200927488 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關於一種板材，尤指一種複合板材之製造 方法及其產品。 【先前技術】 傳統木質層積材的製造方法主要係包括以下的步驟： ❹200927488 IX. INSTRUCTIONS: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a board, and more particularly to a method of manufacturing a composite board and a product thereof. [Prior Art] The manufacturing method of the conventional wood laminated timber mainly includes the following steps:
首先製備複數層木質單板，其係以旋切、半圓旋切、平切 或刨切等方法取得薄片狀木質單板；將木質單板乾燥後， 於其表面施以塗佈液態之尿素曱醛樹脂（俗稱為尿素膠， UF)或酚曱醛樹脂（俗稱酚膠，pF)等合成膠合劑；木質單 板再以奇數層與偶數層之紋理平行或垂直交錯的方式堆疊 層積為一預組合體；再以8〜12kgf/m2之壓力於溫度1〇5〜 C下熱壓該預組合體，以成型為木質層積材。 上述木為層積材由於使用甲越系列之膠合劑，因而於 產二成型後，在高溫高濕環境中仍有微量甲醛游離釋出的 問題’可能對人體的健康造成影響與危害，且面對曰益嚴 格的％保法規’皆有不符規定而不得販賣出口之虞。此外， = f = 遇潮濕或浸水的情況時，“產生脫膠的 ^ 品生命週期的縮短。另外，當液態之尿素甲 =塗佈於木質單板表面時，，因表面紋理的不=甲 導致塗佈的不均匀，冷二立丄π 个十玉而 膠設備需時當、、 強度降低的缺點，且佈 n的⑯π洗’堆疊木質單板時亦不易定位而導致產 。。收率的降低。且 導致產 性仍有應用範圍之_ Μ 積材在強度、挺性與勃 义丨，…、法在特殊環境上應用。 5 200927488 【發明内容】 有鑑於上述傳統木質層積材的製造方法仍具有人體健 康上：疑慮與製造上的麻煩，且無法應用在需要高強度或 高溫高濕的特殊環境上’本發明之目的在於提供一種複合 板材之製造方法及其產&，其不會釋出甲醛氣體而危害： 體健康，且製造方便；並可增加複合板材的強度、挺性* 韌性及耐潮濕性。 、Firstly, a plurality of wooden veneers are prepared, which are obtained by spin-cutting, semi-circular cutting, flat cutting or planing, etc.; after drying the wooden veneers, applying liquid urea on the surface thereof Aldehyde resin (commonly known as urea gel, UF) or phenolic furfural resin (commonly known as phenolic gel, pF) and other synthetic adhesives; wooden veneers are stacked in a parallel or vertical staggered pattern of odd and even layers. The pre-assembly is further heat-pressed at a temperature of 1 to 5 C under a pressure of 8 to 12 kgf/m 2 to form a wood laminate. Since the above-mentioned wood is a laminated material, since the rubber of the Jiayue series is used, the problem of free release of trace amounts of formaldehyde in the high-temperature and high-humidity environment after the production of the second product is formed, which may affect and harm the human health. There are discrepancies in the strict protection of the % of the laws and regulations that are not subject to the sale of exports. In addition, = f = in the case of moisture or water immersion, "the life cycle of the degummed product is shortened. In addition, when the liquid urea A = coated on the surface of the wood veneer, due to the surface texture is not = A Uneven coating, cold two vertical 丄 十 十 而 而 而 而 而 而 而 胶 胶 胶 胶 胶 胶 胶 胶 胶 胶 胶 胶 胶 胶 胶 胶 胶 胶 胶 胶 胶 的 的 的 的 的 的 的 的 的 的 的 的 的 的 的 的Reduced. And the production still has a range of applications _ 积 Building materials in strength, stiffness and Boeing, ..., the law is applied in special circumstances. 5 200927488 [Invention] In view of the above-mentioned traditional wood laminated timber manufacturing The method still has human health problems: doubts and manufacturing troubles, and cannot be applied to a special environment requiring high strength or high temperature and high humidity. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a composite sheet and its production & It will release formaldehyde gas and harm: It is healthy and easy to manufacture; it can increase the strength, stiffness, toughness and moisture resistance of composite sheets.
為達成以上的目的，本發明之複合板材之製造方 包括以下的步驟： ” 製備複數層木質單板； 製備一個以上之膠合強化材：各膠合強化材係包含— 玻璃纖㈣與兩分別固設於玻璃纖維層表面與底面之熱塑 性塑膠薄 >;，該熱塑性塑膠薄片在常溫下係為固能且不且 黏性； 〜个八 層積木質單板與膠合強化材：將各膠合強化材 於相鄰：木質單板間，使其依序層積堆疊為—預組合體； 熱昼預組合體：將預組合體加溫至使熱塑性塑膠薄片 融炫的工作溫度並施以壓力使其渗人玻璃纖維與木質單板 力 冷壓預組合體·將熱壓完成的預組合體降溫並施以壓 以形成複合板材。 熱 以 較佳的是’於製備一個以上之膠合強化材的步馬 各膠合強化材的製備係以熱塑性塑膠薄片、玻璃纖, 塑性塑膠薄片之順序層積為一預結合體，再 6 200927488 12〜25kgf/cm2之壓力與13(M9(TC之溫度熱壓該預結合體 3~15分鐘後’再以12〜25kgf/cm2之壓力冷壓該預結合體 3〜1 5分鐘’以成形為一膠合強化材。 較佳的是’熱塑性塑膠薄片係由熱塑性聚胺脂 (Thermoplastic P〇lyurethane，TPU)、乙稀·醋酸乙烯 共聚物（Ethylene-Vinyl acetate，EVA)、低密度聚乙烯 (LDPE)或高密度聚乙烯（HDPE)所製成。 車父佳的是’玻璃纖維層係為一玻璃纖維範。 較佳的是’於層積木質單板與膠合強化材的步驟中， 奇數層與偶數層的木質單板之紋理軸向係為平行。 較佳的是，於層積木質單板與膠合強化材的步驟中， 可數層與偶數層的木質單板之紋理軸向係為垂直。 較佳的是’熱壓預組合體步驟之工作溫度為130〜190 。(：間。 較佳的是’熱壓預組合體步驟之壓力為12〜25kg f/cm2， 熱壓時間為3〜1 5分鐘。 較佳的是，冷壓預組合體步驟之壓力為12〜25kgf/cm2， 冷壓時間為3〜15分鐘。 較佳的是，本發明於冷壓預組合體步驟完成後，進— j, w e W —裁切複合板材之步驟，其係對複合板材進行裁切 修邊’以得到所需之尺寸規格。 本發明另包括一種複合板材，其係包括複數層.木質 板愈—jm ^ 個以上之玻璃纖維層，各木質單板係層積堆叠，各 璃纖維層係分別以熱塑性塑膠結合於相鄰之木質單板 200927488 間，而使熱塑性塑膠浸滲至木質單板與玻璃纖維層之纖維 中。 本發明可達成的具體功效包括： 1 .本發明使用熱塑性塑膠取代傳統之尿素曱醛樹脂 %合成膠合劑，不僅有助於提昇木質單板與玻璃纖維的膠 合強度，且亦可增加複合板材的防水性，使其即使浸水亦 不易產生結合層脫離現象，且熱塑性塑膠不會釋出有害人 體的耜離曱醛，使本發明製造的複合板材可通過日益嚴格 的環保法規，並且不會對人體健康產生危害。 2本發明由於使用固態熱塑性塑膠取代液態之尿素 甲酸树月曰等合成勝合劑，因此無須使用佈膝機器，可免去 清洗機器的麻須，且木質單板與膠合強化材在排列時可方 便的對位，預組合體亦不易移位，使產品的製造更為方便。 3 .本發明利用玻璃纖維之強勒特性，用&補強入板 的強度、挺性與_性質，以有效延長產品的使用壽；， 亚使產品的使用範圍更為廣泛。 【實施方式】 凊參照第一圖盘笼-固如__ , ,^ /、第一圖所不，本發明之較佳實施例伟 包括以下步驟： 月犯列你 製備複數層木質單你·久展士所。口 片狀，並可以旋切早板（1〇)係為薄 製備切、平切或剖切等方法取得； 上之骖合強化材：各膠合 玻璃纖維層（2 η )游 強化材係包含一 〇 )與兩分別固設於破螭纖維層（2 表面與底面之熱塑性朔 ^ U ； [膠涛片（3 0 )，該熱塑性塑膠薄 8 200927488 片在常溫下係為固態且不具黏性；於本較佳實施例中，該 熱1丨生塑膠薄片（3 〇 )係可由熱塑性聚胺脂 (Thermoplastic Polyurethane，τρυ)、乙烯醋酸乙烯 共聚物（Ethylene-Vhyi acetate，EVA)、低密度聚乙烯 (LDPE)或高密度聚乙烯（HDpE)所製成；該玻璃纖維層 j 2 0 )係可為一玻璃纖維氈；較佳的是，以熱塑性塑膠 薄片（3 0 )、玻璃纖維（2 〇 )、熱塑性塑膠薄片（3 〇)之順序層積為—預結合體’再行以12〜25kgf/cffl2之墨 力與130〜19(TC之溫度熱壓該預結合體3〜15分鐘後，再以 12~25kgf/Cm2之壓力冷壓該預結合體3〜15分鐘，以成形為 一補強的膠合強化材； 層積木質單板與膠合強化材：將各膠合強化材分別置 於相鄰的木質單板（1 〇 )間，使木質單板（1 〇 )與膠 〇強化：,序層積堆疊為一預組合體；於本較佳實施例 中木貝單板（1 〇 )的木質紋理轴向可依H ^ U ❹放置’其可分為相同軸向與相異軸向，當木質單板（1 〇 ) 為相同轴向放置時’奇數層與偶數層的木質單& (丄〇) 之紋理軸向係為平行，藉此可形成具有高勒性與富捷曲性 的複合板材；若當木質單板（10)為相異軸向放置時， 奇數層與偶數層的木質單板（1〇)之紋理軸向係為垂直， 而可形成具有高挺性與高抗變性的複合板材； …C預組合體：將預組合體加溫至使熱塑性塑勝薄片 (3 0 )融炼的工竹、、田 恤度亚^以壓力，使熱塑性塑膝薄片 (3 0 )㈣後可浸滲到木質單板（1 0 )與破璃纖維層 9 200927488 (2 0 )之纖維中，以達到均句的膠合力；於本 二=預組合體步驟之工作溫度為 壓之壓力為12〜25kgf/cm2,熱壓時間為3〜15分於· ' 冷愿預組合體：將㈣完成的預組合體降刀溫里並施以覆 力’以形成複合板材，藉此以縮短降溫所需之工時並減少 產-文形的機率$昇生產效率與收率；於本較佳實施例 卜冷麼之；1力為12〜25kgf/cm2，冷料間為3七分鐘； 在室溫下實施。In order to achieve the above object, the manufacturing method of the composite board of the present invention comprises the following steps: ” preparing a plurality of wooden veneers; preparing one or more gluing reinforcing materials: each of the gluing reinforcing materials comprises: glass fiber (four) and two separately fixed The thermoplastic plastic sheet is thin on the surface and the bottom surface of the glass fiber layer; the thermoplastic plastic sheet is solid at room temperature and is not sticky; ~ eight-layered wood veneer and glued reinforcing material: each glued reinforcing material Adjacent: between wooden veneers, they are stacked in layers to form a pre-combined body; enthalpy pre-combined body: the pre-assembled body is heated to a working temperature for melting the thermoplastic plastic sheet and pressure is applied thereto. Infiltrated glass fiber and wood veneer pressure cold pre-combined body. The hot-pressed pre-combined body is cooled and pressed to form a composite plate. Heat is preferably a step of preparing more than one gluing reinforcement material. The preparation of each glued reinforcing material of Ma is laminated in the order of thermoplastic plastic sheet, glass fiber and plastic plastic sheet into a pre-combined body, and then 6 200927488 12~25kgf/cm2 pressure and 13 (M9 (TC temperature) After the pre-bonded body is heat-pressed for 3 to 15 minutes, 'the pre-bonded body is further pressed at a pressure of 12 to 25 kgf/cm 2 for 3 to 15 minutes' to form a cemented reinforcing material. Preferred is a thermoplastic plastic sheet. Made of Thermoplastic P〇lyurethane (TPU), Ethylene-Vinyl acetate (EVA), Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) or High Density Polyethylene (HDPE). The father's is that the 'glass fiber layer is a glass fiber. It is preferable that in the step of laminating the wood veneer and the glued reinforcing material, the texture of the odd-numbered layer and the even-numbered layer of the wood veneer is parallel. Preferably, in the step of laminating the wood veneer and the glued reinforcing material, the texture of the wood veneer of the plurality of layers and the even layer is perpendicular to the axial direction. Preferably, the step of the hot pressing pre-assembly is The working temperature is 130 to 190. (: Between. It is preferred that the pressure of the hot pressing pre-assembly step is 12 to 25 kg f/cm 2 and the hot pressing time is 3 to 15 minutes. Preferably, the cold pressing pre- The pressure of the assembly step is 12 to 25 kgf/cm2, and the cold pressing time is 3 to 15 minutes. After the step of cold-pressing the pre-assembly, the step of cutting the composite sheet is performed by cutting and trimming the composite sheet to obtain the required size specifications. The invention further includes A composite board comprising a plurality of layers. The wooden board is more than jm ^ glass fiber layers, each of the wood veneers is stacked, and the glass fiber layers are respectively combined with thermoplastic plastics to adjacent wooden veneers 200927488 In particular, the thermoplastic plastic is impregnated into the fibers of the wood veneer and the fiberglass layer. The specific achievable effects of the present invention include: 1. The present invention uses a thermoplastic plastic to replace the conventional urea furfural resin % synthetic cement, not only Helps to improve the bonding strength of wood veneer and glass fiber, and also increases the water repellency of the composite plate, so that it is not easy to cause the detachment of the bonding layer even if it is immersed in water, and the thermoplastic plastic does not release harmful hydrazine from the human body. The composite sheet produced by the present invention can pass increasingly strict environmental regulations and does not pose a hazard to human health. 2 The invention adopts a solid thermoplastic plastic instead of a liquid urea urea formate, such as a synthetic mixture, so that it is not necessary to use a cloth knee machine, and the hemp of the cleaning machine can be eliminated, and the wooden veneer and the glued reinforcing material can be conveniently arranged. The alignment, the pre-assembly is also not easy to shift, making the manufacture of the product more convenient. 3. The invention utilizes the strong tensile properties of the glass fiber, and uses the strength, stiffness and _ property of the reinforcing plate to effectively extend the service life of the product; and the use of the product is more extensive. [Embodiment] Referring to the first tray cage - solid as __, ^ ^ /, the first figure does not, the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps: monthly criminals to prepare a plurality of layers of wood single you Jiu Shishi. The sheet is in the form of a sheet, and can be obtained by a method such as thin preparation cutting, flat cutting or cutting, etc.; the upper reinforcing material: each glued glass fiber layer (2 η ) One piece) and two parts are respectively fixed on the surface of the broken fiber layer (2 surface and bottom surface thermoplastic 朔 ^ U; [Jiao Tao piece (30), the thermoplastic plastic thin 8 200927488 piece is solid at room temperature and is not sticky In the preferred embodiment, the hot plastic sheet (3 〇) is made of thermoplastic polyurethane (ohmopolyurethane), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), low density poly Made of ethylene (LDPE) or high density polyethylene (HDpE); the glass fiber layer j 2 0 ) may be a glass fiber mat; preferably, a thermoplastic plastic sheet (30), glass fiber (2) 〇), the order of the thermoplastic plastic sheet (3 〇) is - pre-combined body's ink with 12~25kgf/cffl2 and 130~19 (the temperature of TC is hot pressed after the pre-combined body for 3~15 minutes) And cold pressing the pre-combined body at a pressure of 12~25kgf/cm2 for 3~15 minutes to form into Reinforced gluing reinforcement; laminated wood veneer and gluing reinforcement: each veneer is placed between adjacent wooden veneers (1 〇) to strengthen the wood veneer (1 〇) and plastic: The stacked layer stack is a pre-combined body; in the preferred embodiment, the wood texture of the wooden shell veneer (1 〇) can be placed according to H ^ U ' 'which can be divided into the same axial direction and different axial directions When the wooden veneers (1 〇) are placed in the same axial direction, the odd-numbered layers and the even-numbered layers of the wood singles & (丄〇) are axially parallel, thereby forming a Gaussian and a rich curve. If the wooden veneers (10) are placed in different axial directions, the odd-numbered and even-numbered wooden veneers (1〇) have a vertical axial texture, which can be formed with high stiffness and Highly resistant decomposable composite sheet; ...C pre-combined body: the pre-assembled body is heated to the thermoplastic bamboo sheet (30) to melt the bamboo, and the skin is pressed to make the thermoplastic plastic knee sheet ( 3 0 ) (4) can be impregnated into the fiber of the wood veneer (10) and the fiberglass layer 9 200927488 (20) to achieve the uniformity of the glue In the second step of the pre-assembly step, the working temperature is 12~25kgf/cm2, and the hot pressing time is 3~15 minutes. · The cold pre-combined body: the (four) completed pre-combined body is reduced. Warming and applying a force to form a composite sheet, thereby shortening the man-hours required for cooling and reducing the probability of production-texture, and increasing production efficiency and yield; in the preferred embodiment, it is cold; 1 force is 12~25kgf/cm2, and between cold materials is 3-7 minutes; it is carried out at room temperature.
裁切複合板材：冷壓預組合體形成複合板材後，可對 複合板材進行裁切修邊，以得到所需之尺寸規格。 本發明產品較佳實施之例，係、包括複數層木質單板（工 0)與一個以上之玻璃纖維層（2〇)，各木質單板 0 )係層積堆4，各玻璃纖維層（2 〇 )係分別以熱塑性 I膠、”。口方;相鄰之木質單板（1 〇 ) Μ，而使熱塑性塑膠 浸渗至木質單板（i 0 )與玻璃纖維層（2 Q )之纖維中； 於本較佳貫施之例中’該熱塑性塑膠係可由熱塑性聚 胺脂（Thermoplastic Polyurethane，TPU)、乙烯-醋酸 乙烯共聚物（Ethylene-Vinyi acetate，EVA)、低密度聚 乙烯（LDPE )或高密度聚乙烯（HDpE )所製成；該玻璃纖 維層（2 0 )係可為一玻璃纖維氈；奇數層與偶數層的木 貝單板（1 0 )之紋理軸向係可為平行或垂直。 本發明較佳實施之例，係利用玻璃纖維之強韌特性， 用以補強合板的強度、挺性與韌性等性質，以有效延長產 品的使用壽命，並使產品的使用範圍更為廣泛。此外，本 200927488 發明較佳實施之例亦僅用 』W便用熱塑性塑膠取 樹脂等合成膠合劑，W 代傳，.先之尿素曱醛 不僅有助於提昇木質單板與玻璃纖维 的膠合強度，且亦可婵‘λ 紙，'隹 、f入4 Μ s複合板材的防水性與無毒性，使 複δ板材可通過日益嚴格 吏 的衣保法規而利於販賣出口，祐 且不會對人體產；亚 危。。另外，本發明之較佳實 盔 使用佈膠機器塗佈访能+ p J ^ 心χ素曱醛樹脂，可免去清洗機器 的麻須，1熱塑性塑膠在層積時係為固態，因此木質單板Cutting composite sheets: After forming the composite sheet with the cold-pressed pre-composite, the composite sheet can be trimmed and trimmed to obtain the required size specifications. The preferred embodiment of the product of the present invention comprises a plurality of wooden veneers (work 0) and more than one glass fiber layer (2 〇), each of the wooden veneers 0) a layer stack 4, and each glass fiber layer ( 2 〇) is made of thermoplastic I glue, “. mouth; adjacent wooden veneer (1 〇) Μ, and thermoplastic plastic impregnated into wood veneer (i 0 ) and glass fiber layer (2 Q ) In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thermoplastic plastic can be made of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), low density polyethylene (LDPE). Or high density polyethylene (HDpE); the glass fiber layer (20) can be a fiberglass mat; the odd-numbered layer and the even-numbered layer of the wood-shell veneer (10) can be Parallel or vertical. The preferred embodiment of the present invention utilizes the toughness characteristics of glass fibers to reinforce the strength, stiffness and toughness of the plywood to effectively extend the service life of the product and to make the product more usable. In addition, this 200927488 invention is better In the case of the case, only the thermoplastic adhesive is used to obtain the synthetic adhesive such as resin, and W is passed on. The first urea furfural not only helps to improve the bonding strength of the wood veneer and the glass fiber, but also can be used to increase the bonding strength of the wood veneer and the glass fiber. Paper, '隹, f into 4 Μ s composite sheet is waterproof and non-toxic, so that the complex δ sheet can be sold through the increasingly strict clothing protection regulations, and it will not be produced to the human body; The preferred real helmet of the present invention uses a cloth-gluing machine to coat the energy-receiving + p J ^ cardionamine furfural resin, thereby eliminating the need to clean the machine's whiskers. 1 The thermoplastic plastic is solid when laminated, so the wooden single board
(1 0 )㈣合強化材在排列時可方便的對位，預組合體 亦不易移位，使產品的製造更為方便。 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖係為本發明較佳實施範例之流程圖。 第二圖係為本發明較佳實施範例應預組合體之結構示 意圊。 【主要元件符號說明】 (1 0 )木質單板 (2 〇 )玻璃纖維層 (3 0 )熱塑性塑膠薄片 11(10) (4) The reinforcing material can be easily aligned during the arrangement, and the pre-assembly is not easily displaced, which makes the manufacture of the product more convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The first figure is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The second drawing is a schematic representation of the structure of the pre-assembled body of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] (1 0) Wood veneer (2 〇) Glass fiber layer (30) Thermoplastic plastic sheet 11