TW201425589A - Reduction method of surface defect for small billet - Google Patents
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本發明是有關於一種製造方法，特別是指一種小鋼胚表面缺陷之減微化方法。 The invention relates to a manufacturing method, in particular to a method for reducing the surface defects of small steel embryos.
在汽車彈簧應用領域中所使用的盤元，為了提高抗鬆弛及應力疲勞的特性，而採用高矽(1.3%~1.6%)含量的鋼材。而高矽鋼在煉鋼以及熱軋製程中，其表面會形成由氧化鐵(FeO)與四氧化矽二鐵(Fe2SiO2，Fayalite)所共晶組成的矽酸鹽銹皮，四氧化矽二鐵在高溫下為熔融狀態的玻璃質，對銹皮有錨定的效果而使得銹皮不易去除。而且在熱軋過程中，亦會因加熱而增加銹皮生成量，並進而軋入銹皮造成缺陷，使得表面品質不佳。 In order to improve the characteristics of anti-seamage and stress fatigue, the disc used in the field of automotive spring applications uses steel with a high enthalpy (1.3% to 1.6%) content. In the steelmaking and hot rolling process, sorghum steel forms a bismuth oxide scale consisting of iron oxide (FeO) and osmium tetroxide (Fe2SiO 2 , Fayalite), osmium tetroxide The glassy material in a molten state at a high temperature has an anchoring effect on the scale and makes the scale difficult to remove. Moreover, during the hot rolling process, the amount of scale formation is also increased by heating, and the scale is further rolled to cause defects, resulting in poor surface quality.
因此，日本公開特許公報JP2004-25280「含矽鋼板的熱軋延方法」中所揭示的一除銹方法，說明矽含量高於1%之鋼板可藉由將加熱爐溫度控制在1170℃以下，並在超高壓噴水除銹過程中配合適當的鋼材移動速度，即可有效去除鋼板表面的銹皮。而含矽量、加熱爐溫度、鋼板移動速度，及噴水除銹壓力之條件可最佳化為以下兩組方程式：(1)T≦A×〔Si〕2+B×〔Si〕+C，〔Si〕≦1.4%；及(2)T≦D×〔Si〕+E，〔Si〕>1.4%；其中，A=784×x2-1121.7×x+936.3、B=-2134×x2+3064.2×x-2608.6、C=1324.7×x2-1734.5×x+2641.1、 D=-66.2×x2+188.2×x-203.6、E=28.5×x2-35×x+1162.8、x=P/V，且〔Si〕：鋼中矽含量、P：除銹水壓(MPa)、V：噴水除銹時鋼材的移動速度(m/min)、T：加熱爐溫。 Therefore, a rust removing method disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2004-25280 "Hot-rolling method for a ruthenium-containing steel sheet" indicates that the steel sheet having a niobium content of more than 1% can be controlled to a temperature of 1,170 ° C or less by using a furnace. And in the process of ultra-high pressure water spray and rust removal with appropriate steel moving speed, the surface of the steel plate can be effectively removed. The conditions of strontium content, furnace temperature, steel plate moving speed, and water spray derusting pressure can be optimized into the following two sets of equations: (1) T≦A×[Si] 2 +B×[Si]+C, [Si]≦1.4%; and (2)T≦D×[Si]+E, [Si]>1.4%; wherein A=784×x 2 -1121.7×x+936.3, B=-2134×x 2 +3064.2×x-2608.6, C=1324.7×x 2 -1734.5×x+2641.1, D=-66.2×x 2 +188.2×x-203.6, E=28.5×x 2 -35×x+1162.8, x=P /V, and [Si]: content of niobium in steel, P: derusting water pressure (MPa), V: moving speed of steel (water/moisture removal) (m/min), T: heating furnace temperature.
然而前述方法需另外購置超高壓噴水設備，因此除需增加投資於設備之成本，且所耗能量亦較高。 However, the foregoing method requires the purchase of an ultra-high pressure water spray device, so that the cost of investing in the equipment is increased, and the energy consumed is also high.
因此，本發明之目的，即在提供一種可在原有製程設備下以變更製程條件方式達成之小鋼胚表面缺陷之減微化方法。 Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for miniaturization of surface defects of small steel blanks which can be achieved under the original process equipment by changing process conditions.
於是，本發明小鋼胚表面缺陷之減微化方法，包含一加熱步驟、一燒除步驟、一軋延步驟，及一剪切步驟。 Therefore, the method for reducing surface defects of the small steel blank of the present invention comprises a heating step, a burning step, a rolling step, and a shearing step.
該加熱步驟是使每一大鋼胚在一預定的在爐時間內，依序通過一加熱爐的一預熱區、一加熱區，及一均熱區中以進行加熱動作，在該加熱區及該均熱區中，溫度小於1160℃且空燃比在2.5~3.5的範圍內。 The heating step is such that each large steel embryo is sequentially passed through a preheating zone, a heating zone, and a soaking zone of a heating furnace for a heating operation in a predetermined heating time zone. And in the soaking zone, the temperature is less than 1160 ° C and the air-fuel ratio is in the range of 2.5 to 3.5.
該燒除步驟是將經過該加熱步驟後的該等大鋼胚送入一燒除機中，且在該燒除機中該等大鋼胚是以一預定的燒除速度輸送，該燒除機通入天然氣與高壓氧氣以使天然氣能點火燒熔該等大鋼胚表面之銹皮，而高壓氧氣能將熔融之銹皮吹離該等大鋼胚。 The burning step is to feed the large steel blanks after the heating step into a burn-off machine, and in the burn-off machine, the large steel embryos are conveyed at a predetermined burning speed, and the burning is performed. The machine passes natural gas and high-pressure oxygen to enable the natural gas to ignite and burn the scale of the surface of the large steel embryos, and the high-pressure oxygen can blow the molten scale away from the large steel embryos.
該軋延步驟是將經燒除步驟後的該等大鋼胚以多數軋輥進行軋延動作，而該剪切步驟是將軋延後的每一大鋼胚 進行剪切動作，以形成多數小鋼胚。 The rolling step is to roll the large steel embryos after the burn-out step by a plurality of rolls, and the shearing step is to treat each large steel bill after rolling. A shearing action is performed to form a plurality of small steel embryos.
本發明之功效在於，能在原有製程設備下，藉由調低該加熱區及該均熱區之爐溫至1160℃以下，減輕熱效應而降低銹皮的生成量。而空燃比在2.5~3.5的範圍內，則能使加熱爐爐氛偏還原性而減少氧化反應，同樣能減低銹皮的生成量。 The invention has the effect of reducing the heat generation effect and reducing the amount of scale formation under the original process equipment by lowering the furnace temperature of the heating zone and the soaking zone to below 1160 °C. When the air-fuel ratio is in the range of 2.5 to 3.5, the furnace atmosphere can be reduced to reduce the oxidation reaction, and the amount of scale formation can be reduced.
有關本發明之前述及其他技術內容、特點與功效，在以下配合參考圖式之一個較佳實施例的詳細說明中，將可清楚的呈現。 The above and other technical contents, features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments.
特別說明的是，以下說明內容中所述之大鋼胚與小鋼胚，一般而言，大於118mm×118mm之鋼胚稱為大鋼胚，而小於118mm×118mm則稱為小鋼胚。此外，在本較佳實施例中，所製作之大鋼胚為高矽含量(1.3%~1.6%)的鋼材。 In particular, the large steel embryo and the small steel embryo described in the following description, in general, a steel embryo larger than 118 mm × 118 mm is called a large steel embryo, and a steel embryo smaller than 118 mm × 118 mm is called a small steel embryo. Further, in the preferred embodiment, the large steel preform produced is a steel material having a high niobium content (1.3% to 1.6%).
參閱圖1，為本發明小鋼胚表面缺陷之減微化方法之較佳實施例，包含一連鑄步驟2、一加熱步驟3、一除銹步驟4、一燒除步驟5、一軋延步驟6，及一剪切步驟7。 1 is a preferred embodiment of a method for reducing surface defects of small steel blanks according to the present invention, comprising a continuous casting step 2, a heating step 3, a descaling step 4, a burning step 5, and a rolling step. Step 6, and a cutting step 7.
首先進行該連鑄步驟2，將鋼液21注入一鑄模22內，而在注入的過程中，需通入惰性氣體，並持續添加鑄粉使鑄粉能覆蓋在該鑄模22內鋼液21的液面上，接著鋼液進入一鑄道23內經噴水冷卻後凝固，然後進行焰切即形成多數大鋼胚1；在本較佳實施例中，所通入之惰性氣體為氬氣。由於鋼液21注入該鑄模22內時，所通入之惰性氣體若流量過大則容易在初凝胚殼上形成氣泡而造成如附件1所 示之氣孔缺陷，因此在本較佳實施例中，惰性氣體的流量壓力值需控制在0.8kg/cm2以下；此外，注入過程中使用之鑄粉中的碳所生成的一氧化碳(CO)氣體，也同樣會在初凝胚殼上形成氣泡，因此使用低含碳量的鑄粉亦可改善所述氣孔缺陷。 First, the continuous casting step 2 is performed to inject the molten steel 21 into a mold 22, and during the injection process, an inert gas is introduced, and the casting powder is continuously added so that the molten powder can cover the molten steel 21 in the mold 22. On the liquid surface, the molten steel then enters a casting path 23 and is solidified by water spray cooling, and then flame cut to form a plurality of large steel blanks 1; in the preferred embodiment, the inert gas introduced is argon. When the molten steel 21 is injected into the mold 22, if the flow rate of the inert gas that is introduced is too large, bubbles are formed on the initial condensate shell to cause pore defects as shown in Annex 1, and thus, in the preferred embodiment, The flow pressure value of the inert gas should be controlled to be 0.8 kg/cm 2 or less; in addition, the carbon monoxide (CO) gas generated by the carbon in the cast powder used in the injection process also forms bubbles on the initial solidified shell, so The use of low carbon content cast powder can also improve the porosity defects.
接著進行該加熱步驟3，使每一大鋼胚1在一預定的在爐時間內，依序通過一加熱爐31的一預熱區311、一加熱區312，及一均熱區313中進行加熱動作，以使該等大鋼胚1能加熱至預定溫度而利於後續的軋延動作，而該加熱爐31中通入有氣體燃料。 Then, the heating step 3 is performed, so that each large steel slab 1 is sequentially passed through a preheating zone 311, a heating zone 312, and a soaking zone 313 of a heating furnace 31 in a predetermined furnace time. The heating operation is such that the large steel slab 1 can be heated to a predetermined temperature to facilitate the subsequent rolling operation, and the heating furnace 31 is supplied with a gaseous fuel.
由於加熱爐31溫度影響銹皮的厚度甚巨，而銹皮的厚度又影響後續燒除步驟5時銹皮燒除的效果，因此經實驗後之結果如附件2所示，當該加熱區312、均熱區313之溫度設定在1200℃時，該等大鋼胚1表面的銹皮並無法完整燒除，而當該加熱區312、均熱區313之溫度設定在1100℃時，該等大鋼胚1表面的銹皮則可被完全燒除，如此便證實了降低該加熱區312、均熱區313之爐溫確實能有效減少銹皮的生成量。但過低的溫度可能使該等大鋼胚1在該軋延步驟6時無法順利咬入軋輥61，造成生產困難，因此經實驗可減低銹皮厚度並順利生產之爐溫需小於1160℃。此外，降低加熱爐31中的空氣燃料流量比(以下簡稱空燃比)，可使加熱爐31爐氛偏還原性而減少氧化的發生，因此同樣也能減少銹皮的生成量，如附件3所示，當該加熱區312、均熱區313之空燃比為4.5時，表面仍附著有薄薄的銹皮 而使得大鋼胚1呈現較低的亮度，但當空燃比降為3.0時，則大鋼胚1表面銹皮完整燒除而呈現高亮度。參閱附件4，大鋼胚1的在爐時間亦為銹皮厚度的重要影響因素，而由大鋼胚1在完成該除銹步驟4與該燒除步驟5後之結果可知，在其他條件大致不變的情況下，將大鋼胚1的在爐時間縮短為79分鐘，即可大幅改善銹皮生成量。綜合上述實驗結果，在本較佳實施例中，該加熱區312及該均熱區313之爐溫為1159℃，該加熱區312及該均熱區313之空燃比為3，而該等大鋼胚1的在爐時間則為79分鐘。 Since the temperature of the heating furnace 31 affects the thickness of the scale, the thickness of the scale affects the effect of the burning of the scale in the subsequent burning step 5, so the result after the experiment is as shown in Annex 2, when the heating zone 312 When the temperature of the soaking zone 313 is set at 1200 ° C, the scale of the surface of the large steel blank 1 cannot be completely burned out, and when the temperature of the heating zone 312 and the soaking zone 313 is set at 1100 ° C, such The scale on the surface of the large steel blank 1 can be completely burned off, thus confirming that reducing the furnace temperature of the heating zone 312 and the soaking zone 313 can effectively reduce the amount of scale formation. However, the excessively low temperature may make the large steel blank 1 unable to bite into the roll 61 smoothly during the rolling step 6, which causes production difficulty. Therefore, the thickness of the scale can be reduced by experiments and the furnace temperature to be smoothly produced needs to be less than 1160 °C. Further, by reducing the ratio of the air-fuel flow rate in the heating furnace 31 (hereinafter referred to as the air-fuel ratio), the furnace 31 can be reduced in polarity and the occurrence of oxidation can be reduced, so that the amount of scale formation can also be reduced, as in Annex 3. It is shown that when the air-fuel ratio of the heating zone 312 and the soaking zone 313 is 4.5, the surface is still attached with a thin scale. The large steel embryo 1 exhibits a low brightness, but when the air-fuel ratio is reduced to 3.0, the surface scale of the large steel embryo 1 is completely burned off to exhibit high brightness. Referring to Annex 4, the furnace time of the steel slab 1 is also an important factor affecting the thickness of the rust, and the results of the sinter step 1 and the burning step 5 are determined by the large steel slab 1 In the case of constant, the furnace time of the steel slab 1 is shortened to 79 minutes, and the amount of scale formation can be greatly improved. Combining the above experimental results, in the preferred embodiment, the heating temperature of the heating zone 312 and the soaking zone 313 is 1159 ° C, and the air-fuel ratio of the heating zone 312 and the soaking zone 313 is 3, and the The steel embryo 1 has a furnace time of 79 minutes.
再來是該除銹步驟4，將該等大鋼胚1以高壓水柱沖刷，以進行物理方式的除銹。 This is followed by the descaling step 4, in which the large steel blanks 1 are washed with a high pressure water column for physical descaling.
接著進行該燒除步驟5，將經過該除銹步驟4後的該等大鋼胚1送入一燒除機51中，且在該燒除機51中該等大鋼胚1是以一預定的燒除速度輸送，該燒除機51通入有天然氣與高壓氧氣，藉由該等大鋼胚1本身之高溫能將天然氣點火並燒熔表面的銹皮，並靠著高壓氧氣配合該等大鋼胚1的移動而能將熔融之銹皮吹離該等大鋼胚1。參閱附件5，藉由調整高壓氧氣流量壓力及燒除速度，可影響燒除的深度，而由實驗結果顯示，將高壓氧氣流量壓力增加為3kg/cm2而燒除速度降低為20m/min，可使大鋼胚1表面銹皮完整燒除。 Then, the burning step 5 is performed, and the large steel blanks 1 after the rust removing step 4 are sent to a burn-off machine 51, and the large steel blanks 1 are in a predetermined order in the burn-off machine 51. The burn-off speed is conveyed, and the burn-off machine 51 is supplied with natural gas and high-pressure oxygen. The high temperature of the large steel blank 1 can ignite the natural gas and melt the surface of the scale, and cooperate with the high-pressure oxygen. The movement of the large steel blank 1 can blow the molten scale away from the large steel blanks 1. Referring to Annex 5, by adjusting the high pressure oxygen flow pressure and the burnout speed, the depth of the burnout can be affected, and the experimental results show that the high pressure oxygen flow pressure is increased to 3 kg/cm 2 and the burnout speed is reduced to 20 m/min. The surface rust of the large steel embryo 1 can be completely burned out.
然後是該軋延步驟6，將經燒除步驟5後的該等大鋼胚1以多數軋輥61進行軋延動作。 Then, in the rolling step 6, the large steel blanks 1 after the burn-off step 5 are rolled by a plurality of rolls 61.
最後是該剪切步驟7，將軋延後的每一大鋼胚1進行剪 切動作，如此便形成多數小鋼胚8。 Finally, the shearing step 7 is to cut each large steel embryo 1 after rolling. The cutting action thus forms a majority of small steel embryos 8.
綜上所述，本發明小鋼胚表面缺陷之減微化方法，能在不改變原製程設備的情況下，透過在該加熱步驟3中，降低該加熱區312、均熱區313之爐溫、調低該加熱區312、均熱區313之空燃比，以及限制該等大鋼胚1的在爐時間，而能減少大鋼胚1表面銹皮的生成量；此外，在該燒除步驟5中增加高壓氧流量壓力，並同時放慢燒除速度，能使銹皮的燒除更加完整，藉由上述加熱步驟3、燒除步驟5中製程條件的調整，能減低該等大鋼胚1的銹皮生成量，進而減低銹皮軋入所衍生出之小鋼胚8表面缺陷。再者，在連鑄步驟2中降低通入之惰性氣體流量，及使用低碳鑄粉能減少大鋼胚1表面氣孔缺陷的生成，也能減低由該等大鋼胚1表面氣孔缺陷的生成，同樣能在原有製程設備下，減低小鋼胚8表面缺陷，故確實能達成本發明之目的。 In summary, the method for miniaturizing the surface defects of the small steel blank of the present invention can reduce the furnace temperature of the heating zone 312 and the soaking zone 313 in the heating step 3 without changing the original process equipment. And reducing the air-fuel ratio of the heating zone 312 and the soaking zone 313, and limiting the furnace time of the large steel blanks 1 to reduce the amount of surface scale formation of the large steel blank 1; further, in the burning step Increasing the pressure of the high-pressure oxygen flow in 5, and slowing down the burning rate at the same time, can make the burning of the scale more complete. By adjusting the process conditions in the heating step 3 and the burning step 5, the large steel embryo can be reduced. The amount of scale produced by 1 reduces the surface defects of the small steel blank 8 derived from the rolling of the scale. Furthermore, reducing the flow rate of the inert gas introduced in the continuous casting step 2, and using the low carbon cast powder can reduce the formation of the surface porosity defects of the large steel blank 1 and also reduce the generation of the pore defects on the surface of the large steel blank 1 It is also possible to reduce the surface defects of the small steel blank 8 under the original process equipment, so that the object of the present invention can be achieved.
惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已，當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍，即大凡依本發明申請專利範圍及發明說明內容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍內。 The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made by the scope of the invention and the description of the invention are All remain within the scope of the invention patent.
1‧‧‧大鋼胚 1‧‧‧ Large steel embryo
2‧‧‧連鑄步驟 2‧‧‧Continuous casting step
21‧‧‧鋼液 21‧‧‧Steel
22‧‧‧鑄模 22‧‧‧Molding
23‧‧‧鑄道 23‧‧‧ casting road
3‧‧‧加熱步驟 3‧‧‧heating steps
31‧‧‧加熱爐 31‧‧‧heating furnace
311‧‧‧預熱區 311‧‧‧Preheating zone
312‧‧‧加熱區 312‧‧‧heating area
313‧‧‧均熱區 313‧‧‧Hot zone
4‧‧‧除銹步驟 4‧‧‧Descaling step
5‧‧‧燒除步驟 5‧‧‧burning steps
51‧‧‧燒除機 51‧‧‧ Burning machine
6‧‧‧軋延步驟 6‧‧‧Rolling steps
61‧‧‧軋輥 61‧‧‧ Rolls
7‧‧‧剪切步驟 7‧‧‧Cutting step
8‧‧‧小鋼胚 8‧‧‧Small steel embryo
圖1是一示意圖，說明本發明小鋼胚表面缺陷之減微化方法之製程流程。 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the process flow of the method for reducing surface defects of small steel blanks of the present invention.
1‧‧‧大鋼胚 1‧‧‧ Large steel embryo
2‧‧‧連鑄步驟 2‧‧‧Continuous casting step
21‧‧‧鋼液 21‧‧‧Steel
22‧‧‧鑄模 22‧‧‧Molding
23‧‧‧鑄道 23‧‧‧ casting road
3‧‧‧加熱步驟 3‧‧‧heating steps
31‧‧‧加熱爐 31‧‧‧heating furnace
311‧‧‧預熱區 311‧‧‧Preheating zone
312‧‧‧加熱區 312‧‧‧heating area
313‧‧‧均熱區 313‧‧‧Hot zone
4‧‧‧除銹步驟 4‧‧‧Descaling step
5‧‧‧燒除步驟 5‧‧‧burning steps
51‧‧‧燒除機 51‧‧‧ Burning machine
6‧‧‧軋延步驟 6‧‧‧Rolling steps
61‧‧‧軋輥 61‧‧‧ Rolls
7‧‧‧剪切步驟 7‧‧‧Cutting step
8‧‧‧小鋼胚 8‧‧‧Small steel embryo
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW101151146A TWI485259B (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2012-12-28 | Method for reducing surface defects of small steel embryos |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW101151146A TWI485259B (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2012-12-28 | Method for reducing surface defects of small steel embryos |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| TW201425589A true TW201425589A (en) | 2014-07-01 |
| TWI485259B TWI485259B (en) | 2015-05-21 |
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| TW (1) | TWI485259B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI555854B (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2016-11-01 | China Steel Corp | Removal Method of Surface Defects in Steel |
| TWI563098B (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2016-12-21 | China Steel Corp | |
| TWI628285B (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2018-07-01 | 中國鋼鐵股份有限公司 | Quality evaluation system and method for rolling metal billet |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000233216A (en) * | 1999-02-10 | 2000-08-29 | Nippon Steel Corp | Steel cleaning and drying method |
| CN1195597C (en) * | 2000-10-20 | 2005-04-06 | 印度钢铁主管有限公司 | Method for continuously-casting steel plate of 1.5-2.5% silicon content without surface and underbead cracks |
| WO2004000476A1 (en) * | 2002-06-07 | 2003-12-31 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Hot rolling method and apparatus for hot steel sheet |
| CN102581039A (en) * | 2011-01-12 | 2012-07-18 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for rolling pure titanium strip |
| CN102247985B (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2013-06-26 | 河北省首钢迁安钢铁有限责任公司 | Method for producing steel for stirring tank with limit specification through hot rolling |
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2012
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI555854B (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2016-11-01 | China Steel Corp | Removal Method of Surface Defects in Steel |
| TWI563098B (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2016-12-21 | China Steel Corp | |
| TWI628285B (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2018-07-01 | 中國鋼鐵股份有限公司 | Quality evaluation system and method for rolling metal billet |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TWI485259B (en) | 2015-05-21 |
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