201106490 六、發明說明： 【發明戶斤屬之技術領域3 發明領域 本發明係關於光伏打電池，更特定言之，係關於高效 率背面接觸式光伏打電池。 t先前技術3 發明背景 一結晶矽光伏打（p v)電池典型上具有一正面表面可操 作來接收光，並具有一背面表面相對於該正面表面。該電 池之射極通常正好在該正面表面之下，且被設計來接收盡 可能多之光。通常，具有多數特定電接點於該PV電池之正 面和背面上，以連接該PV電池至一外部電路。 於正面表面上之該等電接點典型上排列成複數個平 行、間隔開之“指狀物（fingers)”或格線，其等延伸越過 該整個正面表面。該等指狀物之形成典型上係透過網版印 刷一具所欲圖案之金屬膏於該正面表面上，並使它擴散進 該正面表面以及遺留一部分之該固化膏於該表面上，如此 成為該些指狀物。額外的金屬膏可用來創造多數匯流排垂 直於該些指狀物並與之接觸，以收集來自該等指狀物之電 流。此些匯流排通常較該等指狀物為寬，目的在於運送來 自每一指狀物之電流。 該等電接點與匯流排係不透明的，因此遮蔽該射極遠 離光。結果，該有效之可獲得來收集光之射極區域減少。 201106490 與匯201106490 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of Invention] 3 Field of the Invention The present invention relates to photovoltaic cells, and more particularly to high efficiency back contact photovoltaic cells. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A crystalline germanium photovoltaic (pv) cell typically has a front surface operable to receive light and having a back surface opposite the front surface. The emitter of the cell is usually just below the front surface and is designed to receive as much light as possible. Typically, a plurality of specific electrical contacts are provided on the front and back sides of the PV cell to connect the PV cell to an external circuit. The electrical contacts on the front surface are typically arranged in a plurality of parallel, spaced "fingers" or grids that extend across the entire front surface. The fingers are typically formed by screen printing a desired pattern of metal paste on the front surface and diffusing it into the front surface and leaving a portion of the cured paste on the surface, thus becoming The fingers. Additional metal paste can be used to create a majority of the busbars that are perpendicular to and in contact with the fingers to collect current from the fingers. These busbars are typically wider than the fingers in order to carry current from each finger. The electrical contacts and the busbar are opaque, so that the emitter is shielded from the light. As a result, the effective emitter area for collecting light is reduced. 201106490 with sink
電池 面區 既然該等指狀物與匯流排遮蔽該射極，由該等指狀物 流排占據之該正面表面上的區域稱作為“遮蔽區”。 蔽區減少了該PV電池之電流產能。在現代化的太陽 中，遮蔽區占據大約6至10%之電池的可獲光-接收表 域0 雖然矽結晶電池被大量製造’現行仍需去增加效率以 及減少製造成本來使光伏打能量之使用更具競爭力。— —種 ΟBattery Area Since the fingers and busbars shield the emitter, the area on the front surface occupied by the finger rows is referred to as the "shadow area." The masking area reduces the current capacity of the PV cell. In the modern sun, the occlusion area occupies about 6 to 10% of the battery's achievable light-receiving surface 0. Although the 矽 crystallization battery is mass-produced, there is still a need to increase efficiency and reduce manufacturing costs to make photovoltaic energy use. More competitive. — — Ο
增加效率之方法係去減少該遮蔽區，透過減少在正面表面 上之金屬喷敷。藉由減少金屬喷敷之量，減少該遮蔽區， 並減少擴散進該正面表面之金屬膏的量。遮蔽區之減少導 致接收太陽輻射之區域增加，此增加該PV電池之電流與電 壓。擴散進該正面表面之金屬量的減少係有利的，因為擴 散通常在該PV電池中電荷重組過程上具有一有害的影響。 美國專利編號第4, 927, 770號，標題為“製造背面點接 觸太陽電池之方法”，史雲生所有，描述—背面接觸式ρν 電池而沒有任何傳統的正面接觸金屬喷敷。該史雲生專利 描述有關於指叉背面接觸式”電池之數種特徵，包括一定 位於該ρν電池背面上之指叉射極結構以及該ρν電池背面上 雙極之集電接觸的用途，其移除對該ρν電池正面表面上集 電金屬接觸的需求，也因此，將該正面表面上之復合減至 最低》彡史雲生專利亦描述透過除去傳制遮光以及導入 有效率之結構來使陷光最佳化。 該史""生專利中所描述之該背面接觸式PV電池係由高 純度洋區H型♦材❹電荷載子壽命大於1 ms製成。 5 201106490 面表面擴散穿過該PV電池 該些少數載子藉由自該受照之正 之整個厚度，因此可接近該接合面以及該背面上雙極之集 電接觸。該正面表面上之復合過程更進—步藉由導入n+—換 雜與Si〇2鈍化層於該正面表面上而減少 描述於該史雲生專利中之該背面接觸式pv電池的背面 表面’包括位於該背面表面相對邊緣之數個指叉n+與p+平 行並狹窄之無重疊帶，且藉由依序之擴散過程產生。一有 效率之電絕緣建於該㈣之心確保高分路電阻。該電池 之整個背面表面被·層覆^提財效率之背面純化。 藉由穿過該背Φ表面上之Si〇4精確對準至對應之該n+和 P+帶之方法製造接觸孔。藉由沿著鱗對應接觸孔進行精 確對準，來印刷另-組細微（nam)w)金屬接觸，以提供且 有集電金屬接觸之底層的n+和奸帶。兩條終端匯流排被網 版印刷於該背φ表®之任-邊緣上，使得—條連接於所有 的n+指狀物且另一條連接於所有的叶指狀物。該些終端匯 流排可被用於測試該PV電池，亦可藉由該pv模組製造過程 中特殊標誌（tabbing)串聯至PV電池。 使用一指叉背-接觸結晶矽PV電池，可達23 4%之轉換 效率。雖然此技術提供卓越的結果，但是仍遭遇數種約束 例如’該技術仍然需要具有高的寬比高百分比之特定的集 電指狀物，以提供足夠高的電導率與相對低的功率耗損: 儘管此高的寬高比，該指狀物之長度限於約125毫米 者，該些指狀物以昂貴的銀膏製造，此可能實質上今 、 知譽到 製造成本。 201106490 另一型之背面接觸式太陽電池係一射極穿透式（EWT) 襄置。一EWT太陽電池相似於上述之背面接觸式太陽電 池’並描述於Gee等人所有之美國專利編號第7, 144, 751 5虎。然而’該射極與該背面表面之間的電氣連接涉及驅動 電流自該正面表面至背面表面接觸之電絕緣孔，該些背面 表面接觸連接至網版印刷之指狀物或格線。此技術允許使 用傳統的太陽能級矽於PV電池之製造，但仍需要特定的集 〇 電指狀物，於該Pv電池之背面上，具有高的寬比高百分比， 以獲得足夠尚的電導率與相對低的功率耗損。儘管此高的 寬咼比，該指狀物之長度限於約125毫米，於高度有效率之 =質結晶石夕材料製得之PV電池中。同樣地，該些指狀物 以叩責的銀膏製造，此可能實質上影響到製造成本。 【韻^明内笔^】 發明概要 0 依照本發明之—方面，係提供—背面接觸式光伏打（PV) 電池裝置，包括-結晶絲板，具有—用於接收光之正面， 一相反於該正面之背面以及一或更多種半導體接合面，該些 接合面係由第-極性之一或更多接合面—形成區域與第二極 性之一或更夕接合面-形成區域界定。該裝置更包括第一複 數之曝露的金屬接觸部分於該背面上，並越過該背面在兩直 交方向間隔肖’在1¾背面上呈現第一行與列組。該第一複數 之曝露的金屬接觸部分係於該基板上電氣地連接至該第一 極性之一或更多接合面-形成區域，以連繫該第一列組與該 7 201106490 第極(·生°亥展置更包括第二複數之曝露的金屬接觸部分， 越過該背面在兩直交方向間隔開，於該背面上呈現第二行與 列組’並使得實質切有之第二列組係介於相鄰之第—列組 之間。該第二複數之曝露的金屬接觸部分係於該基板上電氣 地連接至該第二極性之—或更多接合面_形賴域，使得該 曝露的金屬接觸部分之第二列組與該第二極性連繫，藉以該 背面上曝露的金屬接觸部分的相鄰列為相反極性，有助於將 該背面上一電極上之平行間隔開之電導體連接至各別的 列’以連接該PV電池至一電路。 實質上所有之第二行組係介於相鄰之第一行組之間使 得該第二複數之曝露的金屬接觸部分係於兩直交方向上交 錯，此係相對於該第一複數之曝露的金屬接觸部分而言。 忒第一複數之曝露的金屬接觸部分可能包括第一複數 之平行間隔開格線之部分，該等格線延伸越過該背面。 該第二複數之曝露的金屬接觸部分可能包括第二複數 之平行間隔開格線之部分，該等格線延伸越過該背面，該第 二複數之格線通常介於該第一複數之格線之間。 该第一和第二複數之格線之每一格線可能具有一介於 大約50微米至大約15〇微米之寬度以及一大約2微米至大約 15微米之高度。 該裝置可能更包括一遮罩於該第一和第二複數之格線 的格線上，該遮罩界定出該第一和第二複數之格線之經覆蓋 之區域以及未經覆蓋之區域，該遮罩之該未經覆蓋之區域界 定出該第一和第二行組與列組，該曝露的金屬接觸部分之位 201106490 置由該遮罩之未經覆蓋之區域界定出。 該遮罩可能包括漆和環氧樹脂之至少一者。 該第一複數之曝露的金屬接觸部分可能包括一第一複 數之物理上分開拉長形之金屬片段’排列成延伸越過該背面 第一複數之平行間隔開的線，界定出該第一行組和列組之行 組。 該第二複數之曝露的金屬接觸部分可能包括第二複數 Q 之物理上分開拉長形的金屬片段，該些片段排列成延伸越過 _ 該背面第二複數之平行間隔開的線，，該第二複數條之線通 常介於該第一複數條線之間並界定出該第二行組和列組之 行組。 该第一和第二複數之線之每一拉長形的金屬片段可能 具有一介於大約1毫米至大約3毫米之長度，一介於大約5〇 微米至大約150微米之寬度，一大約2微米至大約驗米之高 度/σ著忒些線大約等長於片段長度之間距，以及一靼相 〇 象線大約0·5毫米至大約3毫米之分隔距離。 該裝置可能包括一電極，延伸越過該第一⑼電池之背 面:該電極可能包括—電氣絕緣膜，具有—表面和—其上之 接著層》亥裝置可能更包括一第一集合之電導體以平行間 開關係包埋於該接著層，其中該第一集合之電導體係間隔 開，且物理與魏轉接至料該第_ρν電池上第—極 各別列中之曝露的金屬接觸部分。驟置可能更包括一第二 集合之電導體以平㈣關_包埋於該接著層，該第二隼 合之導體係通常與該第-集合之導體呈指又，且其中該= 9 201106490 集合之導體侧並物理與電氣地連接錢繫該第一 電池上第二極性之各別列中之曝露的金屬接觸部分。該第一 集合之電導體可作用為用於該第〆pv電池之第—終端且該 第二導體集合仙為用於該第―啊池之第二終端。 依照本發明之另—方面，欲提供-裝置，包括上述型態 之第-和第二PV電池，且更包括—電極，延伸越過該第一和 第二PV電池之背面。該電極可能包括一電氣絕緣膜，具有一 表面和-接著層於該表面上。該電極可能更包括—第一集八 之電導體以平㈣隔開_包埋於該接著層。該些電導體可 間隔開且可物理與電氣地連接至連繫該第—Pv電池上第一 極性之各別列中之曝露的金屬接觸部分。該電極可能更包括 一第二電導體集合以平行__係包埋於該接著層’該第 二導體集合係通常與該第—導難合呈指又。該第二導體集 合可間隔開且可物理與電氣地連接至連繫該第—pv電池上 第二極性之各別財之曝露的金屬接觸部分且該第二電導 體集合更可物理與電氣地連接至連繫該第二PV電池上第一 極f生之各巾之曝露的金屬接觸部分，以串聯該第一和第 二PV電池。該f極可能更包括—最終電導義合以平行間隔 P·係包埋_接㈣，該最終電導_合可物理與電氣地 連接至連繫该第二PV電池上第二極性之各別列中之曝露的 金屬接觸部分。該第—和最終電導體集合可作用為該組列 (string)之正極和負極終端。 依照本發明之另__方面，欲提供_裳置，包括上述型態 之第-、第二和第三PV電池’且更包括—電極延伸越過該 201106490 第一、第二和第三PV電池之背面。該電極可能包括-電氣絕 緣膜，具有-表面一接著層於該表面上以及—第_华合之 電導體以平行間隔開義包埋於該接著層。該些電導體可間 隔開且可物理與電氣地連接至連繫該第_pv電池上第一極 性之各別列中之曝露的金屬接觸部分。該電極可能更包括一 第二電導體集合以平行間隔開關係包埋於該接著層，該第二 導體集合係通常與該第—導體集合呈指又。該第二導體集合 〇 刊隔開且可物理與電氣地連接至連繫該第⑼電池上第 二極性之各別列中之曝露的金屬接觸部分，且該第二電導體 集合更可物理與電氣地連接至連繫該第二pv電池上第一極 、 性之各別列中之曝露的金屬接觸部分，以串聯該第—和第二 pv電池。該電極可能更包括一最終電導體集合以平行間隔開 關係包埋於該接著層，該最終電導體集合可物理與電氣地連 接至連繫該第二PV電池上第二極性之各別列中之曝露的金 屬接觸部分。該電極可能更包括一第三電導體集合以平行間 〇 隔開關係包埋於該接著層，該第三電導體集合係物理與電氣 地連接至連繫該第二PV電池上第二極性之各別列中之曝露 的金屬接觸部分，且該第三電導體集合係物理與電氣地連接 至連繫β亥第二pv電池上第一極性之各別列中之曝露的金屬 接觸部分。該電極可能更包括一最終電導體集合以平行間隔 開關係包埋於該接著層，該最終電導體集合係物理與電氣地 連接至連繫該第三？¥電池上第二極性之各別列中之曝露的 金屬接觸部分。該第一和最終電導體集合可作用為該組列之 正極和負極終端。 11 201106490 依照本發日狀另-方面’欲提供1作背面接觸式光伏 打電池之方法。該方法包括形成第_複數之曝露的金屬 接觸部分於4晶碎基板之背面上，該基板具有—正面㈣ 於該背面以及-或更多半導體接合面，該些結合面由第一極 性之一或更多接合面-形成區域和第二極性之一或更多接合 面-形成㈣料出。㈣曝露的金屬接觸部分越過該背面 在兩直交方向間隔開’以在該背面上呈現行組與列組之第一 集合’該第-複數之曝露的金屬接觸部分係於該基板上電氣 地連接至該第-極性之-或U接合面—形域，以連繫 該第-列組與該第-極性。該方法更包括形成第二複數之曝 露的金屬接觸部分，越過該背面在兩直交方向間隔開，於該 背面上呈現行組與列組之第二集合，並使得實質上所有之第 二列組係介於相鄰之第一列組之間’如此該第二複數之曝露 的金屬接觸部分係於該基板上電氣地連接至該第二極性之 —或更多接合面-形成區域，使得該曝露的金屬接觸部分之 第二列組與該第二極性連繫，藉以該背面上曝露的金屬接觸 部分的相鄰列為相反極性，有助於將該背面上一電極上之平 行間隔開之電導體連接至各別的列，以連接該PV電池至一電 路。 形成該第一和第二複數之曝露的金屬接觸部分之至少 之者’可能涉及使實質上所有之第二行組介於相鄰之第一 订組之間，使得該第二複數之曝露的金屬接觸部分係於兩直 父方向上交錯，此係相對於該第—複數之曝露的金屬接觸部 分而言。 12 201106490 形成該第一複數之曝露的金屬接觸部分，可能涉及曝露 平行間隔開格線之第一複數部分，該等格線延伸越過該背 面。 形成該第二複數之曝露的金屬接觸部分，可能涉及曝露 平行間隔開格線之第二複數部分，該等格線延伸越過該背 面’該第二複數之格線通常介於該第一複數之格線之間。 形成該第一和第二複數之曝露的金屬接觸部分，可能涉 Q 及形成一遮罩於該第一和第二複數之格線的格線上，該遮罩 界定出該第一和第二複數之格線之經覆蓋之區域以及未經 覆蓋之區域，該遮罩之該未經覆蓋之區域界定出該第一和第 ' 二行組與列組，該曝露的金屬接觸部分之位置由該遮罩之未 經覆蓋之區域界定出。 形成該遮罩可能涉及施用漆和環氧樹脂之至少一者至 該背面。 形成該第一複數之曝露的金屬接觸部分，可能涉及形成 〇 第複數之物理上分開拉長形的金屬片段，該些片段排列成 第一複數條平行__線，延伸越過該背面，該第-複數 條線界定出該第一行組和列組之行。 形成該第二複數之曝露的金屬接觸部分，可能涉及形成 第二複數之物理上分開拉長形的金屬片段，該些片段排列 成第-複數條平行間隔開的線，延伸越過該背面該第二 複數條線通；ji介於該第一複數條線之間並界定出該第二行 組和列組之行。 7成η亥第-和第_複數條線之拉長形的金屬片段可能 13 201106490 私及屯成該第-和第二複數條線之拉長形金屬片段，使得該 長$金屬片段可能具有—介於大約1毫米至大約3毫米： 7 ’丨於大約50微米至大約150微米之寬度，—大 微米至大約15微米之高度，—沿著該些線大約等長於片段長 又之間距’以及—距相鄰線大約〇 5毫米至大約3毫米之分 距離。 间 連接—第—PV電池至—電路，可能涉及使-電氣絕緣膜 之接著劑去黏附該膜至該背面一位置，使得一以平行間隔 關係包埋於β亥接著層的第一集合之電導體係物理與電氣 連接至連繫$第—PV電池上第—極性之各別列中之曝露 的金屬接卿分，並麟_財賴隔開義包埋於該接著 曰且通常與4第—導體集合呈指叉的第二電導體集合，可物 理與電氣地連接至連繫該第—pvt池上第二極性之各別列 中之曝露的金屬接觸部分。該第—集合之電導體可作用為用 ;該第PV電池之第一終端且該第二導體集合可作用為用 於該第一 pv電池之第二終端。 〃依照本發明之另-方面，欲提供—製作電極之方法，該 電極用於互相㈣組列之複數個背面接觸式PV電池。該方 去/V及將平行間隔開之電導體在越過該膜之奇數和偶數位 置打孔，忒些電導體包埋於一電氣絕緣膜上之接著層中，以 形成奇數和偶數打孔線橫向延伸越過贿，在沿著賴縱向 間隔開之間距財斷該”體並因而沿著該關造複數個 導體集合，並於相鄰奇數和偶數打孔線之間界定至少一個Pv 電池接收區域。該些導體集合包括一連繫越過該膜之奇數位 201106490 置的第一導體集合，該第一導體集合自該膜之第一端延伸至 該至少一個PV電池接收區域之第一PV電池接收區域。該方法 更涉及一連繫越過該膜之偶數位置的最終導體集合，該最終 導體集合自該膜之第二端延伸至該至少一個PV電池接收區 域之最終PV電池接收區域。 該至少一個P V電池接收區域可能僅包括一個p V電池接 收區域，且該第一PV電池接收區域以及該最終PV電池接收區 域可能為同一個。 打孔可能包括打孔一足夠數之奇數和偶數打孔線，以界 定複數個指叉的導體集合於該第一集合和該最終導體集合 之間，並界定至少一個中間的PV電池接收區域於該第一pV電 池接收區域和最後PV電池接收區域之間。 依照本發明之另一方面，欲提供一製作pV電池組列之方 法。該方法涉及放置PV電池於如上描述之一電極的各別^電 池接收區域，如此使得連繫該PV電池背面上第一極性的曝露 的電接點部分之列係與位於奇數位置之該等導體對齊和接 觸，並且使得連繫該PV電池背面上第二極性的曝露的電接點 部分之列組係與位於偶數位置之該等導體對齊和接觸。該方 法更涉及使該電極上之接著劑去黏附至該Pv電池之背面，以 確保該電極於該PV電池背面上之適當位置。 依照本發明之另-方面，欲提供—電極，用於互連複數 個背面接觸式PV電池成一串聯組列。該電極包括一電氣絕緣 膜，具有一表面並有一接著層於其上，以及第一和第二相反 末端。該電極更包括第-集合之電㈣，叫賴隔開關係 15 201106490 包埋於該接著層，且以一相當於曝露的金屬接觸部分之列間 距相距’該曝露的金屬接觸部分連繫該PV電池上至少一接合 面-形成區域之共同極性。該第一集合之電導體具有一長度 長於串聯組列中第一個PV電池的長度。該電極更包括複數個 電導體集合以平行間隔開關係包埋於該接著層且沿著該膜 縱向地設置，該複數個電導體集合以一相當於曝露的金屬接 觸部分之列間距相距越過該膜，該曝露的金屬接觸部分連繫 該PV電池上至少一接合面-形成區域之共同極性並且與相鄰 導體集合之導體呈指又，其中各別的導體集合具有一長度相 當於串聯組列中大約兩個PV電池之長度且其中至少一個導 體集合係於縱向地相鄰該第一導體集合之該膜上的一位 置。該電極更包括一最終電導體集合以平行間隔開關係包埋 於該接著層，且以一相當於曝露的金屬接觸部分之列間距相 距，該曝露的金屬接觸部分連繫該Pv電池上至少一接合面_ 形成區域之共同極性，其中該最終電導體集合之導體具有— 長度長於串聯組列中最終一個PV電池的長度。該第一導體集 合與該最終導體集合各別定位於該膜之第一和第二相反 端，以助於作用為串聯組列之第一和第二終端。 根據此中描述之實施例所製得之裝置可減少背面接觸 式PV電池之製作成本’因為使用較少之銀#，結果免除在 该PV電池之相反邊緣處自料格線收集電流的電流收集 器’也因此減少該等格線的尺寸。 例如，—般所知導體電阻係數所致之功率耗損係與該 導體之長度的平方成比例。在傳統的背面接觸式^電池 16 201106490 中，s亥電流收集指狀物之長度在一5-英忖方形電池中通常 約125毫米或在一6-英吋方形電池中約156毫米。此中所述 之方法與裝置之用途可使得此長度減少至少於3毫米，典型 上相當於該電極上導體間之大約一半距離。*匕長度減少顯 著地減少製作格線之銀膏的需求量，並改善該pv電池之效 率。該些格線之長度減少可減少起因於該些格線之功率耗 損達大約1252/32=1736倍。 Q 使用此中所描述之裝置和方法，可減少PV電池模組之 製作成本，因為該些電極可被預先製造且可簡易地黏附至 複數個適當定向的相鄰!^電池，如此該電極上之該些電導 體係與—組列中所有pV電池上的該複數個曝露的金屬接觸 邛刀呈物理與電接附，如下所述。該些電極可被連接至相 鄰組列之相鄰的電極，且該整個組列集合可以傳統的真空 積層方法被層積。免除涉及傳統焊接的傳統的標誌和組列 方法並且免除可造成PV電池破損之局部加熱的相關風險。 Ο 此中所描述之本發明提供自背面接觸式pv電池聚集電 流之改良方法，以增強效率、簡化該些電池之串接互連、 並減少製造成本。 所屬領域具通常知識者在瀏覽過以下本發明之特定實 施例的敘述以及相關之圖式後將可明瞭本發明之其他方面 以及特徵。 17 201106490 圖式簡單說明 說明本發明之實施例的圖式，The method of increasing efficiency is to reduce the shadow area by reducing the metal spray on the front surface. By reducing the amount of metal spray, the masking zone is reduced and the amount of metal paste that diffuses into the front surface is reduced. The reduction in the shadow area results in an increase in the area receiving the solar radiation, which increases the current and voltage of the PV cell. The reduction in the amount of metal diffused into the front surface is advantageous because diffusion generally has a detrimental effect on the charge recombination process in the PV cell. U.S. Patent No. 4,927,770, entitled "Method of Making a Back Side Contacting a Solar Cell", by Shi Yunsheng, describes the back contact type ρν battery without any conventional front contact metal spray. The Shi Yunsheng patent describes several features of the back-contact "battery" of the interdigitated finger, including the use of an interdigitated emitter structure that must be located on the back of the ρν cell and the collector contact of the bipolar on the back of the ρν cell, which is removed. The need for current-collecting metal contact on the front surface of the ρν cell also minimizes the recombination on the front surface.” The Shi Yunsheng patent also describes the best trapping by removing the masking and introducing an efficient structure. The back contact PV cell described in the history "" patent is made from a high purity ocean zone H-type ❹ material ❹ charge carrier lifetime greater than 1 ms. 5 201106490 Surface diffusion through the PV The minority carriers of the battery are accessible from the entire thickness of the illumination, so that the junction surface and the collector contacts of the bipolar electrodes on the back surface are accessible. The composite process on the front surface is further advanced by introducing n+-for And the passivation layer of the Si〇2 on the front surface reduces the back surface of the back contact pv battery described in the Shi Yunsheng patent, including the number of opposite edges on the back surface An interdigitated n+ and p+ parallel and narrow non-overlapping band, and produced by a sequential diffusion process. An efficient electrical insulation is built in the heart of the (four) to ensure high shunt resistance. The entire back surface of the cell is layered Backside purification of the financing efficiency. The contact hole is fabricated by precisely aligning the Si〇4 on the surface of the back Φ to the corresponding n+ and P+ strips. By precisely matching the contact holes along the scale Precisely, to print another set of nam (w) metal contacts to provide n+ and strips of the bottom layer of the collector metal contact. The two terminal bus bars are screen printed on the back φ table® - On the edge, the strip is connected to all the n+ fingers and the other is connected to all the leaf fingers. The terminal bus bars can be used to test the PV cell, and the pv module manufacturing process can also be used. The special tabbing is connected in series to the PV cell. Using a one-finger back-contact crystallization PV cell, up to 23% conversion efficiency. Although this technology provides excellent results, it still encounters several constraints such as 'this technology Still need to have a high aspect ratio and a high percentage Collecting fingers to provide a sufficiently high electrical conductivity and relatively low power loss: despite this high aspect ratio, the length of the fingers is limited to about 125 mm, and the fingers are expensive silver paste Manufacturing, this may be, in fact, well-known to the manufacturing cost. 201106490 Another type of back contact solar cell is an emitter-transmissive (EWT) device. An EWT solar cell is similar to the above-mentioned back contact solar cell. 'And is described in U.S. Patent No. 7,144,751, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference to U.S. Patent No. 7, 144, 751 5. However, the electrical connection between the emitter and the back surface involves electrically insulating holes that drive current from the front surface to the back surface. The back surface contacts are connected to the fingers or grid lines of the screen printing. This technology allows the use of conventional solar grades for the fabrication of PV cells, but still requires a specific set of electrical fingers, with a high aspect ratio and a high percentage on the back side of the Pv cell to obtain sufficient conductivity. With relatively low power consumption. Despite this high aspect ratio, the length of the finger is limited to about 125 mm in a highly efficient PV cell made from a crystalline material. As such, the fingers are made of a responsible silver paste, which may substantially affect manufacturing costs. [Rhyme ^ 明内笔^] Summary of Invention 0 In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a back-contact photovoltaic (PV) battery device comprising a crystalline wire plate having - for receiving the front side of the light, The back side of the front side and the one or more semiconductor joint faces are defined by one or more of the first-polar joint-forming regions and one of the second polarities or the joint-forming regions. The apparatus further includes a first plurality of exposed metal contact portions on the back side and over the back side in the two orthogonal directions spaced apart to present a first row and column set on the back side of the 13⁄4. The first plurality of exposed metal contact portions are electrically connected to the one or more joint-forming regions of the first polarity on the substrate to connect the first column group with the 7 201106490 pole ( And the second plurality of exposed metal contact portions are spaced apart from each other in the two orthogonal directions, and the second row and the column group are presented on the back surface and the second column group is substantially cut Between the adjacent first-column groups, the second plurality of exposed metal contact portions are electrically connected to the second polarity or more of the bonding surface _ the domain on the substrate, such that the exposure The second column group of the metal contact portion is connected to the second polarity, whereby the adjacent columns of the metal contact portions exposed on the back surface have opposite polarities, which contribute to the parallel spacing of the electrodes on the back surface. a conductor is connected to the respective column 'to connect the PV cell to a circuit. substantially all of the second row of groups is between adjacent first row groups such that the second plurality of exposed metal contact portions are tied to Interlaced in two orthogonal directions, this system For the first plurality of exposed metal contact portions, the first plurality of exposed metal contact portions may include portions of the first plurality of parallel spaced apart grid lines that extend across the back surface. The plurality of exposed metal contact portions may include portions of the second plurality of parallel spaced apart grid lines that extend across the back surface, the second plurality of grid lines being generally between the first plurality of grid lines. Each of the first and second plurality of ruled lines may have a width of between about 50 microns and about 15 microns and a height of between about 2 microns and about 15 microns. The device may further include a mask a mask line of the first and second plurality of ruled lines, the mask defining a covered area of the first and second plurality of ruled lines and an uncovered area, the uncovered cover of the mask The region defines the first and second rows and columns, and the exposed metal contact portion 201106490 is defined by the uncovered region of the mask. The mask may include lacquer and epoxy to The first plurality of exposed metal contact portions may include a first plurality of physically separated elongated metal segments 'arranged to extend across the first plurality of parallel spaced lines of the back surface to define the first a row group and a column group row group. The second plurality of exposed metal contact portions may include physically separated elongated metal segments of the second plurality Q, the segments being arranged to extend over the second back Parallelly spaced lines, the line of the second plurality of bars being generally between the first plurality of lines and defining a row group of the second row group and the column group. The first and second plurality of lines Each of the elongated metal segments may have a length of between about 1 mm and about 3 mm, a width of between about 5 microns and about 150 microns, and a height of about 2 microns to about the height of the meter. The lines are approximately equal in length to the length of the segments and a separation distance of about 0.5 mm to about 3 mm. The device may include an electrode extending across the back side of the first (9) cell: the electrode may include an electrically insulating film having a surface and an upper layer thereon, the device further comprising a first set of electrical conductors A parallel open relationship is embedded in the adhesive layer, wherein the first set of conductance systems are spaced apart and physically and indirectly transferred to the exposed metal contact portion of the first-pole column of the first _ρν cell. The electrode may further comprise a second set of electrical conductors that are embedded in the backing layer, the second conductive guiding system generally pointing with the conductor of the first set, and wherein the = 9 201106490 The conductor side of the collection is physically and electrically connected to the exposed metal contact portion of the respective columns of the second polarity on the first battery. The first set of electrical conductors can function as a first terminal for the second pv battery and the second set of conductors is a second terminal for the first cell. In accordance with still another aspect of the present invention, an apparatus is provided, including the first and second PV cells of the above type, and further comprising an electrode extending across the back of the first and second PV cells. The electrode may include an electrically insulating film having a surface and a subsequent layer on the surface. The electrode may further comprise - the first set of eight electrical conductors are separated by a flat (four) _ embedded in the adhesive layer. The electrical conductors are spaced apart and physically and electrically connectable to the exposed metal contact portions of the respective columns of the first polarity on the first Pv battery. The electrode may further include a second set of electrical conductors embedded in the parallel layer in a parallel manner. The second set of conductors is generally inconsistent with the first conductive guide. The second set of conductors may be spaced apart and physically and electrically connectable to exposed metal contact portions of the second polarity of the first pv battery and the second set of electrical conductors may be physically and electrically Connecting to the exposed metal contact portion of each of the towels associated with the first pole of the second PV cell to connect the first and second PV cells in series. The f pole may further include - the final conductance is combined with a parallel spacing P · embedding - (four), the final conductance - can be physically and electrically connected to the respective column of the second polarity on the second PV cell The exposed metal part of the exposure. The first and final sets of electrical conductors can function as the positive and negative terminals of the set of strings. According to another aspect of the present invention, a first, second, and third PV cell of the above-described type is included, and further includes an electrode extending across the 201106490 first, second, and third PV cells. The back. The electrode may comprise an electrically insulating film having a surface-to-layer layer on the surface and - the electrical conductors of the _ _ huahe are embedded in the parallel layer in parallel. The electrical conductors are spaced apart and physically and electrically connectable to the exposed metal contact portions of the respective columns of the first polarity on the first _pv battery. The electrode may further include a second set of electrical conductors embedded in the parallel layer in a parallel spaced relationship, the second set of conductors generally being indexed with the first set of conductors. The second set of conductors are spaced apart and physically and electrically connectable to the exposed metal contact portions of the respective columns of the second polarity on the (9) battery, and the second set of electrical conductors is more physically Electrically connected to the exposed metal contact portions of the first pole, the respective columns of the second pv battery, to connect the first and second pv cells in series. The electrode may further include a final set of electrical conductors embedded in the parallel layer in a parallel spaced relationship, the final set of electrical conductors being physically and electrically connectable to respective columns of the second polarity on the second PV cell The exposed metal contact portion. The electrode may further include a third set of electrical conductors embedded in the parallel layer in a parallel relationship, the third set of electrical conductors being physically and electrically connected to the second polarity of the second PV cell. The exposed metal contact portions of the respective columns, and the third set of electrical conductors are physically and electrically connected to the exposed metal contact portions of the respective columns of the first polarity on the second PV cell. The electrode may further include a final set of electrical conductors embedded in the parallel layer in a parallel spaced relationship, the final set of electrical conductors being physically and electrically connected to the third. ¥ The exposed metal contact portion of each column of the second polarity on the battery. The first and final sets of electrical conductors can function as the positive and negative terminals of the set of columns. 11 201106490 In accordance with this issue, another aspect is to provide a method for back-contact photovoltaic cells. The method includes forming a first plurality of exposed metal contact portions on a back side of a 4-grained substrate having a front side (four) on the back side and - or more semiconductor bonding faces, the bonding faces being one of the first polarities Or more joint-forming regions and one or more joint faces of the second polarity - forming (iv) material. (d) the exposed metal contact portion is spaced across the back surface in two orthogonal directions to present a first set of row and column groups on the back surface. The first plurality of exposed metal contact portions are electrically connected to the substrate To the first-polar- or U-joining-shaped domain to connect the first-column group with the first-polarity. The method further includes forming a second plurality of exposed metal contact portions spaced apart in the two orthogonal directions across the back surface, presenting a second set of row and column groups on the back side, and causing substantially all of the second column group Between adjacent first column groups' such that the second plurality of exposed metal contact portions are electrically connected to the second polarity - or more interface - forming regions on the substrate such that A second set of exposed metal contact portions is associated with the second polarity, whereby adjacent columns of exposed metal contact portions on the back side are of opposite polarity, facilitating parallel spacing of the electrodes on the back side Electrical conductors are connected to the respective columns to connect the PV cells to a circuit. Forming at least one of the first and second plurality of exposed metal contact portions may involve causing substantially all of the second set of rows to be between adjacent first sets, such that the second plurality of exposures The metal contact portions are staggered in the direction of the two straight parents, relative to the exposed metal contact portions of the first plurality. 12 201106490 Forming the first plurality of exposed metal contact portions may involve exposing a first plurality of portions of parallel spaced apart grid lines that extend across the back surface. Forming the second plurality of exposed metal contact portions may involve exposing a second plurality of portions of the parallel spaced apart grid lines, the equipotential lines extending across the back surface 'the second plurality of grid lines are generally between the first plurality Between the grid lines. Forming the first and second plurality of exposed metal contact portions, possibly involving Q and forming a grid line covering the first and second plurality of ruled lines, the mask defining the first and second plurality The covered area of the mask and the uncovered area define the first and second 'second rows and columns, the location of the exposed metal contact portion The uncovered area of the mask is defined. Forming the mask may involve applying at least one of a lacquer and an epoxy to the back side. Forming the first plurality of exposed metal contact portions, possibly involving forming a plurality of physically separated elongated metal segments, the segments being arranged in a first plurality of parallel __ lines extending across the back surface, the - A plurality of lines define the row of the first row group and the column group. Forming the second plurality of exposed metal contact portions may involve forming a second plurality of physically separate elongated metal segments, the segments being arranged in a plurality of parallel spaced apart lines extending across the back surface The second plurality of lines pass; ji is between the first plurality of lines and defines the second line group and the column group. An elongated metal segment of the yam- and _th-number lines may be 13 201106490 and may be formed into an elongated metal segment of the first and second plurality of lines such that the long metal piece may have - between about 1 mm and about 3 mm: 7 '丨 from a width of about 50 microns to about 150 microns, - a height from a large micron to about 15 microns, - along the lines about the same length as the length of the segment and the distance between ' And - a distance of about 5 mm to about 3 mm from the adjacent line. Inter-connector-PV cell-to-circuit, which may involve causing an adhesive of an electrical insulating film to adhere the film to a position on the back side such that a first set of conductances embedded in a parallel arrangement of layers The physical and electrical connection of the system to the exposed metal in the respective columns of the first-polarity of the first-PV battery, and the __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ The set of conductors is a second set of electrical conductors of the fingers that are physically and electrically connectable to the exposed metal contact portions of the respective columns of the second polarity on the first pvt cell. The first set of electrical conductors can function; the first terminal of the first PV cell and the second set of conductors can function as a second terminal for the first pv battery. In accordance with still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of fabricating an electrode for use in a plurality of back contact PV cells arranged in a mutually (four) group. The square goes to /V and the parallel spaced electrical conductors are perforated across the odd and even positions of the film, and the electrical conductors are embedded in an adhesive layer on an electrical insulating film to form odd and even number of perforated lines The lateral extension extends over the bribe, and the distance between the longitudinal and the longitudinal intervals is such that at least one Pv battery receiving region is defined between the adjacent odd and even perforated lines. The set of conductors includes a first set of conductors connected across an odd number 201106490 of the film, the first set of conductors extending from a first end of the film to a first PV cell receiving region of the at least one PV cell receiving region The method further involves a final set of conductors that are connected across the even position of the film, the final conductor assembly extending from the second end of the film to a final PV cell receiving region of the at least one PV cell receiving region. The at least one PV cell The receiving area may only include one p V battery receiving area, and the first PV battery receiving area and the final PV battery receiving area may be the same one. Including a sufficient number of odd and even perforation lines to define a plurality of interdigitated conductors between the first set and the final set of conductors and defining at least one intermediate PV cell receiving region at the first Between the pV battery receiving area and the last PV battery receiving area. In accordance with another aspect of the invention, a method of making a pV battery array is provided. The method involves placing a PV cell in a respective battery receiving of an electrode as described above. a region such that the exposed electrical contact portions of the first polarity on the back side of the PV cell are aligned and in contact with the conductors at odd locations and the exposure of the second polarity on the back side of the PV cell is coupled The array of electrical contacts is aligned and in contact with the conductors located at even locations. The method further involves debonding the adhesive on the electrode to the back of the Pv cell to ensure that the electrode is on the back of the PV cell In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, an electrode is provided for interconnecting a plurality of back contact PV cells into a series arrangement. The electrodes include an electrical An insulating film having a surface and having an adhesive layer thereon, and first and second opposite ends. The electrode further includes a first-collective electric (four), which is embedded in the adhesive layer, and is embedded in the adhesive layer. a column of exposed metal contact portions spaced apart from each other by a common polarity of the at least one bonding surface forming region of the PV cell. The first set of electrical conductors has a length longer than the series of columns The length of the first PV cell. The electrode further includes a plurality of sets of electrical conductors embedded in the parallel layer in a parallel spaced relationship and disposed longitudinally along the film, the plurality of electrical conductors being assembled to be equivalent to exposure The rows of metal contact portions are spaced apart from each other across the film, the exposed metal contact portions being associated with a common polarity of at least one of the junction-forming regions of the PV cell and with the conductors of adjacent conductor sets, wherein the respective conductors The set has a length corresponding to the length of about two PV cells in the series of columns and wherein at least one of the sets of conductors is longitudinally adjacent to the first set of conductors A film set. The electrode further includes a final set of electrical conductors embedded in the parallel layer in a parallel spaced relationship and spaced apart by a column corresponding to the exposed metal contact portions, the exposed metal contact portions being associated with at least one of the Pv cells The joint faces _ form a common polarity of the regions, wherein the conductors of the final set of electrical conductors have a length that is longer than the length of the last PV cell in the series of columns. The first set of conductors and the final set of conductors are each positioned at the first and second opposite ends of the film to assist in acting as the first and second terminals of the series train. The device made according to the embodiments described herein can reduce the manufacturing cost of the back contact PV cell 'because the use of less silver #, the result is the elimination of current collection from the grid line at the opposite edge of the PV cell. The 'subject' also reduces the size of the grid. For example, it is known that the power dissipation due to the conductor resistivity is proportional to the square of the length of the conductor. In the conventional back contact type battery 16 201106490, the length of the sig current collecting finger is usually about 125 mm in a 5-inch square battery or about 156 mm in a 6-inch square battery. The method and apparatus described herein can be used to reduce this length by at least 3 mm, typically corresponding to approximately half the distance between the conductors on the electrode. * The reduction in length reduces the amount of silver paste used to make the grid and improves the efficiency of the pv battery. The reduction in the length of the grid lines reduces the power consumption due to the grid lines by about 1252/32 = 1736 times. Q Using the apparatus and method described herein, the fabrication cost of the PV cell module can be reduced because the electrodes can be pre-manufactured and can be easily adhered to a plurality of appropriately oriented adjacent cells, such that the electrodes are The plurality of electrically conductive systems are physically and electrically attached to the plurality of exposed metal contact trowels on all of the pV cells in the set, as described below. The electrodes can be connected to adjacent ones of adjacent sets of columns, and the entire set of sets can be stacked by conventional vacuum lamination methods. Eliminate the traditional marking and assembly methods involving conventional soldering and eliminate the risks associated with localized heating that can cause breakage of the PV cell. The present invention described herein provides an improved method of concentrating current from a back contact pv cell to enhance efficiency, simplify the serial interconnection of the cells, and reduce manufacturing costs. Other aspects and features of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the <RTIgt; 17 201106490 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS A diagram illustrating an embodiment of the present invention,
係一承載有一遮罩之背面接觸式光伏打（PV)電 池基板之透視圖，依照本發明之一個實施例。 第2圖 係一根據美國專利編號第7, 468, 485號之習知 背面接觸式PV電池之橫載面圖。 g 3 K1 係一根據美國專利編號第7, 144, 751號之射極 穿透式背面接觸式PV電池的橫截面圖。 第 4 5] , ^ 係第1圖所示去除遮罩之該基板背面的透視圖。 圖係一基板之背面的透視圖，該基板係依照本發明 另一實施例，包括物理上分離的曝露的金屬接觸 部分，製備而得。 $ 6 ® 係一 PV模組的透視圖，該PV模組包括一個pV 電池和一個電極。 第7圖 係一 PV模組的上視圖，該PV模組包括2個PV 電池和一連接其等一起成串聯的電極。 第8圖係一 PV模組的上視圖，該pV模組包括3個pv 電池和一連接該3個PV電池一起成串聯的電極。 第9圖係一根據本發明一個實施例之電極的上視圖。 第10圖係一用於製造第9圖所示電極之方法的概要圖。 第11圖係一 PV模組的上視圖，該pv模組包括2個應用 此中所述之PV電池和電極的組列。 第12圖 係一互連方法之片斷上視圖，該方法用於將第 11圖中所示之pv電池的組列互連成一串聯。 18 201106490 【實施冷式】 較佳實施例之詳細說明 參見第1圖’顯示一背面接觸式光伏打（PV)電池裝置於 10 °該裝置10包括一結晶矽基板12，具有一用於接收光之 正面14’ 一相對該正面之背面16以及一種或更多種半導體接 合面’該些接合面係由第一極性之一或更多接合面-形成區 〇 域與第二極性之一或更多接合 面-形成區域界定。例如，參 - 見第2圖’該…電池裝置可能為2008年12月23日核准予史雲 、 生之美國專利編號第7, 468, 485號所描述之型態，其描述一 背面接觸式太陽電池，具有由第一和第二極性之接合面-形 成區域18和20界定之複數個半導體接合面，該接合面—形成 區域18和20指定為n+和p+可界定接合面22。參見第3圖，另 一範例’吉等人所有之美國專利編號第7,144, 751號描述 〇 射極穿透式（EWT)背面接觸式太陽電池，具有一接合面24， 由描述為n+和p+半導體物質之接合面—形成區域26和28之 界面界定。 第2和3圖所示之每一背面接觸式太陽電池具有複數個 格線或指狀物，以第4圖中所示之相似方式延伸越過該背面 16，其中交替的格線或指狀物係連接至相反極性之半導體 接合面-形成區域。例如，第一複數之格線3〇、32、34等連 接至n+接合面-形成區域且第二複數之格線31、33、35等 19 201106490 連接至p+接合面-形成區域。在第2圖所示之PV電池中，該 第一複數之格線30、32、34集合可以一相似於美國專利編 號第7, 339, 110號所揭之背-端方法形成，該方法藉由應用 一種晶層於該基板上去連接該第一複數之格線至該第一極 性諸如n+之接合面-形成區域。該第二複數之格線31、33、 35可以一相同於該第一複數個之方法形成，但係透過該基 板上之種晶層連接至該P+型接合面-形成區域。 在第3圖所示之EWT電池中，該第一複數之格線30' 32、 34係藉由該基板上一高摻雜之n++管56連接至該n+接合面-形成區域，且該第二複數之格線31、33、35係藉由該基板 上一高摻雜之p++區域64連接至該p+接合面-形成區域。該 第一和第二複數之格線之每一格線具有一介於大約50微米 至大約150微米之寬度，一大約2微米至大約15微米之高 度’以及一介於大約1毫米至5毫米之橫向間距。 通常，連接至該n+接合面-形成區域之所有格線係透過 匯流排或額外的金屬喷敷在該基板之一側邊緣來電氣連接 於一起’且連接至該p+接合面_形成區域之所有格線係透過 匯流排或額外的金屬喷敷在該基板之另一側邊緣來電氣連 接於一起。根據本發明此中所描述之實施例中，此於基板 之側邊緣上額外的金屬喷敷係故意地省略，且該第一和第 二複數之格線或指狀物30、32、34和31、33、35係如第4 圖中所示提供，也就是，每一格線係物理地分離並無連接 20 201106490 至該背面16上任何其他格線或匯流排或額外的金屬嘴敷。 此減少金屬喷敷之材料用量，因此改善背面鈍化並減少金 屬喷敷之成本以及金屬喷敷相關擴散之有害作用。 具有如第4圖所示之第 1吏用一 ------------ 背面接觸式PV電池，參見第丨圖，依照此中所描述實施例， 一遮罩4〇係形成於該背面16上，在所有格線之上，該些格 線包括該第一和第二複數格線之格線30、32、34和31、33、A perspective view of a back contact photovoltaic (PV) battery substrate carrying a mask, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a back contact PV cell according to the teachings of U.S. Patent No. 7,468,485. g 3 K1 is a cross-sectional view of an emitter-penetrating back contact PV cell according to U.S. Patent No. 7,144,751. 4th], ^ is a perspective view of the back side of the substrate from which the mask is removed as shown in FIG. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The Figure is a perspective view of the back side of a substrate prepared in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention comprising physically separated exposed metal contact portions. The $6® is a perspective view of a PV module that includes a pV battery and an electrode. Figure 7 is a top view of a PV module comprising two PV cells and an electrode connected in series. Figure 8 is a top view of a PV module including three pv cells and an electrode connected in series with the three PV cells. Figure 9 is a top plan view of an electrode in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing a method for manufacturing the electrode shown in Fig. 9. Figure 11 is a top view of a PV module comprising two sets of PV cells and electrodes as described herein. Figure 12 is a fragmentary top view of an interconnect method for interconnecting the bank columns of the pv cells shown in Figure 11 in a series. 18 201106490 [Implementation of Cold Mode] Referring to Figure 1 for a detailed description of a preferred embodiment, a back-contact photovoltaic (PV) cell device is shown at 10 °. The device 10 includes a crystalline germanium substrate 12 having a light for receiving light. The front side 14' is opposite the front side 16 of the front side and the one or more semiconductor joint surfaces 'the joint surfaces are formed by one or more joint faces of the first polarity - forming one of the regions and the second polarity or Multiple joint faces - forming regions are defined. For example, see Figure 2 of the 'Battery Device' for the type described in US Patent No. 7,468,485, issued December 23, 2008. The solar cell has a plurality of semiconductor bonding faces defined by bonding surface-forming regions 18 and 20 of the first and second polarities, the bonding regions - forming regions 18 and 20 being designated n+ and p+ to define the bonding surface 22. Referring to Fig. 3, another example of U.S. Patent No. 7,144,751, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, the entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire portion The interface of the semiconductor material - forming the interface between regions 26 and 28 is defined. Each of the back contact solar cells shown in Figures 2 and 3 has a plurality of grid lines or fingers that extend across the back surface 16 in a similar manner as shown in Figure 4, with alternating grid lines or fingers It is connected to a semiconductor junction-forming region of opposite polarity. For example, the first plurality of ruled lines 3〇, 32, 34, etc. are connected to the n+ joint face-forming region and the second plurality of ruled lines 31, 33, 35, etc. 19 201106490 is connected to the p+ joint face-forming region. In the PV cell shown in FIG. 2, the first plurality of grid lines 30, 32, 34 may be formed by a back-end method similar to that disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 7,339,110. The first plurality of ruled lines are connected to the substrate by applying a seed layer to the first polarity (such as n+). The second plurality of ruled lines 31, 33, 35 may be formed in the same manner as the first plurality of methods, but connected to the P+ type joint face-forming region through a seed layer on the substrate. In the EWT battery shown in FIG. 3, the first plurality of grid lines 30' 32, 34 are connected to the n+ junction-forming region by a highly doped n++ tube 56 on the substrate, and the The two complex grid lines 31, 33, 35 are connected to the p+ junction-forming region by a highly doped p++ region 64 on the substrate. Each of the first and second plurality of ruled lines has a width of between about 50 microns and about 150 microns, a height of from about 2 microns to about 15 microns, and a transverse direction of between about 1 mm and 5 mm. spacing. Typically, all of the grid lines connected to the n+ junction-forming region are electrically connected to each other through a bus bar or additional metal on one side edge of the substrate and are connected to all of the p+ junction surface forming regions The grids are electrically connected together by bus bars or additional metal spray on the other side edge of the substrate. In accordance with an embodiment of the invention described herein, the additional metal spray on the side edges of the substrate is intentionally omitted, and the first and second plurality of grid lines or fingers 30, 32, 34 and 31, 33, 35 are provided as shown in Figure 4, that is, each grid is physically separated from any other grid or busbar or additional metal nozzle on the back surface 16 from 20 201106490. This reduces the amount of material used for metal spraying, thereby improving backside passivation and reducing the cost of metal spray and the detrimental effects of metal spray-related diffusion. Having a first contact as shown in Fig. 4, a back contact PV cell, see the figure, in accordance with the embodiment described herein, a mask 4 Formed on the back surface 16, above the grid lines, the grid lines include the grid lines 30, 32, 34, and 31, 33 of the first and second plurality of grid lines.
35。該遮罩40可透過任何各種不同之方法形成，包括環氧 樹脂或漆之應用或其他適當的相容塗覆材料。該遮罩仙可 透過網版印刷、擠製、噴墨印刷、儒印刷或其他適當方 法被應用。該鮮4Q界定出該些格線之經覆蓋之區域以及未 經覆蓋之區域。該些未經覆蓋係排列成行與列，其中該 :著各別格線在第—方向41延伸，且該制在直交於該第 —方向之第二方向43延伸。未經覆蓋區域之行與列誕^第 -集合42係由„描述絲轉纽域讀糾 集合44係衫形所描述。該絲《絲域之實際形t ^要為_或方形1形上使關形和方形僅意圖去各 別地區分该未經覆蓋區域 之第一集合42和第二集合44。該 ^未經覆蓋區域之實際形狀可為，例如， 該些行之該些未經覆蓋 者 復蛊&域可以，例如，大約1毫米至大約 毫米之間_開。沿著該㈣之該些未經覆蓋區域可以大 約〇·5毫米至大約3毫米間隔開。 再回ij第1圖’由於麵⑽與該未經覆蓋區域之第一 〇合42,造成該未經覆蓋區域之第—集合遺留了該第^複 21 201106490 數之格線30、32、34之經曝露的第一複數之曝露的金屬接 觸部分。此種曝露的金屬接觸部分之一顯示為46。因為該 未經覆蓋區域之第一集合42之排列，由該遮罩4〇所提供， 該第一複數之曝露的金屬接觸部分（諸如46)係在兩直交方 向，稱作第一和第二方向41和43，越過該背面16間隔開， 位於該背面上之第一集合之行組52和列組54。由於該行與 列組之第一集合42之曝露的金屬接觸部分（諸如46)係該第 一複數之格線30、32、34之曝露的部分，其等因此在該基 板12上電氣地連接至該第一極性，在此實施例中該n+極 性’之一或更多接合面—形成區域也因此將該第一集合之行 組52與列組54與該第一極性連繫。 該未經覆蓋區域之第二集合44遺留了該第二組格線 31 ' 33、35之經曝露的第二複數之曝露的金屬接觸部分。 此種曝露的金屬接觸部分之一顯示為58。因為該未經覆蓋 區域之第二集合之排列’由該遮罩4〇所提供，該第二複數 之曝露的金屬接觸部分（諸如58)係在兩直交方向41和43越 過該背面16間隔開，位於第二集合之行組6〇和列組62，使 知·第一集合之實質上所有該列組62係於相鄰的該第一集合 之列組54之間。僅，例如，列組62之終端並無在相鄰的該 第一集合之列組之間，且通常上，此即為此段落中“實質 上所有”之意義。 該第二集合之行與列組6〇和62之曝露的金屬接觸部分 (諸如58)係該第二複數之格線31、33、35之曝露的部分， 因此於該基板12上電氣地連接至該第二極性，在此實施例 22 201106490 中即該p+極|±，之_或更多接合面形成區域。 因此’該第二集合列組6 2中該曝露的金屬接觸部分（諸 如58)係與該電池中接合面，成區域之第二極性連繫。有 效地’該遮罩4G提供未經覆蓋區域，其中連繫該第一極性 (n+)之曝is·的金屬接觸部分（諸如46)之列組係與連繫該第 二極性（P+)之曝露的金屬接觸部分（諸如58)之列組呈指 叉。結果，該背面16上曝露的金屬接觸部分46和58之相鄰 的列組54和62係相反極性。期望地，相鄰該基板第一側之 曝露的金屬接觸部分之列組係連繫該第一極性，且相鄰相 對於β亥第一側之第一側的曝露的金屬接觸部分之列組係與 該第二極性連繫。此有助於一電極上平行間隔開之電導體 連接至各別之列組，以助於如下述中該PV電池連接至一電 路。 第1圖所示之實施例中’該行組與列組之第二集合之實 質上所有行組60係於相鄰的該第一集合之行組52之間，使 得該第二複數之曝露的金屬接觸部分（諸如58)係相對於該 第一複數之曝露的金屬接觸部分（諸如46)於兩直交方向 和43上交錯。該曝露的金屬接觸部分之第一和第二複數之 曝露的金屬接觸部分（諸如46和58)係因此排列成棋盤式圖 案越過該背面16。 參見第5圖，一裝置’根據本發明之第二實施例’包括 一與第1和4圖所描述塑態相關之PV電池基板70，但以下除 外，即除去第1和4圖中所示之該些格線且以物理上分開之 曝露的金屬接觸部分76之第一和第二複數72和74取代。該 23 201106490 曝露的金屬接觸部分π之第一複數〃 上分開拉長形之金屬接觸片段，排歹^括—弟一複數物理 一複數平如__，界^分難=賴職背面第 之行組之第_集合78。 刀顿長形之金屬接觸片段 §亥曝露的金屬接觸部分第_ 物理上分開拉長形之金屬接二複:74包括-第二複數 面16第列成延伸越過該背 觸片段之4 線，界定出分開拉長形之金屬接 又之仃組之第二行集合8〇。 Η隔ρΪ複數74之Λ開的曝露的金屬接觸部分76係平行 之行蝴，與該曝露的金屬接觸部分之第―複⑽ 又，且相料該第—複數之行組78中的曝露 的金屬接觸部分呈交錯’因此該第—和第二複數72和74之 曝路的金屬接觸部分形成1盤式圖案越過該基板70之背 面16因此$分開之曝露的金屬接觸部分之第—和第二 複數72和74亦界定分開之曝露的金屬接觸部分之第一和第 一才曰叉平行間㈣列組82和84。如同先前，該第一和第二 列組82和84係電氣地連接至且因而連繫該基板刊之一半導 體接合面或數個半㈣接合面之各別的接合面-形成區 域’因此各別地連繫該接合面—形成區域之第—和第二極 性。更尤其是，該列組之第一集合82係連繫，例如，第一 極性諸如η+之接合φ-形成區域，且該顺之第三集合係 連繫’例如’第二極性諸如Ρ+之接合面-形成區域。 s玄第一和第-複數之每一分開拉長形的接觸金屬片段 具有-介於大41毫米至大約5毫米之長度…介於大約5〇 24 201106490 微米至大約150微米之寬度，一大約2微米至大約15微米之高 度，一沿著該行組大約等長於片段長度之間距，以及一距下 一相鄰行（相反極性）大約0. 5毫米至3毫米之間距。 當該基板70具有如第2圖中所示基板之型態，例如，該 第一和第二複數72和74之分開拉長形之金屬接觸片段可透 過網版印刷物理上分開之電接點膏的片段而非連續線（參 見第4圖）來形成於該背面上，然後擴散該膏進入該背面以 〇 使該基板70背面上交互極性之帶相接觸。其他施行該電接 點膏於物理上分開的片段之方法可替代性地被應用取代網 版印刷。 當該基板70具有如第3圖中所示基板之型態，例如，該 第和第二複數72和74之分開拉長形之金屬接觸片段可透 過加工該基板而形成於該背面上，如此該高摻雜n++管56係 於上述所指之連繫該曝露的金屬接觸部分76之第一複數72 的行與列圖案中，且使得該高摻雜p++區域64係於上述所指 〇 之連繫該曝露的金屬接觸部分76之第二複數74的行與列圖 案中。物理上分開的線片段然後以相同於該些格線之方式 成於各別向推雜n++管56和ρΉ區域64上，除了其等並非 第4圖中所示之連續線型態。 無論是使用第1圖相關描述之該遮罩4〇或者無論該曝 露的金屬接觸部分76係如第5圖中所示之物理上分開的曝 露的金屬接觸，結果係第一和第二複數曝露的金屬接觸部 刀排列成行組和列組，其中該第二複數行組和列組係相對 於該第—複數行組和列組呈交錯，且該第一複數之列組的 25 201106490 曝露的金屬接觸部分係連繫第一極性之至少一個接合面-形成區域，且該第二複數之列組的曝露的金屬接觸部分係 連繫該基板70上第二極性之至少一個接合面-形成區域。 參見第6圖，顯示一PV組列裝置，包括一第1圖中所示 型態之第一PV電池裝置10以及一電極100延伸越過該第一 PV電池裝置10之背面16。如同上述，該第一PV電池裝置10 具有該曝露的金屬接觸部分之第一行與列組52和54之集 合，且亦具有該曝露的金屬接觸部分之第二行與列組60和 62之集合。 該電極100包括一電氣絕緣膜102，具有一下側表面104 和其上之接著層106，以及一般顯示為108之電導體之第一 集合，其等以平行間隔開關係包埋於該接著層106。該些電 導體具有自該接著層突出且塗覆有一低熔點合金之部分， 使得其等能夠被加熱以及按壓於該些曝露的金屬接觸部分 之上，而基本上變成可焊接至該些曝露的金屬接觸部分， 並與之形成歐姆接觸。 在此實施例中，該些導體之第一集合108包括導體 110、112、114和116，其等間隔開並延伸越過該背面16， 與連繫曝露的金屬接觸部分之第一複數的列組54中曝露的 金屬接觸部分物理和電接觸。一般顯示為120之電導體之第 二集合係包埋於該接著層中，同樣以平行間隔開關係。該 些導體之第二集合120包括導體122、124、126和128,其等 通常與該第一集合108之導體110、112、114和116呈指叉。 該第二集合120之導體122、124、126和128係間隔開且係物 26 201106490 理與電氣地連接至連繫該曝露的金屬接觸部分之第二複數 的各別列62中曝露的金屬接觸部分。 在該所示之實施例中，該電氣絕緣膜1〇2具有一第一末 端部分101、一中間-部分103以及一第二末端部分105。該 電導體之第一集合108延伸越過該第一末端部分ιοί以及該 中間-部分103’且該電導體之第二集合12〇延伸越過該中間 -部分103以及該第二末端部分1〇5。該電導體之第一和第二 集合108和120係在該中間-部分1〇3呈指叉。該第一集合1〇8 之導體110、112、114和116具有連接至一金屬箔匯流排138 諸如鍍錫銅之遠端130、132、134和136，該些遠端設置於 該第一末端部分101之遠端邊緣且將該第一集合之所有導 體連接在一起。因此’該第一集合108之電導體110、112、 114和116以及匯流排138作用為該PV電池裝置1〇之第一終 端，該第一終端139係穿過該些導體電氣地連接至該pv電池 裝置10之第一極性的接合面-形成區域。 相似地，該導體之第二集合120之電導體122、124、126 和128具有遠端部分140、142、144和148連接至設置於該第 二末端部分105之遠端邊緣之第二金屬络匯流排146。該第 二金屬箔匯流排146將該第二集合120之所有導體122、 124、126和128連接在一起，因而作用為該第一PV電池裝置 10之第二終端147,連接至該PV電池10中第二極性之區域。 因此，該第一終端139可作用為該PV電池10之正極終端且該 第二終端147可作用為負極終端，當該PV電池10曝光，該正 極終端之電位比該負極終端更為正電。因此，該導體之第 27 201106490 一和第二集合108和120與連繫該PV電池裝置10之各別共同 的複數個接合面-形成區域合作，以一有助於該PV電池透過 各別之正極和負極終端139和147電連接至外部電路之便利 方式提供電連接。 參見第7圖，一根據本發明另一實施例之PV組列裝置， 一般顯示為150。該裝置150包括一第1或5圖相關之上述型 態的第一PV電池152以及一相同型態之第二PV電池154。該 第一和第二PV電池152和154無須完全相同。例如，該第一 PV電池152可能為第1圖相關敘述之型態且該第二PV電池 154可能為第5圖相關敘述之型態。 該第一PV電池152具有曝露的金屬接觸部分之第一和 第二集合156和158，排列成第一和第二集合之行組與列組 160、162和164、166。該第一集合之所有列組162係與第一 極性諸如n+之接合面-形成區域連繫，且該第二集合之所有 列組166係與該第一PV電池152上第二極性諸如p+之接合面 _形成區域連繫。 該第二PV電池154具有曝露的金屬接觸部分之第一和 第二集合176和178，排列成第一和第二集合之行組與列組 180、184和182、186。該第一集合之所有列組184與第一極 性（諸如η+)之接合面-形成區域連繫，且該第二集合178之 所有列組186係與第二極性（諸如p+)之接合面-形成區域連 繫。需注意到該第二PV電池154之曝露的金屬接觸部分之第 一和第二集合176和178係與比該第一pv電池152之接合面-形成區域相反極性之接合。由於該第一和第二PV電池152、 28 201106490 154將被一般地形成，使得該些曝露的金屬接觸部分在第一 和第二方向具有相同間距’和使得該列組162之第一集合 156在一方向上具有一列157相鄰該PV電池之右手側邊緣且 該列組166之第二集合158具有一列159相鄰該PV電池之左 手側。此可使該第二PV電池154具有一方向，其中其相對於 該第一PV電池152旋轉180度’造成該第一PV電池152上第二 集合158之列組166自動地與該第二PV電池154上第一集合 176之列組184對齊。 該PV組列150更包括一相似於第6圖中相關描述之電極 192，其中該電極包括一膜194，具有一第一末端部分196、 一第一中間-部分198、一第二中間-部分200和一第二末端 部分202。該膜194具有一表面204，面向該第一和第二pv 電池152和154之背面16’且該表面具有接著劑206散佈於該 整個表面上。 該電極192更包括複數個平行間隔開、包埋於接著劑 206中之電導體，且該些導體包括第一集合208之電導體， 間隔開以對準連繫該第一PV電池152上第一極性（n+)之曝 露的金屬接觸部分之列組162。此電導體之第一集合208延 伸越過該第一末端部分196和該第一中間-部分198。 該電極192更包括電導體之第二集合210，間隔開以對 準連繫該第一PV電池152上第二極性（p+)之曝露的金屬接 觸部分之列組166。此電導體之第二集合210延伸越過該第 一中間-部分198和該第二中間-部分200，並將連繫第一pv 電池152上第二極性（p+)之列組166中曝露的金屬接觸部分 29 201106490 連接至連繫弟·一PV電池154上第一極性n+之列組184之曝露 的金屬接觸部分。 該電極192更包括電導體之第三集合212，間隔開以對 準連繫該第二PV電池154上第二極性（p+)之曝露的金屬接 觸部分之列組186。此電導體之第三集合212延伸越過該第 一中間-部分2〇〇和該第二末端部分2Q2。 將可瞭解到該第一集合208之電導體係電氣地連接至 連繫該第一PV電池152中第一極性之各別列組162中之曝露 的金屬接觸部分，並自該第一末端部分延伸至不超過第一 PV電池之一點。該第二集合210之電導體係連接至連繫該第 一PV電池152上第一極性之各別列組166中之曝露的金屬接 觸部分以及連接至連繫該第二pv電池154上第一極性之各 別列組184中之曝露的金屬接觸部分，因此將該第一和第二 PV電池連接在一起成一串聯。 該第三集合212之電導體係電氣地連接至連繫該第二 PV電池154上苐二極性之各別列組186中之曝露的金屬接觸 部分’並延伸至該電極192之第二末端部分2〇2。 該電極192更包括第一和第二匯流排22〇和222，其等在 此實施例中包括金屬箔之長度，透過例如接著劑206固定至 s玄膜194。該第一和第三集合208和212之電導體之末端部分 係各別連接至第一和第二匯流排220和222。因此，該第一 和第一匯流排2 2 0和2 2 2作用為該P V組列15 0之第一和第二 終端或正極和負極終端，並可使該PV模組連接至一外部電 路。 30 201106490 參見第8圖，一根據本發明另一實施例之PV組列裝置， 一般顯示為250。該裝置250包括第7圖所示之第一和第二pv 電池152和154，亦包括第三PV電池，一般顯示為252。該第 三PV電池252具有曝露的金屬接觸部分之第一和第二集合 254和256，排列成第一和第二集合之行組和列組258、260 和262、264。該第一集合254之所有列組260與第一極性（諸 如n+)之接合面-形成區域連繫，且該第二集合256之所有列 組264係與第二極性（諸如P+)之接合面-形成區域連繫。需 注意到該第三PV電池252之曝露的金屬接觸部分之第一和 第二集合254和256係與該第二PV電池154相反極性之接合 面-形成區域且與該第一PV電池152相同極性之接合面-形 成區域連繫。此可被達成’例如，藉由簡易地旋轉該第三 PV電池252，以將連繫該第二PV電池152上第二極性之行組 中的曝露的金屬接觸部分之列組186與連繫該第三PV電池 252上第一極性之列組260中之曝露的金屬接觸部分對準。 該裝置250更包括一相同於第7圖所示之電極192的電 極270，包括一電氣絕緣膜271，該膜具有一部分272，包括 第一末端部分196、第一中間-部分198和第二中間-部分 200。該電極270更包括一延伸越過該第三pv電池252之第三 中間-部分273和一終端部分275。該電極270更包括第7圖所 示之該電導體之第一、第二和第三集合208、210和212，然 而在此實施例中，該第三集合212之電導體係連接至連繫該 第三PV電池252上第一極性之列組26〇中之各別的曝露的金 屬接觸部分’並沿著該膜271自該第二pv電池154延伸至不 31 201106490 超過該第三PV電池252。該電導體之第三集合212因此串聯 該第二和第三PV電池154和252。 該電極270更包括電導體之第四集合274，間隔開以對 準連繫該第三PV電池252上第二極性（p+)之曝露的金屬接 觸部分之列組264。此電導體之第四集合274延伸越過該第 三中間-部分273和該終端部分275。 將可瞭解到該第一集合208之電導體係電氣地連接至 連繫該第一PV電池152上第一極性之各別列組162中之曝露 的金屬接觸部分，並自該第一末端部分196延伸至不超過第 一PV電池之一點。該第二集合210之電導體係連接至連繫該 第一PV電池152上第二極性之各別列組166中之曝露的金屬 接觸部分以及連接至連繫該第二PV電池154上第一極性之 各別列組184中之曝露的金屬接觸部分，因此將該第一和第 二PV電池串聯在一起。 該第三集合212之電導體係電氣地連接至連繫該第二 PV電池154上第二極性之各別列組186中之曝露的金屬接觸 部分，並延伸越過該第三PV電池252，以連接連繫該第三PV 電池上第一極性之列組260中之曝露的金屬接觸部分，並因 此串聯該第二和第三PV電池154和252。該第四集合274之電 導體係電氣地連接至連繫該第三PV電池252上第二極性之 列組264中之曝露的金屬接觸部分並延伸至該終端部分 275。 該電極270更包括第一和第二匯流排280和282，其等在 此實施例中包括如上述第7圖相關之金屬箔之長度。該第一 32 201106490 和第四集合208和274之電導體之末端部分係各別連接至第 一和第二匯流排280和282。因此，該第一和第二匯流排280 和282作用為§亥PV模組裝置250之第一和第二終端或正極和 負極終端’並可使該PV模組連接至一外部電路。 應該注意到一個、兩個和三個pV電池之pv組列已經被 描述於第6、7和8圖中，且藉由使用一適當長度之電極，任 何數目之PV電池可間易地藉由使用一適當長度之電極被串 聯在一起，並包括導體之集合以提供第一終端部分、藉由 將連繫PV電池上第二極性之列組中之曝露的金屬接觸部分 與連繫下一PV電池上第一極性之列組中之曝露的金屬接觸 部分連接來將各別相鄰對的PV電池連接在一起、並去包括 第二終端部分。使用該第一和第二終端部分然後該？乂模組 可被連接至一外部電路。 參見第9圖，一電極，在較普遍觀感下，用於互連複數 個背面接觸式PV電池成一串聯組列，一般顯示為3〇〇 ^通常 該電極300包括一電氣絕緣膜302，具有一表面304並有一接 著層306於其上，以及第一和第二相反末端3〇8和31〇。電導 體之第一集合312之以平行間隔開關係、以一相當於連繫該 PV電池上至少一接合面-形成區域之共同極性的曝露的金屬 接觸部分之列間距的間距包埋於該接著層3〇6中。該電導體 之弟一集合312具有一長度314長於串聯組列中第一個pv電 池的長度316。 該電極300亦包括至少一組電導體集合321以平行間隔 開關係包埋於該接著層3 0 6，且沿著該膜30 2以一相當於連繫 33 201106490 該pv電池上至少一接合面-形成區域之第二共同極性的曝露 的金屬接觸部分之列間距的間距越過該膜縱向地設置，並與 相鄰導體集合之導體呈指叉，其中一導體集合係顯示如 326。該些導體之部分係塗覆有一低熔點合金且自該接著層 306突出。 各別導體之集合群具有一長度322相當於串聯組列中 大約兩個PV電池之長度324。該些導體之至少一集合（326) 係於該膜302上之一位置縱向地相鄰的該些導體之第一集 合312。該電極3〇〇亦包括一電導體之最終集合328，以平行 間隔開關係、以一相當於連繫該PV電池上至少一接合面-形 成區域之第二共同極性的曝露的金屬接觸部分之列間距的 間距包埋於該接著層306中。該導體之最終集合328具有一長 度330長於串聯組列中最終一個pv電池的長度332。該導體之 第一集合312和該導體之最終集合328係定位於該膜302之 第一和第二相反末端308和310以助於作用為串聯組列之第 一和第二電終端。將可意會到複數個任何數目之中間集合 之導體可以上述指叉和縱向地間隔開模式被設置，以製造 一用於將任何數目之PV電池串聯在一起之電極。 參見第10(a) - 10(c)圖，一製造電極，諸如第9圖所示 之該電極’之方法，係一般顯示於340。參見第10(a)圖， 該方法涉及形成一般顯示為342之基板，係藉由包埋複數個 平行間隔開金屬線344於一電氣絕緣膜348上之接著層346 中’使得該些金屬線之部分350自該接著層突出。該些金屬 線係以一相當於該些PV電池上相鄰列間之距離的距離間隔 34 201106490 開，其上該些電極係計畫被使用。 一大範圍之材料可被用於該電氣絕緣膜34 8以及該接 著層，如魯賓等人所有之於2008年10月7曰核准之美國專利 編號第7, 432, 438號中所述。 該些金屬線344係塗覆有一低熔點之合金且自該膜348 之第一末端352延伸至該膜之第二末端354。該合金可為任 何複數個普通焊料或如魯賓等人所有之於2008年10月7曰 核准之美國專利編號第7, 432, 438號中所述之特殊發展出 〇 ^ 之焊料。 ' 第一和第二金屬箔帶356和358係各別地配置於該第一 - 和第二末端352和354，且置於該些金屬線344之上並與之接 觸，以作用為第一和第二匯流排或終端。自該第一末端352 至該第二末端354之膜長度係根據PV電池之數目以及其等 間之間距設定，於其上該製成電極係意圖去跨越該長度以 將該些PV電池連接一起成串聯組列。在所示之實施例中， 該電極具有一長度（L)，該長度可根據下列關係式測定： ❹ L= n* (s+w)+a*s， 其中： η係電極意圖連接之PV電池數目， s係PV電池間之間距， w係一個PV電池之寬度；且 a係介於2和4之間之一數目。 35 201106490 該關係式中可變之“a”提供一便利途徑來慮及在該 膜348之相反末端之額外的長度，以允許該些匯流排被定 位遠離在該組列相反末端之PV電池，以助於連接至相鄰的 組列或外部電路。當然一較大之數目將可允許較長長度之 膜於該膜348之相反末端且一較小之數目將可允許較短長 度之膜於該膜348之相反末端。 在該基板342已經如第10(a)圖相關描述製備後，參 見第10(b)圖，該基板具有第一、第二、第三、第四、第五、 第六條等平行金屬線。更一般地，其具有奇數編號之金屬 線360 ’如第一、第三、第五等以及偶數編號之金屬線祁2， 如第一'第四、第六等。在第10(b)圖中，該基板342受到 一打孔作業，其中該膜348係透過複數個間隔開之打孔器 364被同時地打孔，該些打孔器係於一集合之間隔開的打孔 頭上，該些打孔頭包括奇數排和偶數排打孔頭366和368。 於該奇數排打孔頭366 Ji，該些打孔器係間隔開以與該奇 數編號之金屬線360對準，且於該偶數排打孔頭368上， 該打孔器係間隔開以與該偶數編號之金屬線362對準。該 奇數和偶數排打孔頭366和368係藉由一致動器37〇連接 在一起，該致動器在一作業中同時地驅動所有之奇數和偶 數排打孔頭同時穿過該些金屬線344和膜348，以各別創 造複數個奇數和偶數排間隔開之打孔線，—般顯示為奶 和374。該些奇數和偶數排打孔頭366和368以及因此該 些打孔線372和374係相對彼此間隔開一距離，可依據下 列關係式計算此距離： 36 201106490 s+w 其中： S係該些PV電池間之間距；且 W係一個PV電池之寬度。 該些奇數和偶數排打孔線372和374界定出PV電池接 收區域，也界定出上述不同集合之金屬線。在此實施例中， 該PV電池接收區域包括一第一 PV電池接收區域371、複數 個中間的PV電池接收區域373、以及一最終PV電池接收區 域375。該些奇數排打孔線372係相互沿著該膜348以公 式2(s+w)定義之距離間隔開，且該些偶數排打孔線374亦 沿著該膜以公式2(s+w)定義之距離間隔開，但卻穿插在該 些奇數排打孔線之間的位置。此外，該些奇數和偶數排打 孔頭366和368之尺寸大小相同，且在此實施例中為圓形， 具有一直徑稍為大於相鄰PV電池之間距，以確保無任何機 會使得自一集合金屬線之任何金屬線與非意圖被接觸之pv 電池接觸。尤其是，由該打孔器切斷之該些金屬線之末端 係充分地與相鄰PV電池的邊緣間隔開，以避免當加熱和層 壓時不經意的電逃過其等之邊緣。 在打孔作業開始之前，該膜348係相對於該些打孔頭 對齊，使得該奇數和偶數排打孔頭366和368之集合係大 致地沿著該膜348縱向地居中。該膜348係期望地在面向 上之方位被打孔，其中，當該打孔作業開始時該膜之接 37 201106490 著劑側係面向該些打孔頭366和368。 該打孔作業有效地打孔複數個平行間隔開之電導體， 如此一來，金屬線344包埋於該電氣絕緣膜348上之接著 層346中’在越過該膜之奇數和偶數位置，以形成奇數和 偶數排打孔線372和374延伸橫向越過該膜，在沿著該膜 縱向間隔開之間距上阻斷該些導體，因而沿著該膜創造複 數個導體集合’並於相鄰的奇數和偶數打孔線之間界定出 至少一個PV電池接收區域375。無論該電極多長，其總是 包括連繫越過該膜奇數位置之導體之第一集合（36〇)，該導 體之第一集合自§亥膜之第一末端352延伸至該至少一個pv 電池接收區域之第一 PV電池接收區域371 ,以及連繫越過 該膜偶數位置之導體之末端集合（362)，該導體之末端集合 自該膜之第二末端354延伸至該至少一個pv電池接收區域 之最終PV電池接收區域375。 當該電極被用於電連至唯一一個PV電池時，該電極上 之至少一個PV電池接收區域將包括如第6圖377所示之唯 —一個PV電池接收區域，且該PV電池接收區域將基本上 作用為該第一 PV電池接收區域和該最終PV電池接收區 域。該第一和最後PV電池接收區域因此在此例中為同一 個，在此該電極被啟動去連接至唯--個PV電池時。 為使一電極與複數個PV電池合併使用如第9和 WUMc)圖所示’一充足數量之奇數和偶數排打孔線係於 該電極上製造，以於該些導體之第一集合和末端集合之間 界定出複數個導體之指叉集合，並於該第一 pv電池接收區 38 201106490 域371和該敢終PV電池接收區域375之間界定出至少一個 中間的PV電池接收區域373。該PV電池接收區域之數目端 視乎該電極意圖去連接在一起之Pv電池之數目。 參見第10(c)圖，在該奇數和偶數排打孔線372和374 已經於該膜348和金屬線344中形成以及伴隨著該膜之接 著劑側面向上後，PV電池38〇、382、384、386和388係 置於β亥膜上，背面向下，以交替地相反方向位於該Μ電池 接收區域，使得上述該第一和第二複數個曝露的接觸部分 對弘並和金屬線之各別集合物理與電氣地接觸同時使得 該接著劑固定該膜至該些PV電池之背面。 δ亥些PV電池380-388因此藉由該電極物理與電氣地連 接在一起成一串聯組列，且可放置和連接至一 ”模組中相 鄰的相似形態之組列，並透過加熱和印壓被層壓，此更固 定该接著劑和熔化該低熔點合金成以焊接金屬線之集合至 各別之PV電池，從而確保金屬線之良好固性電連接至該曝 露的金屬接觸點以及匯流排。 參見第11圖，一 PV模組一般顯示為400 ’包括兩串 聯組列，應用第9圖相關描述型態之電極且根據第1〇圖所 不之方法製造。該PV模組包括第一組列402和第二組列 404。每—組列具有第一和最終PV電池406和408於該組 列中’且具有—各別正極和負極終端412和414，每一各 别屬鎢帶411和413組成。該第一和第二組列402 和404係相同的除了該第二組列404係與該第一組列相差 18 0度疋向，且以平行間隔開關係肩並肩放置。該第一組列 39 201106490 402之負極終端414係連接至該第二組列之正極終端d 該連接係藉由-小片金屬顯示如42G透過各別地焊接該 金屬荡至在該第-和第二組列4〇2和4〇4之末端的金屬= 帶。該第-和第二組列· # 4Q4因此連接成—串聯且該 第一組列之正極終端412作用為該整個模組之正極終端了 相似地’該第二組列4 〇 4之負極終端4】4作用為該整個模 組之負極終端。 、 參見第12圖，當成該額外的金屬箔（第11圖中所示之 42〇)之一替代物’各別地在該第一和第二組列402和404 之末端的金屬羯帶411 _ 413可延伸，使得其之部分422 和424延伸越過該第_和第二組列他和綱之各別相鄰 的邊緣426和428，因而重疊一低溶點之合金可被施用 :重疊部分422和424之間，使用傳統的方法，使得該第 —和第二組列402 # 404可透過加熱和印壓被層疊於保護 片之間，該加熱和印討造成該重疊部分422和424之間 之低炫點合金炫化並將該重疊部分422和424焊接在-起。此簡化PV模組之製造。 此中所描述之所有例子中，該PV電池係背面接觸式， 因此相關之電極和電導體係於用於該PV模組中該PV電池 之背面，因此並無遮蔽該PV電池之正面。 雖然本發明之& + 将夂實把例已被描述及說明，該些實施 ^應該被認為僅用於示範本發明麟如隨據下列申請 專利範圍所解釋限定本發明。 40 201106490 【圖式簡單說明】 說明本發明之實施例的圖式， 第1圖 係一承載有一遮罩之背面接觸式光伏打（PV)電 池基板之透視圖，依照本發明之一個實施例。 第2圖 係一根據美國專利編號第7,468，485號之習知 背面接觸式PV電池之橫截面圖。 第3圖 係一根據美國專利編號第7, 144, 751號之射極 穿透式背面接觸式PV電池的橫截面圖。 第4圖 係第1圖所示去除遮罩之該基板背面的透視圖。 第5圖 係一基板之背面的透視圖，該基板係依照本發明 另一實施例，包括物理上分離的曝露的金屬接觸 部分，製備而得。 第6圖 係一 PV模組的透視圖，該PV模組包括一個PV 電池和一個電極。 第7圖 係一 PV模組的上視圖，該PV模組包括2個PV 電池和一連接其等一起成串聯的電極。 第8圖 係一 PV模組的上視圖，該PV模組包括3個PV 電池和一連接該3個PV電池一起成串聯的電極。 第9圖 係一根據本發明一個實施例之電極的上視圖。 第10圖係一用於製造第9圖所示電極之方法的概要圖。 第11圖係一 PV模組的上視圖，該PV模組包括2個應用 此中所述之PV電池和電極的組列。 第12圖 係一互連方法之片斷上視圖，該方法用於將第11 圖中所示之PV電池的組列互連成一串聯。 41 201106490 【主要元件符號說明】 10 背面接觸式光伏打（PV) 列組之第二集合 電池裝置 46 曝露的金屬接觸部分 12 基板 52 第一集合之行組 14 正面 54 第一集合之列組 16 背面 56 n++管 18 接合面_形成區域 58 曝露的金屬接觸部分 20 接合面_形成區域 60 第二集合之行組 22 接合面 62 第二集合之列組 24 接合面 64 P++區域 26 接合面-形成區域 70 基板 28 接合面_形成區域 72 曝露的金屬接觸部分 30 第一複數之格線 之第一複數 31 第二複數之格線 74 曝露的金屬接觸部分 32 第一複數之格線 之第二複數 33 第二複數之格線 76 曝露的金屬接觸部分 34 第一複數之格線 78 行組之第一集合 35 第二複數之格線 80 行組之第二行集合 40 遮罩 82 列組之第一集合 41 第一方向 84 列組之第二集合 42 未經覆蓋區域之行與 100 電極 列組之第一集合 101 第一末端部分 43 第二方向 102 電氣絕緣膜 44 未經覆蓋區域之行與 103 中間-部分 42 20110649035. The mask 40 can be formed by any of a variety of different methods, including epoxy or lacquer applications or other suitable compatible coating materials. The mask can be applied by screen printing, extrusion, ink jet printing, Confucian printing or other suitable methods. The fresh 4Q defines the covered areas of the grid lines as well as the uncovered areas. The uncovered lines are arranged in rows and columns, wherein: the respective ruled lines extend in the first direction 41 and the system extends in a second direction 43 that is orthogonal to the first direction. The line-and-column of the uncovered area is described by the description of the silk-to-new-field reading correction set 44. The actual shape of the silk "t ^ is _ or square 1 The closing and square are only intended to separate the first set 42 and the second set 44 of the uncovered areas. The actual shape of the uncovered area may be, for example, the lines of the The cover retracement & field can, for example, be between about 1 mm and about MM. The uncovered areas along the (4) can be spaced apart from about 5 mm to about 3 mm. 1 'Because the face (10) and the first untwisted area 42 are combined, the first set of uncovered areas leaves the exposed lines of the 30, 32, 34 lines of the 201106490 number a first plurality of exposed metal contact portions. One of the exposed metal contact portions is shown as 46. Because the arrangement of the first set 42 of uncovered regions is provided by the mask 4, the first plurality The exposed metal contact portion (such as 46) is in two orthogonal directions, called first and Directions 41 and 43 are spaced across the back side 16 and are located on the back side of the first set of rows 52 and columns 54. Due to the exposed metal contact portions of the first set 42 of rows and columns (such as 46) The exposed portion of the first plurality of grid lines 30, 32, 34, which are thus electrically connected to the first polarity on the substrate 12, in this embodiment one or more of the n+ polarity 'junctions The face-forming region thus also links the first set of row groups 52 and column groups 54 to the first polarity. The second set 44 of uncovered regions leaves the second set of grid lines 31 ' 33, 35 The exposed second plurality of exposed metal contact portions. One of the exposed metal contact portions is shown as 58. Because the arrangement of the second set of uncovered regions is provided by the mask 4 The second plurality of exposed metal contact portions (such as 58) are spaced apart across the back surface 16 in two orthogonal directions 41 and 43 and are located in the second set of rows 6 and columns 62, so that the essence of the first set is All of the column groups 62 are between adjacent ones of the first set of columns 54 Only, for example, the terminal of column group 62 is not between adjacent sets of columns of the first set, and generally, this is the meaning of "substantially all" in this paragraph. The exposed metal contact portions (such as 58) of the column groups 6A and 62 are exposed portions of the second plurality of grid lines 31, 33, 35, and thus electrically connected to the second polarity on the substrate 12, In this embodiment 22, 201106490, the p+ pole|±, or more or more of the joint forming regions. Thus the exposed metal contact portion (such as 58) in the second set of columns 6 2 is bonded to the battery. The surface is connected to the second polarity of the region. Effectively 'the mask 4G provides an uncovered area in which the metal contact portion (such as 46) of the first polarity (n+) is connected. The set of metal contact portions (such as 58) that are exposed to the second polarity (P+) are in the form of a finger. As a result, the adjacent column groups 54 and 62 of the metal contact portions 46 and 58 exposed on the back surface 16 are of opposite polarity. Desirably, the array of exposed metal contact portions adjacent to the first side of the substrate is coupled to the first polarity, and adjacent to the exposed metal contact portions of the first side of the first side of the β-hai Is associated with the second polarity. This facilitates the parallel spacing of the electrical conductors on one of the electrodes to the respective sets of columns to assist in connecting the PV cell to a circuit as described below. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, substantially all of the row groups 60 of the second set of row groups and column groups are between adjacent row groups 52 of the first group, such that the second plurality of exposures The metal contact portions (such as 58) are staggered in two orthogonal directions and 43 relative to the first plurality of exposed metal contact portions (such as 46). The first and second plurality of exposed metal contact portions (such as 46 and 58) of the exposed metal contact portion are thus arranged in a checkerboard pattern across the back surface 16. Referring to Fig. 5, a device 'second embodiment according to the present invention' includes a PV cell substrate 70 associated with the plastic state described in Figures 1 and 4, except for the following, except that the first and fourth figures are removed. The grid lines are replaced by first and second plurality 72 and 74 of physically separated exposed metal contact portions 76. The 23 201106490 exposed metal contact part π of the first plural 〃 on the elongated metal contact fragment, 歹 歹 — 弟 弟 弟 弟 弟 弟 弟 物理 物理 物理 物理 物理 物理 物理 物理 物理 物理 物理 = = = = = The _set 78 of the row group. Metal contact segment of the knife-shaped elongated metal contact portion of the exposed surface - physically separated elongated metal joints: 74 includes - the second plurality of faces 16 are arranged to extend beyond the line of the back contact segment, The second row set 8〇 of the group of metal joints that are separated and elongated is defined. The exposed metal contact portion 76 of the plurality of slits 74 is parallel, and the first and second portions of the contact portion with the exposed metal are again exposed, and the exposed portions of the first and second plurality of rows 78 are received. The metal contact portions are staggered' such that the exposed metal contact portions of the first and second plurality 72 and 74 form a disc pattern over the back surface 16 of the substrate 70 and thus the first and second exposed metal contact portions are - and The two complex numbers 72 and 74 also define the first and first chop parallel (4) column sets 82 and 84 of the separate exposed metal contact portions. As before, the first and second sets of columns 82 and 84 are electrically connected to, and thus to, the respective semiconductor face or the plurality of half (four) joint faces of the substrate. It is additionally connected to the joint surface - the first to form the region - and the second polarity. More particularly, the first set 82 of the set of columns is linked, for example, a first polarity such as η+'s joint φ-forming region, and the third set is tied to a 'second' polarity such as Ρ+ Joint face - forming area. Each of the first and first-complex-separated elongated contact metal segments has a length ranging from 41 mm to about 5 mm... between about 5〇24 201106490 microns to a width of about 150 microns, an approx. A height of from 2 micrometers to about 15 micrometers, one along the row group is approximately equal to the length of the segment length, and one distance from the next adjacent row (the opposite polarity) is approximately zero. 5 mm to 3 mm distance. When the substrate 70 has the form of the substrate as shown in FIG. 2, for example, the separately elongated metal contact segments of the first and second plurality 72 and 74 can be physically separated by screen printing. A segment of the paste, rather than a continuous line (see Figure 4), is formed on the back side, and then the paste is diffused into the back side to bring the strips of alternating polarity on the back side of the substrate 70 into contact. Other methods of applying the electrical contact paste to physically separate segments may alternatively be replaced by screen printing. When the substrate 70 has the shape of the substrate as shown in FIG. 3, for example, the separately elongated metal contact segments of the second and second plurality 72 and 74 can be formed on the back surface by processing the substrate, The highly doped n++ tube 56 is in the row and column pattern of the first plurality 72 associated with the exposed metal contact portion 76 as described above, and the highly doped p++ region 64 is attached to the above-mentioned The row and column patterns of the second plurality 74 of the exposed metal contact portions 76 are associated. The physically separated line segments are then formed on the respective n++ tubes 56 and ρ Ή regions 64 in the same manner as the grid lines, except that they are not continuous line patterns as shown in Fig. 4. Whether the mask 4 is described in relation to FIG. 1 or whether the exposed metal contact portion 76 is physically separated exposed metal contact as shown in FIG. 5, the result is the first and second plurality of exposures. The metal contact knives are arranged in a row group and a column group, wherein the second plurality of row groups and column groups are staggered with respect to the first plurality of row groups and column groups, and the first plurality of column groups are exposed by 201106490 The metal contact portion is coupled to at least one of the first surface polarity-forming region, and the exposed metal contact portion of the second plurality of columns is tied to at least one of the second polarity on the substrate 70 - forming region . Referring to Figure 6, a PV array device is shown comprising a first PV cell device 10 of the type shown in Figure 1 and an electrode 100 extending across the back side 16 of the first PV cell device 10. As with the above, the first PV cell device 10 has a first row and a set of columns 52 and 54 of the exposed metal contact portions, and also has a second row and column groups 60 and 62 of the exposed metal contact portions. set. The electrode 100 includes an electrically insulating film 102 having a lower side surface 104 and an overlying layer 106 thereon, and a first set of electrical conductors, generally shown as 108, embedded in the parallel layer 106 in parallel spaced apart relationship. . The electrical conductors have portions extending from the backing layer and coated with a low melting point alloy such that they can be heated and pressed against the exposed metal contact portions, and substantially become solderable to the exposed portions The metal contacts the portion and forms an ohmic contact therewith. In this embodiment, the first set of conductors 108 includes conductors 110, 112, 114, and 116 that are equally spaced apart and extend across the back surface 16 to form a first plurality of column groups of contact with the exposed metal. The metal contact portion exposed in 54 is in physical and electrical contact. A second collection of electrical conductors, generally shown as 120, is embedded in the subsequent layer, also in parallel spaced apart relationship. The second set 120 of conductors includes conductors 122, 124, 126, and 128 that are generally in the form of a finger with conductors 110, 112, 114, and 116 of the first set 108. The conductors 122, 124, 126, and 128 of the second set 120 are spaced apart and the contacts 26 are electrically and electrically connected to the exposed metal contacts in the second plurality of respective columns 62 that are associated with the exposed metal contact portions. section. In the illustrated embodiment, the electrically insulating film 1 2 has a first end portion 101, a middle portion 103, and a second end portion 105. A first set 108 of electrical conductors extends across the first end portion ιοί and the intermediate portion 103' and a second set 12 of the electrical conductors extends past the intermediate portion 103 and the second end portion 1〇5. The first and second sets 108 and 120 of the electrical conductor are in the middle-portion 1 〇 3 in the form of a finger. The conductors 110, 112, 114 and 116 of the first set 1 具有 8 have distal ends 130, 132, 134 and 136 connected to a metal foil bus bar 138 such as tin-plated copper, the distal ends being disposed at the first end The distal edge of portion 101 and connects all of the conductors of the first set together. Thus, the electrical conductors 110, 112, 114 and 116 of the first set 108 and the busbar 138 act as the first terminal of the PV cell device 1 , the first terminal 139 being electrically connected to the conductor through the conductors The bonding surface-forming region of the first polarity of the pv battery device 10. Similarly, the electrical conductors 122, 124, 126, and 128 of the second set 120 of conductors have distal portions 140, 142, 144, and 148 coupled to a second metal network disposed at a distal edge of the second end portion 105. Bus 146. The second metal foil bus bar 146 connects all of the conductors 122, 124, 126 and 128 of the second set 120 together, thereby acting as a second terminal 147 of the first PV battery device 10, connected to the PV cell 10 The area of the second polarity. Therefore, the first terminal 139 can function as a positive terminal of the PV cell 10 and the second terminal 147 can function as a negative terminal. When the PV cell 10 is exposed, the potential of the positive terminal is more positive than the negative terminal. Accordingly, the 27th 201106490 one and second sets 108 and 120 of the conductor cooperate with a plurality of joint-forming regions associated with the respective PV cell devices 10 to facilitate the PV cells to pass through the respective A convenient way of electrically connecting the positive and negative terminals 139 and 147 to an external circuit provides an electrical connection. Referring to Fig. 7, a PV array device according to another embodiment of the present invention is generally shown as 150. The device 150 includes a first PV cell 152 of the above type associated with Figure 1 or Figure 5 and a second PV cell 154 of the same type. The first and second PV cells 152 and 154 need not be identical. For example, the first PV cell 152 may be of the type described in relation to Figure 1 and the second PV cell 154 may be of the type described in Figure 5. The first PV cell 152 has first and second sets 156 and 158 of exposed metal contact portions arranged in rows and columns of rows 160 and 162 and 164, 166 of the first and second sets. All of the column sets 162 of the first set are associated with a first face of a first polarity such as n+, and all of the set of columns 166 of the second set are associated with a second polarity of the first PV cell 152, such as p+ The joint surface_forming area is connected. The second PV cell 154 has first and second sets 176 and 178 of exposed metal contact portions arranged in rows and columns of columns 180, 184 and 182, 186 of the first and second sets. All of the column sets 184 of the first set are associated with a joint-forming region of a first polarity (such as η+), and all of the column sets 186 of the second set 178 are joined to a second polarity (such as p+) - Forming regional connections. It is noted that the first and second sets 176 and 178 of the exposed metal contact portions of the second PV cell 154 are bonded to the opposite polarity of the bonded face-forming regions of the first pv cell 152. Since the first and second PV cells 152, 28 201106490 154 will be generally formed such that the exposed metal contact portions have the same pitch ' in the first and second directions ' and such that the first set 156 of the set of columns 162 In one direction there is a column 157 adjacent the right hand side edge of the PV cell and the second set 158 of the column set 166 has a column 159 adjacent the left hand side of the PV cell. This can cause the second PV cell 154 to have a direction in which it is rotated 180 degrees relative to the first PV cell 152, causing the set 166 of the second set 158 on the first PV cell 152 to automatically interact with the second PV. The set 184 of the first set 176 on the battery 154 is aligned. The PV array 150 further includes an electrode 192 similar to that described in relation to Figure 6, wherein the electrode includes a membrane 194 having a first end portion 196, a first intermediate portion 198, and a second intermediate portion. 200 and a second end portion 202. The film 194 has a surface 204 facing the back side 16' of the first and second pv cells 152 and 154 and having a surface on which the adhesive 206 is interspersed. The electrode 192 further includes a plurality of electrical conductors that are spaced apart in parallel and embedded in the adhesive 206, and the conductors include the first set 208 of electrical conductors spaced apart to align with the first PV cell 152. A set 162 of exposed metal contact portions of one polarity (n+). A first set 208 of electrical conductors extends over the first end portion 196 and the first intermediate portion 198. The electrode 192 further includes a second set 210 of electrical conductors spaced apart to align the set 166 of exposed metal contact portions of the second polarity (p+) of the first PV cell 152. A second set 210 of electrical conductors extends across the first intermediate portion 198 and the second intermediate portion 200 and will connect the exposed metal in the second polarity (p+) array 166 of the first pv battery 152 The contact portion 29 201106490 is connected to the exposed metal contact portion of the first polarity n+ array 184 on the PV cell 154. The electrode 192 further includes a third set 212 of electrical conductors spaced apart to align the set 186 of exposed metal contact portions of the second polarity (p+) of the second PV cell 154. A third set 212 of electrical conductors extends across the first intermediate portion 2〇〇 and the second end portion 2Q2. It will be appreciated that the conductance system of the first set 208 is electrically coupled to and extends from the exposed metal contact portion of the respective column group 162 of the first polarity in the first PV cell 152. Do not exceed one point of the first PV battery. The conductance system of the second set 210 is coupled to the exposed metal contact portion of the respective column group 166 of the first polarity on the first PV cell 152 and to the first polarity of the second pv battery 154 The exposed metal contact portions of each of the groups 184 are thus joined together to form a series connection of the first and second PV cells. The conductance system of the third set 212 is electrically coupled to the exposed metal contact portion ′ in the respective column group 186 of the second PV cell 154 and extends to the second end portion 2 of the electrode 192 〇 2. The electrode 192 further includes first and second bus bars 22A and 222, which in this embodiment include the length of the metal foil, and are fixed to the smear film 194 by, for example, an adhesive 206. The end portions of the electrical conductors of the first and third sets 208 and 212 are connected to the first and second bus bars 220 and 222, respectively. Therefore, the first and first bus bars 2 2 0 and 2 2 2 function as the first and second terminals or the positive and negative terminals of the PV group 150, and the PV module can be connected to an external circuit. . 30 201106490 Referring to Figure 8, a PV array device in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention is generally shown at 250. The device 250 includes first and second pv batteries 152 and 154 as shown in FIG. 7, and also includes a third PV cell, generally shown as 252. The third PV cell 252 has first and second sets 254 and 256 of exposed metal contact portions arranged in rows and columns 258, 260 and 262, 264 of the first and second sets. All of the column sets 260 of the first set 254 are associated with a joint face-forming region of a first polarity (such as n+), and all of the column sets 264 of the second set 256 are joined to a second polarity (such as P+). - Forming regional connections. It is noted that the first and second sets 254 and 256 of the exposed metal contact portions of the third PV cell 252 are bonded to the opposite polarity of the second PV cell 154 and are the same as the first PV cell 152. The joint faces of the polarities - form the connection of the regions. This can be achieved, for example, by simply rotating the third PV cell 252 to connect the set of exposed metal contact portions 186 in the set of second polarity on the second PV cell 152. The exposed metal contact portions of the first set of polarity 260 on the third PV cell 252 are aligned. The device 250 further includes an electrode 270 identical to the electrode 192 shown in FIG. 7, including an electrical insulating film 271 having a portion 272 including a first end portion 196, a first intermediate portion 198, and a second intermediate portion. - Part 200. The electrode 270 further includes a third intermediate portion 273 and a terminal portion 275 extending across the third pv battery 252. The electrode 270 further includes first, second, and third sets 208, 210, and 212 of the electrical conductor shown in FIG. 7, but in this embodiment, the conductance system of the third set 212 is connected to the connection. Each of the exposed metal contact portions of the first set of columns 26 of the third PV cell 252 extends from the second pv cell 154 to 31. The cell PV 252 extends beyond the third PV cell 252. . The third set 212 of electrical conductors thus connects the second and third PV cells 154 and 252 in series. The electrode 270 further includes a fourth set 274 of electrical conductors spaced apart to align the set 264 of exposed metal contact portions of the second polarity (p+) of the third PV cell 252. A fourth set 274 of electrical conductors extends across the third intermediate portion 273 and the terminal portion 275. It will be appreciated that the conductance system of the first set 208 is electrically coupled to the exposed metal contact portion in the respective column set 162 of the first polarity on the first PV cell 152, and from the first end portion 196 Extend to no more than one point of the first PV cell. The conductance system of the second set 210 is coupled to the exposed metal contact portion of the respective column group 166 of the second polarity on the first PV cell 152 and to the first polarity of the second PV cell 154 The exposed metal contact portions of the respective groups 184 are thus connected in series with the first and second PV cells. The conductance system of the third set 212 is electrically coupled to the exposed metal contact portion in the respective column group 186 of the second polarity on the second PV cell 154 and extends across the third PV cell 252 to connect The exposed metal contact portions of the first polarity array 260 on the third PV cell are coupled, and thus the second and third PV cells 154 and 252 are connected in series. The conductance system of the fourth set 274 is electrically coupled to the exposed metal contact portion of the second set of columns 264 on the third PV cell 252 and extends to the terminal portion 275. The electrode 270 further includes first and second bus bars 280 and 282, which in this embodiment include the length of the metal foil as described in relation to Figure 7 above. The end portions of the electrical conductors of the first 32 201106490 and the fourth set 208 and 274 are connected to the first and second bus bars 280 and 282, respectively. Therefore, the first and second bus bars 280 and 282 function as the first and second terminals or the positive and negative terminals of the PV module device 250 and can connect the PV module to an external circuit. It should be noted that the pv group of one, two and three pV batteries has been described in Figures 6, 7 and 8, and any number of PV cells can be easily used by using an electrode of appropriate length. Using a suitable length of electrodes are connected in series and including a collection of conductors to provide a first terminal portion, by contacting the exposed metal contact portions of the second polarity column of the connected PV cells with the next PV The exposed metal contact portions of the first polarity array on the battery are connected to connect the respective adjacent pairs of PV cells together and to include the second terminal portion. Use the first and second terminal parts then what? The 乂 module can be connected to an external circuit. Referring to FIG. 9, an electrode, in a more general sense, is used to interconnect a plurality of back contact PV cells into a series array, generally shown as 3 〇〇. Generally, the electrode 300 includes an electrical insulating film 302 having a Surface 304 has an adhesive layer 306 thereon and first and second opposite ends 3〇8 and 31〇. The first set 312 of electrical conductors are embedded in a parallel spaced relationship at a pitch corresponding to a column spacing of exposed metal contact portions of a common polarity associated with at least one of the bonding surface-forming regions of the PV cell. Layer 3〇6. The set of conductors 312 of the electrical conductor has a length 314 that is longer than the length 316 of the first pv battery in the series of columns. The electrode 300 also includes at least one set of electrical conductors 321 embedded in the parallel spaced relationship in the parallel layer 306, and along the film 30 2 with a corresponding connection 33 201106490 at least one bonding surface on the pv battery The pitch of the column spacing of the second common polarity exposed metal contact portions forming the regions is longitudinally disposed across the film and is interdigitated with the conductors of the adjacent conductor sets, wherein a conductor set is shown as 326. Portions of the conductors are coated with a low melting point alloy and protrude from the backing layer 306. The collection of individual conductors has a length 322 which corresponds to the length 324 of approximately two PV cells in the series of columns. At least one set (326) of the conductors is a first collection 312 of the conductors that are longitudinally adjacent to one of the locations on the film 302. The electrode 3〇〇 also includes a final set 328 of electrical conductors in parallel spaced relationship to an exposed metal contact portion corresponding to a second common polarity of at least one interface-forming region of the PV cell. The pitch of the column pitch is embedded in the bonding layer 306. The final set 328 of conductors has a length 330 that is longer than the length 332 of the last pv battery in the series of columns. A first set 312 of the conductors and a final set 328 of the conductors are positioned at the first and second opposite ends 308 and 310 of the film 302 to facilitate operation as the first and second electrical terminals of the series train. The conductors of any number of intermediate sets, which may be envisioned, may be arranged in the above-described interdigitated and longitudinally spaced apart modes to produce an electrode for connecting any number of PV cells in series. Referring to Figures 10(a) - 10(c), a method of fabricating an electrode, such as the electrode shown in Figure 9, is generally shown at 340. Referring to Fig. 10(a), the method involves forming a substrate, generally shown as 342, by embedding a plurality of parallel spaced apart metal lines 344 in an adhesive layer 346 on an electrically insulating film 348 to 'make the metal lines Portion 350 protrudes from the subsequent layer. The metal lines are spaced apart by a distance corresponding to the distance between adjacent columns of the PV cells by 34 201106490, on which the electrode system plans are used. A wide range of materials can be used for the electrical insulating film 348 and the splicing layer, as described in U.S. Patent No. 7,432,438, issued toU.S. The metal lines 344 are coated with a low melting alloy and extend from a first end 352 of the film 348 to a second end 354 of the film. The alloy may be any of a number of conventional solders or solders specially developed as described in U.S. Patent No. 7,432,438, issued toU.S. 'The first and second metal foil strips 356 and 358 are separately disposed at the first and second ends 352 and 354 and placed over and in contact with the metal wires 344 to function as a first And a second bus or terminal. The length of the film from the first end 352 to the second end 354 is set according to the number of PV cells and their spacing between the two, on which the electrode system is intended to span the length to connect the PV cells together. In a series of columns. In the illustrated embodiment, the electrode has a length (L) which can be determined according to the following relationship: ❹ L = n * (s + w) + a * s, where: η-type electrode is intended to be connected to the PV The number of batteries, s is the distance between PV cells, w is the width of a PV cell; and a is the number between 2 and 4. 35 201106490 The variable "a" in the relationship provides a convenient way to allow for additional length at the opposite end of the membrane 348 to allow the busbars to be positioned away from the PV cells at the opposite end of the set of columns, To help connect to adjacent groups of columns or external circuits. Of course, a larger number will allow a longer length of film to be at the opposite end of the film 348 and a smaller number will allow a shorter length of film to be at the opposite end of the film 348. After the substrate 342 has been prepared as described in relation to FIG. 10(a), see FIG. 10(b), the substrate has first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, etc. parallel metal lines . More generally, it has odd-numbered metal lines 360' such as first, third, fifth, etc., and even-numbered metal lines ,2, such as the first 'fourth, sixth, and the like. In Fig. 10(b), the substrate 342 is subjected to a punching operation, wherein the film 348 is simultaneously punched through a plurality of spaced apart punchers 364 which are spaced apart from each other. On the open perforating heads, the perforating heads include odd and even rows of perforating heads 366 and 368. In the odd row of perforating heads 366 Ji, the perforators are spaced apart to align with the odd numbered metal lines 360, and on the even rows of perforating heads 368, the perforators are spaced apart to The even numbered metal lines 362 are aligned. The odd and even rows of puncturing heads 366 and 368 are coupled together by an actuator 37 同时 that simultaneously drives all of the odd and even rows of puncturing heads while passing through the metal lines in one operation. 344 and film 348, each of which creates a plurality of odd and even rows of perforation lines, generally shown as milk and 374. The odd and even rows of puncturing heads 366 and 368 and thus the puncturing lines 372 and 374 are spaced apart from each other by a distance which can be calculated according to the following relationship: 36 201106490 s+w where: S is the number The distance between the PV cells; and W is the width of a PV cell. The odd and even rows of perforation lines 372 and 374 define the PV cell receiving area and also define the different sets of metal lines described above. In this embodiment, the PV cell receiving area includes a first PV cell receiving area 371, a plurality of intermediate PV cell receiving areas 373, and a final PV cell receiving area 375. The odd rows of perforated lines 372 are spaced apart from each other along the film 348 by a distance defined by the formula 2 (s+w), and the even rows of perforated lines 374 are also along the film by the formula 2 (s+w) The defined distances are spaced apart but interspersed between the odd rows of perforated lines. In addition, the odd and even rows of puncturing heads 366 and 368 are the same size, and in this embodiment are circular, having a diameter slightly larger than the spacing between adjacent PV cells to ensure that there is no chance to make a set. Any metal wire of the wire is in contact with a pv battery that is not intended to be contacted. In particular, the ends of the wires cut by the punch are sufficiently spaced from the edges of adjacent PV cells to avoid inadvertent electrical escape from the edges of them when heated and laminated. Prior to the beginning of the punching operation, the film 348 is aligned relative to the perforating heads such that the collection of odd and even rows of perforating heads 366 and 368 are substantially centered longitudinally along the film 348. The film 348 is desirably perforated in an upwardly facing orientation wherein the film attachment 37 201106490 is directed toward the perforating heads 366 and 368 when the perforating operation begins. The puncturing operation effectively punches a plurality of parallel spaced apart electrical conductors such that the metal wires 344 are embedded in the backing layer 346 of the electrically insulating film 348 'over the odd and even positions of the film to Forming odd and even rows of perforation lines 372 and 374 extending transversely across the film, blocking the conductors spaced apart longitudinally along the film, thereby creating a plurality of conductor sets along the film and adjacent At least one PV cell receiving region 375 is defined between the odd and even perforation lines. Regardless of how long the electrode is, it always includes a first set (36〇) of conductors that are connected across the odd-numbered locations of the film, the first set of conductors extending from the first end 352 of the hex film to the at least one pv battery a first PV cell receiving region 371 of the receiving region, and an end set (362) of conductors that are connected across the even-numbered locations of the film, the ends of the conductor extending from the second end 354 of the film to the at least one pv battery receiving region The final PV cell receiving area 375. When the electrode is used to electrically connect to a single PV cell, at least one of the PV cell receiving regions on the electrode will include only one PV cell receiving region as shown in FIG. 6 and the PV cell receiving region will Basically acts as the first PV cell receiving region and the final PV cell receiving region. The first and last PV cell receiving regions are therefore the same in this example, where the electrodes are activated to connect to only one PV cell. In order to combine an electrode with a plurality of PV cells, as shown in Figures 9 and WUMC), a sufficient number of odd and even rows of perforated lines are fabricated on the electrodes for the first set and ends of the conductors. A set of fingers of a plurality of conductors is defined between the sets, and at least one intermediate PV cell receiving area 373 is defined between the first pv battery receiving area 38 201106490 field 371 and the daring PV cell receiving area 375. The number of receiving regions of the PV cell depends on the number of Pv cells that the electrodes are intended to connect together. Referring to Fig. 10(c), after the odd and even rows of perforation lines 372 and 374 have been formed in the film 348 and the metal line 344 and the side of the adhesive of the film is raised upward, the PV cells 38, 382, 384, 386, and 388 are placed on the beta film, and the back side is downwardly disposed in the opposite direction of the tantalum battery receiving region such that the first and second plurality of exposed contact portions are opposite to the metal and the metal wire. The individual sets are in physical and electrical contact while allowing the adhesive to secure the film to the back of the PV cells. Δ海PV PV cells 380-388 are thus physically and electrically connected together in a series arrangement, and can be placed and connected to a similar array of adjacent ones in a module, and heated and printed The pressure is laminated, which further fixes the adhesive and melts the low melting alloy to weld the collection of metal wires to the respective PV cells, thereby ensuring a good solid electrical connection of the wires to the exposed metal contacts and confluence Referring to Fig. 11, a PV module is generally shown as 400' including two series arrays, which are fabricated using the electrode of the type described in Fig. 9 and manufactured according to the method of Fig. 1. The PV module includes A set of columns 402 and a second set of columns 404. Each of the sets has first and final PV cells 406 and 408 in the set of columns 'and has - respective positive and negative terminals 412 and 414, each of which is tungsten The bands 411 and 413. The first and second sets of columns 402 and 404 are identical except that the second set of columns 404 are 180 degrees out of phase with the first set of columns and are placed side by side in parallel spaced apart relationship. The first group of columns 39 201106490 402 of the negative terminal 414 linkage To the positive terminal d of the second set of columns, the connection is made by a small piece of metal such as 42G by individually soldering the metal to the metal at the ends of the first and second sets of columns 4〇2 and 4〇4 =. The first and second sets of columns #4Q4 are thus connected in series - and the positive terminal 412 of the first set of columns acts as the positive terminal of the entire module. Similarly, the second set of columns 4 〇 4 The negative terminal 4] 4 acts as the negative terminal of the entire module. Referring to Fig. 12, as an alternative to the additional metal foil (42〇 shown in Fig. 11), the The metal tantalum strips 411 _ 413 at the ends of the first and second sets of columns 402 and 404 can be extended such that portions 422 and 424 thereof extend beyond the first and second sets of columns and respective adjacent edges 426 and 428, thus an alloy overlapping a low melting point can be applied: between the overlapping portions 422 and 424, using the conventional method such that the first and second sets of columns 402 #404 can be laminated to the protective sheet by heat and stamping. Between the heating and the printing, the low-point alloy between the overlapping portions 422 and 424 is dazzled and the overlap Sections 422 and 424 are soldered together. This simplifies the fabrication of the PV module. In all of the examples described herein, the PV cell is back-contacted, and thus the associated electrode and conductance system is used in the PV module. The back side of the PV cell is therefore not shielded from the front side of the PV cell. Although the & + will be described and illustrated in the present invention, these embodiments should be considered only for the purpose of demonstrating the invention. The invention is defined by the following claims. 40 201106490 [Brief Description of the Drawings] A diagram illustrating an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a back-contact photovoltaic (PV) battery substrate carrying a mask. Figure, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a back contact PV cell according to the teachings of U.S. Patent No. 7,468,485. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of an emitter-penetrating back contact PV cell according to U.S. Patent No. 7,144,751. Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing the back surface of the substrate from which the mask is removed as shown in Fig. 1. Figure 5 is a perspective view of the back side of a substrate prepared in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention comprising physically separated exposed metal contact portions. Figure 6 is a perspective view of a PV module including a PV cell and an electrode. Figure 7 is a top view of a PV module comprising two PV cells and an electrode connected in series. Figure 8 is a top view of a PV module comprising three PV cells and an electrode connected in series with the three PV cells. Figure 9 is a top plan view of an electrode in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing a method for manufacturing the electrode shown in Fig. 9. Figure 11 is a top view of a PV module comprising two sets of PV cells and electrodes as described herein. Figure 12 is a fragmentary top view of an interconnect method for interconnecting the bank columns of the PV cells shown in Figure 11 in a series. 41 201106490 [Description of main component symbols] 10 Back contact photovoltaic (PV) column group second assembled battery device 46 exposed metal contact portion 12 substrate 52 first set of row groups 14 front side 54 first set of column groups 16 Back surface 56 n++ tube 18 joint surface_forming region 58 exposed metal contact portion 20 joint surface_forming region 60 second set row group 22 joint surface 62 second set array 24 joint surface 64 P++ region 26 joint surface - formation Area 70 substrate 28 bonding surface_forming region 72 exposed metal contact portion 30 first complex number of first complex lattice lines 21 second complex lattice line 74 exposed metal contact portion 32 second complex number of first complex grid lines 33 second complex grid line 76 exposed metal contact portion 34 first complex grid line 78 row group first set 35 second complex grid line 80 row group second row set 40 mask 82 column group number a set 41 first direction 84 second set of 42 column groups 42 rows of uncovered areas and first set of 100 electrode column groups 101 first end portion 43 second party Line 102 electrically insulating film 44 uncovered area 103 and the intermediate - Part 42201106490
104 下側表面 147 第二終端 105 第二末端部分 150 PV組列裝置 106 接著層 152 第一 PV電池 108 電導體之第一集合 154 第二PV電池 110 導體 156 曝露的金屬接觸部分 112 導體 之第一集合 114 導體 158 曝露的金屬接觸部分 116 導體 之第二集合 120 電導體之第二集合 157 列 122 導體 159 列 124 導體 160 第一集合之行組 126 導體 162 第一集合之列組 128 導體 164 第二集合之行組 130 遠端 166 第二集合之列組 132 遠端 176 曝露的金屬接觸部分 134 遠端 之第一集合 136 遠端 178 曝露的金屬接觸部分 138 金屬箔匯流排 之第二集合 139 第一終端 180 第一集合之行組 140 遠端部分 184 第一集合之列組 142 遠端部分 182 第二集合之行組 144 遠端部分 186 第二集合之列組 148 遠端部分 192 電極 146 第二金屬箔匯流排 194 膜 43 201106490 196 第一末端部分 273 第三中間-部分 198 第一中間-部分 274 電導體之第四集合 200 第二中間-部分 275 終端部分 202 第二末端部分 280 第一匯流排 204 表面 282 第二匯流排 206 接著劑 300 電極 208 電導體之第一集合 302 電氣絕緣膜 210 電導體之第二集合 304 表面 212 電導體之第三集合 306 接著層 220 第一匯流排 308 第一相反末端 222 第二匯流排 310 第一相反末端 250 PV組列裝置 312 電導體之第一集合 252 第三PV電池 314 一長度 254 曝露的金屬接觸部分 316 一長度 之第一集合 321 電導體集合 256 曝露的金屬接觸部分 322 一長度 之第二集合 324 一長度 258 第一集合之行組 326 導體集合 260 第一集合之列組 328 電導體之最終集合 262 第二集合之行組 330 一長度 264 第二集合之列組 332 一長度 270 電極 340 製造電極之方法 271 電氣絕緣膜 342 基板 272 一部分 344 金屬線 44 201106490104 lower side surface 147 second terminal 105 second end portion 150 PV array device 106 next layer 152 first PV cell 108 first set of electrical conductors 154 second PV cell 110 conductor 156 exposed metal contact portion 112 conductor number A set 114 of conductors 158 exposed metal contact portion 116 a second set of conductors 120 a second set of electrical conductors 157 columns 122 conductors 159 columns 124 conductors 160 a first set of rows 126 conductors 162 a first set of columns 128 conductors 164 Second set of row groups 130 distal ends 166 second set of column sets 132 distal ends 176 exposed metal contact portions 134 distal first set 136 distal ends 178 exposed metal contact portions 138 second set of metal foil bus bars 139 first terminal 180 first set row group 140 remote portion 184 first set column group 142 remote portion 182 second set row group 144 remote portion 186 second set column group 148 remote portion 192 electrode 146 second metal foil bus bar 194 film 43 201106490 196 first end portion 273 third intermediate portion 198 first intermediate portion 274 Fourth set of electrical conductors 200 Second intermediate portion 275 Terminal portion 202 Second end portion 280 First bus bar 204 Surface 282 Second bus bar 206 Adhesive 300 Electrode 208 First set of electrical conductors 302 Electrically insulating film 210 Second set of electrical conductors 304 surface 212 third set of electrical conductors 306 next layer 220 first busbar 308 first opposite end 222 second busbar 310 first opposite end 250 PV array device 312 first set of electrical conductors 252 third PV cell 314 a length 254 exposed metal contact portion 316 a first set of lengths 321 an electrical conductor set 256 an exposed metal contact portion 322 a second set of lengths 324 a length 258 a first set of rows of groups 326 conductors Set 260 first set of column sets 328 final set of electrical conductors 262 second set of row sets 330 a length 264 second set of column sets 332 a length 270 electrodes 340 method of making electrodes 271 electrical insulating film 342 substrate 272 portion 344 Metal wire 44 201106490
346 接著層 377 PV電池接收區域 348 電氣絕緣膜 380 PV電池 350 一部分 382 PV電池 352 第一末端 384 PV電池 354 第二末端 386 PV電池 356 第一金屬箔帶 388 PV電池 358 第二金屬箔帶 400 PV模組 360 導體之第一集合、金 402 第一組列 屬線 404 第二組列 362 導體之末端集合、金 406 第一 PV電池 屬線 408 最終PV電池 364 打孔器 411 金屬箔帶 366 打孔頭 413 金屬箔帶 368 打孔頭 412 正極終端 370 致動器 414 負極終端 371 第一 PV電池接收區域 422 一部分 372 打孔線 424 一部分 374 打孔線 426 邊緣 373 中間的PV電池接收區 428 邊緣 域 375 最終PV電池接收區域 45346 Next layer 377 PV battery receiving area 348 Electrical insulating film 380 PV battery 350 Part 382 PV battery 352 First end 384 PV battery 354 Second end 386 PV battery 356 First metal foil tape 388 PV battery 358 Second metal foil tape 400 PV module 360 conductor first set, gold 402 first group column line 404 second group column 362 conductor end set, gold 406 first PV cell line 408 final PV cell 364 hole puncher 411 metal foil tape 366 Punch head 413 Metal foil strip 368 Punch head 412 Positive terminal 370 Actuator 414 Negative terminal 371 First PV cell receiving area 422 Part 372 Perforation line 424 Part 374 Perforation line 426 Edge 373 Intermediate PV cell receiving area 428 Edge field 375 final PV cell receiving area 45