圖表示線性充電器IC106a包括一個第一開關1M5和一個第二開關1M6，串聯在節點Vin及節點Vbat之間的源極-汲極-汲極-源極的結構中。當正常工作時，第一開關1M5總是處於開啟狀態，第二開關1M6線性調製節點Vbat處的電池電壓。當節點Vin處的輸入電壓降至節點Vbat處的電池電壓以下時，會使所有的開關全部斷開，第一開關1M5閉鎖不必要的反轉電流。The charger IC 106 shown in Fig. 1 shows a linear charger IC 106a and a switch charger IC 106b. Figure 1a shows a linear charger associated with the conventional battery charger shown in Figure 1. The figure shows that the linear charger IC 106a includes a first switch 1M5 and a second switch 1M6 connected in series in the source-drain-drain-source configuration between the node Vin and the node Vbat. When in normal operation, the first switch 1M5 is always in an on state, and the second switch 1M6 linearly modulates the battery voltage at the node Vbat. When the input voltage at the node Vin falls below the battery voltage at the node Vbat, all the switches are turned off, and the first switch 1M5 blocks an unnecessary reverse current.

第1b圖表示與第1圖所示的傳統電池充電器有關的開關充電器IC。開關充電器IC106b含有三個開關，連接在節點Vin及節點Vbat之間。當正常工作時，開關1M5總是開啟的。當節點Vin處的電壓低於節點Vbat處的電池電壓時，開關1M5會閉鎖電流從節點Vbat流至節點Vin，從而使所有的開關都斷開。開關1M6和1M7相應地開啟/斷開，節點Vbat處的輸出電壓由開關1M6和1M7的開啟時間決定。藉由電感器L1和電容器（沒有特指），調製節點Vbat處的輸出電壓。當開關1M6開啟，開關1M7斷開時，能量被儲存在電感器L1中，當開關1M7開啟，開關1M6斷開時，功率被電感器L1傳導到節點Vbat。電感器L1和電容器112作為低通濾波器，提供穩定的直流電壓。從電壓調製的角度來看，充電器的作用就是降壓轉換器。Fig. 1b shows a switching charger IC related to the conventional battery charger shown in Fig. 1. The switch charger IC 106b has three switches connected between the node Vin and the node Vbat. When working normally, switch 1M5 is always on. When the voltage at the node Vin is lower than the battery voltage at the node Vbat, the switch 1M5 will block the current flow from the node Vbat to the node Vin, thereby turning off all the switches. The switches 1M6 and 1M7 are turned on/off accordingly, and the output voltage at the node Vbat is determined by the turn-on times of the switches 1M6 and 1M7. The output voltage at node Vbat is modulated by inductor L1 and capacitor (not specifically). When switch 1M6 is turned on and switch 1M7 is turned off, energy is stored in inductor L1. When switch 1M7 is turned on and switch 1M6 is turned off, power is conducted by inductor L1 to node Vbat. Inductor L1 and capacitor 112 act as low pass filters to provide a stable DC voltage. From the point of view of voltage modulation, the role of the charger is the buck converter.

第1、1a、1b圖所示的傳統的充電器結構必需至少使用4個開關，在雙路輸入電源和輸出之間提供絕緣，還需要至少2個額外的開關，用於充電器功能。The conventional charger structure shown in Figures 1, 1a, and 1b must use at least four switches to provide insulation between the two input power supplies and the output, and that at least two additional switches are required for the charger function.

第2a圖表示現有的可選線性充電器IC。帶有兩個輸入電源線VBUS1、VBUS2之充電器200a包括開關2M1和2M2的組合，在源極-汲極-汲極-源極結構中，分別串聯到輸入電源線VBUS1上，開關2M3和2M4在源極-汲極-汲極-源極結構中，分別串聯的輸入電源線VBUS2上。根據外部控制器控制的「可用」訊號202，選擇輸入電源線VBUS1或輸入電源線VBUS2。當選擇輸入電源線VBUS1時，開關2M1和2M2導電。當選擇輸入電源線VBUS2時，開關2M3和2M4導電。開關2M2或2M4調製電池204或帶有兩個輸入電源線VBUS1、VBUS2之充電器200a的元件206上的充電電流和充電電壓。當所有的開關都斷開時，帶有兩個輸入電源線VBUS1、VBUS2之充電器200a使節點Vbat處的電池與輸入電源線VBUS1、VBUS2絕緣。Figure 2a shows an existing optional linear charger IC. The charger 200a with two input power lines VBUS1, VBUS2 includes a combination of switches 2M1 and 2M2, which are connected in series to the input power line VBUS1, switches 2M3 and 2M4, respectively, in the source-drain-drain-source structure. In the source-drain-drain-source structure, respectively, the input power line VBUS2 is connected in series. According to the "available" signal 202 controlled by the external controller, the input power line VBUS1 or the input power line VBUS2 is selected. When the input power line VBUS1 is selected, the switches 2M1 and 2M2 conduct electricity. When the input power line VBUS2 is selected, the switches 2M3 and 2M4 conduct electricity. Switch 2M2 or 2M4 modulates the charging current and charging voltage on battery 204 or element 206 of charger 200a with two input power lines VBUS1, VBUS2. When all of the switches are open, the charger 200a with two input power lines VBUS1, VBUS2 insulates the battery at node Vbat from the input power lines VBUS1, VBUS2.

第2b圖表示現有的可選線性充電器IC。帶有兩個輸入電源線VBUS1、VBUS2之充電器200b包括開關2M1和2M2的組合，在源極-汲極-汲極-源極結構中，分別串聯到輸入電源線VBUS1上，開關2M3和2M4在源極-汲極-汲極-源極結構中，分別串聯的輸入電源線VBUS2上。根據外部控制器控制的「可用」訊號202，選擇輸入電源線VBUS1或輸入電源線VBUS2。當選擇輸入電源線VBUS1時，開關2M1和2M2導電。當選擇輸入電源線VBUS2時，開關2M3和2M4導電。開關2M5與2M2、2M4一起調製電池204或帶有兩個輸入電源線VBUS1、VBUS2之充電器200b的元件206上的充電電流和充電電壓。旁路電容器Cpm1、Cpm2都帶有每個開關的組合，確保充電器穩定工作。當所有的開關都斷開時，帶有兩個輸入電源線VBUS1、VBUS2之充電器200b使節點Vbat處的電池與輸入電源線VBUS1、VBUS2絕緣。Figure 2b shows an existing optional linear charger IC. The charger 200b with two input power lines VBUS1, VBUS2 includes a combination of switches 2M1 and 2M2, which are connected in series to the input power line VBUS1, switches 2M3 and 2M4, respectively, in the source-drain-drain-source structure. In the source-drain-drain-source structure, respectively, the input power line VBUS2 is connected in series. According to the "available" signal 202 controlled by the external controller, the input power line VBUS1 or the input power line VBUS2 is selected. When the input power line VBUS1 is selected, the switches 2M1 and 2M2 conduct electricity. When the input power line VBUS2 is selected, the switches 2M3 and 2M4 conduct electricity. Switch 2M5, together with 2M2, 2M4, modulates the charging current and charging voltage on battery 204 or component 206 of charger 200b with two input power lines VBUS1, VBUS2. The bypass capacitors Cpm1, Cpm2 have a combination of each switch to ensure stable operation of the charger. When all of the switches are open, the charger 200b with two input power lines VBUS1, VBUS2 insulates the battery at node Vbat from the input power lines VBUS1, VBUS2.

因此，第2a及2b圖所示的傳統的充電器結構必需至少使用4-5個開關，在雙路輸入電源和輸出之間提供絕緣，以用於充電器功能。Therefore, the conventional charger structure shown in Figures 2a and 2b must use at least 4-5 switches to provide insulation between the dual input power supply and the output for the charger function.

此外，如第1、1a、1b、2a及2b圖所示的傳統的充電器結構還必須使用額外的電路（機械硬連接或電子控制的）連接到輸入電源線處的感測電壓，並選擇合適的輸入電源線。因此，使用更多的開關、額外的電路及其複雜度，都使現有的系統更加昂貴而且效率低下。In addition, the conventional charger structure as shown in Figures 1, 1a, 1b, 2a and 2b must also use an additional circuit (mechanically or electronically controlled) to connect to the sense voltage at the input power line and select A suitable input power cord. Therefore, the use of more switches, additional circuitry, and their complexity makes existing systems more expensive and inefficient.

第3圖表示依據本發明的一個實施例，輸入行選擇器及其附帶的電池充電器。系統300包括兩個開關3M1和3M2，分別連接到輸入電源線VBUS1及輸入電源線VBUS2上。開關3M1和3M2為電晶體，通常是BJT或MOSFET。參照nMOSFET，解釋說明本發明的實施例。然而，這些實施例都適用於包括NPN雙極結型電晶體（BJT）、PNP雙極結型電晶體（BJT）、N型金屬氧化物半導體場效應電晶體（MOSFET）、P型金屬氧化物半導體場效應電晶體（MOSFET）等類似器件在內的其他電晶體。Figure 3 shows an input line selector and its associated battery charger in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. System 300 includes two switches 3M1 and 3M2 that are coupled to input power line VBUS1 and input power line VBUS2, respectively. Switches 3M1 and 3M2 are transistors, typically BJT or MOSFETs. Embodiments of the invention are explained with reference to an nMOSFET. However, these embodiments are applicable to include NPN bipolar junction transistors (BJT), PNP bipolar junction transistors (BJT), N-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs), P-type metal oxides. Other transistors such as semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) and the like.

開關3M1和3M2相互連接在源極-汲極-汲極-源極結構中，在輸入電源線VBUS1及輸入電源線VBUS2之間提供絕緣，當開關斷開時，使電流流至節點Vbat，從而避免當開關斷開時，反轉電流從節點Vbat流至輸入電源線VBUS1及輸入電源線VBUS2。帶有閘極驅動的自動行選擇器ALS用於根據預定義的邏輯，控制開關3M1和3M2的操作。帶有閘極驅動的自動行選擇器ALS從輸入電源線VBUS1及輸入電源線VBUS2中選擇其一，藉由提供大於閘極門檻值電壓的預定義電壓，驅動相應的開關（3M1或3M2）的閘極，使開關開啟。開關3M1和3M2的汲極端連接到公共節點Vin上，公共節點Vin進一步連接到傳統的充電器IC106上，充電器IC106包括兩個/三個開關1M5、1M6和1M7。參見第1a及1b圖，上述傳統充電器IC106分別稱為線性充電器IC106a及開關充電器IC106b。The switches 3M1 and 3M2 are connected to each other in the source-drain-drain-source structure to provide insulation between the input power line VBUS1 and the input power line VBUS2, and when the switch is turned off, current is caused to flow to the node Vbat, thereby Avoid reverse current flow from node Vbat to input power line VBUS1 and input power line VBUS2 when the switch is open. An automatic row selector ALS with gate drive is used to control the operation of switches 3M1 and 3M2 in accordance with predefined logic. The automatic row selector ALS with gate drive selects one of the input power line VBUS1 and the input power line VBUS2, and drives the corresponding switch (3M1 or 3M2) by providing a predefined voltage greater than the gate threshold voltage. The gate opens the switch. The drain terminals of the switches 3M1 and 3M2 are connected to the common node Vin, and the common node Vin is further connected to the conventional charger IC 106, which includes two/three switches 1M5, 1M6 and 1M7. Referring to Figures 1a and 1b, the above conventional charger IC 106 is referred to as a linear charger IC 106a and a switching charger IC 106b, respectively.

依據本發明配置的系統300避免了如第1圖所示的傳統系統100中必須使用四個開關使輸入電源線與輸出絕緣的方式。藉由提供具有半數開關的輸入行選擇器系統，本發明所述的系統300有效修正了系統100，與原有技術相比，高效配置的自動行選擇器和閘極驅動，使系統300簡便、高效並且節省成本。The system 300 configured in accordance with the present invention avoids the manner in which the four switches must be used to insulate the input power line from the output in the conventional system 100 as shown in FIG. By providing an input row selector system having half of the switches, the system 300 of the present invention effectively modifies the system 100. The highly efficient configuration of the automatic row selector and gate drive compared to the prior art makes the system 300 simple and Efficient and cost effective.

第4圖表示依據本發明的一個實施例，電池上使用的雙路輸入單獨輸出線性充電器。線性充電器400包括一個帶有閘極驅動的自動行選擇器ALS，藉由相應的開關3M1或3M2，將雙路輸入電源線VBUS1及輸入電源線VBUS2中的其中之一連接到節點Vbat。帶有閘極驅動的自動行選擇器ALS驅動相應的開關3M1或3M2的閘極，使電流流至開關4M3，開關4M3作為調製器線性工作，調製電池404或系統的其他元件402的充電電壓和充電電流。例如，當帶有閘極驅動的自動行選擇器ALS選擇輸入電源線VBUS1時，開關3M1開啟，開關3M2斷開。開關4M3調製節點Vbat處的輸出，從而控制電池404或其他元件402的充電電流和充電電壓。Figure 4 illustrates a dual input, separate output linear charger for use on a battery in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. The linear charger 400 includes an automatic row selector ALS with gate drive, and one of the dual input power line VBUS1 and the input power line VBUS2 is connected to the node Vbat by a corresponding switch 3M1 or 3M2. The automatic row selector ALS with gate drive drives the gate of the corresponding switch 3M1 or 3M2, causing current to flow to switch 4M3, which acts linearly as a modulator, modulating the charging voltage of battery 404 or other components 402 of the system. recharging current. For example, when the automatic row selector ALS with gate drive selects the input power line VBUS1, the switch 3M1 is turned on and the switch 3M2 is turned off. Switch 4M3 modulates the output at node Vbat to control the charging current and charging voltage of battery 404 or other component 402.

閘極驅動406控制開關4M3。當開關斷開時，藉由開關4M3和所連接的開關3M1和3M2之間的源極-汲極-汲極-源極結構，開關4M3使輸入電源線（VBUS1、VBUS2）和節點（Vbat）之間絕緣。例如，當開關3M1、3M2和4M3斷開時，開關3M1和4M3、以及開關3M2和4M3的源極-汲極-汲極-源極結構防止電池404中流出反轉電流。Gate drive 406 controls switch 4M3. When the switch is turned off, the switch 4M3 makes the input power lines (VBUS1, VBUS2) and nodes (Vbat) by the source-drain-drain-source structure between the switch 4M3 and the connected switches 3M1 and 3M2. Insulation between. For example, when switches 3M1, 3M2, and 4M3 are open, the source-drain-drain-source structures of switches 3M1 and 4M3, and switches 3M2 and 4M3 prevent reverse current from flowing out of battery 404.

第5圖表示依據本發明的一個實施例，電池上使用的雙路輸入單獨輸出的開關充電器。充電器500包括開關3M1、3M2以及帶有閘極驅動的自動行選擇器ALS，其排布結構如第4圖所示。藉由開關5M3和所連接的開關3M1和3M2之間的源極-汲極-汲極-源極結構，開關5M3使輸入電源線（VBUS1、VBUS2）及節點（Vbat）之間絕緣。提供一個額外的開關5M4，與開關5M3一起工作，作為一個開關充電器。脈寬調製驅動502控制開關5M4和5M3，調製輸入功率，提供開關輸出功率。例如，當帶有閘極驅動的自動行選擇器ALS選擇輸入電源線VBUS1時，開關3M1開啟，開關3M2斷開。開關5M3和5M4的傳導次數由脈寬調製驅動502控制，開關5M3和5M4持續切換，與存儲能量的零件一起，調製開關節點Vsw處的充電電流和充電電壓，電感器L1為連接在節點Vbat處的電池504充電，或為系統的其他元件506提供功率。通常，旁路電容器Cpm用於確保充電器500穩定工作。Figure 5 shows a two-input single-output switch charger for use on a battery in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. The charger 500 includes switches 3M1, 3M2 and an automatic row selector ALS with gate drive, the arrangement of which is shown in Fig. 4. The switch 5M3 insulates the input power lines (VBUS1, VBUS2) and the node (Vbat) by the source-drain-drain-source configuration between the switch 5M3 and the connected switches 3M1 and 3M2. An additional switch 5M4 is provided to work with switch 5M3 as a switching charger. The pulse width modulation driver 502 controls the switches 5M4 and 5M3 to modulate the input power and provide the switching output power. For example, when the automatic row selector ALS with gate drive selects the input power line VBUS1, the switch 3M1 is turned on and the switch 3M2 is turned off. The number of conductions of the switches 5M3 and 5M4 is controlled by the pulse width modulation drive 502, and the switches 5M3 and 5M4 are continuously switched. Together with the parts storing the energy, the charging current and the charging voltage at the switching node Vsw are modulated, and the inductor L1 is connected at the node Vbat. The battery 504 is charged or provides power to other components 506 of the system. Typically, the bypass capacitor Cpm is used to ensure that the charger 500 operates stably.

第6圖表示依據本發明的一個實施例，一種自動行選擇器和閘極驅動。排布600從兩個輸入電源線VBUS1、VBUS2中自動選擇其一。根據預設的選擇邏輯，在工作結構和非工作結構之間，自動行選擇器和閘極驅動觸發與輸入電源線有關的任一開關，這取決於兩個輸入電源線的至少其中一個的電壓能級大於低電壓閉鎖能級的預定義值。輸入電源線附帶的電壓驅動感測每個輸入電源線VBUS1、VBUS2的電壓能級，電壓驅動包括一對電阻器。根據電阻分壓器的電阻率，劃分每個輸入電源線VBUS1、VBUS2的電壓，電阻分壓器包括輸入電源線VBUS1的電阻器R1、R2，以及輸入電源線VBUS2的電阻器R1、R2、R3。節點Va、Vb處的感測電壓分別與輸入電源線VBUS1及輸入電源線VBUS2有關，它們都是非反向的，分別將輸入反轉到比較器602，比較器602比較兩個輸入，並且產生輸出電壓Vcom。比較器602帶有滯後電壓Vhys，用於穩定工作，並且阻止兩個輸入電源線之間的雜訊在輸出電壓Vcom中引起的閃動以及不必要的快速切換。電阻器R3和開關606提供滯後電壓Vhys。當開關606斷開時，節點Vc處的電壓由R1+R2及R3的比值決定。當開關606開啟時，結構Vc接地。節點Vc處電壓的變化導致節點Vb處電壓變化，比較器602的反轉輸入，並且產生所需的滯後電壓Vhys。比較器602比較節點Va、Vb處的輸入，產生的輸出電壓Vcom載入到閘極驅動604，相應地驅動兩個nMOSFET 3M1和3M2的其中之一的閘極。例如，對於高輸出電壓Vcom，閘極驅動604接通，nMOSFET 3M2斷開。與之類似，對於低輸出電壓Vcom，nMOSFET 3M2接通，nMOSFET 3M1斷開，從而根據輸入電源線VBUS1及輸入電源線VBUS2，使兩個nMOSFET切換。因此，藉由可用的開關，將所選的電源線連接到線性/開關充電器。Figure 6 shows an automatic row selector and gate drive in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Arrangement 600 automatically selects one of the two input power lines VBUS1, VBUS2. Depending on the preset selection logic, between the active and non-working structures, the automatic row selector and gate drive triggers any switch associated with the input power line, depending on the voltage of at least one of the two input power lines The energy level is greater than a predefined value of the low voltage blocking energy level. The voltage drive attached to the input power line senses the voltage level of each of the input power lines VBUS1, VBUS2, and the voltage drive includes a pair of resistors. According to the resistivity of the resistor divider, the voltage of each input power line VBUS1, VBUS2 is divided. The resistor divider includes resistors R1 and R2 of the input power line VBUS1, and resistors R1, R2 and R3 of the input power line VBUS2. . The sense voltages at nodes Va, Vb are associated with input power line VBUS1 and input power line VBUS2, respectively, which are non-inverted, respectively inverting the input to comparator 602, comparator 602 comparing the two inputs, and generating an output Voltage Vcom. The comparator 602 has a hysteresis voltage Vhys for stable operation and prevents flicker caused by noise between the two input power lines in the output voltage Vcom and unnecessary fast switching. Resistor R3 and switch 606 provide a hysteresis voltage Vhys. When switch 606 is open, the voltage at node Vc is determined by the ratio of R1 + R2 and R3. When switch 606 is open, structure Vc is grounded. The change in voltage at node Vc causes a voltage change at node Vb, the inverting input of comparator 602, and the desired hysteresis voltage Vhys is generated. Comparator 602 compares the inputs at nodes Va, Vb, and the resulting output voltage Vcom is loaded into gate drive 604, which in turn drives the gates of one of the two nMOSFETs 3M1 and 3M2. For example, for a high output voltage Vcom, the gate drive 604 is turned "on" and the nMOSFET 3M2 is turned "off". Similarly, for the low output voltage Vcom, the nMOSFET 3M2 is turned on, and the nMOSFET 3M1 is turned off, thereby switching the two nMOSFETs according to the input power supply line VBUS1 and the input power supply line VBUS2. Therefore, the selected power line is connected to the linear/switching charger with the available switches.

第7圖表示第6圖所示的自動行選擇器的輸出波形。輸入電源線VBUS1、VBUS2表示相應的輸入電源的電壓波形，輸出電壓Vcom表示第6圖所示的比較器的輸出電壓，Vin表示線性/開關充電器上的電壓。VTH_r表示當輸入電源線VBUS1上升時的門檻值電壓，VTH_f表示當輸入電源線VBUS1下降時的門檻值電壓。在VTH_r處，輸出電壓Vcom從低能級觸發到高能級，在VTH_f處反之亦然。Fig. 7 shows the output waveform of the automatic line selector shown in Fig. 6. The input power lines VBUS1, VBUS2 represent the voltage waveforms of the corresponding input power supplies, the output voltage Vcom represents the output voltage of the comparator shown in Fig. 6, and Vin represents the voltage on the linear/switching charger. VTH_r represents the threshold voltage when the input power line VBUS1 rises, and VTH_f represents the threshold voltage when the input power line VBUS1 falls. At VTH_r, the output voltage Vcom is triggered from a low level to a high level, and vice versa at VTH_f.

關鍵是，為兩個輸入電源線中的其中一個預設置一個較高的優先順序。例如，當藉由交流匯流排適配器和USB介面，獲得兩個輸入電源線時，兩個輸入線會感測到相同的輸入電壓能級。即使比較器的門檻值電壓中有些滯後，因此由於比較器輸入端的輸入電壓能級相同，比較器的輸出都可能不穩定（未知狀態）。此外，雖然兩個輸入都處於同一個電壓能級，但是它們的電流驅動能力卻有所不同。例如，適配器的電流驅動能力高於USB輸入。因此，當輸入線具有相同的感測電壓能級時，適配器輸入線必須具有較高的優先順序。The key is to pre-set a higher priority for one of the two input power lines. For example, when two input power lines are obtained by the AC bus adapter and the USB interface, the two input lines sense the same input voltage level. Even if there is some hysteresis in the threshold voltage of the comparator, the output of the comparator may be unstable (unknown state) because the input voltage level of the comparator input is the same. In addition, although both inputs are at the same voltage level, their current drive capability is different. For example, the adapter's current drive capability is higher than the USB input. Therefore, when the input lines have the same sense voltage level, the adapter input lines must have a higher priority.

然而，為了在兩個輸入電源線中選擇其一，必須在兩個輸入電源線中的任意一個的感測電壓上增加一個偏置電壓Voff。為了解釋說明，我們認為在第6圖所示的輸入電源線VBUS2的感測電壓上增加一個偏置電壓Voff。偏置電壓Voff表示所增加的偏置電壓（與電阻分壓器串聯），當輸入線具有相同的感測電壓能級時，使輸入電源線VBUS1成為高優先順序線或優先線。However, in order to select one of the two input power lines, it is necessary to add a bias voltage Voff to the sensing voltage of any of the two input power lines. For the sake of explanation, we believe that a bias voltage Voff is added to the sensing voltage of the input power supply line VBUS2 shown in FIG. The bias voltage Voff represents the increased bias voltage (in series with the resistor divider), making the input power line VBUS1 a high priority line or priority line when the input lines have the same sense voltage level.

由於增加了偏置電壓Voff，輸入電源線VBUS1的優先順序可以用下式表示：

Since the bias voltage Voff is increased, the priority order of the input power line VBUS1 can be expressed by:

由於VBUS1=VBUS2，輸出電壓Vcom屬於高能級，與以下的數學方程式相結合。

Since VBUS1 = VBUS2, the output voltage Vcom is of a high energy level and is combined with the following mathematical equations.

第6圖所示的比較器602必須要求滯後電壓Vhys，才能穩定運行，保護比較器遠離其有限增益引起的未知狀態。用於升高和降低輸入電源線VBUS1的門檻值電壓的滯後電壓Vhys可以表示為：




其中R1+R2 >> R3The comparator 602 shown in Figure 6 must require a hysteresis voltage Vhys to operate stably, protecting the comparator from an unknown state caused by its finite gain. The hysteresis voltage Vhys for raising and lowering the threshold voltage of the input power line VBUS1 can be expressed as:




Where R1+R2 >> R3

輸入電源線VBUS2和VTH_f之間的差δV與偏置電壓Voff相同，偏置電壓Voff小於nMOSFET開關3M1和3M2的寄生體二極體的正向電壓VF，以便於選取合適的行。因此，依據本發明，

The difference δV between the input power lines VBUS2 and VTH_f is the same as the bias voltage Voff, and the bias voltage Voff is smaller than the forward voltage VF of the parasitic body diodes of the nMOSFET switches 3M1 and 3M2 in order to select an appropriate row. Therefore, in accordance with the present invention,

例如，如果VF=0.6V、δV =0.8V、VBUS1=VBUS2=5.4V，那麼自動行選擇器ALS就選擇輸入電源線VBUS1，輸入電源線VBUS1為預設的優先行。因此，開關3M1開啟，開關3M2斷開。此時，如果除去輸入電源線VBUS1電源，輸入電源線VBUS1電壓降至VBUS2-VF=5.4V-0.6V=4.8V，但是由於輸入電源線VBUS1並不小於輸入電源線VBUS2- δV，因此開關3M1開啟，開關3M2斷開。因此，輸出Vin成為4.8V，3M2的體二極體使3M2中產生功率損耗。假設最壞的情況是沒有除去輸入電源線VBUS1電源，而是連接4.8V，那麼輸入電源線VBUS2及輸入電源線VBUS1將短接，藉由3M2 的體二極體和3M1的汲極-源極電阻RDS（開啟），從輸入電源線VBUS2到輸入電源線VBUS1會發生巨大的短路電流。顯然，δV應低於開關的體二極體的正向電壓。For example, if VF=0.6V, δV=0.8V, VBUS1=VBUS2=5.4V, the automatic row selector ALS selects the input power line VBUS1, and the input power line VBUS1 is the preset priority line. Therefore, the switch 3M1 is turned on and the switch 3M2 is turned off. At this time, if the input power line VBUS1 is removed, the input power line VBUS1 voltage drops to VBUS2-VF=5.4V-0.6V=4.8V, but since the input power line VBUS1 is not smaller than the input power line VBUS2- δV, the switch 3M1 When it is turned on, the switch 3M2 is turned off. Therefore, the output Vin becomes 4.8V, and the body diode of 3M2 causes power loss in 3M2. Assuming the worst case is that the input power line VBUS1 is not removed, but 4.8V is connected, the input power line VBUS2 and the input power line VBUS1 will be shorted by the 3M2 body diode and the 3M1 drain-source. Resistor RDS (on), a large short-circuit current occurs from the input power line VBUS2 to the input power line VBUS1. Obviously, δV should be lower than the forward voltage of the body diode of the switch.

依據本發明，利用獨立元件、積體電路（IC）和混合積體電路中的其中之一，就可以實現上述系統。According to the present invention, the above system can be realized by one of a separate element, an integrated circuit (IC), and a hybrid integrated circuit.

儘管本發明的內容已經藉由上述較佳實施例作了詳細介紹，但應當認識到上述的描述不應被認為是對本發明的限制。在本領域技術人員閱讀了上述內容後，對於本發明的多種修改和替代都將是顯而易見的。因此，本發明的保護範圍應由所附的申請專利範圍來限定。
Although the present invention has been described in detail by the preferred embodiments thereof, it should be understood that the description Various modifications and alterations of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the scope of the invention should be limited by the scope of the appended claims.

100．．．系統100. . . system

102、104．．．負載開關IC102, 104. . . Load switch IC

106．．．充電器IC106. . . Charger IC

106a．．．線性充電器IC106a. . . Linear charger IC

106b．．．開關充電器IC106b. . . Switch charger IC

108、204、404、504．．．電池108, 204, 404, 504. . . battery

110、206．．．元件110, 206. . . element

112．．．電容器112. . . Capacitor

1M1、1M2、1M3、1M4、1M5、1M6、1M7、2M1、2M2、2M3、2M4、3M1、3M2、4M3、5M3、5M4、606．．．開關1M1, 1M2, 1M3, 1M4, 1M5, 1M6, 1M7, 2M1, 2M2, 2M3, 2M4, 3M1, 3M2, 4M3, 5M3, 5M4, 606. . . switch

200a、200b．．．帶有兩個輸入電源線VBUS1、VBUS2之充電器200a, 200b. . . Charger with two input power lines VBUS1, VBUS2

202．．．可用訊號202. . . Available signal

402、506．．．其他元件402, 506. . . Other components

400．．．線性充電器400. . . Linear charger

406、604．．．閘極驅動406, 604. . . Gate drive

500．．．充電器500. . . charger

502．．．脈寬調製驅動502. . . Pulse width modulation drive

600．．．排步600. . . Step

602．．．比較器602. . . Comparators

ALS．．．目動行選擇器ALS. . . Eye mover selector

Cpm、Cpm1、Cpm2．．．旁路電容器Cpm, Cpm1, Cpm2. . . Bypass capacitor

EN1、EN2．．．訊號EN1, EN2. . . Signal

L1．．．電感器L1. . . Inductor

R1、R2、R3．．．電阻器R1, R2, R3. . . Resistor

Va、Vbat、Vb、Vc、Vin．．．節點Va, Vbat, Vb, Vc, Vin. . . node

VBUS1、VBUS2．．．輸入電源線VBUS1, VBUS2. . . Input power cord

Vcom．．．輸出電壓Vcom. . . The output voltage

VF．．．正向電壓VF. . . Forward Voltage

Vhys．．．滯後電壓Vhys. . . Hysteresis voltage

Voff．．．偏置電壓Voff. . . Bias voltage

106．．．充電器IC106. . . Charger IC

1M5、1M6、1M7、3M1、3M2．．．開關1M5, 1M6, 1M7, 3M1, 3M2. . . switch

304．．．其他元件304. . . Other components

ALS．．．自動行選擇器ALS. . . Automatic line selector

L1．．．電感器L1. . . Inductor

Vbat．．．節點Vbat. . . node

VBUS1、VBUS2．．．輸入電源線VBUS1, VBUS2. . . Input power cord

Vin．．．公共節點Vin. . . Common node

Claims (15)

一種輸入行選擇器系統，用於將第一輸入電源線及第二輸入電源線中的其中一個，選擇性地連接到公共節點，該輸入行選擇器系統包括：
第一開關，用於選取電流從該第一輸入電源線流至該節點；
第二開關，用於選取電流從該第二輸入電源線流至該節點；以及
自動行選擇器，連接到該第一開關及該第二開關，該自動行選擇器基於預設的選擇邏輯，使該第一開關或該第二開關在工作結構及非工作結構之間切換，這取決於該第一輸入電源線及該第二輸入電源線中的至少一個的電壓能級，大於低電壓閉鎖能級之預設值。An input line selector system for selectively connecting one of a first input power line and a second input power line to a common node, the input line selector system comprising:
a first switch for selecting a current to flow from the first input power line to the node;
a second switch for selecting a current to flow from the second input power line to the node; and an automatic row selector connected to the first switch and the second switch, the automatic line selector being based on a preset selection logic, Switching the first switch or the second switch between the active structure and the non-working structure, depending on a voltage level of at least one of the first input power line and the second input power line, greater than a low voltage lockout The default value of the energy level. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之輸入行選擇器系統，其中該第一開關至少包括第一端、第二端及第三端，該第一端連接到該第一輸入電源線；該第二開關至少包括第四端、第五端及第六端，該第四端連接到該第二輸入電源線，該第二端及該第五端連接到該節點。The input line selector system of claim 1, wherein the first switch includes at least a first end, a second end, and a third end, the first end being connected to the first input power line; The second switch includes at least a fourth end, a fifth end, and a sixth end. The fourth end is connected to the second input power line, and the second end and the fifth end are connected to the node. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之輸入行選擇器系統，其中該自動行選擇器包括：
第一分壓器，包括第一對電阻器，用於連接到該第一輸入電源線，產生第一感測電壓；
第二分壓器，包括第二對電阻器，用於連接到該第二輸入電源線，產生第二感測電壓；
比較器，用於接收該第一感測電壓及該第二感測電壓，並產生輸出訊號；以及
驅動器，用於接收該輸出訊號，並為該第三端或該第六端提供預定義電壓。The input line selector system of claim 1, wherein the automatic line selector comprises:
a first voltage divider comprising a first pair of resistors for connecting to the first input power line to generate a first sensing voltage;
a second voltage divider comprising a second pair of resistors for connecting to the second input power line to generate a second sensing voltage;
a comparator, configured to receive the first sensing voltage and the second sensing voltage, and generate an output signal; and a driver, configured to receive the output signal, and provide a predefined voltage for the third terminal or the sixth terminal . 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之輸入行選擇器系統，其中該第一開關及該第二開關為從金屬氧化物半導體場效應電晶體及雙極結型電晶體構成之組中選取之電晶體。The input line selector system of claim 1, wherein the first switch and the second switch are selected from the group consisting of a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor and a bipolar junction transistor. Crystal. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之輸入行選擇器系統，其中該第一開關及該第二開關為NPN雙極結型電晶體時，該第一端及該第四端為電晶體之發射極，該第二端及該第五端為集電極，該第三端及該第六端為基極，構成該第一開關及該第二開關。The input line selector system of claim 1, wherein the first switch and the second switch are NPN bipolar junction transistors, and the first end and the fourth end are transistors The second end and the fifth end are collectors, and the third end and the sixth end are bases, and the first switch and the second switch are formed. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之輸入行選擇器系統，其中該第一開關及該第二開關為PNP雙極結型電晶體時，該第一端及該第四端為電晶體之集電極，該第二端及該第五端為發射極，該第三端及該第六端為基極，構成該第一開關及該第二開關。The input line selector system of claim 1, wherein the first switch and the second switch are PNP bipolar junction transistors, the first end and the fourth end are a set of transistors The second end and the fifth end are emitters, and the third end and the sixth end are bases, and the first switch and the second switch are formed. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之輸入行選擇器系統，其中該第一開關及該第二開關為N型金屬氧化物半導體場效應電晶體時，該第一端及該第四端為電晶體之源極，該第二端及該第五端為汲極，該第三端及該第六端為閘極，構成該第一開關及該第二開關。The input line selector system of claim 1, wherein the first switch and the second switch are N-type MOSFETs, the first end and the fourth end are electrically a source of the crystal, the second end and the fifth end are drains, and the third end and the sixth end are gates, and the first switch and the second switch are formed. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之輸入行選擇器系統，其中該第一開關及該第二開關為P型金屬氧化物半導體場效應電晶體時，該第一端及該第四端為電晶體之汲極，該第二端及該第五端為源極，該第三端及該第六端為閘極，構成該第一開關及該第二開關。The input line selector system of claim 1, wherein the first switch and the second switch are P-type MOSFETs, the first end and the fourth end are electrically The second end and the fifth end are the source, and the third end and the sixth end are gates, and the first switch and the second switch are formed. 一種線性充電器連接到負載，該線性充電器包括如申請專利範圍第1項所述之輸入行選擇器系統，該線性充電器更包括第三開關，該第三開關有效耦合在該節點及負載之間，該第三開關至少具有第七端、第八端及第九端，該第七端連接到負載，該第八端連接到節點，該第九端耦合到驅動器上。A linear charger is coupled to the load, the linear charger comprising the input line selector system of claim 1, the linear charger further comprising a third switch operatively coupled to the node and the load Between the third switch has at least a seventh end, an eighth end and a ninth end connected to the load, the eighth end being connected to the node, the ninth end being coupled to the driver. 一種切換充電器連接到負載，該切換充電器包括如申請專利範圍第1項所述之輸入行選擇器系統，該切換充電器更包括第四開關及第五開關，該第四開關及該第五開關有效耦合在該節點及負載之間，該第四開關具有第十端、第十一端及第十二端，該第五開關具有第十三端、第十四端及第十五端，該第十端及該第十四端連接到切換節點，該第十一端連接到該節點，該第十三端接地，該第十二端及該第十五端耦合到脈寬調製（PWM）驅動器上。A switching charger is connected to the load, the switching charger comprising the input line selector system according to claim 1, wherein the switching charger further comprises a fourth switch and a fifth switch, the fourth switch and the The fifth switch is effectively coupled between the node and the load, the fourth switch has a tenth end, a tenth end and a twelfth end, and the fifth switch has a thirteenth end, a fourteenth end and a fifteenth end The tenth end and the fourteenth end are connected to the switching node, the eleventh end is connected to the node, the thirteenth end is grounded, and the twelfth end and the fifteenth end are coupled to the pulse width modulation ( PWM) on the drive. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之輸入行選擇器系統，其中該輸入行選擇器系統包括獨立元件、積體電路以及混合積體電路中之至少一個。The input line selector system of claim 1, wherein the input line selector system comprises at least one of a separate component, an integrated circuit, and a hybrid integrated circuit. 一種選擇性連接，並將第一輸入電源線或第二輸入電源線的其中一個的電流傳輸至公共節點上之方法，該方法包括以下步驟：
製備在該第一輸入電源線及該節點之間，具有第一端、第二端及第三端之第一開關；
將該第一端連接到該第一輸入電源線，將該第二端連接到該節點；
製備在該第二輸入電源線及該節點之間，具有第四端、第五端及第六端之第二開關；
將該第四端連接到該第二輸入電源線，將該第五端連接到該節點；
以預設之選擇邏輯為基礎，根據該第一輸入電源線及該第二輸入電源線中之至少一電壓能級大於低電壓閉鎖能級之預設值，切換工作結構及非工作結構之間該第一開關或該第二開關；
根據該第一輸入電源線，產生第一感測電壓；
根據該第二輸入電源線，產生第二感測電壓；
比較該第一感測電壓及該第二感測電壓，並產生輸出訊號；以及
以該輸出訊號為基礎，驅動該第三端或該第六端，連接感測電壓較高之該第一輸入電源線或該第二輸入電源線。A method of selectively connecting and transmitting current of one of a first input power line or a second input power line to a common node, the method comprising the steps of:
Preparing a first switch having a first end, a second end, and a third end between the first input power line and the node;
Connecting the first end to the first input power line, and connecting the second end to the node;
Forming a second switch having a fourth end, a fifth end, and a sixth end between the second input power line and the node;
Connecting the fourth end to the second input power line, connecting the fifth end to the node;
And switching between the working structure and the non-working structure according to the preset selection logic, according to the preset voltage of the first input power line and the second input power line being greater than a preset value of the low voltage blocking energy level The first switch or the second switch;
Generating a first sensing voltage according to the first input power line;
Generating a second sensing voltage according to the second input power line;
Comparing the first sensing voltage and the second sensing voltage, and generating an output signal; and driving the third end or the sixth end based on the output signal, connecting the first input with a higher sensing voltage Power cord or the second input power cord. 如申請專利範圍第12項所述之方法，其更包括以下步驟：
製備具有第七端、第八端及第九端之第三開關，在該第一輸入電源線及連接負載之間；
將該第七端連接到負載；
將該第八端連接到該節點；
適當驅動該第九端，調製負載上之充電電流及充電電壓。The method of claim 12, further comprising the steps of:
Preparing a third switch having a seventh end, an eighth end, and a ninth end between the first input power line and the connected load;
Connecting the seventh end to the load;
Connecting the eighth end to the node;
The ninth terminal is appropriately driven to modulate the charging current and the charging voltage on the load. 如申請專利範圍第12項所述之方法，其更包括以下步驟：
製備具有第十端、第十一端及第十二端之第四開關，以及具有第十三端、第十四端以及第十五端之第五開關，在該節點及開關節點之間；
將該第十一端連接到該節點；
將該第十三端接地；
將該第十端及該第十四端連接到負載；以及
適當驅動該第十二端及該第十五端，調製開關節點上之充電電流及充電電壓。The method of claim 12, further comprising the steps of:
Forming a fourth switch having a tenth end, an eleventh end, and a twelfth end, and a fifth switch having a thirteenth end, a fourteenth end, and a fifteenth end, between the node and the switch node;
Connecting the eleventh end to the node;
Grounding the thirteenth end;
The tenth end and the fourteenth end are connected to the load; and the twelfth end and the fifteenth end are appropriately driven to modulate the charging current and the charging voltage on the switch node. 如申請專利範圍第12項所述5之方法，其中該預設選擇邏輯包括以下步驟：
確定滯後電壓與偏移電壓，使含有該滯後電壓之該偏移電壓小於該第一開關及該第二開關之寄生體二極體之正向電壓；以及
從該偏移電壓中減去該滯後電壓，用於該第一感測電壓及該第二感測電壓中之至少一個，確定從該第一感測電壓及該第二感測電壓中選取優先順序高之輸入線。The method of claim 5, wherein the preset selection logic comprises the following steps:
Determining the hysteresis voltage and the offset voltage such that the offset voltage including the hysteresis voltage is less than a forward voltage of the parasitic body diodes of the first switch and the second switch; and subtracting the hysteresis from the offset voltage The voltage is used for at least one of the first sensing voltage and the second sensing voltage to determine an input line with a higher priority order from the first sensing voltage and the second sensing voltage.
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US9768630B2 (en) 2014-08-28 2017-09-19 Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. Real time compensating power output charging circuit
TWI762338B (en) * 2021-05-31 2022-04-21 國立陽明交通大學 Fast charging driver
WO2023236771A1 (en) * 2022-06-09 2023-12-14 台达电子工业股份有限公司 Dual-input power source switching system and operation method therefor

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