201107181 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明之一種熱鍛成型的自行車肘接件製法，尤指一種提 供自行車車架管等管件連接用如五通管之肘接件，以鋁材製作 成型設計，以鋁合金原材料，以鋸切處理成分別的材料件，經 預熱、锻製成型’再經適當的硬化處理後，將成型後的邊面餘 料切除及初步表面處理後，透過二次機械加工，完成肘接件必 要的鑽孔及攻牙加工，構成連接用肘接件的產品定型，形成無 • 接縫式一體安全成型之肘接件，確保鍛製成形的肘接件達到使 用女全、產製簡易又符結構輕量化的經濟實用目的。 【先前技術】 傳統自行車車架管相互連接的肘接管座，其不論是車前架 的車首管座或五通管座、立管座等等之連接肘接件的製作，通 常=是如附件所示公告M360197號「自行車車架銲接構造」 之前案所示，整個財接之管件，以一主架管為管座主體，依各 座體組裝位置連接車架的需要，或為階餘或縣管徑的預先 _ 加工後，g£合各接管頭相互插組銜接，依組裝車架不同值置的 傾斜銜接需要’為各式傾斜角度的連接；各連接管依預設傾斜 角度’預先削設有相對貼合接連用#接口部，再西己合置入到一 固定的治具或以特殊的固定元件定位辅助，以焊接操作，達到 玉通管或各切接座件的製作，祕上述前案所示由焊接製作 完成的多向式管座財接件的成型，不僅需仰雛熟練的焊接技 術人力’更且需透過各式肘接角度的治具或器具的定位輔助， 方能完成適當的定位焊接操作，由於整個座體肘接件在自行車 的車架連接組合上，通常需承受極高的安全負荷系數，故在實 201107181 際焊缝的要求上，需具極高超熟練的技術人員方能完成，尤其 有時更需透過機具的辅助，方能完成完整的烊接操作，而最不 易克服的則疋’以傳統的焊接加工製作’由於焊接處通常會產 生局部高熱，常會有破壞原有管材組織的情形，形成實際結構 剛性的變換’更容易產生無謂的硬力集中及因冷熱溫差形=之 變形公差，故以傳統的管座肘接件的成形製作，不僅於技術上 的依賴性極咼，更容易造成不良品的發生，一直很難達到量產 化產製的f求’以焊接操作受到局部高熱的溫差變換，常會 使斜交的角度在細後會產生變換，其便形成實際成形公差的 累積’而在累積公差下’極可能形成實際插合角度的差異，而 以自行車車架的相互插組連接，往往些微的角度變化，便可能 產生無法組裝或車㈣變形，尤細現代·極多的高級車 型，如碳纖輕量化的車架，根本不能焊接組裝，僅能以膠合的 粘接’而在肘接的連通管座上又需仰賴傳統的肘接管座，其斜 插連接角度的容許差微極小，因以碳纖的材料特性，其對特殊 組裝角度的支撐受力限制更嚴格’根林允許膠合管件有超出 設計的插組裝，因其極易構成車架實際使用安全上的疑慮，故 以傳統焊接式的祕餅，於實際產s上⑽不良品率的不易 =低’形成實際產製成本的不易降低，且又無法做快速的產製 提升；以自行車產製需要及現階段自行車休閒風氣的盛行，如 何將車架財接件的產製技術依賴進—步降低，更且達到整體產 製成本的降低，以符合實際產製的需要，並能有效關化產製 技術及成本，及雜產品品質的财與提升，環視現行自行車 的車架肘接件成形設計’容有進—步研究開發的空間。 【發明内容】 201107181 本發明者冑鑒於現行自行車車架肘接件產製成本高，又益 法做有效驗·管理额值提升，概數林綠鍛造成形 的實務經驗’加㈣發設計，終本發_一種熱锻 成型的自行車肘接件製法’以銘合金原材料，纖内熱锻製作 成形，達到無接縫式的外觀製作，配合適當的硬化處理，使其 達到安全之哪’再配合二次機械加工絲完整的結構外 觀，有效克服傳統焊接及治具定位不便等諸多高技術、成本依 賴的困擾及缺失。 本發明的主要目的在於：以鋁合金原材料配合模内熱鍛製 作成型，使自行車架的肘接件成形技術簡化，無需特殊技術依 賴，配合熱锻成形達到無接缝施工，有效提升肘接件的結構剛 性，並收到產製技術與成本的降低，使產製品質提升、尺寸精 確穩定，大幅降低不良品率，達到符合產業高經濟利用價值及 安全量產管理之目的》 【實施方式】 為方便貴審查委員進一步了解本發明所具有產業實用 利益及其價值，特配合實際產製實施例簡圖說明如后： 本發明一種熱鍛成型的自行車肘接件製法，主要係一種方 便車架管件肘接件成形之製法發明設計，整個財接件的產製設 計，如第一圖所示加工產製簡圖所示，以鋁合金材為主要使用 之原材料（1 〇 )，依實際使用的剛性要求需要，通常以一般 常見的鋁合金材（如AL606卜AL6014、AL6028或AL7005、 AL7075及AL2014)為較常用材料，依實際產製肘接件的外 觀及組接強度剛性需要’可以預製成接近斷面造形的鋁擠型材 或銘棒材等成形取用，通過鋸切處理（1 1)將原材料（1〇 ) 201107181 予以切割成所需的一段段狀的獨立加工用材料塊或棒體狀的 材料件’將鋸切後的材料塊（件）置入到振動機具内，預先做 切割毛邊的修邊處理（1 2 )，使其不會有凸出或銳利的切割 邊’有效保護到鍛製模穴内的表面維護，將去除毛邊妥當的材 料塊（件）’置入到一組預熱機具内部做適當的材料預熱處理 (1 3 )，依材料物性不同，一般以350〜440〇c之高溫做適當 的預熱處理（1 3 )，其依實際機具輪送速度及實際塊體的形 狀大小做必要的調整，使達到鍛製前材料的預熱鬆整處理，方 便鍛製時材料具較佳的延展性，再將預熱妥當的材料塊或材料 棒，置入到鍛製模具内部，做為鍛製成型（1 4)操作，整個 型的锻製製程，依實際鍛製物件的大小材積及形狀，可以一或 一組以上的模組，做一次或多次的分段鍛製操作，以達到產品 成形精緻美觀及尺寸精確為操作之選擇，而鍛製成型（i 4 ) 的模組，於加工前，可先予以預熱，使其達到18〇〜2〇〇t>c之模 溫’供鍛製更簡易且不會產生模穴内溫差之吸熱缺失；將鍛製 成型（1 4 )的物件半成品出模後，集中置入到一熱處理機具 内，做進-步的高溫硬化處理（工5 )，有效使半成品物件^ 材料物性做結翻整，制均自且富實際需要的最佳剛性 維持，以一般(AL6061)材料Τ4〜Τ6之熱處理，通常會維持在 HRB55〜60間之硬度值’將硬化處理（工5 )後的半成品，進 行-成形的必要餘料裁切操作（1 6 )，可修除大部份的 =申邊片或凸出物，使其接近成品的外觀，再將大部餘料裁切 後的物件，進行後續研磨除較細部的毛邊切除修整（丄7 達到元整的成^物縣，再透職動處賴201107181 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a hot forged bicycle elbow joint, in particular to an elbow joint for providing a bicycle frame tube and the like, such as a five-way tube, to an aluminum The material is made into a molding design, and the aluminum alloy raw material is sawed into separate material parts, which are preheated and forged into a shape. After appropriate hardening treatment, the formed residual material is removed and the preliminary surface treatment is performed. After the secondary machining, the necessary drilling and tapping of the elbow joint is completed, and the product of the elbow joint for connection is formed, and the elbow joint of the joint-free integrated safety forming is formed to ensure the forged shape. The elbow joint achieves the economical and practical purpose of using the female full, the production system is simple and the structure is lightweight. [Prior Art] The conventional elbow socket of the bicycle frame tube is connected to the elbow joint of the front seat or the five-way socket, the riser seat, etc. of the front frame, usually = Announcement M360197 "Bicycle Frame Welding Structure" as shown in the attached book. As shown in the previous case, the whole pipe fittings are made up of a main frame pipe as the main body of the pipe socket, and the frame is connected according to the assembly position of each seat body, or After the pre-processing of the county pipe diameter, the g-joint heads are connected to each other, and the tilting connection according to the different values of the assembled frame requires 'connection for various angles; each connecting pipe is inclined according to the preset angle' Pre-cutting and affixing the interface part for the relative attachment and connection, and then inserting it into a fixed fixture or positioning with a special fixing component to perform the welding operation to achieve the production of the jade pipe or each of the cut-off seat parts. In the above-mentioned case, the formation of the multi-directional pipe sockets made by welding is not only required to be skilled in the welding technology, but also needs to be assisted by the positioning of the fixtures or appliances of various elbow joint angles. In order to complete the appropriate The welding operation, because the entire seat elbow joint is on the bicycle frame connection combination, usually has to bear a very high safety load factor, so in the actual 201107181 inter-weld requirements, it must be highly skilled and skilled. Completion, especially sometimes through the aid of the machine, can complete the complete splicing operation, and the most difficult to overcome is 以 'made by traditional welding process' because the welding site usually produces local high heat, often destroying the original In the case of pipe organization, the transformation of the actual structural rigidity is more likely to produce unnecessary hard force concentration and deformation tolerance due to the difference between the hot and cold temperature, so the formation of the traditional pipe socket elbow joint is not only technically dependent. Extremely embarrassing, it is more likely to cause the occurrence of defective products. It has been difficult to achieve the mass production and production system. The welding process is subject to local high heat temperature change, which often causes the skew angle to change after it is fined. The accumulation of actual forming tolerances, and under cumulative tolerances, is likely to form the difference in the actual insertion angle, while the bicycle frames are connected to each other. Often a slight angle change may result in the inability to assemble or the vehicle (4) deformation, especially the modern and extremely high-grade models, such as carbon fiber lightweight frame, can not be welded and assembled at all, can only be glued and glued in the elbow The connected connecting socket needs to rely on the traditional elbow socket. The tolerance of the oblique insertion angle is extremely small. Due to the material properties of the carbon fiber, the support for the special assembly angle is more restricted. The pipe fittings have a plug-in assembly that exceeds the design. Because it is easy to constitute the safety of the actual use of the frame, the traditional welded-type secret cake is used on the actual production s. (10) The defective product rate is not easy to be low. It is not easy to reduce, and it is impossible to make rapid production improvement; with the bicycle production needs and the prevalence of bicycle leisure atmosphere at the present stage, how to reduce the production technology of the frame financial parts depends on the step-by-step reduction, and achieve the overall production. Reduce the cost of the system to meet the needs of the actual production system, and effectively shut down the production technology and cost, and the quality and improvement of the quality of miscellaneous products, looking around the frame of the current bicycle frame Shaped member design 'intake capacity - Space further research and development. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 201107181 The inventor 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄 胄The present invention is a method for preparing a bicycle for the production of a bicycle by a hot forging. The raw material of the alloy is made by hot forging in the fiber to achieve a seamless appearance, and the appropriate hardening treatment is used to achieve safety. The complete mechanical appearance of the secondary mechanical processing wire effectively overcomes many high-tech, cost-dependent troubles and defects such as the inconvenience of traditional welding and fixture positioning. The main object of the invention is to make the aluminum alloy raw material and the in-mold hot forging forming, so that the forming technology of the elbow joint of the bicycle frame is simplified, no special technical dependence is required, and the hot forging forming is used to achieve the jointless construction, and the elbow joint is effectively improved. The structural rigidity is received, and the production technology and cost are reduced, the quality of the product is improved, the size is accurate and stable, the defective product rate is greatly reduced, and the purpose of meeting the high economic utilization value of the industry and the safety mass production management is achieved. In order to facilitate the reviewer to further understand the practical benefits and value of the invention, the schematic diagram of the actual production system is as follows: The invention relates to a hot forged bicycle wrist joint manufacturing method, which is mainly a convenient frame Inventive design of the forming method of pipe elbow joints, the production design of the whole financial joints, as shown in the diagram of the production and production diagram shown in the first figure, the raw materials (1 〇) mainly used for aluminum alloy materials, according to actual use The rigidity requirements are required, usually in the common aluminum alloy materials (such as AL606, AL6014, AL6028 or AL7005, AL7075 and AL2014). Commonly used materials, according to the actual appearance of the elbow joint and the rigidity of the joint strength, can be prefabricated into aluminum extrusion profiles or Ming bars that are shaped close to the cross section, and the raw materials are processed by sawing (1 1). (1〇) 201107181 A piece of independent processing material or rod-shaped material that is cut into a desired segment. The sawn-cut material block (piece) is placed in a vibrating machine, and the burr is cut in advance. Trimming treatment (1 2 ) so that it does not have a convex or sharp cutting edge 'effectively protects the surface maintenance in the forging cavity, and puts the material block (piece) that removes the burrs into a set of preheating Pre-heat treatment (1 3 ) is carried out on the inside of the machine. Depending on the material properties, the pre-heat treatment (1 3 ) is usually carried out at a high temperature of 350 to 440 ° C, depending on the actual machine rotation speed and the actual block. The shape and size are adjusted to achieve the pre-heating and loosening treatment of the material before forging, which facilitates the better ductility of the material during forging, and then puts the preheated material block or material rod into the forging Inside the mold, as a forged type (1 4) For the whole type of forging process, according to the size and shape of the actual forged object, one or more sets of modules can be used for one or more segmented forging operations to achieve the product's delicate appearance and size. Precisely selected for operation, the forged (i 4 ) module can be preheated before processing to achieve a mold temperature of 18 〇 2 〇〇 t gt; c for easier forging And the heat loss of the temperature difference in the cavity is not generated; after the semi-finished product of the forged type (1 4 ) is discharged into the mold, it is placed in a heat treatment machine to perform the high-temperature hardening treatment of the step (work 5), which is effective The semi-finished article ^ material properties are knot-finished, and the optimum rigidity is maintained from the actual and necessary. The heat treatment of the general (AL6061) material Τ4~Τ6 is usually maintained at a hardness value between HRB 55 and 60. The semi-finished product after processing (work 5), the necessary residual material cutting operation (16) for forming-forming, can remove most of the = edged sheet or protrusion to make it close to the appearance of the finished product, and then large After cutting the remaining parts, carry out subsequent grinding except the finer parts of the hair Excision repair (Shang element 7 reaches to the whole composition County ^, then move through the post at Lai
達到成品咖爾_(18)，縣== 8 )妥當的锻製元件，置入職具内做二次的機械加工處理Q 201107181 9 ) ’完成堅個物件的鑽孔或 合實際使㈣需要，即n二頌處理的加工_，符 製作設計。 ①成70整的自㈣雌管祕件的成品 、本發㈣自行車車架肘接件 Μ 種插^ ^二_三通肘接件製作，其需具備多 成型ci^Wr時’可通過本發明所設由鋁質材料鍛製 作，不僅’使其財接件達到完全無接缝的一體成型製 2 3可確保無焊接所形成焊縫線接缝面的結構不安全性， 型:吁幅1接技術的依賴’尤其透過鍛製模具的鍛製定 杜"^ 發定型，便可製料各式造形的肘接元 的她職，完全鱗接凹部高熱 =生^部應力集中及可能產生外觀受焊接加卫熱變形的 if=需透過熱硬化處理(15)的後續處理，便可使鍛 製ί内應力元全去除，確保整體結構剛性獲得最佳且最均勻的 改。與設計，尤其透過锻製麵成形設計，其锻製之成品，不 僅產品規格-致性可穩定，大幅減少不良品率的發生完全不 會產生傳統加工的累積公差問題，且内部材料_將因為锻製 的擠屢更緊密’有效提升其結構強度，進一步雜整體結構使 用的安全性，進而可適度的降低其結構厚度，使成品達到適當 減重功效，赠合新—代高徹_式自行車輕量化組裝使用 要件’進-步提升聊踏自行車具的產品整體價值感，有效大幅 強化整體產品品質及價值的實用功效特性。Reach the finished product _ (18), county == 8) Proper forged components, put into the tool to do secondary machining processing Q 201107181 9) 'Complete the drilling of the object or the actual (4) need , that is, the processing of n-twisting processing, the design of the symbol. 1 into 70 whole (four) female tube secrets, the original (four) bicycle frame elbow fittings Μ seeding ^ ^ two _ three-way elbow joint production, it needs to have multi-form ci ^ Wr 'can pass this The invention is made of aluminum material forging, not only to make the financial joints completely seamless, and the integral molding system can ensure the structural unsafeness of the seam surface of the weld seam without welding. 1 Dependence on technology 'especially through the forging of the forging die to make a " ^ hair shaping, it can be used to prepare various types of elbow joints of her position, complete scaly concave high heat = raw ^ stress concentration and possible If the appearance is affected by the heat deformation of the weld and the heat treatment (15), the internal stress of the forged ί can be completely removed to ensure the best and most uniform change of the overall structural rigidity. And the design, especially through the forging surface forming design, the forged finished product, not only the product specification - the stability can be stabilized, the occurrence of the defective product rate is greatly reduced, and the cumulative tolerance problem of the conventional processing is not generated at all, and the internal material _ will be The forging is more compact and 'effectively enhances its structural strength, furthermore the safety of the use of the overall structure, and thus can appropriately reduce the thickness of the structure, so that the finished product can achieve the appropriate weight-reducing effect, and give a new-generation high-class bicycle Lightweight assembly and use requirements 'Increase the overall value of the products of the bicycles, and effectively enhance the practical and effective characteristics of the overall product quality and value.
另本發明整套熱鍛式的自行車架管肘接件的製作，其成品 可依實際組裝選需要，可於二次機械加工處理（i 9U 201107181 另為二次表面處理操作（2 〇 ) ’即依實際成品組裝所需，以 陽極烤漆或拋光處理，使肘接件的外觀具特殊的美化加工，配 合自行車成形外觀做相對的表面處理，使產品價值進一步提 升，又以本發明的肘接件製作，其比較傳統焊接式的製作，具 有極多的明顯優點，諸如無焊接縫的美觀特色，且不會於焊接 處形成應力集中，以致影響到使用安全，更且針對實際產製時 所形成的公差不會有累積公差的組裝缺失，整個產品組裝角 度、尺寸等達到精確且穩定一致性的加工品質，碟保組裝的便 利與產品的一致性，維持整部組裝車架的美觀且不會有變形的 疑慮，真正達到計劃性生產及組裝使用的設計目的，可說是車 架管件肘接元件設計產製技術的一大創新發明設計，其設備組 裝藉由模組的變換，便可因應各式不同造形的肘接件，做多樣 變換產製需要，可說是一完全突破傳統車架組裝肘接件之產製 設計，更符合計劃生產的經濟及實用新創利益，堪稱為車架肘 接件的一大創新發明設計。 綜上所述’本發明的一種熱鍛成型的自行車肘接件製法， 運用傳統熱鍛的技術，配合模組及加工製程的安排重新設計， 使自』行車用車架管財接件的成形技術大幅簡化，有效簡化實際 產製^術，以一體模内成型設計，完全無焊接不良的疑慮，確 保產=品質的一致與穩定，更大幅降低產製成本，就肘接件的 產製管理而言，可說是—種全新的產製方法的開發，完全符合 發明專利中請之要件，爰依法提出專利申請。 201107181 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖：係本發明之產製流程示意參考簡圖。 附件：公告Μ 360197號「自行車車架銲接構造」之專利公報 影本。 【主要元件符號說明】 (1 0 )原材料 （1 1 )鋸切處理 (12)修邊處理 （13)預熱處理 (14)鍛製成型 （15)硬化處理 (16)餘料裁切操作 （17)毛邊切除修整 • (18)表面處理 （19)二次機械加工 (2 0)二次表面處理In addition, the whole set of hot forged bicycle frame pipe elbow joints of the invention can be manufactured according to the actual assembly and can be processed by secondary machining (i 9U 201107181 is also a secondary surface treatment operation (2 〇) ' According to the actual assembly of the finished product, the anode is painted or polished, so that the appearance of the elbow joint has a special beautification processing, and the surface of the bicycle is formed to be relatively surface treated, so that the value of the product is further improved, and the elbow joint of the invention is further The production, compared with the traditional welding type, has many obvious advantages, such as the aesthetic characteristics of no weld seam, and does not form stress concentration at the weld, which affects the safety of use, and is formed for the actual production. The tolerances of the assembly will not be accumulated with cumulative tolerances, and the entire product assembly angle and size will achieve accurate and consistent processing quality. The convenience of disc assembly and product consistency will maintain the aesthetics of the entire assembly frame. The doubts of deformation, the design purpose of real planning and assembly, can be said to be the design of the elbow components of the frame pipe fittings. A large innovative invention design of the technology, the equipment assembly can be changed according to various types of different types of elbow joints, and it can be said that it is a complete breakthrough of the traditional frame assembly elbow joint. The production system design is more in line with the economic and practical new creation benefits of the planned production. It can be called a new innovative design of the frame elbow joint. In summary, the invention relates to a hot forged bicycle elbow joint manufacturing method. The traditional hot forging technology is used to redesign the module and the processing process, which greatly simplifies the forming technology of the fuel frame of the vehicle frame, effectively simplifies the actual production process, and integrates the in-mold forming design. There is no doubt about the bad soldering, ensuring the consistency and stability of the production=quality, and greatly reducing the cost of production. In terms of the production management of the elbow joint, it can be said that the development of a new production method is completely in line with In the case of invention patents, the patent application is filed according to law. 201107181 [Simple description of the diagram] The first diagram is a schematic diagram of the production process of the invention. Annex: Announcement Μ 360197 A copy of the patent publication for "Bicycle frame welding structure". [Explanation of main component symbols] (1 0) Raw material (1 1 ) Sawing treatment (12) Trimming treatment (13) Pre-heat treatment (14) Forging ( 15) Hardening treatment (16) Residual material cutting operation (17) Burr trimming and trimming • (18) Surface treatment (19) Secondary machining (20) Secondary surface treatment