TW201425780A - Shift device for a planetary gearing - Google Patents
Shift device for a planetary gearing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW201425780A TW201425780A TW102146886A TW102146886A TW201425780A TW 201425780 A TW201425780 A TW 201425780A TW 102146886 A TW102146886 A TW 102146886A TW 102146886 A TW102146886 A TW 102146886A TW 201425780 A TW201425780 A TW 201425780A
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- Prior art keywords
- switching
- planetary gear
- gear set
- sliding sleeve
- engaging element
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/304—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms the final output mechanisms comprising elements moved by electrical or magnetic force
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/34—Locking or disabling mechanisms
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D11/00—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts
- F16D2011/002—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts using an external and axially slidable sleeve for coupling the teeth of both coupling components together
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/304—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms the final output mechanisms comprising elements moved by electrical or magnetic force
- F16H2063/305—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms the final output mechanisms comprising elements moved by electrical or magnetic force using electromagnetic solenoids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/304—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms the final output mechanisms comprising elements moved by electrical or magnetic force
- F16H2063/3056—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms the final output mechanisms comprising elements moved by electrical or magnetic force using cam or crank gearing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H2063/3093—Final output elements, i.e. the final elements to establish gear ratio, e.g. dog clutches or other means establishing coupling to shaft
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/46—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears
- F16H3/48—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears with single orbital gears or pairs of rigidly-connected orbital gears
- F16H3/52—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears with single orbital gears or pairs of rigidly-connected orbital gears comprising orbital spur gears
- F16H3/54—Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears with single orbital gears or pairs of rigidly-connected orbital gears comprising orbital spur gears one of the central gears being internally toothed and the other externally toothed
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本發明係關於行星齒輪組，尤指一種具有切換機構的行星齒輪組。 The present invention relates to planetary gear sets, and more particularly to a planetary gear set having a switching mechanism.
按，行星齒輪組切換機構係廣泛使用於各種工具機、車削、銑削和加工中心，且其是使用DC/AC主軸馬達驅動，傳動裝置可提高主軸馬達的性能，以便在處理不同材質或使用不同的切削力時，可透過較大的扭力或轉速來提高工具機的靈活度。目前所知工具機使用之兩段式行星齒輪組設有兩段式傳動軸，其中與太陽齒輪連接的驅動軸與環齒輪連接，同時環齒輪又與殼體嚙合，行星支架則為從動件，並與從動軸連接。 According to the planetary gear set switching mechanism, it is widely used in various machine tools, turning, milling and machining centers, and it is driven by DC/AC spindle motor. The transmission can improve the performance of the spindle motor so that it can handle different materials or use differently. When the cutting force is used, the flexibility of the machine tool can be improved by the large torque or the rotational speed. The two-stage planetary gear set currently used in the utility machine is provided with a two-stage transmission shaft, wherein the drive shaft connected to the sun gear is connected with the ring gear, and the ring gear is meshed with the casing, and the planetary carrier is the driven member. And connected to the driven shaft.
如德國專利編號DE 199 17 673 A1專利，已知兩段式行星齒輪組的切換機構，其驅動軸係與太陽齒輪連接，且其從動軸與一行星支架連接，行星齒輪組的環齒輪係透過一外滑套與一殼體或與太陽齒輪嚙合。該外滑套與驅動軸同軸，可透過電動促動器移動至不同的切換位置，該促動器係為一電磁鐵，其電樞與外滑套驅動連接。 A switching mechanism for a two-stage planetary gear set is known, in which the drive shaft system is coupled to the sun gear and the driven shaft is coupled to a planet carrier, the ring gear train of the planetary gear set, as described in German Patent No. DE 199 17 673 A1. Engaged with a housing or with a sun gear through an outer sleeve. The outer sliding sleeve is coaxial with the driving shaft and can be moved to different switching positions by the electric actuator. The actuator is an electromagnet, and the armature is drivingly connected to the outer sliding sleeve.
本發明之第一目的，係提供一行星齒輪組切換機構，係設有一外滑套，且可透過行星齒輪組軸向設置之促動器的作動，從一個中立位置移動至一切換位置，並設有至少一用於緊固嚙合兩行星齒輪組零件之嚙合元件，以便以行星齒輪組軸向從一個自由位置移動至一咬合位置，且至少設有一切換彈簧，該切換彈簧將一外滑套與至少一嚙合元件相互連接，以使在外滑套從一中立位置移動至一切換位置時，嚙合元件受切換彈簧牽引朝欲嚙合零件的方向移動。此外，該切換機構設有一鎖止單元，以便將嚙合元件於鎖止狀態時，維持在自由位置上，並可將切換彈簧的彈力儲存 在移動至切換位置的外滑套上，並在一特定時間點鬆開鎖止單元將之釋放出來。 A first object of the present invention is to provide a planetary gear set switching mechanism having an outer sliding sleeve that is movable from a neutral position to a switching position by actuation of an axially disposed actuator of the planetary gear set. Having at least one engaging element for fastening the two planetary gear set parts to move from a free position to a meshing position in the axial direction of the planetary gear set, and at least one switching spring is provided, the switching spring will have an outer sliding sleeve Interconnecting with at least one of the engaging elements such that when the outer sliding sleeve is moved from a neutral position to a switching position, the engaging element is moved by the switching spring toward the component to be engaged. In addition, the switching mechanism is provided with a locking unit for maintaining the engaging element in the free position when the engaging element is in the locked state, and storing the elastic force of the switching spring The outer sliding sleeve is moved to the switching position, and the locking unit is released at a certain point in time to release it.
本發明之第二目的，係該切換機構設有一外滑套、至少一嚙合元件以及至少一切換彈簧，該外滑套係透過行星齒輪組軸向設置之促動器的作動，從一個中立位置移動至一切換位置，且外滑套可活動設置於一個或至少兩個切換位置上，又，若外滑套設置於多個切換位置上，相對於中立位置，切換位置可設置在外滑套移動方向的相反方向上，亦可替代或額外於移動方向前後設置至少兩個切換位置，且位於中立位置時，驅動軸不會傳遞扭力至從動軸。另，只有在切換位置時才會相對有嚙合動作，為此至少一用於緊固嚙合兩行星齒輪組零件之嚙合元件可以行星齒輪組軸向位置從一個自由位置移動至一咬合位置。最好將嚙合元件與行星齒輪組的其中一零件緊固嚙合，並以行星齒輪組軸向位置活動設置。此外，嚙合元件上設置有嚙合輪齒，其於咬合位置上與欲嚙合之第二零件咬合。再者，至少以一切換彈簧將外滑套與至少一嚙合元件相互連接，以便在外滑套從一位置移動至一切換位置時，嚙合元件受彈簧牽引朝欲嚙合零件的方向移動。 A second object of the present invention is to provide an outer sliding sleeve, at least one engaging element, and at least one switching spring that is actuated by an axially disposed actuator of the planetary gear set from a neutral position. Moving to a switching position, and the outer sliding sleeve is movably disposed at one or at least two switching positions, and if the outer sliding sleeve is disposed at a plurality of switching positions, the switching position can be set to the outer sliding sleeve movement relative to the neutral position In the opposite direction of the direction, at least two switching positions may be provided instead of or in addition to the moving direction, and when in the neutral position, the driving shaft does not transmit the torque to the driven shaft. In addition, there is a relative engagement action only when the position is switched, for which at least one engagement element for fastening the two planetary gear set components can move the planetary gear set axial position from a free position to a snap position. Preferably, the engagement element is in secure engagement with one of the components of the planetary gear set and is axially positioned in the planetary gear set. In addition, the engaging elements are provided with engaging teeth that engage the second part to be engaged in the engaged position. Furthermore, the outer sliding sleeve and the at least one engaging element are interconnected by at least one switching spring, so that when the outer sliding sleeve moves from a position to a switching position, the engaging element is moved by the spring to move toward the component to be engaged.
本發明之第三目的，係為避免嚙合元件立即在切換彈簧透過外滑套作動後將兩個行星齒輪組的零件相互嚙合，切換機構設有一鎖止單元，該鎖止單元可將嚙合元件於鎖止狀態時維持在自由位置上，以將彈簧的彈力儲存在移動至切換位置的外滑套上，並在一特定時間點鬆開鎖止單元將之釋放出來。尤其是為了靜止傳動輸出的要求，因此特別透過機具側的摩擦片主動制動。只要傳動輸出件，也就是與從動軸連接的行星支架，主動地制動，切換彈簧的彈力就會透過鎖止單元儲存，直到稍後的時間點，也就是在制動釋放後，鎖止單元就會被鬆開，以至嚙合元件的咬合齒可咬合在可緊固嚙合的第二零件上，如此即不會產生高額及費時的傳動同步的需求。另，若鎖止單元設有至少一鎖止件，也就是一個切換桿及/或可活動的片狀元件亦相當有利，使用切換桿即可透過電動控制器精準地操控鎖止單元，又，切換桿亦可替代性地或額外經由片狀元件以軸向位置的力量(即，由切換彈簧產生的力量)釋放，最好將此處的片狀元件活動設置於一旋轉點 上及/或透過一彈簧元件壓入鎖止位置，如此，可確保片狀元件會自動扣合或鎖止於嚙合元件上相對應的位置。此外，若鎖止單元上設有一咬合位置於嚙合元件上，並與鎖止單元相對應，是相當有利的，且咬合位置最好為一凹處及/或環繞的環形凹槽，如此，咬合位置製造時即相當節省成本，以環形凹槽設置之咬合位置具有以下優點，因嚙合元件於兩個軸向均可鎖止，嚙合元件亦可旋轉活動設置，以便鎖止件於環形凹槽中於行星齒輪組的範圍方向皆可活動。 A third object of the present invention is to prevent the engaging elements from intermeshing the parts of the two planetary gear sets after the switching spring is actuated by the outer sliding sleeve, and the switching mechanism is provided with a locking unit, which can engage the engaging elements In the locked state, it is maintained in the free position to store the spring force of the spring on the outer sliding sleeve that is moved to the switching position, and release the locking unit to release it at a certain point in time. In particular, in order to meet the requirements of the output of the stationary drive, the brake is actively braked in particular via the friction plates on the implement side. As long as the transmission output member, that is, the planetary carrier connected to the driven shaft, is actively braked, the spring force of the switching spring is stored through the locking unit until a later time point, that is, after the brake is released, the locking unit is It will be loosened so that the engaging teeth of the engaging elements can engage on the second part that can be fastened, so that there is no need for high and time consuming transmission synchronization. In addition, if the locking unit is provided with at least one locking member, that is, a switching lever and/or a movable sheet-like member, it is also advantageous to use the switching lever to accurately manipulate the locking unit through the electric controller. Alternatively, or additionally via the sheet element, the force of the axial position (ie the force generated by the switching spring) is released, preferably the sheet element is moved here at a point of rotation. The locking position is pressed up and/or by a spring element, thus ensuring that the chip element automatically snaps or locks to a corresponding position on the engaging element. In addition, if the locking unit is provided with a snapping position on the engaging element and corresponds to the locking unit, it is quite advantageous, and the engaging position is preferably a recess and/or a circumferential annular groove, so that the occlusion When the position is manufactured, it is quite cost-effective. The nip position provided by the annular groove has the following advantages. Since the engaging element can be locked in both axial directions, the engaging element can also be rotatably disposed so that the locking member is in the annular groove. It can be moved in the range of the planetary gear set.
本發明之第四目的，係切換機構至少設有一制動元件，特別是一切換桿及/或一最好可旋轉活動設置之片狀元件，並同樣與外滑套嚙合，以使其於作動狀態下可維持在切換位置上。透過制動，可明顯降低外滑套從促動器將其道引到的切換位置上發生復位的危險。 A fourth object of the present invention is to provide at least one brake element, in particular a switching lever and/or a preferably rotatably movable sheet-like member, and also engage the outer sliding sleeve to be in an actuating state. It can be maintained at the switching position. By braking, the risk of the outer sleeve being reset from the switching position to which the actuator is guided by the actuator can be significantly reduced.
本發明之第五目的，係切換機構的製造成本較為經濟，若至少設置一復位彈簧，該復位彈簧係與外滑套及/或嚙合元件相嚙合，以於外滑套從一位置移動至切換位置時可收緊，並可將外滑套從切換位置滑移至中立位置及/或將嚙合元件從咬合位置滑移至自由位置，尤其是在釋放制動件的狀態下，如此，即可節省下切換桿昂貴的額外費用，並實現如此的復位動作。 A fifth object of the present invention is that the manufacturing cost of the switching mechanism is relatively economical. If at least one return spring is provided, the return spring is engaged with the outer sliding sleeve and/or the engaging element to move the outer sliding sleeve from a position to the switching. The position can be tightened, and the outer sliding sleeve can be slid from the switching position to the neutral position and/or the engaging element can be slid from the engaged position to the free position, especially in the state in which the brake is released, thus saving The switch bar costs an extra extra and implements such a reset action.
本發明之第六目的，係行星齒輪組亦可精簡地設置，若切換機構設有一第一嚙合元件，也就是使一環齒輪可與一固定的行星齒輪組殼體緊固嚙合，以及一第二嚙合元件，也就是使一太陽齒輪可與一行星齒輪組之行星支架緊固嚙合，藉此可進一步鎖小行星齒輪組可旋轉的幅度，尤其是透過太陽齒輪與行星齒輪組之行星支架的嚙合，另，若將兩嚙合元件的切換彈簧分別設置為另一嚙合元件之復位彈簧，則行星齒輪組建構的支出亦可因此縮減。再者，行星齒輪組可旋轉幅度亦可降低，若第一嚙合元件設有一徑向內側第一部分即徑向外側第二部分，並設置為可相對活動旋轉。如此至少兩部分的其中之一，也就是徑向外側第二部分，可藉由行星齒輪組活動嚙合的零件之轉動來釋放。 According to a sixth object of the present invention, the planetary gear set can also be provided in a simplified manner. If the switching mechanism is provided with a first engaging element, that is, a ring gear can be fastened to a fixed planetary gear set housing, and a second The meshing element, that is, a sun gear can be tightly engaged with the planet carrier of a planetary gear set, thereby further locking the amplitude of the rotation of the asteroid gear set, in particular through the engagement of the sun gear with the planet carrier of the planetary gear set In addition, if the switching springs of the two engaging elements are respectively set as the return springs of the other engaging elements, the expenditure of the planetary gear set construction can also be reduced. Furthermore, the planetary gear set can also be rotated by a reduced amplitude if the first engaging element is provided with a radially inner first portion, ie a radially outer second portion, and is configured to be relatively rotatable. One of the at least two portions, that is, the radially outer second portion, can be released by the rotation of the part of the planetary gear set that is in motion engagement.
本發明之第七目的，係第一和第二嚙合元件上設置一可於行星齒輪組軸向位置一同移動之單元及/或同時相對活動旋轉，則切換機構亦 可精簡設置。 According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the first and second engaging elements are provided with a unit movable along the axial position of the planetary gear set and/or simultaneously movable relative to each other, and the switching mechanism is also Can be streamlined.
本發明之第八目的，係供第一嚙合元件使用之外滑套的切換位置與供第二嚙合元件使用之外滑套的切換位置相同時，如此這兩個嚙合元件只需要一個制動元件和一個復位彈簧，則切換機構製造成本亦可降低。 According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, when the switching position of the sliding sleeve for the first engaging member is the same as the switching position of the sliding sleeve for use of the second engaging member, the two engaging members only need one braking member and A return spring can also reduce the manufacturing cost of the switching mechanism.
本發明之第九目的，係為促動器，特別是切換桿，搭配切換凹槽，又，該切換凹槽環繞設置於一軸承外側，也就是驅動軸或與驅動軸緊固嚙合之外滑套，另，切換凹槽設有一延伸於軸承範圍方向，並向上傾斜之螺旋紋理，藉此可將驅動軸之旋轉力使用於切換動作上，得以用更高的切換力來進行切換。此外，安裝於切換機構的額外零件，如：提升電磁鐵或混和動力馬達皆可免除，亦可進一步縮小促動器尺寸，因為此元件於切換動作時僅以需要的力道含住切換凹槽，並不提供主要的推進力，這會經由傳動軸的轉動產生，並以螺旋的方式朝外滑套的軸向推進，同時，可依據至少一切換凹槽的軸承走向使外滑套以定義的接近速度接近嚙合元件，切換彈簧可進一步以相對較高的推進力作動。另，若設置一第一和第二切換凹槽，其以軸承走向位置相互咬合，亦相當有利，同時最好是第一切換凹槽於促動器介入時牽動至少一外滑套至切換位置，同時第二切換凹槽負責將外滑套復位動作的第二切換件牽引至中立位置，如此，可精確地控制外滑套的移動。又，若出現一切換凹槽於旋轉方向尾端範圍超出至軸件外徑的情況時，此亦相當有幫助，如此促動件在達到所需軸件位置後，也就是外滑套，就不會超出切換凹槽，而是可以透過移出凹槽自動回到中立位置。 The ninth object of the present invention is an actuator, particularly a switching lever, which is matched with a switching groove. Further, the switching groove is disposed around a bearing, that is, a drive shaft or a sliding engagement with the driving shaft. In addition, the switching groove is provided with a spiral texture extending in the direction of the bearing range and inclined upward, whereby the rotational force of the driving shaft can be used for the switching action, and switching can be performed with a higher switching force. In addition, additional components mounted on the switching mechanism, such as lifting electromagnets or hybrid power motors, can be eliminated, and the size of the actuator can be further reduced, because the component only contains the switching groove with the required force during the switching action. It does not provide the main propulsive force, which is generated by the rotation of the drive shaft and is propelled in a spiral manner toward the axial direction of the outer sliding sleeve. At the same time, the outer sliding sleeve can be defined in a defined manner according to the bearing direction of the at least one switching groove. The speed is close to the meshing element and the switching spring can be further actuated with a relatively high propulsive force. In addition, if a first and a second switching groove are provided, which are engaged with each other in the bearing strike position, it is also advantageous. At the same time, it is preferable that the first switching groove pulls at least one outer sliding sleeve to the switching position when the actuator is engaged. At the same time, the second switching groove is responsible for pulling the second switching member of the outer sliding sleeve resetting action to the neutral position, so that the movement of the outer sliding sleeve can be accurately controlled. Moreover, if a switching groove is present in the range of the trailing end of the rotating direction beyond the outer diameter of the shaft member, this is also quite helpful, so that after the actuator member reaches the desired shaft member position, that is, the outer sliding sleeve, Instead of going beyond the switching groove, you can automatically return to the neutral position by removing the groove.
本發明之第十目的，係若將促動器為一可電磁作動之切換桿，亦相當有益。促動器可以相當節省空間的方式設置，同時可簡單又精準地操控，此時亦可氣動式或液壓式作動至少一切換桿。 The tenth object of the present invention is also advantageous if the actuator is an electromagnetically actuable switching lever. The actuator can be arranged in a relatively space-saving manner, while being simple and precise to handle, in which case at least one switching lever can be actuated pneumatically or hydraulically.
本發明之第十一目的，係若固定設置促動件，也就是與殼體連接，則可減低結構成本此外，亦可將促動器與外滑套以行星齒輪組的軸向位置活動設置，如此，促動器即會咬合於驅動軸上的切換凹槽。 According to an eleventh object of the present invention, if the actuating member is fixedly disposed, that is, connected to the housing, the structural cost can be reduced, and the actuator and the outer sliding sleeve can be moved in the axial position of the planetary gear set. In this way, the actuator will engage the switching groove on the drive shaft.
本發明之第十二目的，係若外滑套設有一徑向內側的第一以及一徑向外側的第二部分，並可相對活動旋轉，則可縮小切換機構的移動 幅度，如此，至少兩部分的其中之一可以藉由外滑套的自轉動作釋放。 According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, if the outer sliding sleeve is provided with a radially inner first portion and a radially outer second portion, and is rotatable relative to the movable portion, the movement of the switching mechanism can be reduced. In this way, one of the at least two parts can be released by the rotation action of the outer sliding sleeve.
本發明之第十三目的，係將外滑套設置為可轉動及軸向移動設置於驅動軸上亦相當有幫助，另，外滑套亦可軸向移動並與驅動軸緊固嚙合。若外滑套可從中立位置，也就是相對的方向，經由一第一和第二切換彈簧移動至一第一和第二切換位置，亦相當有利，如此，即可縮小行星齒輪組的徑向尺寸。 According to a thirteenth object of the present invention, it is also helpful to provide the outer sliding sleeve to be rotatably and axially movable on the driving shaft. Alternatively, the outer sliding sleeve can be axially moved and fastened to the driving shaft. If the outer sliding sleeve can be moved from the neutral position, that is, the opposite direction, to the first and second switching positions via a first and second switching spring, it is also advantageous to reduce the radial direction of the planetary gear set. size.
本發明之第十四目的，係該切換機構設置有一與外滑套嚙合之第一與第二擋片，並分別設有一切換彈簧，此外，其係相互嚙合，以便於外滑套從中立位置移動至兩個切換位置中的一個時，僅兩個切換彈簧中的一個會收緊，另一個則維持在其正常位置，如此，便無須額外抵銷來自位於正常位置的切換彈簧之彈力。 According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, the switching mechanism is provided with first and second blocking pieces which are engaged with the outer sliding sleeve, and are respectively provided with a switching spring, and in addition, they are engaged with each other to facilitate the outer sliding sleeve from the neutral position. When moving to one of the two switching positions, only one of the two switching springs is tightened and the other is maintained in its normal position, so that there is no need to additionally offset the spring force from the switching spring in the normal position.
本發明之第十五目的，係於驅動軸或與其平行之副軸上設置有外滑套，該副軸係透過一直齒輪和一可控制離合器與驅動軸連接，如此，驅動軸的力矩可透過直齒輪及/或可控制離合器傳遞至副軸上，藉此達成外滑套對副軸的一次目標推進至切換位置或透過反方向的旋轉至中立位置，藉此即可達成切換機構從動側的切換。 According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, an outer sliding sleeve is disposed on a driving shaft or a parallel shaft parallel thereto, and the auxiliary shaft is coupled to the driving shaft through a straight gear and a controllable clutch, so that the torque of the driving shaft is permeable. The spur gear and/or the controllable clutch are transmitted to the countershaft, thereby achieving one target propulsion of the outer sleeve to the switching position or the rotation in the opposite direction to the neutral position, thereby achieving the driven side of the switching mechanism Switching.
本發明之第十六目的，係提供一種行星齒輪組，也就是提供工具機使用的兩段式行星齒輪組，一主要太陽齒輪、一環繞太陽齒輪之環齒輪，徑向設置於此行星齒輪組和切換機構之間，行星齒輪組為可旋轉，設置於行星支架上，又，行星齒輪組的驅動軸與太陽齒輪連接，行星齒輪組的從動軸則與行星支架連接，切換機構係依據前述實施，所述特色可個別或任意組合。 A sixteenth object of the present invention is to provide a planetary gear set, that is, a two-stage planetary gear set for use in a machine tool, a main sun gear, a ring gear surrounding the sun gear, and radially disposed on the planetary gear set Between the switching mechanism and the switching mechanism, the planetary gear set is rotatably disposed on the planetary carrier, and the driving shaft of the planetary gear set is coupled to the sun gear, and the driven shaft of the planetary gear set is coupled to the planetary carrier, and the switching mechanism is based on the foregoing Implementation, the features may be individually or in any combination.
為便 貴審查委員能對本發明目的、技術特徵及其功效，做更進一步之認識與瞭解，茲舉實施例配合圖式，詳細說明如下： For your convenience, the review committee can make a further understanding and understanding of the purpose, technical features and effects of the present invention. The embodiments are combined with the drawings, and the details are as follows:
〔習知〕無 [study] no
〔本發明〕 〔this invention〕
1‧‧‧切換機構 1‧‧‧Switching mechanism
2‧‧‧第一零件 2‧‧‧First part
3‧‧‧第二零件 3‧‧‧Second parts
4‧‧‧嚙合元件 4‧‧‧ Engagement components
5‧‧‧驅動軸 5‧‧‧Drive shaft
6‧‧‧從動軸 6‧‧‧ driven shaft
7‧‧‧外側咬合齒 7‧‧‧Outer occlusal teeth
8、9‧‧‧咬合齒 8, 9‧‧‧ bite teeth
10‧‧‧外滑套 10‧‧‧Outer slip sleeve
11‧‧‧促動器 11‧‧‧Actuator
12‧‧‧外側表面 12‧‧‧ outside surface
13‧‧‧切換凹槽 13‧‧‧Switching groove
14‧‧‧切換彈簧 14‧‧‧Switching spring
15‧‧‧復位彈簧 15‧‧‧Return spring
16、16a、16b‧‧‧基體 16, 16a, 16b‧‧‧ substrate
17、17a、17b‧‧‧鎖止單元 17, 17a, 17b‧‧‧Locking unit
18‧‧‧鎖止件 18‧‧‧Locks
19、21‧‧‧咬合位置 19, 21‧‧‧ bite position
20‧‧‧制動元件 20‧‧‧Brake components
22‧‧‧行星齒輪組 22‧‧‧ planetary gear set
23‧‧‧太陽齒輪 23‧‧‧Sun Gear
24‧‧‧環齒輪 24‧‧‧ring gear
25、27‧‧‧行星支架 25, 27‧‧‧ Planetary bracket
26‧‧‧行星軸 26‧‧‧ planet shaft
28‧‧‧第一嚙合元件 28‧‧‧First engaging element
29‧‧‧第二嚙合元件 29‧‧‧Second engagement element
30‧‧‧軸承 30‧‧‧ Bearing
31‧‧‧殼體 31‧‧‧Shell
32‧‧‧單元 32‧‧‧ unit
33‧‧‧第一咬合齒 33‧‧‧First bite teeth
34‧‧‧殼體咬合齒 34‧‧‧ housing bite teeth
35‧‧‧第一切換彈簧 35‧‧‧First switching spring
36‧‧‧第一復位彈簧 36‧‧‧First return spring
37‧‧‧第一凹槽 37‧‧‧First groove
38‧‧‧支架 38‧‧‧ bracket
39‧‧‧第二咬合齒 39‧‧‧Second bite
40‧‧‧行星支架咬合齒 40‧‧‧ Planetary bracket bite
41‧‧‧第二切換彈簧 41‧‧‧Second switching spring
42‧‧‧第二復位彈簧 42‧‧‧Second return spring
43‧‧‧第一部分 43‧‧‧Part 1
44‧‧‧第二部分 44‧‧‧Part II
45‧‧‧切換桿 45‧‧‧Switch lever
46‧‧‧片狀元件 46‧‧‧Flake components
47‧‧‧凹槽 47‧‧‧ Groove
48‧‧‧直齒輪 48‧‧‧Spur gear
49‧‧‧離合器 49‧‧‧Clutch
50‧‧‧副軸 50‧‧‧Auxiliary shaft
51‧‧‧第一嚙合位置 51‧‧‧First meshing position
52‧‧‧第二嚙合位置 52‧‧‧Second engagement position
53‧‧‧環齒輪咬合齒 53‧‧‧Ring gear bite
54‧‧‧第一擋片 54‧‧‧First baffle
55‧‧‧第二擋片 55‧‧‧second cover
第1a~1e圖為單一切換步驟之切換機構簡化示意圖；第2圖為第一實施範例的行星齒輪組與切換機構剖面圖，其中一外滑套可從中立位置移動至第一切換位置，並可移動至一個相對的第二切 換位置；第3圖為第二實施範例的行星齒輪組與切換機構剖面圖，其中一外滑套可從中立位置移動至對應兩個嚙合元件設置之切換位置；第4圖為第三實施範例的行星齒輪組與切換機構剖面圖，其中促動器與外滑套組成一可軸向移動之單元；第5圖為第四實施範例的行星齒輪組與副軸示意圖；及第6a~6d圖為第五實施範例的切換步驟示意圖，用於將環齒輪與殼體緊固嚙合。 1a~1e are simplified schematic views of a switching mechanism of a single switching step; FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the planetary gear set and switching mechanism of the first embodiment, wherein an outer sliding sleeve is movable from a neutral position to a first switching position, and Moveable to a relative second cut FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the planetary gear set and the switching mechanism of the second embodiment, wherein an outer sliding sleeve is movable from a neutral position to a switching position corresponding to the two engaging elements; FIG. 4 is a third embodiment. A cross-sectional view of the planetary gear set and the switching mechanism, wherein the actuator and the outer sliding sleeve constitute an axially movable unit; FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the planetary gear set and the auxiliary shaft of the fourth embodiment; and the sixth to sixth figures A schematic diagram of the switching step of the fifth embodiment for fastening the ring gear to the housing.
請參閱第1a~1e圖所述，其中第1a~1e圖為切換機構1之單一切換步驟簡化示意圖，依據第1a圖所示，該切換機構1環繞一第一零件2與第二零件3，其可透過嚙合元件4相互緊固連接，第一零件2係作為驅動軸5，而第二零件3則作為從動軸6，從動軸6以軸向位置固定於驅動軸5上，並可旋轉。 Please refer to Figures 1a~1e, wherein Figures 1a~1e are simplified schematic views of a single switching step of the switching mechanism 1, according to Figure 1a, the switching mechanism 1 surrounds a first part 2 and a second part 3, which can be fastened to each other through the engaging elements 4, the first part 2 serves as the drive shaft 5, and the second part 3 serves as the driven shaft 6, and the driven shaft 6 is fixed to the drive shaft 5 in the axial position. Upper and rotatable.
承上，驅動軸5設有一外側咬合齒7，並與嚙合元件4咬合，該嚙合元件4即與從動軸6緊固嚙合，並相對於此可以軸向位置從第1a圖中所示自由位置移動至第1d圖所示之咬合位置，又，在第1d圖中所示咬合位置，嚙合元件4以裝設於其前端之一咬合齒8與同樣設置於從動軸6前端的咬合齒9咬合，以至嚙合元件4將驅動軸5與從動軸6緊固嚙合。 The drive shaft 5 is provided with an outer engaging tooth 7 and is engaged with the engaging element 4, that is, the engaging element 4 is tightly engaged with the driven shaft 6, and the axial position can be free from the position shown in FIG. 1a. The position is moved to the nip position shown in Fig. 1d. Further, in the nip position shown in Fig. 1d, the engaging element 4 is attached to one of the front ends of the engaging teeth 8 and the engaging teeth also provided at the front end of the driven shaft 6. 9 is engaged so that the engaging element 4 securely engages the drive shaft 5 with the driven shaft 6.
為在一特定時間達成第一零件2與第二零件3的目標嚙合，切換機構1依據第1a圖進一步設置一外滑套10，其係與驅動軸5，也就是透過外側咬合齒7，同軸向嚙合，並可移動。該外滑套10之軸向移動係從第1a圖所示中立位置移至第1c圖所示之切換位置。在本實施例中的外滑套10僅以一個切換位置代表，但在其它實施例中，亦可設置多個切換位置。該切換位置可設置於外滑套10的移動方向及/或其相反方向。外滑套10的移動係透過促動器11達成，其中如第1a圖所示促動器11係咬合於外滑套10外側表面12上所設置之切換凹槽13，該切換凹槽13係順著外滑套10表面弧度朝斜上方延伸設置在該實施例中所示之切換凹槽13基本上為螺旋狀。 In order to achieve the target engagement of the first part 2 with the second part 3 at a specific time, the switching mechanism 1 further provides an outer sliding sleeve 10 according to FIG. 1a, which is coupled to the drive shaft 5, that is, through the outer engaging teeth 7 , meshing with the axial direction and moving. The axial movement of the outer sleeve 10 is shifted from the neutral position shown in Fig. 1a to the switching position shown in Fig. 1c. The outer sliding sleeve 10 in this embodiment is represented by only one switching position, but in other embodiments, a plurality of switching positions may also be provided. The switching position can be set in the direction of movement of the outer sleeve 10 and/or its opposite direction. The movement of the outer sleeve 10 is achieved by the actuator 11, wherein the actuator 11 is engaged with the switching groove 13 provided on the outer surface 12 of the outer sleeve 10 as shown in Fig. 1a. The switching groove 13 shown in this embodiment is provided in a substantially spiral shape so as to extend obliquely upward along the surface of the outer sliding sleeve 10.
此外，切換機構1包含一切換彈簧14以及一復位彈簧15， 該切換彈簧14以嚙合元件4與外滑套10嚙合，復位彈簧15透過與切換機構1同軸固定的基體16a、16b與可軸向移動之外滑套10嚙合。為將嚙合元件4鎖止在如第1a圖所示的自由位置，切換機構1設有一鎖止單元17，其包含設置於嚙合元件4上的鎖止件18和咬合位置19。此外，切換機構1包含一制動元件20，用以制動如第1c圖所示切換位置上的外滑套10。 In addition, the switching mechanism 1 includes a switching spring 14 and a return spring 15 . The switching spring 14 is engaged with the outer sleeve 10 by the engaging element 4, and the return spring 15 is meshed with the slide sleeve 10 which is axially movable by the base bodies 16a, 16b fixed coaxially with the switching mechanism 1. In order to lock the engagement element 4 in the free position as shown in Fig. 1a, the switching mechanism 1 is provided with a locking unit 17 comprising a locking member 18 and a snap-in position 19 provided on the engagement element 4. Furthermore, the switching mechanism 1 comprises a brake element 20 for braking the outer sleeve 10 in the switching position as shown in Fig. 1c.
承上，促動器11、鎖止件18以及制動元件20係為電磁作動之電動控制切換桿，且使用促動器11可節省外滑套10範圍的空間，並可簡單而精準地操控，又，切換桿可另外使用氣壓式或液壓式作動。 The actuator 11, the locking member 18 and the braking element 20 are electromagnetically actuated electric control switching levers, and the use of the actuator 11 saves space in the outer sliding sleeve 10 and can be easily and accurately manipulated. In addition, the switching lever can be additionally operated by pneumatic or hydraulic.
於第1a~1e圖中所示切換程序，依據第1a圖，嚙合元件4首先位於自由位置，以至於第一零件2(即，驅動軸5)和第二零件3(即，從動軸6)之間未緊固嚙合，此外，外滑套10位於中立位置，切換彈簧14和復位彈簧15為收緊。如第1a圖所示，切換機構1的初始位置唯獨靠鎖止件18啟動，故其依其形式咬合於嚙合元件4的咬合位置19，以便其能穩固維持在自由位置，因此，可避免嚙合元件4無預期靠近從動軸6，又，咬合位置19係為一環狀凹槽，以便嚙合元件4即便於鎖止的狀態下仍可與驅動軸5一起轉動。 In the switching procedure shown in Figures 1a to 1e, according to Figure 1a, the engaging element 4 is first placed in a free position such that the first part 2 (i.e., the drive shaft 5) and the second part 3 (i.e., driven) The shaft 6) is not tightly engaged, and in addition, the outer sleeve 10 is in the neutral position, and the switching spring 14 and the return spring 15 are tightened. As shown in Fig. 1a, the initial position of the switching mechanism 1 is only activated by the locking member 18, so that it engages in the engagement position 19 of the engaging member 4 in such a manner that it can be stably maintained in the free position, thereby avoiding The engaging element 4 is not expected to be close to the driven shaft 6, and the engaging position 19 is an annular groove so that the engaging element 4 can rotate together with the drive shaft 5 even in the locked state.
為開始切換程序，依據第1b圖所示，促動器11會啟動，咬合於切換凹槽13，透過驅動軸5的轉動以及螺旋狀設置的切換凹槽13，外滑套10會從第1b圖所示之中立位置移動至第1c圖所示的切換位置，圖中未顯示的驅動馬達的動力即會被使用於執行切換程序，如此，即可以明顯較高的切換力道切換，以至可以省去額外的零件，如：電磁樞或電動馬達。 In order to start the switching procedure, according to Fig. 1b, the actuator 11 is activated, engaged with the switching groove 13, through the rotation of the drive shaft 5 and the helically disposed switching groove 13, the outer sleeve 10 will be from the 1b The neutral position shown in the figure moves to the switching position shown in Fig. 1c, and the power of the driving motor not shown in the figure is used to perform the switching procedure, so that the switching force can be switched significantly higher, so that it can be saved. Go for extra parts such as electromagnetic pivots or electric motors.
如第1c圖所示，當外滑套10移動時，切換彈簧14和復位彈簧15均會收緊，與已知切換程序相反的是，並未同時嚙合驅動軸5中之嚙合元件4，因為嚙合元件4透過鎖止單元17維持在自由位置上，只要外滑套10達到其切換位置，促動器11即會從切換凹槽13退出，這可透過促動器11的主動控制達成，此外，亦可於此時間點透過切換凹槽13的設置操控，也就是依此處未顯示之實施範例中所述沿著其紋理持續縮小其深度至大約零，以至促動器11，如第1c圖所示，外滑套10之切換位置回到外滑套10之外側表面12的高度。 As shown in Fig. 1c, when the outer sleeve 10 is moved, both the switching spring 14 and the return spring 15 are tightened, and contrary to the known switching procedure, the engaging elements 4 in the drive shaft 5 are not simultaneously engaged because The engaging element 4 is maintained in the free position by the locking unit 17, and as soon as the outer sliding sleeve 10 reaches its switching position, the actuator 11 is withdrawn from the switching groove 13, which can be achieved by active control of the actuator 11, in addition At this point in time, the setting of the switching groove 13 can be controlled, that is, the depth is continuously reduced to about zero along its texture as described in the embodiment not shown here, so that the actuator 11, such as the 1c As shown, the switching position of the outer sliding sleeve 10 returns to the height of the outer side surface 12 of the outer sliding sleeve 10.
如第1c圖所示，復位彈簧15及切換彈簧14會收緊，以便朝中立位置的方向彈性牽動外滑套10，為防止外滑套10於促動器11退出時移回中立位置，制動元件20會在外滑套10到達切換位置時(如第1c圖所示)，立即咬合至外滑套10上的咬合位置21，以將外滑套10鎖定於切換位置，外滑套10上的咬合位置21係為一環狀凹槽。由於嚙合元件4透過鎖止件18固定於自由位置，外滑套10透過制動元件20固定於切換位置，彈簧(也就是切換彈簧14)的彈力，可儲存在系統中。 As shown in Fig. 1c, the return spring 15 and the switching spring 14 are tightened to elastically pull the outer sliding sleeve 10 in the direction of the neutral position, in order to prevent the outer sliding sleeve 10 from moving back to the neutral position when the actuator 11 is withdrawn, braking When the outer sliding sleeve 10 reaches the switching position (as shown in FIG. 1c), the component 20 is immediately snapped to the nip position 21 on the outer sliding sleeve 10 to lock the outer sliding sleeve 10 to the switching position on the outer sliding sleeve 10. The occlusal position 21 is an annular groove. Since the engaging element 4 is fixed in the free position by the locking member 18, the outer sliding sleeve 10 is fixed to the switching position by the braking member 20, and the spring force of the spring (that is, the switching spring 14) can be stored in the system.
為釋放儲存的彈力以藉此進行切換程序，如第1d圖所示，鎖止件18會退出，也就是鎖止件18會從嚙合元件4的咬合位置19移回。受到切換彈簧14彈力牽引朝欲嚙合之第二零件3的方向移動的嚙合元件4即會朝第二零件3(即，從動軸6)施予壓力，嚙合元件4的咬合齒8、9與從動軸6即會咬合。現在第一零件2即與第二零件3嚙合，使驅動扭力透過嚙合元件4傳遞至從動軸6上。切換彈簧14於此位置上會收緊，以至嚙合元件4無法移動至驅動側，藉此可避免嚙合元件4無預期退出，另，可設置一此處未顯示之額外的切換桿，咬合於咬合位置19，以將嚙合元件4維持在咬合位置。 In order to release the stored spring force to thereby perform the switching procedure, as shown in Fig. 1d, the locking member 18 will be withdrawn, i.e., the locking member 18 will be moved back from the engaged position 19 of the engaging member 4. The engaging element 4 which is moved by the spring of the switching spring 14 in the direction of the second part 3 to be engaged will apply pressure to the second part 3 (ie, the driven shaft 6), the engaging teeth 8 of the engaging element 4, 9 and the driven shaft 6 will engage. The first part 2 is now engaged with the second part 3, so that the driving torque is transmitted through the engaging element 4 to the driven shaft 6. The switching spring 14 is tightened at this position, so that the engaging element 4 cannot be moved to the driving side, whereby the engaging element 4 can be prevented from being unintentionally withdrawn, and an additional switching lever not shown here can be provided to engage the occlusion. Position 19 to maintain the engagement element 4 in the engaged position.
如第1e圖所示，釋放時即會將制動元件20退出，由於復位彈簧15頂住基體16，且外滑套10受到朝向其中立位置方向的彈力牽引，外滑套10便會透過復位彈簧15於制動元件20解鎖時再度移回中立位置。由於外滑套10，也就是透過切換彈簧14，與嚙合元件4嚙合，外滑套10移動至中立位置時，嚙合元件4也會再度移回自由位置。如此第一零件2(驅動軸5)與第二零件3(從動軸6)之間的緊固嚙合即會鬆開。只要嚙合元件4再度位於其自由位置，如第1a圖所示，即會重新透過鎖止件18鎖定。 As shown in Fig. 1e, the brake element 20 is withdrawn when released, since the return spring 15 is against the base body 16, and the outer sliding sleeve 10 is pulled by the elastic force toward the neutral position, the outer sliding sleeve 10 will pass through the return spring. 15 is again moved back to the neutral position when the brake element 20 is unlocked. Since the outer sleeve 10, that is, the engagement spring 4, is engaged with the engaging member 4, and the outer sleeve 10 is moved to the neutral position, the engaging member 4 is again moved back to the free position. Thus, the fastening engagement between the first part 2 (the drive shaft 5) and the second part 3 (the driven shaft 6) is released. As long as the engaging element 4 is again in its free position, as shown in Figure 1a, it will be re-locked through the locking member 18.
如此設置的切換機構1特別適用於透過一種此處未顯示之摩擦裝置，也就是一種摩擦片，來主動制動從動軸6的齒輪組。如此可在從動軸6主動制動的時間內，將驅動軸5使用的切換力透過切換彈簧14儲存，並於另一個時間點，也就是使用摩擦裝置時，釋放出來。如此不必經過昂貴又耗時的同步即可確保嚙合元件4的咬合齒8可準確地扣合至從動 軸6的咬合齒9中。 The switching mechanism 1 thus provided is particularly suitable for actively braking the gear set of the output shaft 6 via a friction device, not shown here, which is a friction lining. In this way, the switching force used by the drive shaft 5 can be stored by the switching spring 14 during the active braking of the driven shaft 6, and released at another point in time, that is, when the friction device is used. In this way, it is not necessary to go through expensive and time-consuming synchronization to ensure that the engaging teeth 8 of the engaging element 4 can be accurately engaged to the driven The biting teeth 9 of the shaft 6 are in the middle.
參閱第2~6d圖所示之行星齒輪組22的切換機構1不同的實施例，該行星齒輪組22係為兩段式，並特別為供工具機使用。 Referring to a different embodiment of the switching mechanism 1 of the planetary gear set 22 shown in Figures 2 to 6d, the planetary gear set 22 is of two stages and is particularly intended for use with a power tool.
承上，該行星齒輪組22中設有一中央太陽齒輪23，其係與驅動軸5緊固嚙合，此外，行星齒輪組22包含一可旋轉設置之環齒輪24，且該環齒輪24環繞太陽齒輪23，一行星支架25係徑向設置於太陽齒輪23與環齒輪24之間，且分別透過一行星軸26固定於另一行星支架27上，行星支架27也就是位於太陽齒輪23上，為可旋轉，並形成從動軸6。 The planetary gear set 22 is provided with a central sun gear 23 that is in fast meshing engagement with the drive shaft 5. Further, the planetary gear set 22 includes a rotatably disposed ring gear 24, and the ring gear 24 surrounds the sun gear. 23, a planet carrier 25 is radially disposed between the sun gear 23 and the ring gear 24, and is fixed to another planet carrier 27 through a planet shaft 26, which is located on the sun gear 23, and is Rotate and form the driven shaft 6.
第2圖中所示之行星齒輪組22包含一第一嚙合元件28及第二嚙合元件29，該第一與第二嚙合元件28、29共同組成一於行星齒輪組22軸向可移動的單元32，其中兩者透過一軸承30旋轉設置，第一嚙合元件28與環齒輪24緊固嚙合，並可軸向移動，第二嚙合元件29與太陽齒輪23緊固嚙合，並可軸向移動。在第一切換位置時，環齒輪24會透過第一嚙合元件28與一固定殼體31緊固嚙合。此外，第一嚙合元件28或單元32(包含第一嚙合元件28、第二嚙合元件29和一軸承30)為驅動側，也就是以驅動軸5的軸向移動，只要第一嚙合元件28從如第2圖所示的自由位置移至此處未顯示之咬合位置，一設置於第一嚙合元件28前端的第一咬合齒33即會順其形式與一殼體咬合齒34咬合，環齒輪24係透過第一嚙合元件28與殼體31緊固嚙合。 The planetary gear set 22 shown in FIG. 2 includes a first engaging element 28 and a second engaging element 29 which together form an axially movable unit of the planetary gear set 22. 32, wherein the two are rotatably disposed through a bearing 30, the first engaging member 28 is tightly engaged with the ring gear 24, and is axially movable, and the second engaging member 29 is tightly engaged with the sun gear 23 and is axially movable. In the first switching position, the ring gear 24 is in secure engagement with a stationary housing 31 through the first engagement member 28. In addition, the first engaging element 28 or unit 32 (including the first engaging element 28, the second engaging element 29 and a bearing 30) is the driving side, that is, the axial movement of the drive shaft 5 as long as the first engaging element 28 is As the free position shown in FIG. 2 is moved to the occlusal position not shown here, the first occlusal tooth 33 disposed at the front end of the first engaging element 28 will be engaged with a housing engaging tooth 34 in a form, the ring gear 24 It is fastened to the housing 31 through the first engaging element 28.
該切換程序，如第1a~1e及2圖所示之切換機構1的切換程序簡圖進行。為將環齒輪24與固定殼體31緊固嚙合，首先，與此處圖中未顯示之殼體連接的促動器11，會被置入外滑套10上的切換凹槽13，外滑套10係透過第二嚙合元件29，與太陽齒輪23或驅動軸5緊固嚙合。有鑑於切換凹槽13為螺旋設置，其於外滑套10旋轉時，會從此處圖示之中立位置驅動推進至第一切換位置。單元32於此程序其間會維持固定，因為其係透過鎖止件18咬合於單元32的咬合位置19來維持在自由位置上。 This switching procedure is performed as shown in the switching procedure diagram of the switching mechanism 1 shown in Figs. 1a to 1e and 2 . In order to fasten the ring gear 24 to the fixed housing 31, first, the actuator 11 connected to the housing not shown in the figure is placed into the switching groove 13 on the outer sliding sleeve 10, and is externally slipped. The sleeve 10 is fastened to the sun gear 23 or the drive shaft 5 through the second engagement element 29. In view of the fact that the switching groove 13 is provided in a spiral, when the outer sliding sleeve 10 is rotated, it is driven from the neutral position shown here to the first switching position. The unit 32 will remain stationary during this procedure because it is maintained in the free position by the latching member 18 engaging the snap-in position 19 of the unit 32.
復請參閱第2圖所示，外滑套10從中立位置移動至第一切換位置時，第一切換彈簧35與第一復位彈簧36會收緊，只要外滑套10達到切換位置，即會被制動元件20固定在第一切換位置上，因此，制動元件 20會咬合在一支架38(如第3圖)的第一凹槽37上，該支架38係與外滑套10緊固嚙合，並與之組成一可軸向移動的單元。 Referring to FIG. 2, when the outer sliding sleeve 10 is moved from the neutral position to the first switching position, the first switching spring 35 and the first return spring 36 are tightened, as long as the outer sliding sleeve 10 reaches the switching position, The braked element 20 is fixed in the first switching position, therefore, the braking element 20 will snap into a first recess 37 of a bracket 38 (Fig. 3) that is in intimate engagement with the outer sleeve 10 and that forms an axially moveable unit therewith.
復請參閱第2圖所示，為將第一嚙合元件28與殼體31嚙合，鎖止件18會釋放，以便收緊的第一切換彈簧35可從驅動側移動單元32或第一嚙合元件28，使第一嚙合元件28與殼體31咬合，環齒輪24即與殼體31緊固嚙合。 Referring to FIG. 2, in order to engage the first engaging element 28 with the housing 31, the locking member 18 is released, so that the tightened first switching spring 35 can move the unit 32 or the first engaging element from the driving side. 28, the first engaging element 28 is engaged with the housing 31, and the ring gear 24 is in tight engagement with the housing 31.
復請參閱第2圖所示，為釋放制動元件20即會將之退出，以便第一復位彈簧36可將支架38連同外滑套10從驅動側移動至中間的中立位置，由於單元32與外滑套10係透過一第一切換彈簧35嚙合，該第一嚙合元件28亦會從咬合位置移回自由位置。 Referring to FIG. 2, in order to release the brake element 20, it will be withdrawn, so that the first return spring 36 can move the bracket 38 together with the outer sliding sleeve 10 from the driving side to the intermediate neutral position, due to the unit 32 and The sliding sleeve 10 is engaged by a first switching spring 35, and the first engaging member 28 is also moved back from the engaged position to the free position.
如第2圖所示之行星齒輪組22的第二段，驅動側的行星支架27透過第二嚙合元件29與太陽齒輪23或驅動軸5緊固嚙合，因此，第二嚙合元件29或單元32會驅動推進，直到一設置於單元32前端的第二咬合齒39，也就是第二嚙合元件29，與一設置於前端的行星支架咬合齒40咬合。 As in the second stage of the planetary gear set 22 shown in FIG. 2, the planetary carrier 27 on the driving side is in tight meshing engagement with the sun gear 23 or the drive shaft 5 via the second engaging element 29, and thus the second engaging element 29 or unit 32 The advancement is driven until a second engaging tooth 39 disposed at the front end of the unit 32, that is, the second engaging member 29, engages with a planet carrier engaging tooth 40 disposed at the front end.
復請參閱第2~6d圖所示，第二切換程序的進行方式與第一切換程序類似，其中差異係在於一與第一切換程序相對之外滑套10、支架38，以及稍後的第二嚙合元件29朝從動軸的方向移動。因此切換機構1係設有一第二切換彈簧41，以及第二復位彈簧42，第二復位彈簧42相對於第一復位彈簧36，與行星齒輪組22之軸向相反，第二切換彈簧41與第一切換彈簧35亦同。 Referring to Figures 2~6d, the second switching procedure is performed in a manner similar to the first switching procedure, wherein the difference is in the opposite of the first switching procedure, the sliding sleeve 10, the bracket 38, and the later The two engaging elements 29 move in the direction of the driven shaft. Therefore, the switching mechanism 1 is provided with a second switching spring 41 and a second return spring 42 which is opposite to the axial direction of the planetary gear set 22 with respect to the first return spring 36, and the second switching spring 41 and the second A switching spring 35 is also the same.
如第2圖所示之實施例，外滑套10上僅設有單一的切換凹槽13，為將外滑套10從中立位置移動至第一切換位置(驅動側推移)和第二切換位置(從動側切換位置)必須改變驅動軸5的旋轉方向，如一此處未顯示之實施例，外滑套10上亦可設置多個切換凹槽13，其分別對應至少一促動器11，以便外滑套10於類似之切換凹槽13結構，可從中立位置移動至第一或第二切換位置再移回中立位置。於此種實施範例可最少省去復位彈簧36、42的其中之一。 As shown in the second embodiment, the outer sliding sleeve 10 is provided with only a single switching groove 13 for moving the outer sliding sleeve 10 from the neutral position to the first switching position (drive side shift) and the second switching position. (the driven side switching position) must change the direction of rotation of the drive shaft 5, as an embodiment not shown here, the outer sliding sleeve 10 can also be provided with a plurality of switching grooves 13 corresponding to at least one actuator 11, respectively. The outer sleeve 10 can be moved from the neutral position to the first or second switching position and back to the neutral position in a similar manner to the switching groove 13 configuration. In such an embodiment, at least one of the return springs 36, 42 can be omitted.
第3圖所示為另一行星齒輪組22實施方式，其中切換機構 1之設置可縮小旋轉幅度，與上述實施例之差異在於，如第3圖所示實施例，兩階段的切換動作以相同方向進行，也就是透過一從動側之外滑套10以及第一和第二嚙合元件28、29的移動。 Figure 3 shows another planetary gear set 22 embodiment in which the switching mechanism The setting of 1 can reduce the rotation amplitude, and the difference from the above embodiment is that, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the two-stage switching operation is performed in the same direction, that is, the sliding sleeve 10 and the first through the driven side. And movement of the second engagement elements 28, 29.
復請參閱第3圖所示，第一嚙合元件28係透過軸承30帶動之外滑套10的旋轉得以釋放，也就是透過其徑向外側咬合齒與此處未顯示之殼體緊固嚙合，並可軸向移動。此外，第一嚙合元件28係與外滑套10之支架38嚙合，並可旋轉設置於外滑套10之上，為將環齒輪24與此處未揭示之殼體緊固嚙合，第一嚙合元件28會朝從動軸的方向移動，使第一嚙合元件28的嚙合齒與環齒輪24之輪齒互相咬合，如此第一嚙合元件28便無法轉動。 Referring to FIG. 3, the first engaging element 28 is driven by the bearing 30 to release the rotation of the sliding sleeve 10, that is, through the radially outer engaging teeth and the housing not shown here. It can move axially. In addition, the first engaging element 28 is engaged with the bracket 38 of the outer sliding sleeve 10 and is rotatably disposed on the outer sliding sleeve 10 for fastening the ring gear 24 to the housing not disclosed herein. The element 28 is moved in the direction of the driven shaft such that the meshing teeth of the first engaging element 28 engage the teeth of the ring gear 24 such that the first engaging element 28 cannot rotate.
承上，本實施例的第二嚙合元件29亦無法轉動，因此第二嚙合元件29係為兩段式，一徑向內側第一部分43係與太陽齒輪23或驅動軸5緊固嚙合，並可軸向移動，徑向外側第二部分44係相反地透過軸承30帶動的轉動釋放，此外，第二部分44與同樣轉動釋放之外滑套10的支架38嚙合，針對兩個嚙合元件28、29分別設置有個別的鎖止單元17a、17b，使其可於切換程序進行時，個別獨立解鎖。 The second engaging element 29 of the present embodiment is also unable to rotate, so that the second engaging element 29 is of a two-stage type, and a radially inner first portion 43 is fastened to the sun gear 23 or the drive shaft 5, and In the axial direction, the radially outer second portion 44 is reversely rotated by the rotation of the bearing 30. Further, the second portion 44 is engaged with the bracket 38 of the sleeve 10 which is also rotationally released, for the two engaging elements 28, 29 Individual locking units 17a, 17b are provided, respectively, so that they can be individually unlocked independently when the switching process is performed.
復請參閱第3圖所示，該等鎖止單元17a、17b以及為兩個切換階段共同設置之制動元件20之制動單元，分別包含一個切換桿45，一個可活動的片狀元件46以及一個凹槽47之咬合位置19(如第2圖)。為保持內容清楚，以下將以關聯性符號表示第一嚙合元件28之鎖止單元17a。 Referring to FIG. 3, the locking units 17a, 17b and the braking unit of the braking element 20 which are provided jointly for the two switching stages respectively comprise a switching lever 45, a movable sheet member 46 and a The nip position 19 of the groove 47 (as shown in Fig. 2). In order to keep the content clear, the locking unit 17a of the first engaging element 28 will be denoted by an associated symbol hereinafter.
如第3圖所示外滑套10的中立位置或第一和第二嚙合元件28、29的自由位置，其軸向移動均朝向驅動軸的方向定位，兩鎖止單元17a、17b咬合於第一和第二嚙合元件28、29之個別咬合位置19(如第2圖)，使其可維持在其個別的自由位置。 As shown in Fig. 3, the neutral position of the outer sleeve 10 or the free positions of the first and second engaging elements 28, 29 are axially displaced toward the direction of the drive shaft, and the two locking units 17a, 17b are engaged The individual engagement positions 19 of the first and second engagement elements 28, 29 (as in Figure 2) are maintained in their individual free positions.
復請參閱第3圖所示，為開始切換程序，促動器11會被導入切換凹槽13，由於外滑套10與驅動軸5為可緊固嚙合，且相對應的切換凹槽13為螺旋狀設置，外滑套10會朝從動軸的方向移動，同時，一方面復位彈簧15，另一方面第一及第二切換彈簧35、41則會收緊。於此，復位彈簧15暨用於支配第一嚙合元件28，也用於支配第二嚙合元件29，只要 外滑套10達到其設置於從動側的切換位置，其便會受到制動元件20制動，同時，制動元件20之片狀元件46會自動扣合於支架38之凹槽。與此同時，促動器11會透過主動操控或透過適度縮減切換凹槽13深度被導引出切換凹槽13。第一與第二切換彈簧35、41之彈簧彈力會透過將外滑套10制動於切換位置以及透過將第一及第二嚙合元件28、29鎖止於自由位置上來儲存於系統中。 Referring to FIG. 3, in order to start the switching procedure, the actuator 11 is introduced into the switching groove 13, since the outer sliding sleeve 10 and the driving shaft 5 are fast-engageable, and the corresponding switching groove 13 is In a spiral arrangement, the outer sleeve 10 is moved in the direction of the driven shaft, and at the same time, the spring 15 is returned on the one hand, and the first and second switching springs 35, 41 are tightened on the other hand. Here, the return spring 15 is used to administer the first engaging element 28, and is also used to dictate the second engaging element 29 as long as The outer sleeve 10 reaches its switching position on the driven side, which is braked by the brake element 20, while the sheet element 46 of the brake element 20 automatically snaps into the recess of the bracket 38. At the same time, the actuator 11 is guided out of the switching groove 13 by active control or by appropriately reducing the depth of the switching groove 13. The spring force of the first and second switching springs 35, 41 is stored in the system by braking the outer sleeve 10 in the switching position and by locking the first and second engagement members 28, 29 in the free position.
復請參閱第3圖所示，於任意時間點，也就是當一此處未揭示之從動軸6之摩擦片釋放後，儲存的彈力即會透過鬆開兩個鎖止單元17a、17b釋放出來。但一次只會鬆開鎖止單元17a、17b其中的一個，絕不會同時鬆開兩個，因此，假設在第二鎖止單元17b解鎖時，第二嚙合元件29即會從其自由位置移動至一咬合位置，此外，設置於與太陽齒輪23可緊固嚙合之第一部分43前端的咬合齒與行星支架27相咬合，使太陽齒輪23與行星支架27緊固嚙合。 Referring to FIG. 3, at any time point, that is, when the friction plate of the driven shaft 6 not disclosed herein is released, the stored elastic force is released by releasing the two locking units 17a, 17b. come out. However, only one of the locking units 17a, 17b is released at a time, and the two are never released at the same time. Therefore, it is assumed that when the second locking unit 17b is unlocked, the second engaging element 29 is moved from its free position to In a bite position, in addition, the engaging teeth provided at the front end of the first portion 43 that is in inseligible engagement with the sun gear 23 mesh with the planet carrier 27 to securely engage the sun gear 23 with the planet carrier 27.
承上，為將第二嚙合元件29移回自由位置，制動元件20會於預定的時間鬆開，以使外滑套10與其支架38從切換位置移回中立位置，這主要透過復位彈簧15將外滑套10朝其中立位置的方向彈力牽引。亦可另行或額外將此處未設置之嚙合元件的切換彈簧35、41設置於第二嚙合元件29的範例中作為復位彈簧之用。由於範例敘述之切換程序中，第一切換彈簧35並未釋放，因此會對支架38與外滑套10施予朝向驅動軸方向的彈力，因此，復位彈簧15亦可省去，因為將外滑套10復位至中立位置或將第二嚙合元件29復位至自由位置可透過第一切換彈簧35達成。只要第二嚙合元件29再度移回自由位置，就會受到鎖止單元17b自動鎖止。 In order to move the second engaging element 29 back to the free position, the braking element 20 will be released at a predetermined time to move the outer sliding sleeve 10 and its bracket 38 from the switching position back to the neutral position, mainly through the return spring 15 The outer sliding sleeve 10 is elastically pulled in the direction of the neutral position. The switching springs 35, 41 of the engaging elements, which are not provided here, can also be provided separately or additionally in the example of the second engaging elements 29 as a return spring. In the switching procedure of the example, the first switching spring 35 is not released, so the bracket 38 and the outer sliding sleeve 10 are biased toward the driving shaft. Therefore, the return spring 15 can also be omitted because the outer sliding member Resetting the sleeve 10 to the neutral position or resetting the second engagement element 29 to the free position is achieved by the first switching spring 35. As long as the second engaging element 29 is moved back to the free position again, it is automatically locked by the locking unit 17b.
參閱第4圖所示，係一行星齒輪組22的第三實施例，其中該行星齒輪組係主要依據第3圖所示兩實施範例設置從動側，差異在於此第三實施範例未設置個別的復位彈簧15(比較第3圖)，相反地，如先前所實施，未解鎖嚙合元件28、29個別的切換彈簧35、41於此的作用，如同外滑套10以及個別移動至咬合位置之嚙合元件28、29的復位彈簧15，此外，外滑套10與其支架38為一體。 Referring to FIG. 4, a third embodiment of a planetary gear set 22, wherein the planetary gear set is mainly provided with the driven side according to the two embodiments shown in FIG. 3, the difference is not set individually in the third embodiment. Return spring 15 (compare Fig. 3), conversely, as previously implemented, the individual switching springs 35, 41 of the unlatched engagement elements 28, 29 act like the outer sleeve 10 and individually move to the nip position The return spring 15 of the engaging elements 28, 29, in addition, the outer sliding sleeve 10 is integral with its bracket 38.
如第4圖所示之實施例，外滑套10完全透過驅動軸5的旋 轉釋放，此處的切換凹槽13並非設置於外滑套10，而是設置於驅動軸5之外側表面，促動器11與外滑套10係為固定連接，以便可將其以行星齒輪組22的軸向位置(相對於驅動軸5)移動設置。只要將促動器11導引至切換凹槽13，外滑套10、支架38以及促動器11將一起從中立位置朝從動側的方向移動至切換位置，透過此配置，行星齒輪組22的可旋轉幅度將會減少更多。 As in the embodiment shown in Fig. 4, the outer sleeve 10 is completely transmitted through the drive shaft 5 The release groove 13 is not disposed on the outer sliding sleeve 10 but on the outer side surface of the drive shaft 5, and the actuator 11 and the outer sliding sleeve 10 are fixedly connected so that they can be used as planetary gears. The axial position of group 22 (relative to drive shaft 5) is moved. As long as the actuator 11 is guided to the switching groove 13, the outer sleeve 10, the bracket 38 and the actuator 11 will move together from the neutral position toward the driven side to the switching position. With this configuration, the planetary gear set 22 The rotatable amplitude will be reduced more.
第5圖顯示行星齒輪組22的第四實施例，從動側的行星齒輪組22基本上與第二及第三實施例相同，主要的差異在於驅動軸5的驅動力透過一個直齒輪48以及一個可操控的離合器49傳遞至一副軸50上，於此從動側的行星齒輪組22切換亦可達成，與先前實施範例相反，外滑套10並不會持續轉動，而是透過離合器49於中立位置和切換位置之間移動，故此，離合器會於開始切換程序時關閉，以將驅動軸5的驅動力傳遞至副軸50上。 Fig. 5 shows a fourth embodiment of the planetary gear set 22, the driven side planetary gear set 22 being substantially identical to the second and third embodiments, the main difference being that the driving force of the drive shaft 5 is transmitted through a spur gear 48 and A steerable clutch 49 is transmitted to a countershaft 50, and switching of the planetary gear set 22 on the driven side is also possible. Contrary to the previous embodiment, the outer sleeve 10 does not continue to rotate but passes through the clutch 49. Moving between the neutral position and the switching position, the clutch is closed when the switching procedure is started to transmit the driving force of the drive shaft 5 to the counter shaft 50.
復請參閱第5圖所示，與副軸50緊固嚙合且可軸向移動的外滑套10會透過介入的促動器11從中立位置移動至切換位置，如此，根據先前的實施例，第一與第二切換彈簧35、41以及復位彈簧15即會收緊，只要外滑套10達到切換位置，離合器49即會解開，避免驅動力再從驅動軸5傳遞至副軸50，促動器11的作用如同制動元件，兩嚙合元件28、29嵌入後，該元件與外滑套10即會透過促動器11或制動元件20的釋放移回中立位置或自由位置，另，此處所需的力量，如同先前實施範例，須透過復位彈簧15產生。 Referring to FIG. 5, the outer sleeve 10, which is in meshing engagement with the countershaft 50 and axially movable, is moved from the neutral position to the switching position by the intervening actuator 11, thus, according to the previous embodiment, The first and second switching springs 35, 41 and the return spring 15 are tightened. As long as the outer sliding sleeve 10 reaches the switching position, the clutch 49 is disengaged, and the driving force is prevented from being transmitted from the driving shaft 5 to the counter shaft 50. The action of the actuator 11 is like a brake element. After the two engagement elements 28, 29 are embedded, the element and the outer sleeve 10 are moved back to the neutral position or free position by the release of the actuator 11 or the brake element 20, and here, The required force, as in the previous embodiment, must be generated by the return spring 15.
參閱第6a~6d圖所示，係一可儲存切換能量之行星齒輪組22的第五實施例，根據先前實施例，行星齒輪組22包含一第一嚙合元件28以及第二嚙合元件29，又，該等嚙合元件28、29共同組成一可於行星齒輪組22之軸向移動單元32，此外，其係透過軸承30設置為可相互對應旋轉，第一嚙合元件28於第一嚙合位置51與此處未揭示之行星齒輪組22的殼體緊固嚙合，並可軸向移動，第二嚙合元件29相反地與太陽齒輪23緊固嚙合，並可軸向移動，如此，第一嚙合元件28即固定設置，而第二嚙合元件29則由於與太陽齒輪緊固嚙合於第二嚙合位置因此會一起轉動。 Referring to Figures 6a-6d, there is shown a fifth embodiment of a planetary gear set 22 that can store switching energy. According to the previous embodiment, the planetary gear set 22 includes a first engaging element 28 and a second engaging element 29, The engaging elements 28, 29 together form an axially movable unit 32 for the planetary gear set 22, and further, are disposed through the bearing 30 so as to be rotatable relative to each other, the first engaging element 28 being at the first engaging position 51 and The housing of the planetary gear set 22, not disclosed herein, is in tight engagement and axially movable, and the second engagement member 29 is in reverse engagement with the sun gear 23 and is axially movable, such that the first engagement member 28 That is, the fixing member 29 is fixedly disposed, and the second engaging member 29 is rotated together due to the fastening engagement with the sun gear at the second meshing position.
承上，於第一切換位置，環齒輪24會透過第一嚙合元件28與固定的殼體緊固嚙合，此外，第一嚙合元件28或單元32(包含第一嚙合元件28、第二嚙合元件29以及軸承30)朝驅動軸5的方向移動，只要第一嚙合元件28從第6a圖所示的自由位置移動至第6d圖所示的咬合位置，一設置於第一嚙合元件28內側的第一咬合齒33即會順其形式咬合環齒輪24的環齒輪咬合齒53，使環齒輪24可透過第一嚙合元件28與此處未揭示的固定殼體或殼體零件於第一嚙合位置51上嚙合。 In the first switching position, the ring gear 24 is fastened to the fixed housing through the first engaging element 28, and further, the first engaging element 28 or the unit 32 (including the first engaging element 28 and the second engaging element) 29 and the bearing 30) are moved in the direction of the drive shaft 5 as long as the first engaging element 28 is moved from the free position shown in FIG. 6a to the engaged position shown in FIG. 6d, and is disposed on the inner side of the first engaging element 28. A bite tooth 33 will engage the ring gear biting teeth 53 of the ring gear 24 in a manner that allows the ring gear 24 to pass through the first engaging element 28 and the fixed housing or housing part not disclosed herein at the first meshing position 51. Engage on.
切換機構1的切換程序係根據第6a~6d圖之圖式程序進行，即從第6a圖所示之切換機構1的中立位置(其中兩嚙合元件28、29皆未嚙合)，根據第6b圖首先將促動器11導引至驅動軸5的切換凹槽13，以將環齒輪24與固定的殼體緊固嚙合。如此，外滑套10即透過驅動軸5的轉動完全釋放，因為切換凹槽13並非設置於外滑套10上，而是設置於驅動軸5外側表面12，促動器11與外滑套10係為固定連接，以便可將其以行星齒輪組22的軸向位置(相對於驅動軸5)移動設置。 The switching procedure of the switching mechanism 1 is performed according to the pattern program of Figs. 6a to 6d, that is, from the neutral position of the switching mechanism 1 shown in Fig. 6a (where the two engaging elements 28, 29 are not engaged), according to Fig. 6b The actuator 11 is first guided to the switching groove 13 of the drive shaft 5 to securely engage the ring gear 24 with the fixed housing. Thus, the outer sliding sleeve 10 is completely released by the rotation of the driving shaft 5, because the switching groove 13 is not disposed on the outer sliding sleeve 10, but is disposed on the outer side surface 12 of the driving shaft 5, and the actuator 11 and the outer sliding sleeve 10 It is a fixed connection so that it can be moved in the axial position of the planetary gear set 22 (relative to the drive shaft 5).
只要將促動器11導引至切換凹槽13，根據第6b圖所示，外滑套10連同促動器11、支架38以及一第一擋片54所組成的移動單元，即會循螺旋設置的切換凹槽13從中立位置朝從動軸的方向移動至切換位置，又，單元32會在此程序進行時維持固定，因為此單元係透過咬合於該單元32之咬合位置19的鎖止件18維持在自由位置。外滑套10從中立位置移動至切換位置時，一切換機構1的第一切換彈簧35和第一復位彈簧36於切換機構1將會收緊。第一切換彈簧35將於第一擋片54以及第一嚙合元件28之間(相對於此，第一擋片54設置為可軸向移動)收緊，第一復位彈簧36會於支架38與殼體連接之基體16b之間收緊。 As long as the actuator 11 is guided to the switching groove 13, according to FIG. 6b, the outer sliding sleeve 10 together with the moving unit composed of the actuator 11, the bracket 38 and the first blocking piece 54 is spiraled. The set switching groove 13 is moved from the neutral position toward the driven shaft to the switching position, and the unit 32 remains fixed during the execution of the program because the unit is locked by the snap-in position 19 engaged with the unit 32. The piece 18 is maintained in a free position. When the outer sliding sleeve 10 is moved from the neutral position to the switching position, the first switching spring 35 of the switching mechanism 1 and the first return spring 36 are tightened at the switching mechanism 1. The first switching spring 35 will be tightened between the first flap 54 and the first engaging element 28 (relatively, the first flap 54 is arranged to be axially movable), and the first return spring 36 will be engaged with the bracket 38 and The bases 16b to which the housings are connected are tightened.
只要外滑套10達到第6b圖所示之切換位置該外滑套或支架38即會如第6c圖所示受到一制動元件20制動於第一切換位置，為此，制動元件20會咬合於支架38的第一凹槽37，切換機構1現在會透過驅動軸5提升驅動力並儲存此能量，直到切換程序透過鎖止件18啟動為止。 As long as the outer sleeve 10 reaches the switching position shown in Fig. 6b, the outer sleeve or bracket 38 is braked in the first switching position by a brake element 20 as shown in Fig. 6c. For this purpose, the brake element 20 will engage. The first recess 37 of the bracket 38, the switching mechanism 1 now lifts the driving force through the drive shaft 5 and stores this energy until the switching procedure is initiated by the locking member 18.
為將環齒輪24與此處圖中未顯示的殼體緊固嚙合，如第6d圖所示，鎖止件18會解鎖，其中收緊或拉緊的第一切換彈簧35會將單 元32或第一嚙合元件28朝驅動軸的方向推動，以使第一嚙合元件28之第一咬合齒33與環齒輪咬合齒53相互咬合，環齒輪24現在與此處無圖示之行星齒輪組22的殼體緊固嚙合，其中兩個切換彈簧35、41均未收緊，僅剩第一復位彈簧36仍為收緊狀態。 In order to fasten the ring gear 24 to the housing not shown in the figure, as shown in Fig. 6d, the locking member 18 is unlocked, wherein the first switching spring 35 that is tightened or tightened will be single. The element 32 or the first engaging element 28 is pushed in the direction of the drive shaft such that the first engaging teeth 33 of the first engaging element 28 and the ring gear engaging teeth 53 are engaged with each other, and the ring gear 24 is now meshed with a planetary gear not shown here. The housings of the group 22 are in tightened engagement, wherein neither of the two switching springs 35, 41 are tightened, leaving only the first return spring 36 still in a tightened state.
為釋放制動元件20必須將其鬆開或從第一凹槽37退出，其中收緊的第一復位彈簧36會將支架38連同外滑套10朝從動軸的方向移回第6a圖中所示的中間的中立位置。同時，第一嚙合元件28會從咬合位置移回自由位置，因為單元32會透過第二擋片55以及第二切換彈簧41與支架38或外滑套10嚙合，如此，第一嚙合元件28的第一咬合齒33即不會咬合於環齒輪24的環齒輪咬合齒53上。 In order to release the brake element 20 it must be loosened or withdrawn from the first recess 37, wherein the tightened first return spring 36 will move the bracket 38 together with the outer sleeve 10 in the direction of the driven shaft back to Fig. 6a The neutral position in the middle of the show. At the same time, the first engaging element 28 will move back from the engaged position to the free position, because the unit 32 will mesh with the bracket 38 or the outer sleeve 10 through the second flap 55 and the second switching spring 41, thus, the first engaging element 28 The first engaging teeth 33 do not engage with the ring gear engaging teeth 53 of the ring gear 24.
透過第二嚙合元件29的第二咬合齒39，咬合於行星支架27的行星支架咬合齒40來緊固嚙合太陽齒輪23與行星支架27的第二切換程序，基本上以相似的方式達成，因此，外滑套10會朝從動軸6的方向移動(於驅動軸5反轉時或於第二個與第一個切換凹槽13相當的、逆向仰角設置的第二切換凹槽時)，只要促動器11咬合於切換凹槽13時。同時，第二切換彈簧41，也就是透過第二擋片55的移動，以及第二復位彈簧42會收緊，因為單元32透過鎖止件18維持在中立位置上。只要一釋放鎖止件18，第二切換彈簧41即會釋放其彈力，其中第二嚙合元件29會朝從動軸的方向移動，而第二咬合齒39即會咬合於行星支架咬合齒40，又，現在太陽齒輪23和行星支架27即相互緊固嚙合。 Passing through the second engaging teeth 39 of the second engaging element 29, engaging the planet carrier engaging teeth 40 of the planet carrier 27 to secure the second switching procedure of engaging the sun gear 23 with the planet carrier 27, substantially in a similar manner, thus , the outer sliding sleeve 10 will move in the direction of the driven shaft 6 (when the driving shaft 5 is reversed or when the second second switching groove is set at a reverse elevation angle corresponding to the first switching groove 13), As long as the actuator 11 is engaged with the switching groove 13. At the same time, the second switching spring 41, that is, the movement through the second flap 55, and the second return spring 42 are tightened because the unit 32 is maintained in the neutral position by the locking member 18. As soon as the locking member 18 is released, the second switching spring 41 releases its elastic force, wherein the second engaging element 29 moves in the direction of the driven shaft, and the second engaging tooth 39 snaps into the planet carrier engaging teeth 40. Further, the sun gear 23 and the planet carrier 27 are now tightly engaged with each other.
為釋放制動元件20會將其鬆開，其中收緊的第二復位彈簧42會將支架38連同外滑套10朝從動軸的方向移回中間的中立位置，同時，第二嚙合元件29會從咬合位置移回自由位置，因為單元32會透過第一擋片54以及第一切換彈簧35與支架38或外滑套10嚙合，第二嚙合元件29的第二咬合齒39便不再咬合於行星支架咬合齒40上。 The release of the brake element 20 will release it, wherein the tightened second return spring 42 will move the bracket 38 together with the outer sleeve 10 in the direction of the driven shaft back to the intermediate neutral position, while the second engagement element 29 will Moving back from the engaged position to the free position, because the unit 32 is engaged with the bracket 38 or the outer sleeve 10 through the first flap 54 and the first switching spring 35, the second engaging teeth 39 of the second engaging element 29 are no longer engaged. The planet carrier engages the teeth 40.
第6a~6d圖所示之第五實施例的好處在於，所有電動促動器(即，促動器11、鎖止件18以及制動元件20)透過旋轉即會釋放，此外，鎖止件18及制動元件20與殼體緊固嚙合，再加上切換機構1上設有對稱旋轉而不相相互牽制的組件，此外，切換機構1可預先組裝，並可組 裝於行星齒輪組22上，同時，亦可依據第五實施例作為結構使用，僅將執行器的切換桿(即，促動器11、鎖止件18，以及制動元件20的切換桿)設置於油腔，且可為切換彈簧35、41及/或復位彈簧36、42的彈簧組件設置不同的力道。 The fifth embodiment shown in Figs. 6a to 6d is advantageous in that all of the electric actuators (i.e., the actuator 11, the lock member 18, and the brake member 20) are released by rotation, and further, the lock member 18 is released. And the brake element 20 is tightly engaged with the housing, and the components of the switching mechanism 1 are provided with symmetric rotation without being mutually restrained. In addition, the switching mechanism 1 can be pre-assembled and can be assembled. Mounted on the planetary gear set 22, and can also be used as a structure according to the fifth embodiment, only the switching levers of the actuators (ie, the actuator 11, the locking member 18, and the switching lever of the braking element 20) are set. In the oil chamber, different force paths can be provided for the spring assemblies of the switching springs 35, 41 and/or the return springs 36, 42.
按，以上所述，僅係本發明之較佳實施例，惟，本發明所主張之權利範圍，並不侷限於此，按凡熟悉該項技藝人士，依據本發明所揭露之技術內容，可輕易思及之等效變化，均應屬不脫離本發明之保護範疇。 The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the claims of the present invention is not limited thereto, and according to those skilled in the art, according to the technical content disclosed in the present invention, Equivalent changes that are easily considered are within the scope of protection of the invention.
1‧‧‧切換機構 1‧‧‧Switching mechanism
5‧‧‧驅動軸 5‧‧‧Drive shaft
6‧‧‧從動軸 6‧‧‧ driven shaft
10‧‧‧外滑套 10‧‧‧Outer slip sleeve
11‧‧‧促動器 11‧‧‧Actuator
12‧‧‧外側表面 12‧‧‧ outside surface
13‧‧‧切換凹槽 13‧‧‧Switching groove
16a、16b‧‧‧基體 16a, 16b‧‧‧ substrate
17‧‧‧鎖止單元 17‧‧‧Locking unit
18‧‧‧鎖止件 18‧‧‧Locks
19、21‧‧‧咬合位置 19, 21‧‧‧ bite position
20‧‧‧制動元件 20‧‧‧Brake components
22‧‧‧行星齒輪組 22‧‧‧ planetary gear set
23‧‧‧太陽齒輪 23‧‧‧Sun Gear
24‧‧‧環齒輪 24‧‧‧ring gear
25、27‧‧‧行星支架 25, 27‧‧‧ Planetary bracket
26‧‧‧行星軸 26‧‧‧ planet shaft
28‧‧‧第一嚙合元件 28‧‧‧First engaging element
29‧‧‧第二嚙合元件 29‧‧‧Second engagement element
30‧‧‧軸承 30‧‧‧ Bearing
31‧‧‧殼體 31‧‧‧Shell
32‧‧‧單元 32‧‧‧ unit
33‧‧‧第一咬合齒 33‧‧‧First bite teeth
34‧‧‧殼體咬合齒 34‧‧‧ housing bite teeth
35‧‧‧第一切換彈簧 35‧‧‧First switching spring
36‧‧‧第一復位彈簧 36‧‧‧First return spring
37‧‧‧第一凹槽 37‧‧‧First groove
39‧‧‧第二咬合齒 39‧‧‧Second bite
40‧‧‧行星支架咬合齒 40‧‧‧ Planetary bracket bite
41‧‧‧第二切換彈簧 41‧‧‧Second switching spring
42‧‧‧第二復位彈簧 42‧‧‧Second return spring
Claims (16)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012223792.5A DE102012223792A1 (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2012-12-19 | Switching device for a planetary gear |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW201425780A true TW201425780A (en) | 2014-07-01 |
Family
ID=49578287
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW102146886A TW201425780A (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2013-12-18 | Shift device for a planetary gearing |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE102012223792A1 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW201425780A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014095157A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113236772A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-10 | 华南理工大学 | Gear shifting device and power assisting instrument comprising same |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021207134A1 (en) | 2021-07-07 | 2023-01-12 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Torque transmission device for transmitting a torque from an input shaft to an output shaft arranged coaxially to the input shaft |
| DE102021210676A1 (en) | 2021-09-24 | 2023-03-30 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Coupling device for a motor vehicle |
| DE102022109199B4 (en) | 2022-04-14 | 2024-01-25 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Sliding device and device for coupling and uncoupling two shafts and electric axle drive device for a hybrid or electric vehicle |
| DE102022109198B4 (en) | 2022-04-14 | 2024-02-01 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Sliding device and device for coupling and uncoupling two shafts and electric axle drive device for a hybrid or electric vehicle |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB325263A (en) * | 1928-11-15 | 1930-02-17 | John Neville Morris | Improvements in means for facilitating the changing of gears on motor vehicles |
| DE1128715B (en) * | 1959-12-03 | 1962-04-26 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen | By changing the direction of rotation of the drive, switchable epicyclic gearbox |
| US4449416A (en) * | 1981-09-04 | 1984-05-22 | J. I. Case Company | Transmission control system |
| DE19917673A1 (en) | 1999-04-19 | 2000-10-26 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen | Switching device for 2-stage planetary drive has electromagnetic setting element controlling sliding cuff for coupling hollow wheel of planetary drive with drive housing or sun wheel |
| DE10241006A1 (en) * | 2002-09-05 | 2004-03-25 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Electromagnetic switching device of a two-stage planetary gear |
| DE102008000635A1 (en) * | 2008-03-13 | 2009-09-17 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Arrangement for actuating at least one switching device of a transmission |
| DE102009054942A1 (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2011-06-22 | ZF Friedrichshafen AG, 88046 | Switching device for a change-speed gearbox |
-
2012
- 2012-12-19 DE DE102012223792.5A patent/DE102012223792A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2013
- 2013-11-11 WO PCT/EP2013/073467 patent/WO2014095157A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-12-18 TW TW102146886A patent/TW201425780A/en unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113236772A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-10 | 华南理工大学 | Gear shifting device and power assisting instrument comprising same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102012223792A1 (en) | 2014-06-26 |
| WO2014095157A1 (en) | 2014-06-26 |
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