200900602 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於-種滾動軸承之預塵調 整滾動軸承的預壓，該滾動軸承用來纟 法及裝置，其可調 件。 ^切卫作機械的主軸等構 【先前技術】 自以往，工作機械的主軸，為了# ”對支持主㈣抽承賦舆預紅㉝轉㈡=^ 在軸承初期預壓很大的狀態下使主 -專作機械，右 張而朝半徑方向變形。“轉而發熱’並會因為熱膨 無法變大。因此，轴承方向的變形’使外環熱膨張量 為了解決該等問題，羽土二 調整運轉中的軸承 示—種預壓調整技術，其可 軸承預壓調整的習知 避免預壓過大。例如，有關圓柱滾子 揭示，在外環外徑部上ΐ要在專利文獻1中即有所揭示。該文獻 以油壓或空氣壓 j麵調整環，在該預壓調整環外徑間 方向改變位置，將^ σ墼，0N · OFF切換該加壓使外環朝半徑 預壓。 ㈣簡設定為低速用的重預壓與高速用的輕 獻2中亦觸滾珠車由承麵調整習知技術’在例如專利文 圈間隔件以及外^門^文獻揭示，在組裝於軸承間的内圈間隔件 環間隔件，並在^夕曰，件之中，用線膨脹係數較大的材料製作外 〃 ％間隔件的外徑部上設置冷卻油滴路徑。利 200900602 用内圈間隔件與外環間隔件二者的 ㈣於軸承购運轉中内環膨脹而 向收縮，以輕減預壓，使賴適每。私使外關^件朝軸方 專利文獻1 :觸平8-177852號公報 專利文獻2 :特開平3-732G5號公報 【發明内容】 發明所欲解決之 為重=二氣壓力並設定 此，當切削荷重所造成的半徑方向外曰二二間:因 調整環的收縮側粒填隙片固定的構件予腿 力的承受力。如是’比起不調整間隙 t向外 產生剛性方面較差的問題。 ’該構造會 又，專利文獻2的構造，係使軸承之軸 工作中支持 承的麵並無限定，所有種類均可適用關紐補该滾動軸 解決課題之丰路 置 給予該軸承箱溫 量 立主軸承的預壓調整方法及裝置包含：滾動軸承， 面上；冷卻流路，其冷卻雜承箱承相的内徑 ==流給ί將 200900602 度上的變化，並藉溫度變化造成軸承箱的熱膨脹以及熱收縮，使 ，合於軸承箱之内徑面上的該滾練承的徑向間隙變化以調整預 壓。 ^若依本發明之預壓調整方法或裝置，則由於溫度變化造成軸 承箱熱膨触及熱收縮，使嵌合於軸承狀内徑面上的該滾動軸 承的徑向間隙變化以調整預壓，故軸承裝置承受半徑方向外力不 ^造成剛性降低，並_整設置在該軸承裝置上的滾動轴承的預 壓^且’㈣在運轉中可以調整軸承預壓，故能因應主轴轉速 而經常將滾動軸承的預壓維持在適當的數值。因此，能提高主軸 轉速並實行高速運轉。又，由於使後合著滾動軸承的抽承箱的徑 向間隙變化以調整滾動軸承的預壓，故不論任何滾動軸承種類均 可適用。 ，者，由於係控制用來冷卻軸承箱之冷卻流路的冷卻油流量 而使該徑^離變化，故能湘預先設置在轴承裝置上的冷卻流 路以及，卻油供給裝置。如是，便能減少軸承裝置構造上的改 變，且能減少用來調整滾動軸承預壓的附帶設備設置。 =、f本發明之預壓調整方法中，先測量該軸承箱溫度，並對應 1測量結果控制流量控制閥，以控制該冷卻油的流量。若使用流 量控制閥，便能輕易控制冷卻油的流量。 ，若能測量到滾動軸承的實際預壓便能實行最佳控制，然 而別量實際預壓需要預壓荷重的測量機構，而用來調整預壓的裝 置气趨於大型化。然而，祕吾人減確認出賴與軸承箱溫度 之，的關係，故若能預先實際測量該等關係並作設定，即可藉由 ΐΐϊΐ箱的溫度’而判斷出預壓量。利用測量溫度，便能以簡 皁的感應器測量預壓。 之滾動轴承的預壓調整裝置，宜包含：流量控制閥， i該冷部油供給裝置供給到該軸承箱之該冷卻流路的冷卻 量；軸承箱目標溫度設定部’其將該滾動軸承之預壓變成 適虽預壓_軸承箱溫度設定作為目標溫度；軸承箱溫度測量機 200900602 構’其可測量該軸承箱的溫度；以及控制部，其比較該軸承箱溫 度測量機構的測量溫度與該軸承箱目標溫度設定部所設定的目標 溫，’當測量溫度比目標溫度低時縮小該流量控制閥的流量，^ 測量溫度比目標溫度高時提高該流量控制閥的流量。 田 若依該構造，在運轉時，比較軸承箱目標溫度設定部所設定 的目標$度與軸承箱溫度測量機構所測量的溫度，依該比較結果 調整流量控制閥的開度，使軸承箱實際溫度接近目標溫度，以將 軸承的預壓確保在適當的數值。如是經常對應主軸轉速將滾動軸 Γ 承的預壓維持在適當的數值，便能提高主軸轉速而進行高速 轉。 由於可利用預先設置在軸承裝置上的構件作為冷卻流路以及 冷部油供給裝置，故能提供構造簡單，成本低廉的裝置。 在本發明之滾動軸承的預壓調整裝置中，該軸承箱目標溫度 部對每個該主轴轉速設定目標溫度範圍，並設置有測量該主 5速的轉速測量機構，且該控制部比較對應該轉速測量機構所 =之轉賴雜承箱目標溫度設定部的目標溫度翻，與該轴 承相溫度測量機構的測量溫度，以調整該流量控制閥的開度。 ^箱，度與預壓之間的關係，依滾動軸承的轉速而改 二二,將軸承箱目標^度設定部所設定的目標溫度，依每 定在目標溫度範圍内，則控制部便能以精密度良好 應Ϊ二t制流量控制闊的開度調整，並能防止無法測量反 中-ΐίΓ、:從參考附圖而對以下較佳實施形態所作的說明當 貫施形態以及圖面僅單純係用來圖示以及說 d 範圍並非僅限於此。本發明的範圍應由請求項 來喊。在讀所關面中相同零件編號係表示相同部位。 【實施方式】 200900602 調整裝置^在動軸承之預麼 外筒二==。、=^内=内徑面上’該 【前後—f接觸滾珠軸承4、4作為滚 ίί：^ ° - ^ 主軸1其剞端部la的外徑很大，德太由Α 徑，外(後)端部上設有公螺絲部丨 設成相同外 間隔的方式齡。圓柱滾子軸承3=、環卩1b j方向隔開既定 轴1其前端部ia與中央部的則端面卡止於主 承3的内環3b與前側角接觸滾珠轴承’4的刀内。圓柱，子軸 的間隔部8。又，在後側角接觸滾珠轴承4的以筒狀 並利用鎖在該公螺絲部^的= 合部外環嵌 部如上，角接觸滾珠軸承4、rr y外環嵌合 ^合部6b上。前蓋12的轴承__ 靖6的前端面上，並抵接圓柱滾子軸承3的外環3二=^内 又’後蓋13的軸承阻擋部13a被螺栓u固定 面。 上，並抵接後侧角接觸滾珠軸承4的外環4a ‘问的後端面 該軸承裝置2，具備用冷卻油冷卻轴承 該冷卻機構20包含：冷卻流路21Α、21β，=構20。 上郁供給裝置22，其將冷卻油供給到該:卻㊁:：、5 200900602 21B ;以及供給側油路23A、23B與排出側油路24A、24B，其連接 该荨冷卻流路21A、21B與冷卻油供給裳置22。 冷卻流路21A、21B互相獨立地設置在軸承箱5其内筒6 外筒7的嵌合部中分別對應圓柱滾子軸承3以及角接觸滚珠軸承 4、、4的軸方向位置上，冷卻流路21a(21b)，係由前後兩端的圓 周溝槽21Aa、21Ab(21Ba、21Bb)，與連通該等前後圓周溝槽 21Aa、21Ab(21Ba、21Bb)的螺旋溝槽21Ac(21Bc)所構成的。在;人 卻流路21A、21B其軸方向外側之内筒6與外筒7祕合 & 別設置了密封構件25。 、冷卻流路21A(21B)的兩端設置了朝外筒7之外周面開口的給 油口 26A(26B)以及排油口 27A(27B)。給油口 26A(26B)透過供給 側油路23A(23B)連接冷卻油供給裝置22。排油口 27A(27B)透過 排出侧油路24A(24B)連接冷卻油供給裝£ 22。藉此構成閉路循 環型油路，用冷卻油供給裝置22調整過溫度的冷卻油，通過供 給側油路23A(23B)供給到冷械路21A(21b)，並在流過冷卻流 路m(2iB)時冷卻軸承箱5，然後通過排出側油路24A(24b)回至1L 冷卻油供給裝置22。在排出側油路24A(24B)中，設置了流量# 綱28A(28B)，可控制流過油路的冷卻油流量。該流量控制^ 28A、28B ’例如可以是電磁控制閥，其以電磁控制滅閥門的開 度。 該冷卻機構20本來是用來冷卻軸承箱5的構件，惟亦可用 ，二3、4、4的預壓調整上。亦即，控制冷卻油的流量以賦與 軸^目5溫度變化’溫度變化使軸承箱5熱膨脹以及熱收縮，以 此讓嵌合於該軸承箱内筒6之外環欲合部6a、eb上的轴承3 : 4、4的徑向間隙變化，以調整各轴承的預壓。 =動轴承的預壓調整裝置包含：上述冷卻機構2〇 ;流量控制 ;軸承T度計3U、31B，其用來當作軸承箱溫度 構’可分酬量軸承箱5(圖示實補為軸承肋筒6)之 圓柱滾子軸承3以及角接觸滾珠軸承4、4的外周部分的溫度； 12 200900602 轉速計32，其用來當作轉速測量 及控制裝置33，其係由CPU _ ^主轴1的轉速；以 裝置33具備軸承箱目標溫度口圖2所示的，控制 35B。該控制裝置33與流量；^/ =、，與控制部35A、 41。 控制閥28A、28B構成賴調整系統 ^：Ϊί；1«：ί1^334Β ' r：,；：It Γφ : :形成過大預壓的適;外=每：分不 36B測量軸承3、4的外崎，邊手動: 2=1 調整冷卻油的缝，#外環溫度計繼、 ^測^到的外 =溫度變成該適當外環溫鱗，將軸承箱溫度計3u、所測 2的軸承箱目標溫度。實際上，軸承箱目標溫度設 二在飞，該溫_以上侧量溫度躲準並在上 下既定範圍内設定不感應地帶。對各侧段_速實行該設定方 式二如，3(A)、（B)所示的，對每個階段的主軸轉速的設定其轴 承箱目標溫度。 Ο 二〜預壓調整系統41的控制部35A(35B)，回饋以如上所述方式 «又疋之轴承箱目標溫度，並控制冷卻油流量。亦即，從設定在軸 承箱目標溫度設定部34A(34B)的溫度資訊之中，提取出對應轉速 計32之測量溫度的軸承箱目標溫度，比較該目標溫度與軸承箱 溫度計31A(31B)的測量溫度’當測量溫度比目標溫度低時，縮小 預壓調整系統41之流量控制閥28A(28B)的開度，當測量溫度高 於目標溫度時提高流量控制閥28A(28B)的開度。如是控制冷;^液 的流量，使實際轴承箱溫度接近軸承箱目標溫度。由於軸承箱目 標溫度設定部34A(34B)所設定的目標溫度，係依每個主轴1的轉 速設定目標溫度範圍，故能以簡單且精確的方式用控制部 13 200900602 ⑽麵，㈣_等無法測量 調整轉冷二，^:軸承箱5的溫度 ”合於轴承箱内筒6 4=:;1心 的么向間，，亦即軸承的干涉f改變，如是便敕 故整裝置可調整運轉中之軸承3 預麼， 主軸1低速旋轉時設為重預壓 】ϋ數值。例如，當 應轉速轉輕_麵，便料 =時4低麵。如是對 壓的關係，故不問滾動軸承===滾^、4、4的預 使用圓轴承3以及角接觸滾珠軸用“在==錐： 子軸承4其他種類的滾動軸承。例如，當使用g 生像習知㈣專敝獻_，故不會發 再者，該實施形態係使用、、*旦枷又门】丨生降低的情況。 的流量，故流量栌制易於浐广里控制閥28Α、28β控制冷卻油 ϊ。“讎調高精密度的方式調整預 時，轴承裝置2 承裝置2上新設預壓調整裝置 附帶設備設置。 乂'、，可減少用來調整滾動轴承預壓的 制冷卻油㈣量絲好的。然而壓，從實際預壓來控 化，故實際運用上仍宜以本發明的要預法壓調m大型 200900602 如以上所述，係邊參照圖面邊說明較佳實施例，若是本技術 領域從業人員閱讀本案說明書，定可在顯而易見的範圍 二 及各種變更以及修正。因此，該等變更以及修正，應解 : 請求範圍所決定之本發明的範圍内。 馮仍在 圖式簡單說明】 ，1係表示本發明實施形態之軸承裝置的剖面圖與 之預壓調整裝置的概念圖二者所組合的圖示。 、〜動軸承 ，2係冷卻油流量控制系統的方塊圖。 1)。、⑻係表示記憶在轴承箱目標溫度設定部之資料内 圖 容的說明圖 【主要元件符號說明】 1主軸 la前端部 lb中央部 lc公螺絲部 2軸承裝置 3滾動軸承（圓柱滚子軸承） 3a外環 3b内環承) 4b内環 5軸承箱 6内筒 6a、6b外環嵌合部 7外筒 8、9間隔部 4滾動軸承（角接觸滾珠輪 4a外環 200900602 10螺帽 11螺栓 12前蓋 12a軸承阻擋部 13後蓋 13a軸承阻擋部 20冷卻機構 21A冷卻流路 21Aa、21Ab圓周溝槽 21Ac螺旋溝槽 21B冷卻流路 21Ba、21Bb圓周溝槽 21Bc螺旋溝槽 22冷卻油供給裝置 23A、23B供給側油路 24A、24B排出侧油路 25密封構件 26A、26B 給油口 27A、27B 排油口 28A、28B流量控制閥 31A、31B轴承箱溫度計 32轉速計 33控制裝置 34A、34B轴承箱目標溫度設定部 35A、35B控制部 36A、36B外環溫度計 41預壓調整系統 16200900602 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to preloading of a pre-dusting rolling bearing for a rolling bearing, which is used for a boring method and a device, and an adjustable member thereof. ^The main shaft of the machine is cut [previous technique] Since the beginning of the work machine, the main shaft of the working machine, for the support of the main (four) pumping 舆 pre-red 33 rpm (two) = ^ in the initial preload of the bearing is very large The main-specialized machine, the right one is deformed in the radial direction. "Turning to heat" will not become bigger because of the thermal expansion. Therefore, the deformation of the bearing direction makes the outer ring thermal expansion amount. In order to solve these problems, the bearing in the feather earth adjustment operation shows a pre-pressure adjustment technique, which can prevent the pre-pressure from being excessively large. For example, regarding the cylindrical roller, it is revealed that the outer diameter portion of the outer ring is disclosed in Patent Document 1. In this paper, the oil pressure or air pressure is used to adjust the ring, and the position is changed between the outer diameters of the pre-pressure adjusting rings, and the pressure is switched by ^σ墼, 0N · OFF to pre-press the outer ring toward the radius. (4) Jane is set to be used for low-speed heavy preloading and high-speed use. 2 also touch ball bearing is controlled by the bearing surface. In the literature, for example, the patent ring spacer and the external door are disclosed in the bearing. The inner ring spacer ring spacer, and in the case, the material is made of a material having a large coefficient of linear expansion, and a cooling oil droplet path is provided on the outer diameter portion of the spacer.利 200900602 With both the inner ring spacer and the outer ring spacer (4), the inner ring expands and contracts during the bearing purchase operation to reduce the preload, so that it is suitable for each.私 使 外 专利 专利 专利 专利 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 3- 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 732 The radial direction caused by the cutting load is between the two sides: the bearing force of the fixed member of the adjusting ring is compensated by the fixed force of the spacer. If it is 'never worse than the adjustment of the gap t, the rigidity is poor. 'This structure will be further, the structure of Patent Document 2 is that there is no limit to the surface of the support shaft in the bearing work of the bearing, and all types can be applied to the balance of the roller shaft to solve the problem. The pre-pressure adjustment method and device for the main bearing include: rolling bearing, surface; cooling flow path, the inner diameter of the cooling miscellaneous bearing bearing phase == flow to ί will change on 200900602 degrees, and the bearing box is caused by temperature change The thermal expansion and the heat shrinkage cause the radial clearance of the rolling bearing to fit on the inner diameter surface of the bearing housing to adjust the preload. According to the pre-pressure adjustment method or device of the present invention, the bearing housing is thermally expanded and thermally contracted due to temperature changes, so that the radial clearance of the rolling bearing fitted to the bearing-shaped inner diameter surface is changed to adjust the preload, so The external force of the bearing device in the radial direction does not cause the rigidity to decrease, and the pre-pressure of the rolling bearing disposed on the bearing device is satisfied and '(4) the bearing preload can be adjusted during operation, so the rolling bearing can be often used in response to the spindle rotation speed. The preload is maintained at an appropriate value. Therefore, the spindle speed can be increased and high speed operation can be performed. Further, since the radial clearance of the suction box of the rolling bearing is changed to adjust the preload of the rolling bearing, it is applicable regardless of the type of the rolling bearing. In addition, since the diameter of the cooling oil flowing through the cooling flow path of the bearing housing is controlled to change the diameter, the cooling flow path and the oil supply device which are provided in advance on the bearing device can be provided. As a result, changes in the construction of the bearing unit can be reduced and the associated equipment settings for adjusting the preload of the rolling bearing can be reduced. =, f In the pre-pressure adjustment method of the present invention, the bearing housing temperature is measured first, and the flow control valve is controlled corresponding to the 1 measurement result to control the flow rate of the cooling oil. If a flow control valve is used, the flow of cooling oil can be easily controlled. If the actual preload of the rolling bearing can be measured, the optimal control can be performed. However, the actual preloading measuring mechanism that requires the preloading load is used, and the device gas for adjusting the preloading tends to be large. However, the secret person confirms the relationship with the temperature of the bearing housing. Therefore, if the relationship can be actually measured and set in advance, the preload amount can be judged by the temperature of the box. Using the measured temperature, the preload can be measured with a simple soap sensor. The preload adjusting device of the rolling bearing preferably includes: a flow control valve, i the cooling amount of the cooling flow path supplied to the bearing housing by the cold oil supply device; the bearing box target temperature setting portion 'the preloading of the rolling bearing The pressure is changed to the preload _ bearing housing temperature setting as the target temperature; the bearing box temperature measuring machine 200900602 is configured to measure the temperature of the bearing housing; and the control portion comparing the measured temperature of the bearing housing temperature measuring mechanism with the bearing The target temperature set by the tank target temperature setting unit, 'When the measured temperature is lower than the target temperature, the flow rate of the flow control valve is reduced. ^ When the measured temperature is higher than the target temperature, the flow rate of the flow control valve is increased. In the structure, Tian Ruoyi compares the target value set by the bearing box target temperature setting unit with the temperature measured by the bearing housing temperature measuring mechanism, and adjusts the opening degree of the flow control valve according to the comparison result to make the bearing housing actual. The temperature is close to the target temperature to ensure that the preload of the bearing is at an appropriate value. If the preload of the rolling shaft bearing is maintained at an appropriate value in accordance with the spindle speed, the spindle speed can be increased and the speed can be increased. Since the member previously provided on the bearing device can be used as the cooling flow path and the cold portion oil supply device, it is possible to provide a device which is simple in construction and low in cost. In the preload adjusting device of the rolling bearing of the present invention, the bearing tank target temperature portion sets a target temperature range for each of the spindle rotational speeds, and is provided with a rotational speed measuring mechanism that measures the main fifth speed, and the control portion compares the corresponding rotational speeds. The target temperature of the shifting target temperature setting unit of the measuring mechanism=the measured temperature of the bearing phase temperature measuring mechanism is adjusted to adjust the opening degree of the flow control valve. ^The relationship between the box, the degree and the preload is changed according to the rotation speed of the rolling bearing, and the target temperature set by the bearing box target setting unit is set within the target temperature range, the control unit can Good precision should be adjusted according to the width of the two-t flow control, and can prevent the inability to measure the anti-center. : 从 : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : It is used to illustrate and say that the range of d is not limited to this. The scope of the invention should be shouted by the request. The same part number indicates the same part in the reading face. [Embodiment] 200900602 Adjustment device ^ Pre-action of the movable bearing 2 ==. , = ^ inside = inner diameter surface 'The front and rear - f contact ball bearing 4, 4 as a roll ίί: ^ ° - ^ The outer diameter of the main shaft 1 of the main shaft 1 is large, the German is too large, outside ( The rear part is provided with a male screw portion which is set to the same outer interval. Cylindrical roller bearing 3 =, ring 卩 1b j direction is spaced apart from the predetermined axis 1 and the end face ia and the end face of the center portion are locked in the inner ring 3b of the main bearing 3 and the front side angular contact ball bearing '4. The cylinder, the spacer 8 of the sub-shaft. Further, in the rear side angular contact ball bearing 4, the cylindrical outer ring fitting portion of the ball bearing 4 is locked by the male screw portion, as described above, the angular contact ball bearing 4, rr y outer ring fitting portion 6b . The bearing of the front cover 12, the front end surface of the Jing 6 , abuts against the outer ring 3 of the cylindrical roller bearing 3, and the bearing blocking portion 13a of the rear cover 13 is fixed by the bolt u. The rear end surface of the ball bearing 4 is contacted with the outer ring 4a. The rear end surface of the bearing 4 is provided with the cooling oil to cool the bearing. The cooling mechanism 20 includes cooling passages 21, 21, and 20. The upper supply device 22 supplies cooling oil to the: two::, 5 200900602 21B; and the supply side oil passages 23A, 23B and the discharge side oil passages 24A, 24B which are connected to the weir cooling passages 21A, 21B With the cooling oil supply skirt 22 . The cooling flow paths 21A, 21B are disposed independently of each other in the bearing housing 5, and the fitting portions of the inner cylinder 6 and the outer cylinder 7 correspond to the axial direction of the cylindrical roller bearing 3 and the angular contact ball bearings 4, 4, respectively, and the cooling flow The path 21a (21b) is composed of circumferential grooves 21Aa, 21Ab (21Ba, 21Bb) at the front and rear ends, and a spiral groove 21Ac (21Bc) that communicates the front and rear circumferential grooves 21Aa, 21Ab (21Ba, 21Bb). . The inner tube 6 on the outer side in the axial direction of the flow path 21A, 21B is in close contact with the outer tube 7 and the sealing member 25 is not provided. At both ends of the cooling flow path 21A (21B), an oil supply port 26A (26B) opening to the outer peripheral surface of the outer tube 7 and an oil discharge port 27A (27B) are provided. The oil supply port 26A (26B) is connected to the cooling oil supply device 22 through the supply side oil passage 23A (23B). The oil discharge port 27A (27B) is connected to the cooling oil supply unit 22 through the discharge side oil passage 24A (24B). Thereby, the closed-circuit circulation type oil passage is configured, and the cooling oil having the temperature adjusted by the cooling oil supply device 22 is supplied to the cold-machine path 21A (21b) through the supply-side oil passage 23A (23B), and flows through the cooling flow path m ( 2iB) The bearing housing 5 is cooled, and then returned to the 1 L cooling oil supply device 22 through the discharge side oil passage 24A (24b). In the discharge side oil passage 24A (24B), a flow rate #28A (28B) is provided to control the flow rate of the cooling oil flowing through the oil passage. The flow control ^ 28A, 28B ' can be, for example, an electromagnetic control valve that electromagnetically controls the opening of the valve. The cooling mechanism 20 is originally used to cool the bearing housing 5, but can also be used for preload adjustment of the two, three, four, and four. That is, the flow rate of the cooling oil is controlled to impart a temperature change of the shaft 5, and the temperature change causes the bearing housing 5 to thermally expand and thermally contract, thereby fitting the outer ring portion 6a, eb of the inner tube 6 of the bearing housing. The radial clearance of the upper bearing 3: 4, 4 changes to adjust the preload of each bearing. The pre-pressure adjusting device of the moving bearing includes: the above-mentioned cooling mechanism 2〇; flow control; bearing T-meter 3U, 31B, which is used as the bearing housing temperature structure 'reducible amount of bearing housing 5 (shown as The cylindrical roller bearing 3 of the bearing rib tube 6) and the temperature of the outer peripheral portion of the angular contact ball bearing 4, 4; 12 200900602 Tachometer 32, which is used as a rotational speed measuring and controlling device 33, which is controlled by the CPU _ ^ spindle The rotational speed of 1; the device 33 is provided with a bearing housing target temperature port as shown in Fig. 2, and control 35B. The control device 33 and the flow rate; ^/ =, and the control units 35A, 41. The control valves 28A, 28B constitute a Lai adjustment system ^: Ϊί; 1«: ί1^334Β 'r:,;: It Γ φ : : Forming an excessive preload; External = Every: No 36B Measuring the bearings 3, 4 of the outer Saki Manually: 2=1 Adjust the seam of the cooling oil, #外环温度计仪, ^Measure the external temperature = the temperature of the appropriate outer ring, the bearing box thermometer 3u, the measured bearing temperature of the bearing box. In fact, the target temperature of the bearing housing is set to fly, and the temperature above the temperature is hidden and the non-sensing zone is set within the predetermined range. This setting method is applied to each side section _ speed. For example, as shown in 3 (A) and (B), the bearing target temperature is set for the spindle rotation speed of each stage. Ο 2 - The control unit 35A (35B) of the pre-pressure adjustment system 41 feeds back the target temperature of the bearing housing as described above and controls the flow rate of the cooling oil. That is, from the temperature information set in the bearing case target temperature setting portion 34A (34B), the bearing case target temperature corresponding to the measured temperature of the tachometer 32 is extracted, and the target temperature is compared with the bearing case thermometer 31A (31B). The measured temperature 'when the measured temperature is lower than the target temperature, the opening degree of the flow control valve 28A (28B) of the pre-pressure adjusting system 41 is reduced, and the opening degree of the flow control valve 28A (28B) is raised when the measured temperature is higher than the target temperature. If the flow rate of the liquid is controlled, the actual bearing tank temperature is close to the target temperature of the bearing housing. Since the target temperature set by the bearing housing target temperature setting unit 34A (34B) sets the target temperature range for each spindle 1, it is possible to use the control unit 13 200900602 (10), (4) _, etc. in a simple and accurate manner. The measurement adjustment turns to cold 2, ^: the temperature of the bearing box 5 is combined with the inner cylinder of the bearing box 6 4 =:; 1 the direction of the heart, that is, the interference f of the bearing changes, if it is a note, the whole device can be adjusted and operated. In the case of the bearing 3 in the middle, the spindle 1 is set to the heavy preloading ϋ value when rotating at low speed. For example, when the speed should be turned to light _ surface, then the material = 4 low surface. If it is the relationship of pressure, do not ask the rolling bearing === For the pre-use round bearing 3 of the ^, 4, and 4, and the angular contact ball bearing, "in the == cone: sub-bearing 4 other types of rolling bearings. For example, when the use of g-images (4) is dedicated to _, it will not be sent, and this embodiment is used, and the case is reduced. The flow rate, so the flow control system is easy to control the control valve 28Α, 28β control cooling oil ϊ. “In the high-precision adjustment mode, the new pre-pressure adjustment device on the bearing unit 2 is equipped with the equipment setting. 乂', can reduce the cooling oil used to adjust the preload of the rolling bearing. However, the pressure is controlled from the actual pre-pressure, so the actual application is still suitable for the pre-fabrication of the present invention. The large-scale 200900602 is as described above, and the preferred embodiment is described with reference to the drawings. Readers of the field will be able to read the description of the present invention, and will be able to understand the scope and modifications of the invention. Therefore, the changes and amendments should be resolved within the scope of the invention as determined by the scope of the request. 1 is a combination of a cross-sectional view of a bearing device according to an embodiment of the present invention and a conceptual diagram of a pre-pressure adjusting device. A moving block, a block diagram of a 2-system cooling oil flow control system. (8) is an explanatory diagram of the contents of the data stored in the target temperature setting section of the bearing housing. [Main component symbol description] 1 spindle la front end part lb central part lc male screw part 2 bearing 3 rolling bearing (cylindrical roller bearing) 3a outer ring 3b inner ring bearing 4b inner ring 5 bearing box 6 inner cylinder 6a, 6b outer ring fitting portion 7 outer cylinder 8, 9 spacer portion 4 rolling bearing (out of angular contact ball wheel 4a Ring 200900602 10 nut 11 bolt 12 front cover 12a bearing blocking portion 13 rear cover 13a bearing blocking portion 20 cooling mechanism 21A cooling flow path 21Aa, 21Ab circumferential groove 21Ac spiral groove 21B cooling flow path 21Ba, 21Bb circumferential groove 21Bc spiral Groove 22 Cooling oil supply devices 23A, 23B Supply side oil passages 24A, 24B Discharge side oil passage 25 Sealing members 26A, 26B Oil supply ports 27A, 27B Oil discharge ports 28A, 28B Flow control valves 31A, 31B Bearing box thermometer 32 tachometer 33 control device 34A, 34B bearing housing target temperature setting unit 35A, 35B control unit 36A, 36B outer ring thermometer 41 pre-pressure adjustment system 16