TW200838174A - Apparatus of monitoring optical fiber fault of passive optical network and related method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a method of monitoring optical fiber fault of a passive optical network. A monitoring device for monitoring optical fiber fault in a passive optical network is installed in an machine room, and a reflection device of a specific monitored wavelength is installed behind the terminal of each split routing of the passive optical network and before an optical network unit. An optical path selector is controlled to switch to optical paths to be tested orderly and an optical signal of a monitored band is input into the optical path. After being integrated by a wavelength division multiplexing device, the optical signals of a service band and the monitored band transmit in an optical fiber to be monitored, and then enter the reflection device of the specific monitored wavelength through an optical cable, an optical splitter, and terminal of each split routing. In the reflection device of the specific monitored wavelength, only optical signals with the specific monitored wavelength are reflected back to the machine room. Meanwhile, a spectrometer in the machine room receives and measures the reflected optical signals with different monitored wavelengths from each split routing, thus obtaining the present waveform information. Finally, the reflected waveform information is analyzed to determine the present condition of each split routing of the optical fiber.

Description

200838174 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種使用簡便且成本低之被動式光網路光纖障 礙之監測裝置及方法。 【先前技術】 隨著全球網際網路的急遽成長，傳統網路已無法應付通訊革 命造成對高速資訊傳輪應用之需求，而光電產業技術的成熟及產 D品應用的多樣化，適時為急遽成長的全球網際網路、高品質多媒 體網路及各種數據通訊所需要之大量頻寬，提供最佳的解決途 徑，因此，各種光通訊網路架構相繼出現，其中又以被動式光網 路服務系統最被看好，為因應此服務系統未來大量使用後，其特 殊網路架構的監測需求，有必要發明能方便監職動細路各分 歧路由之裝置與方法。 被動式光祕因各分歧路蚊先天雜設計緣故，進行光纖 C監測向來有其困難度，先前有使用光時域反射器(〇pticai Time D_in Refleetometef，GTDR)的監财式，但在辦献射器執跡 圖上，所有分歧之後的信號均疊加在一起，無法單獨識別任一分 歧路由；為解決識別問題，有在分歧路由末端加裝主動識別組件， 但需配合通信網路與___電腦互動，往往增加監測系統 複雜度；亦有歸長位移光纖加反射單元做為識顺件，但因分 歧路由長郎-，於設計與安料均有翻難性；尤有甚者，此 種利用光時域反能做為朗主_方式，在路料歧數目辦多 5 200838174 3寸’因光時域反射器之動態範圍(Dynamic Range)與事件盲區(Event Dead Zone)限制之故’使得監測目標往往變得不可行。 另一方面，亦有用可調式雷射(几皿!^ Laser)光源、光循環 器，光功率計再於末端搭配光纖光柵濾波器(Fiber Bragg Grating， FBG)之設計’雖可達偵測障礙目的，唯其量測各分歧光纖路由時， 热法同時顯稍有路由即時觀，且須㈣可調式雷射光源輪流 切換不同的監測波長，當路由之分歧數愈多時，耗時愈久。 ° 由此可見，上述習用方式仍有諸多缺失，實非良善之設計， 而亟待加以改良。 本案發明人鑑於上述制方式所衍生的各項缺點，乃亟思加 以改良創新，並經多年苦^職潛心研究後，終於成功研發完成 本件被動式光網路光纖障礙監測裝置及方法。 【發明目的】 本發明之主要目的係在於提供—種在機騎可監測光纖路由 ^是否斷線或光損失值過大，_確料是服務系統或光纖路由之 問題，並正確雜地顯稍礙之路由餘態，崎鱗運成本並 提高維修效率的被動式細路先_礙朗裝置及方法。 【發明内容】 為達成上述目的’本發明所提供之被動式細路細障礙監 測裝置及方法，係利用-組光纖監_置即時監測被動式光網路 反射回來之不同監測波長與光功率，以達到光纖障礙監測之目 6 200838174 的主要疋利用光譜分析儀即時量測光網路反射回來之不同監 .測波長及其光功率，控制電腦將此量測資料進行比對分析，判定 •分歧光纖路由之最新狀態，做為告警與後續處理流程之依據。 【實施方式】 明參閱圖-，本發明所提供之被動式細路光纖障礙監 置，包括： 一寬頻帶監測光源模組16 ; Ό 一光循環器17 ; 一光譜分析儀19 ; 一控制電腦18 ; 一分波多工元件13 ;以及 一光路選擇器24。 其中’監測的主要裝置位於機房10，光線路終端（〇pticaiLine Termi蛾0LT)11送出服務波段12 #光訊號至分波多工元件i3， 而監測裝置則由寬頻帶監測光源模組16經由光循環器17送出監 )測波段15 #光訊號至分波多工元件13，分波多工元件13將此兩 種波段的光訊號整合送出，經由光纖14、機房外的光纜2〇，再至 光分歧21，分光至多個分歧光纖路由，到各路由之末端，整合 之光訊號進人特定監測波長反射元件22 ;於此，服務波段12的光 訊號可通過特定監測波長反射元件22，進入光網路單元（〇邱㈤ Wetw〇rkUnit，ONU) 23 ’提供用戶服務；而監測波段15的光訊號 進入特定制波長反射元件22時，对特定的監峨長會被反 射，監測波段15巾的其餘波長則被赫，其巾分歧路由中的每個 7 200838174 特定監測波長反射元件22都只能反射唯一且不同的監測波長；反 射後的監測波長循著反方向，沿著光分歧器21、光纜20、光纖14， 進入分波多工元件13，經光循環器17，被光譜分析儀19接收並 量測’進而得到整個分歧光纖路由末端的反射波形圖（如圖二所 示），控制電腦18則擷取此波形圖，對不同路由之反射波形ι91 進行比對分析，即可得到整個分歧光纖路由最新的狀態資訊，並 做為告警專後續流程之依據。 本發明所用之監測波段不限定1625 nm波段，亦可使用 1310nm波段及1550 nm波段做為監測波段。 本發明亦可搭配光路選擇器(〇ptical Channel Selector，OCS) 24,如圖三所示，其監測原理如同圖一，但加裝光路選擇器經由控 制電腦依監職程可城不㈤光路將監測的域路錄與區域擴 大’以提高監測裝置的使用效益，降低監測的單位成本。 & 【特點及功效】 本發明所提供之被動式光網路光娜礙監峨置及方法，與 •其他習用技術相互比較時，更具備下列優點： 本考X月可在機房端以監測裝置，配合末端之特定監測波長 反射元件提供可行、可靠、簡便、經濟之被動式光網路多 分歧光纖路由監測方法。 2、本發明可在一個被動式光網路上同時監測並顯示64個以上 刀支路由的表新況狀，實現快速、大量監測的目標。 8 200838174 3、 本發明可於機錢行單端、長_自動朗，可快速正確 黯服務m光祕由之障礙，纟各分歧路由的最新狀 態更可進行預防性維護，提供較佳的服務品質。 4、 本發明可降低網路維運人事成本，更可確保被動式光網路 之可罪性及穩定性而提昇維護效率，其經濟效益非常明顯。 ^列詳細綱乃針對本發明之—可行實施例進行具體說明， ，惟該實施例並非用以限制本發明之專利範圍，凡未脫離本發明技 〇 藝精神所為之等效實施或變更，均應包含於本案之專利範圍中。 綜上所述，本案不僅於技術思想上確屬創新，並具備習用之 傳統方法所不及之上述多項功效’已充分符合新継及進步性之 法定發明專利要件，爰依法提出申請，懇請貴局核准本件發明 專利申請案，以勵發明，至感德便。 【圖式簡單說明】 請參_τ有關本發明之詳細及其_，將可進-步瞭 )解本發明之技術内容及其目的功效；有關附圖為： 圖一為本發明被動式光網路光纖障礙監測裝置及方法之架構 示意圖； 圖二為該被動式細路光鑛礙監職置及方法之光譜分析 儀顯示之波形示意圖；以及 圖三為該被動式光網路光纖障礙監測裝置及方法之光路選擇 器應用於多條光纖路由之架構示意圖。 9 200838174 【主要元件符號說明】 10 機房 11 光線路終端（Optical Line Terminal，OLT) 12 13 14 15 16 17 ，€) 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 191 服務波段 分波多工元件(Wavelength Division Multiplexer，WDM) 光纖 監測波段 寬頻帶監測光源模組 光循環器（Optical Circulator) 控制電腦 光譜分析儀(Optical Spectral Analyzer) 光纜 光分歧器（Optical Splitter) 特定監測波長反射元件 光網路單元（Optical Network Unit，ONU) 光路選擇器（Optical Channel Selector，OCS) 不同路由之反射波形 〇 10BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a monitoring apparatus and method for passive optical network fiber barriers that are simple to use and low in cost. [Prior Art] With the rapid growth of the global Internet, traditional networks have been unable to cope with the demand for high-speed information transmission applications caused by the communications revolution, and the maturity of the photovoltaic industry technology and the diversification of the production of D products are timely and urgent. The growth of the global Internet, high-quality multimedia networks and the wide range of bandwidth required for various data communications provide the best solution. Therefore, various optical communication network architectures have emerged, among which passive optical network service systems are the most It is optimistic that in order to meet the monitoring needs of the special network architecture after the large-scale use of the service system in the future, it is necessary to invent devices and methods that can facilitate the divergence of the divergent routes. Passive light secrets have been difficult to perform optical fiber C monitoring due to the congenital design of the different mosquitoes. Previously, the use of optical time domain reflectors (〇pticai Time D_in Refleetometef, GTDR) has been used. On the trace map, all the signals after the divergence are superimposed, and it is impossible to identify any divergent route separately. To solve the identification problem, an active identification component is installed at the end of the divergent route, but it needs to cooperate with the communication network and ___ Computer interaction often increases the complexity of the monitoring system; there is also a long-distance displacement fiber-optic reflection unit as a compliant component, but because of the divergent routing, it is difficult to design and protect the material; especially, this The use of optical time domain anti-energy as the main method _ way, the number of roads in the number of roads 5 5,200838174 3 inch ' Due to the dynamic range of the optical time domain reflector (Dynamic Range) and the event dead zone (Event Dead Zone) restrictions 'Making monitoring goals often becomes infeasible. On the other hand, it also has a tunable laser (a few dishes!^ Laser) light source, optical circulator, and the optical power meter is equipped with a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) design at the end. The purpose is that when measuring the different fiber routings, the thermal method has a slightly immediate view of the route, and (4) the adjustable laser light source alternately switches the different monitoring wavelengths. When the number of divergent routes is more, the longer the time is. . ° It can be seen that there are still many shortcomings in the above-mentioned methods of use, which are not good designs and need to be improved. In view of the shortcomings derived from the above-mentioned system, the inventor of the present invention has improved and innovated, and after years of painstaking research, he finally successfully developed and completed this passive optical network fiber barrier monitoring device and method. [Object of the Invention] The main object of the present invention is to provide a method for monitoring whether an optical fiber route is broken or the optical loss value is too large, and it is a problem of a service system or a fiber routing, and the correct miscellaneous ground is obstructed. The routing of the residual state, the crucible transport cost and improve the maintenance efficiency of the passive fine road first _ lang device and method. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the passive fine path fine obstacle monitoring device and method provided by the present invention utilizes a set of optical fiber monitoring to instantly monitor different monitoring wavelengths and optical powers reflected by a passive optical network to achieve The main obstacle of the fiber optic barrier monitoring is the use of the spectrum analyzer to measure the wavelength of the optical network and the optical power of the optical network. The control computer compares the measured data to determine the divergent fiber routing. The latest status is used as the basis for the alarm and subsequent processing. [Embodiment] Referring to the drawings, the passive fine-path optical fiber barrier monitoring provided by the present invention comprises: a broadband monitoring light source module 16; a light circulator 17; a spectrum analyzer 19; a control computer 18; a split multiplexer element 13; and an optical path selector 24. The main device for monitoring is located in the equipment room 10, and the optical line terminal (〇pticaiLine Termi moth 0LT) 11 sends out the service band 12 #光信号到分波 multiplexing component i3, and the monitoring device passes the broadband monitoring light source module 16 via the light cycle. The device 17 sends out the monitoring) measuring band 15 #光信号到分波multiplexing component 13, and the splitting multiplexing component 13 integrates the optical signals of the two bands, through the optical fiber 14, the optical cable outside the machine room 2〇, and then the optical divergence 21 , splitting to multiple divergent fiber routings, to the end of each route, the integrated optical signal enters a specific monitoring wavelength reflective component 22; here, the optical signal of the service band 12 can enter the optical network unit through the specific monitoring wavelength reflective component 22 (〇邱(五) Wetw〇rkUnit, ONU) 23 'Provides user service; and when the optical signal of the monitoring band 15 enters the specific wavelength reflection element 22, it will be reflected for the specific monitoring length, and the remaining wavelengths of the monitoring band 15 will be Each of the 7 200838174 specific monitoring wavelength reflection elements 22 of the Hee, its differential routing can only reflect unique and different monitoring wavelengths; the reflected monitoring wavelength follows the opposite And along the optical splitter 21, the optical cable 20, and the optical fiber 14, enter the split multiplexer 13 and receive and measure by the optical spectrum analyzer 17 via the optical circulator 17 to obtain a reflection waveform of the entire divergent fiber routing end ( As shown in Figure 2, the control computer 18 captures the waveform diagram and compares the reflected waveforms ι91 of different routes to obtain the latest status information of the entire divergent fiber routing, and serves as the basis for the alarm follow-up process. . The monitoring band used in the present invention is not limited to the 1625 nm band, and the 1310 nm band and the 1550 nm band can also be used as the monitoring band. The invention can also be matched with an optical path selector (OCS) 24, as shown in FIG. 3, and the monitoring principle is as shown in FIG. 1, but the installation of the optical path selector is monitored by the control computer according to the supervision process. Domain road recording and regional expansion to improve the use efficiency of monitoring devices and reduce the unit cost of monitoring. & [Features and Efficacy] The passive optical network light-sensing device and method provided by the present invention have the following advantages when compared with other conventional technologies: This test can be used as a monitoring device at the machine room end in this test. The specific monitoring wavelength reflective component at the end provides a feasible, reliable, simple, and economical passive optical network multi-divided fiber routing monitoring method. 2. The present invention can simultaneously monitor and display the status of more than 64 knives and routes on a passive optical network, achieving a goal of rapid and large-scale monitoring. 8 200838174 3. The invention can be used for single-ended and long-term operation, and can quickly and correctly correct the obstacles of service m light. The latest state of different routes can be used for preventive maintenance and better service. quality. 4. The invention can reduce the personnel cost of the network maintenance, and can ensure the criminality and stability of the passive optical network and improve the maintenance efficiency, and the economic benefit is very obvious. The detailed description of the present invention is intended to be illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It should be included in the patent scope of this case. To sum up, this case is not only innovative in terms of technical thinking, but also has many of the above-mentioned functions that are not in the traditional methods of the past. It has fully complied with the statutory invention patent requirements of new and progressive, and applied for it according to law. Approved this invention patent application, in order to invent invention, to the sense of virtue. [Simplified description of the drawings] Please refer to _τ for details of the present invention and its _, which will further advance the technical contents of the present invention and its intended effects; the related drawings are: Figure 1 is a passive optical network of the present invention Schematic diagram of the structure of the optical fiber barrier monitoring device and method; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the waveform of the passive analyzer optical monitoring device and method; and FIG. 3 is the passive optical network optical fiber obstacle monitoring device and method The schematic diagram of the optical path selector applied to multiple fiber routings. 9 200838174 [Explanation of main component symbols] 10 Computer room 11 Optical Line Terminal (OLT) 12 13 14 15 16 17 , €) 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 191 Service band multiplexed component (Wavelength Division Multiplexer, WDM Optical Fiber Monitoring Band Wide-band Monitoring Light Source Module Optical Circulator Control Optical Spectral Analyzer Optical Splitter Optical Network Unit (Optical Network Unit, ONU) ) Optical Channel Selector (OCS) Reflected Waveforms of Different Routes 〇10

Claims (1)

200838174 十、申請專利範圍： 1、 種被動式光網路光纖障礙監測裝置，係利用一個或多個分歧 路由之光網路，應用特定監測波長反射元件對來光之反射、透 射與濾除之特性，共構出被動式光網路光纖障礙監測裝置，以 達成光纖卩早礙監測之目的，其中包括： 見頻π監測光源模組，寬頻帶監測光源模組用以持續送出監 測波段之光源； 一光循環器，該光循環器用以承接監測光源再送入光網路中， •❹ 並接受光網路反射回來之監測光再送入光譜分析儀； 光邊分析儀，該光譜分析儀用以量測光網路反射回來之不同 監測波長與光功率； 一控制電腦，該控制電腦為可擷取光譜分析儀量測完之波形 圖’並控制整個監控流程； 一分波多工元件，該分波多工元件係用以將服務波段與監測波 段整合並送入光纖；以及 一光路選擇器，該光路選擇器係負責將監測波段的光路與多個 刀波多工元件連接，經由切換光路，令一套監測裝置可監測更 〇 多條光纖及其後之分歧路由。 2、 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之被動式光網路光纖障礙監測裝 - 置’其中該控制電腦所擷取之波形圖，可經比對分析以得到整 ， 個光纖分歧路由最新的狀態資訊，並發布各項控制命令。 3、 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之被動式光網路光纖障礙監測裝 置’其中該特定監測波長反射元件，讓來光中的服務波段光訊 號通過，並濾除監測波段中大部份的光訊號，僅反射監測波段 中之特定監測波長。 4、 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之被動式光網路光纖障礙監測裝 11 200838174 置，其中該特定監測波長反射元件，其製造方式不限定光纖光 栅(Fiber Bragg Grating，FBG) ’ 亦可為薄臈濾波器（Thin Fi lm Fi Iter，TFF)、平面光波導（pianar Lightwave Circuit，PLC) 與溶接（Fused Biconic Tapered，FBT)等方式。 5、一種被動式光網路光纖障礙監測方法，其步驟流程為·· 步驟1、於機房端設置一被動式光網路光纖障礙監^測裝置，並 於該等被動式光網路各分歧路由之末端，光網路單元 之前安裝一個特定監測波長反射元件； 〇 步驟2、依序控制光路選擇器切換至待測光路，輸入監測波段 之光訊號於該光路中，經由分波多工元件整合後，服 務波段與監測波段的光訊號行進於待測光纖中，再經 光緵、光分歧裔，至各分歧路由末端，進入特定監測 波長反射元件，在特定監測波長反射元件中，只有特 定監測波長的光訊號被反射回機房端； 步驟3、機房端的光谱分析儀同時接收並量測由各分歧路由反 射回來之不同監測波長的光訊號，得到最新狀態的波 形資料； J 步驟4、分析該些反射波形資料； 步驟5、判斷各該分歧光纖路由最新狀況，並做適當之處置。 6、 如申請專利範圍第5項所述之被動式光網路光纖障礙監測方 法其中該步驟4係措由比對波形資料中每一該反射後監測波 長之波形有無與光功率大小來判斷。 7、 如申請專利範圍第5項所述之被動式光網路光纖障礙監測方 法，其中該步驟5係藉由分析所得之反射後監測波長之有無與 光功率大小來判斷，當對應於某一分歧路由之特定監測波長波 形消失表示該分歧路由發生障礙，如光功率變小，則表示該分 12 200838174 歧路由發生異常，如光功率大小與原始值接近，則表示該分歧 路由正常。 13200838174 X. Patent application scope: 1. A passive optical network optical fiber obstacle monitoring device that uses one or more optical networks with different routes to apply reflection, transmission and filtering characteristics of reflected light from a specific monitoring wavelength reflective component. A passive optical network fiber barrier monitoring device is constructed to achieve the purpose of monitoring the fiber optic interference, including: a frequency π monitoring light source module, and a broadband monitoring light source module for continuously transmitting a light source of the monitoring band; The optical circulator is configured to receive the monitoring light source and then send it into the optical network, and ❹ receive the monitoring light reflected from the optical network and send it to the spectrum analyzer; the optical edge analyzer, the spectrum analyzer is used for measuring The different monitoring wavelengths and optical powers reflected by the optical network; a control computer, which is a waveform diagram that can be measured by the spectrum analyzer and controls the entire monitoring process; a split-wave multiplex component, the split-multiplexer The component is used to integrate the service band and the monitoring band into the optical fiber; and an optical path selector, which is responsible for Measuring a plurality of optical path band knife multiplexing wave element is connected, via switching the optical path, so that a further monitoring device may monitor a plurality of square differences and subsequent routing of the optical fibers. 2. The passive optical network optical fiber barrier monitoring device described in item 1 of the patent application scope can be analyzed by the comparison analysis to obtain the latest state of the fiber-optic bifurcation routing. Information and release of various control commands. 3. The passive optical network optical fiber obstacle monitoring device according to claim 1 of the patent application, wherein the specific monitoring wavelength reflective component passes the service band optical signal in the incoming light, and filters out most of the monitoring band. Optical signal, which only reflects the specific monitoring wavelength in the monitoring band. 4. The passive optical network optical fiber barrier monitoring device according to the first aspect of the patent application of claim 1 200838174, wherein the specific monitoring wavelength reflective component is not limited to a fiber Bragg grating (FBG). Thin Film Fi Iter (TFF), Pianar Lightwave Circuit (PLC) and Fused Biconic Tapered (FBT). 5. A passive optical network optical fiber barrier monitoring method, the flow of the steps is as follows: Step 1. A passive optical network optical fiber barrier monitoring device is disposed at the computer room end, and is at the end of each of the passive optical networks. Before the optical network unit is installed with a specific monitoring wavelength reflective component; 〇 step 2, sequentially controlling the optical path selector to switch to the optical path to be tested, inputting the optical signal of the monitoring band into the optical path, and integrating by the multiplexed component The optical signals of the band and the monitoring band travel in the fiber to be tested, and then go to the end of each divergent route through the aperture and the light divergence, and enter the reflection component of the specific monitoring wavelength. In the reflection component of the specific monitoring wavelength, only the light of the specific monitoring wavelength The signal is reflected back to the equipment room; Step 3: The spectrum analyzer at the equipment room simultaneously receives and measures the optical signals of different monitoring wavelengths reflected by the different routes to obtain the latest state waveform data; J Step 4, analyze the reflected waveforms Data; Step 5: Determine the latest status of each of the divergent fiber routes and take appropriate measures. 6. The passive optical network optical fiber barrier monitoring method according to claim 5, wherein the step 4 is determined by comparing the waveform of the monitored wavelength after each reflection in the waveform data with the optical power. 7. The passive optical network optical fiber barrier monitoring method according to claim 5, wherein the step 5 is determined by analyzing the obtained reflection wavelength after reflection and the optical power, when corresponding to a certain divergence The disappearance of the specific monitoring wavelength waveform of the route indicates that the bifurcation route has an obstacle. If the optical power becomes smaller, it indicates that the sub-route is abnormal. If the optical power is close to the original value, the divergent route is normal. 13