TW201424290A - Method and apparatus for coordinated multipoint downlink transmission between two cells - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for coordinated multipoint downlink transmission between two cells Download PDF

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TW201424290A
TW201424290A TW102132424A TW102132424A TW201424290A TW 201424290 A TW201424290 A TW 201424290A TW 102132424 A TW102132424 A TW 102132424A TW 102132424 A TW102132424 A TW 102132424A TW 201424290 A TW201424290 A TW 201424290A
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vector
community
user
base station
user devices
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Huan Sun
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Alcatel Lucent
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/022—Site diversity; Macro-diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/022—Site diversity; Macro-diversity
    • H04B7/024—Co-operative use of antennas of several sites, e.g. in co-ordinated multipoint or co-operative multiple-input multiple-output [MIMO] systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/022—Site diversity; Macro-diversity
    • H04B7/026—Co-operative diversity, e.g. using fixed or mobile stations as relays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J11/00—Orthogonal multiplex systems, e.g. using WALSH codes
    • H04J11/0023—Interference mitigation or co-ordination
    • H04J11/0026—Interference mitigation or co-ordination of multi-user interference
    • H04J11/003—Interference mitigation or co-ordination of multi-user interference at the transmitter
    • H04J11/0033—Interference mitigation or co-ordination of multi-user interference at the transmitter by pre-cancellation of known interference, e.g. using a matched filter, dirty paper coder or Thomlinson-Harashima precoder

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for coordinated multipoint downlink transmission between two cells. In a base station in each cell, a reference vector is determined; a channel vector of each user equipment in the cell is obtained to represent a valid downlink channel when a receiving vector is used having interference from another base station aligned to the reference vector; one or more user equipments are selected according to the reference vector, the channel vectors and a predetermined scheduling criterion; and a pre-coding vector for downlink transmission of each of the selected one or more user equipments is determined according to the reference vector, the channel vectors and a predetermined beam forming criterion.; Thus interference from the other base station can be aligned to a reference vector and a desired signal can be placed in a spatial dimension different from the reference vector, which alleviates inter-cell interference and enables the respective base stations to separately perform multi-user scheduling and beam forming at a transmitter so as to thereby achieve a multi-user diversity gain and a beam forming gain.

Description

用於兩社區間的合作多點下行傳輸的方法和裝置 Method and apparatus for cooperative multi-point downlink transmission between two communities

本發明關於無線通信網路，尤其關於社區間合作多點下行傳輸技術。 The present invention relates to wireless communication networks, and more particularly to inter-community cooperation multipoint downlink transmission techniques.

多輸入多輸出技術(Multiple Input Multiple Output,MIMO)因其無需額外的帶寬或發送功率就能夠顯著增加資料吞吐量及提高鏈路可靠性而吸引了廣泛關注。MIMO技術被許多無線通信標準所採納，諸如IEEE 802.11n、3GPP-LTE(the 3rd Generation Partnership Project Long Term Evolution)以及WiMAX(Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access)等。在傳統蜂窩系統中，每個使用者設備(User Equipement，UE)接收來自其服務基站(Base Station，BS)的期望信號以及來自相鄰社區內的基站的干擾，這類干擾被稱為社區間干擾(inter cell interference,ICI)。因此，傳統蜂窩系統的下行鏈路的容量受到ICI干擾水準的限制。作為一種分散式MIMO技術，合作多點(Coordinated Multipoint,CoMP)方案能夠通過多個基站的合作而減輕ICI。 Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) has attracted wide attention because it can significantly increase data throughput and improve link reliability without requiring additional bandwidth or transmit power. MIMO technology has been adopted in many wireless communication standards, such as IEEE 802.11n, 3GPP-LTE (the 3 rd Generation Partnership Project Long Term Evolution) and WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) and the like. In a traditional cellular system, each User Equipment (UE) receives expected signals from its serving base station (BS) and interference from base stations in neighboring communities. Such interference is called inter-community. Interference (ICI). Therefore, the downlink capacity of a conventional cellular system is limited by the level of ICI interference. As a decentralized MIMO technology, the Coordinated Multipoint (CoMP) solution can mitigate ICI through the cooperation of multiple base stations.

下行鏈路CoMP傳輸方案主要分為兩類：聯合傳輸(joint transmission,JT)和合作排程/合作波束成形(coordinated scheduling/beam-forming,CS/CB)。在聯合傳輸方案中，在同一CoMP簇中的基站共用使用者資訊，包括通道狀態資訊(Channel State Information，CSI)和使用者資料。雖然聯合傳輸方案能夠實現較高的性能提高，但是也存在許多問題，諸如用於交換通道狀態資訊和使用者資料的較高的主幹網(backhaul)要求、使用者排程和發送預編碼設計所帶來的較高的計算複雜度、以及在同一CoMP簇中的基站間的同步等。與之相反，CS/CB方案因其無需在同一CoMP簇中的基站間交換使用者資料而能夠降低對主幹網的要求。 Downlink CoMP transmission schemes are mainly divided into two categories: joint transmission (JT) and coordinated scheduling/beam-forming (CS/CB). In the joint transmission scheme, base stations in the same CoMP cluster share user information, including Channel State Information (CSI) and user data. Although the joint transmission scheme can achieve higher performance improvements, there are also many problems, such as higher backhaul requirements for exchanging channel status information and user profiles, user scheduling, and transmitting precoding designs. Higher computational complexity, synchronization between base stations in the same CoMP cluster, and so on. In contrast, the CS/CB scheme can reduce the requirements on the backbone network because it does not need to exchange user data between base stations in the same CoMP cluster.

近來，對於單使用者MIMO系統，即對於每個社區中只有一個使用者的情形，提出了干擾對齊(Interference Alignment,IA)。干擾對齊是指在已知通道矩陣的情況下，通過發射端預編碼，將每個接收端的期望信號和干擾信號在空間上分離。例如，將每個接收端的干擾限制在接收信號空間的一部分上，而將接收信號空間的其他部分留給期望信號。干擾對齊具有複雜度低、性能好的優點。 Recently, for a single-user MIMO system, that is, for the case where there is only one user in each community, Interference Alignment (IA) is proposed. Interference alignment refers to spatially separating the desired signal and the interference signal at each receiving end by precoding at the transmitting end in the case of a known channel matrix. For example, the interference at each receiving end is limited to a portion of the received signal space, while the other portion of the received signal space is left to the desired signal. Interference alignment has the advantages of low complexity and good performance.

然而，在實際的MIMO系統中，每個社區中有多個使用者，並且基站通常採用多使用者MIMO而非單使用者MIMO以同時服務多個使用者。此外，由於基站同時服務的使用者的數量受到基站天線數量的限制，因此基站在一個時頻資源上只能服務一部分使用者。換言之，基站需要 施行使用者排程以每次選擇一部分使用者來服務。由此，現有的干擾對齊並不能夠直接適用於實際的多使用者MIMO系統。 However, in an actual MIMO system, there are multiple users in each community, and the base stations typically employ multi-user MIMO instead of single-user MIMO to serve multiple users simultaneously. In addition, since the number of users simultaneously served by the base station is limited by the number of base station antennas, the base station can only serve a part of users on one time-frequency resource. In other words, the base station needs The user schedule is performed to select a portion of the user to serve each time. Thus, existing interference alignments are not directly applicable to actual multi-user MIMO systems.

針對上述技術問題，本發明的目的在於提供一種基於干擾對齊的合作排程/合作波束成形方案，以便在多使用者MIMO系統中實現干擾對齊與合作排程/合作波束成形，從而不僅有效減少社區間干擾，還能夠獲得多使用者分集增益和波束成形增益。 In view of the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a cooperative scheduling/cooperative beamforming scheme based on interference alignment, so as to implement interference alignment and cooperative scheduling/cooperative beamforming in a multi-user MIMO system, thereby effectively reducing the community. Inter-interference can also achieve multi-user diversity gain and beamforming gain.

在本發明的方案中，在各社區內的基站中，確定一參考向量；獲取社區內的各使用者設備的通道向量，其表示使用令來自其他基站的干擾對齊到參考向量的接收向量時的有效下行通道；根據參考向量、通道向量、以及預定排程準則選擇一個或多個使用者設備；根據參考向量、通道向量、以及預定的波束成形準則，確定用於所選擇的一個或多個使用者設備中的每一個的下行傳輸的預編碼向量。 In the solution of the present invention, in a base station in each community, a reference vector is determined; and a channel vector of each user equipment in the community is obtained, which indicates that when the interference from other base stations is aligned to the reception vector of the reference vector, An effective downstream channel; selecting one or more user devices according to a reference vector, a channel vector, and a predetermined scheduling criterion; determining one or more uses for the selected one based on the reference vector, the channel vector, and the predetermined beamforming criteria The precoding vector of the downlink transmission of each of the devices.

由此，能夠將來自其他基站的干擾對齊到第一參考向量以及將期望信號放置在不同於第一參考向量的空間維度上，即使得干擾和期望信號在空間上分離，這不僅能夠減少社區間干擾，還使得各基站能夠獨立地施行多使用者排程以及發送端波束成形，即成功地將多社區多使用者排程簡化為單社區多使用者排程，從而能夠無需較高的複雜度就能夠獲得多使用者分集增益和波束成形增益。 Thereby, it is possible to align interference from other base stations to the first reference vector and to place the desired signal in a spatial dimension different from the first reference vector, ie to spatially separate the interference and the desired signal, which not only reduces inter-community Interference also enables each base station to independently perform multi-user scheduling and transmitter beamforming, which successfully simplifies multi-community multi-user scheduling into single-community multi-user scheduling, thereby eliminating the need for high complexity. Multi-user diversity gain and beamforming gain can be obtained.

在一個例子中，各社區將共用同一個參考向量；在另一個例子中，各社區所確定的參考向量能夠是不同的。 In one example, each community will share the same reference vector; in another example, the reference vectors determined by the communities can be different.

根據本發明的一個方面，提供了一種在第一社區內的第一基站中用於所述第一社區與第二社區間的合作多點下行傳輸的方法，其中所述第一基站和所述第二社區內的第二基站均配備有多個天線。所述方法包括以下步驟：A.確定第一參考向量；B.獲取對應於所述第一社區內的多個使用者設備中的每一個使用者的第一通道向量，所述第一通道向量表示對應的使用者設備在使用第一接收向量時的有效下行通道，所述第一接收向量是根據將來自所述第二基站的干擾對齊到所述第一參考向量的干擾對齊準則而確定的；C.根據所述第一參考向量、所述第一社區內的所述多個使用者設備的所述第一通道向量、以及預先確定的排程準則，從所述第一社區內的所述多個使用者設備中選擇一個或多個使用者設備；以及D.根據所述第一參考向量、所選擇的一個或多個使用者設備的所述第一通道向量、以及預先確定的波束成形準則，確定用於所述所選擇的一個或多個使用者設備中的每一個的下行傳輸的第一預編碼向量。 According to an aspect of the present invention, a method for cooperative multipoint downlink transmission between the first community and a second community in a first base station within a first community is provided, wherein the first base station and the The second base stations in the second community are each equipped with multiple antennas. The method includes the steps of: A. determining a first reference vector; B. acquiring a first channel vector corresponding to each of a plurality of user devices within the first community, the first channel vector Determining a valid downlink channel of the corresponding user equipment when using the first reception vector, the first reception vector being determined according to an interference alignment criterion that aligns interference from the second base station to the first reference vector C. from the first reference vector, the first channel vector of the plurality of user devices in the first community, and predetermined scheduling criteria, from within the first community Selecting one or more of the plurality of user devices; and D. according to the first reference vector, the first channel vector of the selected one or more user devices, and a predetermined beam A shaping criterion determines a first precoding vector for downlink transmission of each of the selected one or more user devices.

根據本發明的一個具體實施例，所述第一參考向量是所述第一社區內的所述多個使用者設備和所述第二社區內的多個使用者設備中的一個使用者設備的下行通道矩陣的右奇異向量。在一個例子中，能夠隨機選取一個使用者設備，並且將該使用者設備的下行通道矩陣的最大奇異值所 對應的右奇異向量作為第一參考向量。在另一個例子中，作為所述第一參考向量的右奇異向量所對應的奇異值能夠是所述第一社區內的所述多個使用者設備和所述第二社區內的所述多個使用者設備中的所有使用者設備的下行通道矩陣的奇異值中最大的。 According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first reference vector is one of the plurality of user equipments in the first community and one of a plurality of user equipments in the second community The right singular vector of the downstream channel matrix. In one example, a user device can be randomly selected and the maximum singular value of the downstream channel matrix of the user device is The corresponding right singular vector is used as the first reference vector. In another example, the singular value corresponding to the right singular vector of the first reference vector can be the plurality of user devices in the first community and the plurality of the second community The largest of the singular values of the downlink channel matrix of all user equipments in the user equipment.

根據本發明的一個具體實施例，所述方法在所述步驟A中包括：A1.確定所述第一社區內的所述多個使用者設備中的所有使用者設備的下行通道矩陣的奇異值中最大的奇異值以及對應的右奇異向量，並將其發送給所述第二基站；A2.從所述第二基站接收所述第二社區內的所述多個使用者設備中的所有使用者設備的下行通道矩陣的奇異值中最大的奇異值以及對應的右奇異向量；以及A3.根據所確定的所述奇異值以及對應的右奇異向量、以及所接收的所述奇異值以及對應的右奇異向量，確定所述第一參考向量。 According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the method includes in the step A: A1. determining a singular value of a downlink channel matrix of all user equipments in the plurality of user equipments in the first community The largest singular value and the corresponding right singular vector are sent to the second base station; A2. receiving, from the second base station, all of the plurality of user devices in the second community The largest singular value of the singular values of the downlink channel matrix of the device and the corresponding right singular vector; and A3. according to the determined singular value and the corresponding right singular vector, and the received singular value and corresponding A right singular vector determines the first reference vector.

根據本發明的一個具體實施例，所述干擾對齊準則能夠以如下公式表示： 其中，b ref 表示所述第一參考向量，w [i,j]表示所述第一社區j的所述使用者設備中的使用者設備i的第一接收向量，表示所述第二社區3-j內的所述第二基站至所述第一社區j的所述使用者設備i的下行通道矩陣。由此可見，各使用者設備如此設計接收向量以便將來自其他社區的干擾對齊到第一參考向量的方向上。 According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the interference alignment criterion can be expressed by the following formula: Wherein b ref represents the first reference vector, and w [ i , j ] represents a first receiving vector of the user equipment i in the user equipment of the first community j, Representing a downlink channel matrix of the second base station in the second community 3-j to the user equipment i of the first community j. As can be seen, each user device designs a receive vector such that interference from other communities is aligned into the direction of the first reference vector.

根據本發明，在步驟B中能夠以多種方式獲取表示各使用者設備的有效通道的第一通道向量。 According to the invention, the first channel vector representing the effective channel of each user device can be acquired in a plurality of ways in step B.

根據本發明的一個具體實施例，所述方法在所述步驟B中包括：B11.獲取該使用者設備的下行通道矩陣以及所述第二基站至該使用者設備的干擾下行通道矩陣；以及B12.根據所述第一參考向量、所獲取的下行通道矩陣、所獲取的干擾下行通道矩陣，確定該使用者設備的所述第一通道向量。例如，基站能夠通過通道互易性(channel reciprocity)或者通過通道回饋(channel feedback)而獲取使用者設備的下行通道矩陣和干擾下行通道矩陣。 According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the method includes: in step B: acquiring a downlink channel matrix of the user equipment and an interference downlink channel matrix of the second base station to the user equipment; and B12 And determining, according to the first reference vector, the acquired downlink channel matrix, and the acquired interference downlink channel matrix, the first channel vector of the user equipment. For example, the base station can acquire the downlink channel matrix and the interference downlink channel matrix of the user equipment by channel reciprocity or by channel feedback.

根據本發明的另一個具體實施例，所述方法在所述步驟B中包括：B21.向所述第一社區的所述多個使用者設備發送所述第一參考向量；以及B22.從所述第一社區的所述多個使用者設備中的每一個接收該使用者設備的所述第一通道向量。相應地，各使用者設備在接收到來自基站的所述第一參考向量之後，根據自身的下行通道矩陣和干擾下行通道矩陣，確定第一通道向量並將其發送給基站。相比於使用者設備的下行通道矩陣和干擾下行通道矩陣，第一參考向量和第一通道向量的信息量較少，這對於通道回饋是較有利的。 According to another embodiment of the present invention, the method includes, in the step B, B21. transmitting the first reference vector to the plurality of user equipments of the first community; and B22. Each of the plurality of user devices of the first community receives the first channel vector of the user device. Correspondingly, after receiving the first reference vector from the base station, each user equipment determines the first channel vector and sends it to the base station according to its own downlink channel matrix and the interference downlink channel matrix. Compared to the downlink channel matrix and the interference downlink channel matrix of the user equipment, the first reference vector and the first channel vector have less information, which is advantageous for channel feedback.

根據本發明的一個具體實施例，在所述步驟C中，利用迭代零強制演算法，從所述第一社區內的所述多個使用者設備中選擇所述一個或多個使用者設備。 According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the step C, the one or more user devices are selected from the plurality of user devices in the first community by using an iterative zero-force algorithm.

根據本發明的一個具體實施例，所述排程準則是最大 速率排程、比例公平性排程、或者輪詢排程。 According to a specific embodiment of the invention, the scheduling criterion is maximum Rate scheduling, proportional fairness scheduling, or polling scheduling.

根據本發明的一個具體實施例，所述波束成形準則是零強制或者最小均方誤差。 According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the beamforming criterion is a zero forcing or a minimum mean square error.

根據本發明的另一個方面，提供了一種在第一社區內的第一基站中用於所述第一社區與第二社區間的合作多點下行傳輸的裝置，其中所述第一基站和所述第二社區內的第二基站均配備有多個天線，所述裝置包括：第一確定單元，其獲取第一參考向量；獲取單元，其獲取對應於所述第一社區內的多個使用者設備中的每一個使用者的第一通道向量，所述第一通道向量表示對應的使用者設備在使用第一接收向量時的有效下行通道，所述第一接收向量是根據將來自所述第二基站的干擾對齊到所述第一參考向量的干擾對齊準則而確定的；選擇單元，其根據所述第一參考向量、所述第一社區內的所述多個使用者設備的所述第一通道向量、以及預先確定的排程準則，從所述第一社區內的所述多個使用者設備中選擇一個或多個使用者設備；以及第二確定單元，其根據所述第一參考向量、所選擇的一個或多個使用者設備的所述第一通道向量、以及預先確定的波束成形準則，確定用於所述所選擇的一個或多個使用者設備中的每一個的下行傳輸的第一預編碼向量。 According to another aspect of the present invention, an apparatus for cooperative multipoint downlink transmission between the first community and a second community in a first base station within a first community is provided, wherein the first base station and the The second base station in the second community is equipped with multiple antennas, and the apparatus includes: a first determining unit that acquires a first reference vector; and an acquiring unit that acquires multiple uses corresponding to the first community a first channel vector of each user in the device, the first channel vector indicating a valid downlink channel of the corresponding user equipment when using the first receiving vector, the first receiving vector is based on Determining that interference of the second base station is aligned to an interference alignment criterion of the first reference vector; selecting a unit according to the first reference vector, the plurality of user equipments in the first community a first channel vector, and a predetermined scheduling criterion, selecting one or more user devices from the plurality of user devices in the first community; and a second determining unit, the root thereof Determining, for the first reference vector, the first channel vector of the selected one or more user devices, and predetermined beamforming criteria for use in the selected one or more user devices The first precoding vector of each downlink transmission.

110‧‧‧社區 110‧‧‧Community

120‧‧‧社區 120‧‧‧Community

130‧‧‧基地台 130‧‧‧Base station

140‧‧‧基地台 140‧‧‧Base station

151‧‧‧使用者設備 151‧‧‧User equipment

152‧‧‧使用者設備 152‧‧‧User equipment

153‧‧‧使用者設備 153‧‧‧User equipment

154‧‧‧使用者設備 154‧‧‧User equipment

S210‧‧‧步驟 S210‧‧‧Steps

S220‧‧‧步驟 S220‧‧‧Steps

S230‧‧‧步驟 S230‧‧‧Steps

S240‧‧‧步驟 S240‧‧‧Steps

300‧‧‧裝置 300‧‧‧ device

310‧‧‧第一確定單元 310‧‧‧First Determination Unit

320‧‧‧獲取單元 320‧‧‧Acquisition unit

330‧‧‧選擇單元 330‧‧‧Selection unit

340‧‧‧第二確定單元 340‧‧‧Second determination unit

通過參照附圖閱讀以下所作的對非限制性實施例的詳細描述，本發明的其他特徵、目的和優點將會變得更明 顯。 Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the Detailed Description of Description Obvious.

圖1示出了兩社區合作下行傳輸的示意圖；圖2示出了根據本發明的一個具體實施例的用於合作多點下行傳輸的方法的流程圖；圖3示出了根據本發明的一個具體實施例的用於合作多點下行傳輸的裝置的框圖。 1 shows a schematic diagram of two community cooperative downlink transmissions; FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of a method for cooperative multipoint downlink transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 shows a method according to the present invention. A block diagram of an apparatus for cooperative multipoint downlink transmission of a particular embodiment.

圖1示出了兩社區合作下行傳輸的示意圖。一般來說，進行合作下行傳輸的兩社區是相鄰的社區。如圖1所示，社區110與社區120相鄰，該兩社區中的下行傳輸相互對對方產生干擾。社區110包括基站130以及多個使用者設備，例如使用者設備151和152，其中基站130例如是增強節點B(enhanced Node B,eNB)。類似地，社區120包括基站140以及多個使用者設備，例如使用者設備153和154。此外，基站130和基站140均配備有多個天線，各使用者設備也配備有多個天線。 Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of two communities' cooperative downlink transmission. In general, the two communities that are cooperating for downlink transmission are neighboring communities. As shown in FIG. 1, the community 110 is adjacent to the community 120, and the downlink transmissions in the two communities interfere with each other. The community 110 includes a base station 130 and a plurality of user equipments, such as user equipments 151 and 152, wherein the base station 130 is, for example, an enhanced Node B (eNB). Similarly, community 120 includes base station 140 and a plurality of user devices, such as user devices 153 and 154. In addition, the base station 130 and the base station 140 are each equipped with a plurality of antennas, and each user equipment is also equipped with a plurality of antennas.

在此，假設基站130和基站140均配備有M個天線，各使用者設備配備有N個天線。值得注意的是，雖然在此假設兩基站所配備的天線數相同以及各使用者設備所配備的天線數也相同，但是本領域技術人員應當理解，根據本發明的方法和裝置也能夠應用於兩基站以及各使用者設備配備有不同數量的天線的情形。此外，還假設每個社區包含K個使用者設備。本領域技術人員同樣能夠理解， 實際系統中每個社區包含的使用者設備的數量往往是不同的並且會隨時間變化，並且本發明的方法和裝置也適用於這樣的情形。 Here, it is assumed that both the base station 130 and the base station 140 are equipped with M antennas, and each user equipment is equipped with N antennas. It should be noted that although it is assumed here that the number of antennas provided by the two base stations is the same and the number of antennas provided by each user equipment is the same, those skilled in the art should understand that the method and apparatus according to the present invention can also be applied to two. The base station and each user equipment are equipped with different numbers of antennas. In addition, it is assumed that each community contains K user devices. Those skilled in the art can also understand that The number of user devices contained in each community in an actual system is often different and can vary over time, and the methods and apparatus of the present invention are also applicable to such situations.

下文中，將基站j到本社區內的使用者設備i的下行通道矩陣標記為，將另一基站3-j至該使用者設備i的干擾下行通道矩陣標記為。如圖1所示，社區110(即社區1)內的各使用者設備由基站130服務，基站130到其所在社區110內的K個使用者設備的下行通道矩陣分別為。同時，基站140的下行信號會對社區110內的各使用者設備造成干擾，基站140到社區110內的K個使用者設備的干擾下行通道矩陣為。類似地，社區120(即社區2)內的各使用者設備由基站140服務，基站140到其所在社區120內的K個使用者設備的下行通道矩陣分別為。同時，基站130的下行信號會對社區120內的各使用者設備造成干擾，基站130到社區120內的K個使用者設備的干擾下行通道矩陣為。 Hereinafter, the downlink channel matrix of the base station j to the user equipment i in the community is marked as Marking the interference downlink channel matrix of another base station 3-j to the user equipment i as . As shown in FIG. 1, each user equipment in the community 110 (ie, community 1) is served by the base station 130, and the downlink channel matrices of the base station 130 to the K user equipments in the community 110 are respectively . At the same time, the downlink signal of the base station 140 interferes with each user equipment in the community 110, and the interference downlink channel matrix of the base station 140 to the K user equipments in the community 110 is . Similarly, each user equipment in community 120 (ie, community 2) is served by base station 140, and the downlink channel matrices of base station 140 to K user equipments in community 120 are respectively . At the same time, the downlink signal of the base station 130 causes interference to each user equipment in the community 120, and the interference downlink channel matrix of the K user equipments in the base station 130 to the community 120 is .

圖2示出了根據本發明的一個具體實施例的用於合作多點下行傳輸的方法的流程圖；圖3示出了根據本發明的一個具體實施例的用於合作多點下行傳輸的裝置的框圖。每個基站中都設有用於合作多點下行傳輸的裝置300。如圖3所示，裝置300包括第一確定單元310、獲取單元320、選擇單元330以及第二確定單元340。 2 shows a flow diagram of a method for cooperative multipoint downlink transmission in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 illustrates a device for cooperative multipoint downlink transmission in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Block diagram. A device 300 for cooperative multipoint downlink transmission is provided in each base station. As shown in FIG. 3, the apparatus 300 includes a first determining unit 310, an obtaining unit 320, a selecting unit 330, and a second determining unit 340.

參照圖2和圖3，在步驟S210中，第一確定單元310 確定第一參考向量b ref 。 Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, in step S210, the first determining unit 310 determines a first reference vector b ref .

根據本發明的一個具體實施例，第一參考向量是社區110內的K個使用者設備和社區120內的K個使用者設備中的一個使用者設備的下行通道矩陣的右奇異向量。 In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the first reference vector is a right singular vector of the downlink channel matrix of the K user devices in the community 110 and one of the K user devices in the community 120.

在一個例子中，隨機選擇一個使用者設備，並且將該使用者設備的下行通道矩陣的最大奇異值(即第1個奇異值)所對應的右奇異向量作為第一參考向量。具體地，如果選擇了社區j中的使用者設備i，以及該使用者設備的下行通道選的奇異值分解(singular value decomposition,SVD)為 則將用於干擾對齊的第一參考向量確定為 In one example, a user equipment is randomly selected, and the right singular vector corresponding to the largest singular value of the downlink channel matrix of the user equipment (ie, the first singular value) is used as the first reference vector. Specifically, if the user equipment i in the community j is selected, and the downlink channel of the user equipment The selected singular value decomposition (SVD) is Determining the first reference vector for interference alignment as

在另一個例子中，如此確定第一參考向量以使得作為所述第一參考向量的右奇異向量所對應的奇異值是所有使用者設備的下行通道矩陣的奇異值中最大的。具體地，根據以下公式確定第一參考向量b ref ： 其中，表示社區j中的使用者設備i的第m個奇異值。 In another example, the first reference vector is determined such that the singular value corresponding to the right singular vector of the first reference vector is the largest of the singular values of the downlink channel matrix of all user equipments. Specifically, the first reference vector b ref is determined according to the following formula: among them, Represents the mth singular value of user device i in community j.

根據本發明的一個具體實施例，上述步驟S210包 括：確定所述第一社區內的所述多個使用者設備中的所有使用者設備的下行通道矩陣的奇異值中最大的奇異值以及對應的右奇異向量，並將其發送給所述第二基站；從所述第二基站接收所述第二社區內的所述多個使用者設備中的所有使用者設備的下行通道矩陣的奇異值中最大的奇異值以及對應的右奇異向量；以及根據所確定的所述奇異值以及對應的右奇異向量、以及所接收的所述奇異值以及對應的右奇異向量，將所述第一參考向量確定為所確定的所述奇異值和所接收的所述奇異值中較大的那個所對應的右奇異向量。 According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the above step S210 includes Include: determining a largest singular value of a singular value of a downlink channel matrix of all user equipments in the first community, and a corresponding right singular vector, and transmitting the same to the a second base station; receiving, from the second base station, a largest singular value of a singular value of a downlink channel matrix of all user equipments of the plurality of user equipments in the second community, and a corresponding right singular vector; Determining, according to the determined singular value and the corresponding right singular vector, and the received singular value and the corresponding right singular vector, the determined singular value and the received The right singular vector corresponding to the larger of the singular values.

換言之，首先，每個基站找出本社區的所有使用者設備的下行通道矩陣的奇異值中的最大的那個以及對應的奇異向量，並將其發送給另一基站；其次，每個基站通過比較本社區的所有使用者設備的下行通道矩陣的奇異值中的最大奇異值以及從另一基站所接收的奇異值(其為另一社區的所有使用者設備的下行通道矩陣的奇異值中的最大奇異值)而找到兩個社區中的所有使用者設備的下行通道矩陣的奇異值中的最大的那個。 In other words, first, each base station finds the largest one of the singular values of the downlink channel matrix of all user equipments of the community and the corresponding singular vector, and transmits it to another base station; secondly, each base station compares The largest singular value of the singular values of the downlink channel matrix of all user equipments in the community and the singular value received from another base station (which is the largest of the singular values of the downlink channel matrix of all user equipments of another community) The singular value) finds the largest of the singular values of the downstream channel matrix of all user devices in both communities.

以這種方式，每個基站僅需要知道本社區內的使用者設備的下行通道矩陣，而無需知道另一社區內的使用者設備的下行通道矩陣。 In this way, each base station only needs to know the downlink channel matrix of the user equipment in the community without knowing the downlink channel matrix of the user equipment in the other community.

繼續參照圖2和圖3，在步驟S220中，獲取單元320獲取對應於所述第一社區內的多個使用者設備中的每一個使用者的第一通道向量，所述第一通道向量表示對應的使 用者設備在使用第一接收向量時的有效下行通道，所述第一接收向量是根據將來自所述第二基站的干擾對齊到所述第一參考向量的干擾對齊準則而確定的。 With continued reference to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, in step S220, the obtaining unit 320 acquires a first channel vector corresponding to each of the plurality of user devices in the first community, the first channel vector representation Corresponding The active downlink channel of the user equipment when the first received vector is used, the first received vector being determined based on an interference alignment criterion that aligns interference from the second base station to the first reference vector.

值得注意的是，各使用者設備實際上並不一定使用第一接收向量來接收來自基站的期望信號。使用者設備能夠與第一接收向量無關地設計其接收向量，諸如通過零強制(zero-forcing)、最大比合併(maximum ratio combining)或最小均方誤差(minimum mean square error,MMSE)等方式。 It is worth noting that each user equipment does not actually use the first receive vector to receive the desired signal from the base station. The user equipment can design its reception vector independently of the first reception vector, such as by zero-forcing, maximum ratio combining, or minimum mean square error (MMSE).

根據本發明的一個具體實施例，所述干擾對齊準則以如下公式表示： 其中w [i,j]表示社區j內的使用者設備i的第一接收向量。 According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the interference alignment criterion is expressed by the following formula: Where w [ i , j ] represents the first reception vector of the user equipment i in the community j.

在確定第一接收向量w [i,j]之後，能夠如下確定表示有效下行通道的第一通道向量： 其中表示社區j內的使用者設備i的第一通道向量。 After determining the first received vector w [ i , j ] , the first channel vector representing the valid downstream channel can be determined as follows: among them Represents the first channel vector of user device i within community j.

根據本發明的一個具體實施例，能夠由基站確定本社區內的使用者設備的第一接收向量、繼而確定第一通道向量。根據本發明的一個具體實施例，能夠由使用者設備各自確定自身的第一接收向量、繼而確定第一通道向量。 According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the first reception vector of the user equipment within the community can be determined by the base station, and then the first channel vector is determined. According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the first channel vector can be determined by the user device, respectively, and then the first channel vector.

在由基站確定的情形下，步驟S220包括：對於所述第一社區(例如社區j)的所述多個使用者設備中的每一個使用者設備，所述第一基站(例如基站j)獲取該使用 者設備的下行通道矩陣以及所述第二基站(例如基站3-j)至該使用者設備的干擾下行通道矩陣，並且根據所述第一參考向量b ref 、以及所獲取的干擾下行通道矩陣，確定第一接收向量w [i,j]，繼而根據所獲取的下行通道矩陣、以及所確定的第一接收向量w [i,j]，確定該使用者設備的第一通道向量。 In the case determined by the base station, step S220 includes: for each of the plurality of user devices of the first community (eg, community j), the first base station (eg, base station j) acquires Downstream channel matrix of the user equipment And an interference downlink channel matrix of the second base station (eg, base station 3-j) to the user equipment And according to the first reference vector b ref and the acquired interference downlink channel matrix Determining the first received vector w [ i , j ] and then according to the acquired downlink channel matrix And determining the first received vector w [ i , j ] to determine the first channel vector of the user equipment .

在由使用者設備確定的情形下，步驟S220包括：所述第一基站(例如基站j)向所述第一社區(例如社區j)的所述多個使用者設備發送所述第一參考向量b ref ；以及從所述第一社區的所述多個使用者設備中的每一個接收該使用者設備的所述第一通道向量。相應地，社區j內的使用者設備i在接收到來自基站j的所述第一參考向量b ref 之後，根據所接收的第一參考向量b ref 、以及其干擾下行通道矩陣，確定第一接收向量w [i,j]，繼而根據其下行通道矩陣、以及所確定的第一接收向量w [i,j]，確定其第一通道向量，並將該第一通道向量發送給基站j。 In the case determined by the user equipment, step S220 includes: the first base station (eg, base station j) transmitting the first reference vector to the plurality of user equipments of the first community (eg, community j) b ref ; and receiving the first channel vector of the user device from each of the plurality of user devices of the first community. Correspondingly, after receiving the first reference vector b ref from the base station j, the user equipment i in the community j according to the received first reference vector b ref and its interference downlink channel matrix Determining the first received vector w [ i , j ] and then according to its downstream channel matrix And the determined first received vector w [ i , j ] to determine its first channel vector And transmitting the first channel vector to the base station j.

繼續參照圖2和圖3，在步驟S230中，選擇單元330根據所述第一參考向量、所述第一社區內的所述多個使用者設備的第一通道向量、以及預先確定的排程準則，從所述第一社區內的所述多個使用者設備中選擇一個或多個使用者設備。 With continued reference to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, in step S230, the selecting unit 330 is configured according to the first reference vector, the first channel vector of the plurality of user devices in the first community, and a predetermined schedule. a criterion for selecting one or more user devices from the plurality of user devices within the first community.

根據本發明的一個具體實施例，在上述步驟S230中，利用迭代零強制演算法，從所述第一社區內的所述多個使用者設備中選擇所述一個或多個使用者設備。此外， 所述排程準則是最大速率(maximum rate)排程、比例公平性(proportional fairness)排程、或者輪詢(round robin)排程等。 According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the above step S230, the one or more user equipments are selected from the plurality of user equipments in the first community by using an iterative zero-force algorithm. In addition, The scheduling criteria are a maximum rate schedule, a proportional fairness schedule, or a round robin schedule.

下面以最大速率排程為例具體說明基站如何利用迭代破零演算法從本社區內的多個使用者設備中選擇一個或多個使用者設備，所選擇的一個或多個使用者設備構成用於下行傳輸的一個使用者設備子集。迭代破零演算法包括三個階段： 1)初始化，令以及Ω S =Ø(即將使用者設備子集初始化為空)，其中為虛設的使用者設備的索引；2)在第1次迭代(即i=1)中，選擇虛設的使用者設備作為第一個選擇出的使用者設備，並且如下更新使用者設備子集、矩陣、Q 1以及最大速率C 1： C sum =log2(1+Pτ) 其中τ是第一參考向量的范數平方，即；3)對於之後的迭代，即i=2：Ma)對於每一個l Ω S ，進行如下過程：1.令，如下更新矩陣、Q 1 其中，,,r i,i =∥q i ∥；2.計算相應的最大速率，若，則 b)根據最大速率排程準則，找出待選擇的使用者設備，即 c)如果C i C sum ，演算法結束，否則，如下更新使用者設備子集、矩陣、Q i 以及最大速率C i ：Ω S =Ω S ∪{v i },Ω C =Ω C \{v i },C sum =C i 。 The following uses the maximum rate schedule as an example to illustrate how the base station selects one or more user equipments from multiple user equipments in the community by using an iterative zero-break algorithm. The selected one or more user equipments are configured. A subset of user devices that are transmitted downstream. The iterative zero-breaking algorithm consists of three phases: 1) Initialization, order And Ω S = Ø (that is, the user device subset is initialized to be empty), where An index of the dummy user device; 2) in the first iteration (ie, i=1), selecting the dummy user device as the first selected user device, and updating the user device subset as follows, matrix , Q 1 and maximum rate C 1 : C sum =log 2 (1+ Pτ ) where τ is the norm square of the first reference vector, ie ; 3) For subsequent iterations, ie i=2: Ma) for each l Ω S , proceed as follows: 1. Order , update matrix as follows , Q 1 among them, , , r i , i =∥ q i ∥; 2. Calculate the corresponding maximum rate, if ,then b) Find the user equipment to be selected according to the maximum rate scheduling criterion, ie c) if C i C sum , the algorithm ends, otherwise, the user device subset, matrix is updated as follows , Q i and the maximum rate C i : Ω S = Ω S ∪ { v i }, Ω C = Ω C \{ v i }, C sum = C i .

繼續參照圖2和圖3，在步驟S240中，第二確定單元340根據所述第一參考向量、所選擇的一個或多個使用者設備的所述第一通道向量、以及預先確定的波束成形準則，確定用於所述所選擇的一個或多個使用者設備中的每一個的下行傳輸的第一預編碼向量。 With continued reference to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, in step S240, the second determining unit 340 is configured according to the first reference vector, the first channel vector of the selected one or more user equipments, and predetermined beamforming. A criterion is to determine a first precoding vector for downlink transmission of each of the selected one or more user equipments.

例如，所述波束成形準則能夠是零強制(zero-forcing)，即能夠以如下公式確定用於波束成形的預編碼向量： 其中t [i,j]是用於社區j內的使用者設備i的下行傳輸的預編碼向量，α [i,j]是歸一化因數以歸一化預編碼向量，即使得∥t [i,j]∥2=1，符號“†”表示偽逆(pseudo inverse)。 For example, the beamforming criterion can be zero-forcing, ie the precoding vector for beamforming can be determined by the following formula: Where t [ i , j ] is a precoding vector for downlink transmission of user equipment i within community j, α [ i , j ] is a normalization factor to normalize the precoding vector, ie ∥ t [ i , j ] ∥ 2 =1, the symbol “†” means pseudo inverse.

作為替代，所述波束成形準則還能夠是最小均方誤差。 Alternatively, the beamforming criterion can also be a minimum mean square error.

本領域技術人員應能理解，上述實施例均是示例性而非限制性的。在不同實施例中出現的不同技術特徵可以進行組合，以取得有益效果。本領域技術人員在研究附圖、說明書及申請專利範圍的基礎上，應能理解並實現所揭示的實施例的其他變化的實施例。在申請專利範圍中，術語“包括”並不排除其他裝置或步驟；不定冠詞“一個”不排除多個；術語“第一”、“第二”用於標示名稱而非用於表示任何特定的順序。申請專利範圍中的任何附圖標記均不應被理解為對保護範圍的限制。某些技術特徵出現在不同的從屬申請專利範圍中並不意味著不能將這些技術特徵進行組合以取得有益效果。 Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-described embodiments are illustrative and not restrictive. Different technical features that appear in different embodiments can be combined to achieve a beneficial effect. Other variations of the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by those skilled in the <RTIgt; The word "comprising" does not exclude other means or steps in the scope of the claims; the indefinite article "a" or "an" order. Any reference signs in the patent application should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. The mere presence of certain technical features in the scope of the different sub-claims does not mean that these technical features cannot be combined to obtain a beneficial effect.

Claims (11)

一種在第一社區內的第一基站中用於該第一社區與第二社區間的合作多點下行傳輸的方法，其中該第一基站和該第二社區內的第二基站均配備有多個天線，該方法包括以下步驟：A.確定第一參考向量；B.獲取對應於該第一社區內的多個使用者設備中的每一個使用者的第一通道向量，該第一通道向量表示對應的使用者設備在使用第一接收向量時的有效下行通道，該第一接收向量是根據將來自該第二基站的干擾對齊到該第一參考向量的干擾對齊準則而確定的；C.根據該第一參考向量、該第一社區內的該多個使用者設備的該第一通道向量、以及預先確定的排程準則，從該第一社區內的該多個使用者設備中選擇一個或多個使用者設備；以及D.根據該第一參考向量、所選擇的一個或多個使用者設備的該第一通道向量、以及預先確定的波束成形準則，確定用於該所選擇的一個或多個使用者設備中的每一個的下行傳輸的第一預編碼向量。 A method for cooperative multi-point downlink transmission between a first community and a second community in a first base station in a first community, wherein the first base station and the second base station in the second community are both equipped Antennas, the method comprising the steps of: A. determining a first reference vector; B. acquiring a first channel vector corresponding to each of a plurality of user devices within the first community, the first channel vector Determining a valid downlink channel of the corresponding user equipment when using the first receiving vector, the first receiving vector being determined according to an interference alignment criterion that aligns interference from the second base station to the first reference vector; C. Selecting one of the plurality of user devices in the first community according to the first reference vector, the first channel vector of the plurality of user devices in the first community, and predetermined scheduling criteria Or a plurality of user devices; and D. determining for the first reference vector, the first channel vector of the selected one or more user devices, and predetermined beamforming criteria A first precoding vector downlink transmission to one or more user devices selected in each. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述的方法，其中，該第一參考向量是該第一社區內的該多個使用者設備和該第二社區內的多個使用者設備中的一個使用者設備的下行通道矩陣的右奇異向量。 The method of claim 1, wherein the first reference vector is one of the plurality of user devices in the first community and the plurality of user devices in the second community The right singular vector of the descending channel matrix. 根據申請專利範圍第2項所述的方法，其中，作 為該第一參考向量的右奇異向量所對應的奇異值是該第一社區內的該多個使用者設備和該第二社區內的該多個使用者設備中的所有使用者設備的下行通道矩陣的奇異值中最大的。 According to the method described in claim 2, wherein The singular value corresponding to the right singular vector of the first reference vector is a downlink channel of the plurality of user equipments in the first community and all user equipments in the plurality of user equipments in the second community The largest of the singular values of the matrix. 根據申請專利範圍第3項所述的方法，其中，在該步驟A中包括：A1.確定該第一社區內的該多個使用者設備中的所有使用者設備的下行通道矩陣的奇異值中最大的奇異值以及對應的右奇異向量，並將其發送給該第二基站；A2.從該第二基站接收該第二社區內的該多個使用者設備中的所有使用者設備的下行通道矩陣的奇異值中最大的奇異值以及對應的右奇異向量；以及A3.根據所確定的該奇異值以及對應的右奇異向量、以及所接收的該奇異值以及對應的右奇異向量，確定該第一參考向量。 The method of claim 3, wherein the step A includes: A1. determining a singular value of a downlink channel matrix of all user equipments of the plurality of user equipments in the first community. a maximum singular value and a corresponding right singular vector, and sent to the second base station; A2. receiving, from the second base station, a downlink channel of all user equipments of the plurality of user equipments in the second community The largest singular value of the singular value of the matrix and the corresponding right singular vector; and A3. determining the first according to the determined singular value and the corresponding right singular vector, and the received singular value and the corresponding right singular vector A reference vector. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述的方法，其中，該干擾對齊準則以如下公式表示： 其中，b ref 表示該第一參考向量，w [i,j]表示該第一社區j的該多個使用者設備中的使用者設備i的第一接收向量，表示該第二社區3-j內的該第二基站至該第一社區j的該使用者設備i的下行通道矩陣。 The method of claim 1, wherein the interference alignment criterion is expressed by the following formula: Wherein b ref represents the first reference vector, and w [ i , j ] represents a first receiving vector of the user equipment i of the plurality of user equipments of the first community j, A downlink channel matrix of the user equipment i of the second base station to the first community j in the second community 3-j. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述的方法，其中，在該步驟B中包括：對於該第一社區的該多個使用者設備中 的每一個使用者設備，B11.獲取該使用者設備的下行通道矩陣以及該第二基站至該使用者設備的干擾下行通道矩陣；以及B12.根據該第一參考向量、所獲取的下行通道矩陣、所獲取的干擾下行通道矩陣，確定該使用者設備的該第一通道向量。 The method of claim 1, wherein the step B includes: for the plurality of user devices of the first community Each user equipment, B11. Obtain a downlink channel matrix of the user equipment and an interference downlink channel matrix of the second base station to the user equipment; and B12. according to the first reference vector, the obtained downlink channel matrix And obtaining the interference downlink channel matrix, and determining the first channel vector of the user equipment. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述的方法，其中，在該步驟B中包括：B21.向該第一社區的該多個使用者設備發送該第一參考向量；以及B22.從該第一社區的該多個使用者設備中的每一個接收該使用者設備的該第一通道向量。 The method of claim 1, wherein the step B includes: B21. transmitting the first reference vector to the plurality of user devices of the first community; and B22. from the first community Each of the plurality of user devices receives the first channel vector of the user device. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述的方法，其中，在該步驟C中，利用迭代零強制演算法，從該第一社區內的該多個使用者設備中選擇該一個或多個使用者設備。 The method of claim 1, wherein in the step C, the one or more user devices are selected from the plurality of user devices in the first community by using an iterative zero-force algorithm . 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述的方法，其中，該排程準則是最大速率排程、比例公平性排程、或者輪詢排程。 The method of claim 1, wherein the scheduling criterion is a maximum rate schedule, a proportional fairness schedule, or a polling schedule. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述的方法，其中，該波束成形準則是零強制或者最小均方誤差。 The method of claim 1, wherein the beamforming criterion is zero forcing or minimum mean square error. 一種在第一社區內的第一基站中用於所述第一社區與第二社區間的合作多點下行傳輸的裝置，其中該第一基站和該第二社區內的第二基站均配備有多個天線，該裝置包括： - 第一確定單元，其確定第一參考向量；- 獲取單元，其獲取對應於該第一社區內的多個使用者設備中的每一個使用者的第一通道向量，該第一通道向量表示對應的使用者設備在使用第一接收向量時的有效下行通道，該第一接收向量是根據將來自該第二基站的干擾對齊到該第一參考向量的干擾對齊準則而確定的；- 選擇單元，其根據該第一參考向量、該第一社區內的該多個使用者設備的該第一通道向量、以及預先確定的排程準則，從該第一社區內的該多個使用者設備中選擇一個或多個使用者設備；以及- 第二確定單元，其根據該第一參考向量、所選擇的一個或多個使用者設備的該第一通道向量、以及預先確定的波束成形準則，確定用於該所選擇的一個或多個使用者設備中的每一個的下行傳輸的第一預編碼向量。 An apparatus for cooperative multi-point downlink transmission between the first community and a second community in a first base station in a first community, wherein the first base station and the second base station in the second community are both equipped with Multiple antennas, the device includes: a first determining unit that determines a first reference vector; an acquisition unit that acquires a first channel vector corresponding to each of a plurality of user devices within the first community, the first channel vector representation a valid downlink channel when the corresponding user equipment uses the first reception vector, the first reception vector is determined according to an interference alignment criterion that aligns interference from the second base station to the first reference vector; Obtaining from the plurality of user devices in the first community according to the first reference vector, the first channel vector of the plurality of user devices in the first community, and predetermined scheduling criteria Selecting one or more user devices; and - a second determining unit determining, based on the first reference vector, the first channel vector of the selected one or more user devices, and predetermined beamforming criteria A first precoding vector for downlink transmission of each of the selected one or more user equipments.
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