201134478 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 [⑽1] 本發明係有關於一種萃取自靈芝子實體的葡萄糖胺 及其萃取方法’尤其是指一種運用於保護人體結締組織 的葡萄糖胺成份與萃取步驟，其主要採自非動物性的靈 芝子實體所萃取而來的保健成品，且具有可供素食者食 用的優點為首先應用發明者。 【先前技術】 [0002] 按’葡萄糖胺是動物及人體内的一種胺基糖，是以 具有黏度的黏多醣成分〔是一種多醣體的組成成分〕存 在於軟骨與結締組織的各處，也是形成軟骨細胞最重要 的營養素之一；人類與動物都可以在艘内自行合成葡萄 胺’只是隨著年齡的增加，合成的速度趕不上分解的速 度，於是發生體内及關節缺乏葡萄胺的現象，進而影響 關節内細胞的新陳代謝。葡萄糖胺在體内會被分解成為 胺基酸，可以轉換成半乳糖，也举以轉換成軟骨素；另 外，藉由自然界葡萄糖胺的_充，可以促進體内蛋白多 醣以及膠原蛋白的製造，補充關節滑液，並提供受傷後 關節恢復健康軟骨組織所必須的材料。葡萄糖胺以黏多 醣的成分廣泛分布在自然界之中，尤其是甲殼類動物殼 中的甲殼質更是含量豐富，而目前市面上的葡萄糖胺主 要來自 [0003] 1、具有外骨骼的水生動物，例如：貝類、蝦' 蟹等， 此類的生物的外骨骼具有豐富的幾丁質（c h i t i η )，透種種不同的純化回收技術，產生葡萄糖胺。此種 099111143 表單編號Α0101 第4頁/共12頁 0992019587-0 201134478 ' [0004] 來源受到諸多限制： (1 )水生動物依據不同種類有不同的大小；自然生長 的水生動物在不受㈣的環境下生長，包括四季氣候的 影響、環境之重金屬污_，受環境魏影響甚鉅。 [0005] (2)水生動物為來源之葡萄糖胺是否會造成過敏備受 爭議H在繁複的加卫過减理職，民幕並無法 知道九兄過敏因子是不是已經在生產過程中被移除。 [0006] Ο (3)從水生動物而來的葡萄糖胺產品更另外引發了受 社會大眾關切的議題:海洋環境保護；兑集大量水生動 物甲殼而萃取的葡萄糖胺，勢必會對海洋生態造成負面 的衝擊，甚至年復—年後，水生動物捕獲量慢慢變少， 對於海洋生態永續維持造成不良的影響s [0007] (4)全世界為數眾多的素食者無法接受食用從動物 身上提取的葡萄糖胺進行營養補充。 [0008] 2、利用微生物_技術，例如：以曲黴屬真菌（A s ϋ P e r g 1 1 1 u s s P ·)生產之葡萄糖胺◊但此 輯成本高，且並非所有峨屬真gt&b視為具安全性〔 GRAS (generally regarded as s a f e )〕菌種，因此，安全上仍存在相當 之疑慮。 [0009] 緣是，本發明人基於以上種種原因，研發一種從自 099111143 然界已存在的非動物性生物體，自其萃取、製造並純化 出高品質且安全無虞的葡萄糖胺產品，可持續提供穩定 產量並對我們地球環境友善的非動物性葡萄糖胺產品 表單編號卿1 ^ 5 12 1 0992019587-0 201134478 [0010] [0011] [0012] [0013] [0014] 是迫切必要的。 有鑑於此，本發明人秉持多年該相關行業之豐富設 計開發及實際製作經驗，針對現有之結構及缺失再予以 研究改良，提供一種萃取自靈芝子實體的葡萄糖胺及其 萃取方法，以期達到更佳實用價值性之目的者。 【發明内容】 本發明之萃取自靈芝子實體的葡萄糖胺及其萃取方 法係為採自靈芝子實體萃取而來的保健產品，其主要運 用於保護人體結締組織的小分子-葡萄糖胺，可有效減輕 改善因軟骨老化或過度損耗等因素所引起之關節不適的 功效者。 本發明萃取自靈芝子實體的葡萄糖胺的目的與功效 如下： 其主要係由非動物性的靈芝子實體來進行提煉萃取 保護人體結締組織的葡萄糖胺成份；藉此，利用本發明 方法所萃取之葡萄糖胺為植物性的靈芝子實體，係可提 ί - 供給予素食使用者服食，且藉由食用此葡萄糖胺保健產 品，可有效減輕因軟骨老化或過度損耗等因素所引起的 不適症狀者。 本發明自靈芝子實體萃取葡萄糖胺的方法與功效係 由以下之技術所實現： 其係將靈芝子實體經由鹼液萃取出脂質、蛋白質及 碳水化合物等雜質，進而獲得固體幾丁質，再將固體幾 丁質加入酸液，水解出葡萄糖胺成份，再將其含有葡萄 099111143 表單編號Α0101 第6頁/共12頁 0992019587-0 [0015] 201134478 糖胺成份的溶液去除不溶物雜質，且再經濃縮製程去除 水分而獲得結晶體，其結晶體經由乾燥程序而製成粉末 狀的葡萄糖胺成品者；藉此，利用本發明方法所萃取之 葡萄糖胺其原料來源為非動物性的靈芝子實體，係可提 供給予素食使用者服食，且藉由食用此葡萄糖胺保健產 品，可有效減輕因軟骨老化或過度損耗等因素所引起的 不適症狀者。 【實施方式】 [0016] Ο ❹ 099111143 為令本發明所運用之技術内容、發明目的及其達成 之功效有更完整且清楚的揭露，茲於下詳細說明之，並 請一併參閱所揭之圖式及圖號： 首先，請參閱第一圖所示，本發明之製作萃取步驟 方塊示意圖，其步驟如下： (a)靈芝子實體一係採用靈芝子實體、回收之靈 芝子實體或靈芝子實體殘渣其中一種； (b )鹼液萃取一將靈芝子實體殘渣置於1 一 2 0 %的鹼液中，於溫度9 5°C — 1 3 0°C中萃取1 - 3小 時，讓鹼液溶出靈芝子實體殘渣中的脂質、蛋白質及碳 水化合物，進而萃取獲得固體幾丁質，再利用過濾方式 將鹼液與固體幾丁質分離； (c )酸液水解一於固體幾丁質中加入5 — 3 5% 酸液進行水解程序，以將固體幾丁質水解出葡萄糖胺分 子溶於酸液中； (d)去除雜質一利用過濾方式將含有葡萄糖胺成 份的酸液進行過濾去除蛋白質、脂質等不溶物雜質，而 獲得濾液； 表單編號A0101 第7頁/共12頁 0992019587-0 201134478 (e )濃縮除水一再將上述步驟之濾液經減壓濃縮 的方式進行濃縮及去除水分，以獲得半固態狀態的葡萄 糖胺； (f )結晶一再以酒精加入半固態狀態的葡萄糖胺 中，使酒精濃度達5 0%—8 0%，葡萄糖胺溶解度因 過飽和狀態，而形成晶體結構； (g) 乾燥一再將上述步驟之葡萄糖胺晶體結構進 行真空乾燥的程序，而可得粉末狀態的葡萄糖胺； (h) 粉末成品一得到粉末葡萄糖胺成品。 首先，於製作時，本發明人係採用生產靈芝子實體 之多醣體粉末的製作過程中所產生的靈芝子實體殘渣， 如此可大幅提高靈芝殘渣之附加價值，具有環保再利用 的不浪費優點，爾後，經由鹼液萃取步驟，將靈芝子實 體殘渣置入於1 — 20%的鹼液中，且將其溫度控制在 9 5°C — 1 3 0°C之間，同時進行萃取1 一 3小時，讓 靈芝子實體殘渣内的脂質、蛋白質和碳水化合物溶出於 鹼液中，而可得到固體狀的幾丁質，再利用過濾方式將 鹼液與固體幾丁質分離，接續，進行酸液水解步驟，將 固體幾丁質加入含量5 — 3 5%的酸液進行水解程序， 以將固體幾丁質水解出葡萄糖胺分子溶於酸液中，再經 由去除雜質步驟，以過濾方式將含有葡萄糖胺成份的酸 液進行過濾以去除蛋白質、脂質等不溶物雜質之後，即 可獲得含有葡萄糖胺成份的濾液，爾後，以濃縮除水步 驟，將含有葡萄糖胺成份的濾液經減壓濃縮的方式進行 濃縮及去除水分，以獲得半固態狀態的葡萄糖胺，再以 酒精加入半固態狀態的葡萄糖胺中使酒精濃度5 0 % — 099111143 表單編號A0101 第8頁/共12頁 0992019587-0 201134478 8 0%，葡萄糖胺溶解彦 槿解度因過飽和狀態’而形成晶體結 構，而元成結晶步驟，而將沾 ^ 將、、"^日日步驟申的葡萄糖胺晶體 釔構進仃真空乾燥的程序步 ’驟’即而可得粉末狀態的葡 萄糖胺成品。 則述之實關⑽歧麵定树明找構樣態或 尺寸，任何關驗輯中財通常知識者之適當變化 或修飾，皆應視為不脫離本發明之專利範嘴。 *根據上述可知，藉由本發料取自靈芝子實體的葡 Ο 萄糖胺及其萃取方法相較於現有技術確實具有諸多優點 ，其詳述如下： 1.本發明萃取自靈芝子實體㈣萄糖胺及其萃取方法， 可應用於製造非動物性葡萄糖胺，將為包含素食者在内 之需求者提供可靠高品質且非動物性來源之葡萄糖胺者 2.本發明萃取自靈芝子實體的葡萄掩胺及其萃取方法， 主要採用靈芝子實體殘逢，可大幅提高靈芝殘渣之附加 價值。201134478 VI. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] [(10) 1] The present invention relates to a method for extracting glucosamine from a fruit body of a ganoderma lucidum and an extraction method thereof, particularly a glucosamine component which is used to protect connective tissue of a human body and The extraction step, which is mainly taken from the non-animal Ganoderma lucidum fruit body, and has the advantage that it can be eaten by vegetarians is the first application of the inventor. [Prior Art] [0002] Glucosamine is an amino sugar in animals and humans. It is a mucopolysaccharide component (a component of a polysaccharide) with viscosity and is present in cartilage and connective tissue. One of the most important nutrients for the formation of chondrocytes; both humans and animals can synthesize their own glucosamines in the ship's. Just as the age increases, the rate of synthesis cannot keep up with the rate of decomposition, so the phenomenon of the lack of glucosamine in the body and joints occurs. In turn, it affects the metabolism of cells in the joint. Glucosamine is decomposed into amino acids in the body, which can be converted into galactose, which is also converted into chondroitin. In addition, the production of proteoglycans and collagen in the body can be promoted by the kinsin of natural glucosamine. Supplements synovial fluid and provides the materials necessary to restore healthy cartilage tissue after injury. Glucosamine is widely distributed in nature in the composition of mucopolysaccharides, especially in the crustacean shell. The glucosamines currently on the market are mainly from [0003] 1. Aquatic animals with exoskeletons. For example: shellfish, shrimp 'crabs, etc., the exoskeleton of such organisms is rich in chitin η, through various purification and recovery techniques to produce glucosamine. Such 099111143 Form No. Α0101 Page 4 / Total 12 Page 0992019587-0 201134478 ' [0004] Sources are subject to many restrictions: (1) Aquatic animals vary in size according to different species; naturally occurring aquatic animals are not subject to (iv) environment Under the growth, including the impact of the climate of the four seasons, the heavy metal pollution of the environment _, is greatly affected by the environment Wei. [0005] (2) Whether the aquatic animal is the source of glucosamine will cause allergies and controversy. In the complicated maintenance and reduction of the position, the people cannot know whether the Jiu brother allergic factor has been removed during the production process. . [0006] Ο (3) Glucosamine products from aquatic animals have also raised issues of concern to the public: marine environmental protection; glucosamine extracted from a large number of aquatic animal shells is bound to negatively affect marine ecology. The impact, even years later - after the year, the catch of aquatic animals is slowly decreasing, which has a negative impact on the sustainable maintenance of marine ecology. [0007] (4) Many vegetarians around the world cannot accept food and extract from animals. Glucosamine is nutritionally supplemented. [0008] 2, using microbial technology, for example: Glucosamine produced by Aspergillus fungus (A s ϋ P erg 1 1 1 uss P ·) but this series is costly, and not all genus true gt & b For the safety (GRAS (generally regarded as safe)] strain, there are still considerable doubts about safety. [0009] The reason is that, based on the above various reasons, the present inventors have developed a non-animal organism that has existed since 099111143, from which it extracts, manufactures and purifies a high-quality and safe glucosamine product. A non-animal glucosamine product form number that consistently provides stable yields and is environmentally friendly to our environment. 1 ^ 5 12 1 0992019587-0 201134478 [0012] [0012] [0014] [0014] It is urgently necessary. In view of this, the inventors have been rich in design and development and practical production experience of the relevant industries for many years, and have researched and improved the existing structures and defects, and provided a method for extracting glucosamine from the body of Ganoderma lucidum and its extraction method, in order to achieve more The purpose of good practical value. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The glucosamine extracted from the body of Ganoderma lucidum and the extraction method thereof are health care products extracted from the fruit body of Ganoderma lucidum, and are mainly used for protecting small molecule-glucosamine of connective tissue of human body, which is effective Reduces the effectiveness of joint discomfort caused by factors such as cartilage aging or excessive wear and tear. The purpose and efficacy of the glucosamine extracted from the fruit body of the ganoderma lucidum of the present invention are as follows: It is mainly obtained by extracting and extracting the glucosamine component of the connective tissue of the human body by a non-animal Ganoderma lucidum fruit body; thereby, the method is extracted by the method of the present invention. Glucosamine is a plant-derived Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body that can be used for vegetarian users, and by using this glucosamine health care product, it can effectively alleviate the symptoms caused by cartilage aging or excessive wear and tear. . The method and the function of extracting glucosamine from the body of Ganoderma lucidum by the present invention are realized by the following techniques: the Ganoderma lucidum fruit body extracts impurities such as lipids, proteins and carbohydrates through an alkali solution, thereby obtaining solid chitin, and then The solid chitin is added to the acid solution to hydrolyze the glucosamine component, and then it contains the grape 099111143 Form No. Α0101 Page 6 / Total 12 Page 0992019587-0 [0015] 201134478 The solution of the sugar amine component removes the insoluble impurities, and then The concentrating process removes moisture to obtain a crystal, and the crystallized body is made into a powdered glucosamine finished product through a drying process; thereby, the glucosamine extracted by the method of the present invention is obtained from a non-animal Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body. Providing food for vegetarian users, and by eating this glucosamine health care product, can effectively alleviate the symptoms caused by factors such as cartilage aging or excessive wear and tear. [Embodiment] [0016] Ο ❹ 099111143 For a more complete and clear disclosure of the technical content, the purpose of the invention and the effects thereof achieved by the present invention, it will be explained in detail below, and please refer to the disclosure. Schematic and drawing numbers: First, referring to the first figure, the schematic diagram of the extraction step of the present invention is as follows: (a) Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body adopts Ganoderma lucidum fruit body, recovered Ganoderma lucidum fruit body or Ganoderma lucidum One of the solid residues; (b) lye extraction - the residue of Ganoderma lucidum fruit body is placed in 1 - 20 % alkali solution, and extracted at a temperature of 9 5 ° C - 130 ° C for 1-3 hours to allow alkali The liquid dissolves the lipids, proteins and carbohydrates in the residue of Ganoderma lucidum fruit body, and then extracts the solid chitin, and then separates the alkali solution from the solid chitin by filtration; (c) the acid solution is hydrolyzed into the solid chitin Adding 5 - 3 5% acid solution to carry out the hydrolysis process to hydrolyze the solid chitin to dissolve the glucosamine molecule in the acid solution; (d) removing the impurities - filtering the acid containing the glucosamine component by filtration to remove the protein The filtrate is obtained by insoluble impurities such as lipids; Form No. A0101 Page 7 of 12 0992019587-0 201134478 (e) Concentrated water is repeatedly concentrated and dehydrated by concentration under reduced pressure to obtain a filtrate. Glucosamine in a semi-solid state; (f) Crystallization is repeatedly added to the semi-solid state of glucosamine by alcohol, so that the alcohol concentration is 50%-80%, and the solubility of glucosamine is supersaturated to form a crystal structure; (g) The procedure of vacuum drying the glucosamine crystal structure of the above step is dried repeatedly to obtain a glucosamine in a powder state; (h) the powder is finished to obtain a powdered glucosamine finished product. First, at the time of production, the present inventors used the residue of Ganoderma lucidum fruit body produced during the production process of the polysaccharide powder of the Ganoderma lucidum fruit body, which can greatly increase the added value of the Ganoderma lucidum residue, and has the advantage of no waste of environmental protection and reuse. Then, through the lye extraction step, the Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body residue is placed in 1-20% lye, and the temperature is controlled between 9 5 ° C - 130 ° C, while extracting 1 - 3 In an hour, the lipids, proteins and carbohydrates in the residue of the Ganoderma lucidum fruit body are dissolved in the lye, and the solid chitin is obtained, and the lye is separated from the solid chitin by filtration, and the acid solution is carried out. In the hydrolysis step, the solid chitin is added to the acid solution having a content of 5 - 3 5% to carry out a hydrolysis process, wherein the solid chitin is hydrolyzed out of the glucosamine molecule and dissolved in the acid solution, and then the step of removing impurities is carried out by filtration. After the acid of the glucosamine component is filtered to remove insoluble impurities such as proteins and lipids, the filtrate containing the glucosamine component can be obtained, and then the step is removed by concentration. The filtrate containing the glucosamine component is concentrated and dehydrated to obtain a semi-solid state of glucosamine, and then added to the semi-solid glucosamine by alcohol to make the alcohol concentration 50% - 099111143 A0101 Page 8 of 12 0992019587-0 201134478 8 0%, the glucosamine dissolved 槿 槿 因 因 因 因 因 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成 形成The step of applying the glucosamine crystal structure to the vacuum drying step is to obtain the finished glucosamine in a powder state. The actual situation (10) is to determine the form or size of the face, and any appropriate change or modification of the person in charge of the test should be considered as not leaving the patent of the invention. *According to the above, the glucosamine extracted from the Ganoderma lucidum fruit body and the extraction method thereof have many advantages compared with the prior art, and the details thereof are as follows: 1. The present invention is extracted from the Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body (4) Glycosamine and its extraction method, which can be applied to the manufacture of non-animal glucosamine, will provide a reliable high quality and non-animal source of glucosamine for those who include vegetarians. 2. The present invention is extracted from a Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body. The grape ocalamine and its extraction method mainly use the remnants of the Ganoderma lucidum fruit body, which can greatly increase the added value of the Ganoderma lucidum residue.
綜上所述，本發明實施例確能達到所預期之使用功 效，又其所揭露之具體構造，不僅未曾見諸於同類產品 中，亦未曾公開於申請前，誠已完全符合專利法之規定 與要求’爰依法提出發明專利之申請，懇請惠予審查， 並賜准專利，則實感德便。 【圖式簡單說明】 [0017] 第一圖：本發明之製作萃取步驟方塊示意圖 【主要元件符號說明】 099111143 表單編號A0101 第9頁/共12頁 0992019587-0In summary, the embodiments of the present invention can achieve the expected use efficiency, and the specific structure disclosed therein has not been seen in similar products, nor has it been disclosed before the application, and has completely complied with the provisions of the Patent Law. And if you request an application for a patent for invention in accordance with the law, please give it a review and grant a patent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0017] First: Schematic diagram of the extraction step of the present invention [Description of main components] 099111143 Form No. A0101 Page 9 of 12 0992019587-0