TW200946892A - Shock testing machine - Google Patents

Shock testing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
TW200946892A
TW200946892A TW098114941A TW98114941A TW200946892A TW 200946892 A TW200946892 A TW 200946892A TW 098114941 A TW098114941 A TW 098114941A TW 98114941 A TW98114941 A TW 98114941A TW 200946892 A TW200946892 A TW 200946892A
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
impact
block
arm
test
movable
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TW098114941A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Sigeru Matsumoto
Hiroshi Miyashita
Kazuhiro Murauchi
Masanobu Hasegawa
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Kokusai Keisokuki Kk
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Publication of TW200946892A publication Critical patent/TW200946892A/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

A vertical impact test device has an impact block, a movable table, drive means for driving the movable table downward toward the impact block to make a sample body collide with the impact block, attitude holding means for holding the attitude of the sample body by holding the sample body between the attitude holding means and the movable table, and control means for causing the movable table to descend and controlling the attitude holding means so that the attitude holding means retreats immediately before the sample body collides with the impact block. A horizontal impact test device has a platform car on which a sample body is mounted and which can move on a base, an arm capable of making contact with the platform car, drive means for driving the arm, an impact plate fixed on the platform car, and an impact member mounted on the base so as to collide with the impact plate. When driven, the arm makes contact with the platform car to drive the platform car, and the speed at which the arm is driven is reduced immediately before the impact plate collides with the impact member. This causes the platform car to separate from the arm and move by inertia toward the impact member.

Description

200946892 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是關於在包裝貨物等供試體上施加垂直方 向或水平方向的衝擊荷重的衝擊試驗裝置。 【先前技術】 為了評價包裝貨物在流通過程中相對於所受的落 下衝擊的包裝的保護是否適當，需進行jIS z 〇2〇〇: 「包裝貨物-評價試驗方法通則」（以下稱為JIS z〇2〇〇) 及ns Z 0202 : 1994「包裝貨物-落下試驗方法」（以下稱 為JIS Z0202)所規定的洛下試驗。前者主要是包含了落 下衝擊試驗的評價試驗方法的概要’後者詳細顯示了落 下試驗方法。 JIS Z0202所顯示的落下試驗裝置，具備了用以將作 為包裝貨物的供試體提高至落下高度的升降手段、將供 試體從升降手段分離的分離手段、以及分離後落下的供 試體所衝撞的落下面。此外，為了取代僅分離供試體以 使其洛下的荊述落下試驗裝置，也可以使用一種垂直衝 擊試驗裝置，其是將供試體載置於衝擊台並利用升降手 段將其提高，使得供試體連同衝擊台一起落下而使其衝 撞衝擊波形產生手段。 作為JIS Z0202所規定的落下試驗，有使得供試體 的一面衝撞落下面的面落下、使得供試體的稜衝撞落下 面的稜落下、以及使得供試體的角衝撞落下面的角落 下。因此’在落下試驗裝置與垂直衝擊試驗裝置之中， 200946892 所期望的是具備了姿勢保掊丰於甘/ 而使得供試體的面、稜及角的& /'^供試體的姿勢 擊波形產生手段。角的任何—者朝向落下面與衝 ❿ ❹ 此外’為了評價包裝貨物在流通過程中相對於所受 的水平方向的衝擊的包裝的健是否適當，瓜靡〇 中記載了在包裝貨物上施加水平方向的衝擊荷重的水 平衝擊試驗方法。這個水伟擊試財法被詳細記載於 nsz〇2〇5 · I"8包裳貨物-水平衝擊試驗方法」（以下 稱為JISZ〇2〇5)。JISZ〇2〇5所記載的水平衝擊試驗，是 指使得搭載了包裝貨物的台車在滑行道上行駛，並使立 衝撞與滑行道垂直的衝撞面。 在JIS Z0202所規定的落下試驗褒置與垂直衝擊試 驗裝置中，由於是利用重力使得供試體自然落下，因此 裝置的高度至少需大於供試體的尺寸㈣下高度的總 和。特肢，在進行角落下的場合下，裝置的高度需大 於供試體的對角線長度與落下高度的總和。 此外，在落下試驗裝置中，由於是 供試體從姿勢保持手段分離，因此在偏心的供 在洛下期間供試體的姿勢會有變化的可能性。 進行稜訂與角落下的場合下特別 _^ 勢產生變化時，所產生的問題是“ 的再現性會降低。 _ 另一方面，在垂直衝擊試驗裴置中，1 用姿勢保持手段以保持供試體的姿勢的情況下以 體洛下’存在的問題是，與衝擊波形產生手段產生衝撞 200946892 時不為姿勢保持手段所需要的荷重會施加於供試體 上。此外，在垂直衝擊試驗裝置中，由於供試體是在被 載於衝擊台之上的狀態下而落下，因此供試體會經由衝 擊台的底面而衝撞衝擊波形產生手段。亦即，衝撞時供 試體所受的衝擊荷重，不只是供試體的重量與衝撞速 度，還受到衝擊台的底面的剛性與彈性的影響。是故， 垂直衝擊試驗裝置的衝擊試驗難以說是與落下試驗完 全地等價。 此外，在水平衝擊試驗裝置中，如JIS Z0200所記 載般，有必要在預先決定的速度下使得供試體衝撞衝撞 面。因此，台車上有必要設置速度檢測器。如此，由於 在施加了大的衝擊荷重的台車上不得不設置精密電子 元件的速度檢測器，因此試驗中速度檢測器會有破損的 可能性。 【發明内容】 本發明是為了解決上述的目的所構成。亦即，本發 明的目的在於提供一種垂直衝擊試驗裝置，其無須增大 裝置的高度，可以利用高的再現性而將可說是與落下試 驗略微等價的衝擊施加於供試體；本發明的目的還在於 提供一種水平衝擊試驗裝置，其無須設置速度檢測器於 台車上而可進行水平衝擊試驗。 為了達成上述的目的，本發明的實施形態的垂直衝 擊試驗裝置具有：衝擊塊；可動工作台，配置於衝擊塊 之上，設有用以使得衝擊塊通過的開口，且身為近似長BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an impact test apparatus for applying an impact load in a vertical direction or a horizontal direction on a test object such as packaged goods. [Prior Art] In order to evaluate whether the packaging of the packaged goods is properly protected against the impact of the falling impact during the circulation, JIS z 〇2〇〇: “General Rules for Packaging Goods-Evaluation Test Methods” (hereinafter referred to as JIS z) 〇2〇〇) and ns Z 0202 : 1994 "Package goods - drop test method" (hereinafter referred to as JIS Z0202). The former is mainly an outline of the evaluation test method including the drop impact test. The latter shows the drop test method in detail. The drop test apparatus shown in JIS Z0202 includes a lifting means for raising the test piece as a packaged goods to a falling height, a separating means for separating the test piece from the lifting means, and a test piece which is dropped after separation. The collision fell below. In addition, in order to replace the test device for separating the test object only to separate it, it is also possible to use a vertical impact test device in which the test object is placed on the impact table and raised by means of lifting means, so that The test object is dropped together with the impact table to cause it to collide with the impact waveform generating means. As a drop test prescribed by JIS Z0202, there is a face where the surface of the test piece collides with the falling surface, the edge of the test piece collides with the falling edge, and the corner of the test piece collides with the lower corner. Therefore, 'in the drop test device and the vertical impact test device, 200946892 is expected to have a posture to protect the face, the edge and the angle of the test body The waveform generation means. Any one of the corners is facing downwards and rushing ❹ In addition, it is appropriate to evaluate the health of the packaging in order to evaluate the impact of the packaged goods in the horizontal direction relative to the horizontal direction of the packaged goods. Horizontal impact test method for impact load in the direction. This water test method is described in detail in nsz〇2〇5 · I"8 packs of goods - horizontal impact test method (hereinafter referred to as JISZ〇2〇5). The horizontal impact test described in JISZ〇2〇5 refers to a collision surface in which a trolley equipped with packaged goods travels on a taxiway and collides with a taxiway perpendicularly. In the drop test set and the vertical impact test apparatus specified in JIS Z0202, since the test piece is naturally dropped by gravity, the height of the apparatus must be at least larger than the sum of the heights of the size (4) of the test piece. In the case of special limbs, the height of the device needs to be greater than the sum of the diagonal length and the falling height of the test object. Further, in the drop test apparatus, since the test subject is separated from the posture holding means, the posture of the test subject may change during the eccentric supply. In the case where the rib is set and the corner is changed, the problem arises that "the reproducibility is lowered. _ On the other hand, in the vertical impact test device, 1 is maintained by the posture maintaining means. In the case of the posture of the specimen, there is a problem that the load required for the posture holding means when the impact waveform generating means collides with 200946892 is applied to the test object. Further, in the vertical impact test apparatus In the case where the test object is dropped while being placed on the impact table, the test object collides with the impact waveform generating means via the bottom surface of the impact table. That is, the impact load applied to the test body during the collision. It is not only the weight and collision speed of the test piece, but also the rigidity and elasticity of the bottom surface of the impact table. Therefore, the impact test of the vertical impact test device is hardly said to be completely equivalent to the drop test. In the impact test apparatus, as described in JIS Z0200, it is necessary to cause the test object to collide with the collision surface at a predetermined speed. Therefore, it is necessary for the trolley. In this case, since the speed detector of the precision electronic component has to be provided on the trolley to which the large impact load is applied, the speed detector may be damaged during the test. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a vertical impact test apparatus which can apply a shock which is slightly equivalent to a drop test by using high reproducibility without increasing the height of the apparatus. The object of the present invention is to provide a horizontal impact test device which can perform a horizontal impact test without providing a speed detector on a trolley. In order to achieve the above object, a vertical impact test device according to an embodiment of the present invention Having: an impact block; a movable table disposed on the impact block, provided with an opening for passing the impact block, and being approximately long

200946892 方體形狀包裝貨物的供試體被載置於開 口之上，驅動手 將可動工作台向衝擊塊驅動至下方，使得供試體衝 才里衝擊塊；姿勢保持手段，藉由將供試體央入與可動工 作台之間’以保持供試體的姿勢；及控制手段，在使得 〜動作σ降下而讓供试體即將衝撞衝擊塊之前，控制 安勢保持手段而使得姿勢轉手段從供試體避開。： 〜本發明的實施形態的垂直衝擊試驗裝置，可取200946892 The test object of the square-shaped packaged goods is placed on the opening, and the driving hand drives the movable table to the lower side of the impact block, so that the test body is punched into the impact block; the posture maintaining means is to be tested. Between the body and the movable table to maintain the posture of the test body; and the control means, before the action σ is lowered and the test body is about to collide with the impact block, the posture control means is controlled to make the posture change means The test body is avoided. : ~ Vertical impact test device according to an embodiment of the present invention, preferably

自然落τ ’而能夠彻驅動手段使得供試體以 的衝撞衝擊塊。因此，由於能夠將試驗開始前 的1皮榀，與衝擊塊之間的間隔縮減至小於自然落下 的落下高度，因此能夠抑制裝置的高度方向尺寸 外，在載置了供試體的可動工作台上設有用以使得 ，通過關π，可讓通過開口的衝擊塊與供試體直接衝 心。再者，由於在被檢體即將衝撞衝擊塊之前可將 保持手段㈣成從供試體離開，因此衝撞時不為姿勢保 持手段所需要的荷重便不會被施加在供試體。A 是’能夠將可說是與落下試驗時幾乎等價的衝擊施力:於 供試體。 此處，驅動手段是利用諸如伺服馬達及進給螺桿 (feed screw)機構以驅動可動工作台。較佳為，設於伺服 馬達側的驅動滑輪與設於進給螺桿侧的從動滑輪是利 用具備了架設於驅動及從動滑輪的無端皮帶的皮帶滑 輪機構’而連結於舰馬達的驅動軸與進給螺桿。此 處，舉例來說’從動滑輪的直徑是驅動滑輪的直徑的 3〜10倍。 200946892 較佳為’姿勢保持手段具有與供試體相抵接的按壓 塊、及驅動按壓塊使其離開或接觸供試體的按壓塊驅動 手段。此處’舉例來說’按壓塊驅動手段具有氣缸(air cylinder)單元。 ，佳為’按壓塊的下部形成了可抵接於供試體的一 ，的第一抵接面、可與構成供試體的稜的二面相抵接的 第二抵接面、及可與構成供試體的角的三面相抵接的第 二抵接面。當製成這種結構時，便可無須交換按壓塊而 能夠貫施面落下、稜落下、角落下。 此外 平乂1 土的結構為’在可動工作台與驅動于段之 ，設有用以量測施加於可動工作台的荷重的荷重檢測 益。當製成這種結構時，使用本發明的實施形態的垂直 衝擊試驗裝置’便能夠將被檢體夹人於可動作台與衝 擊塊之間錢行施减縮荷重㈣誠驗。 〃 水平3試ίίίίί述^的:ί”的實施形態的 衣置具有.基座，台車，其上供裝設供續 ❹ 並水平面上的預定方向而在基座上移動' 於么車.定方向而在基座上移動，並且可抵接 =驅動手段壤動手臂的速度;衝擊動板手，=?上 方向；及衝撞部件，裝設於基ί上: 驅，’手臂抵接於台車，台車被驅=定;= 皮 衝擊板即將衝撞衝撞 ❾啼"在 的i亲声，二击〜 徑制手段調降驅動手臂 、又p車從手臂離開而以慣性向衝撞部件移動。 200946892 如上述般，在本發明的實施形態的水平衝擊試驗裝 /置中，是經由可與台車分離的手臂以驅動台車，在台^ 衝才里之鈾手煮會從台車脫離。因此，可看出在即將從台 車脫離之前的手臂的速度是與衝撞時的台車的速度& 質相同的。如此，在本發明的實施形態的水平衝擊二二 裝置中，由於是從手臂側的速度來判定衝撞時的台車的 速度，因此沒有必要在施加了大的衝擊荷重的台車側設 置速度檢測器。 ° 此處，舉例來說，驅動手段具有：固定於基座的伺 服馬達、與伺服馬達的驅動軸相連結的進給螺桿、在與 進給螺桿相螺合並且與手臂相連結的螺帽、及將螺帽的 移動方向限制於預定方向的線性導執(linear guide)。 較佳者，線性導軌具有：被固定在基座且延伸於預 定方向的至少一根執條、及被固定在手臂且卡合於執條 的至少一個活動塊(runner block)。當製成這種結構時， 便可使彳于台車沿著軌條而平順地移動。此處，較佳為， ❹ 軌條在水平面中有至少二根並排而配置於與預定方向 相直父的寬度方向，活動塊是就執條的每一根而有至少 一個被固定於手臂。更佳為，活動塊是就軌條的每一根 而有至少二個被固定於手臂。當製成這種結構時，由於 複數個活動塊是在複數個處所而被軌條所引導，因此軌 條的軸周圍或是與執條直交的軸周圍的力矩即使施加 於台車，施加於活動塊的荷重也會分散，而台車的移動 方向會僅被限制於沿著軌條的方向。 較佳為，活動塊具有：包圍軌條的凹部、沿著活動 200946892 塊的移動方向形成在四部的溝、形成於活動塊的内部且 與溝的移動方向二端相連繫以與溝形成閉回路的避開 路、及在閉回路循環並且當位於溝之時與執條相抵接的 複數個滾珠(ball)。 當製成這種結構時’便可使得活動塊沒有阻礙且平 順地沿著執條移動。亦即，能夠使得台車平順地移動。 較佳為’活動塊上形成了四個閉回路，且分別被配 置於四個閉回路之中的二個閉回路的溝的滾珠是相對 於線性導執的徑向方向而具有約±45。的接觸角，分別 置於其他的二個閉回路的溝的滾珠是相對於線性 導執徑向方向而具有約±45。的接觸角。 …免:衣成這種結構時，活動塊分別相對於徑向方向、 及橫方向皆能夠承受大荷重，即使上述方向 塊的破損Γί於滾子塊(roller block) ’也不會遭致活動 此外，=外，活動塊還可平順地沿著執條而移動。 向，且藉由=為’衝撞料可在基座上移動於預定方 構，衝擊板ίί吸收機構而被㈣於基座。根據這種結 會被衝擊撞料時施加於衝料件的衝擊荷重 大幅移動。 所吸收，且衝撞部件會保持而不致於The natural drop τ ' can be driven by the means to cause the test body to collide with the impact block. Therefore, since the interval between the 1 榀 and the impact block before the start of the test can be reduced to a drop height smaller than the natural drop, the movable table on which the test piece is placed can be suppressed from the height dimension of the device. It is arranged to make the impact block passing through the opening and the test body directly punched by closing π. Further, since the holding means (4) can be separated from the test piece immediately before the subject is about to collide with the impact block, the load required for the posture holding means at the time of collision is not applied to the test subject. A is 'can be said to be almost equivalent to the impact of the drop test: the test body. Here, the driving means utilizes a mechanism such as a servo motor and a feed screw to drive the movable table. Preferably, the drive pulley provided on the servo motor side and the driven pulley provided on the feed screw side are connected to the drive shaft of the ship motor by a belt pulley mechanism having an endless belt that is mounted on the drive and the driven pulley. Give the screw. Here, for example, the diameter of the driven pulley is 3 to 10 times the diameter of the driving pulley. 200946892 Preferably, the posture maintaining means has a pressing block that abuts against the test piece, and a pressing block driving means that drives the pressing block to separate from or in contact with the test piece. Here, the 'press block driving means' has an air cylinder unit. Preferably, the lower portion of the pressing block forms a first abutting surface that can abut against one of the test bodies, a second abutting surface that can abut against the two faces of the ribs constituting the test body, and A second abutting surface that abuts the three sides of the corner of the test piece. When such a structure is formed, it is possible to cross face, fall down, and corner down without having to exchange the pressing block. In addition, the structure of the flat soil 1 is 'on the movable table and the driving section, and is provided with a load for measuring the load applied to the movable table. When such a structure is formed, the vertical impact test apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention can be used to sandwich the object between the movable table and the impact block to reduce the load (4). 〃 Level 3: The ί" embodiment of the garment has a pedestal, a trolley on which the sill is mounted and moved in a predetermined direction on the horizontal plane to move on the pedestal. Moves on the pedestal in the direction, and can abut the speed of the driving arm to drive the arm; impact the wrench, = up direction; and the collision component, mounted on the base: drive, 'arm abuts the trolley The trolley is driven = fixed; = the leather impact board is about to collide with the collision ❾啼 " in the i-song, two strikes ~ the diameter system to lower the driving arm, and the p car leaves the arm and moves to the collision component by inertia. 200946892 As described above, in the horizontal impact test apparatus and apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, the arm is driven by the arm that can be separated from the trolley, and the uranium hand-cooking in the station is detached from the trolley. Therefore, it can be seen The speed of the arm immediately before the departure from the trolley is the same as the speed and mass of the trolley at the time of collision. Thus, in the horizontal impact two-second device according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is determined from the speed of the arm side. The speed of the trolley when it collides, It is not necessary to provide a speed detector on the side of the trolley to which a large impact load is applied. Here, for example, the driving means has a servo motor fixed to the base and a feed screw coupled to the drive shaft of the servo motor. a nut that is screwed to the feed screw and coupled to the arm, and a linear guide that limits the direction of movement of the nut to a predetermined direction. Preferably, the linear guide has: is fixed at the base At least one bar extending in a predetermined direction, and at least one runner block fixed to the arm and engaged with the bar. When the structure is formed, the trolley can be placed along the trolley Preferably, the rails have at least two side by side in the horizontal plane and are arranged in a width direction perpendicular to the predetermined direction, and the movable block is for each of the bars. At least one is fixed to the arm. More preferably, the movable block is at least two fixed to the arm for each of the rails. When this structure is made, since the plurality of movable blocks are in a plurality of spaces Rail house Therefore, even if the moment around the axis of the rail or the axis orthogonal to the strip is applied to the trolley, the load applied to the movable block will be dispersed, and the moving direction of the trolley will be limited only to the direction along the rail. Preferably, the movable block has a recess that surrounds the rail, a groove formed in four along the moving direction of the block 200946892, is formed inside the movable block, and is connected to the groove at both ends to form a closed groove. Loop avoidance of the loop, and a plurality of balls that circulate in the closed loop and abut against the stem when in the trench. When made in this configuration, the moving block can be made unobstructed and smoothly along The movement of the bar, that is, the trolley can be moved smoothly. Preferably, four closed loops are formed on the movable block, and the balls of the two closed loops respectively disposed in the four closed loops are opposite. It has about ±45 in the radial direction of the linear guide. The contact angles of the balls placed in the other two closed loop grooves are about ±45 with respect to the radial direction of the linear guide. Contact angle. ...: When the fabric is in this configuration, the movable block can withstand a large load with respect to both the radial direction and the lateral direction, even if the damage of the above-mentioned direction block is not affected by the roller block. In addition, outside the =, the active block can also move smoothly along the bar. Towards, and by means of =, the impact material can be moved on the base to a predetermined structure, and the impact plate ίί is absorbed by the mechanism to be (four) to the base. The impact load applied to the rinsing member when the knot is impacted is greatly shifted. Absorbed, and the collision parts will remain untouched

【實施方式J 明之。第於本發明的5施形態，使用圖式以詳細說 施形態的垂吉2二圖及第三圖分別是本發明的第-實 —擊4驗裝置的俯視圖、前視圖及側視 10 200946892 圖。另外，第二圖中的區域A及B分別是對應於第一圖 的一點鍵線A及B的剖面圖。 本實施形態的垂直衝擊試驗裝置101是用以使得作 為包裝貨物的供試體S衝撞衝擊塊121的上面121a的 試驗裝置。本實施形態的垂直衝擊試驗裝置101將供試 體S搭載於可動工作台111之上，其次以任意的速度使 得可動工作台111降下，並使得供試體S衝撞衝擊塊 121。藉此，便可給與供試體S與從期望的高度使得供 試體S自由落下的場合等價的衝擊。 如第一〜三圖所示，可動工作台111的底111a是將 鋁製的複數個樑組合成井字形狀而形成，樑之間設有3 x3格的九個開口 111b。此外，衝擊塊121也設有九個而 收容於此開口 111b内。因此，當可動工作台111位於比 衝擊塊121的上面還低的位置時，各個衝擊塊121會通 過開口 111b。是故，即使使得可動工作台111下降至比 衝擊塊121的上面121a還低的位置，可動工作台111 的底Ilia不會衝撞衝擊塊121的上面121a，只會有底 111a之上的供試體S衝撞衝擊塊121。 其次，以下說明關於用以驅動可動工作台111的機 構。在本實施形態中，可動工作台111在上下方向上被 進給螺桿機構130所驅動。進給螺桿機構130的進給螺 桿131及螺帽132分別各以一組而設於可動工作台111 的寬度方向（第一圖及第二圖中的左右方向）兩端的外 側。可動工作台111的寬度兩端上，固定著用以將螺帽 132固定於可動工作台111的螺帽固定用板112。如第二 11 200946892 圖及第三圖所示，螺帽132經由螺帽握持部件133而固 定於螺帽固定用板112。螺帽握持部件133具有：握持 螺帽132的第一部133a、以及由未顯示的螺栓固定於螺 帽固定用板112的第二部133b。第一部133a與第二部 133b並列配置於鉛直方向，兩者由未顯示的螺栓所固 定。第一部133a與第二部133b之間裝設了荷重檢測器 133c，能夠檢測施加於第一部133a與第二部133b之間 的荷重的大小。 進給螺桿131經由螺栓機構135而被伺服馬達134 旋轉驅動。螺栓機構135具有：裝設於伺服馬達134的 驅動軸134a的驅動滑輪135a、裝設於進給螺桿131的 下端的從動滑輪135b、以及架設於驅動滑輪135a與從 動滑輪135b的無端皮帶135c。因此，當旋轉驅動伺服 馬達134的驅動軸134a時，其旋轉運動會被螺栓機構 135傳達到進給螺桿131，而進給螺桿131旋轉。另外， 如圖所示，從動滑輪135b的直徑是驅動滑輪135a的直 徑的約五倍。亦即，螺栓機構135是一種減速機構，藉 由低轉矩且可高速旋轉的伺服馬達134,而能夠使得進 給螺桿131以高轉矩而旋轉。另外，從動滑輪135b與 驅動滑輪135a的直徑的比並不限定於本實施形態的結 構，可以因應伺服馬達134的最大轉矩、進給螺桿131 的引導、供試體S的重量等而從3〜10倍的範圍中適宜 地選擇。 此外，可動工作台111被引導機構140所引導使其 移動方向僅在鉛直方向上。引導機構140具有：固定於 12 200946892 裝置框架102的四根引導棒141、沿著引導棒l4i而設 並可滑動的滑動部件142。引導棒141延伸於鉛直方向, 此外，由於滑動部件142是利用螺栓而固定於螺帽固定 用板112(第一圖）’因此可動工作台U1的移動方向 限制於鉛直方向。 ° 如上所述，在本實施形態的垂直衝擊試驗襞置ι〇ι 中，可以利用進給螺桿機構130使得可動工作台ui以 期望的速度在上下方向上移動，能夠使得載於可動工作 台111之上的供試體s以期望的速度而衝撞衝擊塊121 的上面121a。此外，裝置框架102的底板102a裴設了 接近檢測器（proximity sensor)113。接近檢測器m被配 置於可動工作台111的正下方且比衝擊塊的上面 121a還低的位置，在可動工作台111接近接近檢測器113 的狀態下’伺服馬達134被控制使得可動工作台ui就 此不再下降。 ’ 在本實施形態中，為了要在可動工作台U1向下方 移動期間讓供試體s的姿勢不變化，藉由姿勢保持手段 150從上方朝向可動工作台111按壓供試體S。姿勢保 持手^又150具有：延伸於錯直方向的四根引導棒151、 經由滑動部件152a被引導棒151所引導且可沿著引導棒 151移動於斜直方向的可動板152、以及相對於引導棒 151在上下方向上驅動可動板152的氣缸單元153。 引導棒151的上端固定著頂板154 ’頂板154與引 V棒151成為一體。氣缸單元153的套管 被固疋於頂板154。此外，氣缸單元153的軸153a被固 13 200946892 定於可動板152。此外，引導棒151的下端焊接於螺帽 固定用板112,引導棒151、頂板154及氣缸單元153 係與可動工作台111成為一體地沿著引導棒141上下移 動。 可動板152的下面固定著用以抵接且壓入供試體s 的按壓塊155。當驅動氣缸單元丨53而壓下頂板丨54時， 按壓塊155與供試體s相抵接，供試體s受到向（亦即， 向可動工作台111)下方的力量。藉此，供試體s在可動 工作台111與按壓塊155之間保持其姿勢。 將按壓塊155的立體圖顯示於第四圖中。按塵塊i55 的下部具有：近似水平的第一抵接面155a、相對於水平 面傾斜約45°的二個第二抵接面i55b、以及相對於水 平面傾斜約43.8°的三個第三抵接面155c。第二抵接面 155b互相直交，此外，第三抵接面155c之中的任意二 面互相直交。因此’在使得近似長方體形狀的包裝貨物 的供試體S所在的面抵接於第一抵接面155a的狀態 下’如第二圖及第三圖所示，其對面侧的面與可動工作 台111相抵接。此外，在使得供試體S的二面抵接於第 二抵接面155b的狀態下，此二面所形成的稜與對面侧 的稜抵接於可動工作台111。此外，在使得供試體S的 三面抵接於第三抵接面155c的狀態下，由此三面以外的 三面所形成的頂點與衝擊塊121的上面121a變成相向的 形狀。因此，藉由使得供試體S貼合於按壓塊155的任 一抵接面，便能夠選擇供試體的面、稜、角的任一者使 其衝撞衝擊塊121。 14 200946892 、在本實施形態中，當供試體s衝撞衝擊塊121時， 為了不從按壓塊155施加多餘的荷重，在供試體s即將 衝撞之前，拉進氣缸單元153的軸15如使 上升，將按壓塊丨55從供試體8拉離。于刼垄鬼155 其次，說明關於本實施形態的垂直衝墼試脍梦 ΗΠ的控制。第五圖是本實施形態的垂直^[Embodiment J is clear. In the fifth embodiment of the present invention, the schematic diagram, the front view and the side view of the first real-acting device of the present invention are respectively shown in FIG. Figure. Further, the areas A and B in the second figure are cross-sectional views corresponding to the one-point key lines A and B of the first figure, respectively. The vertical impact test apparatus 101 of the present embodiment is a test apparatus for causing the test object S as a packaged cargo to collide with the upper surface 121a of the impact block 121. In the vertical impact test apparatus 101 of the present embodiment, the test object S is mounted on the movable table 111, and then the movable table 111 is lowered at an arbitrary speed, and the test object S is collided with the impact block 121. Thereby, it is possible to give the test object S an equivalent impact to the case where the test piece S is freely dropped from a desired height. As shown in the first to third figures, the bottom 111a of the movable table 111 is formed by combining a plurality of beams made of aluminum into a trapezoidal shape, and nine openings 111b of 3 x 3 cells are provided between the beams. Further, the impact block 121 is also provided with nine and accommodated in the opening 111b. Therefore, when the movable table 111 is located lower than the upper surface of the impact block 121, each of the impact blocks 121 passes through the opening 111b. Therefore, even if the movable table 111 is lowered to a position lower than the upper surface 121a of the impact block 121, the bottom Ilia of the movable table 111 does not collide with the upper surface 121a of the impact block 121, and only the bottom portion 111a is tested. The body S collides with the impact block 121. Next, the following describes the mechanism for driving the movable table 111. In the present embodiment, the movable table 111 is driven by the feed screw mechanism 130 in the vertical direction. Each of the feed screw 131 and the nut 132 of the feed screw mechanism 130 is provided on the outer side of both ends of the movable table 111 in the width direction (the horizontal direction in the first drawing and the second drawing). At both ends of the width of the movable table 111, a nut fixing plate 112 for fixing the nut 132 to the movable table 111 is fixed. As shown in the second and second figures of the present invention, the nut 132 is fixed to the nut fixing plate 112 via the nut holding member 133. The nut grip member 133 has a first portion 133a that grips the nut 132, and a second portion 133b that is fixed to the nut fixing plate 112 by a bolt that is not shown. The first portion 133a and the second portion 133b are arranged side by side in the vertical direction, and both are fixed by bolts not shown. A load detector 133c is disposed between the first portion 133a and the second portion 133b, and is capable of detecting the magnitude of the load applied between the first portion 133a and the second portion 133b. The feed screw 131 is rotationally driven by the servo motor 134 via the bolt mechanism 135. The bolt mechanism 135 includes a drive pulley 135a that is attached to the drive shaft 134a of the servo motor 134, a driven pulley 135b that is attached to the lower end of the feed screw 131, and an endless belt 135c that is mounted on the drive pulley 135a and the driven pulley 135b. Therefore, when the drive shaft 134a of the servo motor 134 is rotationally driven, its rotational motion is transmitted to the feed screw 131 by the bolt mechanism 135, and the feed screw 131 rotates. Further, as shown, the diameter of the driven pulley 135b is about five times the diameter of the drive pulley 135a. That is, the bolt mechanism 135 is a speed reduction mechanism that can rotate the feed screw 131 with high torque by the servo motor 134 which is low in torque and can rotate at a high speed. Further, the ratio of the diameter of the driven pulley 135b to the drive pulley 135a is not limited to the configuration of the present embodiment, and may be changed from 3 in accordance with the maximum torque of the servo motor 134, the guidance of the feed screw 131, the weight of the test piece S, and the like. It is suitably selected in the range of ~10 times. Further, the movable table 111 is guided by the guiding mechanism 140 so that its moving direction is only in the vertical direction. The guiding mechanism 140 has four guiding bars 141 fixed to the 12 200946892 device frame 102, and sliding members 142 which are provided along the guiding bars 14i and slidable. The guide bar 141 is extended in the vertical direction, and since the sliding member 142 is fixed to the nut fixing plate 112 (first figure) by bolts, the moving direction of the movable table U1 is restricted to the vertical direction. ° As described above, in the vertical impact test device of the present embodiment, the movable screw mechanism 130 can be moved in the vertical direction at a desired speed by the feed screw mechanism 130, so that the movable table 111 can be loaded on the movable table 111. The test piece s on the upper surface collides with the upper surface 121a of the impact block 121 at a desired speed. Further, the bottom plate 102a of the apparatus frame 102 is provided with a proximity sensor 113. The proximity detector m is disposed directly below the movable table 111 and lower than the upper surface 121a of the impact block, and the servo motor 134 is controlled such that the movable table ui is in a state where the movable table 111 approaches the proximity detector 113. This is no longer a drop. In the present embodiment, in order to prevent the posture of the specimen s from changing while the movable table U1 is moving downward, the posture holding means 150 presses the specimen S from the upper side toward the movable table 111. The posture maintaining hand ^150 has: four guiding rods 151 extending in the wrong direction, a movable plate 152 guided by the guiding rod 151 via the sliding member 152a and movable in the oblique direction along the guiding rod 151, and relative to The guide bar 151 drives the cylinder unit 153 of the movable plate 152 in the up and down direction. The top end of the guide bar 151 is fixed to the top plate 154'. The top plate 154 is integrated with the V-rod 151. The sleeve of the cylinder unit 153 is fixed to the top plate 154. Further, the shaft 153a of the cylinder unit 153 is fixed to the movable plate 152 by the solid 13 200946892. Further, the lower end of the guide bar 151 is welded to the nut fixing plate 112, and the guide bar 151, the top plate 154, and the cylinder unit 153 are integrally moved up and down along the guide bar 141 with the movable table 111. A pressing block 155 for abutting and pressing into the test piece s is fixed to the lower surface of the movable plate 152. When the cylinder unit 丨53 is driven to press the top plate 丨54, the pressing block 155 abuts against the test piece s, and the test piece s receives the force below (i.e., toward the movable table 111). Thereby, the test piece s maintains its posture between the movable table 111 and the pressing block 155. A perspective view of the pressing block 155 is shown in the fourth figure. The lower portion of the dust block i55 has: a first horizontal abutting surface 155a, two second abutting surfaces i55b inclined at about 45° with respect to the horizontal plane, and three third abutments inclined at about 43.8° with respect to the horizontal plane. Face 155c. The second abutting faces 155b are orthogonal to each other, and further, any two of the third abutting faces 155c are orthogonal to each other. Therefore, 'the surface where the test piece S of the packaged goods having an approximately rectangular parallelepiped shape is in contact with the first abutting surface 155a', as shown in the second and third figures, the opposite side and the movable work The table 111 abuts. Further, in a state in which both surfaces of the test piece S are brought into contact with the second abutting surface 155b, the rib formed on the both surfaces abuts against the rib on the opposite side to the movable table 111. Further, in a state in which the three faces of the test piece S are brought into contact with the third abutting surface 155c, the apex formed by the three faces other than the three faces and the upper surface 121a of the impact block 121 have a shape facing each other. Therefore, by attaching the test piece S to any abutting surface of the pressing block 155, it is possible to select any one of the surface, the rib, and the corner of the test piece to collide with the impact block 121. 14 200946892 In the present embodiment, when the test piece s collides with the impact block 121, in order not to apply an excessive load from the pressing block 155, the shaft 15 of the cylinder unit 153 is pulled before the test piece s is about to collide. Ascending, the pressing block 55 is pulled away from the test piece 8.刼 刼 鬼 ghost 155 Next, the control of the vertical smashing test ΗΠ of the present embodiment will be described. The fifth figure is the vertical of this embodiment ^

101的方塊圖。如第五圖所示，垂直衝擊試驗裝置 具有.控制器102、電源103、伺服放大器1〇4、以及輸 入手段105。伺服放大器104從電源1〇3接受電力的供 給而生成二相交流電流，並將此供給於伺服馬達U4。 控制器102控制伺服放大器1〇4,可調整供給至祠服馬 達134的交流電流的振幅及頻率。藉此， 達m的轉速，，亦即可動工作台112(第二圖）的下= 度。另外，控制器102基於經由輸入手段1〇5而被輸入 的參數以控制伺服馬達134的轉速。 此外，控制器102控制氣缸單元153，便能夠使得 供試體S抵接於按壓塊155(第二圖），或是便能夠使得 按壓塊155離開供試體s。 說明關於以上所說明的垂直衝擊試驗裝置1〇1對供 試體S所作的衝擊試驗絲。首先，基於經由輸入手段 105所輸入的供試體s的上下方向的尺寸，控制器1〇2 充分地使得可動工作台m上升，而讓配置於可動工作 台111上的供試體s不會接觸衝擊塊121。其次，將供 試體s載於可動工作台U1之上’使得氣缸^元153的 軸153a下降，以便在按壓塊155與可動工作台lu的底 15 200946892Block diagram of 101. As shown in the fifth figure, the vertical impact test apparatus has a controller 102, a power source 103, a servo amplifier 1〇4, and an input means 105. The servo amplifier 104 receives the supply of electric power from the power source 1〇3 to generate a two-phase alternating current, and supplies this to the servo motor U4. The controller 102 controls the servo amplifier 1〇4 to adjust the amplitude and frequency of the alternating current supplied to the servo motor 134. Thereby, the speed of m can be reached, that is, the lower = degree of the table 112 (second drawing) can be moved. Further, the controller 102 controls the rotational speed of the servo motor 134 based on the parameter input via the input means 1〇5. Further, the controller 102 controls the cylinder unit 153 so that the test piece S can abut against the pressing block 155 (second drawing) or can cause the pressing block 155 to move away from the test piece s. The impact test wire for the test piece S with respect to the vertical impact test device 1〇1 described above will be described. First, based on the size of the test object s input through the input means 105 in the vertical direction, the controller 1〇2 sufficiently raises the movable table m, and the test object s disposed on the movable table 111 does not Contact the impact block 121. Next, the test piece s is carried on the movable table U1 so that the shaft 153a of the cylinder unit 153 is lowered so as to press the block 155 and the bottom of the movable table lu 15 200946892

Ilia之間保持供試體S。 其次，以手動量測從此時的供試體S的最下部到衝 擊塊121的上面121a為止的距離。此距離經由輸入手段 105而被輸入至控制器102。 其次，控制器102驅動伺服馬達134，以經由輸入 手段105而設定的速度使得可動工作台111下降。具體 來說，控制伺服馬達134的軸的角速度，使得[伺服馬達 134的轴的角速度/2 π x(驅動滑輪135a的直徑/從動滑輪 135b的直徑）x進給螺桿131的導程(lead)]成為上述速 度。 另外，控制器102量測伺服馬達134在驅動開始以 後的軸的旋轉次數，並由此旋轉次數算出可動工作台 111的移動距離。此外，當此移動距離成為只比從試驗 開始前的供試體S的最下部到衝擊塊121的上面121a 為止的距離稍小的程度時，控制器102驅動氣缸單元153 使得其軸上升，並使按壓塊155自被檢體S分離。 如上述般，本實施形態的垂直衝擊試驗裝置101是 利用由伺服馬達134所驅動的進給螺桿機構130使得可 動工作台111下降並以期望的速度利用衝擊塊121使得 供試體S衝撞，藉此能夠將與供試體S從對應於此速度 的高度自然落下時同等的衝擊給與供試體S。進給螺桿 機構130因為可以使得可動工作台111以重力加速度以 上的加速度而下降，因此能夠將可動工作台111的下降 距離縮短成小於進行同等的落下試驗之際的落下高 度。其結果為，與具有同等機能的落下試驗裝置相比， 16 200946892 能夠縮小高度方向尺寸。 以伴施形態中’是在利料㈣持手段150 巧持i、1體s的姿勢的狀態下使得供試體s衝撞衝 行穩定性較高㈣下衝擊試驗。此外， m直衝擊試驗裝置1〇1可以選擇供試體s 的面、稜、角的任一個以使其衝撞衝擊塊12 Φ 參 驗、棱落下試驗、角落下試驗二ί n。再加上’在本實施形態的垂直衝擊試驗裝置懷 中’由於供试體S即將衝撞之前按壓塊155會從供試體 S離開’因此衝撞時多餘的荷重不會施 體1 :能夠進行與自然落下的落下試驗幾乎相同 此外，本實施形態的垂直衝擊試驗裝置101可以 i作么 =壓縮荷重施加於供試體S的壓縮試驗裝 在進仃m驗的場合下，將供試體s配置於衝擊 ^ 進給螺桿機構130使得可動工作台⑴ 職齡可動1作台出與衝擊塊121之間將 細何重鈿加於供忒體S。此時的壓縮荷 荷重檢測器133c(第二圖、第三圖）所檢測出。3 吏用圖式以說明關於本發明的第二實施形態 裝置。第六圖是顯示本實施形態的水平 圖。如第六圖所示，水平衝擊試驗 2 Γ 21G上配置台車22G及衝擊塊 ^ 210上配ί 了二根（第六圖中僅顯示一根)軌條 254,台車22G及衝擊塊細可沿著此軌條254而移動。 17 200946892 軌條2M沿著水平面上的—方向（第六圖巾的左右方 而延伸。以下，將此方向稱為衝撞方向。再者’將句△) 車220朝向衝撞塊270的方向（第六圖中從左向右的= 稱為衝撞珂進方向，並將從衝撞塊27〇朝向台車22〇=) 方向（第六圖中從右向左的方向）稱為衝撞後退方向。^ 外’將垂直於衝撞方向的水平面上的方向（第六圖中 面背面方向）稱為寬度方向。 正 ❹ ❹ 如第六圖所示’在台車22〇的衝撞前進方 衝擊部件230。衝擊部件顶具備與衝撞方向近似2 的衝擊板231、以及從衝擊板如突出於衝撞前進j 的衝撞麵232。在進行水平衝擊試驗的場合下，在: 車220之上裝設身為供試體的包褒貨物，將台車咖ς 動於衝撞前進方向並使得衝撞突起说衝撞衝 270。此時，為了要讓由衝撞所產生的衝擊荷重施加於 供試體’預先使得賊義側面、 板 而使衝擊板231由肋材233所補強。 衝撞塊27G的衝撞後退方向側的側㈣有突出於衝 突起Μ °當藉由利用後述的驅動機 構使仔台車220向衝撞部件23〇移動時，衝撞部件23〇 的衝撞突起232會衝撞衝撞塊27()的衝撞狭π，由 此^所產生的衝擊射會經由鱗板231 *施加於供 試體。 其次，參照第七圖及第八同，、,〜、_ ^ 驅動機構及衝撞塊270 4 關於台車， 旧诛符機構。第七圖是本實施形 eThe test body S is kept between Ilia. Next, the distance from the lowermost portion of the test piece S at this time to the upper surface 121a of the impact block 121 is manually measured. This distance is input to the controller 102 via the input means 105. Next, the controller 102 drives the servo motor 134 to lower the movable table 111 by the speed set by the input means 105. Specifically, the angular velocity of the shaft of the servo motor 134 is controlled such that [the angular velocity of the shaft of the servo motor 134/2 π x (the diameter of the drive pulley 135a / the diameter of the driven pulley 135b) x is fed to the lead of the screw 131. ] Become the above speed. Further, the controller 102 measures the number of rotations of the servo motor 134 after the start of driving, and calculates the moving distance of the movable table 111 from the number of rotations. Further, when the moving distance becomes only slightly smaller than the distance from the lowermost portion of the test piece S before the start of the test to the upper surface 121a of the impact block 121, the controller 102 drives the cylinder unit 153 such that its axis rises, and The pressing block 155 is separated from the subject S. As described above, the vertical impact test apparatus 101 of the present embodiment lowers the movable table 111 by the feed screw mechanism 130 driven by the servo motor 134, and causes the test object S to collide with the impact block 121 at a desired speed. This makes it possible to give the test object S an impact equivalent to that when the test piece S is naturally dropped from a height corresponding to the speed. Since the feed screw mechanism 130 can lower the movable table 111 by the acceleration above the gravitational acceleration, the descending distance of the movable table 111 can be shortened to be smaller than the drop height at the time of performing the same drop test. As a result, 16 200946892 can reduce the height direction dimension as compared with the drop test apparatus having the same function. In the accompanying mode, the test piece s is subjected to a high impact (4) lower impact test in a state in which the material (f) holds the posture of i and 1 body s. Further, the m straight impact test apparatus 1〇1 can select any one of the faces, edges, and corners of the test piece s so as to collide with the impact block 12 Φ test, the edge drop test, and the corner test. In addition, 'in the vertical impact test device of the present embodiment', the pressing block 155 will leave the test object S before the test object S is about to collide. Therefore, the excess load does not apply to the body 1 when the collision occurs: The falling test of the natural drop is almost the same. In addition, the vertical impact test apparatus 101 of the present embodiment can apply the test piece s to the case where the compression test is applied to the compression test of the test object S. The impact screw mechanism 130 causes the movable table (1) to be moved between the stage 1 and the impact block 121 to be added to the supply body S. At this time, the compression load detector 133c (second diagram, third diagram) is detected. 3 is a diagram for explaining a device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a horizontal view showing the embodiment. As shown in the sixth figure, the horizontal impact test 2 Γ 21G is equipped with the trolley 22G and the impact block ^ 210 with two (only one is shown in the sixth figure) rail 254, the trolley 22G and the impact block can be along Move this rail 254. 17 200946892 The rail 2M extends along the horizontal plane (the left and right sides of the sixth towel). Hereinafter, this direction is referred to as the collision direction. Further, the phrase △ is directed toward the collision block 270. From left to right in the six figures, it is called the collision direction, and the direction from the collision block 27〇 toward the trolley 22〇=) (the direction from the right to the left in the sixth figure) is called the collision backward direction. The outer direction 'the direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction of the collision direction (the back surface direction in the sixth drawing) is referred to as the width direction.正 ❹ As shown in the sixth figure, the collision member 230 is struck in the trolley 22 。. The impact member top has an impact plate 231 that is approximately 2 in the collision direction, and an impact surface 232 that protrudes from the impact plate such as the collision advancement j. In the case of the horizontal impact test, the packaged goods which are the test object are mounted on the vehicle 220, and the trolley car is moved in the forward direction of the collision and the collision protrusion is said to collide with the collision 270. At this time, in order to allow the impact load generated by the collision to be applied to the test piece', the impact plate 231 is reinforced by the rib 233 in advance. The side (4) of the collision block 27G on the side of the collision retreating direction protrudes from the collision urging. When the carriage 220 is moved toward the collision member 23 by a drive mechanism to be described later, the collision protrusion 232 of the collision member 23 冲 collides with the collision block. The collision of 27() is narrow π, and the impact shot generated by this is applied to the test object via the slat 231*. Next, referring to the seventh figure and the eighth same, ,, ～, _ ^ drive mechanism and collision block 270 4 about the trolley, the old 诛 symbol mechanism. The seventh figure is the embodiment e

200946892 態的水=衝擊試驗裝置】的俯視圖，第八圖是側剖面圖。 第七圖及第八圖所示，基座2ί0的寬度方向二端 固定著一對軌條254，台車22〇及衝撞塊270共同地配 置於軌條254之上。台車22〇的下面的四隅固定著卡合 於軌條254的活動塊256。藉由軌條254與活動塊 的卡合，台車220的移動方向僅被限制在衝撞方向。同 樣地’衝撞塊270的下面的四隅也固定著卡合於執條254 的活動塊258 ’衝撞塊27〇的移動方向僅被限制在衝撞 此外，衝撞塊270的下面與基座21〇的衝撞前進方 向側的側面是經由一對減震器272而連結。減 可吸收衝擊部件23〇衝撞衝撞塊頂時所施加於衝撞塊 270的衝撞荷重，還可保持衝撞塊27〇使得衝撞塊 不會大幅移動。減震器272可以是諸如氣缸。 叙。ίί實施形態中，台車22G是由進給螺桿機構所驅 备組谁紙，，所示，基座210設有二組進給螺桿機構， 及螺螺桿機構具備了祠服馬達261、進給螺桿263 及螺巾目265。進給螺桿263以軸承264a、264b支浐直兩 :端繞軸旋轉。進給螺桿263的衝撞後退ί向側 由粞接器262與伺服馬達261的驅動軸連 =链驅動舰馬達261，便能夠使得進給螺桿263 Τ^Γ 、、、S螺桿263裝設有螺帽265。二個螺帽265共同 被固疋於手臂266。如第七圖所示，手臂266是Η字形 狀的板’其四隅固定著活動塊246。活動塊246嵌合於 19 200946892 延伸在衝撞方向的二根執條244，手臂266的移動方向 僅被限制於衝撞方向。亦即，螺帽265的移動方向僅被 限制於衝撞方向，當使得進給螺桿263回轉時，螺帽265 及手臂266會朝衝撞方向移動。 手臂266能夠將台車220壓入於衝撞前進方向並使 其在此方向移動。以下’說明此構造。第九圖是第七圖 的I-Ι的圖。如第九圖所示’手臂266的下面固定著l 字剖面的支柱(stay)267。支柱267的衝撞前進方向側的 側面固定著推送塊(pusher block)268。此外，台車220 的下面固定著卡合塊221。推送塊268與卡合塊221是 配置於可抵接的位置。因此，當使得手臂266移動於衝 撞前進方向時，推送塊268與卡合塊221會如第九圖般 地相抵接，手臂266與台車220成為一體而移動。另外， 支柱267是藉由肋材267a而補強，使得即使荷重施加於 衝撞方向也不會變形。 其次，說明本實施形態的水平衝擊試驗装置2〇1的 控制。第十二圖是本實施形態的水平衝擊試驗裝置2〇1 的方塊圖。如第十二圖所示，水平衝擊試驗裝置2〇1具 有：控制器202、電源203、伺服放大器204、以及輸入 手^又205。伺服放大态204從電源203接受電力的供給 以生成三相的交流電流，並將其供給至伺服馬達261。 控制器202控制伺服放大器204，可以調整供給至伺服 馬達261的父流電流的振幅及頻率。藉此，便可控制伺 服馬達261的轉速，亦即台車22〇(第八圖）的移動速度。 另外，控制器202基於經由輸入手段2〇5所輪入的速度 20 200946892 參數，而控制伺服馬達261的轉速。 說明以上結構的水平衝擊試驗裝置2〇1所作的 衝擊試驗的流程。首先，控制器2〇2軸飼服馬達， 將台車220充分地拉離衝撞塊27〇。此時，控制器如2 基於祠服，261的轉速而計算台車咖心動距離， 將基於此計算結果所獲得的台車，與衝撞塊2?〇的距 離L〇記憶起來。 其次’將供試體載置於台車220。此外，控制器2〇2 基於經由輸入手段205所輸入的速度參數來驅動飼 達加，使得台車220以期望的速度移動。此時，H 器202基於伺服馬達261的轉速而計算台車22〇的移動 距離’並基於此計算結果及所記憶的距離“而逐次計算 台車220與衝撞塊270的距離L!。此外，當控制器2〇2 檢測出L】低於預定的閾值時（亦即，衝擊部件23〇的衝 撞突起232接近衝撞塊27〇)，控制器2〇2減低手臂266 的速度，最終並使其停止。此時，由於台車22〇利用慣 〇 性繼續移動，因此手臂266從台車220分離，台車220 單獨地向衝撞塊270而移動。詳細如後述，由於活動塊 256即使在台車220及供試體的荷重皆施加的狀態下可 低摩擦地在軌條254上移動，因此即使手臂266從台車 220分離之後，台車22〇也幾乎不減速，而使得衝擊部 件230的衝撞突起232衝撞衝撞塊270。 如上述般’在本實施形態的水平衝擊試驗裝置2〇1 中，由於手臂266從台車220分離，因此從手臂266不 會施加多餘的荷重，而可以僅將衝撞時的衝擊荷重施加 21 200946892 於供試體。 其次，說明關於由軌條244與活動塊246(第七圖） 所構成的線性滑執的構造。另外，由軌條254與活動塊 256、258所構成的線性滑執的構造與上述線性滑軌相 同。 第十圖是在與轨條244的長軸方向垂直的一面（亦 即，水平面）上切斷執條244及活動塊246晝出的剖面 圖，第十一圖是第十圖的ΙΙ-Π剖面圖。如第十圖及第十 圖所示’活動塊246形成有圍繞軌條244的凹部，此 凹部形成有延伸於軌條244的軸方向的四條溝246a、 246a。此溝246a、246a’中收納有許多不銹鋼製的滾珠 246b。執條244在與活動塊246的溝246a、246a，相對 的位置上分別設有溝244a、244a，，滾珠246b被夾持於 溝246a與溝244a、或是溝246a，與溝244a，之間。溝 246a、246a’、244a、244a’的剖面形狀是圓弧狀，其曲 率半徑大約等於滾珠246b的半徑。因此，滾珠246b是 在幾乎沒有空隙的狀態下緊貼於溝246a、246a，、244a、 244a，。 活動塊246的内部設有與各個溝246a近似平行的四 條滾珠避開路246c、246c，。如第十一圖所示，溝246a 與避開路246c是在各個兩端經由u字路246d而相連 接，利用溝246a、溝244a、避開路246c及U字路246d 來形成用以使得滚珠246b循環的循環路。利用溝 246a’、溝244a’及避開路246c’也可以形成同樣的循環 路。 22 200946892 因此，當活動塊246相對於軌條244移動時，許多 滾珠246b是〆面在溝246a、246a，、244a、244a，中旋轉 ❹ ❿ 而一面循環於循環路中。是故，即使在轨條軸方向以外 的方向上施加大荷重，仍可利用許多滚珠支撐活動塊並 且滾珠246b還可回轉，故軌條軸方向的阻力可被保持 成較小’因此能夠使得活動塊246相對於執條244而平 順地移動。另外，避開路246〇及1)字路246d'的内徑比 滾珠246b的直徑稍大。因此，避開路246c及u字路246d 與滾珠246b之間所產生的摩擦力是極小的，於是滾珠 246b的循環便不會被阻礙。 地圖所示，被夾持於溝24如與244a之間的二列滾 形成了接觸角是約±45°的正面組合型的斜 場合下ΐί軸承(anguiar⑽⑽祕bearing)。所謂這個 的i個ί ί觸角’是溝ma及244a與滾珠鳩相接觸 向^、、壬紅觸所成的連結線相對於線性滑執的徑向方 二角<产塊朝向執條的方向，第十圖中的下方向）所成 徑向的r接觸滾珠轴承便能夠切ί 芬供從轨條朝向活動塊的方向，第十圖中的上太^ 交=方二（與徑向方向及活動塊的進退方向的雙方相i) 又的=向，第十圖中的左右方向）的荷重。相直 z t持於溝246a，與施，之間的，w 接觸的各個與滾珠24处相 於&古&接觸點所成的連結線相對於線性滑執的、、， 縦；迷4°所成的角度）是約土45。的正面組合型的斜 ^軸承。這個斜角接觸滚珠軸承便能夠支撐徨向^ 23 200946892 向及橫方向的荷重。 此外，分別被夾持於溝246a及244a的一方（圖中左 側）與溝246a’及244a’的一方（圖中左側）之間的二列滾珠 246b的列也可以形成正面組合型的斜角接觸滚珠軸 承。同樣地’分別被夾持於溝246a及244a的另一方（圖 中右側）與溝246a’及244a，的另一方（圖中右側）之間的二 列滾珠246b的列也可以形成正面組合型的斜角接觸滾 珠車'^承。 广如此，在本實施形態中，由於對於在徑向方向、逆 徑向方向、橫方向各方向所作用的荷重，是由具有許多 滾珠246b的正面組合型的斜角接觸滾珠軸承所支撐， 因此在軌條輛方向以外施加了大荷重的狀態下，活動塊 246也可以冶著執條244而低摩擦且平順地移動。 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖係本發明的第一實施形態的垂直衝擊試驗 裝置的俯視圖。 第一圖係本發明的第一實施形態的垂直衝擊試驗 裝置的前視圖。 第二圖係本發明的第一實施形態的垂直衝擊試驗 裝置的側視圖。 第四圖係本發明的第—實施形態的垂直衝擊試驗 裝置的按壓塊的立體圖。 第五圖係本發明的第一實施形態的垂直衝擊試驗 裝置的方塊圖。 24 200946892 第六圖係本發明的第二實施形態的水平衝擊試驗 裝置的側視圖。 第七圖係本發明的第二實施形態的水平衝擊試驗 裝置的俯視圖。 第八圖係本發明的第二實施形態的水平衝擊試驗 裝置的側剖面圖。 第九圖係第七圖的I-Ι剖面圖。 第十圖係在本發明的第二實施形態的水平衝擊試 驗裝置中，以垂直於軌條的長轴方向的一面切斷活動塊 及軌條晝出的剖面圖。 第十一圖係第十圖的II-II剖面圖。 第十二圖係本發明的第二實施形態的水平衝擊試 驗裝置的方塊圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 101 垂直衝擊試驗裝置The top view of the 200946892 water = impact test device, and the eighth view is a side cross-sectional view. As shown in the seventh and eighth figures, a pair of rails 254 are fixed at the two ends in the width direction of the base 2, and the carriage 22 and the collision block 270 are collectively disposed on the rail 254. A movable block 256 that is engaged with the rail 254 is fixed to the lower four corners of the carriage 22 。. By the engagement of the rail 254 with the movable block, the moving direction of the trolley 220 is limited only in the collision direction. Similarly, the lower four turns of the collision block 270 are also fixed to the movable block 258 that is engaged with the bar 254. The moving direction of the collision block 27 is limited only to the collision. In addition, the collision of the underside of the collision block 270 with the base 21〇 The side surface on the forward direction side is coupled via a pair of dampers 272. The impact load applied to the impact block 270 when the shock absorbing member 23 collides against the top of the block can also maintain the collision block 27 so that the collision block does not move largely. The damper 272 can be, for example, a cylinder. Syria. In the embodiment, the trolley 22G is driven by the feed screw mechanism, and the base 210 is provided with two sets of feed screw mechanisms, and the screw mechanism is provided with the feed motor 261 and the feed screw. 263 and screw head 265. The feed screw 263 is supported by the bearings 264a, 264b in two straight ends: the end is rotated about the axis. The collision of the feed screw 263 is reversed by the splicer 262 and the drive shaft of the servo motor 261 = the chain drive ship motor 261, so that the feed screw 263 、, 、, S screw 263 can be equipped with a screw Cap 265. The two nuts 265 are commonly secured to the arm 266. As shown in the seventh figure, the arm 266 is a U-shaped plate, and the movable block 246 is fixed to the four sides. The movable block 246 is fitted to the two bars 244 extending in the collision direction in 19200946892, and the moving direction of the arm 266 is limited only to the collision direction. That is, the moving direction of the nut 265 is restricted only to the collision direction, and when the feed screw 263 is rotated, the nut 265 and the arm 266 are moved in the collision direction. The arm 266 can press the trolley 220 into the collision advancement direction and move it in this direction. The following 'describes this configuration. The ninth diagram is a diagram of I-Ι of the seventh diagram. As shown in the ninth figure, the underside of the arm 266 is fixed with a stay 267 of a l-shaped cross section. A pusher block 268 is fixed to the side of the strut 267 on the side of the collision advancing direction. Further, an engaging block 221 is fixed to the lower surface of the trolley 220. The push block 268 and the engaging block 221 are disposed at a position where they can be abutted. Therefore, when the arm 266 is caused to move in the collision advancing direction, the pushing block 268 and the engaging block 221 abut against each other as in the ninth view, and the arm 266 and the bogie 220 are integrally moved. Further, the stay 267 is reinforced by the rib 267a so that it is not deformed even if the load is applied to the collision direction. Next, the control of the horizontal impact test device 2〇1 of the present embodiment will be described. Fig. 12 is a block diagram of the horizontal impact test device 2〇1 of the present embodiment. As shown in Fig. 12, the horizontal impact test device 2〇1 has a controller 202, a power supply 203, a servo amplifier 204, and an input hand 205. The servo amplified state 204 receives supply of electric power from the power source 203 to generate an alternating current of three phases, and supplies it to the servo motor 261. The controller 202 controls the servo amplifier 204 to adjust the amplitude and frequency of the parent current supplied to the servo motor 261. Thereby, the rotational speed of the servo motor 261, that is, the moving speed of the carriage 22 (Fig. 8) can be controlled. Further, the controller 202 controls the rotational speed of the servo motor 261 based on the speed 20 200946892 parameter that is entered via the input means 2〇5. The flow of the impact test by the horizontal impact test device 2〇1 of the above structure will be described. First, the controller 2 〇 2 shaft feeds the motor, and the trolley 220 is sufficiently pulled away from the collision block 27 〇. At this time, the controller calculates the driving distance of the trolley car based on the rotation speed of 261, and the memory obtained based on the calculation result is stored with the distance L of the collision block 2?. Next, the test object is placed on the trolley 220. Further, the controller 2〇2 drives the feeding based on the speed parameter input via the input means 205, so that the trolley 220 moves at a desired speed. At this time, the H unit 202 calculates the moving distance ' of the bogie 22 基于 based on the rotational speed of the servo motor 261 and sequentially calculates the distance L of the bogie 220 from the collision block 270 based on the calculation result and the stored distance ”. Further, when controlling When the device 2〇2 detects that L] is lower than the predetermined threshold (that is, the collision protrusion 232 of the impact member 23〇 approaches the collision block 27〇), the controller 2〇2 reduces the speed of the arm 266, and finally stops it. At this time, since the carriage 22 continues to move by the inertia, the arm 266 is separated from the carriage 220, and the carriage 220 is separately moved to the collision block 270. As will be described later, since the movable block 256 is even in the trolley 220 and the test object, The load can be moved on the rail 254 with low friction in a state where the load is applied, so even after the arm 266 is separated from the carriage 220, the carriage 22 is hardly decelerated, so that the collision protrusion 232 of the impact member 230 collides with the collision block 270. As described above, in the horizontal impact test device 2〇1 of the present embodiment, since the arm 266 is separated from the bogie 220, no excessive load is applied from the arm 266, and only the collision can be performed. The load application 21 is applied to the test body. Next, the configuration of the linear slide constituted by the rail 244 and the movable block 246 (seventh figure) will be described. In addition, the rail 254 and the movable blocks 256, 258 are formed. The linear sliding structure is the same as the linear sliding track described above. The tenth drawing is a sectional view of the cutting bar 244 and the movable block 246 on the side perpendicular to the long axis direction of the rail 244 (i.e., the horizontal plane). 11 is a cross-sectional view of the 第十-Π of the tenth figure. As shown in the tenth and tenth figures, the movable block 246 is formed with a recess surrounding the rail 244, and the recess is formed with an axis extending from the rail 244. Four grooves 246a and 246a in the direction. A plurality of stainless steel balls 246b are accommodated in the grooves 246a and 246a'. The bars 244 are provided with grooves 244a and 244a respectively at positions opposite to the grooves 246a and 246a of the movable block 246. The ball 246b is sandwiched between the groove 246a and the groove 244a, or between the groove 246a and the groove 244a. The cross-sectional shape of the groove 246a, 246a', 244a, 244a' is an arc shape, and the radius of curvature is approximately equal to the ball 246b. Radius. Therefore, the ball 246b is in almost no gap The state is in close contact with the grooves 246a, 246a, 244a, 244a. The inside of the movable block 246 is provided with four ball avoiding paths 246c, 246c which are approximately parallel to the respective grooves 246a. As shown in Fig. 11, the groove 246a The avoidance path 246c is connected to each of the both ends via the u-shaped path 246d, and the circulation path for circulating the balls 246b is formed by the grooves 246a, the grooves 244a, the avoidance path 246c, and the U-shaped path 246d. The same circulation path can be formed by the groove 246a', the groove 244a', and the avoidance path 246c'. 22 200946892 Thus, as the movable block 246 moves relative to the rail 244, a plurality of balls 246b are kneaded in the grooves 246a, 246a, 244a, 244a, and are circulated in the circulation path. Therefore, even if a large load is applied in a direction other than the direction of the rail axis, a plurality of balls can be used to support the movable block and the balls 246b can also be rotated, so the resistance in the direction of the rail axis can be kept small. Block 246 moves smoothly with respect to the bar 244. Further, the inner diameter of the avoidance path 246A and the 1) word path 246d' is slightly larger than the diameter of the ball 246b. Therefore, the frictional force generated between the avoidance path 246c and the u-shaped path 246d and the ball 246b is extremely small, so that the circulation of the ball 246b is not hindered. As shown in the map, the two rows of rollers that are clamped between the grooves 24 and 244a form a front-side combination type with a contact angle of about ±45°, and an bearing (anguiar (10) (10) secret bearing). The so-called ί ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ The direction, the lower direction in the tenth figure) is the radial r-contact ball bearing that can be used to cut the direction from the rail to the moving block. In the tenth figure, the upper too is the intersection = square two (with radial Both the direction and the forward and backward directions of the moving block i) the other = direction, the load in the left-right direction in the tenth figure). The straight zt is held in the groove 246a, and the contact between the w and the contact with the ball 24 at the contact point of the & ancient & contact point relative to the linear slipper, The angle formed by ° is about 45. The front combination type of oblique bearing. This beveled contact ball bearing is capable of supporting the load in the direction of the yaw and the transverse direction of the 23 23,46,892. Further, the rows of the two rows of balls 246b sandwiched between one of the grooves 246a and 244a (the left side in the drawing) and one of the grooves 246a' and 244a' (the left side in the drawing) may also form a bevel of the front combined type. Contact ball bearings. Similarly, the columns of the two rows of balls 246b that are respectively sandwiched between the other of the grooves 246a and 244a (the right side in the drawing) and the other of the grooves 246a' and 244a (the right side in the drawing) may also form a front combined type. The beveled contact ball car '^承. In the present embodiment, the load applied to each of the radial direction, the reverse radial direction, and the lateral direction is supported by a bevel contact ball bearing having a front surface combined type having a plurality of balls 246b. In a state in which a large load is applied outside the direction of the rail bar, the movable block 246 can also be moved by the bar 244 with low friction and smooth movement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The first drawing is a plan view of a vertical impact test apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The first drawing is a front view of a vertical impact test apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The second drawing is a side view of the vertical impact test apparatus of the first embodiment of the present invention. The fourth drawing is a perspective view of a pressing block of the vertical impact test apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a vertical impact test apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 24 200946892 Fig. 6 is a side view of a horizontal impact test apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 is a plan view of a horizontal impact test apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 is a side cross-sectional view showing a horizontal impact test apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The ninth diagram is a cross-sectional view of the I-Ι of the seventh figure. In a horizontal impact test apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention, a cross-sectional view in which a movable block and a rail are cut out is cut in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail. The eleventh figure is a sectional view of II-II of the tenth figure. Fig. 12 is a block diagram showing a horizontal impact test apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 101 Vertical impact test device

102 控制器 102 裝置框架 102a 底板 103 電源 104 伺服放大器 105 輸入手段 111 可動工作台 111a 底 111b 開口 25 200946892102 Controller 102 Unit frame 102a Base plate 103 Power supply 104 Servo amplifier 105 Input means 111 Movable table 111a Bottom 111b Opening 25 200946892

112 螺帽固定用板 113 接近檢測器 121 衝擊塊 121a 上面 130 進給螺桿機構 131 進給螺桿 132 螺帽 133 螺帽握持部件 133a 第一部 133b 第二部 133c 何重檢測 134 伺服馬達 134a 驅動轴 135 螺栓機構 135a 驅動滑輪 135b 從動滑輪 135c 無端皮帶 140 引導機構 141 引導棒 142 滑動部件 150 姿勢保持手段 151 引導棒 152 可動板 152a 滑動部件 153 氣缸單元 26 200946892112 Nut fixing plate 113 Proximity detector 121 Impact block 121a Upper surface 130 Feed screw mechanism 131 Feed screw 132 Nut 133 Nut holding member 133a First portion 133b Second portion 133c Heavy detection 134 Servo motor 134a Drive Shaft 135 Bolt mechanism 135a Drive pulley 135b Drive pulley 135c Endless belt 140 Guide mechanism 141 Guide rod 142 Sliding member 150 Position holding means 151 Guide rod 152 Movable plate 152a Sliding member 153 Cylinder unit 26 200946892

153a 車由 153b 套管 154 頂板 155 按壓塊 155a 第一抵接面 155b 弟一抵接面 155c 第三抵接面 201 水平衝擊試驗裝置 202 控制器 203 電源 204 4司服放大 205 輸入手段 210 基座 220 台車 221 嵌·合塊 230 衝擊部件 231 衝擊板 232 衝撞突起 233 肋材 244 轨條 244a 溝 244a, 溝 246 活動塊 246a 溝 246a? 溝 27 200946892 滾珠 避開路 避開路 u字路 執條 活動塊 活動塊 伺服馬達 參 進給螺桿 轴承 軸承 螺帽 手臂 支柱 肋材 推送塊 衝撞塊 衝撞突起 減震器 距離 距離 供試體153a car by 153b casing 154 top plate 155 pressing block 155a first abutting surface 155b abutting surface 155c third abutting surface 201 horizontal impact testing device 202 controller 203 power supply 204 4 servo amplification 205 input means 210 base 220 trolley 221 inlay and splicing 230 impact member 231 impact plate 232 collision protrusion 233 rib 244 rail 244a groove 244a, groove 246 movable block 246a groove 246a? groove 27 200946892 ball avoiding road avoiding road u word road activity Block movable block servo motor participation screw bearing bearing nut arm strut rib pushing block collision block collision protrusion shock absorber distance distance test body

Claims (1)

200946892 七、申請專利範圍： 1. 一種垂直衝擊試驗裝置，具有： 衝擊塊； 可動工作台，配置於前述衝擊塊之上，設有用以 使得該衝擊塊通過的開口，且身為近似長方體形狀包 裝貨物的供試體被載置於該開口之上； 驅動手段，將前述可動工作台向前述衝擊塊驅動 至下方，使得前述供試體衝撞前述衝擊塊； 姿勢保持手段，藉由將前述供試體夾入本身與前 述可動工作台之間，以保持該供試體的姿勢；及 控制手段，在使得前述可動工作台降下而讓前述 供試體即將衝撞前述衝擊塊之前，控制前述姿勢保持 手段而使得前述姿勢保持手段避開前述供試體。200946892 VII. Patent application scope: 1. A vertical impact test device, comprising: an impact block; a movable table disposed on the impact block, provided with an opening for passing the impact block, and being approximately rectangular parallelepiped shape packaging The test object of the cargo is placed on the opening; the driving means drives the movable table to the lower side to cause the test object to collide with the impact block; and the posture maintaining means, by the aforementioned test The body is sandwiched between itself and the movable table to maintain the posture of the test object; and the control means controls the posture maintaining means before the movable table is lowered to allow the test body to impinge on the impact block. The posture maintaining means is prevented from avoiding the test piece. 如申請專利範圍第1項的垂直衝擊試驗裝置，其特徵 在於：前述驅動手段是利用伺服馬達及進給螺桿機構 以驅動前述可動工作台。 如申請專利範圍第2項的垂直衝擊試驗裝置，其特徵 在於： 前述驅動手段具有： 皮帶滑輪機構，將前述伺服馬達的驅動軸與前述 進給螺桿機構的進給螺桿相連結；及 前述皮帶滑輪機構具備： 驅動滑輪，設於前述伺服馬達侧； 從動滑輪，設於前述進給螺桿側；及 無端皮帶，架設於前述驅動及從動滑輪。 29 200946892 4. 如申請專利範圍第3項的垂直衝擊試驗裝置，其特徵 在於，前述從動滑輪的直徑是前述驅動滑輪的直徑的 3〜10倍。 5. 如申請專利範圍第1項的垂直衝擊試驗裝置，其特徵 在於： 前述姿勢保持手段具有： 按壓塊，與前述供試體相抵接；及 按壓塊驅動手段，驅動前述按壓塊使其離開或接 觸前述供試體。 6. 如申請專利範圍第5項的垂直衝擊試驗裝置，其特徵 在於，前述按壓塊驅動手段具有氣缸單元。 7. 如申請專利範圍第5項的垂直衝擊試驗裝置，其特徵 在於： 前述按壓塊的下部形成有： 第一抵接面，可抵接於前述供試體的一面； 第二抵接面，可與構成該供試體的稜的二面相抵 接；及 第三抵接面，可與構成該供試體的角的三面相抵 接。 8. 如申請專利範圍第1項的垂直衝擊試驗裝置，其特徵 在於：前述可動工作台與前述驅動手段之間設有用以 量測施加於前述可動工作台的荷重的荷重檢測器。 9. 一種水平衝擊試驗裝置，其特徵在於：具有： 基座， 台車，其上供裝設供試體，並且可沿著水平面上 30 200946892 的預定方向而在基座上移動； 手臂，在可沿著前述預定方向而在前述基座上移 動，並且可抵接於前述台車； 驅動手段，在前述預定方向上驅動前述手臂； 控制手段，控制前述驅動手段驅動前述手臂的速 度； 衝擊板，固定於前述台車上而直交於前述預定方 向；及A vertical impact test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the driving means drives the movable table by a servo motor and a feed screw mechanism. The vertical impact test device according to claim 2, wherein the driving means includes: a pulley pulley mechanism that couples a drive shaft of the servo motor to a feed screw of the feed screw mechanism; and the belt pulley The mechanism includes: a drive pulley disposed on the servo motor side; a driven pulley disposed on the feed screw side; and an endless belt mounted on the drive and the driven pulley. A vertical impact test apparatus according to the third aspect of the invention is characterized in that the diameter of the driven pulley is 3 to 10 times the diameter of the drive pulley. 5. The vertical impact test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the posture holding means includes: a pressing block that abuts against the test object; and a pressing block driving means that drives the pressing block to move away or Contact the aforementioned test body. 6. The vertical impact test apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the pressing block driving means has a cylinder unit. 7. The vertical impact test device according to claim 5, wherein: the lower portion of the pressing block is formed with: a first abutting surface that abuts against one side of the test object; and a second abutting surface, The two abutting faces of the ribs constituting the test piece can be brought into contact with each other; and the third abutting surface can abut against the three faces of the corners constituting the test piece. 8. The vertical impact test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a load detector for measuring a load applied to the movable table is provided between the movable table and the driving means. 9. A horizontal impact test device, comprising: a base, a trolley on which a test object is mounted, and movable on a base along a predetermined direction of a horizontal surface 30 200946892; Moving along the aforementioned predetermined direction on the base and abutting against the trolley; driving means for driving the arm in the predetermined direction; controlling means for controlling the speed of the driving means to drive the arm; impact plate, fixing Straight in the aforementioned predetermined direction on the aforementioned trolley; and 衝撞部件，裝設於前述基座上，以與被驅動於前 述預定方向的台車上的衝擊板相衝撞； 當前述手臂被驅動時，該手臂抵接於前述台車， 該台車被驅動於預定方向，在前述衝擊板即將衝撞前 述衝撞部件之前，前述控制手段調降驅動前述手臂的 速度，前述台車從該手臂離開而以慣性向該衝撞部件 移動。 10. 如申請專利範圍第9項的水平衝擊試驗裝置，其特徵 在於： 前述驅動手段具有： 伺服馬達，固定於前述基座； 進給螺桿，與前述伺服馬達的驅動軸相連結； 螺帽，在與前述進給螺桿相螺合，並且與前述手 臂相連結；及 線性導軌，將前述螺帽的移動方向限制於前述預 定方向。 11. 如申請專利範圍第10項的水平衝擊試驗裝置，其特 31 200946892 徵在於： 前述線性導軌具有： 至少一根軌條，被固定在前述基座，延伸於前述 預定方向；及 至少一個活動塊，被固定在前述手臂，卡合於前 述軌條。 12. 如申請專利範圍第11項的水平衝擊試驗裝置，其特 徵在於：The collision member is mounted on the base to collide with an impact plate on the trolley driven in the predetermined direction; when the arm is driven, the arm abuts against the trolley, and the trolley is driven in a predetermined direction Before the impact plate is about to collide with the collision member, the control means lowers the speed of driving the arm, and the trolley moves away from the arm and moves to the collision member by inertia. 10. The horizontal impact test apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the driving means comprises: a servo motor fixed to the base; and a feed screw coupled to a drive shaft of the servo motor; The screw is screwed to the aforementioned feed screw and coupled to the arm; and the linear guide rail restricts the moving direction of the nut to the predetermined direction. 11. The horizontal impact test device of claim 10, wherein the linear guide has: at least one rail fixed to the base and extending in the predetermined direction; and at least one activity The block is fixed to the aforementioned arm and is engaged with the aforementioned rail. 12. The horizontal impact test device of claim 11 is characterized by: 前述執條在前述水平面中有至少二根並排而配 置於與前述預定方向相直交的寬度方向； 前述活動塊是就前述軌條的每一根而有至少一 個被固定於前述手臂。 13. 如申請專利範圍第12項的水平衝擊試驗裝置，其特 徵在於：前述活動塊是就前述軌條的每一根而有至少 二個被固定於前述手臂。 14. 如申請專利範圍第11項的水平衝擊試驗裝置，其特 徵在於： 前述活動塊具有： 凹部，包圍前述軌條； 溝，沿著前述活動塊的移動方向形成在前述凹 部； 避開路，形成於前述活動塊的内部，與前述溝的 前述移動方向二端相連繫以與前述溝形成閉回路；及 複數個滾珠，在前述閉回路循環，並且當位於前 述溝之時與前述軌條相抵接。 32 200946892 15. 如申請專利範圍第14項的水平衝擊試驗裝置，其特 徵在於： 前述活動塊上形成了四個前述閉回路；且 分別被配置於前述四個閉回路之中的二個閉回 路的溝的滾珠是相對於前述線性導執的徑向方向而 具有約±45°的接觸角，分別被配置於其他的二個閉 回路的溝的滾珠是相對於前述線性導軌的逆徑向方 向而具有約±45°的接觸角。 16. 如申請專利範圍第9項的水平衝擊試驗裝置，其特徵 在於，前述衝撞部件可在前述基座上移動於前述預定 方向，且藉由衝擊吸收機構而被保持於前述基座。 33The plurality of strips are arranged side by side in at least two of the horizontal planes and disposed in a width direction orthogonal to the predetermined direction; and the movable block has at least one of the aforementioned rails fixed to the arm. 13. The horizontal impact test apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the movable block has at least two fixed to the arm for each of the rails. 14. The horizontal impact test apparatus according to claim 11, wherein: the movable block has: a concave portion surrounding the rail; and a groove formed in the concave portion along a moving direction of the movable block; Formed inside the movable block, connected to the two ends of the groove in the moving direction to form a closed loop with the groove; and a plurality of balls circulating in the closed loop and offsetting the rail when the groove is located Pick up. 32. The horizontal impact test apparatus according to claim 14, wherein: the four closed circuits are formed on the movable block; and the two closed circuits are respectively disposed in the four closed circuits. The ball of the groove has a contact angle of about ±45° with respect to the radial direction of the linear guide, and the balls respectively disposed in the grooves of the other two closed circuits are opposite to the radial direction of the linear guide. It has a contact angle of about ±45°. 16. The horizontal impact test apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the collision member is movable in the predetermined direction on the base and held by the shock absorbing mechanism. 33
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