201245530 六、發明說明： I：發明戶斤屬之技術領域3 發明領域 本發明涉及一種根據申請專利範圍第1項的前序部份 所述的縫紉機。本發明還涉及一種用這種縫紉機縫製線縫 起始部的方法。 C先前技術3 發明背景 由EP 2 028 311 A2和DE 102 34 251 A已知這種類型的 縫紉機。 【發明内容】 發明概要 因此，本發明的目的是，以運行可靠的方式確保線上 縫起始部處有一小段上線從縫料中突出，並且希望在結構 成本低的情況下實現這一點。 根據本發明，所述目的透過一種具有申請專利範圍第1 項中所界定的特徵的縫紉機來實現。 根據本發明認識到，設置線上桿和上線夾之間的拉線 裝置能實現：使線上桿向下運動時造成的過量的線被拉 回，在縫製線縫起始部的情況下隨後借助線桿在縫料中將 上線在一定程度上拉回，使得上線的自由端部線上縫起始 部處僅還有很小一部份從縫料中突出。在此，上線被拉回 的長度相當於由拉線裝置造成的線程差。此外，能夠將上 線的作為上線開端的自由端部拉至縫料之下，從而不影響 被縫紉的縫料的外觀。由此得到在視覺上令人滿意的線缝 起始部，而無需通過切斷來進一步縮短上線的突出的自由 201245530 端部。這制在對於線縫的視覺品f特別的應用中是 有利的，例如當縫製機動車的車内部件的革料時。 緊裝置可分為上線主張緊裝置和上線預張緊裝置。' 、 根據申請專利範圍第2項所述的拉線裝置可在結構成 本低的情況下集成在上線引導單元中。另選地，拉線農置 也可以設計為具有能橫向於線行進方向直線移位的線孔。 用於使線孔移位的驅動裝置可以借助於升降缸或起重電磁 鐵來實現。祕拉線裝置的臂件的定位驅動裝置可以包括 步進馬達。 根據申請專利範圍第3項所述的孔佈置方案優化了拉 線裝置的拉線效果1個相對機架固定的導線孔線上延伸 路線中優選佈置在可擺動的線孔附近。在t性位置/非作用 位置中的可擺動的線孔與兩個相對機架固定的導線孔之間 的距離可小於2cm，也可以小於icm。 根據申清專利範圍第4項所述的拉線裝置的佈置方案 使付拉線裝置和上線炎能集成在—個可_触安裝的結構 單元中。 恰好-個上線夾使結構成本和縫切機工作時的控制成 本降低。 根據申請專利範圍第6和7項所述的方法的優點對應於 則面聯繫產品說明的内容。反轉動位置/對位轉動位置 (Gegen-Drehposition)可在梭尖在所述抓住轉動位置後轉過 至少180。之後達到’例如在梭尖之—轉·q。或犯。之後。 由於在通過擺梭/片梭/鈎圈農置(Grdfer)抓住上線之後在至 少-部份的擺梭轉動期間保持失線位置，所以實現了線上 縫起始部處利麗㈣上線端部向下拉動使之通過縫料。 在拉線裝Ϊ從巾性位置移位至拉線位置時對上線的拉緊 (ΑηΖ_η)導致’當線桿隨後再次抬起時線桿在上線爽釋放 4 201245530 =況下把線縫起始部處的 規定的長度值，該線裎差由㈣^通過上線的線私差 上縫起始部的第—車縫期的移位引起。可以線 線位置的移位。可㈣s1進饤拉線裝置從中性位置至拉 時的第二車縫期間，、第：；=:以在縫幼線縫起始部 間進行。可以通過小幅;==更靠後的車縫期 «置從⑽位置知巾^ \在韻肋肺中使拉 程結束時進行。例％ /该返回也可以在縫切過 向中性位置的移位。機的切線過程結束時進行該 根據申請專利範圍第8項所述 上縫起始部處確保操作可靠，遲被也月此線 不低於一墟T罪地拉回上線。該時間延遲應當 根據值’從而操作可靠地進行所述拉回。 „專利範圍第9項所述的絕對時間延遲被證明 特別適於確保拉線裝置的可靠操作。 根據申請專利範圍第1〇項所述的對壓料裝置/壓腳的 卸載阻止了，在擺梭向下拉動穿過縫料的上線時，上線不 欲地被壓料裝置夾住。 圖式簡單說明 下面借助於附圖更詳細地說明本發明的實施例 圖中： 甘附 第1圖示出縫紉機的正視透視圖. 第2=!於第1圖放大的比例示出根據第!圖的縫 紉機的上線引導早兀在“0。針桿上死點，，主軸位置時的局 第3圖以相1於第1圖放大的比例#出根據第1圖的缝 紉機的上線引導單元在“205。成環行程，，主軸位置時的局部、·’ 第4圖以相對於第1圖放大的比例示出根據第1圖的縫 紉機的上線引導單元在“300。上線夾去啟動，，主軸位置時的 201245530 局部； 匆機r上圖對於第1圖放大的比例示出根據第1圖的縫 的::單元在“325。拉線裝置被啟動”主軸位置時 上圖ϋ對於第1圖放大的比例示出根據第1圖的縫 部；以及 皁元在“6G。線桿上死點，，主軸位置時的局 第θ Γ、出沿著由上線和底線限定的線縫平面將雜斤 缝料開的垂直剖面的示意圖其中可見具有的： 端部的初始線鏠部份。 幻上深 I：實施冷式】 較佳實施例之詳細說明 柱4相有一上臂2和—殼狀的下基板3 ’它們通過立 借助於容納在主電=2圖)’可 =機與+央控制設備6相連接，在第：= 備設。==^!=但也可_央控制設 過電、二 機1外部並且例如通 上下魅接騎㈣。針桿7在被絲5料的情況下被 上下驅動，在該針桿的下端部上安裝有 圖）穿過針8的孔眼。 上線9(見第2 在基板3中佈置有擺梭1〇 ,該擺梭1〇可以按 的引導下圍繞垂直方向轉動轴線u(見第2圖)被轉動 =^線儲存裝置13(見第7圖)位於擺梭1〇的筒管盒或繞 日p丢I2圖詳細示出對縫初機1的上線9的引導。從針8的孔 眼看去’在逆上線輸送方向、即位於上_儲存側上線延 6 201245530 伸路線中，設有第一上線夾14，該第一上線夾14包括一可 相對於其基體16移位的夾板15。基體16是設置在縫紉機工的 頭部上的安裝板。第一上線夾14與控制設備6保持通信連 接，並且能在夾線位置和鬆線位置之間移位，在該夾線位 置中上線9在第一上線夾η的位置處被夾緊，而在鬆線位置 中第一上線夾14釋放上線9。在第一上線夾14的區域中，上 線9基本上豎直延伸。 借助於基體16中的多個穿線口 17可規定上線9穿過第 一上線夾14的通道位置。在圖示的實施例中，上線9穿過右 側第二個穿線口 17，該右側第二個穿線口 17為橫向於線輸 送方向佈置的總計五個穿線口之一。 在第一上線夾14的上游設有線桿18，該線桿的上下運 動也以已知方式通過主軸5引導。在設置於線桿18的自由端 部上的線桿孔19與第一上線夾14之間，上線9還穿過引導 孔20，該引導孔設置在基體16的在第2圖中位於上方的端 部上。 線上桿18的上游，上線9穿過上線主張緊裝置21。所述 上線主張緊裝置21包括兩個主張緊器22，它們以公知方式 運行並在上線輸送方向上直接相繼設置。上線主張緊裝置 21與十央控制設備6通信連接。當由控制設備6啟動主張緊 器 22、即緊線風缸（Fadenspannungs-Luefterzylinder)下降 時’該主張緊器22使上線9處於預設的線張力下。附圖中未 示出該緊線風缸。主張緊器22也可以用於在主張緊器22的 位置處把上線9夾緊。 在上線主張緊裝置21和線桿18之間，上線9穿過另一引 導孔23，該引導孔可橫向於上線輸送方向以可設定的方式 移位。 在上線9的延伸路線中，拉線裝置24佈置在擺梭10和線 7 201245530 桿18之間，確切地說在針8和線桿18之間，更確切地說在上 線夾14和線桿18之間。拉線裝置24具有可擺動的臂件25， 3玄臂件透過擺動關節26鉸接到上線夾14的夾板15上。拉線 裝置24因此安裝到上線夾14的夾板15上。拉線裝置24的臂 件25在其自由端部上具有線孔27，該線孔可橫向於上線9的 線行進方向在兩個安置在基體16上的、相對機架固定的引 導孔28之間移動。臂件25可在第2圖所示的中性位置和第3 圖所不的拉線位置之間變換，在該拉線位置中，上線9在兩 個相對機架固定的引導孔28之間，即在針8和線桿18之間具 有—線程，該線程比上線9在臂件25位於中性位置時的相對 應線％長出一線程差。在示出的實施例中，該線程差例如 為20毫米。 這兩個相對機架固定的引導孔28使得無論臂件25處於 拉線位置還是處於中性位置，除了在兩個相對機架固定的 引導孔28之間的延伸路線外，上線9分別具有相同的延伸路 線。 可透過電磁驅動装置使臂件2 5在中性位置和拉線位置 之間移位，邊電磁驅動裝置又與控制設備6通信連接。作為 電磁驅動裝置的替代，也可以氣動地或通過步進馬達來驅 在上線主張緊骏置21的上游設置有上線預張緊裝置 供該上線預張緊裝置也以已知方式運行並且可與控制設 u 6通信連接。具有兩個主張緊扣的上社張緊裝置21和 ^預張緊裝置29也安置在安裝板3吐，該安裝板又安裝 在臂2上(見第1圖）。 上線預張緊袭置29的上游，上線9穿過-穿線口 31， 口在安裝板30中設置在第2圖中位於上方的、向前彎 、、、9 0 °的邊緣區域中。在穿線口 31的上游設置有用作上線 201245530 儲存褒置的未詳細示ϋ的上線筒管。 、第2至6圖不出主軸5的暫態轉動位置。在與主軸5的端 側以不可相對轉動的方式連接的手輪32上設有轉角刻度 ^一'^轉角刻度以分成360的角分度刻度指示出主軸5的完 整一f °下面的描述分別涉及該轉角刻度33的分度位置。 藉由縫料34(見第7圖）在縫幼機1的針板35上的平放位 置界定一縫料平面。 第2圖示出0。主軸位置。在該主軸位置中，針桿7位於 上死點。在缝紉起始時，即線上縫起始部處選擇該位置， 這是因為在該位置處位於針8下方的用於***縫料34的通 道最大。 在〇位置中，上線夾14處於鬆線位置。上線主張緊裝 置21被啟動。拉線裝置24處於中性位置。上線預張緊裝置 29被啟動。線桿18位於從其下死點向上的路程中。 第3圖示出在2〇5。位置中的主軸5。在該位置中，針桿7 從其在180。時達到的下死點又返回一段距離，從而在針8的 孔眼旁邊形成在第3圖中不可見的線環。在2〇5。位置中，擺 梭10的在第3圖中同樣不可見的棱尖可接合到該線環中並 隨後帶動上線9。 在205°位置中，上線夾14被啟動到夾線位置中。上線 主張緊裝置21被啟動。拉線裝置24處於中性位置中。上線 預張緊裝置29被啟動。線桿18位於通向其下死點的路程 上。線桿18已經從其上死點離開，從而導致位於上線夾14 和上線主張緊裝置21之間的線過量，也就是說，在那裡線 不是如第2圖所示地被張緊。這樣的線過量幾乎為線桿孔19 從線桿18的上死點到第2圖所示的205。位置的路程的兩 倍。從205。位置起，擺梭10開始以其接合入線環的梭尖把 上線拉出。由於上線夾14處於夾線位置，所以不能從上方 201245530 對上線9進彳了補充’ g]此當上線環被梭尖拉㈣，穿過縫料 的上線9的自由端部被向下拉。為了阻止壓腳37把上線9的 自由端部36(見第7圖）夾在縫料上，在2〇5。位置中對壓腳37 卸載，使得壓腳37無負載地平放在縫料34上。 第4圖不出300。主軸位置。在該3〇〇。位置中，線桿孔19 位於下死點的區域中。在此繼續進行上文所述的、通過擺 梭10對上線的拉動。在該主軸位置中，借助於擺梭1〇向下 拉動穿過縫料的上線9。在300。主軸位置中，可以再次對壓 腳37載入，因此曾在205。和300。主軸位置之間有效的對壓 腳37的卸載這時不再有效。 這時上線夾14轉移到夾線位置中。上線主張緊裝置21 被啟動並使上線9保持處於張力下。拉線裝置24的臂件25處 於中性位置中。上線預張緊裝置29被啟動。在3〇〇。位置中， 上線9的自由端部36被擺梭1〇繼續向下拉。 在205°主軸位置和300。主軸位置之間的路程上，擺梭 10向下拉動穿過縫料34的上線9的自由端部36。在主軸繼續 運行的情況下，如下文中更明確地表示地，線桿18對縫料 34中的上線9進行回拉。這樣，便使自由端部36從縫料34中 突出一相應較小的線長度。 第5圖示出在（形成）下一個車縫時的325。主軸位置。相 對於根據第3圖的位置，主軸5沿縫製方向進一步轉過 120°(事實上為480°)。 在325°位置中’上線爽14位於鬆線位置。上線主張緊 裝置21被啟動。拉線裝置24的臂件25這時移位到拉線位置。 在325°位置中’線桿孔19處於在下死點之後的初始的 向上運動中。通過使拉線裝置24移位到拉線位置，使得& 根據第2圖的位置中仍處於線桿孔19的區域中的過量上線 這時被拉向拉線裝置2 4的線孔2 7。這時上線9線上桿孔丨9和 10 201245530201245530 VI. INSTRUCTIONS OF THE INVENTION: I: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a sewing machine according to the preamble of claim 1 of the scope of the patent application. The invention also relates to a method of sewing a seam starting portion with such a sewing machine. C. Prior Art 3 Background of the Invention This type of sewing machine is known from EP 2 028 311 A2 and DE 102 34 251 A. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to ensure that a small segment of the upper thread at the beginning of the seam is protruded from the seam in a reliable manner in operation and that this is desired to be achieved at a low structural cost. According to the invention, the object is achieved by a sewing machine having the features defined in the first item of the patent application. According to the invention, it is recognized that the provision of the wire-drawing device between the wire rod and the upper thread clamp enables the excess thread caused by the downward movement of the wire rod to be pulled back, with the aid of the thread in the case of the sewing seam starting portion. The rod pulls the upper thread back to a certain extent in the sewing material, so that only a small portion of the starting portion of the upper end of the upper end of the upper thread protrudes from the sewing material. Here, the length at which the upper thread is pulled back is equivalent to the thread difference caused by the cable pulling device. Further, the free end portion of the upper thread as the upper end of the upper thread can be pulled under the sewing material so as not to affect the appearance of the sewn material to be sewn. This results in a visually satisfactory seam starting end without the need to cut off to further shorten the free standing of the upper thread 201245530 end. This is advantageous in applications where the seams are particularly special, such as when sewing the leather of the interior components of a motor vehicle. The tightening device can be divided into an upper line claiming device and an upper thread pretensioning device. The wire drawing device according to item 2 of the patent application can be integrated in the upper wire guiding unit with a low structural cost. Alternatively, the cable farm can also be designed to have a wire hole that can be linearly displaced transversely to the direction of travel of the wire. The drive for displacing the wire holes can be realized by means of a lift cylinder or a lifting magnet. The positioning drive of the arm member of the secret pull device can include a stepper motor. The hole arrangement according to item 3 of the patent application scope optimizes the wire drawing effect of the wire drawing device. One of the extending paths on the wire hole line which is fixed to the frame is preferably disposed in the vicinity of the swingable wire hole. The distance between the swingable wire hole in the t-position/inactive position and the wire hole fixed to the two opposing frames may be less than 2 cm or less than icm. According to the arrangement scheme of the wire drawing device described in the fourth paragraph of the patent application scope, the wire pulling device and the upper wire can be integrated in a structural unit that can be mounted by touch. It is just right that an upper clamp reduces the cost of construction and the cost of control when the seam cutting machine is in operation. The advantages of the method according to items 6 and 7 of the scope of the patent application correspond to the content of the product description. The Gegen-Drehposition can be rotated by at least 180 after the shuttle tip is in the gripping rotational position. After that, it reaches, for example, at the tip of the shuttle. Or commit. after that. Since the wire-off position is maintained during at least part of the shuttle rotation after the upper thread is grasped by the shuttle/snake hook/groove (Grdfer), the end of the wire end of the wire (four) at the beginning of the thread is realized. Pull down to pass the sewing material. When the cable assembly is displaced from the towel position to the cable position, the tension on the upper thread (ΑηΖ_η) results in 'the wire rod is released on the upper line when the wire rod is subsequently lifted again. 4 201245530 = condition the seam start portion The specified length value at which the line coma is caused by (4)^ by the shift of the first sewing period of the upper portion of the upper thread. It is possible to shift the position of the line. (4) The s1 inlet cable pulling device is from the neutral position to the second sewing period during the pulling, and the::=: is performed at the beginning of the sewing seam. It can be done by a small amount; == the back of the sewing period «Setting the position from the (10) position ^ \ in the rhythm of the lungs to make the end of the stroke. Example % / This return can also be shifted in the neutral position at the seam cut. At the end of the machine's tangential process, it is carried out according to item 8 of the scope of application of the patent. The beginning of the upper seam is ensured to be reliable, and the late-month is not lower than the sin of the market. This time delay should be reliably performed according to the value'. The absolute time delay described in item 9 of the patent range has proven to be particularly suitable for ensuring reliable operation of the wire drawing device. The unloading of the press unit/presser foot as described in the first paragraph of the patent application is blocked. When the shuttle pulls down through the upper thread of the sewing material, the upper thread is undesirably clamped by the pressing device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The following is a more detailed description of an embodiment of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings: The front view of the sewing machine is taken out. The 2nd!! scale enlarged in Fig. 1 shows that the upper thread of the sewing machine according to the Fig. The needle bar top dead center, the third position of the spindle position is the ratio of the phase 1 enlarged in Fig. 1 . The upper thread guiding unit of the sewing machine according to Fig. 1 is at "205. Looping stroke, spindle position" In the fourth embodiment, the upper thread guiding unit of the sewing machine according to Fig. 1 is shown at "300" in a scale enlarged with respect to Fig. 1. The upper clamp is activated, and the 201245530 part of the spindle position; the upper diagram of the snapshot is shown in the enlarged scale of Fig. 1 showing the seam according to Fig. 1: the unit is in the "325. Pulling device is activated" spindle position The upper diagram ϋ shows the slit according to Fig. 1 in the enlarged scale of Fig. 1; and the soap element at "6G. The top dead center of the pole, the θ Γ Γ of the main shaft position, and the exit is defined by the upper and lower lines. A schematic view of a vertical section of the seam plane opening the gap is: having an initial line portion of the end portion. Magical depth I: implementing a cold type] Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment Column 4 has an upper arm 2 and - shell-shaped lower substrate 3 'they are connected by means of the main power = 2 figure) ' can be connected with the + central control device 6, at the :==. ==^!= but also The central control unit can be set to be over-powered, and the second unit 1 can be externally connected, for example, through the upper and lower fascination (four). The needle bar 7 is driven up and down by the wire 5, and the lower end of the needle bar is mounted with a figure) The eyelet of the needle 8. The upper thread 9 (see the second in the substrate 3 is arranged with a shuttle 1 〇, the shuttle 1 〇 can be guided under Rotating the axis u in the vertical direction (see Fig. 2) is rotated = ^ line storage device 13 (see Fig. 7) is located in the bobbin case of the shuttle 1 or the I2 figure of the day is shown in detail. The guiding of the upper thread 9. The first upper thread clamp 14 is provided from the eyelet of the needle 8 in the reverse upper thread conveying direction, that is, in the upper_storage side upper line extension 6 201245530 extension route. a splint 15 that is displaceable relative to its base 16. The base 16 is a mounting plate that is disposed on the head of the sewing machine. The first upper clip 14 is in communication with the control device 6 and is capable of being in the gripping position and loosening the wire. Shift between positions in which the upper thread 9 is clamped at the position of the first upper clamp n, and in the loose position the first upper clamp 14 releases the upper thread 9. In the region of the first upper clamp 14 The upper thread 9 extends substantially vertically. The upper thread 9 can be defined by the plurality of threading ports 17 in the base body 16 through the channel position of the first upper thread clamp 14. In the illustrated embodiment, the upper thread 9 passes through the right side. Two threading ports 17, the second threading port 17 on the right side is a total of five arranged transversely to the line conveying direction One of the threading ports. A wire rod 18 is provided upstream of the first upper wire clamp 14, and the up and down movement of the wire rod is also guided in a known manner by the main shaft 5. The wire rod hole 19 provided on the free end portion of the wire rod 18 Between the first upper wire clamp 14 and the first upper wire clamp 14, the upper wire 9 also passes through the guide hole 20, which is provided on the upper end of the base body 16 in Fig. 2. Above the wire rod 18, the upper thread 9 passes through the upper thread. The upper line claiming device 21 comprises two claiming devices 22 which operate in a known manner and are arranged directly in succession in the upper line conveying direction. The upper line claiming means 21 is in communication with the ten central control device 6. When the control device 6 activates the tensioner 22, that is, when the tensioning air cylinder is lowered, the claiming device 22 causes the upper thread 9 to be at a predetermined thread tension. This tight wire cylinder is not shown in the drawings. It is claimed that the tensioner 22 can also be used to clamp the upper thread 9 at the position where the tensioner 22 is claimed. Between the upper threading tensioning device 21 and the wire rod 18, the upper thread 9 passes through the other guiding hole 23, which can be displaced in a configurable manner transverse to the upper thread conveying direction. In the extension of the upper thread 9, the wire pulling device 24 is arranged between the shuttle 10 and the line 7 201245530 rod 18, in particular between the needle 8 and the thread rod 18, more precisely the upper thread clamp 14 and the wire rod. Between 18. The wire drawing device 24 has a swingable arm member 25, which is hinged to the clamping plate 15 of the upper thread clamp 14 via the swing joint 26. The wire drawing device 24 is thus mounted to the clamping plate 15 of the upper wire clamp 14. The arm member 25 of the wire drawing device 24 has a wire hole 27 at its free end, which wire hole can be transverse to the wire travel direction of the upper wire 9 on two oppositely fixed guide holes 28 disposed on the base body 16. Move between. The arm member 25 is changeable between a neutral position shown in FIG. 2 and a pull position in FIG. 3, in which the upper thread 9 is between the two guide holes 28 fixed to the opposite frame. That is, there is a thread between the needle 8 and the wire rod 18, which is a thread difference from the corresponding line % of the upper thread 9 when the arm member 25 is at the neutral position. In the illustrated embodiment, the thread difference is, for example, 20 mm. The two opposite frame-mounted guide holes 28 allow the upper wires 9 to have the same regardless of the extension route between the two opposite frame-mounted guide holes 28, regardless of whether the arm member 25 is in the pull-wire position or in the neutral position. The extension of the route. The arm member 25 can be displaced between the neutral position and the cable position by means of an electromagnetic drive, which in turn is communicatively connected to the control device 6. As an alternative to the electromagnetic drive, the upper thread pretensioning device can also be provided pneumatically or by means of a stepper motor upstream of the upper line claim 21 for the upper thread pretensioning device to also be operated in a known manner and Control sets the u 6 communication connection. The upper tensioning device 21 and the pre-tensioning device 29, which have two claims, are also placed on the mounting plate 3, which is in turn mounted on the arm 2 (see Fig. 1). Upstream of the upper pretensioning device 29, the upper thread 9 passes through the threading opening 31, and the opening is provided in the mounting plate 30 in the upper, forwardly curved, 90° edge region in Fig. 2 . Upstream of the threading opening 31 is provided with an upper bobbin which is not shown in detail for the upper line 201245530 storage device. The second to sixth figures do not show the transient rotational position of the main shaft 5. A hand wheel 32 connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the end side of the main shaft 5 is provided with a corner scale. The corner scale is divided into 360 angular graduation scales to indicate the completeness of the main shaft 5. The indexing position of the corner scale 33 is involved. A sewing plane is defined by the sewing material 34 (see Fig. 7) in a flat position on the needle plate 35 of the slitting machine 1. Figure 2 shows 0. Spindle position. In this spindle position, the needle bar 7 is at the top dead center. This position is selected at the start of sewing, i.e., at the beginning of the stitching, because the channel for inserting the stitching 34 below the needle 8 is the largest at this position. In the 〇 position, the upper clamp 14 is in the loose position. The online claim that the tightening device 21 is activated. The wire drawing device 24 is in a neutral position. The upper thread pretensioning device 29 is activated. The mast 18 is located in a path upward from its bottom dead center. Figure 3 shows at 2〇5. Spindle 5 in position. In this position, the needle bar 7 is at 180 from it. The bottom dead center reached at the time is returned a further distance, thereby forming a loop that is not visible in Fig. 3 next to the eyelet of the needle 8. At 2〇5. In the position, the edge of the shuttle 10, which is also invisible in Fig. 3, can be engaged into the loop and subsequently drive the upper thread 9. In the 205° position, the upper clamp 14 is activated into the gripping position. The upper line asserts that the tightening device 21 is activated. The wire pulling device 24 is in a neutral position. The upper thread pretensioning device 29 is activated. The mast 18 is located on a path leading to its bottom dead center. The wire rod 18 has left its top dead center, resulting in an excessive line between the upper wire clamp 14 and the upper wire claiming device 21, that is, where the wire is not tensioned as shown in Fig. 2. Such a line excess is almost the wire rod hole 19 from the top dead center of the wire rod 18 to the 205 shown in Fig. 2. The distance of the location is twice. From 205. From the position, the shuttle 10 begins to pull the upper thread out with the tip of the wire that engages the wire loop. Since the upper clamp 14 is in the clamping position, the upper thread 9 cannot be replenished from above 201245530. When the upper thread loop is pulled by the shuttle tip (four), the free end of the upper thread 9 passing through the sewing material is pulled downward. In order to prevent the presser foot 37 from clamping the free end portion 36 of the upper thread 9 (see Fig. 7) on the sewing material, at 2〇5. The presser foot 37 is unloaded in position so that the presser foot 37 is placed flat on the sewing material 34 without load. Figure 4 shows no more than 300. Spindle position. In the 3 〇〇. In the position, the mast hole 19 is located in the region of the bottom dead center. Here, the pulling of the upper thread by the shuttle 10 as described above is continued. In this spindle position, the upper thread 9 passing through the sewing material is pulled downward by means of the shuttle 1〇. At 300. In the spindle position, the presser foot 37 can be loaded again, so it was at 205. And 300. The effective unloading of the presser foot 37 between the spindle positions is no longer effective at this time. At this time, the upper clamp 14 is transferred to the clamping position. The upper thread asserts that the tensioning device 21 is activated and the upper thread 9 is kept under tension. The arm member 25 of the wire pulling device 24 is in the neutral position. The upper thread pretensioning device 29 is activated. At 3 〇〇. In the position, the free end 36 of the upper thread 9 is pulled down by the shuttle 1 〇. At 205° spindle position and 300. On the way between the positions of the spindles, the shuttle 10 is pulled downwards through the free end 36 of the upper thread 9 of the sewing material 34. In the case where the spindle continues to operate, the wire rod 18 pulls back the upper thread 9 in the sewing material 34, as more clearly shown below. Thus, the free end portion 36 projects a correspondingly smaller line length from the sewing material 34. Figure 5 shows 325 when (forming) the next seam. Spindle position. The spindle 5 is further rotated through 120° (actually 480°) in the sewing direction with respect to the position according to Fig. 3. In the 325° position, the upper line 14 is located at the loose line position. The upper line asserts that the device 21 is activated. The arm member 25 of the wire pulling device 24 is now displaced to the wire position. In the 325° position the 'bar hole 19 is in the initial upward movement after the bottom dead center. By shifting the wire pulling device 24 to the wire position, & an excessive upper wire which is still in the region of the wire rod hole 19 according to the position of Fig. 2 is pulled toward the wire hole 27 of the wire drawing device 24 at this time. At this time on the line 9 line rod hole 丨 9 and 10 201245530
Ϊ = ί之間不存在難的過量上線，即上線在第6圖中幾 3 2 5 〇 J立置 ，才目劈;f· 4-A 地圍繞轉動軸線η進據第3圖的位置擺梭10也相應 24〇。(事實上ν轉動，即圍繞轉動軸線11轉過 Ψ ^ ^ Μ ^ 、 在主軸的進一步運行中，線桿18把所 時在拉㈣的區域中的上線9拉回一定量，該量使上線9這 時在^裝置24的區域中具有延長的延伸長度。 出6〇°主轴位置。針8處於向下的路程中。上線 緊掌置29、Γί位置。上線主張緊裝置21被啟動。上線預張 的°置24處於拉線位置。線上縫形成 逐針地分別朝期間，拉線裝置24也可以 線裝置在拉線位置和中性該增量為拉 ^ & Α τ丨王位置之間的整個路程的一々、都 :=::=::r:rr㈣量調整過程返 =r 二桿==:=縫 引起的彎曲線9的由移位到拉線位置的拉線裝置24 當上線9的端部36不打結，即自由時， 作從根據第2圖的〇。主軸位置開始。在該位置中 料3 4。在控制設備6中存儲狀態信息“線縫起始”; 2圖的位置起，如第7圖所示，開始在縫料第 在並且僅在最初過程令，如上所述地 置=縫。 拉線位置。與上文相應地，在第二車縫=:到 24從中性位置移位到拉線位置。在所有H ^線裝置 中’拉線裝置24持續地保持在拉線位置。在3气5。:：形成 時，拉線裝置24被啟動到拉線位置中導致位置 仕進一步的運 11 201245530 行中利用線杯18回拉穿過縫料34的上線9的自由端部36，進 而使之變短。可選地，也可以在第一車縫，第三車縫或更 靠後的車縫形成時使拉線裝置2 4從中性位置移位到拉線 位置。 、 在第一次使拉線裝置24從中性位置移位到拉線位置並 且返回後，存儲在控制設備6中的狀態信息“線縫起始，，被轉 變成“連續線縫”。在切線過程之後透過控制設備6重新移位 到線縫起始”。在進一步的縫製過程中詢問狀態信息。拉 線裝置24只有在狀態信息為“線縫起始”時才被致動。在縫 製過程結束時以及必要時，在進行了切線過程後，拉線裝 置24被重定至中性位置。這也可以如上所述地線上縫形成 期間漸增地進行。 從縫料34突出的自由端部36的長度可由拉線位置中的 煮件25的角位置規定。特別是當臂件25被步進馬達驅動 時，在控制設備6中可預先選定多個線端長度。在拉線位置 中，根據選定的線端長度決定由控制設備6控制的臂件25角 位置。可選地，形成相應線端長度的拉線長度也可以透過 用於臂件25的機械止撞進行設定。 在驅控上線夾14之後50ms，使拉線裝置24從中性位置 移位到拉線位置。 由控制設備6設定一時間延遲，該時間延遲主要取決於 使上線夾14操作可靠地作出移位的移位時間。 線上縫起始部處第一車縫的整個過程--在此期間使 拉線裝置24從中性位置移位到拉線位置並且返回--在固 定的主軸轉速下進行，該固定的主軸轉速小於主軸5的其它 工作轉速。主軸的該較小轉速也由控制設備6規定。因為在 固定的主軸轉速下形成第一車縫，所以針對在驅控上線夾 14後使拉線裝置24作出移位的時間延遲定出例如5〇ms的恒 12 201245530 定值。 換η之，縫製線縫起始部的方法可描述如下：首先形 成上線環。接著，在梭尖的抓住轉動位置中，利用擺梭1〇 $梭尖抓住上線環。然後，在擺梭1〇的梭尖圍繞擺梭1〇的 擺梭盒轉㈣24G。至25G。，尤其是24G。直至到達與抓住轉動 位置相對的反轉動位置的轉動期間，利用擺梭10的梭尖將 上線9拉出。從抓住轉動位置開始，擺梭10的梭尖一直轉動 到反轉動位置，即圍繞擺梭10的擺梭盒轉動至少半轉。在 擺梭10的梭尖到達反轉動位置後，使拉線裝置24從令性位 置移位到拉線位置。 由於臂件25在中性位置和拉線位置之間的移位帶來的 線私差可以根據鏠料34的厚度規定。縫料34的厚度可以由 ，用者設;t或者也可以由在附圖_未示出的厚度感測器測 里。為了處理㈣的縫料厚度值以及為了把線程差設定值 傳遞至拉線裝置24’控做備6也可以與制厚度感測 信連接。 ° 針對在縫製過程結束時的切線過程，可以使主張緊器 22形成氣隙(抬起），從而使主張緊器22處不存在線張力。= 縫製過裎中主張緊器22產生縫製必需的線張力。與拉線裝 置24從中性位置到拉線位置的移位共同作用，主張緊器a 可以被轉移到夾線位置中，從而確保了上線9從自由端部％ 起被拉回。主張緊器22的這種夾線功能可以在縫料中^上 線9承受很大摩擦的縫製進料時使用。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖示出縫紉機的正視透視圖； 第2圖以相對於第j圖放大的比例示出根 城的上線引導單元在“〇。針桿上死點，，主軸位置時的H縫 13 201245530 第3圖以相對於第1圖放大的比例示出根據第1圖的縫 紉機的上線引導單元在“205°成環行程”主轴位置時的局部； 第4圖以相對於第1圖放大的比例示出根據第1圖的縫 紉機的上線引導單元在“300°上線夾去啟動”主軸位置時的 局部； 第5圖以相對於第1圖放大的比例示出根據第1圖的縫 紉機的上線引導單元在“325°拉線裝置被啟動”主轴位置時 的局部； 第6圖以相對於第1圖放大的比例示出根據第1圖的縫 紉機的上線引導單元在“60°線桿上死點”主軸位置時的局 部；以及 第7圖示出沿著由上線和底線限定的線縫平面將雙層 縫料剖開的垂直剖面的示意圖，其中可見具有自由的上線 端部的初始線縫部份。 【主要元件符號說明】 2...上臂 12...繞線盒 3...基板 13...底線儲存裝置 4...立柱 14...上線夾 5...主軸 15...炎板 6...中央控制設備 16...基體 7...針桿 17，31...穿線口 8···針 18...線桿 9...上線 19.··線桿孔 10...擺梭 20，23，28.··引導孔 11...轉動軸線 21...上線主張緊裝置 14 201245530 22…主張緊器 32...手輪 24...拉線裝置 33...轉角刻度 25...臂件 34...缝料 26...擺動關節 35...針板 27…線孔 36...自由端部 29.. .上線預張緊裝置 30.. .安裝板 37…壓腳 15There is no difficult over-line between Ϊ = ί, that is, the upper line is set up in several figures in Figure 6 for 3 2 5 〇J, only to see it; f· 4-A is placed around the axis of rotation η according to the position of Figure 3 Shuttle 10 also corresponds to 24 inches. (In fact, ν rotates, that is, rotates around the axis of rotation 11 by Ψ ^ ^ Μ ^. During further operation of the spindle, the wire rod 18 pulls the upper line 9 in the region of the pull (four) back a certain amount, which makes the line up. 9 at this time has an extended extension in the area of the device 24. The spindle position is 6 〇 °. The needle 8 is in the downward path. The upper thread is in the position of 29, Γί. The upper line asserts that the device 21 is activated. The tension 24 of the sheet is in the position of the pull wire. The stitches of the wire are formed in a needle-by-needle direction, and the wire pulling device 24 can also be in the position of the wire and neutral in the increment of the pull between the position of the pull and the position of the king The entire distance of the trip, both: =::=::r: rr (four) quantity adjustment process back = r two shots ==: = the bending line 9 caused by the slit to the wire pull device 24 shifted to the pull position When the end 36 of the 9 is not knotted, that is, free, it starts from the spindle position according to Fig. 2. In this position, the material 34 is stored. The state information "sew start" is stored in the control device 6; The position of the figure, as shown in Figure 7, starts at the sewing material and only in the initial process, as described above = seam Pulling position. Correspondingly, the second sewing position =: to 24 is shifted from the neutral position to the pulling position. In all H-line devices, the cable pulling device 24 is continuously maintained at the cable position. 3 gas 5.:: When forming, the wire drawing device 24 is activated to the position of the wire to cause the position to further move. In the 201245530 row, the wire cup 18 is pulled back through the free end portion 36 of the upper thread 9 of the sewing material 34, Further, it is made shorter. Alternatively, the wire pulling device 24 can be displaced from the neutral position to the wire position when the first sewing seam, the third sewing seam or the rear seam is formed. After the wire pulling device 24 is displaced from the neutral position to the wire position and returned, the state information "slot start" stored in the control device 6 is converted into "continuous seam". After the tangential process The control device 6 is re-shifted to the seam start". The status information is interrogated during further sewing. The cable puller 24 is only actuated when the status information is "sew start". At the end of the sewing process and If necessary, after the tangential process is performed, the wire pulling device 24 is heavy To the neutral position. This can also be carried out incrementally during the formation of the seam on the line as described above. The length of the free end 36 protruding from the seam 34 can be specified by the angular position of the boil 25 in the position of the wire. When the arm member 25 is driven by the stepping motor, a plurality of line end lengths may be preselected in the control device 6. In the cable position, the angular position of the arm member 25 controlled by the control device 6 is determined according to the selected line end length. Alternatively, the length of the cable forming the length of the corresponding wire end can also be set by the mechanical collision for the arm member 25. After the upper wire clamp 14 is driven for 50 ms, the wire pulling device 24 is displaced from the neutral position to the cable position. A time delay is set by the control device 6, which is primarily dependent on the shift time that causes the upper clamp 14 to operate reliably displaced. The entire process of the first seam at the beginning of the seam - during which the cable puller 24 is displaced from the neutral position to the cable position and returned - at a fixed spindle speed, the fixed spindle speed being less than Other operating speeds of the spindle 5. This small rotational speed of the spindle is also specified by the control device 6. Since the first sewing is formed at a fixed spindle speed, a constant 12 201245530 setting of, for example, 5 〇ms is determined for the time delay in which the wire pulling device 24 is displaced after the upper wire clamp 14 is driven. For the change of η, the method of sewing the start of the seam can be described as follows: First, the upper loop is formed. Next, in the gripping position of the shuttle tip, the upper loop is grasped by the shuttle 1 梭 $ shuttle tip. Then, turn the shuttle tip of the shuttle 1 围绕 around the shuttle 1 〇 shuttle box (4) 24G. To 25G. Especially 24G. The upper thread 9 is pulled out by the tip of the shuttle 10 until the rotation to the reverse rotation position opposite to the gripping position is reached. From the grasping of the rotational position, the shuttle tip of the shuttle 10 is rotated all the way to the reverse rotational position, i.e., the shuttle box around the shuttle 10 is rotated at least half a turn. After the shuttle tip of the shuttle 10 reaches the reverse rotational position, the cable puller 24 is displaced from the erect position to the pull position. The line privacy due to the displacement of the arm member 25 between the neutral position and the wire position can be specified in accordance with the thickness of the dip material 34. The thickness of the suture 34 can be set by the user; t or can also be measured by a thickness sensor as shown in the attached drawing. In order to process the sewing material thickness value of (4) and to transfer the thread difference set value to the wire drawing device 24', the welding device 6 can also be connected to the thickness sensing signal. ° For the tangential process at the end of the sewing process, the tensioning device 22 can be made to form an air gap (lifting) so that there is no line tension at the claiming device 22. = The thread tension necessary for sewing is claimed in the sewing machine. In conjunction with the displacement of the wire puller 24 from the neutral position to the wire position, the tensioner a can be transferred into the wire clamping position, thereby ensuring that the upper wire 9 is pulled back from the free end %. It is claimed that the thread clamping function of the tensioner 22 can be used in the sewing material in which the thread 9 is subjected to a large friction sewing feed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a front perspective view of the sewing machine; Fig. 2 is a plan view showing the upper line guiding unit of the root city in a scale enlarged with respect to the jth figure, "〇. Needle bar top dead center, spindle position" H slit 13 201245530 Fig. 3 shows a portion of the upper thread guiding unit of the sewing machine according to Fig. 1 at the "205° looping stroke" spindle position in a scale enlarged with respect to Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is relative to the The enlarged scale of Fig. 1 shows a part of the upper thread guiding unit of the sewing machine according to Fig. 1 at the "300° upper thread clamping start" spindle position; Fig. 5 is shown in a scale enlarged with respect to Fig. 1 according to Fig. 1 Part of the upper thread guiding unit of the sewing machine in the "325 ° wire drawing device is activated" spindle position; Fig. 6 shows the upper thread guiding unit of the sewing machine according to Fig. 1 at "60° in a scale enlarged with respect to Fig. 1 a portion of the upper end of the wire rod at the position of the main shaft; and FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a vertical section of the double-layered slit along a line plane defined by the upper and lower lines, wherein a free upper end is visible Initial seam [Main component symbol description] 2...Upper arm 12... Winding box 3... Substrate 13... Bottom line storage device 4... Upright column 14... Upper thread clamp 5... Spindle 15..炎板6...Central control device 16...Base 7...Needle bar 17,31...Threading port 8···Needle 18...Pole 9...Upline 19.··Line Rod hole 10... Shuttle 20, 23, 28. · Guide hole 11... Rotation axis 21... Upper line claiming device 14 201245530 22... Claiming the tensioner 32... Handwheel 24... Pulling Wire device 33...angle scale 25...arm member 34...sewing material 26...swing joint 35...needle plate 27...wire hole 36...free end portion 29.. Tightening device 30.. mounting plate 37... presser foot 15