TW201412663A - Curved plate manufacturing method - Google Patents
Curved plate manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW201412663A TW201412663A TW102124981A TW102124981A TW201412663A TW 201412663 A TW201412663 A TW 201412663A TW 102124981 A TW102124981 A TW 102124981A TW 102124981 A TW102124981 A TW 102124981A TW 201412663 A TW201412663 A TW 201412663A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- glass sheet
- tempered glass
- curved
- laser light
- tensile stress
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B33/00—Severing cooled glass
- C03B33/02—Cutting or splitting sheet glass or ribbons; Apparatus or machines therefor
- C03B33/04—Cutting or splitting in curves, especially for making spectacle lenses
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B33/00—Severing cooled glass
- C03B33/09—Severing cooled glass by thermal shock
- C03B33/091—Severing cooled glass by thermal shock using at least one focussed radiation beam, e.g. laser beam
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
- C03B23/02—Re-forming glass sheets
- C03B23/023—Re-forming glass sheets by bending
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
- C03B23/02—Re-forming glass sheets
- C03B23/023—Re-forming glass sheets by bending
- C03B23/025—Re-forming glass sheets by bending by gravity
- C03B23/0252—Re-forming glass sheets by bending by gravity by gravity only, e.g. sagging
- C03B23/0254—Re-forming glass sheets by bending by gravity by gravity only, e.g. sagging in a continuous way, e.g. gravity roll bending
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B27/00—Tempering or quenching glass products
- C03B27/04—Tempering or quenching glass products using gas
- C03B27/0422—Tempering or quenching glass products using gas for flat or bent glass sheets starting in an horizontal position and ending in a non-horizontal position
- C03B27/0426—Tempering or quenching glass products using gas for flat or bent glass sheets starting in an horizontal position and ending in a non-horizontal position for bent glass sheets
Abstract
Description
本發明係關於一種彎曲板之製造方法。 The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a curved plate.
作為使玻璃強化之強化法，存在例如風冷強化法等之物理強化法、離子交換法等之化學強化法。強化玻璃板係使玻璃板之正面或背面產生殘留壓縮應力，而使玻璃板之正面或背面強化者。 As a strengthening method for strengthening the glass, there are chemical strengthening methods such as a physical strengthening method such as an air cooling strengthening method and an ion exchange method. The tempered glass sheet causes residual compressive stress on the front or back side of the glass sheet to strengthen the front or back side of the glass sheet.
先前，強化玻璃板之切斷較為困難，彎曲強化玻璃板即彎曲板之製造係藉由如下方法而進行：將玻璃板以製品尺寸切斷，且彎曲成形之後，使其強化(例如，參照專利文獻1)。 Previously, it was difficult to cut the tempered glass sheet, and the bending tempered glass sheet, that is, the curved sheet, was produced by cutting the glass sheet at the product size and strengthening it after bending (for example, refer to the patent) Document 1).
專利文獻1：日本專利特開2000-72461號公報 Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2000-72461
圖1係玻璃板之彎曲成形之說明圖(1)。圖2係將圖1之玻璃板沿A面切斷而表示之剖面圖。如圖1所示，在使藉由加熱而軟化之玻璃板1彎曲成形時，於玻璃板1之凸曲面2上，沿其曲線而產生拉伸應力，且在與曲線垂直之方向上產生拉伸應力及與泊鬆比相應之壓縮應力。另一方面，於玻璃板1之凹曲面3上，沿其曲線而產生壓縮應力，且在與曲線垂直之方向上產生壓縮應力及與泊鬆比相應之拉伸應力。如此，在凸曲面2與凹曲面3上形成不同之應力場，從而如圖2所示，存在玻 璃板1之兩端1a、1b朝未預計之方向翹曲之問題。玻璃板1之兩端1a、1b翹曲之原因在於，玻璃板1之端為自由端，故而較玻璃板1之內部更易自由地活動。 Fig. 1 is an explanatory view (1) of bending forming of a glass sheet. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the glass plate of Fig. 1 cut along the A side. As shown in FIG. 1, when the glass sheet 1 softened by heating is bent and formed, tensile stress is generated along the curved line of the convex curved surface 2 of the glass sheet 1, and the pulling is generated in the direction perpendicular to the curve. Extensive stress and compressive stress corresponding to Poisson's ratio. On the other hand, on the concave curved surface 3 of the glass sheet 1, compressive stress is generated along the curved line thereof, and compressive stress and tensile stress corresponding to the Poisson's ratio are generated in a direction perpendicular to the curved line. Thus, different stress fields are formed on the convex curved surface 2 and the concave curved surface 3, so that there is a glass as shown in FIG. The problem that the ends 1a, 1b of the glass plate 1 warp in an unexpected direction. The reason why the both ends 1a, 1b of the glass plate 1 are warped is that the end of the glass plate 1 is a free end, so that it is more free to move than the inside of the glass plate 1.
圖3係玻璃板之彎曲成形之說明圖(2)。圖3中，一面以複數個搬送輥4搬送藉由加熱而軟化之玻璃板1，一面彎曲成形玻璃板1。複數個搬送輥4形成彎曲狀之斜度向上之搬送路徑。由於玻璃板1之前端1c或後端1d為自由端，故而於前端1c或後端1d上難以產生彎曲應力，於前端1c或後端1d上易產生彎曲不足。 Fig. 3 is an explanatory view (2) of bending of a glass plate. In Fig. 3, the glass plate 1 is bent and formed by a plurality of conveying rollers 4, and the glass plate 1 softened by heating is conveyed. The plurality of conveying rollers 4 form a curved upwardly inclined conveying path. Since the front end 1c or the rear end 1d of the glass sheet 1 is a free end, it is difficult to generate bending stress on the front end 1c or the rear end 1d, and the bending is insufficient at the front end 1c or the rear end 1d.
圖4係玻璃板之彎曲成形之說明圖(3)。圖4中，在一面以複數個搬送輥4搬送玻璃板1，一面彎曲成形玻璃板1時，以使玻璃板1之搬送路徑成為行進波之方式而使複數個搬送輥4上下移動。該方法亦與圖3之方法同樣地，於玻璃板1之前端1c或後端1d上易產生彎曲不足。 Fig. 4 is an explanatory view (3) of the bending of the glass sheet. In the case where the glass sheet 1 is formed by a plurality of conveying rollers 4 while the glass sheet 1 is being bent, the plurality of conveying rollers 4 are moved up and down so that the conveying path of the glass sheet 1 becomes a traveling wave. Also in this method, similarly to the method of Fig. 3, insufficient bending is likely to occur on the front end 1c or the rear end 1d of the glass sheet 1.
圖5係玻璃板之彎曲成形之說明圖(4)。如圖5所示，於玻璃板1之端部上形成有貫通孔1e之情形時，於貫通孔1e之周邊部分1f上，難以產生彎曲應力，易產生彎曲不足。玻璃板1例如為車輛用窗玻璃，貫通孔1e例如為雨刮孔。 Fig. 5 is an explanatory view (4) of the bending of the glass sheet. As shown in Fig. 5, when the through hole 1e is formed in the end portion of the glass sheet 1, the bending stress is hard to occur in the peripheral portion 1f of the through hole 1e, and the bending is likely to occur. The glass plate 1 is, for example, a window glass for a vehicle, and the through hole 1e is, for example, a rain mask hole.
圖6係玻璃板之彎曲成形之說明圖(5)。如圖6所示，於玻璃板1之外周之一部分凹陷之情形時，於玻璃板1之凸部分1g上，難以產生彎曲應力，易產生彎曲不足。玻璃板1例如為車輛用窗玻璃。 Fig. 6 is an explanatory view (5) of the bending of the glass sheet. As shown in Fig. 6, in the case where one of the outer circumferences of the glass sheet 1 is partially recessed, it is difficult to generate bending stress on the convex portion 1g of the glass sheet 1, and the bending is liable to occur. The glass plate 1 is, for example, a window glass for a vehicle.
如此，於玻璃板之彎曲成形中，易產生未預計之翹曲或彎曲不足等之問題，從而難以製造所要求之形狀之玻璃板。 As described above, in the bending of the glass sheet, problems such as unpredictable warpage or insufficient bending are liable to occur, and it is difficult to manufacture a glass sheet of a desired shape.
先前，強化玻璃板之切斷較為困難，故而彎曲強化玻璃板即彎曲板之製造係藉由如下方式而進行：將玻璃板以製品尺寸切斷，且彎曲成形之後，使其強化。於彎曲成形製品尺寸之玻璃板時，如上所述，會產生翹曲或彎曲不足等之問題，從而難以獲得所要求之形狀之彎曲板。 Conventionally, it has been difficult to cut the tempered glass sheet. Therefore, the bending tempered glass sheet, that is, the curved sheet, is produced by cutting the glass sheet by the product size and strengthening it after bending. When the glass plate of the molded article size is bent, as described above, problems such as warpage or insufficient bending occur, and it is difficult to obtain a curved plate of a desired shape.
本發明係鑒於上述課題而完成者，其目的在於提供一種可獲得所要求之形狀之彎曲板之製造方法。 The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a method of manufacturing a curved plate having a desired shape.
為解決上述課題，一態樣之彎曲板之製造方法包含：成形步驟，其將藉由加熱而軟化之玻璃板彎曲成形；強化步驟，其將已彎曲成形之玻璃板之正面及背面強化而製作強化玻璃板，該強化玻璃包含：具有殘留壓縮應力之作為強化層之正面層及背面層、以及形成於該正面層與背面層之間且具有內部殘留拉伸應力之中間層；及切斷步驟，其使上述強化玻璃板上之雷射光之照射位置移動，使於板厚方向貫通上述強化玻璃板之裂紋伸展，而自上述強化玻璃板切出彎曲板；該切斷步驟係藉由上述雷射光而以徐冷點以下之溫度將上述中間層局部地加熱，使上述中間層局部地產生較上述內部殘留拉伸應力小之拉伸應力或壓縮應力，而控制由上述內部殘留拉伸應力而引起之裂紋之伸展速度。 In order to solve the above problems, a method for manufacturing a curved plate includes a forming step of bending a glass sheet softened by heating, and a strengthening step of reinforcing the front and back surfaces of the bent glass sheet. a tempered glass comprising: a front layer and a back layer as a reinforcing layer having residual compressive stress; and an intermediate layer formed between the front layer and the back layer and having internal residual tensile stress; and a cutting step And moving the irradiation position of the laser light on the tempered glass plate to extend the crack in the thickness direction of the tempered glass plate, and cutting the curved plate from the tempered glass plate; the cutting step is performed by the thunder The intermediate layer is locally heated by a temperature lower than a cold spot, and the intermediate layer locally generates tensile stress or compressive stress which is smaller than the internal residual tensile stress, and is controlled by the internal residual tensile stress. The speed at which the crack is caused.
根據本發明，提供一種可獲得所要求之形狀之彎曲板之製造方法。 According to the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a curved plate having a desired shape.
1‧‧‧玻璃板 1‧‧‧glass plate
1a、1b‧‧‧兩端 1a, 1b‧‧‧ both ends
1c‧‧‧前端 1c‧‧‧ front end
1d‧‧‧後端 1d‧‧‧ backend
1e‧‧‧貫通孔 1e‧‧‧through hole
1f‧‧‧周邊部分 1f‧‧‧ peripheral parts
1g‧‧‧凸部分 1g‧‧‧ convex part
2‧‧‧凸曲面 2‧‧‧ convex surface
3‧‧‧凹曲面 3‧‧‧ concave surface
4‧‧‧搬送輥 4‧‧‧Transport roller
10‧‧‧強化玻璃板 10‧‧‧Strengthened glass panels
12‧‧‧正面 12‧‧‧ positive
13‧‧‧正面層 13‧‧‧ front layer
14‧‧‧背面 14‧‧‧ Back
15‧‧‧背面層 15‧‧‧Back layer
17‧‧‧中間層 17‧‧‧Intermediate
19‧‧‧樹脂 19‧‧‧Resin
20‧‧‧雷射光 20‧‧‧Laser light
21‧‧‧光軸 21‧‧‧ optical axis
30‧‧‧裂紋 30‧‧‧ crack
40‧‧‧氣體 40‧‧‧ gas
50‧‧‧噴嘴 50‧‧‧ nozzle
51‧‧‧中心軸 51‧‧‧ center axis
101、102、103、104、105‧‧‧彎曲板 101, 102, 103, 104, 105‧‧‧ bending plates
CS‧‧‧最大殘留壓縮應力 CS‧‧‧Maximum residual compressive stress
CT‧‧‧內部殘留拉伸應力 CT‧‧‧ Internal residual tensile stress
DOL‧‧‧厚度 DOL‧‧‧ thickness
圖1係玻璃板之彎曲成形之說明圖(1)。 Fig. 1 is an explanatory view (1) of bending forming of a glass sheet.
圖2係將圖1之玻璃板沿A面切斷而表示之剖面圖。 Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the glass plate of Fig. 1 cut along the A side.
圖3係玻璃板之彎曲成形之說明圖(2)。 Fig. 3 is an explanatory view (2) of bending of a glass plate.
圖4係玻璃板之彎曲成形之說明圖(3)。 Fig. 4 is an explanatory view (3) of the bending of the glass sheet.
圖5係玻璃板之彎曲成形之說明圖(4)。 Fig. 5 is an explanatory view (4) of the bending of the glass sheet.
圖6係玻璃板之彎曲成形之說明圖(5)。 Fig. 6 is an explanatory view (5) of the bending of the glass sheet.
圖7係表示強化玻璃板之一例之剖面圖。 Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a tempered glass sheet.
圖8係表示風冷強化玻璃板之殘留應力分佈之一例之模式圖。 Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing an example of a residual stress distribution of an air-cooled tempered glass sheet.
圖9係表示化學強化玻璃板之殘留應力分佈之一例之模式圖。 Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing an example of a residual stress distribution of a chemically strengthened glass plate.
圖10係第1實施形態之切斷步驟之說明圖。 Fig. 10 is an explanatory view showing a cutting step of the first embodiment.
圖11係表示強化玻璃板上之雷射光之照射位置、與裂紋之前端位置之關係之一例的圖。 Fig. 11 is a view showing an example of the relationship between the irradiation position of the laser light on the tempered glass sheet and the position of the front end of the crack.
圖12係表示沿圖11之A-A線之剖面上之應力分佈之一例的模式圖。 Fig. 12 is a schematic view showing an example of the stress distribution on the cross section taken along line A-A of Fig. 11.
圖13係表示沿圖11之B-B線之剖面上之應力分佈之一例的模式圖。 Fig. 13 is a schematic view showing an example of a stress distribution on a cross section taken along line B-B of Fig. 11.
圖14(a)-(c)係表示自強化玻璃板切出之彎曲板之切出位置之一例的圖。 14(a) to 14(c) are views showing an example of a cut position of a curved plate cut out from a tempered glass sheet.
圖15係表示自強化玻璃板切出之彎曲板之切出位置之另一例的圖。 Fig. 15 is a view showing another example of the cut position of the curved plate cut out from the tempered glass sheet.
圖16(a)、(b)係表示第1實施形態之保護步驟之圖。 Fig. 16 (a) and (b) are views showing the protection steps of the first embodiment.
圖17係第2實施形態之切斷步驟之說明圖。 Fig. 17 is an explanatory view showing a cutting step of the second embodiment.
以下，參照附圖對用以實施本發明之形態進行說明。於各附圖中，對於相同或對應之構成，標註相同或對應之符號而省略說明。 Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the respective drawings, the same or corresponding components are denoted by the same or corresponding numerals, and the description is omitted.
彎曲強化玻璃板即彎曲板之製造方法依序包含：成形步驟、強化步驟、及切斷步驟。 The manufacturing method of the curved tempered glass sheet, that is, the curved sheet, comprises, in order, a forming step, a strengthening step, and a cutting step.
成形步驟係使藉由加熱而軟化之玻璃板彎曲成形。彎曲成形方法可為多種多樣，可為如下之任一者：圖3、圖4所示之輥成形；以環支撐玻璃板之外周部，使玻璃板因自重而彎曲之重力成形；將玻璃板壓抵於模具上，沿模具而彎曲之加壓成形；以模具真空吸附玻璃板且 沿模具而彎曲之真空成形。該等成形法亦可組合使用。例如，可進行加壓成形與真空成形之組合、加壓成形與重力成形之組合等。 The forming step is to bend the glass sheet softened by heating. The bending forming method may be various, and may be any of the following: forming the roll shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4; forming a glass plate by bending the outer periphery of the glass plate to bend the glass plate by its own weight; Pressing on the mold, bending and forming along the mold; vacuum-absorbing the glass sheet with the mold and Vacuum forming along the mold. These forming methods can also be used in combination. For example, a combination of press forming and vacuum forming, a combination of press forming and gravity forming, and the like can be performed.
強化步驟係使已彎曲成形之玻璃板之正面或背面產生殘留拉伸應力，將玻璃板之正面或背面強化，而製作強化玻璃板。強化方法可為風冷強化法等之物理強化法、離子交換法等之化學強化法之任一者。 The strengthening step produces residual tensile stress on the front or back surface of the bent glass sheet, and strengthens the front or back surface of the glass sheet to produce a tempered glass sheet. The strengthening method may be any one of a physical strengthening method such as an air cooling strengthening method and a chemical strengthening method such as an ion exchange method.
風冷強化法係將軟化點附近之溫度之玻璃板自兩側急冷，使玻璃板之正面或背面與玻璃板之內部之間形成溫度差，使玻璃板之正面或背面產生殘留壓縮應力，而強化玻璃板之正面或背面。 The air-cooling strengthening method rapidly cools the glass plate at a temperature near the softening point from the both sides, so that a temperature difference is formed between the front side or the back side of the glass plate and the inside of the glass plate, so that residual compressive stress is generated on the front or back side of the glass plate. Strengthen the front or back of the glass.
離子交換法係將玻璃板之正面或背面進行離子交換，將玻璃中所含之離子半徑較小之離子(例如：Li離子、Na離子)置換為離子半徑較大之離子(例如：K離子)。藉此，使玻璃板之正面或背面產生殘留壓縮應力，而將玻璃板之正面或背面強化。 The ion exchange method performs ion exchange on the front or back side of the glass plate, and replaces ions having a small ionic radius (for example, Li ions and Na ions) contained in the glass with ions having a large ionic radius (for example, K ions). . Thereby, residual compressive stress is generated on the front surface or the back surface of the glass sheet, and the front surface or the back surface of the glass sheet is reinforced.
玻璃板之玻璃之種類並無特別限定，可列舉例如鈉鈣玻璃、無鹼玻璃等。玻璃板之厚度係根據玻璃板之用途而適當設定，例如為0.1~25mm。於以物理強化獲得之強化玻璃板之情形時，若厚度為1.5mm以上，則於強化步驟中在玻璃板之正面或背面與內部之間易形成溫度差，故而較佳。 The type of the glass of the glass plate is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include soda lime glass and alkali-free glass. The thickness of the glass plate is appropriately set depending on the use of the glass plate, and is, for example, 0.1 to 25 mm. In the case of a tempered glass sheet obtained by physical strengthening, if the thickness is 1.5 mm or more, a temperature difference is easily formed between the front surface, the back surface, and the inside of the glass sheet in the strengthening step, which is preferable.
圖7係表示強化玻璃板之剖面之一例之圖。圖7中，箭頭之方向表示殘留應力之作用方向，箭頭之大小表示應力之大小。 Fig. 7 is a view showing an example of a cross section of a tempered glass sheet. In Fig. 7, the direction of the arrow indicates the direction in which the residual stress acts, and the size of the arrow indicates the magnitude of the stress.
強化玻璃板10包含：具有殘留壓縮應力之作為強化層之正面層13及背面層15；以及形成於正面層13與背面層15之間、具有殘留拉伸應力之中間層17。 The tempered glass sheet 10 includes a front layer 13 and a back layer 15 as a reinforcing layer having residual compressive stress, and an intermediate layer 17 formed between the front layer 13 and the back layer 15 and having residual tensile stress.
可使強化玻璃板10之端面由自正面層13之端部及背面層15之端部延伸之強化層而覆蓋。又，亦可使強化玻璃板10之端面不由強化層覆蓋，而於強化玻璃板10之端面上露出中間層17之端面。 The end surface of the tempered glass sheet 10 can be covered by a reinforcing layer extending from the end portions of the front layer 13 and the end portions of the back surface layer 15. Further, the end surface of the tempered glass sheet 10 may not be covered by the reinforcing layer, and the end surface of the intermediate layer 17 may be exposed on the end surface of the tempered glass sheet 10.
圖8係表示風冷強化玻璃板之殘留應力分佈之一例之模式圖。圖9係表示化學強化玻璃板之殘留應力分佈之一例之模式圖。 Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing an example of a residual stress distribution of an air-cooled tempered glass sheet. Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing an example of a residual stress distribution of a chemically strengthened glass plate.
如圖8及圖9所示，自強化玻璃板10之板厚方向兩端越向內部，則殘留壓縮應力越小，於強化玻璃板10之內部產生殘留拉伸應力。 As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 , the closer the two ends of the tempered glass sheet 10 in the thickness direction are, the smaller the residual compressive stress is, and the residual tensile stress is generated inside the tempered glass sheet 10 .
於圖8及圖9中，CS表示強化層13、15之最大殘留壓縮應力(正面壓縮應力)(>0)，CT表示中間層17之內部殘留拉伸應力(>0)，DOL表示強化層13、15之厚度。CS或CT、DOL可根據強化處理條件(於風冷強化法之情形時，為玻璃板之加熱溫度或冷卻速度等；於離子交換法之情形時，為處理液之濃度或溫度、玻璃板於處理液中之浸漬時間等)而調節。 In FIGS. 8 and 9, CS represents the maximum residual compressive stress (positive compressive stress) (>0) of the reinforcing layers 13, 15, and CT represents the internal residual tensile stress (>0) of the intermediate layer 17, and DOL represents the reinforcing layer. The thickness of 13,15. CS or CT, DOL can be based on the strengthening treatment conditions (in the case of the air-cooling strengthening method, the heating temperature or cooling rate of the glass plate; in the case of the ion exchange method, the concentration or temperature of the treatment liquid, the glass plate Adjusted by the immersion time in the treatment liquid, etc.).
強化層13、15之正面壓縮應力(CS)及強化層13、15之厚度(DOL)例如藉由表面應力計FSM-6000(折原製作所製造)而測定。 The front surface compressive stress (CS) of the reinforcing layers 13 and 15 and the thickness (DOL) of the reinforcing layers 13 and 15 are measured, for example, by a surface stress meter FSM-6000 (manufactured by Ohara Seisakusho Co., Ltd.).
於化學強化玻璃板之情形時，中間層17之內部殘留拉伸應力(CT)可由以下之數式(1)而算出。 In the case of a chemically strengthened glass plate, the internal residual tensile stress (CT) of the intermediate layer 17 can be calculated by the following formula (1).
CT=(CS×DOL)/(t-2×DOL)...(1) CT=(CS×DOL)/(t-2×DOL)...(1)
再者，於正面層13及背面層15具有不同之厚度、不同之最大壓縮應力之情形時，內部殘留拉伸應力(CT)可由以下之數式(2)而算出。 Further, when the front layer 13 and the back layer 15 have different thicknesses and different maximum compressive stresses, the internal residual tensile stress (CT) can be calculated by the following formula (2).
CT=(C1×D1/2+C2×D2/2)/(t-D1-D2)...(2) CT=(C1×D1/2+C2×D2/2)/(t-D1-D2)...(2)
上述式(2)中，C1表示正面層13之最大殘留壓縮應力，D1表示正面層13之厚度，C2表示背面層15之最大殘留壓縮應力，D2表示背面層15之厚度。 In the above formula (2), C1 represents the maximum residual compressive stress of the front layer 13, D1 represents the thickness of the front layer 13, C2 represents the maximum residual compressive stress of the back layer 15, and D2 represents the thickness of the back layer 15.
於物理強化玻璃板之情形時，中間層17之內部殘留拉伸應力(CT)可由以下之數式(3)而算出。 In the case of physically strengthening the glass sheet, the internal residual tensile stress (CT) of the intermediate layer 17 can be calculated by the following formula (3).
CT=CS/a...(3) CT=CS/a...(3)
數式(3)中，a係由玻璃板之冷卻開始時之溫度、玻璃之冷卻速 度、及玻璃板之厚度等而決定之常數，通常為2.0~2.5之範圍內。 In the formula (3), a is the temperature at the start of cooling of the glass plate, and the cooling rate of the glass The constant determined by the degree, the thickness of the glass plate, etc., is usually in the range of 2.0 to 2.5.
圖10係第1實施形態之切斷步驟之說明圖。圖11係表示強化玻璃板上之雷射光之照射位置、與裂紋之前端位置之關係之一例的圖。 Fig. 10 is an explanatory view showing a cutting step of the first embodiment. Fig. 11 is a view showing an example of the relationship between the irradiation position of the laser light on the tempered glass sheet and the position of the front end of the crack.
切斷步驟中，自強化玻璃板10上切出彎曲板。彎曲板中至少一部分彎曲即可，亦可一部分為平坦。 In the cutting step, the curved plate is cut out from the strengthened glass sheet 10. At least a part of the curved plate may be bent, or a part may be flat.
切斷步驟中，對強化玻璃板10局部地照射雷射光20，使強化玻璃板10上之雷射光20之照射位置移動，使強化玻璃板10上貫通於板厚方向之裂紋30伸展。裂紋30沿強化玻璃板10上之雷射光20之照射位置之軌跡而伸展。為了使強化玻璃板10上之雷射光20之照射位置移動，可使強化玻璃板10移動，亦可使雷射光20之光源移動，還可使兩者移動。亦可替代強化玻璃板10之移動，而進行強化玻璃板10之旋轉。又，為了使強化玻璃板10上之雷射光20之照射位置移動，亦可使將來自光源之雷射光朝向強化玻璃板10而反射之檢流計鏡旋轉。 In the cutting step, the tempered glass sheet 10 is partially irradiated with the laser light 20, and the irradiation position of the laser beam 20 on the tempered glass sheet 10 is moved, and the crack 30 extending in the thickness direction of the tempered glass sheet 10 is stretched. The crack 30 extends along the trajectory of the irradiation position of the laser light 20 on the tempered glass sheet 10. In order to move the irradiation position of the laser light 20 on the tempered glass sheet 10, the tempered glass sheet 10 can be moved, or the light source of the laser light 20 can be moved, and both can be moved. Instead of the movement of the tempered glass sheet 10, the rotation of the tempered glass sheet 10 can also be performed. Further, in order to move the irradiation position of the laser light 20 on the tempered glass sheet 10, the galvanometer mirror that reflects the laser light from the light source toward the tempered glass sheet 10 may be rotated.
裂紋30於強化玻璃板10上貫通於板厚方向，本實施形態之切斷係所謂全切(full cut)切斷。 The crack 30 penetrates the thickness direction of the tempered glass sheet 10, and the cutting system of the present embodiment is a so-called full cut.
於強化玻璃板10之切斷位置上，於雷射照射前，可不形成劃線(槽線)。亦可形成劃線，但劃線之形成要花功夫。又，於形成劃線時，有時強化玻璃板10會缺損。 At the cutting position of the tempered glass sheet 10, a scribe line (groove line) may not be formed before the laser irradiation. It is also possible to form a scribe line, but the formation of the scribe line takes time. Further, when the scribe line is formed, the tempered glass sheet 10 may be defective.
於強化玻璃板10之切斷開始位置上，可形成初始裂紋。初始裂紋例如以切割或銼刀、雷射而形成。於強化玻璃板10之端面係以磨石等研磨而成者之情形時，可將藉由研磨而形成之微裂紋用作初始裂紋。 At the cutting start position of the tempered glass sheet 10, an initial crack can be formed. The initial crack is formed, for example, by cutting or boring or laser. When the end surface of the tempered glass sheet 10 is polished by a grindstone or the like, microcracks formed by grinding can be used as the initial crack.
強化玻璃板10之切斷開始位置或切斷結束位置可為強化玻璃板10之外周、強化玻璃板10之內部之任一者。又，強化玻璃板10之切斷線之形狀可為多種多樣。 The cutting start position or the cutting end position of the tempered glass sheet 10 may be any of the outer periphery of the tempered glass sheet 10 and the inside of the tempered glass sheet 10. Further, the shape of the cut line of the tempered glass sheet 10 can be various.
雷射光20自光源出射之後，於聚光透鏡等之光學系統中聚光， 入射至強化玻璃板10之正面12，且自強化玻璃板10之背面14出射。 After the laser light 20 is emitted from the light source, it is concentrated in an optical system such as a collecting lens. It is incident on the front surface 12 of the tempered glass sheet 10 and is emitted from the back surface 14 of the tempered glass sheet 10.
若將強化玻璃板10之正面12上之雷射光20之強度設為I0，將強化玻璃板10中僅移動距離L(cm)時之雷射光20之強度設為I，則I=I0×exp(-α×L)之式成立。該式係被稱為朗泊．比爾定律者。α表示強化玻璃板10相對於雷射光20之吸收係數(cm-1)，其係由雷射光20之波長或強化玻璃板10之化學組成等決定。α藉由紫外可見近紅外分光光度計等而測定。 If the intensity of the laser light 20 on the front surface 12 of the tempered glass sheet 10 is set to I 0 , and the intensity of the laser light 20 when the distance L (cm) is moved only in the tempered glass sheet 10 is set to I, then I=I 0 The formula xexp(-α×L) holds. This style is called Langpo. Bill's law. α represents the absorption coefficient (cm -1 ) of the tempered glass sheet 10 with respect to the laser light 20, which is determined by the wavelength of the laser light 20 or the chemical composition of the tempered glass sheet 10. α is determined by an ultraviolet visible near-infrared spectrophotometer or the like.
於雷射光20通過強化玻璃板10之期間，強化玻璃板10將雷射光20之照射能量之一部分作為熱而吸收，於強化玻璃板10中產生熱應力。利用該熱應力而控制強化玻璃板10之切斷。 While the laser light 20 passes through the tempered glass sheet 10, the tempered glass sheet 10 absorbs a part of the irradiation energy of the laser light 20 as heat, and generates thermal stress in the tempered glass sheet 10. The cutting of the tempered glass sheet 10 is controlled by the thermal stress.
且說，本實施形態之強化玻璃板10之切斷、與非強化玻璃之切斷中，切斷之機制根本性不同，裂紋之伸展之方法完全不同。 In addition, in the cutting of the tempered glass sheet 10 of the present embodiment and the cutting of the non-reinforced glass, the mechanism of the cutting is fundamentally different, and the method of stretching the crack is completely different.
於非強化玻璃板之切斷中，以雷射光局部地加熱玻璃板，並且使玻璃板上之雷射光之照射位置移動，沿移動方向形成溫度梯度。於雷射光之照射位置之後方附近產生拉伸應力，由該拉伸應力而使裂紋伸展。裂紋之前端位置伴隨雷射光之照射位置之移動，而隨動於雷射光之照射位置。如此，裂紋之伸展僅以雷射光之照射能量而進行。因此，於切斷之中途若中斷雷射照射，則裂紋之伸展停止。 In the cutting of the non-reinforced glass sheet, the glass sheet is locally heated by the laser light, and the irradiation position of the laser light on the glass sheet is moved to form a temperature gradient in the moving direction. A tensile stress is generated in the vicinity of the irradiation position of the laser light, and the crack is stretched by the tensile stress. The position of the front end of the crack is accompanied by the movement of the irradiation position of the laser light, and follows the irradiation position of the laser light. Thus, the extension of the crack is performed only by the irradiation energy of the laser light. Therefore, if the laser irradiation is interrupted during the cutting, the extension of the crack stops.
相對於此，本實施形態之強化玻璃之切斷中，為了利用原本存在於玻璃板內部之殘留拉伸應力，亦可不如非強化玻璃之切斷之情形般由雷射光而產生拉伸應力。又，若某些力作用於強化玻璃板而使其產生裂紋，則裂紋會因殘留拉伸應力而自行伸展。又，由於玻璃板內部之殘留拉伸應力存在於玻璃板整體中，故而裂紋可能朝任意之方向伸展。進而，若裂紋之伸展速度達到某速度，則裂紋分支。 On the other hand, in the cutting of the tempered glass of the present embodiment, in order to utilize the residual tensile stress originally existing in the inside of the glass sheet, the tensile stress may be generated by the laser light as compared with the case where the non-reinforced glass is cut. Moreover, if some force acts on the tempered glass sheet to cause cracks, the crack will self-stretch due to the residual tensile stress. Further, since the residual tensile stress inside the glass sheet exists in the entire glass sheet, the crack may extend in any direction. Further, if the crack propagation speed reaches a certain speed, the crack branches.
根據本發明者之見解，若中間層17之內部殘留拉伸應力(CT)成為30MPa以上，則僅在中間層17之殘留拉伸應力下，便會使形成於強 化玻璃板10上之裂紋自然地伸展(自行推進)。 According to the findings of the present inventors, if the internal residual tensile stress (CT) of the intermediate layer 17 is 30 MPa or more, it will be formed only under the residual tensile stress of the intermediate layer 17 The crack on the glazing panel 10 naturally stretches (self-propelled).
對此，本實施形態中，一方面藉由內部殘留拉伸應力CT使裂紋30伸展而切斷強化玻璃板10，一方面藉由雷射光20而以徐冷點以下之溫度將中間層17局部地加熱，使中間層17局部地產生較內部殘留拉伸應力CT更小之拉伸應力或壓縮應力，抑制由內部殘留拉伸應力CT引起之裂紋30之伸展。即，藉由控制雷射光20之照射位置之移動速度，可控制裂紋30之伸展速度。藉由控制裂紋30之伸展速度，而可規定裂紋30之伸展之方向，又，可防止裂紋30之分支。亦即，藉由控制裂紋之伸展速度，而可以較高精度控制龜裂裂紋30之伸展之軌跡。再者，以徐冷點以下之溫度對加熱中間層17進行加熱之原因在於，若超過徐冷點進行加熱，則會因玻璃板之黏性流動而使得熱應力緩和。 On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the tempered glass sheet 10 is cut by stretching the crack 30 by the internal residual tensile stress CT, and the intermediate layer 17 is partially cooled by the laser light 20 at a temperature lower than the cold point. The ground is heated so that the intermediate layer 17 locally generates tensile stress or compressive stress smaller than the internal residual tensile stress CT, and the stretching of the crack 30 caused by the internal residual tensile stress CT is suppressed. That is, by controlling the moving speed of the irradiation position of the laser light 20, the stretching speed of the crack 30 can be controlled. By controlling the stretching speed of the crack 30, the direction in which the crack 30 is stretched can be specified, and the branching of the crack 30 can be prevented. That is, by controlling the stretching speed of the crack, the trajectory of the cracking crack 30 can be controlled with high precision. Further, the reason why the heating intermediate layer 17 is heated at a temperature lower than the cold point is that if the heating is performed beyond the cold point, the thermal stress is relieved by the viscous flow of the glass sheet.
圖12係表示沿圖11之A-A線之剖面上之應力分佈之一例的模式圖。圖13係表示沿圖11之B-B線之剖面上之應力分佈之一例的模式圖。圖13之剖面係較圖12之剖面更為後方之剖面。此處，所謂「後方」，係指強化玻璃板上之雷射光之照射位置之移動方向後方(即，強化玻璃板上之裂紋之伸展方向後方)。圖12及圖13中，箭頭之方向表示應力之作用方向，箭頭之長度表示應力之大小。 Fig. 12 is a schematic view showing an example of the stress distribution on the cross section taken along line A-A of Fig. 11. Fig. 13 is a schematic view showing an example of a stress distribution on a cross section taken along line B-B of Fig. 11. The section of Fig. 13 is a section further rearward than the section of Fig. 12. Here, the term "rear" refers to the rearward direction of the irradiation position of the laser light on the tempered glass plate (that is, the rear side in the direction in which the crack of the tempered glass plate is extended). In Figs. 12 and 13, the direction of the arrow indicates the direction in which the stress acts, and the length of the arrow indicates the magnitude of the stress.
如圖12所示，中間層17之雷射照射部分被加熱，較中間層17之其他部分而成為高溫。因此，於中間層17之雷射照射部分上，產生較內部殘留拉伸應力CT更小之拉伸應力、或壓縮應力，抑制由內部殘留拉伸應力CT而引起之裂紋30之伸展。如圖12所示若產生壓縮應力，則可確實地防止裂紋30之伸展。另一方面，若產生較內部殘留拉伸應力CT更小之拉伸應力，則裂紋30之前端位置、與雷射光20之照射位置變近，從而可精度良好地控制裂紋30之前端位置。 As shown in Fig. 12, the laser irradiated portion of the intermediate layer 17 is heated to a higher temperature than the other portions of the intermediate layer 17. Therefore, on the laser irradiated portion of the intermediate layer 17, a tensile stress or a compressive stress smaller than the internal residual tensile stress CT is generated, and the stretching of the crack 30 caused by the internal residual tensile stress CT is suppressed. If a compressive stress is generated as shown in Fig. 12, the stretching of the crack 30 can be surely prevented. On the other hand, when a tensile stress smaller than the internal residual tensile stress CT is generated, the position of the front end of the crack 30 and the irradiation position of the laser light 20 become close to each other, and the position of the front end of the crack 30 can be accurately controlled.
相對於此，如圖13所示，中間層17之雷射照射部分之後方附近較中間層17之雷射照射部分而成為低溫。因此，於中間層17之雷射照 射部分之後方附近，產生較內部殘留拉伸應力CT更大之拉伸應力。裂紋30係形成於拉伸應力超過特定值之部分，且集中於拉伸應力較大之部分。因此，裂紋30之前端位置不會自雷射光20之照射位置之軌跡偏移。 On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 13, the laser irradiation portion of the intermediate layer 17 is lower than the laser irradiation portion of the intermediate layer 17 in the vicinity of the laser irradiation portion. Therefore, the laser photo of the intermediate layer 17 Near the rear side of the shot portion, a tensile stress greater than the internal residual tensile stress CT is generated. The crack 30 is formed in a portion where the tensile stress exceeds a specific value, and is concentrated on a portion where the tensile stress is large. Therefore, the position of the front end of the crack 30 is not shifted from the locus of the irradiation position of the laser light 20.
裂紋30之前端位置伴隨雷射光20之照射位置之移動，而隨動於雷射光20之照射位置，不會超過雷射光20之照射位置。裂紋30之前端位置只要不超過雷射光20之照射位置，則亦可與雷射光20之照射位置有一部分重疊。 The position of the front end of the crack 30 is accompanied by the movement of the irradiation position of the laser light 20, and follows the irradiation position of the laser light 20, and does not exceed the irradiation position of the laser light 20. The position of the front end of the crack 30 may overlap with the irradiation position of the laser light 20 as long as it does not exceed the irradiation position of the laser light 20.
如此，根據本實施形態，藉由雷射光20而對中間層17局部地加熱，使中間層17中局部地產生較內部殘留拉伸應力CT更小之拉伸應力、或壓縮應力，抑制由內部殘留拉伸應力CT而引起之裂紋30之伸展。因此，可精度良好地控制裂紋30之前端位置，可使切斷精度提高。 As described above, according to the present embodiment, the intermediate layer 17 is locally heated by the laser light 20, and the intermediate layer 17 locally generates a tensile stress or a compressive stress which is smaller than the internal residual tensile stress CT, and is suppressed from being internally. The extension of the crack 30 caused by the residual tensile stress CT. Therefore, the position of the front end of the crack 30 can be accurately controlled, and the cutting accuracy can be improved.
再者，如圖12所示，強化層13、15之雷射照射部分被加熱，較強化層13、15之其他部分而成為高溫。因此，於強化層13、15之雷射照射部分上，產生較圖7~圖9所示之殘留壓縮應力大更之壓縮應力，抑制裂紋30之伸展。 Further, as shown in Fig. 12, the laser irradiation portions of the reinforcing layers 13, 15 are heated, and the other portions of the layers 13, 15 are made stronger to become a high temperature. Therefore, on the laser irradiated portions of the reinforcing layers 13, 15, a compressive stress larger than the residual compressive stress shown in Figs. 7 to 9 is generated, and the stretching of the crack 30 is suppressed.
本實施形態中，不僅對強化層13、15，而且對中間層17以雷射光20進行加熱，故而使用內部穿透率較高之雷射光20。若將自入射至強化玻璃板10起至出射為止之雷射光20之移動距離設為M，則較佳為α×M為3.0以下(即，雷射光之內部穿透率為5%以上)。 In the present embodiment, not only the reinforcing layers 13 and 15 but also the intermediate layer 17 are heated by the laser light 20, the laser light 20 having a high internal transmittance is used. When the moving distance of the laser light 20 from the time of entering the tempered glass sheet 10 to the emission is M, it is preferable that α × M is 3.0 or less (that is, the internal transmittance of the laser light is 5% or more).
藉由使α×M為3.0以下，而可防止雷射光20之照射能量之大部分於強化玻璃板10之正面12附近作為熱被吸收，從而可良好地防止於板厚方向上產生急遽之溫度梯度。藉此，可防止正面層13之雷射照射部分較中間層17之雷射照射部分顯著變為高溫，從而可防止於中間層17之雷射照射部分上產生較內部殘留拉伸應力CT大之拉伸應力。因 此，可防止裂紋30之前端位置超過雷射光20之照射位置。 By making α × M 3.0 or less, it is possible to prevent most of the irradiation energy of the laser light 20 from being absorbed as heat in the vicinity of the front surface 12 of the tempered glass sheet 10, and it is possible to satisfactorily prevent an imminent temperature from being generated in the thickness direction. gradient. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the laser irradiated portion of the front layer 13 from being significantly higher in temperature than the laser irradiated portion of the intermediate layer 17, thereby preventing the internal residual tensile stress CT from being generated on the laser irradiated portion of the intermediate layer 17 Tensile stress. because Thereby, the position of the front end of the crack 30 can be prevented from exceeding the irradiation position of the laser light 20.
α×M更佳為0.3以下(雷射光之內部穿透率為74%以上)，進而較佳為0.105以下(雷射光之內部穿透率為90%以上)，特佳為0.02以下(雷射光之內部穿透率為98%以上)。 More preferably, α × M is 0.3 or less (the internal transmittance of the laser light is 74% or more), further preferably 0.105 or less (the internal transmittance of the laser light is 90% or more), and particularly preferably 0.02 or less (laser light) The internal penetration rate is 98% or more).
於將雷射光20垂直地入射至強化玻璃板10之正面12之情形時，雷射光20之移動距離M成為與強化玻璃板10之板厚t相同之值(M=t)。另一方面，於將雷射光20傾斜地入射至強化玻璃板10之正面12之情形時，根據斯奈爾定律而折射。若將折射角設為γ，則雷射光20之移動距離M根據式：M=t/cosγ而近似求出。 When the laser light 20 is incident perpendicularly on the front surface 12 of the tempered glass sheet 10, the moving distance M of the laser light 20 becomes the same value (M=t) as the thickness t of the tempered glass sheet 10. On the other hand, when the laser light 20 is obliquely incident on the front surface 12 of the tempered glass sheet 10, it is refracted according to Snell's law. When the refraction angle is γ, the moving distance M of the laser light 20 is approximated by the equation: M=t/cos γ.
為了使裂紋30之伸展主要於中間層17之殘留拉伸應力下進行，內部殘留拉伸應力CT較佳為15MPa以上。藉此，拉伸應力達到特定值之位置(即，裂紋30之前端位置)、與雷射光20之照射位置變得充分近，從而切斷精度提高。內部殘留拉伸應力CT更佳為30MPa以上，進而較佳為40MPa。若內部殘留拉伸應力CT為30MPa以上，則僅中間層17之殘留拉伸應力便會使裂紋30伸展，裂紋30之前端位置、與雷射光20之照射位置變得更近，故而切斷精度進一步提高。 In order to extend the crack 30 mainly under the residual tensile stress of the intermediate layer 17, the internal residual tensile stress CT is preferably 15 MPa or more. Thereby, the position where the tensile stress reaches a specific value (that is, the position of the front end of the crack 30) and the irradiation position of the laser light 20 become sufficiently close, and the cutting accuracy is improved. The internal residual tensile stress CT is more preferably 30 MPa or more, and still more preferably 40 MPa. When the internal residual tensile stress CT is 30 MPa or more, only the residual tensile stress of the intermediate layer 17 causes the crack 30 to expand, and the position of the front end of the crack 30 and the irradiation position of the laser light 20 become closer, so the cutting precision Further improve.
作為雷射光20之光源，可使用例如波長為800~1100nm之近紅外線(以下，僅稱為「近紅外線」)之雷射。作為近紅外線雷射，可列舉例如：Yb纖維雷射(波長：1000~1100nm)、Yb圓盤雷射(波長：1000~1100nm)、Nd：YAG雷射(波長：1064nm)、及高輸出半導體雷射(波長：808~980nm)。該等近紅外線雷射為高輸出且價廉，再者，容易將α×M調整至所需之範圍。 As the light source of the laser light 20, for example, a laser having a near infrared ray having a wavelength of 800 to 1100 nm (hereinafter, simply referred to as "near infrared ray") can be used. Examples of the near-infrared laser include a Yb fiber laser (wavelength: 1000 to 1100 nm), a Yb disk laser (wavelength: 1000 to 1100 nm), a Nd:YAG laser (wavelength: 1064 nm), and a high-output semiconductor. Laser (wavelength: 808~980nm). These near-infrared lasers are high-output and inexpensive, and it is easy to adjust α×M to a desired range.
再者，本實施形態中雖使用高輸出且價廉之近紅外線雷射作為雷射光20之光源，但只要波長為250~5000nm之光源即可。可列舉例如：UV雷射(波長：355nm)、綠色雷射(波長：532nm)、Ho：YAG雷射(波長：2080nm)、Er：YAG雷射(2940nm)、及使用有中紅外光參 數振盪器之雷射(波長：2600~3450nm)等。又，雷射光20之振盪方式並無限制，可使用將雷射光連續振盪之CW(Continuous Wave，連續波)雷射、將雷射光斷續振盪之脈衝雷射之任一者。又，雷射光20之強度分佈並無限制，可為高斯型，亦可為平頂(top hat)型。 Further, in the present embodiment, a high-output and inexpensive near-infrared laser is used as the light source of the laser light 20, but a light source having a wavelength of 250 to 5000 nm may be used. For example, a UV laser (wavelength: 355 nm), a green laser (wavelength: 532 nm), a Ho:YAG laser (wavelength: 2080 nm), an Er:YAG laser (2940 nm), and a medium-infrared light ray are used. The laser of the number oscillator (wavelength: 2600~3450nm). Further, the oscillation mode of the laser light 20 is not limited, and any of a CW (Continuous Wave) laser that continuously oscillates laser light and a pulsed laser that intermittently oscillates the laser light can be used. Further, the intensity distribution of the laser light 20 is not limited, and may be a Gaussian type or a top hat type.
於1000nm附近(800~1100nm)之近紅外線雷射之情形時，強化玻璃板10中之鐵(Fe)之含量、鈷(Co)之含量、銅(Cu)之含量越多，則吸收係數α越大。又，於該情形時，強化玻璃板10中之稀土類元素(例如Yb)之含量越多，則吸收係數α在稀土類原子之吸收波長附近越大。根據玻璃之透明性及成本之觀點而言，吸收係數α之調節乃使用鐵，鈷、銅、及稀土類元素可實質上不包含於強化玻璃板10中。 In the case of a near-infrared laser near 1000 nm (800 to 1100 nm), the content of iron (Fe), the content of cobalt (Co), and the content of copper (Cu) in the strengthened glass plate 10, the absorption coefficient α The bigger. Moreover, in this case, the more the content of the rare earth element (for example, Yb) in the tempered glass sheet 10, the larger the absorption coefficient α is in the vicinity of the absorption wavelength of the rare earth atom. From the viewpoint of transparency and cost of the glass, the absorption coefficient α is adjusted by using iron, and cobalt, copper, and a rare earth element may not be substantially contained in the tempered glass sheet 10.
雷射光20之強度會根據朗伯．比爾定律而衰減。因此，於強化玻璃板10之正面12與背面14上，為了使雷射功率密度(W/cm2)相同或大致相同，亦即，為了使溫度相同或大致相同，背面14上之雷射光20之面積亦可小於正面12上之雷射光20之面積。若以強化玻璃板10為基準而在與光源相反側存在有雷射光20之聚光位置，則背面14上之雷射光20之面積小於正面12上之雷射光20之面積。若強化玻璃板10之正面12與背面14上溫度為相同程度，則於強化玻璃板10之正面12與背面14上裂紋30以相同程度伸展。 The intensity of the laser light 20 will be based on Lambert. Beer's law is attenuated. Therefore, in order to make the laser power density (W/cm 2 ) the same or substantially the same on the front surface 12 and the back surface 14 of the tempered glass sheet 10, that is, in order to make the temperatures the same or substantially the same, the laser light 20 on the back surface 14 The area may also be smaller than the area of the laser light 20 on the front side 12. When the condensed light of the laser light 20 is present on the side opposite to the light source with respect to the tempered glass sheet 10, the area of the laser light 20 on the back surface 14 is smaller than the area of the laser light 20 on the front surface 12. When the temperature on the front surface 12 and the back surface 14 of the tempered glass sheet 10 is the same, the cracks 30 are stretched to the same extent on the front surface 12 and the back surface 14 of the tempered glass sheet 10.
再者，雷射光20之聚光位置亦可為強化玻璃板10之內部，又，如圖12所示亦可以強化玻璃板10為基準而為光源側。 Further, the condensing position of the laser light 20 may be the inside of the tempered glass sheet 10, and as shown in FIG. 12, the glass sheet 10 may be reinforced as a reference to the light source side.
於強化玻璃板10之正面12上，雷射光20亦可形成為較強化玻璃板10之板厚t小之直徑之圓形。藉由使直徑小於板厚t，而可使玻璃板10之加熱部分不會變得過大，從而可防止切斷面之一部分(尤其切斷開始部分或切斷結束部分)稍微彎曲。 On the front side 12 of the tempered glass sheet 10, the laser light 20 can also be formed to strengthen the thickness of the glass sheet 10 by a small thickness t Round shape. By making the diameter Less than the plate thickness t, the heated portion of the glass sheet 10 does not become excessively large, so that a portion of the cut surface (particularly, the cut start portion or the cut end portion) can be prevented from being slightly bent.
再者，強化玻璃板10之正面12上之雷射光20之形狀可為多種多樣，例如亦可為矩形、橢圓形等。 Furthermore, the shape of the laser light 20 on the front surface 12 of the tempered glass sheet 10 can be various, for example, rectangular, elliptical or the like.
作為於切斷步驟中自強化玻璃板10上切出之彎曲板之用途，可列舉例如：車輛用窗玻璃、建築用窗玻璃、太陽能熱發電(Concentrated Solar thermal Power，集中式太陽能熱發電)用曲面鏡、行動電話或筆記型電腦等之行動機器之框體等。 Examples of the use of the curved plate cut out from the tempered glass sheet 10 in the cutting step include a window glass for a vehicle, a glazing for a building, and a concentrated solar thermal power (concentrated solar thermal power). A frame of a mobile machine such as a curved mirror, a mobile phone, or a notebook computer.
圖14係表示自強化玻璃板上切出之彎曲板之切出位置之一例的圖。圖14中，以斜線表示自強化玻璃板切出之彎曲板之部分。 Fig. 14 is a view showing an example of a cut position of a curved plate cut out from a tempered glass sheet. In Fig. 14, the portion of the curved plate cut out from the tempered glass sheet is indicated by oblique lines.
切斷步驟中，可自強化玻璃板10中之無未預計之翹曲、彎曲不足等不良之部分切出彎曲板101、102、103。藉此，可獲得所要求之形狀之彎曲板。 In the cutting step, the curved plates 101, 102, and 103 can be cut out from the tempered glass sheet 10 without any unforeseen defects such as warpage or insufficient bending. Thereby, a curved plate of a desired shape can be obtained.
例如，於圖14(a)中，切除作為有未預計之翹曲、彎曲不足等不良之部分之強化玻璃板10之端部，藉此獲得所要求之形狀之彎曲板101。 For example, in Fig. 14(a), the end portion of the tempered glass sheet 10 which is a portion having an unforeseen warpage or insufficient bending is cut, thereby obtaining a curved plate 101 of a desired shape.
又，圖14(b)中，切除作為有不良之部分之強化玻璃板10之外周部，藉此獲得所要求之形狀之彎曲板102。於風冷強化之情形時，以環支撐強化玻璃板10之外周部，故而亦可將強化玻璃板10之帶有支撐痕跡之部分作為有不良之部分而切除。 Further, in Fig. 14(b), the outer peripheral portion of the tempered glass sheet 10 which is a defective portion is cut out, whereby the curved plate 102 having the desired shape is obtained. In the case of air-cooling strengthening, the outer peripheral portion of the tempered glass sheet 10 is supported by the ring. Therefore, the portion of the tempered glass sheet 10 with the supporting traces can be cut off as a defective portion.
進而，於圖14(c)中，將如圖6所示於切斷後彎曲成形而成為彎曲不足之形狀之彎曲板於彎曲成形後切斷，以此可形成為所需之形狀。於該情形時，強化玻璃板10上亦可無不良。又，同樣地即便為具有如圖5之貫通孔之形狀，亦可形成為所需之形狀。 Further, in Fig. 14(c), the curved plate which is bent and formed into a shape which is insufficiently bent as shown in Fig. 6 is cut after bending and formed into a desired shape. In this case, there is no defect in the tempered glass sheet 10. Further, similarly, even if it has a shape of a through hole as shown in FIG. 5, it can be formed into a desired shape.
圖15係表示自強化玻璃板上切出之彎曲板之切出位置之另一例之圖。於圖15中，以斜線表示自強化玻璃板上切出之彎曲板之部分。 Fig. 15 is a view showing another example of the cut position of the curved plate cut out from the tempered glass sheet. In Fig. 15, the portion of the curved plate cut out from the tempered glass sheet is indicated by oblique lines.
切斷步驟中，可自一個強化玻璃板10上切出複數之彎曲板104、105。自一個強化玻璃板10上切出之複數之彎曲板104、105可為與形成有複數之窗玻璃之設計面(例如：車輛之側面或車輛之頂面、建築物之彎曲面)之複數之窗玻璃分別對應的形狀。例如，複數之彎曲板 104、105係安裝於某型式之車輛之左側面之前側之窗玻璃、安裝於同一型式之車輛之左側面之後側之窗玻璃。於該情形時，使玻璃板彎曲成形之成形步驟係以至少與設計面之形成有複數之窗玻璃之連續區域成為相同彎曲面之方式而彎曲成形玻璃板。例如，若為車輛之側面，則以與包含前側之窗玻璃、後側之窗玻璃、及各窗玻璃間之區域之連續區域之彎曲面成為相同彎曲面的方式而成形玻璃板。然後，經過強化步驟，於切斷步驟中，自與設計面之形成有複數之窗玻璃之位置對應之強化玻璃板之位置上分別切出複數之彎曲板。例如，若為車輛之側面，則自成形為與車輛側面相同彎曲面之強化玻璃板10上，自與實際形成有前側之窗玻璃之位置及實際形成有後側之窗玻璃之位置對應之位置上切出各窗玻璃。於不僅包含複數之窗玻璃、而且包含複數之窗玻璃以外之區域之設計面上成形玻璃板之後，自對應之位置切出各窗玻璃，故而複數之窗玻璃之連續性良好，設計面之外觀美麗。 In the cutting step, a plurality of curved plates 104, 105 can be cut from a tempered glass sheet 10. The plurality of curved plates 104, 105 cut from a tempered glass sheet 10 may be plural to the design surface on which a plurality of glazings are formed (for example, the side of the vehicle or the top surface of the vehicle, the curved surface of the building) The window glass has a corresponding shape. For example, a plurality of curved plates 104 and 105 are window glass attached to the front side of the left side of a certain type of vehicle, and window glass attached to the rear side of the left side of the same type of vehicle. In this case, the forming step of bending the glass sheet is performed by bending the glass sheet at least so that the continuous region in which the plurality of window glasses are formed on the design surface has the same curved surface. For example, in the case of the side surface of the vehicle, the glass sheet is formed so as to have the same curved surface as the curved surface including the continuous side window glass, the rear side window glass, and the continuous area of the area between the window glasses. Then, through the strengthening step, in the cutting step, a plurality of curved plates are cut out from the positions of the tempered glass sheets corresponding to the positions of the plurality of window glasss on the design surface. For example, in the case of the side surface of the vehicle, the tempered glass sheet 10 which is formed into the same curved surface as the side surface of the vehicle is located from the position where the front side window glass is actually formed and the position where the rear side window glass is actually formed. Cut out the window glass. After forming a glass plate on a design surface including not only a plurality of window glass but also a region other than a plurality of window glass, each window glass is cut out from a corresponding position, so that the continuity of the plurality of window glass is good, and the appearance of the design surface beautiful.
進而，較佳為將自一個強化玻璃板10上切出之複數之彎曲板104、105用作形成同一物體之設計面之複數之窗玻璃。例如，複數之彎曲板104、105係安裝於一車輛之左側面之前側之窗玻璃、安裝於同一車輛之左側面之後側之窗玻璃。由於自一塊強化玻璃板10上切出形成同一設計面之複數之窗玻璃，故而複數之窗玻璃之連續性更佳，設計面之外觀美麗。 Further, it is preferable that a plurality of curved plates 104, 105 cut out from one tempered glass sheet 10 are used as a plurality of glazings forming a design surface of the same object. For example, the plurality of curved plates 104, 105 are attached to the window glass on the front side of the left side of the vehicle, and the window glass attached to the rear side of the left side of the same vehicle. Since a plurality of window glasses forming the same design surface are cut out from a tempered glass sheet 10, the continuity of the plurality of window glass is better, and the appearance of the design surface is beautiful.
再者，自一個強化玻璃板10上切出之複數之彎曲板104、105亦可係分別安裝於其他物體之相同形狀之設計面上之窗玻璃。例如複數之彎曲板104、105係安裝於一車輛之左側面之前側之窗玻璃、安裝於相同形狀之其他車輛之左側面之後側之窗玻璃。較自一塊強化玻璃板10上切出一塊窗玻璃之情形，複數之窗玻璃之連續性更佳，設計面之外觀更美麗。 Further, the plurality of curved plates 104, 105 cut out from one tempered glass sheet 10 may be attached to the glazings of the same shape on the same shape of other objects. For example, the plurality of curved plates 104 and 105 are window glass attached to the front side of the left side of a vehicle, and window glass attached to the rear side of the left side of other vehicles of the same shape. Compared with the case where a window glass is cut out from a tempered glass sheet 10, the continuity of the plurality of window glass is better, and the appearance of the design surface is more beautiful.
再者，自一個強化玻璃板10上切出之複數之彎曲板104、105只 要係安裝於設計面之不同之部位上者即可，可為如圖15所示之不同形狀，亦可為相同形狀。 Furthermore, the plurality of curved plates 104, 105 cut out from a tempered glass sheet 10 It may be installed on different parts of the design surface, and may have different shapes as shown in FIG. 15 or the same shape.
圖16係表示第1實施形態之保護步驟之圖。 Fig. 16 is a view showing a protection step of the first embodiment.
彎曲板之製造方法亦可進而包含以樹脂19保護切出之彎曲板(例如圖16中彎曲板101)之切斷面之步驟。該步驟取代彎曲板之切斷面之倒角，從而使彎曲板難以割裂。作為樹脂19，使用例如熱可塑性彈性體(例如聚氯乙烯)。 The method of manufacturing the curved plate may further include the step of protecting the cut surface of the cut curved plate (for example, the curved plate 101 in Fig. 16) with the resin 19. This step replaces the chamfer of the cut surface of the curved plate, so that the curved plate is difficult to be split. As the resin 19, for example, a thermoplastic elastomer (for example, polyvinyl chloride) is used.
樹脂19可如圖16(a)所示僅形成於彎曲板之切斷面上，亦可如圖16(b)所示自彎曲板之切斷面上露出而形成。 The resin 19 can be formed only on the cut surface of the curved plate as shown in Fig. 16 (a), or can be formed by being exposed from the cut surface of the curved plate as shown in Fig. 16 (b).
圖17係第2實施形態之切斷步驟之說明圖。於圖17中，對於與圖10相同之構成標註相同之符號而省略其說明。 Fig. 17 is an explanatory view showing a cutting step of the second embodiment. In FIG. 17, the same components as those in FIG. 10 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their description is omitted.
本實施形態之切斷步驟包含對強化玻璃板10局部地吹送氣體40之步驟，使強化玻璃板10上之氣體40之吹送位置與雷射光20之照射位置連動而移動，以此切斷強化玻璃板10。如圖17所示，雷射光20之照射位置可存在於氣體40之吹送位置之內側。再者，氣體40之吹送位置亦可為較雷射光20之照射位置更靠前方或後方。氣體40將強化玻璃板10之附著物(例如灰塵)吹飛，防止附著物對雷射光20之吸收，防止強化玻璃板10之正面12之過熱。 The cutting step of the present embodiment includes a step of partially blowing the gas 40 to the tempered glass sheet 10, and moving the blowing position of the gas 40 on the tempered glass sheet 10 in conjunction with the irradiation position of the laser light 20 to cut the tempered glass. Board 10. As shown in FIG. 17, the irradiation position of the laser light 20 may exist inside the blowing position of the gas 40. Furthermore, the blowing position of the gas 40 may be more forward or rearward than the irradiation position of the laser light 20. The gas 40 blows off adhering substances (for example, dust) of the tempered glass sheet 10, prevents absorption of the laser light by the deposits, and prevents overheating of the front surface 12 of the tempered glass sheet 10.
氣體40亦可係使強化玻璃板10局部地冷卻之冷卻氣體(例如，室溫之壓縮空氣)。由於沿雷射光20之照射位置之移動方向而產生急遽之溫度梯度，故而拉伸應力達到特定值之位置(即，裂紋30之前端位置)、與雷射光20之位置之間之距離變短。因此，裂紋30之位置控制性提高，故而可使切斷精度進一步提高。 The gas 40 may also be a cooling gas (for example, room temperature compressed air) that partially cools the tempered glass sheet 10. Since a sharp temperature gradient occurs along the moving direction of the irradiation position of the laser light 20, the distance between the position where the tensile stress reaches a specific value (that is, the position at the front end of the crack 30) and the position of the laser light 20 becomes short. Therefore, the positional controllability of the crack 30 is improved, so that the cutting accuracy can be further improved.
噴嘴50例如如圖17所示形成為筒狀，且可使雷射光20通過噴嘴50之內部。可將噴嘴50之中心軸51、與雷射光20之光軸21同軸配置。 使氣體40之吹送位置、與雷射光20之照射位置之位置關係穩定化。 The nozzle 50 is formed in a cylindrical shape as shown in FIG. 17, for example, and allows the laser light 20 to pass through the inside of the nozzle 50. The central axis 51 of the nozzle 50 can be disposed coaxially with the optical axis 21 of the laser light 20. The positional relationship between the blowing position of the gas 40 and the irradiation position of the laser light 20 is stabilized.
為了使強化玻璃板10上之氣體40之吹送位置移動，可使強化玻璃板10移動，亦可使噴嘴50移動，還可使兩者移動。 In order to move the blowing position of the gas 40 on the tempered glass sheet 10, the tempered glass sheet 10 can be moved, the nozzle 50 can be moved, and both can be moved.
以上，說明了彎曲板之切斷方法之第1至第2實施形態，但本發明並不限定於上述實施形態，於申請專利範圍記載之範圍內，可進行種種變形及置換。 Although the first to second embodiments of the method for cutting a curved plate have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications and substitutions are possible within the scope of the claims.
例如，自一個強化玻璃板10上切出之彎曲板成為與安裝對象之物體之設計面對應之形狀即可，亦可係安裝於具有相同形狀之設計面之複數個物體各自之相同部位上者。 For example, the curved plate cut out from a tempered glass sheet 10 may have a shape corresponding to the design surface of the object to be mounted, or may be attached to the same portion of each of the plurality of objects having the same shape of the design surface. .
本國際申請係主張基於2012年7月11日提出申請之日本專利申請2012-155895號之優先權者，將其所有內容引用於此。 The present application claims the priority of Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-155895, filed on Jul.
10‧‧‧強化玻璃板 10‧‧‧Strengthened glass panels
12‧‧‧正面 12‧‧‧ positive
13‧‧‧正面層 13‧‧‧ front layer
14‧‧‧背面 14‧‧‧ Back
15‧‧‧背面層 15‧‧‧Back layer
17‧‧‧中間層 17‧‧‧Intermediate
20‧‧‧雷射光 20‧‧‧Laser light
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012155895A JP2015171955A (en) | 2012-07-11 | 2012-07-11 | Method for manufacturing curved plate |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW201412663A true TW201412663A (en) | 2014-04-01 |
Family
ID=49916052
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW102124981A TW201412663A (en) | 2012-07-11 | 2013-07-11 | Curved plate manufacturing method |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2015171955A (en) |
| TW (1) | TW201412663A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014010600A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109477959B (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2021-09-10 | 浜松光子学株式会社 | Fabry-Perot interference filter |
| JP6775822B2 (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2020-10-28 | 三星ダイヤモンド工業株式会社 | Brittle material substrate fragmentation method and fragmentation device |
| CO2018008278A1 (en) * | 2018-06-30 | 2018-10-22 | Agp America Sa | Method for manufacturing flush glazing for vehicles |
| JP2021123518A (en) * | 2020-02-05 | 2021-08-30 | 日本電気硝子株式会社 | Method for manufacturing glass sheet |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006256944A (en) * | 2005-03-14 | 2006-09-28 | Lemi Ltd | Method and device for cutting brittle material |
| EP2432744B1 (en) * | 2009-05-21 | 2020-07-15 | Corning Inc. | Thin substrates having mechanically durable edges |
| US8932510B2 (en) * | 2009-08-28 | 2015-01-13 | Corning Incorporated | Methods for laser cutting glass substrates |
| TW201201940A (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2012-01-16 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Cutting method and cutting device |
| WO2012096053A1 (en) * | 2011-01-11 | 2012-07-19 | 旭硝子株式会社 | Method for cutting reinforced glass plate |
| WO2013031778A1 (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2013-03-07 | 旭硝子株式会社 | Cutting method for reinforced glass plate and reinforced glass plate cutting device |
| JP2013119495A (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2013-06-17 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Method for cutting reinforced glass sheet |
-
2012
- 2012-07-11 JP JP2012155895A patent/JP2015171955A/en active Pending
-
2013
- 2013-07-09 WO PCT/JP2013/068776 patent/WO2014010600A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-07-11 TW TW102124981A patent/TW201412663A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2014010600A1 (en) | 2014-01-16 |
| JP2015171955A (en) | 2015-10-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP5201295B2 (en) | Cutting method of tempered glass sheet | |
| CN110121396B (en) | Method for laser processing a stack of laminated workpieces | |
| TW201406689A (en) | Laminated plate manufacturing method | |
| WO2012172960A1 (en) | Method for cutting glass plate | |
| WO2013031778A1 (en) | Cutting method for reinforced glass plate and reinforced glass plate cutting device | |
| US20110049765A1 (en) | Methods for Laser Cutting Glass Substrates | |
| TW201406688A (en) | Method for cutting film-provided glass plate | |
| US20060179722A1 (en) | Edge treatment for glass panes | |
| TWI637922B (en) | Chamfering method of glass substrate and laser processing device | |
| WO2014010689A1 (en) | Method for manufacturing small-sized sheet, structural element, and method for manufacturing structural element | |
| TW201309609A (en) | Cutting method for reinforced glass plate and reinforced glass plate cutting device | |
| TW201412663A (en) | Curved plate manufacturing method | |
| WO2014175147A1 (en) | Method for cutting glass plate | |
| WO2013011877A1 (en) | Plate glass, manufacturing method therefor, and device for manufacturing said plate glass | |
| KR20210042045A (en) | Glass plate manufacturing method | |
| TW202146345A (en) | Glass plate and method for manufacturing glass plate | |
| WO2013073386A1 (en) | Method for cutting glass plate and device for cutting glass plate | |
| JP6468385B2 (en) | Sheet glass cutting apparatus and method | |
| WO2021157289A1 (en) | Method for manufacturing glass sheet | |
| TW201411780A (en) | Method for producing functional substrate | |
| JP6725836B2 (en) | Method for manufacturing cut glass plate and cutting device for glass base plate | |
| WO2017002656A1 (en) | Glass plate cutting method, glass plate cutting device, and method for manufacturing cut glass plate | |
| CN114096490B (en) | Reinforced glass plate and method for manufacturing same | |
| WO2014171396A1 (en) | Method for cutting glass sheet | |
| JP2017075064A (en) | Method and apparatus for processing multiple glass |