TW200902344A - Hybrid vehicle drive system - Google Patents

Hybrid vehicle drive system Download PDF

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Publication number
TW200902344A
TW200902344A TW097109636A TW97109636A TW200902344A TW 200902344 A TW200902344 A TW 200902344A TW 097109636 A TW097109636 A TW 097109636A TW 97109636 A TW97109636 A TW 97109636A TW 200902344 A TW200902344 A TW 200902344A
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
wheel
stator
motor
axle
vehicle
Prior art date
Application number
TW097109636A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Peder Ulrik Poulsen
Original Assignee
Alpha Core Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alpha Core Inc filed Critical Alpha Core Inc
Publication of TW200902344A publication Critical patent/TW200902344A/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/14—Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B60L15/2009—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for braking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
    • B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
    • H02K5/173—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings
    • H02K5/1735—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at only one end of the rotor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K2007/0038—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor moving together with the wheel axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K2007/0092—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor axle being coaxial to the wheel axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
    • B60L2220/40—Electrical machine applications
    • B60L2220/44—Wheel Hub motors, i.e. integrated in the wheel hub
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
    • B60L2220/50—Structural details of electrical machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/12—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/421—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/423—Torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/44—Drive Train control parameters related to combustion engines
    • B60L2240/441—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/44—Drive Train control parameters related to combustion engines
    • B60L2240/443—Torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
    • B60L2260/20—Drive modes; Transition between modes
    • B60L2260/28—Four wheel or all wheel drive
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/24—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets axially facing the armatures, e.g. hub-type cycle dynamos
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

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200902344 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明總的來說涉及混合式驅動汽車，更具體的來說涉 及***式的混合式汽車。 本申請案依據35 U.S.C. 119(e)主張2007年3月20日申請 之美國臨時專利申請案第60/919,038號的權利，該臨時專 利申請案之内容以引用的方式併入本文中。 【先前技術】 一些混合式驅動汽車，通稱混合式電動車輛（"HEV")， 包括内燃機及至少一個馬達和一組電池。與全電動車輛相 反在該等第一代混合式車輛中，該等電池沒有從公用電 網上充電而係從由該引擎驅動之發電機上充電。加入該馬 達，藉由使該引擎能夠一直以最經濟的速度運轉並且當該 π車靜止時使該引擎停止而不空轉來改進燃料經濟效益。 在一些混合式車輛中，兩個系統直接驅動該等車輪，而在 其他混合式車輛中’通常所說的串聯混合式車輛中，該引 擎’、驅動一個發電機，該發電機供電該馬達及/或給該等 電池充電。普遍認為，在混合式電動車輛中，該額定電功 率需要與該内燃機之額定功率的數量級相同以纟最佳燃料 已知多種混合式車輛驅動系統且一些已應用於汽車生產 =列：’授證給^。等人之美國專利案第_啊 …。專利")揭不用於汽車之驅動系統，該驅動***包 括用於-動前輪之内燃機和用於驅動後輪之輔助馬達：前 129843.doc 200902344 輪驅動模式和四輪驅動模式兼可操作該車輛。然而，諸如 在該KubG專利中所揭示之㈣統的習知技術系統要求做該 汽車動力傳動系統的重大修改及/或再製造。 ί 授證給Schuhe之美國專利案第M44,427號（"該專 利’’)揭示用於提供並聯動力於混合式車輛中之系統。該系 統包括接合至該車輛之變速裝置之輸入轴的小型馬達。該 Sch备專利描述之該系統適於安裝於習知車輛中，以轉換 該習知車輛成並聯混合式電動車輛。然而，該過程要求加 工凡件以適於該特殊的車輛並要求修改該車輛的初級驅動 糸統，該初級驅動系統包括傳動軸和變速裝置。例如，在 該⑽以專利中所描述的該轉化過程要求拆卸該車輛的變 速裝置和傳動轴，替換該變速裝置輸入軸，並安裝經加工 以適合該特殊變速裝置的馬達至該變速裝置。 已有-些應用輪内馬達於汽車中的先前嘗試。例如，俨 證給SUZUki等人之美國專射請公開案2咖1〇7959號及又 授證給DeVries夕盖ra宙！t + 之美國專利案第5,72M73號揭示輪内馬 運。然而，每 一 ^ Α -ΛΛ- » .. 心 母以先别技術之輪内馬達包括外接該車輪 之圓商形定子。贫μ …4 #不利的，因為它大大地減少刹車 和懸吊元件的可用# ρ弓 二B，並要求全新的訂製車輪。在授 給 C0uture等人之美 ° 的輪内馬達。每_^等^案^，438,228號中亦揭示類似 μ等輪内馬達之先前技術減少 ::::一一間，且亦不適宜—： 希望提供克服先前技術該等缺點的混合式車輛驅 129843.doc 200902344 動系統。另希望提供易於適宜應用在現有的非混合式車輛 之混合式車輛驅動系統。 此外’希望提供包括***式能力之混合式車輛驅動系 統。近年來’已出現新種類的混合式車輛，通常所說的插 入式混合式（"PHEV")，該***式混合式設計成當車輛靜止 時從電網充電。另外，***式混合式改進經濟效益和里 程’因為等量的能量從該電網獲得會比藉由内燃機傳遞獲
得要便宜許多倍 入式混合式，然而 。一些大型汽車製造廠致力於商業化插 它們仍落後若干年。在過去兩年内，一 二PHEV已可以從修護零件市場獲得，該等pHEv通常包括 具有額外電池容量和修改的控制系統的習知混合式，且在 短期内月b夠以全電動模式操作。然而，仍期望改進的具有 ***能力的混合式車輛系統。 【發明内容】
…基於在規則的交通公路上以穩定速率行駛的小汽 車對用於驅動的動力的要求相對小的事實。許多汽車在其 斤仃駛的大約八成時間内只要求ι〇_ι5匹馬力或甚至更少 馬力。在大多數汽車中，續 只要求用於加速和Μ。 4的引擎功率的剩餘部分 習^鱼本發明之主要目標為提供電驅動輔助系統增加至 & π 例如，根據本發明之系統可能包括特別-1& :::輪緣上’最好於後輪…馬達’替換原:車:成 用原有懸吊裝置、刹車 驅動系統也包括位於該車輛 根據本發明之 後車相或別處之電池組和電 129843.doc 200902344 力管理模組。 本發明之另一目標為提+ 驅動系統足夠簡單藉由汽車：動輪内或輪上驅動系統，該 對現有汽車進行改裒。 *理店或普通熟悉機械的車主 本發明之又一目的生2务w 汽車(例如，汽油二對於原來設計只有-内燃機的 便於加入根據本發明之驅動^行=的工廉修改，以便 生產期間藉由工廠婵六 电％纫稀助系統可在 或曰後的任何時二采構時供經鎖商選擇添加 加。 、 、疋J曰添该電驅動輔助系統時添 該2其他目的藉由提供***式混合式車 現***式混合式車輛驅動系統包括用於驅動=實 個或多個車輪之内燃機，·至少—輪上電動馬達， 該汽車之至少—車輪，每—輪上馬達包括^於至η 輪之外側的定子和安裝於至少-車輪之外面的轉子：： 池，位於該汽車内並連接至至少一輪上馬達，用於供電^ ::二：；電池充電器’包括交流/直流電轉換器；及 乂連接器，該交流插座連接器與該電池充電哭連 接’用於當該等電池充電時接收來自外電源的電。。 在-些實施例中，該轉子包括環形陣列磁鐵， 陣列磁鐵圍繞藉由該輪上馬達驅動的該輪的外面:裝㈣ 4疋子ϋ疋於藉由該輪上馬達驅動的該輪和該環形陣 鐵的外側。在一些實施例中，該系統另包括至少— 至該汽車的輪軸且該輪軸貫穿至少一藉由該輪上馬達驅^ 129843.doc 200902344 &且，、中°亥定子固定地安裝於該輪軸的遠端。該系統 可能也包括安裝於該汽車之外部的管道，和經由該管道自 該電池延伸至該輪上馬達之電力電鐵。 本發明之其他目的藉由提供插人式混合式車輛驅動系統 纟實現’、該插人式混合式車輛驅㈣統包括用於驅動汽車 之兩個或更多個第一車輪的内燃機，用於驅動該汽車之兩 ' 冑或更夕個第二車輪的1^個或更多個永磁馬達，其中每一 料永磁馬達附接至該等第：車輪之-之汽車外側，用於 f ❺電至該兩個或更多個永磁馬達之電池，用於接收來自外 電原的又机電的交流插座連接器，及用於轉換該交流電且 長：供^轉換的電能至該電池的電能轉換器。 本發明之其他目的藉由為汽車提供輪上馬達系統來實 現i該輪上馬達系統包括固定地安裝於汽車之輪軸之遠端 的疋子，可圍繞該定子的輪軸内側旋轉的車輪，至少一 %形陣列磁鐵，該環形陣列磁鐵圍繞該車輪之外面安裝且 f 軸向地接近於該定子’和連接至該定子用於接收給該馬達 的電力的電力電纜。 額外提供之混合式車輛系統包括：用於驅動汽車之兩個 或更多個車輪之内燃機，至少一用於驅動該汽車之至少一 車輪的馬達，該馬達包括固定地安裝於輪軸之遠端的定 子’其中車輪可圍繞該輪軸旋轉，和至少一陣列磁鐵圍繞 該車輪的外面安裝且軸向地接近於該定子，至少一電池用 於供電至每一該至少一馬達，包括交流/直流電轉換器的 電池充電器，及與該電池充電器連接用於接收來自外電源 129843.doc 200902344 之電能的交流插座連接器。 用於加入根據本發明之驅動輔助系統之典型候選物係具 有驅動前輪或後輪之内燃機的輕型、小規模至中等規模的 汽車。該驅動輔助系統安裝於一個或兩個輪軸且經由位於 該車之後車箱或別處之電能㈣系統連接至電池組。該驅 動辅助系統基本獨立於該原有驅動系統，且控制元件使駕 駛人能夠按自己的意願分別地或共同地以引擎模式或電驅 動模式操作該車輛。通常’該汽車以料模式發動並達到 經濟行駛速度，然後當接合該驅動輔助系統時，放開該油 門，設定該變速器至。接著’該等輪上馬達可能驅動 該汽車沿著公路以穩定速率以零或最小燃料消耗量行駛。 該引擎可隨時被重新接合並與該驅動輔助系統一起使用或 獨立於該驅動辅助系統使用，但該系統設計成能在大約 60 80〇/〇的仃駛時間裏給自己供電，該行驶時間取決於路況 和駕駛人習慣。該系統可能也能夠以任一模式執行 再生制動。 _ 、根據本發明之其他目的、特徵和優點將自結合圖式閱讀 以下右干有利實施例的詳細說明而明瞭，在該等圖式中相 同的元件藉由相同的旁注數字辨識。 【實施方式】 】示根據本發明之驅動輔助總成。該總成包括藉由 :4支彳牙的汽車之普通非驅動軸2。為清楚起見，諸如 彈η和減震器等懸吊元件以及刹車卡甜都沒有顯示在該圖 129843.doc 200902344 如熟習該技術之人所知，固 圖1 A之該驅動輔助總成和先前 技術之輪内馬達之間的本質 ,...„ 貞匚別之一為該車輪之外側的該 輪上馬達。 據本發明之該驅動總成可被認為係 该輪轴2基本上具有習知纟士 八百$知結構，其包括兩個 承6,但該等錐形滾子軸 牧千軸 平？匕精由增添中心孔及—栓槽 螺紋軸伸出部部分而修改， 又°亥伸出部部分超過該原有扣緊 螺Ί1自8。s亥軸伸出部用來交 用孓谷納凸緣10之轂，藉由拴槽12防 止s亥凸緣之轂旋轉且該 — 凸緣之轂猎由第二螺帽14軸向固 疋。在該例中，該車輪為壓制 馮垒氟的板材金屬結構，其包括轂 16和固定輪胎2〇的輪圈 β亥車輪用螺栓24安裝於凸緣 22，該螺栓24亦固定刹車磾2 平朱“凸緣10中規則分佈的洞提 供通向該等四個或五個車輪螺栓24的通道。 在該實施例中，薄鋼板圈28附接至該向外輪圈18並靠近 該較16之内緣焊在該較16上。扇形稀土高能永久磁卿結 合至該圈28表面且以該等太々 寻水久磁鐵的北極和南極交替地定 向為向著圈28外和向著圈_安排成環形模式。 如圖1Β所示，^子32由像花辦的扇形繞線圈組成並嵌入 南機械-體性塑膠或樹脂，該定子栓至凸緣ι〇，該定子之 向内表面非常接近於該永久磁鐵3〇之陣列。具有向内突出 輪圈36之重鋼板34之第二圈置於非常接近於該定子之對向 之處並_1_胃包圍該等定子線圈和永磁轉子的同時用 來封閉由磁鐵作用的域误。兮梦狭丄a 與P用旳磁％。5亥荨獨立線圈被安排成三個一 組，相互連接並端接成三芯電纜3 8。 129843.doc 200902344 引導該電_由該輪軸内的令心孔且至電能管理模組 42 ’ δ亥電能官理模組與該電池模組料、充電器46(例如包 括一直流至交流電轉換器）和交流插座連接器48(見例如圖 4) 一起位於該汽車之後車箱内或別處。該電池模組44可能 包括，例如，複數個錯酸電池或最好為鐘離子電池。該車 輪總成藉由輪轂蓋40保護隔絕於環境。 該定子線圏32和該鋼圈28包括軸向場永久磁鐵（AFPM) 盤型無刷馬達，一種推；高人田认^ 種很適合用於根據本發明之輪上電辅助 駆動之馬達。在該示範實施例中，該馬達具有等於或小於 該車輪之直徑的直徑和大約2英寸延伸至該車輪外側的厚 度。該系統的外加重量也極小且可能包括例如每車輪大約 辦或更少。根據本發明之—示範系統每車輪在每分鐘 麵轉時提供大約5千瓦或65匹馬力。然而，若有需 要’其他實施例實質上可提供更多的功率用於具體的： 用。例如’根據本發明，AFPM馬達也適用，該AFpM馬達 具有安排成同軸用於增加扭矩的兩個或更多個無芯或鐵芯 定子或兩個或更多個永磁轉子，任何其他可裝進該車輪總 成（見例如圖8A-8B)之馬達也適宜。 圖2A-2B例示根據本發明之驅動系統之另—較佳實施 例，與圖1A所示之實施例具有相同的通用原理。該術Μ 馬達之該定子50包括三角形線圈52，該等線圈安排成環形 不重疊模式並嵌入樹脂以形成盤狀定子5〇。永久磁鐵_ 成具有交替南北極的二個環形模式，第一模式直接安裝於 該盤狀鋼轂56上而第三模式則安|於該外部的環狀鋼圈Μ 129843.doc 12 200902344 上。§亥盤狀定子50安裝於具 —驻於兮认A 孔的凸緣60，該巧緣60 女4於4輪軸小齒輪62之圓柱形 μ丨-—,一 〜呷出邛上。作為比較，圖 3例不般的習知輪軸80和螺帽82。拍祕丄 根據本發明之經修改 的輪軸62包括同心孔64，向外 出超過该％形螺帽66的伸 出部和用於讓鍵栓68在該凸緣6〇 ^ ± T〜部分與栓槽相配之 槽。该軸伸出部亦包含用於插塞式連接器7〇之插座，該連 接盗用來以貧穿該輪軸孔64之線72連接該等定子線圈，而
另一端則連接於置於該車辆内別處之該電能管理模組. 圖5例示根據本發明之另-驅動辅助系統，該驅動辅助 系統安裝於沒有以上描述之該軸伸出部和中心孔之非驅動 輪軸。該實施例包括中心扣緊螺帽9〇,該扣緊螺帽係長形 的、有栓槽的且有螺紋的以容納凸緣92和凸緣之扣緊螺帽 94。輪穀蓋96具有中心滾珠軸承％，該中心滾珠軸承％支 撐包：該電力電纜102之管道1〇〇。如圖6所示，本實施例 之該管道1〇〇向後延伸並經由橡膠襯裏襯套31連接至該車 輛之後車箱，該橡膠襯裏襯套附接至該車輪後面之車體。 在其他實施例中’該管道1〇〇在該車輛的下面延伸至該後 車箱内以避免刺穿該車輛的車體。 圖7Α例示根據本發明之驅動輔助系統之另一較佳實施 例其包括如上所述之該車輪構造、永久磁鐵和定子，但 °又汁成此女裝於原始未修改的輪軸。在本實施例中，該定 子凸緣11 0之圓柱形孔套合於延伸的輪軸螺帽丨i 2上，該輪 軸螺帽旋緊於該輪軸114之原始螺紋上並藉由墊圈U6固定 該軸承總成於恰當的位置。 129843.doc •13· 200902344 该管狀螺帽112藉由特殊鍵栓（沒有顯示）繫緊，該特殊鍵 锃具有接合該螺帽112末端之兩個或三個孔丨丨8之插腳，且 該螺帽在藉由固定螺絲120擰緊之後固定，該固定螺絲相 對於該輪軸末端擰緊。該等定子線122貫穿令空管道 124(例如，矩形管道）’該中空管道栓於或以其他方式固定 至該凸緣110的前端。在一些實施例中，該管道124非常剛 硬’用於吸收來自該定子的扭矩。該管道124從該馬達後 邛的中心延伸至附接總成】26，該附接總成經由位於該後 部擋泥板表面或保險桿的孔與車尾板連接。如圖7；6_7(：所 不，該總成126附接至該車輛的車尾板128，且經由該總成 的管道130為在該後車箱内的該等定子線122提供通道。 圖8A-8B例不如圖7A所示之該驅動系統的變化。如上所 述，本發明之實施例可能包括安排成同軸以增加扭矩之兩 個或更多個定子及/或兩個或更多個永磁轉子。因此，該 例示之實施例包括額外的定子！ 3 2和額外的磁鐵陣列 134/136。在其他實施例中’該系統包括用於更大額定功 率之三個或四個定子和轉子。 圖9係根據本發明之驅動系統之不同實施例，描寫外接 AFPM馬達的特徵，該AFPM馬達外栓於習知汽車之原始車 輪上。内部永久磁鐵陣列142安裝於環狀鋼板14〇上且該定 子凸緣144安裝於滾珠軸承146和148上，該等滾珠軸承位 於空心軸150上，該空心軸150附接至板14〇且自板14〇向外 突出。外部永久磁鐵陣列154安裝於環形板152上，且該等 定子線1 56貫穿與該車輛之該後部車體連接之中空管道 129843.doc -14- 200902344 1 58，例如，以如上所述之該方式。與該原始車輪具有相 同的栓模式的連接凸緣160置於該轂162上並藉由該等車輪 螺帽164固定就位。該連接凸緣} 6〇之一部分係具有中間螺 紋和若干插腳166之圓柱形座架，該圓柱形座架匹配板14〇 中之對應的洞。該車輪馬達藉由中心栓168安裝且該開口 和線接入點藉由輪轂蓋1 7〇覆蓋。 作為一名普通熟悉此項技術者，將從以上描述瞭解到， 本發明提供新穎的系統用於補充動力至汽車，作為修護零 件市場或經銷商安裝的增加“，或作為汽車上備選的原 裝設備。對汽車做極小的修改並增加極小的重量便可執行 本發明。例如，本發明之-些實施例採用汽車的現有輪轴 和車輪。藉由本發明’任何汽車可能輕易地變為混合式車 輛且最好為***式混合式車輛。 歹特徵等描述，但沒有 並且热悉此項技術者的 雖然本發明針對特殊的部件排 打算排除其他可能的排列或特徵 確將可得知許多修改和變化。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1A係 穿過根據本發明之一驅動總 m 1 〇 θε » 〜成之部分縱斷面。 圖1B顯示用於如圖_示之 面 無芯定子。 —- 取中的一水磁轉子和 圖2A係—穿過根據本發明之另一示 成之部分縱斷面。 z、&實施例之—驅動總 圖2B顯示用於如圖2A所示之該總 無芯定子。 中的一水磁轉子和 129843.doc 200902344 圖3係一習知車軸和車軸螺帽對比的一例子。 圖4係一根據本發明之—示範實施例的—電驅動辅助系 統之元件的略圖。 圖5係一穿過根據本發明之另一示範實施例之—驅動輔 助系統的部分剖面圖，該驅動辅助系統安裝於還沒有修改 成接收該系統的一非驅動軸。 圖6係一汽車之後部，該後部裝配有如圖5所示之該驅動 輔助系統。 圖7A係- f過根據本發明之另範實施狀一驅動輔 助系統的部分剖面圖。 圖7B係自側面所視之一汽車之一後部，具有如圖μ所 示之該驅動系統。 圖7C係如圖7B所示之該汽車的—後視圖。 圖8A係如圖7A所示之該驅動輔助系、、统的另—部分剖視 圖’該驅動輔助系統包括-額外的定子和額外的永久磁鐵 陣列。 圖8B係如圖8八所示之該驅動輔助系統的一側視圖。 圖9係根據本發明之另一示節音 十如η ^ 靶貫轭例之一驅動輔助系統 的一部分剖視圖，顯示外連接至—原有車輪。 【主要元件符號說明】 2 輪軸 懸吊臂 錐形滚子轴承 扣緊螺帽 129843.doc -16- 凸緣 栓槽 第二螺帽 轂 輪圈 固定輪胎 凸緣 螺栓 刹車碟 圈 永久磁鐵 定子 薄鋼板 輪圈 電纜 輪穀盖 電能管理模組 電池模組 充電器 交流插座連接器 定子 三角形線圈 永久磁鐵 盤狀鋼毅 -17- 200902344 58 60 62 64 66 70 : 72 80 Γ 82 90 92 94 96 98 100 102 (j 110 112 114 116 118 120 122 124 盤狀鋼圈 凸緣 輪軸 同心孔 螺帽 插塞式連接器 線 輪軸 螺帽 扣緊螺帽 凸緣 扣緊螺帽 輪毅盡 中心滚珠軸承 管道 電力電纜 定子凸緣 輪軸螺帽 輪軸 墊圈 孔 固定螺絲 定子線 中空管道 129843.doc -18- 200902344 126 附接總成 128 車尾板 132 額外的定子 134 額外的磁鐵陣列 136 額外的磁鐵陣列 140 盤狀鋼板 142 内部永久磁鐵陣列 144 定子凸緣 146 滚珠軸承 148 滾珠軸承 150 空心軸 152 圓板 154 外部永久磁鐵陣列 156 定子線 158 中空管道 160 連接凸緣 162 車又 164 車輪螺帽 166 插腳 168 中心栓 170 輪穀盖 129843.doc - 19-

Claims (1)

  1. 200902344 十、申請專利範圍： 1. 一種***式混合式車輛驅動系統，其包括： 一内燃機，用於驅動一汽車之一個或多個車輪； 至少一輪上電動馬達，用於驅動該汽車之至少一車 輪，每一輪上馬達包括一固定於該至少—車輪之外側的 定子和一安裝於該至少一車輪之外面的轉子； — 一電池，位於該汽車内並連接至該至少一輪上馬達， 用於供電至該輪上馬達； (. 一電池充電器，包括一交流/直流電轉換器；及 一交流插座連接器’該交流插座連接器與該電池充電 器連接，用於接收來自外電源的電。 2. 如請求項1之系統， 其中該轉子包括-環形磁鐵陣列，該環形磁鐵哮列圍 繞由該輪上馬達驅動之該車輪之外面安裝；及 其中該定子固定於由該輪上馬達驅動之該車輪和該環 形磁鐵陣列之外側。 ί/ 3·如請求項2之系統，其更包括： 一車輪罩，固 定地附接至由該輪上馬達驅動
    一 $衣形磁鐵陣列。 二轉子，包括圍繞該車輪罩之一内面 巧堤驅動之該車 卜側；及 内面安裝之一第 如請求項1之系統’其更包括：
    動之該至少一車輪；及 馬達驅 129843.doc 200902344 其中該定子固定地安裝於該輪軸 5·如請求項4之系統 其中該輪軸之該遠端包括一第一扣緊螺帽，該第一 緊螺11目用於扣緊由該輪上馬達驅動之該至少—車輪· 其中該輪軸之該遠端更包括一用於容納該定子和〜〜 子保持器之螺紋輪軸伸出部。 定 6. 如請求項4之系統，其中該輪軸係該汽 7. 如請求们之系統， 輪軸。 其中每一輪上馬達包括至少一額外定子和至少一 接近於該至少—額外定子的額外轉子。 β 鐵=項1之錢，其巾該定子包括複數個繞線圈和一 鐵芯中之至少—者。 国 月求項1之系統，其更包括： 大體上環形的板’固定地安裝於 之該輪之外面，該板包括該轉子；輪上馬達㈣ 自°亥板之中心部分向外延伸的軸；及 其中該定子可旋轉地附接至該軸。 1()_ ^求項1之系統，其更包括： 安裝至該汽車之外部的管道；及 馬達電力㈣’經由該管道自該電池模组延伸至該輪上 η.如：求項10之系統，其更包括： 車輪罩，固定地附接至由該輪上 輪，該車輪罩包括一可旋轉聯Μ，馬達黯動之該車 129843.doc 200902344 其中該管道之一遠端連接至該可旋轉聯結器 12.如請求項1 〇之系統， 其中該管道係一大體上剛性管道； 其中該定子固定地附接至該管道的_@ . 其中該管道大體上防止該定子的旋轉。 13.如請求項1之系統，其更包括： 至少一包括一中心孔之輪轴； 延伸至
    至少一電力電繞，經由該中心孔自該電池模組 該定子；及 其中該定子安裝於該輪軸之一遠端。 14·如請求項13之系統， 之鍵检 其中該輪軸之該遠端包括一防止該定子旋轉 1 5 ·如請求項1之系統，其更包括： 一駕駛人可操作的控制器’該控制器與該電池連接， 用於控制提供給該至少一個輪上馬達之電能。 16. 如請求項1之系統，其中該汽車之至少一車輪可藉由核 内燃機和該輪上馬達二者驅動。 17. 如請求項1之系統’其中該内燃機係以柴油為燃料。 1 8 _ —種***式混合式車輛驅動系統，其包括： 一内燃機’用於驅動一汽車之兩個或更多個第一車輪; 兩個或更多個永磁馬達，用於驅動該汽車之兩個或更 多個第二車輪，其中該等永磁馬達之每一個附接至該汽 車該等第二車輪之一個之外側； 一電池’用於供電至該兩個或更多個永磁馬達； 129843.doc 200902344 用於接收來自一外電源之交流 父流插座連接器 電；及 電能轉換器，用於轉換該交流電源並提供經轉換 能至該電池 、 19·如請求項18之系統， 其中該等永磁馬達每一個包括一固定於該第二車輪之 外側的定子和一軸向接近於該定子的可旋轉磁鐵陣列。 20. 如請求項19之系統，
    其中遠可旋轉磁鐵陣列置於該定子的内側； 其中該系統更包括一固定地附接至該第二車輪之車輪 罩，遠車輪罩之至少一部分在該定子的外側；及 其中該車輪罩包括一第二磁鐵陣列，該第二磁鐵陣列 圍繞§亥車輪罩之内面安裝且轴向地接近於該定子。 21. —種用於汽車之輪上馬達系統，其包括： 一疋子，固疋地女裝於一汽車之一輪軸之一遠端； 一車輪’可圍繞該定子内側之該輪軸旋轉； 至少一環形磁鐵陣列’圍繞該車輪之外面安裝並軸向 地接近於該定子；及 一電力電纜’連接至該定子用於接收給該馬達的電 能。 22.如請求項2 1之系統’其更包括： 一車輪罩，固定地附接至該車輪，該車輪罩之至少一 部分在該定子之外侧；及 一第二磁鐵陣列’圍繞該車輪罩之内面安裝且軸向地 129843.doc 200902344 接近於該定子。 23. 如請求項21之系統，其中該輪軸包括一中心孔，且其中 該電力電、纜經由該中心孔延伸至該定子。 24. —種混合式車輛系統，其包括： 一内燃機，用於驅動一汽車之兩個或更多個車輪；
    至少一馬達，用於驅動該汽車之至少一車輪，該馬達 包括一固定地安裝於一輪軸之一遠端的定子，其中一車 輪可圍繞該輪軸旋轉，至少一磁鐵陣列圍繞該車輪之一 外面安裝且軸向地接近於該定子； 至少一電池，用於供電至該至少一馬達之每一者； -電池充電器，包括一交流/直流電轉換器；及 -交流插座連接器’與該電池充電器連接，用於接收 來自一外電源的電能。 25.如請求項24之系統 軸。 其中該輪軸係該汽車之—原裴輪
    129843.doc
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