201119509 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 [0001] 本發明有關一種無汞螢光燈管，尤指一種包含外部電極 - 與内部電極之無汞螢光燈管；本發明並有關一種該無汞 螢光燈管的驅動方法。 [先前技術] [0002] 鎢絲、白熾燈泡的發明，讓人類在黑暗中重現光明，從 此改變了人類的生活模式，讓白天得以延伸；而螢光燈 管則改善了傳統鎢絲燈泡的發光效率與壽命，大幅加速 〇 了人類文明進步的腳步。 [0003] 習知的螢光燈管内充滿了低壓氬氣或氬氖混合氣體及汞（ 水銀）蒸氣，且其玻璃燈管之内側表面塗佈一層磷質螢光 層。當電源輸入而啟動螢光燈管兩端的電極時，被加熱 的電極會釋放大量的熱電子，並因燈管内兩端電極的電 位差而快速移動。該些熱電子移動時，在管内撞擊汞原 子並使其游離而產生紫外光，螢光燈管内側的螢光層則 Q 吸收上述紫外光，並釋放出較長波長的可見光，致使燈 管發光。螢光燈管發出的光線色溫可由磷質成份的螢光 層配方來控制，而玻璃管則避免有害的紫外線及内部毒 性的水銀外泡。 [0004] 由於螢光燈管内的汞對環境有害且不易回收，燈管破裂 時，溢出的汞蒸氣甚至會造成人體中毒，因此近期燈管 的開發研究均以無汞化作為訴求。惟，單純僅以惰性氣 體取代汞蒸氣作為紫外線供給者，其燈管之發光效率甚 低，無法滿足照明的需求；再者，上述對於管徑較大或 098140497 表單編號A0101 第3頁/共15頁 0982069514-0 201119509 [0005] [0006] [0007] [0008] 098140497 燈管較長者，其啟動電壓須大幅增加，利用極高之電壓 致使惰性氣體游離而產生紫外光而發光，如此會提高能 源成本；另一方面，高電壓除危險耗能外，亦有燒毀燈 管的可能。 中華民國專利第M326613號以及第M330420號之「無汞螢 光燈管」揭露一種橢圓柱狀的無汞螢光燈管，並於燈管 外表面設置一反射膜，藉由該反射膜反射部分光線，以 增加同一方向之發光亮度。然而，以反射膜反射光線的 方式，無法實質上增加燈管的發光效率並改善燈管的發 光亮度，且因反射膜的設置，限制了光源投射的方向。 【發明内容】 综上所述，本發明之目的在於提供一種無汞螢光燈管， 藉以達到燈管無汞化之照明目標，並滿足環保與無毒的 安全訴求。 本發明之另一目的，在於提供一種上述無汞螢光燈管的 驅動方法，藉以解決燈管無汞化後難以驅動、點亮的問 題，並進一步改善傳統無汞螢光燈管亮度不佳的問題。 為達前述目的，本發明提出之無汞螢光燈管包含：一燈 管，其内部填充惰性氣體且兩端封閉、兩内部電極，該 兩内部電極分別設置於該燈管内之兩封閉端、以及兩外 部電極，該兩外部電極分別設置於該燈管的外表面。該 無汞螢光燈驅動步驟如下：啟動該兩内部電極，激發該 燈管内之部分惰性氣體產生離子化；啟動該兩外部電極 ，致使該燈管内部惰性氣體產生電漿，進而使該燈管導 通發光；關閉該兩外部電極，並維持燈管發光。 表單編號A0101 第4頁/共15頁 201119509 圆透過本發料啟動，可輔助雜氣體形成電衆 而致使燈官發光’且其亮度佳、發光均勾，並達成無采 化的％保目標。有關本發明的詳細技術内容及較佳實施 例’配合圖式說明如後。 【實施方式】 [_]有關本發明之詳細制及技㈣容，現就配合圖式說明 如下： [〇〇11] 4參閱圖1」所示，其為本發明適用之無汞螢光燈管1 Ο 實施例之截面剖視圖。該無汞螢光.攀.管1包含一燈管11 、兩内部電極12, 13以及兩外部電極14, 15 ;該燈管 端封閉，内部並填充惰性氣體，兩封閉末端各自設置— 上述之内部電極12, 13 ;該燈管11内部表面並塗覆一螢光 層111，該螢光層1 Π可吸收燈管11内部氣體產生之紫外 線而發出可見光，形成照明光源；該兩外部電極14, 15設 置於該燈管11之外表面，並各自定義為陰择與陽極。該 燈管11内部填充之惰隹氨體，可選自氦氣（He)、氖氣 〇 (Ne)、氮氣（Ar)、氮氣（Kr)、氣氣（xe)、氡氣（Rn)所 組成的群組任一或其組合，以達到無汞化的環保目標。 [0012]明配合參閱「圖2-1」至「圖2-3」所示之驅動流程圖， 本發明驅動上述無汞螢光燈管1的方法，包含：啟動内部 電極12, 13，激發該燈管11内之部分惰性氣體產生離子化 ’啟動外部電極14，15 ’致使燈管π内部氣體產生電衆； 關閉外部電極14, 15，並維持燈管11發光。以下就上述三 步驟做詳細的說明： [0013] 098140497 步驟一：如「圖2-1」所示’首先啟動並導通兩端的内部 表單編號A0101 第5頁/共15頁 0982069514-0 201119509 電極12’ 13，此時，電流加熱該兩内部電極12, i3之燈絲 121，131部位，並藉該燈絲121，m上所附著之電子放射 物釋放自由電子；該些自由電子可協助激發管内部分的 惰性氣體游離，如此可降低下一階段外部電極14, 15導通 的電壓，同時達到預熱燈管n的效果；意即，此時燈管 11内部實質上並未導通。須說明的是，本發明所謂之内 部電極12, 13設置於燈管π兩端，且與燈管丨丨内部之惰 性氣體產生接觸者而定義。 [0014] [0015] 步驟二：啟動外部電極14, 15，如「圖2-2」所示。利用 外部電極14, 15供給高伏特的電壓，激發燈管〗丨内部之惰 性氣體形成電漿，使整支燈管Η内部呈導通的狀態，而 穩定釋放光源。上述的「電t」係指填充之#性氣體因 離子化而產生自由電子與正帶電之氣體離子，啟動外部 電子14，15俾使自由電子數目瞬間增加，而可產生穩態 電漿。惰性氣孽原子受激後，電子會從低能階跳躍至高 忐階並呈不穩定的狀態’因此當位於高能階狀態之電子 回復至較穩定的俾能浩狀態時，會放射出紫外線波長， 再藉由螢光層111將該紫外線轉換為可見光源。在此加以 說明的是：上述外部電極丨4，15使用之高伏特的電壓係 相較内部電極12, 13之電壓而言；實務上，外部電極 14’ 15的啟動電壓（千伏以上）大於内部電極12, 13之啟動 電壓（數十至數百伏），即内部電極丨2, 13是以低電壓高電 流的方式啟動’而外部電極14，1 5則是以高電壓低電流的 方式啟動。 步驟三：係關閉外部電極14, 15，使燈管丨丨内仍維持導通 098140497 表單編號A0101 第6頁/共15頁 0982069514-0 201119509 [0016]201119509 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] [0001] The present invention relates to a mercury-free fluorescent tube, and more particularly to a mercury-free fluorescent tube including an external electrode and an internal electrode; The driving method of the mercury-free fluorescent tube. [Prior Art] [0002] The invention of tungsten wire and incandescent light bulbs allows humans to reproduce light in the dark, thus changing the way of life of human beings, allowing daytime to be extended; and fluorescent tubes improving the traditional tungsten light bulbs. The luminous efficiency and longevity have greatly accelerated the pace of human civilization. [0003] A conventional fluorescent tube is filled with a low-pressure argon or argon-helium mixed gas and mercury (mercury) vapor, and a phosphor phosphor layer is coated on the inner surface of the glass tube. When the power input is used to activate the electrodes at both ends of the fluorescent tube, the heated electrode releases a large amount of hot electrons and moves rapidly due to the potential difference between the electrodes at both ends of the tube. When the hot electrons move, the mercury atoms are collided in the tube and released to generate ultraviolet light. The phosphor layer on the inner side of the fluorescent tube absorbs the ultraviolet light and releases longer-wavelength visible light, causing the tube to emit light. . The color temperature of the fluorescent tube can be controlled by the phosphorous composition of the phosphorous component, while the glass tube avoids harmful UV rays and internal toxic mercury bubbles. [0004] Since the mercury in the fluorescent tube is harmful to the environment and is difficult to recover, when the lamp is broken, the overflowed mercury vapor may even cause human poisoning. Therefore, the development of the recent lamp has been demanded by mercury-free. However, simply replacing the mercury vapor with an inert gas as the ultraviolet supplier, the luminous efficiency of the tube is very low, and cannot meet the lighting demand; further, the above is a large diameter or 098140497 Form No. A0101 Page 3 of 15 Page 0982069514-0 201119509 [0005] [0007] [0008] [0008] 098140497 The longer the lamp, the starting voltage must be greatly increased, using a very high voltage to cause the inert gas to liberate and generate ultraviolet light to illuminate, thus increasing energy Cost; on the other hand, high voltage, in addition to dangerous energy consumption, there is also the possibility of burning the lamp. The "mercury-free fluorescent tube" of the Republic of China Patent No. M326613 and No. M330420 discloses an elliptical column-shaped mercury-free fluorescent tube, and a reflective film is disposed on the outer surface of the tube, and the reflecting portion is reflected by the reflecting film. Light to increase the brightness of the light in the same direction. However, in the manner in which the reflective film reflects light, the luminous efficiency of the tube cannot be substantially increased and the brightness of the tube is improved, and the direction in which the light source is projected is limited by the arrangement of the reflecting film. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In summary, the object of the present invention is to provide a mercury-free fluorescent tube, which can achieve the goal of mercury-free lighting of the lamp, and meet the environmental protection and non-toxic safety requirements. Another object of the present invention is to provide a driving method for the mercury-free fluorescent tube described above, which solves the problem that the lamp tube is difficult to drive and light after being mercury-free, and further improves the brightness of the conventional mercury-free fluorescent tube. The problem. In order to achieve the above objective, the mercury-free fluorescent lamp of the present invention comprises: a lamp tube filled with an inert gas and sealed at both ends, and two internal electrodes, the two internal electrodes being respectively disposed at two closed ends in the lamp tube And two external electrodes respectively disposed on the outer surface of the tube. The mercury-free fluorescent lamp driving step is as follows: starting the two internal electrodes to excite a part of the inert gas in the lamp tube to generate ionization; starting the two external electrodes, causing the internal inert gas of the lamp tube to generate plasma, thereby making the lamp The tube conducts light; closes the two external electrodes and maintains the light bulb. Form No. A0101 Page 4 of 15 201119509 The round is activated by this material, which can help the gas to form electricity and cause the lamp to illuminate, and its brightness is good, the light is illuminated, and the target of no recovery is achieved. Detailed technical content and preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the drawings. [Embodiment] [_] The detailed system and technology (4) of the present invention will now be described as follows: [〇〇11] 4, as shown in Fig. 1", which is a mercury-free fluorescent lamp to which the present invention is applied Tube 1 截面 A cross-sectional view of an embodiment. The mercury-free fluorescent tube 1 comprises a tube 11, two internal electrodes 12, 13 and two external electrodes 14, 15; the tube ends are closed, and the inside is filled with an inert gas, and the two closed ends are respectively provided - the above The internal electrodes 12, 13; the inner surface of the tube 11 is coated with a phosphor layer 111, which absorbs ultraviolet rays generated by gas inside the bulb 11 to emit visible light to form an illumination source; the two external electrodes 14 15 is disposed on the outer surface of the tube 11, and is defined as a cathode and an anode, respectively. The lamp tube 11 is filled with an inert ammonia, which may be selected from the group consisting of helium (He), helium neon (Ne), nitrogen (Ar), nitrogen (Kr), gas (xe), and helium (Rn). Any combination or combination of groups to achieve an environmental goal of mercury-free. [0012] Referring to the driving flowchart shown in "FIG. 2-1" to "FIG. 2-3", the method for driving the mercury-free fluorescent tube 1 of the present invention comprises: starting the internal electrode 12, 13, exciting A portion of the inert gas within the tube 11 is ionized to 'activate the external electrodes 14, 15' causing the internal gas of the tube π to generate electricity; the external electrodes 14, 15 are turned off and the tube 11 is maintained to emit light. The following three steps are described in detail: [0013] 098140497 Step 1: As shown in "Figure 2-1", first start and turn on the internal form number of both ends A0101 Page 5 / Total 15 page 0992069514-0 201119509 Electrode 12 ' 13, at this time, the current heats the two internal electrodes 12, the filaments 121, 131 of the i3, and the electrons attached to the filaments 121, m release free electrons; the free electrons can assist in exciting the inner portion of the tube The inert gas is free, so that the voltage of the external electrodes 14, 15 is turned on at the next stage, and at the same time, the effect of preheating the lamp n is achieved; that is, the inside of the lamp 11 is substantially not turned on at this time. It should be noted that the so-called internal electrodes 12, 13 of the present invention are disposed at both ends of the bulb π and are defined in contact with the inert gas inside the bulb. [0015] Step 2: Start the external electrodes 14, 15, as shown in "Figure 2-2". The external electrodes 14, 15 are used to supply a voltage of high volts, and the inert gas inside the lamp tube is excited to form a plasma, so that the entire inside of the lamp tube is turned on, and the light source is stably released. The above-mentioned "electricity t" means that the filled gas is ionized to generate free electrons and positively charged gas ions, and the external electrons 14 and 15 are activated to instantaneously increase the number of free electrons, thereby generating a steady state plasma. After the inert gas atom is excited, the electrons will jump from the low energy level to the high level and be in an unstable state. Therefore, when the electrons in the high energy state return to the more stable state, the ultraviolet wavelength is emitted. The ultraviolet light is converted into a visible light source by the fluorescent layer 111. It is to be noted that the voltage of the high voltage used by the external electrodes , 4, 15 is higher than the voltage of the internal electrodes 12, 13; in practice, the starting voltage of the external electrode 14' 15 (above kilovolts) is greater than The starting voltages of the internal electrodes 12, 13 (tens to hundreds of volts), that is, the internal electrodes 丨2, 13 are activated by low voltage and high current, while the external electrodes 14, 15 are high voltage and low current. start up. Step 3: Turn off the external electrode 14, 15, and keep the conduction in the tube 098140497 Form No. A0101 Page 6 of 15 0982069514-0 201119509 [0016]
GG
[0017]G[0017] G
[0018] 098140497 狀態。此時燈管可發出亮且穩定的可見光源，並不因外 部電極14，15關閉而造成光源輸出改變，如「圖2_3」 所示者。 須再說明的是，由於無汞螢光燈管丨缺乏汞氣體誘使惰性 氣體離子化而使燈管内部導通，因此必須大幅增加内部 電極12, 13的電壓以驅動燈管，也因高電壓輸入而極易造 成鎢絲損傷。一般來說，由於冷陰極螢光燈管的管徑較 小，且電極部位使用金屬杯（Ni-Cup)，因此藉其特殊結 構而可承受高壓放電以驅動燈管；然而，冷陰極螢光燈 管之電極結構並不適用於大管徑之螢光燈管。隨本發明 之燈管丨1結構其管徑與管長增加，内部電極12, 13之導通 電壓與電流其將隨管徑以及管長尺寸呈推犛性的遞增， 如此會使安定器的成本過高，亦會增加使用之危險性。 因此，藉由外部電極14, 15輔助管内氣體離子化，將可改 善上述問題。 - ψ. 據此，本發明可適用於熱陰極螢光燈管，尤其是管徑過 大而無法單純由内部電極12, 13啟動者，例如Τ4 (管徑 4/8英吋）以上之燈管，但不以其為限。 另一方面，本發明之外部電極14, 15並未持續啟動藉以維 持燈管11内部的導通，而僅於該兩内部電極12,13導通後 同時開啟-預設時間，並藉由該外部電極14, 15的高麼放 電輔助.U性氣體離子化形成電聚。因此，當該兩外部 電極14, 15關閉後’内部電極12, 13仍維持導通狀態，使 燈si 1内。卩的惰性氣體保持穩定的電離態，進而使無采 榮光燈官1維持發光效果。因本發明之外部電極14, 15無 表單編號A0101 第7頁/共15頁 0982069514-0 201119509 須持續導通，僅作為啟動之輔助效果，可避免產生臭氧 汙染或耗費能源的疑慮。 [0019] [0020] [0021] 098140497 在上述之實施例中，該兩外部電極14, 15係可均為一導電 層，且該導電層則實質上附著於該燈管丨丨外表面而設置 ，此外，該導電層可為金屬薄膜，例如以銀膠或導電膠 體塗佈於燈管外表面而形成，或直接貼覆銅膜，在此並 無特別的限定。該兩外部電極14, 15可考量無汞螢光燈管 1的出光方向或效率而分離設置；進一步地，該兩外部電 極14，15可對向設置於該燈管外表面（如「圖！」顯 不其分別位於燈管11直徑兩端），藉由對向放電激發惰性 氣體形成電漿；該外部電極14, 15可沿燈管11延伸方向設 置，其寬度尺寸以不產生臭氧或遮蔽光源較少者為考量 ，而無特別的限定；在其他實施例中，該燈管丨丨内側表 •面對應該兩外部電極14, 15處，可塗佈一誘電層，例如材 質為氧化銦錫（ITO)之誘電層，由於誘電層材質係屬習知 技藝’在此不加贅述。 須特別說明的是，「圏2-1」至「圖2_3」之線路符號及 開關僅為示意使用；實際上’該無汞螢光燈管Μ、外部 電極的啟動與關閉，可藉由一電子安定器來控制。 本發明提出之無汞螢光燈管發光均勻且亮度佳，且無須 利用高能啟動内部電極而耗費能源。惟以上所述者，僅 為本發明之較佳實施例，非欲侷限本發明專利之專利保 護範圍，故舉凡運用本發明說明書及圖式内容所為之等 效變化與修飾，均同理包含於本發明之權利保護範圍， 合予陳明。 表單編號Α0101 第8頁/共15頁 0982069514-0 201119509 【圖式簡單說明】 [0022] 本發明的實施方式係配合圖式予以描述： [0023] 「圖1」為本發明無汞螢光燈管一實施例之截面剖視圖； 以及 [0024] 「圖2_1」至「圖2 —3」為本發明無汞螢光燈管的驅動方 - 法之流程圖。 ' 【主要元件符號說明】 [0025] 1........無汞螢光燈管 Ο 11 .......燈管 12 .......内部電極 13 .......内部電極[0018] 098140497 status. At this time, the lamp can emit a bright and stable visible light source, and the output of the light source is not changed due to the closing of the external electrodes 14, 15 as shown in Fig. 2_3. It should be noted that since the mercury-free fluorescent lamp tube lacks mercury gas to induce the inert gas to ionize and turn the inside of the lamp, it is necessary to greatly increase the voltage of the internal electrodes 12, 13 to drive the lamp, and also because of the high voltage. Input is very easy to cause damage to the tungsten wire. Generally, since the cold cathode fluorescent lamp has a small diameter and a metal cup (Ni-Cup) is used for the electrode portion, it can withstand a high voltage discharge to drive the lamp by its special structure; however, cold cathode fluorescent light The electrode structure of the tube is not suitable for large diameter fluorescent tubes. With the structure of the lamp tube 1 of the present invention, the diameter and length of the tube increase, and the conduction voltage and current of the internal electrodes 12, 13 increase with the diameter of the tube and the length of the tube, which makes the cost of the ballast too high. It will also increase the risk of use. Therefore, the above problems can be improved by ionizing the gas in the auxiliary tube by the external electrodes 14, 15. - ψ. Accordingly, the present invention is applicable to a hot cathode fluorescent lamp, in particular, a tube having an excessively large diameter and cannot be simply activated by the internal electrodes 12, 13 such as a crucible 4 (tube diameter 4/8 inch) or more But not limited to it. On the other hand, the external electrodes 14, 15 of the present invention are not continuously activated to maintain the conduction of the inside of the lamp tube 11, but only when the two internal electrodes 12, 13 are turned on and simultaneously turned on - a predetermined time, and by the external electrode 14, 15 high discharge assisted. U gas ionization to form electropolymerization. Therefore, when the two external electrodes 14, 15 are turned off, the internal electrodes 12, 13 remain in an on state, causing the lamp si 1 to be inside. The inert gas of helium maintains a stable ionization state, which in turn allows the luminescence lamp to maintain the illuminating effect. Since the external electrodes 14, 15 of the present invention have no form number A0101, page 7 of 15 0982069514-0 201119509 must be continuously turned on, only as an auxiliary effect of starting, to avoid ozone pollution or energy-consuming concerns. [0021] [0021] 098140497 In the above embodiments, the two external electrodes 14, 15 may be a conductive layer, and the conductive layer is substantially attached to the outer surface of the tube In addition, the conductive layer may be a metal thin film, for example, coated with silver paste or a conductive paste on the outer surface of the tube, or directly attached to the copper film, and is not particularly limited herein. The two external electrodes 14, 15 can be separated by considering the light-emitting direction or efficiency of the mercury-free fluorescent tube 1. Further, the two external electrodes 14, 15 can be oppositely disposed on the outer surface of the tube (such as "Figure! </ RTI> are respectively located at the ends of the diameter of the bulb 11 respectively, and the plasma is excited by the opposite discharge excitation gas; the external electrodes 14, 15 can be arranged along the extending direction of the bulb 11, and the width thereof is such that no ozone or shadow is generated. The light source is less considered, and is not particularly limited; in other embodiments, the inner side of the tube is facing the two outer electrodes 14, 15 and may be coated with a soldering layer, such as indium oxide. The soldering layer of tin (ITO), because the material of the trapping layer is a well-known skill, will not be described here. It should be specially noted that the line symbols and switches of "圏2-1" to "Fig. 2_3" are for illustrative purposes only; in fact, the 'mercury-free fluorescent lamp tube and the external electrode can be activated and deactivated by one Electronic ballast to control. The mercury-free fluorescent tube proposed by the invention has uniform illumination and good brightness, and consumes energy without using high energy to activate the internal electrode. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the patent protection of the present invention. Therefore, the equivalent changes and modifications of the present invention and the contents of the drawings are equally included in The scope of protection of the present invention is combined with Chen Ming. Form No. 1010101 Page 8 of 15 0982069514-0 201119509 [Simplified Description of the Drawings] [0022] Embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the drawings: [0023] "FIG. 1" is a mercury-free fluorescent lamp of the present invention. A cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the tube; and [0024] "Fig. 2_1" to "Fig. 2-3" are flow charts of the driving method of the mercury-free fluorescent tube of the present invention. ' [Main component symbol description] [0025] 1........ Mercury-free fluorescent tube Ο 11 ....... Lamp tube 12 ......... Internal electrode 13 ... .... internal electrode
外部電魅 外部電極 14 〇 15 111.......螢光層 121.......燈絲 131.......燈絲 098140497 表單編號A0101 第9頁/共15頁 0982069514-0External electric external electrode 14 〇15 111.......Fluorescent layer 121.......filament 131.......filament 098140497 Form No.A0101 Page 9/Total 15 Page 0992069514- 0