TW201116071A

TW201116071A - Frame mode detecting method and frame synchronization method

Info

Publication number: TW201116071A
Application number: TW98136106A
Authority: TW
Inventors: Sheng-Lung Lee
Original assignee: Himax Media Solutions Inc
Priority date: 2009-10-26
Filing date: 2009-10-26
Publication date: 2011-05-01

Abstract

The present invention is directed to a frame synchronization method adaptable to a digital terrestrial multimedia broadcast (DTMB) system. A basis header is used with respect to the first frame to determine the position(s) of at least one maximum correlation. Subsequently, a table is generated to list relative positions of the maximum correlation with respect to distinct headers. According to each row of the table, correlation calculation is performed between the basis header and the input frames, and sum is thus obtained for each row of the table. The maximum one of the sums thus determines the header number according to the row number of the table.

Description

201116071 六、發明說明：【發明所屬之技術領域】 [0001]本發明係有關數位電視廣播，特別是關於一種數位地面多媒體廣播（DTMB)系統的模式偵測方法及圖框（ frame)同步方法。 [先前技術】201116071 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] [0001] The present invention relates to digital television broadcasting, and more particularly to a mode detection method and a frame synchronization method for a digital terrestrial multimedia broadcasting (DTMB) system. [Prior technology]

[0002]數位地面多媒體廣播（Digita 1 Terrestria 1 Multi_ media Broadcast，簡稱DTMB)系統是各種數位電視廣播系統當中的一種，主要使用於中國。在DTMB系統中，每一圖框（frame)或者封包主要係由標頭 (header)及資料主體（b0d，y)所紐成由於標頭主要是由虛擬亂數（pseudorandom ηΉΐκΙ^Γ，烈.）所產生，因此，檁頭一般也簡稱為ΡΝ。根據標頭長k的不同， DTMB系統主要有下列之PN規格：PN420、PN945、PN595 。例如，PN420規格的檁頭長度為420符號（symbol )或位元，加上資料主體的，因:此'％—圖框總共有 4200符號；PN945規格的榡頭袅皮為045符號，加上資料主體的3780符號，因此每>^|^|^^有4725符號。 [〇〇〇3] 第一A圖顯示PN420規格的標頭結構。每一標頭當中的 255符號（例如圖式中的PN255、PN255_1或PN255_2) 係由（82符號）前序（preamble)、（83符號）後序（ postamble)及90符號所組成。上述的標頭可由如第一B 圖所示之線性迴授移位暫存器（linear feedback shift register)根據初始值來專生。第一C圖的表格顯示部分的初始值。對於PN420規格，總共有224種初始 098136106 表單编號 A0101 第 3 頁/共 25 頁 0982061904-0 201116071 值，因此總共可產生224種PN標頭。 [0004] 第二A圖顯示PN945規格的標頭結構。每一標頭當中的 511符號（例如圖式中的PN511)係由（217乾號）前序 (preamble)、（217符號）後序（postamble)及77 符號所組成。第二B圖顯示用以產生標頭的線性迴授移位暫存器，而第二C圖則顯示部分的初始值。 [〇〇〇5] 對於PN420規格或PN945規格，其有兩種傳送模式：固定 (fixed)模式和轉動Cr&tated)模式。第三圖例示轉動模式及固定模式的傳送圖举序巧（fraj^^sequence) 。鑑於接收端一般無法事先.得*知傳声岑、究▲束採用轉動模式或者固定模式，因此，收端必读^(¾式债測的功能。於偵測得知傳_模式之後，接收端接著還必須進行圖框的同步（synchjroiiization) 〇特別是對於轉動模式，由於其每一圖框的標薄哿不相同’因此會增加同步時的困難度。再者，無讀是；填式的機測或者圖框的同步’會因為多重路徑而造成模式偵測或圖框同步的判斷錯誤。鑑於上述，因此亟需提出一種新穎機制，用於DT.MB系統中以有效地進行模式須測及圖框的同步^ 【發明内容】 [0006] 鑑於上述，本發明實施例的目的之一在於提出一種數位地面多媒體廣播（DTMB)系統的模式偵測方法及圖框同步方法，用以快速且正確地偵測得知固定/轉動模式以及得知PN標頭的序號。再者，本實施例還可降低多重路徑 098136106 表單編號A0101[0002] The Digit 1 Terrestria 1 Multi_media Broadcast (DTMB) system is one of various digital television broadcasting systems, mainly used in China. In the DTMB system, each frame or packet is mainly composed of a header and a data body (b0d, y). Since the header is mainly composed of virtual random numbers (pseudorandom ηΉΐκΙ^Γ, 烈. ), so the gimmick is generally referred to as ΡΝ. According to the different length k of the header, the DTMB system mainly has the following PN specifications: PN420, PN945, PN595. For example, the length of the PN420 specification is 420 symbols or bits, plus the data body, because: this '%—the frame has a total of 4200 symbols; the PN945 size is 045 symbols, plus The 3780 symbol of the data body, so there is 4725 symbols per >^|^|^^. [〇〇〇3] Figure 1A shows the header structure of the PN420 specification. The 255 symbols in each header (for example, PN255, PN255_1, or PN255_2 in the figure) are composed of (82 symbols) preamble, (83 symbols) postamble, and 90 symbols. The above-mentioned header can be exclusively derived from the initial value by a linear feedback shift register as shown in the first B-picture. The table of the first C chart shows the initial value of the part. For the PN420 specification, there are a total of 224 initial 098136106 form number A0101 page 3 of 25 0982061904-0 201116071 values, so a total of 224 PN headers can be generated. [0004] The second A diagram shows the header structure of the PN945 specification. The 511 symbol (e.g., PN511 in the figure) in each header is composed of (217) preamble, (217 symbol) postamble, and 77 symbols. The second B diagram shows the linear feedback shift register used to generate the header, while the second C graph shows the initial value of the portion. [〇〇〇5] For the PN420 specification or PN945 specification, there are two transmission modes: fixed mode and rotating Cr&tated mode. The third figure illustrates the transfer mode and the fixed mode transfer diagram (fraj^^sequence). In view of the fact that the receiving end is generally unable to obtain the singer in advance, the ▲ beam is in the rotating mode or the fixed mode, therefore, the receiving end must read the function of the 3⁄4 type debt test. After detecting the __ mode, receiving The frame must also be synchronized (synchjroiiization), especially for the rotation mode, because the label of each frame is not the same 'thus, it will increase the difficulty of synchronization. Again, no reading is; The machine test or the synchronization of the frame will cause the mode detection or the frame synchronization to be judged incorrectly due to the multiple paths. In view of the above, it is urgent to propose a novel mechanism for the DT.MB system to effectively perform the mode. Synchronization of the frame and the frame ^ [Summary of the Invention] [0006] In view of the above, one of the objects of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a mode detection method and a frame synchronization method for a digital terrestrial multimedia broadcasting (DTMB) system, which are used for fast And correctly detect the fixed/rotation mode and know the serial number of the PN header. Furthermore, this embodiment can also reduce the multipath 098136106 form number A0101

第4頁/共25 I 0982061904-0 201116071 (multi-path)所產生的'誤判機率。 [0007] 根據本發明實施例之一所揭露之偵測圖框傳送模式的方法，首先，以一基礎標頭對第一個圖框決定出至少一相關度（correlation)較大值的位置。接著’每相隔一圖框，根據該決定位置，將多個圖框的相同決定位置之相關度值予以加總’以得到第一最終總和；另外，每相隔一圖框向右移動一位置而得到每一圖框的相應位置，Page 4 of 25 I 0982061904-0 201116071 (multi-path) The probability of 'false positives'. According to one embodiment of the present invention, a method for detecting a frame transmission mode is as follows. First, a position of at least one correlation value is determined by a base header for a first frame. Then, 'each frame is separated, according to the determined position, the correlation values of the same decision positions of the plurality of frames are summed to obtain the first final sum; in addition, each frame is moved to the right by one position. Get the corresponding position of each frame,

並將多個圖框的該相應位置之相關度值予以加總，以得到第二最終總和；再者，每相隔一爾柩向左移動一位置而得到每一圖框的相應位置，並將多锢镯框的該相應位置之相關度值%以加總，苡瘠到狳三桌:系嫁和。最後’ I . I _ * 比較第一最終總和、第二最And summing the correlation values of the corresponding positions of the plurality of frames to obtain a second final sum; further, each position is shifted to the left by one position to obtain the corresponding position of each frame, and The correlation value of the corresponding position of the multi-bow box frame is added up to the third table: the marriage and the marriage. Finally ' I . I _ * Compare the first final sum and the second most

和第三，最碎總和，藉此，當第一最終總和為最大值時，則判定圖框係以固定 (fixed).模式傳送；當第二最終總和或第三最終總和為 [0008] 最大值時，則判定圖框係轉Xr〇tated)模式傳送。一 1騰1 斤根據本發明m例賴料1柩同步方法，首先，以-基礎標頭對第-個圖μ,轉相關度（cor一 • relation)較大值的位置，接著，產生一表格，於各列分別列出各種序號標頭之相關度最大值的相對位置。根據表格所示之相對位置，以基礎標頭和接收之每一圖框進行相關度運算，並予以加總，以得到多個相關度總和。最後’對各個_度總和作比較，最大值所對應之表格序號即為第一個圓框之標頭的序號。【實施方式】 [0009] 於數位地面多顧廣播（_B)系統中，當傳送端傳送 098136106 表單編號A0101 第5頁/共25頁 0982061904-0 201116071 一圖框（frame)時，如果接收端以一匹配（match)機制（例如匹配濾波器或相關度（correlation)技術）並根據相同的PN標頭（header)來進行比對，則在PN標頭的尾端即可得到一最大值。然而，如果傳送端係使用轉動（rotated)模式，則接收端不但無法得知目前傳送端究竟傳送哪一個PN標頭’且接收端也無法使用單一PN 標頭藉由匹配機制來得知PN標頭的位置。 [0010] 根據第一C圖（或第二C圖）所示的初始值表格，可以發現到這些初始值具有下列特徵：偶數序號（例如〇、2、4 )的初始值依序向右餐位（办ift)，而奇數序號（例如 1、3)的初始值依序向左移，.S而使科％_序號的初始值之移位方向為相反方向ϋ於:此’假設^送端使用轉動模式從ΡΝ0標頭（亦即，由序號〇初始值所產生的ρΝ 標頭）依序傳送圖框，而接收端則使用ΡΝ0標頭藉由相關度運算進行匹配；詰果將會發現，每一圖框產生最大相關度的位置（或稱為索引体:（ index))也會具有上述各初始值的41徵。第四_顯_農度最大值位於每—圖框的相對位置。例如，以PNG標頭的最大值為基準（位置〇 )’則PN1標頭的最大值之相對位置為—卜pN2的最大值之相對位置為+ 1，依此類推。 [0011] 然而’如果傳送端使肖轉純式謂1標馳序傳送圖框 ’而接收端則使用PN0標頭藉由相關度運算進行匹配，則各相關度最大值的相對位置將會如第四B圖所示。例如，以PN1標頭的最大值為基準（位置〇)，則m標頭的最大值之相對位置為+ 2，PN3的最大值之相較置為_卜pN4 098136106 表單編珑A0101 第6頁/共25頁 0982061904-0 201116071 標頭的最大值之相對位置 ’依此類推。 [0012] 根據前面所述之特徵’如果傳送端係使用固定模式則接收端於進行㈣度運算的各最缝之位«不會改變 ;如果傳送端係㈣轉動模式，_㈣於進行相關度運算的最大值之位置將可能向右移位（若初始值之序號為偶數時）’也可能向左位移（若初始值之序號為奇數時）。第五A圖至第五D圖顯示本發明實施例，其可用以偵測接收圖框的傳送（固定/轉動）模式❶本實施例雖以And the third, the most fragmented sum, whereby when the first final sum is the maximum value, then the decision frame is transmitted in a fixed (mode) mode; when the second final sum or the third final sum is [0008] max. When the value is determined, it is determined that the frame is transferred to the Xr〇tated mode. 1 to 1 jin according to the present invention, the first method of synchronization, first, with the - base header to the first picture μ, the correlation of the correlation (cor - relation), and then generate a The table lists the relative positions of the maximum correlations of the various serial number headers in each column. According to the relative position shown in the table, the correlation operation is performed with the basic header and each frame received, and summed to obtain the sum of multiple correlations. Finally, the total number of _ degrees is compared, and the table number corresponding to the maximum value is the serial number of the header of the first round frame. [Embodiment] [0009] In the digital terrestrial broadcast (_B) system, when the transmitting end transmits 098136106 form number A0101 page 5 / 25 pages 0906061904-0 201116071 a frame (frame), if the receiving end A match mechanism (such as a matched filter or correlation technique) and alignment based on the same PN header yields a maximum at the end of the PN header. However, if the transmitting end uses the rotated mode, the receiving end can not only know which PN header is transmitted by the transmitting end, and the receiving end cannot use the single PN header to learn the PN header by the matching mechanism. s position. [0010] According to the initial value table shown in the first C map (or the second C map), it can be found that these initial values have the following characteristics: the initial values of the even number (for example, 〇, 2, 4) are sequentially ordered to the right. Bit (do ift), and the initial value of the odd number (for example, 1, 3) is sequentially shifted to the left, .S and the shift direction of the initial value of the number %_ is the opposite direction: this 'assumed ^ send The end uses the rotation mode to sequentially transmit the frame from the ΡΝ0 header (that is, the ρΝ header generated by the initial value of the sequence number ,), and the receiving end uses the ΡΝ0 header to match by the correlation operation; It is found that the position at which each frame produces the greatest correlation (or index body: (index)) will also have the 41 signs of each of the above initial values. The fourth_display_farm degree is located at the relative position of each frame. For example, based on the maximum value of the PNG header (position 〇 )', the relative position of the maximum value of the PN1 header is - the relative position of the maximum value of pN2 is + 1, and so on. [0011] However, if the transmitting end makes the singularity of the suffix, the receiving end uses the PN0 header to match by the correlation operation, the relative position of each correlation maximum value will be as Figure 4B shows. For example, taking the maximum value of the PN1 header as the reference (position 〇), the relative position of the maximum value of the m header is + 2, and the maximum value of PN3 is compared with _b. pN4 098136106 Form Compilation A0101 Page 6 / Total 25 pages 0982061904-0 201116071 The relative position of the maximum value of the header ' and so on. [0012] According to the feature described above, if the transmitting end uses the fixed mode, the receiving end performs the (four) degree operation of the most stitching position « does not change; if the transmitting end system (four) rotates the mode, _ (four) performs the correlation operation The position of the maximum value will be shifted to the right (if the initial value is even). It may also be shifted to the left (if the initial value is odd). The fifth to fifth figures D show an embodiment of the present invention, which can be used to detect the transmission (fixed/rotation) mode of the receiving frame.

[0013] DTMB為例示，然而也可適用於其他類似的廣播***。在本實施例中’首先，如第標頭作為基礎標頭，對第一個接收圖目#最大值或多個較大值之位置。如果係使用多·僻則可以増強多重路徑（multi-path)的抵制效果。 [0014][0013] The DTMB is illustrative, but is also applicable to other similar broadcast systems. In the present embodiment, first, as the first header is used as the base header, the position of the first received picture #maximum or a plurality of larger values is received. If you use more than one, you can suppress the multi-path resistance. [0014]

接著，如第五B圖所示，每相隔一圖框（例如第N圏框、第N+2圖框、第N+4圖框）決定之（三個 1' i )位置，將多個圖框的相iCi'定關度值予以加 ...... 一 " 總，以分別得到次總和；袭後，將请有（三個）決定位置的次總和再予以加總，以得到一最終總和。當然，也可以先將每一圖框的（三個）決定位置先行予以加總，再將多個圖框的個別次總和予以加總，以得到一最終總和0 [0015] 此外，如第五C圖所示，根據第五A囷所決定之（三個）位置，每相隔一圖框（例如第N圖框、第N + 2圖框、第N+4 圖框）向右移動一位置而得到每一圖框的相應位置，接 098136106 表單编號 A0101 第 7 頁/共 25 頁 0982061904-0 201116071 著，再將所有多個圖框的相應位置之相關度予以加總。以得到一最終總和。第五D圖所示者與第五C圖類似，不同的是，每相隔一圖框向左移動一位置而得到每一圖框的相應位置。 [0016] 最後，將第五B圖、第五C圖、第五D圖所分別得到的相關度最終總和作一比較。如果第五B圖所示相同位置之相關度總和值為最大，則判定所接收之圖框序列為固定模式如果第五C圖所示向右移位之相關度總和值為最大，或者第五D圖所示向左移位之相關度總和值為最大，則判定 _ m 所接收之圖框序列為轉動模式。 [0017] 第六A圖例示上述相關度的運算裝置。其中，方塊60係作為補償載波偏移（carrier offset)或相位偏移之用，其將延遲元件601所得到延遲輸入與共輛（conjugate) 輸入藉由乘法器603予以相乘。接著，使用暫存器61提供 ΡΝ0標頭（例如第一A圖之PN255或第二A圖之PN511)，藉由多個乘法器62用以和輪入資料分別進行相乘，再將各相乘結果藉由多個加法器63予以加總，以得到一相關參度值。此外，此相關度值藉由比較器64和一（延遲元件 65所產生之）延遲相關度值作比較。藉此，即可將一個最大值或多個較大值的位置記錄下來。 [0018] 第六B圖例示另一相關度的運算裝置，其使用一移位暫存器67，用以提供移位之ΡΝ0標頭（例如第一 A圖之PN255 或第二A圖之PN511)，藉由多個乘法器68用以和輸入資料分別進行相乘，再將各相乘結果藉由多個加法器69予以加總，以得到一相關度值。 098136106 表單編號A0101 第8頁/共25頁 0982061904-0 201116071 [0019] 第七圖顯示本發明另一實‘例之流程圖用以同步圖框以判斷得知所接收圖框序列的卩卩標頭之序號。本實施例雖以DTMB為例示’然而也可適用於其他類似的廣播系統。再者，本實施例雖以PN420規格為例，然而也可適用於其他規格’例如pN945規格或PN595。首先，於步驟71，如同剛述第五A圖所示，以PN〇標頭作為基礎標頭，對第 -個接收圖框決定出—相關度最大值或多個較大值之位置。如果係使用多個較大值，則可以增強多重路徑（ multi-path)的抵制效果。Next, as shown in FIG. 5B, each of the frames (eg, the Nth frame, the N+2 frame, and the N+4 frame) determines the (three 1' i ) positions, and multiple The phase iCi's degree of the frame is added... one " total to get the second sum respectively; after the attack, the sum of the (three) decision positions will be added to Get a final sum. Of course, you can also first add the (three) decision positions of each frame first, and then add the individual sub-summs of the multiple frames to get a final sum. [0015] In addition, as the fifth As shown in Figure C, according to the (three) position determined by the fifth A, each frame (for example, the Nth frame, the N + 2 frame, and the N+4 frame) is moved to the right by one position. And get the corresponding position of each frame, then 098136106 form number A0101 page 7 / 25 pages 0962061904-0 201116071, then add the correlation of the corresponding positions of all the multiple frames. To get a final sum. The figure shown in the fifth D is similar to the fifth C picture. The difference is that each frame is moved to the left by a position to obtain the corresponding position of each frame. [0016] Finally, a comparison is made between the final sums of the correlations obtained in the fifth B diagram, the fifth C diagram, and the fifth D diagram, respectively. If the sum of the correlations of the same positions shown in FIG. 5B is the largest, it is determined that the received frame sequence is a fixed mode. If the sum of the degrees of the shift to the right as shown in the fifth C-picture is the largest, or the fifth The sum of the correlations of the shifts to the left shown in Fig. D is the largest, and it is determined that the sequence of frames received by _m is the rotation mode. [0017] FIG. 6A illustrates an arithmetic unit of the above correlation. Wherein block 60 is used to compensate for carrier offset or phase offset, which multiplies the delay input obtained by delay element 601 and the conjugate input by multiplier 603. Then, the scratchpad 61 is used to provide a ΡΝ0 header (for example, PN255 of the first A picture or PN511 of the second A picture), and the multiplier 62 is used to multiply the data by the round input data, and then the phases are respectively used. The multiplication result is summed by a plurality of adders 63 to obtain an associated parameter value. In addition, the correlation value is compared by a comparator 64 and a delay correlation value (generated by delay element 65). This allows you to record the position of one maximum or more large values. [0018] FIG. 6B illustrates another correlation operation device that uses a shift register 67 for providing a shifted 标0 header (eg, PN255 of the first A picture or PN511 of the second A picture). The multipliers 68 are used to multiply the input data, and the multiplication results are summed by a plurality of adders 69 to obtain a correlation value. 098136106 Form No. A0101 Page 8 of 25 098206901904-0 201116071 [0019] The seventh figure shows a flow chart of another embodiment of the present invention for synchronizing frames to determine the target of the received frame sequence. The serial number of the head. This embodiment is exemplified by DTMB' However, it is also applicable to other similar broadcasting systems. Further, although the PN420 specification is taken as an example in the present embodiment, it is also applicable to other specifications such as the pN945 specification or the PN595. First, in step 71, as shown in the fifth A diagram, with the PN header as the base header, the position of the correlation maximum or a plurality of larger values is determined for the first reception frame. If multiple large values are used, the multi-path resistance can be enhanced.

[0020] 接著，於步驟72,產生一表格（如第八圖所示），於每一列中列出各種PN標頭之相獮度最大值的粞#位置。例如’假設第一圖框為ΡΝ0標碩，因吊可以得到如第四入圖所示的最大值相對位置，其相當於表格第一列所示的—i 、卜-2、2、-3、3···。假設第一圖框為PN1標頭，因而可以得到如第四B圖所示的最大值相邛位隽，其相當於表格第二列所示的2、—1、3 二!。依類似原則 [0021] 可得到第八圖表格的其他到位置資私。 ....... g »4-1·*= 接下來，於步驟73，使用ΡΝ0標頭分別和每一圖框進行相關度運算並予以加總；然於運算時，PN0標頭和每一圏框的相對位置需依照表格所示進行移位。藉此，針對表格每一列之情形各得到一相關度總和。 [0022] 最後’於步驟74 ’對上述各個總和作一比較，最大值所對應的PN標頭序號即代表所接收圖框序列的第一個pN標頭之序號。根據本實施例’不但可以得知PN標頭的序號，且可同時得知傳送（固定/轉動）模式》例如，當各個 098136106 表單編號Α0101 第9頁/共25頁 0982061904-0 201116071 [0023] • 剌定其屬於固總和之間並無存在一明顯的最大值，則^ 定模式。妨舴用以限定以上所述僅為本發明之較隹實施例而已，见 '之精本發明之申請專利範圍；凡其它未脫離發明所揭7Γ中請神下所完成之等效改變或修飾’均應包含在1 專利範圍内。 [0024] 【圖式簡單說明】第一 Α圖顯示ΡΝ420規格的標頭結構。、第一B圖顯示線性迴授移位暫存器，其根據初始值' 標頭。 · 第一 C圖顯示部分的却始值* 產生[0020] Next, in step 72, a table (as shown in FIG. 8) is generated, and the 粞# position of the maximum value of the correlation of the various PN headers is listed in each column. For example, 'assuming the first frame is ΡΝ0 mark, the hang can get the maximum relative position as shown in the fourth figure, which is equivalent to the -i, bu-2, 2, -3 shown in the first column of the table. , 3···. Assuming that the first frame is the PN1 header, the maximum relative phase 隽 as shown in Figure 4B can be obtained, which corresponds to the 2, 1, 3, and 2 shown in the second column of the table. According to the similar principle [0021] other location-to-private privacy of the table of the eighth figure can be obtained. ....... g »4-1·*= Next, in step 73, the correlation operation is performed with each frame using the ΡΝ0 header and summed; in the operation, the PN0 header and The relative position of each frame is shifted as shown in the table. In this way, a correlation sum is obtained for each column of the table. [0022] Finally, a comparison is made to each of the above sums in step 74. The PN header number corresponding to the maximum value represents the sequence number of the first pN header of the received frame sequence. According to the present embodiment, not only the serial number of the PN header but also the transmission (fixed/rotation) mode can be known at the same time, for example, when each 098136106 form number Α0101, page 9 / total 25 pages 098206901904-0 201116071 [0023] • Determine that there is no significant maximum between the solid and the sum. It is to be understood that the above description is only a comparative example of the present invention, and the scope of the patent application of the present invention is the same as that of the invention, and other equivalent changes or modifications made by God without departing from the invention. 'All should be included in the scope of 1 patent. [Brief Description] The first figure shows the header structure of the ΡΝ420 specification. The first B diagram shows a linear feedback shift register that is based on the initial value 'header. · The first C picture shows the part of the initial value* generated

第二A围類示PN945規格的櫺頭結搆第二B圖顯示線性迴授移位暫存器標頭。，其摒據初始值以產生第二C圖顯示部分的初始值： / 第三圖例示轉動模式及固定免式的傳瓖圖框序歹]w广承〆沾相對位置（田第四A圓顯示相關度，最大值拉於每一圖根傳送端使用轉動模式從ΡΝ0標頭依序傳送圖框）° 第四B圖顯示相關度最大值位於每一圖框的相對位置（當The second A-circle shows the PN945 specification of the hoe structure. The second B diagram shows the linear feedback shift register header. According to the initial value, the initial value of the display portion of the second C-picture is generated: / The third figure illustrates the rotation mode and the fixed-free transmission frame sequence 歹]w Guang Cheng 〆相对 relative position (Tian fourth A circle Display the correlation, the maximum value is pulled at the root of each graph, and the rotation mode is used to sequentially transfer the frame from the ΡΝ0 header.) The fourth B graph shows that the correlation maximum value is in the relative position of each frame (when

傳送端使用轉動模式從PN1標頭依序傳送圖框）。第五A圖至第五D圖顯示本發明實施例’其可用以備測接收圖框的傳送（固定/轉動）模式° 第六A圖例示相關度的運算裝置。第六B圖例示另一相關度的運算裝置。第七圖顯示本發明另一實施例之流择圖’用以同步圖枢 098136106 表單編號A0101 第10頁/共25頁 0細2061904-0 201116071 以判斷得知所接收圖框序列的PN標頭之序號。第八圖例示第七圖步驟中所使用之表格。 [0025]The transmitting end uses the rotation mode to sequentially transmit the frame from the PN1 header). Figs. 5A to 5D are views showing an embodiment of the present invention, which can be used to prepare a transmission (fixed/rotation) mode of the reception frame. Fig. 6A illustrates an operation device for correlation. Fig. 6B illustrates an arithmetic unit of another correlation. The seventh figure shows a flow diagram of another embodiment of the present invention for synchronizing the pivot 098136106, the form number A0101, the 10th page, the total 25 pages, the 0, 2061904-0, 201116071, to determine the PN header of the received frame sequence. The serial number. The eighth figure illustrates the table used in the seventh step. [0025]

【主要元件符號說明】 6〇載波偏移補償 601 延遲元件 603乘法器 61暫存器 62乘法器 6 3 加法器 64 比較器 65 延遲元件 67移位暫存器 68乘法器 6 9 加法器 71-74 步驟[Main component symbol description] 6〇carrier offset compensation 601 delay element 603 multiplier 61 register 62 multiplier 6 3 adder 64 comparator 65 delay element 67 shift register 68 multiplier 6 9 adder 71- 74 steps

P： nfeiiecfualP: nfeiiecfual

rffice 098136106 表單編號:A0101 第11頁/共25頁 0982061904-0Rffice 098136106 Form Number: A0101 Page 11 of 25 0982061904-0

Claims

201116071 七、申請專利範圍： 1 . 一種偵測圖框傳送模式的方法，可適用於數位地面多媒體廣播（DTMB )系統中，該方法包含：以一基礎標頭對第一個圖框決定出至少一相關度（ correlation)較大值的位置；每相隔一圖框’根據該決定位置，將多個圖框的相同該決定位置之相關度值予以加總，以得到一第一最終總和；根據該決定位置，每相隔一圖框向右移動一位置而得到每一圖框的相應位置’並將多個辑框的該相應位置之相關度值予以加總，以得到一第二最终總和；. '根據該決定位董，每相隔一^置而得到每一圖框的相應位置，並將多個飼框的·該相應·拉置之相關度值予以加總，以得到一第三最終總和：及— 比較該第一最終總和、該第二最終總和、該第三最終總和，以判定圖框的傳送模式；藉此，當讓第一最終總和為t大值時，則判定圖框係以固 ^ f ί 〆定（fixed)模式傳送；當該索二最終總和或該第三最終總和為最大值時’則判定圖也係以轉動（rotated)模式傳送。 2 .如申請專利範圍第1項所述偵測圖框傳送模式的方法，其中上述之圖框屬於PN420規格或PN945規格。 3 .如申請專利範圍第2項所述偵測圖框傳送模式的方法，其中上述之基礎標頭為PN0標頭。 4 .如申請專利範圍第3項所述偵測圖框傳送模式的方法，當屬於該PN420規格時，上述作為相關度運算之該PN0標頭 098136106 表單編號A0101 第12頁/共25頁 0982061904-0 201116071 钃201116071 VII. Patent application scope: 1. A method for detecting a frame transmission mode, which can be applied to a digital terrestrial multimedia broadcasting (DTMB) system, the method comprising: determining at least a first frame with a basic header a correlation value of a larger value; each frame is separated by a frame according to the determined position, and the correlation values of the same determination positions of the plurality of frames are summed to obtain a first final sum; Determining a position, moving a position to the right by a frame to obtain a corresponding position of each frame and summing the correlation values of the corresponding positions of the plurality of frames to obtain a second final sum; According to the decision, the corresponding position of each frame is obtained every time, and the correlation values of the corresponding feeding frames of the multiple feeding frames are summed to obtain a third final. Sum: and - comparing the first final sum, the second final sum, the third final sum to determine a transfer mode of the frame; thereby, when the first final sum is a large value of t, the decision frame is determined system The transmission is performed in a fixed mode; when the final sum of the two or the third final sum is a maximum value, then the decision map is also transmitted in a rotated mode. 2. A method of detecting a frame transfer mode as described in claim 1, wherein the above frame belongs to the PN420 specification or the PN945 specification. 3. A method of detecting a frame transfer mode as described in claim 2, wherein the base header is a PN0 header. 4. The method for detecting the frame transmission mode according to item 3 of the patent application scope, when belonging to the PN420 specification, the PN0 header 098136106 as the correlation degree operation, the form number A0101, page 12/total 25 pages 0982061904- 0 201116071 钃

之長度為255符號（Symb〇1);當屬於該剛5規格時，上述作為相關度運算之該PN〇標頭之長度為5ΐι符號。如申請專利範圍第1項所述偉測圖框傳送模式的方法，於上迷之相關度運算之前’更包含進行載波偏移（earAr f set )補償。如申請專利範圍第1項所述_圖框傳送模式的方法，其中上述之圖框包含該標頭及1料主截（body)。如申請專利範園第1項所述_圖框傳送模式的方法，其中上述圖框於轉動模式時，該多個標_由”㈣值所產生’且該多個初始值具有下列特徵. 偶數序號的該初始值;^序向奇數序號的該初始值依序向左:移位相鄰序袭韵該初始值之移位如申請專利範圍第7項所述摘測_傳送^式的方法，轉動模式時所產生的該多個標頭於該袓關度運算後其最大值的位置同樣杲有讓多個初崔一種圓框同步方法，可適甩於數位地$參媒體廣播（ DTMB)系統中，該方法包含： < shi.fl) ΓΒ 於以一基礎標頭對第一個圖框決定出至少一相關度（ correlation)較大值的位置；產生一表格，於各列分別列出各種序號標頭之相關度最大值的相對位置；根據該表格所示之該相對位置，以該基礎標頭和接收之每一圖框進行相關度運算，並予以加總，以得到多個相關度總和；及對各個該相關度總和作.比較，最大值所對應之表格序號即 098136106 表單編號A0101 第13頁/共25頁 0982061904-0 201116071 ίο . 11 . 12 . 13 . 14 . 15 . 為該第一個圖框之標頭的序號，如申請專利範圍第9項所述之圖框同步方法，其中上述之圖框屬於PN420規格或PN945規格。如申請專利範圍第1〇項所述之圖框同步方法，其中上述之基礎標頭為ΡΝ0標頭》如申請專利範圍第11項所述之圖框同步方法，當屬於該 PN420規格時’上述作為相關度運算之該pN〇標頭之長度為255符號（symbol);當屬於該pN945規格時，上遣作為相關度運算之該ΡΝ0標頭之長度為511符號。如申請專利範圍第9項所逑之圈框同步方法，其中上逑之龜圖框包含該標頭及一資料主嘴· 如申請專利範圍第9項所述之_|楣法#.共中上迷圖框於轉動模式時’該多個標頭係以多個初ί值所產生，且該多個初始值具有下列特徵：偶數序號的該初始值依序向右移位（shift); 奇數序號的該初始值依序向左移、技友相鄰序號的該初始值之移位方向為相反方向。如申請專利範圍第14摘叙圖翻步方法，於㈣彳冑式 ⑩ 時所產生的該多個標頭於該相關度運算後，其最大值的位置同樣具有該多個初始值的特徵。 098136106 表單編號A0101 第〗4頁/共25頁 0982061904-0The length is 255 symbols (Symb〇1); when belonging to the specification of the 5th, the length of the PN〇 header as the correlation calculation is 5ΐι symbol. For example, the method of transmitting the mode of the frame according to the first item of the patent application includes the carrier offset (earAr f set) compensation before the correlation operation. A method of transmitting a mode according to the first aspect of the patent application, wherein the frame comprises the header and a body. The method for transmitting a pattern according to the first aspect of the patent application, wherein when the frame is in the rotation mode, the plurality of labels are generated by the value of (four) and the plurality of initial values have the following characteristics. The initial value of the serial number; the initial value of the sequence to the odd number is sequentially leftward: the shift of the initial value of the adjacent adjacent sequence is shifted as described in the seventh paragraph of the patent application scope The position of the maximum value of the plurality of headers generated in the rotation mode after the operation of the correlation degree also has a round frame synchronization method for a plurality of primaries, which can be adapted to digitally contiguous media broadcasts (DTMB) In the system, the method includes: < shi.fl) 位置 determining, by a base header, a position at which at least one correlation is greater for the first frame; generating a table for each column List the relative positions of the correlation maxima of the various serial number headers; according to the relative position shown in the table, perform the correlation operation on the basic header and each frame received, and add up to obtain more Sum of correlations; and for each of the correlations The total number of tables corresponding to the maximum value is 098136106 Form No. A0101 Page 13 / Total 25 Page 0982061904-0 201116071 ίο . 11 . 12 . 13 . 14 . 15 . The header of the first frame The serial number of the method according to claim 9, wherein the frame belongs to the PN420 specification or the PN945 specification. The frame synchronization method according to the first aspect of the patent application, wherein the above-mentioned basis The header is the ΡΝ0 header. The frame synchronization method as described in claim 11 of the patent application, when belonging to the PN420 specification, the length of the pN 〇 header as the correlation operation is 255 symbols (symbol); In the case of the pN945 specification, the length of the ΡΝ0 header of the correlation calculation is 511. According to the rim symbol synchronization method of claim 9, the turtle frame of the upper scorpion includes the header and A data master mouth · As described in the scope of claim 9 _|楣法#. In the middle of the frame in the rotation mode, the multiple headers are generated by multiple initial values, and the The initial values have the following characteristics: The initial value of the serial number is shifted to the right in sequence; the initial value of the odd number is sequentially shifted to the left, and the initial direction of the neighboring number of the friend is shifted in the opposite direction. In the following figure, the plurality of headers generated by (4) Equation 10 have the characteristics of the plurality of initial values after the correlation operation. 098136106 Form No. A0101 〖4 pages/total 25 pages 0982061904-0