200921104 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種齒輪組動態誤差檢測系統，特別是指一種 利用主動軸與被動軸上所裝設之光學式編碼器輪出脈波訊號，迷 利用計時裝置計算每舰波寬度職咖，储由電腦控制 邛位计异出主動齒輪與被動齒輪（即受測齒輪）的轉速，進而推耸 出接觸點位置及齒形誤差之齒輪組動態誤差檢測系統。 【先前技術】 按，齒輪是機械產業（包含王具機產妓車輛產業等輕、重 機械業）的關鍵零組件。錄具有傳遞動力、變速及改變運動方 向的特性’不僅是構成各種機械的重要環節，其品質之優劣更嚴 重影響到該機械傳動之性能，所以齒輪工業依附於機械工業，同 時也關係著機械工業的生產及發展，更能左右到精密機械的未 來’其重要性是不容忽視的。 齒輪的製造過程必須對加工精度與成本的問題做取檢。如眾所 知二齒輪的精密度會影響齒輪組的傳動效率，而齒輪的精密度則 决疋於其加卫的程序。越精密的齒輪，觸效率越佳，然:而加工 的程序必然相對複雜，加工的成本也相對增加。在大量製造的需 、、下ω輪的精讀與成本㈣為廢商必須取捨的重要關鍵。一 般而.’齒輪的加工精度不足、齒胚的幾何偏擺量，甚或熱處理 斤引起的心狀變化，都會造成齒形的變異，並影響齒輪組的傳動 200921104 不準等因素引起 源。故如何適當 ，即成為一個重 六率i_疋，齒輪組因嗜合不當或組立時軸對位 的傳動誤ϋ ’可能更是形成振_噪音的主要來 地檢測齒輪組的品質，並能因應大量生產的要求 要的課題。 目前習知用來檢㈣輪的紐纽可分為三種 為靜驗測料，料财式包糾量具分職麵輪树的各 雜貝，或以探針測試齒形、導程等誤差。第二種方法稱為滚動 測试法，代表性的技術包括雙齒腹檢測與單齒腹檢測。雙齒腹齒 輪檢測法的_在於檢麻輪龄傳_，射心距變化的 關係。早it腹檢耻麟用—騎輪進行4合傳動，其中主動輪 由馬達驅動，被動輪銜接負載，兩個齒輪軸均安裝精密的旋顧 碼器。傳動時，編碼器可以記錄各齒輪軸的轉動角度，並據以叶 算兩齒輪之關傳動誤差。第三種方法為鶴噪音檢測法。由於 齒輪嗜合日村翻働造縣_雜與顧，從 動與噪音，因此加速計或麥歧_絲__的振動噪 音訊號’同時配合頻譜分析蘇分析倾。將分減果與可能產 生對應頻賴觸元件她較，即可研继輪㈣縣噪音源。 ，種檢測另可配合使用階次追·rder Tracking)技術，將編碼 器安裝在錄軸上’再洲編碼器魏波峨财擷取振動與澡 音訊號。此種技術的取樣速度可啤著轉速而自動調整，適合運 用於檢測速度不穩定的傳動狀態。 200921104 如上所述’ f知檢測齒輪的三種方法中，其中，第一種方法（靜 故其結果並不絲符合齒輪組整200921104 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a gear set dynamic error detecting system, and more particularly to an optical encoder that is mounted on a driving shaft and a passive shaft to take out a pulse wave signal. The fan uses the timing device to calculate the width of each ship, and the computer controls the rotation speed of the driving gear and the driven gear (ie the measured gear) by the computer to control the gear group dynamics of the contact point position and the tooth shape error. Error detection system. [Prior Art] According to the press, the gear is a key component of the machinery industry (including the light and heavy machinery industry such as the king machine and the vehicle industry). Recording the characteristics of transmitting power, shifting and changing the direction of movement 'is not only an important part of various machinery, but the quality of its quality seriously affects the performance of the mechanical transmission, so the gear industry is attached to the machinery industry, but also related to the machinery industry. The production and development, more able to control the future of precision machinery' its importance can not be ignored. The manufacturing process of the gear must be checked for the problem of machining accuracy and cost. As you know, the precision of the two gears will affect the transmission efficiency of the gear set, and the precision of the gear is determined by the process of its reinforcement. The more precise the gear, the better the touch efficiency. However, the processing procedure must be relatively complicated and the processing cost is relatively increased. The need for mass production, the intensive reading of the lower ω wheel and the cost (4) are important keys for the traders to choose. In general, the lack of machining accuracy of the gear, the geometric yaw of the tooth embryo, or even the heart-shaped change caused by the heat treatment can cause variations in the tooth shape and affect the transmission of the gear set. Therefore, how to be appropriate, that is, to become a heavy six rate i_疋, the gear set is misplaced due to improper fitting or the alignment of the shaft when standing. 'It may be the main source of vibration to detect the quality of the gear set, and can In response to the requirements of mass production requirements. At present, the commonly used Newtons for inspection (four) rounds can be divided into three kinds of static test materials, and the wealthy type of package corrections are used for the miscellaneous shells of the face wheel trees, or the probes are used to test the tooth shape and the lead. The second method is called the rolling test method, and representative techniques include double tooth abdomen detection and single tooth abdomen detection. The _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Early it is used for abdominal inspection. The riding wheel is used for 4-in-one transmission. The driving wheel is driven by a motor, the passive wheel is connected to the load, and the two gear shafts are equipped with precision rotary encoders. When driving, the encoder can record the rotation angle of each gear shaft, and calculate the transmission error of the two gears according to the blade. The third method is the crane noise detection method. Because the gears are inconsistent with the Japanese villages, the county and the country, the noise and noise, so the accelerometer or the singularity of the singularity of the singularity of the singularity. If the sub-division is compared with the possibility of producing a corresponding frequency-sensitive component, then the noise source of the secondary (4) county can be studied. In addition, the detection can be combined with the use of the stage chase rder tracking technology, the encoder is mounted on the recording axis, and the re-environment encoder Wei Bo 峨 撷 振动 振动 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 The sampling speed of this technology can be adjusted automatically by the speed of the beer, which is suitable for detecting the unstable transmission state. 200921104 As mentioned above, among the three methods of detecting gears, the first method (the result of which is not in line with the gear set)
恶檢測）係針對個別元件進行， 體的傳動誤差。_，此種檢須, 產生的動態效應，以至於姶丨站 * 木百。囚此只要求齒輪的精度，並不足以控 制齒輪的料。其次，轉麟顺術採㈣職與分析設備均 田，貝上乂致無法晋及於以中小企業為主的國產齒輪製造業。 第二種方法（鶴噪音制）賴適用於實際卫作場合，但由於 感刻；並未I[接接觸到齒輪軸，且檢測的訊號易受到環境甚或齒 輪箱其他树的干擾，因此賴方法並不能直娜_輪組的基 本傳動性質。’，這三種方法均為轉(。馳^制，目前尚未 發展成自動化的口口口管技術。目此上述三種習知之齒輪檢測方法皆 各有其缺失，尤其未能在齒輪製造的生產線上進行檢測更是最大 不方便之缺失。因此如何發明一種能在生產線上進行即時且大量 的齒輪誤差檢測系統即顯重要。 【發明内容】 基於上述習知檢測方法的缺失，本發明即深入研究創新，期 提供一種可以結合前述三種習知檢測方法的優點，而發展出更佳 200921104 檢測效果之檢測財助於錄製造鮮在生產線上即可進 行即時且大量的檢測。 緣疋本發月之主要目的即在提供一種齒輪組動態誤差檢測 系統’係可㈣檢測齒輪組之轉速而推算出誤差量之檢測系統， 以方便在生產線上即可進行即時且Af之檢測工作。 本發明之齒輪_態誤差檢咐、統，其組成雜包含： -驅動模組，由-馬達帶動—主動軸猶，該主動轴的前端 。又有夹頭’以夾设—主動齒輪轉動，有一光學式編碼器裂設於 該主動軸上，以輸出脈波訊號； -負載模組.，由—被動軸前端設有一夾頭，供夾設—被動齒 輪’以接X该絲齒輪喃合帶動轉動，有—光學式編碼器裝設於 s亥被動轴上，以輸出脈波訊號； 构裝置’接交該驅動模組與負載模組之光學式編碼器的 脈波訊號，計算每個脈波宽度所經過的時間；及 。电腦控制。陳，接受該驅動模組與負讎組之光學式編碼 的脈波訊號及接戈該計時裝置所計算每個脈波經過的時間， 以計算出每個脈波内的平均轉速。 在上述發明巾，該轉模組之馬達_服馬達。 在上述發明巾’她動模組之馬達可係直接驅動該主動轴轉 動。 在上述發日种，她動模組之馬達可係經過皮帶與皮帶輪組 200921104 帶動該主動軸轉動。 在上述發日种，該絲軸上可钱―飛輪，以保持該主動轴 轉動之慣性。 在上述發明中 在上述發明中 軸之輸出負載。 該主動軸係架設於—架體上。 該負載模組可設有電補車器，_整該動 在上述發日种，該負載模組可藉由—拉力相調整該被動轴 之輸出負載。 在上述發明中，該被動軸係架設於一架體上。 在上述錢巾，該驅動餘及貞載歡分別絲固定於一機板 上，再共同裂設於同-機台面上，且可在频台面上移動位置， 並加以固定。 在上述發明巾，在賴台社鄰近該物動模組和負載模組 之侧設有一線性滑軌，其上供架設量計。 在上述發明中’該等驅動模組和負載模組上所農設之光學式 編碼器係騎4編碼H ;其内有—光栅盤可分職著該等主動轴 及被動轴_，光柵缝面上平均制複數透光槽，轉動時當每 -個透光槽經過-細辦，即產生—脈波訊號輸出。 本發月之齒輪組動_誤差檢測系統’係糊檢測主動齒輪與 被動齒輪的轉速’以推异出被動齒輪與主動齒輪之接觸點位置， 再藉由被動絲已知的制，將該飾齡置與理储形比較， 200921104 以計算出齒形誤差。 【實施方式】 關於本發明為達成上述目I所採狀技術手段及可達致之 功效舉以下較佳可行實關齡關詳細如下，俾利瞭 解。 本lx月回輪組動態誤差檢測系統之檢測原理主要係根據圓形 w輪傳動的基本定律，請配合參閱第—断示，當—對細線正 齒輪唾合傳_，其接觸關公法線必通過連d的固定節點 (P) /、輅動速度比為固定值，且與各輪中心點到節點的距離成 反比。公式表示如下： ^Κ=δ^ρ/δ^ (公式 1) 其中’ 0!、〇2分別為主動齒輪與被動輪的旋轉中心點，叫、％分別 為主動齒輪與被動輪的瞬時轉速。實際上，齒輪表面必然存在齒 形誤差，使得觀比無法储定值，且使得ρ點錄產生變動。 但為了方便作朗，兹假設絲錄具有鮮的漸開線齒形，兩 齒之間僅有—個接觸點，且齒關的摩擦力可以不計，則ρ點位 置仍落在私線之間。而由（公幻）可知，只要餘得社動齒輪 與被動輪的瞬時轉速’則ρ點相對於α點的距離可以推算出來。 接著，本發明以平面幾何的方法來分析齒輪接觸點與ρ點的 關係。如第-圖所不，〇1為主動輪的中心點，κρ為慶力線，Κ點 為壓力線絲圓㈣點，&絲圓半徑，？為壓力角（會因齒形變 200921104 =::==:^ (公式2) (公式3) (公式4) 點相對於〇,點的距 ^2>χ= Οι.χ +RBCos(F)+RB(F+C)sin(F) 〇i.y +RBsin(F)-RB(F+C)cos(F) ^cos^CRb/o^) 由於C、Rb、01均為已知，故可由公式1推算P 離如下： 丨 _ °1?=〇,〇2 ω2/(ωι+ω2) (公式 5) 則Ν2點的座標咸為兩個轉轴速度叫、％的變數，因此只要量取轉 軸速度’即可計算出壓力角F的變化並推算出接觸點的位置，再 藉由已知被動輪的轉角，將接讎的位置與理想的齒形比較 可計算出齒形誤差。 本發明根據上述基本定律完成一套檢測系統，以運用於齒輪 組動態誤差檢咖。惟本發赌輪組祕誤差檢導統之組成架 構有可能會有變化，並非—成不變，故以下兹舉二種較佳可行實 施例配合附_詳細制。請參閱第三圖所示，本發明齒輪組動 恶决差檢測系統組成架構之第一實施例包括一驅動模組，即為 輸入端；一負載模組2〇，即為輸出端；一計時裝置3〇及一電腦控 制部位40 ;其中，該驅動模組1〇(請配合參閱第三圖所示）利用— 伺服馬達11直接驅動一架設於一組架體131上的主動軸13轉動， 200921104 • 該主動軸13上以穿透式安裝有一介於該組架體131間的光學式編 碼器16 ;該主動軸13的前端則設有一夾頭15用以夾設一主動齒 輪17用；該負載模組2〇(請配合參閱第四圖所示）於一被動軸泊 之末端設有—電磁剎車器21，以調整該被動軸23之輸出負载，該 被動軸23係架設於一組架體231上，該被動軸幻上裝設有一夹 頭25及二光學式編瑪器26，該夾頭25設於該被動轴μ之前端， 用以夾設被動齒輪27用，該光學式編碼器26則介於該組架體231 間，並被該被動軸23以穿透式方式安裝。 該驅動模組10及負載模組2〇分別安裝固定於機板上，再共 同裝設於同-勤面上，且可祕該勤面上軸似，以適應 不同尺寸的主動齒輪17和被動齒輪27所構成的齒輪組。因此在 該機台上鄰近該等驅動模組1〇和負載模組2〇之側設有一線性滑 執即，其上供架設量計，以校正主動轴13與被動㈣之平行度， 及权正主動齒輪17和被動酱輪27間之初始嗜合位置，待校正正 確’即可將各模組的機板加以固定。 接著明參閲第五圖所不，本發明齒輪組動態誤差檢測系統組 之第1施例包括—驅動模組1G，，即為輸人端；—負賴 二’即為輪出端；-計時裳置3〇及—電腦控制部位4〇 ;其中， :動模、、且10 (睛配合參閱第六圖所示)設置一概馬達11，，經 與皮帶輪組12’帶動—主動軸13，轉動，該主動軸13，上安 1 —飛輪14’、—夾頭15,及—光學式編碼器16,，該主動軸13, 11 200921104 係架设於-組架體13Γ上，該飛輪ι4,即架設於該組架體⑶，間 用以保持該主動軸13’轉動之慣性，該夹頭15,設於該主動轴13, 前端，用以夾設-主動齒輪17,；該負載模組2G，（請配合參閱第七 圖所示)藉由-拉力計21，以調整-被_23,之輸出負載，該被動 軸23’係架設於-組架體231’上，該被動轴23，上裝設有—夹頭沉 及-光學式編碼器26,，該夾頭25,設於該被動軸23,之前端，用 以夾設被動齒輪2T，該光學式編碼器26，則裝設於該被動軸23, 末端。 該驅動模組10,及負賴、组20,分別安裝固定於機板上，再共 同裝於同-機台社，且可以在該機台面上義位置，以適應不 同尺寸的主動齒輪ΐγ和被動齒輪27,所構成的齒輪組。因此在該 機台上鄰近該等驅動模組10，和負載模组20’之侧設有一線性滑軌 50八上供杀设量計，以校正主動軸13’與被動軸23,之平行度， 及权正主動齒輪17,和被動凿輪27,間之初始喊合位置，待校正正 確，即可將各模、纽的機板加以固定。 乂專光予式編碼器16、16’與26、26’係為增量編碼器、其内 白有個光柵盤可跟隨著轉軸（即對應之主動軸13、13，及被動軸 23、23 )轉動’盤面上平均排列數千個到數萬個透光槽，其實際 數里係依增里編瑪器之解析度設計而設定，使用時當光桃盤中的 # Μ透光槽、餐過—摘測頭時，即產生一脈波訊號輸出。在本發 月中該等光學式編碼器16、16,與26、26,每個脈波寬度所經過的 12 200921104 時間可以由計時裝置30予以計算，^確實掌 時間，「脈波議度)」與r時Z::: =的=轉速。由於本發明之檢_術方法係建立在角度的基 動離4Γ正確掌握到齒輪組嗜接轉動之週期性旋轉系統的 電腦嫌_進-步計算―轉 因為椒編初16、16，㈣、26，驗_和解析度成 '且文限於製造技術’所以不同脈波的寬度不—定相等，因 2正式進仃#輪組軸誤差檢顺必須先予校正，以修正誤差 里^正架構及方法如第八圖所示，使用兩種不同規格的光學式 ’、、、” β其t ’編褐$ a為較高解析度者(例如2, _，卿卿）， 編碼“則為速度檢測_低解析度者(例如：^ 〇〇〇〜2,咖卯r)， 而編如A、B的訊號都經過—脈波計數裝置e進行 兩個編碼哭A、R"s山门， K致’ TO 須由同—個他馬達D同時帶動轉動，以確保 #動角度的致性，該等數據皆傳輸至電腦檢測控制部位仙計 :、’亚經由-驅動器Ε以控制該娜馬達d之轉速，藉以由各種 速比較’以校正光學式修碼II A、B之誤差量。 —運用本發明之檢測系統於齒輪組動態誤差檢測時，請參閱第 五圖所不。檢測前，必須先用量表校正該等主動軸13、:13， :、被動軸23、23’的平行度與中心距，及校正主動齒輪17、17,與 被動回輪27、2? Μ之初始鳴合位置，待綠定後，即將該驅動模組 13 200921104 .、1㈣載模㈣、抓加簡定。正式檢測時，該等 編碼器16、16’與26、26,即將各自的脈波訊號傳送到該計時裝; 洲’該計時裝置30進將每-個速度資料傳送贿腦控制剖位仙 而該電腦控制部位40除了分析資料外，更可以控制調錄驅動模 組10、10的輸入轉速和該負載模組2G、2()，的輪出負載，以、 ::軸13、13’和被動軸23，，的轉速，以方便在 下進行各種動態檢測。 由以上刻可知，本發日肚於域轴13、13 =^上_安裝光學式編碼器16、16，與26、26，，利用該二 :16與26、26的脈波寬度和經過的時，數據，藉以換 异檢測出主動齒輪17、17,和被動齒輪27、27，的轉速，由此計曾 ::靖散轉速。因主動齒輪17、17,為標準齒輪，故所檢測： 的動㈣钟為被動齒輪27、27，的誤差數據。本發_使用全數 位化的檢m具有絲訊干擾及處理資機速的優點。由於 本發明之檢娜直撕縣誠輪17、17，秘_輪27、^，所 構成的㈣輪組進行作業，故檢測結果乃直接取 光學式編知6、16，與26、26，的脈波位置職於主動輛=、 _被她23、23上，因此無論主動軸、13,和被動轴幻、 動轴的2Γ2ΓΙ=’本發明均可檢測出該等主_13、13’和被 疋位置的瞬間速度，並可進一步利用頻譜分析的 5來判斯齒輪組内各元件的嗜合狀況。具體而言，本發明之檢 14 200921104 • /則系統涵蓋傳動誤差與動力傳送的檢測，更因此可以正確地掌握 到受測齒輪（即該被動齒輪27、27，）的歯形曲線，進而計算出其齒 形誤差。由於本發明係以動態方式檢測受測齒輪之齒形，因此可 比習知之靜態檢測方式更有效率。 紅上所述’本發明齒輪組動態誤差檢測系統所採用之檢測技 術及組成架構均為習知檢測系統所不曾採用過，故能具備絕騎 穎性；而且於檢測被動齒輪之動態誤差時，不僅快速且準確，已 完全結合習知檢測方法之伽而摒棄其缺失，故能具備實用進步 性。爰睛依法准予發明專利，實感德便。 惟以上所述.，僅為本發明之較佳可行實施例之揭露，並非因 此即拘限本發明之翻麵，故舉凡翻本發明之技術手段所成 之功效變化，理皆在本發明之專利範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖係齒輪組接觸點相對關係說明圖 第二圖係本發明第一實施例之組成架構示意圖 第—圖係本發明第一實施例中驅動模組之架構示意圖 第四圖係本發明第一實施例中負載模組之架構示意圖 第五圖係本發明第二實施例之組成架構示意圖 第六圖係本發明第二實施例中驅動模組之架構示意圖 第七圖係本發明第二實施例中負載模組之架構示意圖 第八圖係本發明實施例中光學式編碼器校正之架構示意圖 15 200921104 【主要元件符號說明】 10、10’---驅動模組11、11’---伺服馬達12’---皮帶與皮帶輪組 13、13’---主動軸 131、131’一-架體 14’一-飛輪 15、15’ —夹頭 16、16’—光學式編碼器 17、17’一-主動齒輪20、20’一-負載模組 21---電磁剎車器 21’拉力計 23、23’被動軸 231 > 23Γ---架體 25、25’一-夾頭26、26’-一光學式編碼器 27、27’---被動齒輪 30---計時裝置 40―-電腦控制部位 50、50’---線性滑軌A、Β-—光學式編碼器 C---脈波計數裝置 D---伺服馬達· E---驅動器 16Evil detection) is the transmission error of the body for individual components. _, this kind of inspection, the dynamic effect produced, so that the station * Mubai. Prisoning requires only the accuracy of the gears and is not sufficient to control the material of the gears. Secondly, the transfer of Linshun Shunshu (four) and analytical equipment are both in the field, and Beishangyu can not be promoted to the domestic gear manufacturing industry based on small and medium-sized enterprises. The second method (heavy noise system) is suitable for practical hoisting situations, but because of the feeling; not I [contacted to the gear shaft, and the detected signal is susceptible to interference from the environment or even other trees in the gearbox, so the method It is not possible to go straight to the basic transmission properties of the wheel set. 'These three methods are all transferred. It has not yet developed into an automated oral mouth tube technology. The above three conventional gear detection methods have their own shortcomings, especially in the production line of gear manufacturing. It is the most inconvenient to carry out the detection. Therefore, it is important to invent an instant and large number of gear error detection systems on the production line. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is based on the lack of the above-mentioned conventional detection methods. In the meantime, it provides an advantage that can be combined with the above three conventional detection methods, and the detection of better 200921104 detection effect can be used to record the production and the production line can be immediately and extensively detected. The purpose is to provide a gear group dynamic error detection system that can detect the rotational speed of the gear set and calculate the error amount detection system, so as to facilitate the immediate and Af detection work on the production line. Error detection, system, its composition includes: - drive module, driven by - motor - active axis, the initiative The front end of the shaft. There is a chuck 'in the clamping-drive gear rotation, an optical encoder is arranged on the drive shaft to output the pulse wave signal; - the load module., the front end of the passive shaft is provided with a clip The head is provided for the clamping-passive gear to rotate with the wire gear of the X. The optical encoder is mounted on the passive shaft of the shai to output the pulse signal; the device is connected to the driving module. And the pulse signal of the optical encoder of the load module, calculating the time elapsed for each pulse width; and computer control. Chen, accepting the optical coded pulse wave signal of the driving module and the negative group and The timing of each pulse wave calculated by the timing device is calculated to calculate the average rotational speed in each pulse wave. In the above invention towel, the motor of the rotary module is a motor. The motor of the group can directly drive the rotation of the driving shaft. In the above-mentioned Japanese, the motor of the moving module can drive the driving shaft through the belt and the pulley set 200921104. In the above-mentioned Japanese, the silk shaft can be used for money. ―Flywheel to keep the Lord The inertia of the rotation of the moving shaft. In the above invention, the output load of the shaft is the above-mentioned invention. The driving shaft is mounted on the frame body. The load module can be provided with an electric charger, and the movement is performed in the above-mentioned Japanese The load module can adjust the output load of the passive shaft by pulling the force. In the above invention, the passive shaft is erected on a frame body. In the above-mentioned money towel, the drive and the load are fixed respectively. On a machine board, they are jointly cracked on the same machine table, and can be moved and fixed on the frequency table. In the above invention, the mobile phone module and the load module are adjacent to the platform. A linear slide rail is provided on the side, and a gauge is provided thereon. In the above invention, the optical encoders on the drive modules and the load modules are equipped with a 4-code H; Separately, the active shaft and the passive shaft _, the average number of transparent grooves on the grating seam surface, when each of the light transmission grooves passes through the rotation, the pulse signal output is generated. The gear group of the month of the month _ error detection system 'the paste detects the speed of the driving gear and the driven gear' to push the position of the contact point between the driven gear and the driving gear, and then the system is known by the passive wire. The age is compared with the shape of the reservoir, 200921104 to calculate the tooth profile error. [Embodiment] The present invention is described in detail below for the purpose of achieving the above-mentioned technical means and achieving the above-mentioned effects. The detection principle of the dynamic error detection system of the lx month return wheel group is mainly based on the basic law of the circular w-wheel drive. Please refer to the first-break indication, when the contact with the fine-line spur gear is _, the contact with the official line must be The fixed node (P) /, connected by d, has a fixed value and is inversely proportional to the distance from the center point of each round to the node. The formula is expressed as follows: ^Κ=δ^ρ/δ^ (Formula 1) where '0!, 〇2 are the rotation center points of the driving gear and the driven wheel respectively, and the % is the instantaneous speed of the driving gear and the driven wheel respectively. In fact, there must be a tooth error on the surface of the gear, so that the view cannot store the value and cause the ρ point to change. However, in order to facilitate the work, it is assumed that the silk record has a fresh involute profile, and there is only one contact point between the two teeth, and the friction of the tooth can be ignored, and the position of the p point still falls between the private lines. . From (Fantasy), it can be known that the distance of the p point with respect to the α point can be calculated as long as the instantaneous rotational speed of the moving gear and the passive wheel is surplus. Next, the present invention analyzes the relationship between the gear contact point and the p point in a planar geometry. As shown in the first figure, 〇1 is the center point of the driving wheel, κρ is the Qingli line, and the Κ point is the pressure line wire circle (four) point, & silk circle radius,? Is the pressure angle (will be due to tooth deformation 200921104 =::==:^ (Formula 2) (Formula 3) (Formula 4) Point relative to 〇, the distance of the point ^2>χ= Οι.χ +RBCos(F)+ RB(F+C)sin(F) 〇iy +RBsin(F)-RB(F+C)cos(F) ^cos^CRb/o^) Since C, Rb, and 01 are known, they can be formulated by 1 Estimate P from the following: 丨_ °1?=〇, 〇2 ω2/(ωι+ω2) (Equation 5) Then the coordinate of the Ν2 point is the variable of the two shaft speeds, %, so as long as the shaft is measured The speed 'calculates the change of the pressure angle F and derives the position of the contact point. Then, by knowing the rotation angle of the passive wheel, the tooth shape error can be calculated by comparing the position of the joint with the ideal tooth shape. The present invention completes a set of detection systems in accordance with the above basic laws for use in dynamic error detection of gear sets. However, the composition of the error detection system of the gambling wheel set may change, and it is not the same. Therefore, the following two preferred and feasible embodiments are combined with the _ detailed system. Referring to the third figure, the first embodiment of the gear set of the gear set of the present invention includes a driving module, which is an input end; a load module 2〇, which is an output end; The device 3A and a computer control portion 40; wherein the driving module 1〇 (please refer to the third figure) uses a servo motor 11 to directly drive a driving shaft 13 disposed on a group of frames 131 to rotate, 200921104: The drive shaft 13 is provided with an optical encoder 16 interposed between the set of frames 131; the front end of the drive shaft 13 is provided with a collet 15 for clamping a driving gear 17; The load module 2〇 (please refer to the fourth figure) is provided with an electromagnetic brake 21 at the end of a passive axle to adjust the output load of the passive shaft 23, and the passive shaft 23 is erected in a group On the frame 231, the passive shaft is erected with a chuck 25 and two optical horns 26, and the chuck 25 is disposed at the front end of the passive shaft μ for clamping the driven gear 27, the optical type The encoder 26 is interposed between the set of frames 231 and is penetrated by the passive shaft 23 Installation. The driving module 10 and the load module 2 are respectively fixed and fixed on the machine board, and are jointly installed on the same-working surface, and can be secreted on the surface of the service surface to adapt to different sizes of the driving gear 17 and passive. A gear set of gears 27. Therefore, a linear slipper is disposed on the side of the machine adjacent to the driving module 1〇 and the load module 2〇, and a gauge is provided thereon to correct the parallelism between the driving shaft 13 and the passive (4), and the right The initial fit position between the positive drive gear 17 and the passive sauce wheel 27, to be corrected correctly, can fix the plates of each module. Referring to the fifth figure, the first embodiment of the dynamic error detecting system group of the gear set of the present invention includes a driving module 1G, which is an input end; a negative one is a wheel end; The chronograph is set to 3 〇 and the computer control part is 4 〇; among them, the movable mold, and 10 (the eye is matched with the sixth figure), the motor 11 is set, and the drive shaft 13 is driven by the pulley set 12'. Rotating, the drive shaft 13, the upper 1 - flywheel 14', the chuck 15, and the optical encoder 16, the drive shaft 13, 11 200921104 is erected on the - frame body 13 ,, the flywheel ι4, That is, the frame body (3) is arranged to maintain the inertia of the rotation of the driving shaft 13'. The chuck 15 is disposed at the front end of the driving shaft 13, for clamping the driving gear 17, and the load module 2G, (please refer to the seventh figure), with the tension gauge 21, to adjust the output load of _23, the passive shaft 23' is erected on the - frame body 231', the passive shaft 23 The upper body is provided with a collet and an optical encoder 26, and the collet 25 is disposed at the front end of the passive shaft 23 for clamping the driven gear 2T. The encoder 26 is mounted on the end of the passive shaft 23. The driving module 10, and the negative aging group 20 are respectively fixed and fixed on the machine board, and are jointly mounted on the same machine platform, and can be positioned on the machine table to adapt to different sizes of the driving gear ΐγ and Passive gear 27, the gear set formed. Therefore, a linear slide rail 50 is disposed on the machine adjacent to the driving module 10 and the side of the load module 20' for correcting the parallelism of the driving shaft 13' and the passive shaft 23. And the initial positive gear 17 and the passive chisel wheel 27, the initial call-in position, to be corrected correctly, the machine plates of each mold and button can be fixed.乂Special light pre-encoders 16, 16' and 26, 26' are incremental encoders, and there is a grating disk inside which can follow the rotating shaft (ie corresponding to the driving shaft 13, 13 and the passive shaft 23, 23) ) Rotating 'average number of thousands to tens of thousands of light-transmissive grooves on the disk surface, the actual number of which is set according to the resolution design of the Zengli coder, when used, the # Μ light-transmissive groove in the light peach plate, Meal - When the probe is picked, a pulse signal output is generated. In the present month, the optical encoders 16, 16, and 26, 26, the time of each pulse width 12 200921104 can be calculated by the timing device 30, ^ true palm time, "pulse negotiation" With r, Z::: = = speed. Since the inspection method of the present invention is based on the angle of the base motion, the computer is suspected of correctly grasping the periodic rotation system of the gear set, and the rotation of the system is based on the beginning of the 16th, 16th, (four), 26, the test _ and the resolution into 'and the text is limited to the manufacturing technology' so the width of the different pulse waves are not equal, because 2 formal entry 轮 # wheel set axis error correction must be corrected first, to correct the error in the positive structure And the method is as shown in the eighth figure, using two different specifications of the optical ',,,,,, β, t', browning, a, higher resolution (for example, 2, _, Qingqing), the code "is Speed detection _ low resolution (for example: ^ 〇〇〇 ~ 2, curry r), and the signals such as A and B are passed through - the pulse counting device e performs two encodings crying A, R " K to 'TO must be driven by the same motor-D at the same time to ensure the dynamic angle of the #, the data are transmitted to the computer detection control site:: 'Sub-driver to control the motor The rotational speed of d, by which various speeds are compared 'to correct the error amount of the optical repair code II A, B. - Refer to Figure 5 for the dynamic error detection of the gear set using the detection system of the present invention. Before the test, the meter must be used to correct the parallelism and center distance of the drive shafts 13, : 13, : the passive shafts 23, 23', and to correct the drive gears 17, 17 and the passive return wheels 27, 2? The initial ringing position, after the green setting, the driving module 13 200921104 ., 1 (four) loading mode (four), grasping and fixing. Upon formal inspection, the encoders 16, 16' and 26, 26 transmit their respective pulse signals to the timed device; the 'timer' device 30 transmits each of the velocity data to the brain control segment. In addition to analyzing the data, the computer control unit 40 can control the input rotational speed of the recording drive modules 10 and 10 and the wheel load of the load modules 2G, 2(), and :: axes 13, 13' and The speed of the passive shaft 23,, to facilitate various dynamic detection underneath. As can be seen from the above, the present invention is applied to the domain axes 13, 13 = ^ _ mounted optical encoders 16, 16, and 26, 26, using the pulse width and the passage of the two: 16 and 26, 26 At the time, the data is used to detect the rotational speeds of the driving gears 17, 17 and the driven gears 27, 27, and thus the meter has been: Since the driving gears 17, 17 are standard gears, the detected (four) clocks are the error data of the driven gears 27, 27. This method uses the full digital detection to have the advantages of wire interference and processing speed. Since the inspection wheel of the invention is carried out by the inspection wheel of the invention, the test wheel is 27, 17 and the secret wheel 27, ^, and the (4) wheel set is operated, so the detection result is directly taken from the optical type 6, 16, and 26, 26, The pulse position is on the active vehicle =, _ by her 23, 23, so regardless of the master axis, 13, and the passive axis illusion, the axis of the moving axis 2 Γ 2 ΓΙ = 'The invention can detect the main _13, 13' And the instantaneous speed of the position of the bedding, and can further utilize the 5 of the spectrum analysis to determine the associative condition of each component in the gear set. Specifically, the test 14 200921104 of the present invention covers the detection of the transmission error and the power transmission, and thus the curve of the measured gear (ie, the driven gear 27, 27) can be correctly grasped, and then calculated. Its tooth shape error. Since the present invention detects the tooth profile of the measured gear in a dynamic manner, it can be more efficient than the conventional static detection method. The above-mentioned detection technology and composition structure of the dynamic error detection system of the gear set of the present invention are not used by the conventional detection system, so that it can have the ridiculousness; and when detecting the dynamic error of the passive gear, Not only fast and accurate, but also completely combined with the conventional detection method to abandon its lack, so it can be practical and progressive. In view of the fact that the invention patent is granted in accordance with the law, it is really sensible. However, the above descriptions are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the invention, and thus the effects of the technical means of the present invention are changed. Within the scope of the patent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a composition of a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a load module in a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the optical encoder in the embodiment of the present invention. 15 200921104 [Description of main component symbols] 10, 10'---drive module 11 , 11'---servo motor 12'---belt and pulley set 13, 13'---active shaft 131, 131'--frame 14'--flywheel 15, 15' - collet 16, 16' - optical encoder 17, 17'--drive gear 20, 20'--load module 21---electromagnetic brake 21' dynamometer 23, 23' passive shaft 231 > 23 Γ---frame 25, 25' one-clamp 26, 26'-one optical encoder 27, 27'---passive Wheel 30---Timer device 40--Computer control part 50, 50'---Linear slide A, Β--Optical encoder C---Pulse wave counting device D---Servo motor · E-- -drive 16