TW201136082A - Battery protection circuit, method and battery pack thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A battery protection circuit comprising: a monitoring circuit operable for monitoring a cell and generating a monitoring signal indicating a cell voltage of said cell; an integrator circuit coupled to said monitoring circuit and operable for receiving said monitoring signal and a first predetermined threshold and for accumulating a difference between said monitoring signal and said first predetermined threshold over a time period to generate an integrating output; and a comparator coupled to said integrator circuit and operable for comparing said integrating output to a second predetermined threshold, and for generating a control signal.

Description

201136082 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關一種保護電路及方法，特別關於—種電 池保護電路、方法及其電池組。 【先前技術】 多種電子設備可以使用可充電電池。這些電子設備可以 包含筆記型電腦、手機、個人數位助理以及動力工具等。多 種可充電電池可以被應用於-些設備中，例如，鐘離子電 池、鎳鎘電池以及鎳氫電池。然而，一些可充電電池（例如， 鐘離子電池）’在特定狀態下（包含過壓狀態）會變得較危 險。因此’多種電絲護f路可被細於這些可充電電池的 電池組内。 在些例子中，除了一主電池保護電路之外，可外加〜 個二級電池保護電路。響應一持續的過餘態，二級電池保 _電路可以提供—個輸出至—個熔絲元件，以永久除能炫絲 "^…丨而，這種二級電池保護電路不能防護短時暫的過電 塗太端脈衝。另外，料元件不能夠在-導通狀態和-非導 _ Ά間轉換，因為—旦祕元件進人非導通狀態，炫絲 _更無法返_導通狀態（也就是—旦賴元件被改變复 狀態’溶絲元件就需要被替換）。 、 卜傳統的二級電池組保護電路不會檢測到在一相對 201136082 短暫時間内出現的一相對高的電壓尖端脈衝。 【發明内容】 本發明要解決的技賴題在於提供-㈣池保護電 路、方法及其電池組，能夠檢測到相對短的時間内出現的相 對大的電壓尖端脈衝，提高該電池保護電路的精確度。 為解決上述技術_，本發明提供_種電池保護電路， • 枝：一監測電路’監測一電池單元，並產生指示該電池單元 的一單元電龜的-監測信號；—積分電路，雛至該監測電 路’其中’該積分電路接收該監測信號和一第一臨界值，且將 該監測信號和該第-臨界值之_—錄於—時關隔内進 仃積刀’以產生-積分輸出；以及—比較器，輕接至該積分電 路其中’違比較器將該積分輸出與一第二臨界值進行比較， 且產生一控制信號。 Φ 本心月進步提供了一種電池保護方法’包含：監測多 個單7G電壓值，在一時間間隔内對指示多個單元電壓值中的— 單元電壓值的-監測信號與_第_臨界值的—差值進行積分 以產生一積分輪出；以及根據該積分輸出與-第二臨界值的— 比較結果產生一控制信號。 本發明進—步提供了一種電池組，包含：多個電池單元； 關與。亥夕個電池單元串聯；以及一電池保護電路，輕接 至5亥夕個電池單元’該電池保護電路在一時間間隔内將指示— 201136082 單元電壓值的-第-信號與—過電壓臨界值之間的_差值進 打積分，以產生-積分輸出，並且根據該積分輸出與—第二臨 界值的-比較結果產生-控制信號，其中，當該積分輪出舰 該第二臨界值時’關關被斷開㈣應該控制錢，進而保護 該電池組避免一暫態過電壓狀態。 本發明進-步提供了-種賴電池的方法，包含監則 -電池組㈣-電池單元的—單元值；_單元電壓值與 第-臨界值和-第二臨界值進行比較；若該單元電壓值超過 該第-臨界值’將該單元電壓值超職第—臨界值的—第一時 間間隔與-第-職時間間隔進行比較；若該第—時間間隔超 過該第-預設時間間隔，檢測—第—非職狀態；若該單元電 壓值超過該第二臨界值’將該單元電壓值超過該第二臨界值的 一第二時關隔與-第二預設時間間隔進行比較；若該第二時 間間隔超過該第二預設時關隔，__第二非預期狀態了其 中，該第-臨界值大於該第二臨界值，並且該第—預設時間間 隔小於該第二預設時間間隔。 本發明的f池賴祕、綠及其電敝_檢測 對短的時間内出現的相對大的尖端脈衝，進而提高該電 池保護電路的精確度。 實施方式】 雖然本發 以下將對本發明的實施例給出詳細的說明 201136082 明將結合實施例進行闡述 限定於這些實關。缺地解這鮮意指將本發明 專利範圍所界定的本發奸^發明意在涵蓋由後附申請 化、修改和均等物。神和乾圍内所定義的各種變 體細r /T對本發明的詳細料巾，卿大量的具 中具針對本發明的全面理解。然而’本技術領域201136082 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a protection circuit and method, and more particularly to a battery protection circuit, method and battery pack thereof. [Prior Art] A rechargeable battery can be used in various electronic devices. These electronic devices can include notebooks, cell phones, personal digital assistants, and power tools. A variety of rechargeable batteries can be used in some devices, such as clock ion batteries, nickel cadmium batteries, and nickel metal hydride batteries. However, some rechargeable batteries (e.g., ion batteries) may become more dangerous under certain conditions (including overvoltage conditions). Therefore, a variety of wire protection can be made thinner than the battery pack of these rechargeable batteries. In some examples, in addition to a main battery protection circuit, ~ two secondary battery protection circuits may be added. In response to a continuous over-the-state, the secondary battery protection circuit can provide an output to a fuse element for permanent de-energizing, and the secondary battery protection circuit cannot protect against short-term conditions. Temporary over-current coating of the tai chi pulse. In addition, the material component cannot be switched between the -conducting state and the -nonconducting state, because the sinusoidal component can not return to the conduction state (that is, the component is changed to the complex state). 'The filament component needs to be replaced.' The conventional secondary battery pack protection circuit does not detect a relatively high voltage tip pulse that occurs for a short period of time relative to 201136082. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a (four) cell protection circuit, a method and a battery pack thereof, which are capable of detecting a relatively large voltage tip pulse occurring in a relatively short period of time and improving the accuracy of the battery protection circuit. degree. In order to solve the above-mentioned technology, the present invention provides a battery protection circuit, a branch: a monitoring circuit 'monitoring a battery unit and generating a monitoring signal indicating a unit electric turtle of the battery unit; The monitoring circuit 'where' the integration circuit receives the monitoring signal and a first threshold value, and records the monitoring signal and the first threshold value in the time interval to enter the hoarding knife to generate an integral output And the comparator is lightly connected to the integrating circuit, wherein the 'inverting comparator compares the integrated output with a second threshold and generates a control signal. Φ This month's progress provides a battery protection method 'includes: monitoring multiple single 7G voltage values, indicating the monitoring signal and the _th_threshold value of the unit voltage value in a plurality of unit voltage values in one time interval The difference is integrated to generate an integral round; and a control signal is generated based on the comparison of the integrated output and the second threshold. The present invention further provides a battery pack comprising: a plurality of battery cells; a battery unit is connected in series; and a battery protection circuit is lightly connected to a battery unit of 5 ́s. The battery protection circuit will indicate during a time interval - 201136082 unit voltage value - first signal and - over voltage threshold The difference between the _ difference is integrated to generate an -integrated output, and a control signal is generated based on the comparison result of the integral output and the second threshold value, wherein when the integrating wheel exits the second threshold 'The off is turned off (four) should control the money, and then protect the battery pack to avoid a transient overvoltage condition. The present invention further provides a method for cultivating a battery, comprising: a battery value of a battery pack (four)-battery unit; a unit voltage value is compared with a first threshold value and a second threshold value; The first time interval in which the voltage value exceeds the first threshold value 'the voltage value of the unit exceeds the first threshold value is compared with the first job time interval; if the first time interval exceeds the first time interval , detecting - the first - non-employment state; if the cell voltage value exceeds the second threshold value - comparing the cell voltage value to a second threshold value of the second threshold interval and - the second predetermined time interval; If the second time interval exceeds the second preset time interval, the __ second unintended state, wherein the first threshold value is greater than the second threshold value, and the first preset time interval is less than the second Preset time interval. The f-cell, green, and electro-optical_detection of the present invention detects relatively large tip pulses occurring in a short period of time, thereby improving the accuracy of the battery protection circuit. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. The lack of land is intended to cover the application, modification and equalization of the present invention as defined by the scope of the invention. Various variants of the definitions of the invention are defined in detail in the Detailed Description of the Invention. However, the technical field

、有心知識者應理解’沒有這些具體細節，本發 樣可以實施。在苴你杳 .在其他貫例中，對於習知方法、流程'元件 和電路未作詳細描述，以便於凸顯本發明之主旨。 圖1所示為-電子設備⑴㈣方塊圖，電子設備觸包含 一直流電源104和-電池組1G2 ’以對系統⑽提供電源。若 直流電源1G4 (例如，m讀換器）林在，電源將由 電池組102提供給系統11〇。若直流電源1〇4存在，直流電源 ⑽將對系統110提供電源’並且提供電源以對電池組脱中 的夕個電池單凡12G充電。在—種電池充電模式中，開關 可以閉合關關S2可靖開。在這_子巾，電流流、經閉合 的開關S1和並聯於斷開的開關S2的二極體D2以提供充電電 肌給電池單it 12G。在另-種電池充電模式中，開關S1和開關 S2都閉合以減少因二極體D2而所引起的損耗。在一種電池供 電模式中，開關以可以斷開而開關幻可以閉合。由電池單元 至系、、先110的電流可以流經閉合的開關S2和並聯於斷開的 201136082 開關S1的二極體D1。在另一種電池供電模式中，開關S1和 開關S2都閉合以減少因二極體D1而引所起的損耗。 電池組102更包含一主電池保護電路122、一濾波器128、 一二級安全電路130、一熔絲元件丨32以及一帶有暫態過電壓 (οντ)保護的一二級電池保護電路126。主電池保護電路122 可以監測包含每個電池單元12〇中的電壓位準以及充電和放電 的電流位準的多種狀態，並且提供多個充電控制信號 (CHGJN)和多個放電控制信號（DSGJ；N)。電池單元12〇 中的每個電池單元的單元電壓值同樣可以透過濾波器128被二 級女全電路130所監測。濾波器可過濾較短持續時間暫態 過電壓尖端脈衝（shorter duration over v〇itage transient spikes)。二級安全電路13〇監測每個電池單元i2〇中的電壓位 準’並且若其中一個電池單元的電壓位準在持續的時間間隔内 超過過電壓臨界值’則二級安全電路13〇向溶絲元件1幻提 供一信號’以熔斷或者斷開熔斷元件132。因此，渡波器128 可阻止溶絲元件132因較短持續時間暫態過電壓尖端脈衝所引 起的熔斷現象。 右任何—個電池單元的輕位準在-小於或者等於暫態 日=間隔的時間間隔内大於過電壓臨界值，則電池組⑽可更 包含一帶有暫態過電壓保護電路的二級電池保護電路Μ，以 保護電池單元12G。如本文巾姻“賴咖咖(transient time 201136082 interval)’’是關於電池組_的—永 在持續過電綠態下被啟動所用的時間_如^ = ==狀、_久保護裝置以Those who have the knowledge should understand that this sample can be implemented without these specific details. In other examples, well-known methods, procedures, components and circuits have not been described in detail in order to highlight the gist of the invention. Figure 1 shows a block diagram of an electronic device (1) (four) that includes a DC power source 104 and a battery pack 1G2' to provide power to the system (10). If a DC power source 1G4 (e.g., an m-reader) is in the forest, the power source will be supplied to the system 11 by the battery pack 102. If DC power supply 1〇4 is present, the DC power supply (10) will provide power to system 110 and provide power to charge 12G of the battery pack that is off the battery pack. In the battery charging mode, the switch can be closed and closed S2 to open. In this hood, the current flow, the closed switch S1, and the diode D2 connected in parallel to the open switch S2 to provide a charging electrode to the battery unit it 12G. In another battery charging mode, both switch S1 and switch S2 are closed to reduce losses due to diode D2. In one battery power mode, the switch can be opened and the switch can be closed. The current from the battery unit to the first 110 can flow through the closed switch S2 and the diode D1 connected in parallel to the open 201136082 switch S1. In another battery powered mode, both switch S1 and switch S2 are closed to reduce losses due to diode D1. The battery pack 102 further includes a main battery protection circuit 122, a filter 128, a secondary safety circuit 130, a fuse element 丨32, and a secondary battery protection circuit 126 with transient overvoltage (οντ) protection. The main battery protection circuit 122 can monitor various states including the voltage level in each of the battery cells 12 以及 and the current levels of charging and discharging, and provide a plurality of charging control signals (CHGJN) and a plurality of discharging control signals (DSGJ; N). The cell voltage value of each of the battery cells 12A can also be monitored by the secondary female circuit 130 through the filter 128. The filter filters short duration duration v〇itage transient spikes. The secondary safety circuit 13A monitors the voltage level in each battery unit i2〇 and if the voltage level of one of the battery units exceeds the overvoltage threshold for a continuous time interval, the secondary safety circuit 13 dissolves The wire element 1 magically provides a signal 'to blow or break the fuse element 132. Thus, the waver 128 prevents the melting element 132 from fusing due to the short duration transient overvoltage tip pulse. The battery unit (10) may further include a secondary battery protection with a transient over-voltage protection circuit if the light level of any of the right battery cells is greater than the overvoltage threshold within a time interval less than or equal to the transient day = interval. The circuit is turned on to protect the battery unit 12G. For example, the "transient time 201136082 interval" is the time taken for the battery pack _ to be activated in the continuous over-current green state _ such as ^ = ==, _ long-term protection device

職秒㈤。，：級姆護如26_池== 不受較短時間_過電壓尖端脈衝的影響，進而不會觸發其他 的水久保護裝置。例如，二級電池保護電路126可以保護電也 單元126免受—她含大小僅1毫伏W)且僅持❸微秒 (PS)的短過電壓尖端脈衝的影響。 除了保護電池單元12G免於暫態過電壓錢外，二級電池 保護電路！26更可以保護電池單元12〇免於時間間隔大於暫態 時間間隔的持續過電壓狀態。有了這種性能，二級電池保護電 路126可以部分提供與二級安全電路130重複的功能。這樣， 遽波器128、一級安全電路130以及炫絲元件132中的一個或 者多個可以從電池組1〇2中移去以節省元件成本和空間。或 者’濾、波器128、二級安全電路13〇以及熔絲元件132可以被 保留’二級電池保護電路126的持續過電壓保護特徵可以提供 進一步的可靠性。 圖2所示為可以應用於圖1中電子設備100的電池組102a 的一實施例的方塊圖。電池單元12〇包含多個電池單元 CELU、CELL2、CELL3。每個電池單元耦接至主電池保護電 201136082 路122、RC濾波網路128a以及二級電池保護電路126。RC據 波網路128a包含電阻R5、R7、R8以及電容C2、C3、C4。在 一實施例中，電阻R5、R7、R8的阻值為丨千歐姆（kQ)，電 容C2、C3、C4的電容值為〇.1微法拉（μ]ρ)。 RC濾波網路128a可以濾出短持續時間暫態過電壓尖端脈 衝，並且向二級安全電路130提供代表每個電池單元電壓的輪 入信號。若任何一個電池單元的電壓在大於暫態時間間隔的時 間段内超過過電壓臨界值（如4.2伏），二級安全電路13〇向電 晶體Q7的控制端提供一控制信號，進而使電晶體q7導通，並 且溶斷炫絲F1。附加的熱熔絲F2與溶絲F1串聯麵接。 圖1中的充電開關S1和放電開關S2的功能可以由圖2中 的電晶體Q1至Q6實現。電晶體至（^6可以是任何種類的 電晶體，包含場效應電晶體（fleld effect transist〇rs，FET)，例 如’金屬氧化物半導體場效電晶體（metal〇xidesemic()nduetQii field effect transistor，M〇SFET)以及雙極型電晶體。電池組ι〇2 更可包含一電池能源管理電路23〇以檢測電池單元12〇a的容 量’並且基於各種檢測到的狀態提供表示電池單元剩餘容 量的輸出信號。感應電阻234可以為主電池保護電路122提供 電流資訊。 二級電池保護電路126位於主電池保護電路122和電晶體 Q1至Q6之間。二級電池保護電路126可以接收來自主電池保 201136082 護電路122的充電控制信號（CHG—m)和放電控制信號 (DSG—IN) ’並且提供輸出充電控制信號（CHG)和放電控制 信號⑽G)給電晶體Q1至Q6。二級電池保護電路126也可 以献來自終端270、272、274和276的信號，這些信號代表 電池單it 12Ga巾每個電池單元的單元賴值。通常，二級電池 保護電路丨26可以監測電池單元施中每個電池單元的單元 電壓值，並且為電晶體Q1至Q6提供—輪出信號，進而在暫態 過電壓狀態下保護電池單元12〇a。 圖3所示為具有暫態過電壓保護的二級電池保護電路12知 的-實施的方塊圖。電路l26a包含過電壓檢測電路逝。過電 壓檢測電路302檢測每個電池單元35〇、352、354和说的電 壓進而檢魏含在㈣短時間間_的任意持續時間中超過 過電壓臨界值的任何電池單元電壓。過制電路3〇2接著 便提供-輸此號，輸出信號表示是否有任何電池單元现、 352、354和356的單元電廢值大於過電墨臨界值（如4 2v)。 當過電壓檢測電路302提供-表示電池單元中的一電池單 元的單元電壓值大於過電壓臨界值的輸出信號時，二級電池保 護電路126a便採取步驟保護電池單元35〇、352、354和356 免於這-種暫態過電壓狀態。這種賴可以包含斷開一適當的 開關S1或者S2進秘電池單元與過電壓狀細離。這種保護 還可以包含增加-個處於導通狀態下的適當的開關&或者幻 201136082 的内部電阻值，進而將電池單元的單元電壓值限制為一適當的 值。 開關S1和S2可以是任何種類的電晶體，例如，場效電晶 體340和342，並且由二級電池保護電路12知向這些場效電晶 體的閘極提供-糊錄。控制錢可歧數健號或者類比 信號。可以使用數位信號將適當的開關（如S1或者⑵驅動 至斷開狀態’進而使電池單元與暫態過電壓狀態隔離。可以使 用類比信號來㈣開關的導通電阻值（當開_於導通㈣ φ 時）進而將電池單元的電麗限制為一合適的值。例如，當開關 是場效電晶體時’該場效電晶體可以被該触信雜動進入飽 和狀態進而使該場效電晶體充當為可變電阻。因此，場效電晶 體的導通電阻值可以被類比信號控制至理想的值，進而將電池 單元的單元電壓值限制為一合適的安全值。 圖4所示為二級電池保護電路126b的另一實施的方塊 圖。除了為電池單元提供防止暫態過電壓狀態的臨時保護外， 馨 二級電池保護電路126b還能夠為電池單元提供防止持續過電 壓狀態的永久保護。二級電池保護電路126b還能夠進一步為 電池單元提供防止其他不利狀況（如過溫狀況）的永久保護。 二級電池保護電路126b包含一電池單元過電壓檢測電路 402、一電池單元過電壓（COV)延伸電路404、一低通濾波器 408、一熔絲栓鎖器406、一充電驅動器412、一放電驅動器410、 12 201136082 開關禁止電路416以及一過溫檢測器418。圖1中的充電開 關S1和放電開關S2可以分別由場效電晶體440和442來實現。 過電壓檢測電路402監測每個電池單元450、452、454和 450的單元電壓值進而檢測在任意持續時間間隔，甚至在那些 -持、K時間間隔中超過電壓臨界值的任何電池單元單元電壓 值。在一實施例中，過電壓檢測電路4〇2具有一開關網路可將 每個電池單70输至—比較器的—輸入端。比較器的另-輸入 端的輸入可以等於過電壓臨界值的單元電壓值。比較器將一電 池單元的财單元電縣麵電舰界值概較，並且提供-表示比較結果的輸出。 過電壓檢測電路4〇2提供電池單元過電壓數位信號c〇v 給電池單元過電觀伸撕。若數健號c〇v表示暫態過 電麼狀態’電池單元過電壓延伸電路彻在最小的時間間隔内 將數位彳„號COV保持於此狀態。電池單元過電塵延伸電路撕 也可以透過低賴波器顿傳輸信號（電池單元過電觀伸信 號)可遽去崎猶_件，並且若錢⑽獻魏態時間 間隔期間保持南電位準’電池單元過電虔延伸電路彻輸出一 信號FUSE—BLOW。信號FUSE—BL〇w可以是内部產生作為 低通遽波器408的輪出或者由外部產生且從蟑奶輸入 126b。 信號FUSE—BL〇W被熔絲检鎖器4〇6栓鎖並且透過控制信Job seconds (five). ,: Level protection such as 26_pool == is not affected by the short time _ overvoltage tip pulse, and thus will not trigger other water protection devices. For example, the secondary battery protection circuit 126 can protect the electrical unit 126 from the fact that it contains a short overvoltage tip pulse that is only 1 millivolt W in size and only lasts for a few microseconds (PS). In addition to protecting the battery unit 12G from transient overvoltage, the secondary battery protection circuit! 26 can further protect the battery unit 12 from a continuous overvoltage condition with a time interval greater than the transient time interval. With this capability, the secondary battery protection circuit 126 can partially provide the functionality that is duplicated with the secondary safety circuit 130. Thus, one or more of the chopper 128, the primary safety circuit 130, and the ray element 132 can be removed from the battery pack 〇2 to save component cost and space. Alternatively, the filter, waver 128, secondary safety circuit 13A, and fuse element 132 may be retained. The continuous overvoltage protection feature of the secondary battery protection circuit 126 may provide further reliability. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a battery pack 102a that can be applied to the electronic device 100 of FIG. The battery unit 12A includes a plurality of battery cells CELU, CELL2, and CELL3. Each battery unit is coupled to a main battery protection circuit 201136082, a RC filter network 128a, and a secondary battery protection circuit 126. The RC data network 128a includes resistors R5, R7, and R8 and capacitors C2, C3, and C4. In one embodiment, the resistance of the resistors R5, R7, and R8 is 丨 thousand ohms (kQ), and the capacitance values of the capacitors C2, C3, and C4 are 〇.1 microfarads (μ) ρ. The RC filter network 128a can filter out short duration transient overvoltage tip pulses and provide the secondary safety circuit 130 with a turn-in signal representative of each cell voltage. If the voltage of any one of the battery cells exceeds the overvoltage threshold (eg, 4.2 volts) during a time period greater than the transient time interval, the secondary safety circuit 13 提供 provides a control signal to the control terminal of the transistor Q7, thereby enabling the transistor Q7 turns on, and dissolves the bright silk F1. The additional thermal fuse F2 is in series contact with the dissolved filament F1. The functions of the charge switch S1 and the discharge switch S2 in Fig. 1 can be realized by the transistors Q1 to Q6 in Fig. 2. The transistor to (6) may be any kind of transistor, including a fleld effect transistor (FET), such as a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (metal 〇 xidesemic () nduetQii field effect transistor, M〇SFET) and a bipolar transistor. The battery pack ι〇2 may further include a battery energy management circuit 23 to detect the capacity of the battery unit 12A and provide a remaining capacity of the battery based on various detected states. Output signal. The sense resistor 234 can provide current information to the main battery protection circuit 122. The secondary battery protection circuit 126 is located between the main battery protection circuit 122 and the transistors Q1 to Q6. The secondary battery protection circuit 126 can receive protection from the main battery The charging control signal (CHG_m) and the discharging control signal (DSG_IN) of the protection circuit 122 are provided and the output charging control signal (CHG) and the discharging control signal (10) G) are supplied to the transistors Q1 to Q6. The secondary battery protection circuit 126 can also provide signals from terminals 270, 272, 274, and 276 that represent the cell values of each battery cell of the battery cell. In general, the secondary battery protection circuit 丨26 can monitor the cell voltage value of each battery cell in the cell unit and provide a turn-off signal for the transistors Q1 to Q6 to protect the battery cell 12 in a transient over-voltage state. a. Figure 3 shows a block diagram of an implementation of a secondary battery protection circuit 12 with transient overvoltage protection. Circuit l26a includes an overvoltage detection circuit. The overvoltage detection circuit 302 detects each of the battery cells 35, 352, 354 and the stated voltage and further detects any cell voltage that exceeds the overvoltage threshold for any duration of (iv) short time_. The over-the-circuit circuit 3〇2 then provides-transfers the number, and the output signal indicates whether any of the battery cells, 352, 354, and 356 have an electrical waste value greater than the over-ink threshold (eg, 4 2v). When the overvoltage detecting circuit 302 provides an output signal indicating that the cell voltage value of one of the battery cells is greater than the overvoltage threshold, the secondary battery protection circuit 126a takes steps to protect the battery cells 35, 352, 354, and 356. Exempt from this kind of transient overvoltage condition. This can include disconnecting an appropriate switch S1 or S2 into the cell and over-voltage. This protection may also include increasing the internal resistance of an appropriate switch & or imaginary 201136082 in an on state, thereby limiting the cell voltage value of the battery cell to an appropriate value. Switches S1 and S2 can be any type of transistor, such as field effect transistors 340 and 342, and are provided by secondary battery protection circuit 12 to provide a paste to the gates of these field effect transistors. Control money to discriminate between health or analog signals. The digital signal can be used to drive the appropriate switch (such as S1 or (2) to the open state' to isolate the battery unit from the transient over-voltage state. The analog signal can be used to (4) the on-resistance value of the switch (when on_on) φ)) further limits the battery unit's battery to a suitable value. For example, when the switch is a field effect transistor, the field effect transistor can be saturated by the contact signal to make the field effect transistor Acting as a variable resistor. Therefore, the on-resistance value of the field effect transistor can be controlled to an ideal value by the analog signal, thereby limiting the cell voltage value of the battery cell to a suitable safety value. A block diagram of another implementation of battery protection circuit 126b. In addition to providing temporary protection of the battery unit from transient overvoltage conditions, the secondary battery protection circuit 126b is also capable of providing battery cells with permanent protection against a sustained overvoltage condition. The secondary battery protection circuit 126b can further provide the battery unit with permanent protection against other adverse conditions, such as an over temperature condition. The protection circuit 126b includes a battery cell overvoltage detection circuit 402, a battery cell overvoltage (COV) extension circuit 404, a low pass filter 408, a fuse latch 406, a charging driver 412, a discharge driver 410, 12 201136082 switch inhibit circuit 416 and an over temperature detector 418. Charge switch S1 and discharge switch S2 in Figure 1 can be implemented by field effect transistors 440 and 442, respectively. Overvoltage detection circuit 402 monitors each battery unit 450, The cell voltage values of 452, 454, and 450, in turn, detect any cell unit voltage values that exceed the voltage threshold during any of the duration intervals, even those in the -K, K time interval. In one embodiment, the overvoltage detection circuit 4 〇2 has a switching network that can be used to input each battery cell 70 to the input of the comparator. The input of the other input of the comparator can be equal to the cell voltage value of the overvoltage threshold. The comparator will be a battery cell. The financial unit's county-level electric ship boundary value is compared, and provides - the output indicating the comparison result. The over-voltage detection circuit 4〇2 provides the battery unit over-voltage digital signal c〇v The battery unit is over-powered and stretched. If the number c〇v indicates transient over-current condition, the battery unit over-voltage extension circuit keeps the digital COV in this state in the minimum time interval. The electric dust extension circuit tearing can also transmit the signal through the low-wave-winding device (the battery unit over-powered observation signal) can be removed, and if the money (10) is maintained during the Wei state interval, the south potential is maintained. The power extension circuit outputs a signal FUSE_BLOW. The signal FUSE_BL〇w may be internally generated as a low-pass chopper 408 or externally generated from the milk input 126b. The signal FUSE-BL〇W is The fuse lock 4 〇 6 latches and transmits the control letter

S 13 201136082 號FUSE_BLOWN來永久禁止充電場效電晶體44〇和/或放電場 效電晶體442。熔絲栓鎖器4〇6可以被自行重設，只要電源供 電至電路，就能持久栓鎖，或者透過一些例如炼斷一齊納二極 體的方法來永久栓鎖。在一個例子中，可以透過將每個場效電 晶體的閘極和源極短路進而實現對場效電晶體44〇和442的禁 止。例如，這可以由開關禁止電路416閉合開關437進而將充 電場效電晶體440的閘極和源極短路或者閉合開關439進而短 路放電場效電晶體442的閘極和源極來實現。為了附加的保 濩’控制彳&號FUSE_BLOWN還可以禁止場效電晶體充電驅動 器412和場效電晶體放電驅動器41 〇。控制信號FuSE_BLOWN 可以是二級電池保護電路126b的埠441的輸出以指示這種狀 態。 附加的保護特徵也可以透過為熔絲栓鎖器4〇6提供表示其 他會觸發場效電晶體440和442永久禁止的附加輸入來實現。 這種不利狀態可以是增加溫度的狀態，例如，來自過溫檢測器 418。其可以是電池單元450、452、454和456、場效電晶體 440和442,或者其他元件增加的溫度。二級電池保護電路126b 可以應用於帶有熱熔絲F2 (見圖2)的電池組中。電路126b 能夠在熱溶絲F2跳脫之前就保護電池單元12〇避免高溫狀 況，進而省去了跳脫和替換一更昂貴的熱炫絲F2。 當一暫態過電壓狀態太短以至於不能激發信號 201136082 FUSE—BLOW時，來自過電壓檢測電路4〇2的信號c〇v可以 被用於電池單^ 、452、454和攸的臨時保護中。在一個 例子中，信號C〇V可以作為電池單元過電壓延伸電路姻的 -輸入’以在-最小時_隔内延伸或者維持—表示暫態過電 壓狀態K CQV。這樣，若辦間過電壓#端脈衝相鄰出 現’可以防止在斷開和閉合充電或者放電場效電晶體_和Μ2 之間的振盡。FUSE_BLOWN, S 13 201136082, permanently disables charging field effect transistor 44 〇 and/or discharge field effect transistor 442. The fuse latch 4〇6 can be reset by itself, as long as the power supply is supplied to the circuit, it can be permanently latched, or permanently latched by methods such as refining a Zener diode. In one example, the ban on field effect transistors 44A and 442 can be achieved by shorting the gate and source of each field effect transistor. For example, this can be accomplished by the switch inhibit circuit 416 closing the switch 437 and thereby shorting the gate and source of the potentiometric transistor 440 or closing the switch 439 and thereby the gate and source of the short discharge field effect transistor 442. The field effect transistor charging driver 412 and the field effect transistor discharge driver 41 还 can also be disabled for the additional protection & control number & FUSE_BLOWN. The control signal FuSE_BLOWN may be the output of the 埠 441 of the secondary battery protection circuit 126b to indicate this state. Additional protection features can also be achieved by providing the fuse latch 4〇6 with additional inputs indicating that other triggers of the field effect transistors 440 and 442 are permanently disabled. This unfavorable condition may be a state of increased temperature, for example, from the over temperature detector 418. It can be the increased temperature of battery cells 450, 452, 454, and 456, field effect transistors 440 and 442, or other components. The secondary battery protection circuit 126b can be applied to a battery pack with a thermal fuse F2 (see Fig. 2). Circuit 126b is capable of protecting battery unit 12 from high temperatures prior to tripping of hot melt filament F2, thereby eliminating the need to jump off and replace a more expensive hot filament F2. When a transient overvoltage condition is too short to activate the signal 201136082 FUSE_BLOW, the signal c〇v from the overvoltage detection circuit 4〇2 can be used for temporary protection of the battery cells 452, 454 and 攸. . In one example, the signal C 〇 V can be used as a battery cell overvoltage extension circuit - input 'to extend or maintain in the - minimum time interval - to indicate the transient overvoltage state K CQV . Thus, if the overvoltage #end pulse appears adjacent to each other, it is possible to prevent the oscillation between the charging and discharging field effect transistors _ and Μ2.

圖5所示為結合圖4中的信號COV、電池單元過電壓延伸 信號COT STRETCH以及信號FUSE_BL〇w來進一步解釋圖4 中二級電池保護電路！26b中運作的電池單元電壓對時間的圖 示。只要電池單it電壓小於過電壓臨界值（I)，過電壓檢測 電路402就會提供一數位“〇，，c〇v信號。 在時間tl和t2之間以及時間t3和t4之間所示為暫態過電 壓狀態，其巾特定電池單元的單元電壓值大於過電壓臨界值 V〇v。進而，過電壓檢測電路4〇2檢測到這一狀態，並且在時 間tl和t2之間以及時間t3和t4之間提供一數位“丨，，信號c〇v。 電池單70過電壓延伸電路404也從時間tl開始至時間t5之間 提供一數位“1“電池單元過電壓延伸信號進而防止充電和/或放 電場效電晶體440和442快速地斷開和閉合。例如，在時間u 至t5的時間段内’電池單元過電壓延伸信號保持為數位“1”， 並且充電和/或放電場效電晶體440和442在此時間段内保持斷 15 201136082 開狀態，進而防止電池單元處於暫態過電壓狀態。 在時間tl和t2之間以及時間t3和t4之間的暫態過電壓狀 態不足夠久以至於不能夠觸發信號FUSE—BL〇w。換言之時 間tl至t2之間以及時間t3至Η之間的時間間隔小於或者等於 暫態時間間隔。然而，開始於時間t6的過t壓狀態（時間仿 和t7之間的時間）大於暫態時間間隔進而觸發永久保護裝置。 例如’信號FUSE_BL〇W在時間t7或者暫態時間間隔截止時 提供一數位仏號“1”。這會觸發一外部熔絲元件（如，圖丨中的 炼絲元件132)和/或觸發開關禁止電路416進而永久禁止場效 電晶體440和442 ^ 因此’二級電池保護電路126b可以保護電池單元以免於 暫態過電壓狀態’持續過電壓狀態，以及其他如過溫狀態等的 不利狀態。因此’結合圖卜二級安全電路130、紐器128 以及熔絲元件132中的—或者多個都可以被移除進而節約元件 成本和空間°或者’這些元件13G、128以及132也可以被保 留’而一級電池保護電路126的持續過電壓保護特徵可以為電 池單元提供進一步的可靠性。 總之’本發明提供一種二級電池保護電路。電路包含過電 壓&測電路可檢測—可充電電池中相應的電池單元的單元電 壓值iM眺電池單元的單元電壓值與過電壓臨界值的比較結 果提供-輪出域至—開關。開關祕於可充電電池和直流電 201136082 源之間’並且能夠在導通和非導通雜之間轉換。若在小於或 者等於暫態時間_的時間額，電池單元的單元電壓值大於 ^電[臨界值’销關還可以回應該輸出信號來保護可充電電 池。 本發明還提供-電池組。電池組包含主電池彳紐電路可監 測可充電電池的狀態並提供充電韻和放電錄。電池組還包 含-個二級電池保護電路可接收來自主電池保護電路的充電 和放電信號並且提供-充電鶴輸$錢和—放電驅動輸出 信號。二級電池保護電路可監測可充電電池中至少—個電池單 元的單元電壓值。電池組還包含—充電開關，充賴關輕接於 充電電池和-直流電源之間，並錄夠在導通和非導通狀態之 間轉換。若在電池充電模式中，在—小於或者等於—暫態時間 間隔的時間間_，電池單元的單元魏值大於過電壓臨界 值’充電_可響絲自二級電池賴電路的充電驅動輸出信 號進而保護可充電電池。本個供了 —包含電池組的 電子設備。 優點在於’二級電池賴電路職可充電電池巾的電池單 元免於暫態_壓狀態’ _，電池單元齡進人暫態過電壓 狀態。這種暫態過電餘態包含在—小於賴時關隔的短持 續時間内’電池單TL電壓在大於過電壓臨界值上的任何微小的 增長。S持續過電壓狀_的持續時間大於暫態時間間隔時， 17 201136082 二級電池保護電路還 裝置。這檨可以 為可充電f池的單元提供永久保護FIG. 5 is a view further illustrating the secondary battery protection circuit of FIG. 4 in combination with the signal COV, the battery cell overvoltage extension signal COT STRETCH, and the signal FUSE_BL〇w in FIG. 4! Diagram of battery cell voltage versus time operating in 26b. As long as the battery single it voltage is less than the overvoltage threshold (I), the overvoltage detection circuit 402 provides a digital "〇,, c〇v signal. Between time t1 and t2 and between times t3 and t4 is shown In the transient over-voltage state, the cell voltage value of the specific battery cell of the towel is greater than the overvoltage threshold V 〇 v. Further, the over-voltage detecting circuit 4 检测 2 detects this state, and between time t1 and t2 and time t3 A digit "丨,, signal c〇v" is provided between t4 and t4. The battery cell 70 overvoltage extension circuit 404 also provides a digital "1" battery cell overvoltage extension signal from time t1 to time t5 to prevent the charging and/or discharging field effect transistors 440 and 442 from opening and closing rapidly. . For example, during the period of time u to t5, the battery cell overvoltage extension signal remains at the digital "1", and the charging and/or discharging field effect transistors 440 and 442 remain off during this period of time. In turn, the battery unit is prevented from being in a transient overvoltage state. The transient overvoltage condition between times t1 and t2 and between times t3 and t4 is not long enough to trigger the signal FUSE_BL〇w. In other words, the time interval between time t1 to t2 and time t3 to Η is less than or equal to the transient time interval. However, the over-voltage state (time between time imitation and t7) starting at time t6 is greater than the transient time interval and triggers the permanent protection device. For example, the signal FUSE_BL〇W provides a digit apostrophe "1" at time t7 or when the transient time interval is turned off. This triggers an external fuse element (e.g., wire assembly element 132 in the figure) and/or trigger switch disable circuit 416 to permanently disable field effect transistors 440 and 442. ^ Thus 'secondary battery protection circuit 126b can protect the battery cells In order to avoid the transient over-voltage state 'continuous over-voltage state, and other adverse conditions such as over-temperature conditions. Therefore, the combination of the two-stage safety circuit 130, the new connector 128 and the fuse element 132 can be removed to save component cost and space or the components 13G, 128 and 132 can also be retained. The continuous overvoltage protection feature of the primary battery protection circuit 126 can provide further reliability to the battery unit. In summary, the present invention provides a secondary battery protection circuit. The circuit contains an overvoltage & measurement circuit detectable - the cell voltage value iM of the corresponding battery cell in the rechargeable battery. The comparison of the cell voltage value of the battery cell with the overvoltage threshold provides a round-to-turn switch. The switch is secreted between the rechargeable battery and the DC 201136082 source and is capable of switching between conducting and non-conducting impurities. If the amount of time is less than or equal to the transient time _, the cell voltage value of the battery unit is greater than ^ electric [critical value] pin can also return the output signal to protect the rechargeable battery. The invention also provides a battery pack. The battery pack contains a main battery 彳 circuit that monitors the status of the rechargeable battery and provides charging and discharge recording. The battery pack also includes a secondary battery protection circuit that receives the charge and discharge signals from the primary battery protection circuit and provides a -charged drive and a discharge drive output signal. The secondary battery protection circuit monitors the cell voltage value of at least one of the rechargeable batteries. The battery pack also includes a charging switch that is lightly connected between the rechargeable battery and the -DC power supply and recorded for switching between conducting and non-conducting states. If in the battery charging mode, during the time of - less than or equal to - the transient time interval _, the unit value of the battery unit is greater than the overvoltage threshold "charging _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ In turn, the rechargeable battery is protected. This is for an electronic device that contains a battery pack. The advantage is that the battery unit of the secondary battery battery is free from the transient state _ _, and the battery unit is in a transient over-voltage state. This transient over-current state is included in any short period of time that is less than the time interval of the drain. The battery cell TL voltage is any small increase above the overvoltage threshold. When the duration of S overvoltage mode _ is greater than the transient time interval, 17 201136082 secondary battery protection circuit is also installed. This provides permanent protection for units in a rechargeable f-pool

’ V〇V丨、V〇V2和V〇V3是過電壓臨 在圖6A的例子中，每個電池單元 的早兀電驗魏測並且與這些過健臨界值進行比較。然 而，本發賴不舰’電池_單元龍錢者電池單元的平、 均單元電顧也可以與姆蘭麵臨界值進行比較。 當電池單元的單元電驗在一對應的時間間隔内超過（如 大於）-舰界值時，賴魏便_發咖傾電池免 於種非預期的狀態，例如，暫態過電墨 預設的時_隔TQ V單元料元龍值:過=值一 -種非纖的狀態（如暫態過電壓狀態）被檢測到，並 且保護功能被觸發。若在一大於一預設的時間間隔丁^内，電 池單兀的單TG紐值超過臨界值Vqv2，—_讎的狀態（如 暫態過電驗態）概卿，並且紐魏細發。若在—大 於-預設的時間間隔Tqv3内’電池單元的單元電壓值超過臨界 值V〇v3，一種非預期的狀態（如暫態過電壓狀態）被檢測到， 並且保護魏_發。在—實補巾，TQV1>1W2>TQV3。每個 201136082 過電壓臨界值和其對應的職的時___是相等的，例 如，V〇vi*Tov】= VOV2*TOV2= VOV3*t〇V3 〇 在第-時間間隔tl内，電池單元的單元電壓值超過第一過 電壓臨界值VQV1。若第—時關隔u大於或者等於預設時間 間隔T0V1 ’暫態過電驗態就被檢測到，並且保護功能被觸 發。在第二個時間間隔⑽，電池單元的單元魏值超過第一 過電壓臨界值VGV1。若第二__隔β小於預設時間間隔 To::沒有暫態過電壓狀態發生。在第三個時間間隔t3内，電 池單元的單元電壓_過第二個過電壓臨界值42。若第三個 時間間隔t3大於或者等於預設時關隔τ_，暫態過電壓狀態 就被檢車’並且保護魏被觸發^在第四辦間間隔料内， 電池单7L的單元龍值超過第三個過·臨界值若第四 個時間間隔t4大於或者等於預設時間間隔T⑽，暫態過電壓狀 態就被檢酬’並且保護功能減地被觸發。 透過使用過個電壓臨界值和多個預設時間間隔，並且監測 每個電池單元的單元電壓值（或者電池組單元紐值，或者電 池單元平均單元電壓值）超過一個電壓臨界值的時間間隔，在 相對短時間間現的高電壓尖端脈衝就能夠被檢測到。儘 管圖6A不意二個電壓臨界值，其他數目的電壓臨界值也能被 應用。 同樣地’圖6B所示為根據本發明一實施例的解釋使用多 201136082 個電墨界值對電池進行倾（如暫態欠紐賴）的電池單 元的單元電壓值（每個電池單元尋元頓值、電池組的單元 電壓值或者電池單元的平均單元電壓值）對時間的圖示。在一 實施例中’Vuvi、Vuv2和V·可以是欠電壓臨界值，並且V·〉'V〇V丨, V〇V2, and V〇V3 are overvoltages. In the example of Fig. 6A, the early detection of each cell is measured and compared with these thresholds. However, the flat and average unit of the battery unit of the battery unit can also be compared with the threshold value of the mulberry surface. When the unit of the battery unit exceeds (eg, is greater than) the ship boundary value within a corresponding time interval, the Lai Wei will erect the battery to avoid an unexpected state, for example, a transient over-electric preset. Time_interval TQ V unit element value: over = value one - a non-fibrous state (such as transient over-voltage state) is detected, and the protection function is triggered. If it is greater than a predetermined time interval, the single TG value of the battery unit exceeds the critical value Vqv2, and the state of the__雠 (such as the transient over-the-counter state) is clear, and the New Wei is fine. If the cell voltage value of the battery cell exceeds the critical value V 〇 v3 within - the predetermined time interval Tqv3, an unexpected state (such as a transient overvoltage state) is detected, and the Wei_fab is protected. In - the real towel, TQV1 > 1W2 > TQV3. Each 201136082 overvoltage threshold and its corresponding job time ___ are equal, for example, V〇vi*Tov] = VOV2*TOV2= VOV3*t〇V3 〇 within the first time interval tl, the battery unit The cell voltage value exceeds the first overvoltage threshold VQV1. If the first-time interval u is greater than or equal to the preset time interval T0V1 'the transient over-voltage check state is detected and the protection function is triggered. At the second time interval (10), the cell value of the battery cell exceeds the first overvoltage threshold VGV1. If the second __ interval β is less than the preset time interval To:: no transient overvoltage condition occurs. During the third time interval t3, the cell voltage _ of the battery cell passes the second overvoltage threshold 42. If the third time interval t3 is greater than or equal to the preset interval τ_, the transient over-voltage state is checked and the protection Wei is triggered. ^ In the fourth inter-station interval, the unit dragon value of the battery single 7L exceeds The third over threshold value If the fourth time interval t4 is greater than or equal to the preset time interval T(10), the transient overvoltage state is checked and the protection function is triggered. By using a voltage threshold and a plurality of preset time intervals, and monitoring the time interval of the cell voltage value (or the battery cell unit value, or the cell average cell voltage value) of each battery cell exceeding a voltage threshold, High voltage tip pulses that are present in a relatively short period of time can be detected. Although Figure 6A does not intend for two voltage thresholds, other numbers of voltage thresholds can be applied. Similarly, FIG. 6B illustrates cell voltage values of battery cells that are tilted (eg, transiently negative) using multiple 201136082 electro-ink thresholds according to an embodiment of the invention (each battery cell finder) A graph of the value of the value, the cell voltage value of the battery pack, or the average cell voltage value of the battery cell. In an embodiment, 'Vuvi, Vuv2, and V· may be undervoltage thresholds, and V·>

VlA^Vuvi。 在-實施例中’當電池單元的單元電壓值在一對應的時間 間隔内小於-電壓臨界值時，保護功能將被觸發進而保護電池 免於非預躺狀態’例如，暫態欠電壓狀態。例如，若在一大 於-預設的時間間隔Tuvl内’電池單元的單元電壓值小於臨界 值Vuv! ’暫態欠電壓狀態被檢酬，並且保護功能被觸發。若 在大於-預设的時間間隔Tuv2内，電池單元的單元電壓值小 於臨界值V·，㈣欠電驗驗檢_，並雜護功能被觸 發。若在-大於-預設的U，電池單元的單元電 壓值小於臨界值V· ’暫態欠電壓狀態被檢測到，並且保護功 能被觸發。在一實施例中，Tuvl>TUV2>TUV3。 圖7所示為根據本發明一實施例的具有電池保護電路的電 池組的方塊圖。電池組包含一個或者多個電池單元、一充電開 關740、一放電開關742以及一電池保護電路12&。為了說明， 在圖7的例子中，電池單元750、752、754和756㈣耗接。 充電開關740以及放電開關742可以是任何種類的開關，例 如，場效電晶體。 20 201136082 電池保護電路126C輕接至電池單元、充電開關74〇以及 放電開關742。電池保護電路就能夠監測每個電池單元的單 兀電壓值並且將每個電池單元的單元電壓值與_預設的臨界 值相比較。在-實施例中，電池保護電路126C能夠檢測電池 單元的暫態過電壓狀態或者暫態欠電壓狀態，並簡發保護功 忐。電池保護電路126C包含的電池單元電壓監測器7〇2、選擇 電路704、積分電路706、比較器708、充電驅動器712以及放 電驅動器714。 電池單元電壓監測器702能夠接收每個電池單元75〇、 752、754及756的端電壓並且分別提供每個電池單元75〇、 752、754以及756的單元電壓值。在一實施例中，選擇電路 704從電池單元電壓監測器7〇2處接收每個電池單元75〇、 752、754以及756的單元電壓值，並且選擇一個電池單元的單 元電壓值。在一實施例中，選擇電路包含勝者全拿 (winner-take-tall，WTA)電路。選擇電路7〇4能夠選擇電池單 元750、752、754以及750的單元電壓值中的最大值進而檢測 暫態過電壓狀態。在另一實施例中，選擇電路7〇4能夠選擇電 池單元750 ' 752、754以及756的單元電壓值中的最小值進而 檢測暫態欠電壓狀態。 積分電路706接收來自選擇電路704的選擇單元電壓值 Vsel ’例如，電池單元的單元電壓值中的最大值或者最小值。 21 201136082 積分電路706還能夠接收一第一臨界值Vthi。在一實施例中， 為了實現過電壓保護，第一臨界值Vthi表示一過電壓臨界值， 例如’ 4.2V。在另一實施例中，為了實現欠電壓保護’該第一 臨界值VTHi表示一欠電壓臨界值，例如，3 0V。積分電路706 月b夠將選擇單元電壓值Vsel與第一臨界值Vthi之間的差在一 時間間隔内進行積分，並且產生一積分輸出Vim^在一實施例 中，該積分電路70ό可以由開關電容積分器實現。 比較器708接收積分器706的輸出Vint以及一第二臨界值 馨 Vth2。比較器708將積分器706的輸出Vm與第二臨界值Vm 進行比較，並且輸出一控制信號CTR。在一實施例中，為了實 現過電壓保護’當積分器706的輸出VjNT超過第二臨界值Vth2 時’比較器708產生-指示暫態過電壓狀態的控制信號CTR。 "亥輸出控制仏號匸丁尺可以被用來透過充電驅動器712斷開充電 開關740 ’這樣電池充電被終止，進而保護電池單元避免暫態 過電屋狀態。在另-實施例令，為了實現欠電愿保護，當積分 φ 器706的輸出VlNT超過第二臨界值Vth2時，比較器708產生 -指示暫態欠電壓狀態的控制信號CTR。該輸出控制信號⑽ 可以被用來透過放電驅動器71〇斷開放電開關742，這樣，電 池放電被終止’ _保護電池單元避免㈣欠電壓狀態。 圖8所示為根據本發明一實施例的由圖7中所示的電池保 護電路所產生或者接收的信號的波形圖。圖8結合圖7進行描 22 201136082 述。為了說明，圖8所示為一種過電壓保護的例子。在第一時 間間隔tl内，來自選擇電路7〇4的選擇單元電壓值&超過 第一臨界值vTH1。積分電路706將選擇單元電壓值Vsel與第 -臨界值VTH1之間的差值進行積分。當積分電路概的輸出 Υγντ超過第二臨界值Vth2時，例如圖8所示，暫態過電壓狀態 被檢酬’比較器7G8的輸出信號CTR斷開充電開關74〇進而 結束電池充電。VlA^Vuvi. In the embodiment - when the cell voltage value of the battery cell is less than - the voltage threshold for a corresponding time interval, the protection function will be triggered to protect the battery from the non-pre-sit state 'e.g., the transient undervoltage state. For example, if the cell voltage value of the battery cell is less than the critical value Vuv! ’ during the time interval greater than the preset time interval Tuv1, the transient undervoltage state is checked and the protection function is triggered. If it is greater than - the preset time interval Tuv2, the cell voltage value of the battery cell is less than the critical value V·, (4) the power failure check mode _, and the miscellaneous function is triggered. If at - greater than the preset U, the cell voltage value of the battery cell is less than the critical value V· 'transient undervoltage state is detected, and the protection function is triggered. In an embodiment, Tuvl > TUV2 > TUV3. Figure 7 is a block diagram of a battery pack having a battery protection circuit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The battery pack includes one or more battery cells, a charge switch 740, a discharge switch 742, and a battery protection circuit 12&. To illustrate, in the example of FIG. 7, battery cells 750, 752, 754, and 756 (four) are consumed. The charge switch 740 and the discharge switch 742 can be any type of switch, such as a field effect transistor. 20 201136082 The battery protection circuit 126C is lightly connected to the battery unit, the charge switch 74A, and the discharge switch 742. The battery protection circuit is capable of monitoring the single-turn voltage value of each battery cell and comparing the cell voltage value of each battery cell with a predetermined threshold value. In an embodiment, the battery protection circuit 126C is capable of detecting a transient over-voltage condition or a transient under-voltage condition of the battery unit and simplifies the protection function. The battery protection circuit 126C includes a battery cell voltage monitor 7〇2, a selection circuit 704, an integration circuit 706, a comparator 708, a charging driver 712, and a discharge driver 714. The battery cell voltage monitor 702 is capable of receiving terminal voltages of each of the battery cells 75A, 752, 754, and 756 and providing unit voltage values for each of the battery cells 75A, 752, 754, and 756, respectively. In one embodiment, selection circuit 704 receives the cell voltage values for each of battery cells 75A, 752, 754, and 756 from cell voltage monitor 7A2 and selects the cell voltage value for one cell. In an embodiment, the selection circuit includes a winner-take-tall (WTA) circuit. The selection circuit 7〇4 is capable of selecting the maximum of the cell voltage values of the battery cells 750, 752, 754, and 750 to detect the transient overvoltage state. In another embodiment, the selection circuit 〇4 is capable of selecting a minimum of the cell voltage values of the battery cells 750' 752, 754, and 756 to detect a transient undervoltage condition. The integrating circuit 706 receives the selected cell voltage value Vsel' from the selection circuit 704, for example, the maximum or minimum of the cell voltage values of the battery cells. 21 201136082 The integration circuit 706 is also capable of receiving a first threshold value Vthi. In one embodiment, to achieve overvoltage protection, the first threshold value Vthi represents an overvoltage threshold, such as '4.2V. In another embodiment, to achieve undervoltage protection, the first threshold VTHi represents an undervoltage threshold, for example, 30V. The integrating circuit 706 b is sufficient to integrate the difference between the selected cell voltage value Vsel and the first threshold Vthi in a time interval and to generate an integrated output Vim. In an embodiment, the integrating circuit 70 can be switched Capacitor integrator implementation. Comparator 708 receives the output Vint of integrator 706 and a second threshold value Vth2. The comparator 708 compares the output Vm of the integrator 706 with a second threshold value Vm and outputs a control signal CTR. In one embodiment, to achieve overvoltage protection 'when the output VjNT of the integrator 706 exceeds the second threshold Vth2', the comparator 708 generates a control signal CTR indicating a transient overvoltage condition. The "Hui output control 仏 匸 可以 可以 can be used to disconnect the charging switch 740 ’ through the charging driver 712 so that the battery charging is terminated, thereby protecting the battery unit from the transient state. In another embodiment, in order to achieve underpower protection, when the output VlNT of the integrating φ 706 exceeds the second threshold Vth2, the comparator 708 generates a control signal CTR indicating a transient undervoltage condition. The output control signal (10) can be used to open the discharge switch 742 through the discharge driver 71 such that the battery discharge is terminated. _ Protect the battery unit from (4) undervoltage conditions. Figure 8 is a waveform diagram of signals generated or received by the battery protection circuit shown in Figure 7 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 is described in conjunction with Figure 7 in 2011. For purposes of illustration, Figure 8 shows an example of overvoltage protection. Within the first time interval t1, the selected cell voltage value & from the selection circuit 7〇4 exceeds the first critical value vTH1. The integrating circuit 706 integrates the difference between the selected cell voltage value Vsel and the first critical value VTH1. When the output circuit Υγντ of the integration circuit exceeds the second threshold value Vth2, for example, as shown in Fig. 8, the transient overvoltage state is detected. The output signal CTR of the comparator 7G8 turns off the charging switch 74 and ends the battery charging.

在第二個時間間隔t2内，儘管第二個時間間隔g小於第 時間間隔U ’但疋在第二個時間間隔β内的選擇單元電壓值 VSEL大於第-時間間隔tl内的選擇單元電壓值V姐。相應地， 積分器观的輸出VINT仍然大於第二臨界值VTH2。結果，暫離 過電壓狀態健被檢_，比麵的輪出錢CTR將充電 開關740斷開進而結束電池充電。 卜 個時間間隔t3内，選擇單元電龜VSEL超過第一 臨界值VTH1。然而，由於選擇單 括v k禪早70輕值vSEL超過第-臨界 值V·的時間間隔相對比較短 ,於铱t 償刀态706的輸出V· 小於第二臨界值V?H2，例如圖 ^ 狀熊發* m 固咖讀’沒有暫態過電屋 心，因此充電開關獨仍然:是閉合狀態。 在第四個時間間隔t4内，選擇 。 、的時間間隔姆比較短。—臨界值 内的選擇電懕V , ▲、而自於第四個時間間隔t4 sEL相對比較南（例如，—電塵尖端脈衝），積 23 201136082 分器706的輪出Vint仍然超過第二臨界值Vth2 ’例如圖8所 不。因此’暫態過電壓狀態仍然能被檢測到，並且控制信號CTR 將充電開關740斷開，進而結束電池充電。 相應地’電池電路包含監測電路、積分電路以及比較器， 其能夠檢測非預期的狀態，例如，過電壓狀態和欠電壓狀態， 亚且能夠觸發相應的保護功能。該監測電路能夠監測電池單元 的單凡電壓值。該積分電路能夠接收指示電池單元電壓的監測 信號並且將該監測信號與一第一臨界值的差值在一時間間隔 鲁 内進仃積分，進而產生一積分輸出。該比較器將該積分輸出與 一第二臨界值進行比較，並且產生一控制信號。該控制信號用 來觸發保護功能’例如，結束電池充電或者放電。結果，電池 保邊電路的精確度得以提高。並且，本發明不局限於過電壓保 護或者欠電麼保護。包含監測電路、積分電路以及比較器的電 池電路還能夠檢測電池單元的單元電壓值、電池組的單元電壓 值或者電池單元的平均單元輕值是否超過或者低於_個或 更多的臨界值。 在此使用之措辭和表達都是用於說明而非限制，使用這些 措辭和表達並稀在關示和描㈣龍之任何賴物（或； 分等同物）排除在發明範圍之外，在申請專利範圍内可能存在 各種修改。其他的修改、變體和替換物也可能存在。因此，申 凊專利範圍旨在涵蓋所有此類等同物。 24 201136082 上文具體實施方式和關僅為本發明之常时施例。顯 ^在不脫㈣請專利朗所界定的本發明精神和發明範圍的 則提下可以有各種增補、修改和替換。本領域技術人員應該理 解’本發明在實際應财可根據具_魏和讀要求在不背 離發明準_前提下在形式、結構、佈局、比例、材料、元件、 70件及其它方面有所變化。因此，在麟露之實關僅說明而 非限制，本發明之麵由_巾請專繼圍及其合法等同物界 定’而不限於此前之描述。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1所示為一種包含帶有暫態過電壓保護的二級電池 保護電路的電子設備的方塊圖； 圖2所示為圖1中電池組的一實施例的方塊圖； 圖3所示為一可以應用於圖1和圖2中的的電子設備 和帶有暫態過電壓保護的二級電池保護電的電池組路的 一實施例的方塊圖； 圖4所示為另一可以應用於圖1和圖2中的的電子設 備和帶有暫態過電壓保護的二級電池保護電路的電池組 的一實施例的方塊圖； 圖5所示為一包含圖4中的實施例的相關控制信號的 說明短時間内過電壓尖端脈衝和持續過電壓狀態下的電 池單元電壓對時間的圖示； 圖6A所示為根據本發明一實施例的說明電池保護 (如，暫態過電壓保護、使用多個電壓臨界值）的電壓對 25 201136082 時間的圖示； 圖6B所示為根據本發明一實施例的說明電池保護 (如，暫態欠電壓保護、使用多個電壓臨界值）的電壓對 時間的圖示； 圖7所示為根據本發明一實施例的具有電池保護電路 的電池組的方塊圖；以及 圖8所示為根據本發明一實施例的由圖7中的電池保 護電路所產生或接收的信號的波形圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 100 :電子設備 102 :電池組 102a :電池組 104 :直流電源 110 :系統 120 :電池單元 120a :電池單元 122 :主電池保護電路 126 :二級電池保護電路 126a〜126c :二級電池保護電路 128 :濾波器 128a : RC濾波網路 130 :二級安全電路 130a :二級安全電路 132 :熔絲元件 201136082 230 :電池能源管理電路 234 :感應電阻 270-276 :終端 302 :過電壓檢測電路 340〜342 :場效電晶體 350〜356 :電池單元 402 :電池單元過電壓檢測電路 404 :電池單元過電壓延伸電路 # 406 :熔絲栓鎖器 408 :低通濾波器 410 :放電驅動器 412 :充電驅動器 416 :開關禁止電路 418 :過溫檢測器 435 :埠 437〜439 :開關 • 440、442 :場效電晶體 441 :埠 450〜456 :電池單元 502 :圖示 702 :電池單元電壓監測器 704 :選擇電路 706 :積分電路 708 :比較器 710 :放電驅動器 27 201136082 712 :充電驅動器 740〜742 :開關 750〜756 :電池單元 C1〜C4 :電容 CELL1〜CELL3 :電池單元 CHG :充電控制信號 COV :信號 COV STRETCH:電池單元過電壓延伸信號 CTR :控制信號 CHG_IN :充電控制信號 D1〜D2 :二極體 DSG :放電控制信號 DSG_IN :放電控制信號 S1〜S2 :開關 F1 :熔絲 F2 :熱熔絲 Q1〜Q7 :電晶體In the second time interval t2, although the second time interval g is smaller than the time interval U', the selected cell voltage value VSEL in the second time interval β is greater than the selected cell voltage value in the first time interval t1 V sister. Accordingly, the output VINT of the integrator is still greater than the second threshold VTH2. As a result, the temporary off-state state is checked _, and the charging switch 740 is turned off to end the battery charging. During the time interval t3, the selection unit electric turtle VSEL exceeds the first critical value VTH1. However, since the time interval of selecting the vk zen early 70 light value vSEL exceeding the first critical value V· is relatively short, the output V· of the 刀t compensation state 706 is smaller than the second critical value V?H2, for example, FIG. The bear is issued * m 固咖读 'There is no transient over-current house, so the charging switch is still: it is closed. In the fourth time interval t4, select . The time interval is shorter. - Selecting the voltage V within the critical value, ▲, and since the fourth time interval t4 sEL is relatively south (for example, - electric dust tip pulse), the product 23 201136082 divider 706's turn Vint still exceeds the second critical The value Vth2' is not shown in Fig. 8, for example. Therefore, the 'transient overvoltage state can still be detected, and the control signal CTR turns off the charging switch 740, thereby ending the battery charging. Accordingly, the battery circuit includes a monitoring circuit, an integrating circuit, and a comparator capable of detecting unintended states, such as an overvoltage state and an undervoltage state, and capable of triggering a corresponding protection function. The monitoring circuit is capable of monitoring the individual voltage values of the battery cells. The integrating circuit is capable of receiving a monitoring signal indicative of the voltage of the battery unit and integrating the difference between the monitoring signal and a first threshold value over a time interval to generate an integral output. The comparator compares the integrated output to a second threshold and generates a control signal. This control signal is used to trigger a protection function', e.g., to end battery charging or discharging. As a result, the accuracy of the battery edge-preserving circuit is improved. Moreover, the present invention is not limited to overvoltage protection or underpower protection. The battery circuit including the monitoring circuit, the integrating circuit, and the comparator can also detect whether the cell voltage value of the battery cell, the cell voltage value of the battery pack, or the average cell light value of the battery cell exceeds or falls below a threshold of _ or more. The wording and expressions used herein are for the purpose of illustration and not limitation, and the use of these words and expressions and the singularity of any of the objects of the dragon (or the equivalent) are excluded from the scope of the invention. There may be various modifications within the scope of the patent. Other modifications, variations, and alternatives may also be present. Therefore, the scope of the patent is intended to cover all such equivalents. 24 201136082 The above detailed description and description are merely examples of the present invention. There may be various additions, modifications, and alternatives to the spirit of the invention and the scope of the invention as defined by the patent. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may vary in form, structure, layout, proportion, material, component, 70, and other aspects without departing from the invention. . Therefore, the disclosure of the invention is intended to be illustrative only and not limiting, and the invention is defined by the scope of the invention and its legal equivalents, and is not limited to the foregoing description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electronic device including a secondary battery protection circuit with transient overvoltage protection; FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the battery assembly of FIG. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a battery pack that can be applied to the electronic device of FIGS. 1 and 2 and the secondary battery protection of the transient overvoltage protection; FIG. Another block diagram of another embodiment of a battery pack that can be applied to the electronic device of FIGS. 1 and 2 and a secondary battery protection circuit with transient overvoltage protection; FIG. 5 is a diagram including FIG. Description of Related Control Signals of the Embodiments of the Present Embodiment of the battery cell voltage versus time in the short-time over-voltage tip pulse and the continuous over-voltage state; FIG. 6A illustrates the battery protection (eg, according to an embodiment of the present invention) FIG. 6B illustrates a battery protection (eg, transient undervoltage protection, use more, according to an embodiment of the invention), a voltage versus 25 201136082 time diagram of a transient overvoltage protection, using multiple voltage thresholds; Voltage threshold) Figure 7 is a block diagram of a battery pack having a battery protection circuit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; and Figure 8 is a battery protection of Figure 7 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. A waveform diagram of a signal generated or received by a circuit. [Main component symbol description] 100: electronic device 102: battery pack 102a: battery pack 104: DC power supply 110: system 120: battery unit 120a: battery unit 122: main battery protection circuit 126: secondary battery protection circuit 126a to 126c: Secondary battery protection circuit 128: filter 128a: RC filter network 130: secondary safety circuit 130a: secondary safety circuit 132: fuse element 201136082 230: battery energy management circuit 234: induction resistance 270-276: terminal 302: Overvoltage detection circuits 340 to 342: field effect transistors 350 to 356: battery unit 402: battery unit overvoltage detection circuit 404: battery unit overvoltage extension circuit #406: fuse latch 408: low pass filter 410: Discharge driver 412: charging driver 416: switch prohibiting circuit 418: over temperature detector 435: 埠 437 to 439: switch • 440, 442: field effect transistor 441: 埠 450 to 456: battery unit 502: illustration 702: battery Cell voltage monitor 704: selection circuit 706: integration circuit 708: comparator 710: discharge driver 27 201136082 712: charging driver 740 to 742: switches 750 to 756: battery cells C1 to C4: Capacitor CELL1 to CELL3: Battery unit CHG: Charging control signal COV: Signal COV STRETCH: Battery unit overvoltage extension signal CTR: Control signal CHG_IN: Charging control signal D1 to D2: Diode DSG: Discharge control signal DSG_IN: Discharge control signal S1~S2: Switch F1: Fuse F2: Thermal fuse Q1~Q7: Transistor

Rl、R5〜R10 :電阻 FUSE_BLOW :信號 FUSE_BLOWN :控制信號 tl〜t7 :時間Rl, R5~R10: resistance FUSE_BLOW: signal FUSE_BLOWN: control signal tl~t7: time

Vov :過電壓臨界值 V〇Vl〜V〇v3 ·過電壓:臨界值Vov: overvoltage threshold V〇Vl~V〇v3 ·Overvoltage: critical value

Vuv 广 V UV3 :欠電壓臨界值Vuv wide V UV3 : undervoltage threshold

Vint .積分輸出 201136082 vTH1: 第一臨界值 VTH2 :第二臨界值 VSEL:選擇單元電壓值Vint .Integral output 201136082 vTH1: First critical value VTH2 : Second critical value VSEL: Select cell voltage value

2929

Claims (1)

201136082 七、申請專利範圍： 1. 一種電池保護電路，包含： 一監測電路，監測一電池單元’並產生指示該電池單元 的一單元電壓值的一監測信號； 一積分電路，耦接至該監測電路，其中，該積分電路接 收該監測信號和-第-臨界值，且將該監測信號和該第 一臨界值之間的一差值於一時間間隔内進行積分，以產 生一積分輸出；以及 一比較器，耦接至該積分電路，其中，該比較器將該積 分輸出與一第二臨界值進行比較，且產生一控制信號。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項的電池保護電路’其中，該監 測電路包含一選擇電路，以從分別指示多個單元電壓值 的多個監測信號中選擇該監測信號。 3·如申請專利範圍第2項的電池保護電路，其中，該監 測信號指示該多單元電壓值中的一最大值，並且該第一 臨界值表示一過電壓臨界值。 4.如申請專利範圍第2項的電池保護電路，其中，該監 測信號指示該多個單元電壓值中的一最小值，並且該第 一臨界值表示一欠電壓臨界值。 5，如申請專利範圍第1項的電池保護電路，其中，當該 積分輪出超過該第二臨界值時，與該電池單元串聯的一 開關被斷開以回應該控制信號，進而保護該電池單元避 免一非預期的狀態。 .一種電池保護方法，包含： &測多個單元電壓值； 30 201136082 • 8. 9. 10. 11. 在一時間間隔内對指示多個單元電壓值中的—單元電壓 值的一監測信號與一第—臨界值的一差值進行積分，以 產生一積分輪出；以及 根據该積分輪出與―第二臨界值的__比較結果產生—控 制信號。 =申請專利範圍第6項的電池保護方法，進一步包含： 攸刀別指不該多個單元電壓值的多個監測信號中選擇該 監測信號。 如^凊專利範圍第6項的電池保護方法，其中，該監 測^號指7F該多個單元電壓值中的—最大值，並且該第 臨界值表示一過電壓臨界值。 =請專利_第6項的電池保護方法，其中，該監 j號指不該多個單元電壓值中的—最小值，並且該第 臨界值表示-欠電壓臨界值。 ^申請專利範圍第6項的電池保護方法，進一步包含： 2積分輸出超過該第二臨界值時，斷開與—電池單元 :的Lx回顧控繼號，進而髓該電池單元 避免—非預期狀態。 一種電池組，包含： 多個電池單元； :開關，與該多個電池單元串聯；以及 =保«路，躲至該多個電池單元，該電池保護 時間間隔内將指示—單元電壓值的-第-信號 妹ί電祕界狀_—差錢行積分，以產生一積 月’J ’並且根據該積分輪出與-第二臨界值的-比較 31 201136082 結果產生一控制信號， 其中，當該積分輸出超過該第二臨界值時，該開關被斷 開以回應該控制信號，進而保護該電池組避免一暫態過 電壓狀態。 12. 如申請專利範圍第11項的電池組，其中，該電池保護 電路進一步從分別指示該多個電池單元的多個單元電壓 值的多個信號中選擇該第一信號。 13. 如申請專利範圍第12項的電池組，其中，該第一信號 指示該多個單元電壓值中的一最大值。 鲁 14. 如申請專利範圍第11項的電池組，其中，當該開關被 斷開時，對該電池組的一充電被結束。 15. —種保護電池的方法，包含： 監測一電池組中的一電池單元的一單元電壓值； 將該單元電壓值與一第一臨界值和一第二臨界值進行比 較； 若該單元電壓值超過該第一臨界值，將該單元電壓值超 過該第一臨界值的一第一時間間隔與一第一預設時間間 | 隔進行比較； 若該第一時間間隔超過該第一預設時間間隔，檢測一第 一非預期狀態； 若該單元電壓值超過該第二臨界值，將該單元電壓值超 過該第二臨界值的一第二時間間隔與一第二預設時間間 隔進行比較； 若該第二時間間隔超過該第二預設時間間隔，檢測一第 二非預期狀態， 32 201136082 其中，該第一臨界值大於該第二臨界值，並且該第一預 設時間間隔小於該第二預設時間間隔。 16. 如申請專利範圍第15項的方法，其中，該第一臨界值 和該第一預設時間間隔的一乘積與該第二臨界值和該第 二預設時間間隔的一乘積相等。 17. 如申請專利範圍第15項的方法，進一步包含： 若該第一非預期狀態被檢測到，結束對該電池進行充電； 若該第二非預期狀態被檢測到，結束對該電池進行充電。 # 18.如申請專利範圍第15項的方法，其中，該第一臨界值 代表一第一過電壓臨界值，該第二臨界值代表一第二過 電壓臨界值。 33201136082 VII. Patent application scope: 1. A battery protection circuit comprising: a monitoring circuit for monitoring a battery unit' and generating a monitoring signal indicating a unit voltage value of the battery unit; an integrating circuit coupled to the monitoring a circuit, wherein the integrating circuit receives the monitoring signal and a -th-threshold value, and integrates a difference between the monitoring signal and the first threshold value over a time interval to generate an integral output; A comparator is coupled to the integrating circuit, wherein the comparator compares the integrated output with a second threshold and generates a control signal. 2. The battery protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the monitoring circuit includes a selection circuit for selecting the monitoring signal from a plurality of monitoring signals respectively indicating a plurality of cell voltage values. 3. The battery protection circuit of claim 2, wherein the monitoring signal indicates a maximum value of the multi-cell voltage value, and the first threshold value represents an over-voltage threshold. 4. The battery protection circuit of claim 2, wherein the monitoring signal indicates a minimum of the plurality of cell voltage values, and the first threshold value represents an undervoltage threshold. 5. The battery protection circuit of claim 1, wherein when the integration wheel exceeds the second threshold, a switch in series with the battery unit is disconnected to respond to a control signal, thereby protecting the battery. The unit avoids an unexpected state. A battery protection method comprising: & measuring a plurality of cell voltage values; 30 201136082 • 8. 9. 10. 11. A monitoring signal indicating a cell voltage value of a plurality of cell voltage values over a time interval Integrating with a difference of a first threshold value to generate an integral rounding; and generating a control signal according to the __ comparison result of the integral rounding and the second critical value. = The battery protection method of claim 6 of the patent scope further includes: the squeegee refers to the selection of the plurality of monitoring signals that are not the plurality of unit voltage values. The battery protection method of claim 6, wherein the monitoring number refers to a maximum value of the plurality of unit voltage values of 7F, and the first critical value represents an overvoltage threshold. The battery protection method of claim 6, wherein the j-number refers to a minimum value of the plurality of cell voltage values, and the first critical value represents an under-voltage threshold. ^ The battery protection method of claim 6 further includes: 2 when the integral output exceeds the second critical value, disconnecting the battery cell: the Lx review control number, and then the battery unit avoids - the unexpected state . A battery pack comprising: a plurality of battery cells; a switch connected in series with the plurality of battery cells; and a protection circuit that hides from the plurality of battery cells, the battery protection time interval will be indicated - the cell voltage value - The first signal is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ When the integrated output exceeds the second threshold, the switch is turned off to respond to the control signal, thereby protecting the battery pack from a transient overvoltage condition. 12. The battery pack of claim 11, wherein the battery protection circuit further selects the first signal from a plurality of signals respectively indicating a plurality of cell voltage values of the plurality of battery cells. 13. The battery pack of claim 12, wherein the first signal indicates a maximum of the plurality of unit voltage values. Lu 14. The battery pack of claim 11, wherein when the switch is turned off, a charge of the battery pack is terminated. 15. A method of protecting a battery, comprising: monitoring a cell voltage value of a battery cell in a battery pack; comparing the cell voltage value with a first threshold value and a second threshold value; The value exceeds the first threshold, and a first time interval in which the cell voltage value exceeds the first threshold is compared with a first preset time interval; if the first time interval exceeds the first preset a time interval, detecting a first unintended state; if the cell voltage value exceeds the second threshold value, comparing a second time interval in which the cell voltage value exceeds the second threshold value is compared with a second predetermined time interval If the second time interval exceeds the second preset time interval, detecting a second unintended state, 32 201136082, wherein the first threshold is greater than the second threshold, and the first preset time interval is less than the The second preset time interval. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein a product of the first threshold and the first predetermined time interval is equal to a product of the second threshold and the second predetermined time interval. 17. The method of claim 15, further comprising: ending charging the battery if the first unintended state is detected; ending charging the battery if the second unintended state is detected . The method of claim 15, wherein the first threshold represents a first overvoltage threshold and the second threshold represents a second overvoltage threshold. 33