TW200825278A - A maximum power point tracking method and device for a wind power generator - Google Patents

A maximum power point tracking method and device for a wind power generator Download PDF

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TW200825278A
TW200825278A TW095146664A TW95146664A TW200825278A TW 200825278 A TW200825278 A TW 200825278A TW 095146664 A TW095146664 A TW 095146664A TW 95146664 A TW95146664 A TW 95146664A TW 200825278 A TW200825278 A TW 200825278A
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converter
output
current
voltage
power
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TW095146664A
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Chinese (zh)
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TWI312030B (en
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Hung-Liang Chou
Kuen-Der Wu
jia-min Shen
Chin-Chang Wu
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Univ Nat Kaohsiung Applied Sci
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects

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Abstract

A maximum power point tracking method and device for a wind power generator comprises at least a permanent magnet synchronous wind power generator, an AC/DC converter and a DC/AC inverter. This method only adjusts the amplitude of the DC/AC inverter's output current to track the maximum power point of the wind generator system by observing the output voltage of AC/DC power converter. If the variation direction of the amplitude of the DC/AC inverter's output current and the output voltage of AC/DC power converter are the same, the amplitude adjusted direction of DC/AC inverter's output current is not changed. Otherwise, the amplitude adjusted direction of DC/AC inverter's output current is changed if the variation direction of the amplitude of the DC/AC inverter's output current and the output voltage of AC/DC power converter are not the same; these procedures are repeated. Accordingly, the maximum power point tracking of wind power generation system can be obtained.

Description

200825278 九、發明說明： • 【發明所屬之技術領域】200825278 IX. Description of the invention: • [Technical field to which the invention belongs]

本發明係關於一種風力發電系統之最大功率追蹤方 法及裝置，特別是關於利用改變一直流/交流變流器之交、、☆ 輸出電流之振幅及觀察一永磁式同步風力發電機經一交节 /直流轉換器之直流輸出電壓的變化情形，以決定下—次的L 交流輸出電流振幅之調整方向之風力發電系統之最大^率 追蹤方法及裝置。 、 【先前技術】 近年來由於工業的高度發展，石化能源大量使用，不但導 致地球上石化能源之快逮枯竭，亦造成嚴重之環境污染，基於 —能源多元化及環境保護之觀點，再生能源之發展為必然之趨勢 一篇’風能為再生能源重要來源之一’如果能约有效利用風能，不 但可以解決歸需求的_，更可以減少環境賴及降低全球 之溫室效應。 -風力發電系統是藉由風力帶動至少旋轉，進而轉 風力發電機組產生電力，該風力發電系統所產生之電力會 隨該風力發電機哺速而有所變化，為了從該風力發電系統中 操取最大電能，因此必須控制該風力發電機之轉速以達成此目 的’習用風力發電系統之最大功率追縱方法及裝置，如美國 • ♦利第US6, 984, _及US6, 608, 397號等是利用風力發電系統 ’ 機械裝置的控制，以控制該風力發電機之轉速，進而得到 最大功率。風力發電祕制該機齡絲控制該風力發電機 之轉速，其成本較高，且其可靠纽賴速度均不佳，近年來 D:\Linda\PK Pat\PKl〇l95. doc 200825278 ’為了減少該機械控制裝置，而改利用一固態電能轉換系統 接到風力發電機之輸出，將該風力發電機產生之一電壓振幅 及頻率均不知疋之交流電能，轉換到穩定的交流電能饋入一配 電系統或供給至少一負載，而另一個風力發電系統之最大功率 追縱方法及裝置，即是利用一風力發電機組之輸出所連接之 一電能轉換器之一控制電路中結合最大功率追蹤之控制，以控 制該風力發電機之轉速，進而擷取最大電能，習用之電能轉換 之最大功率追蹤方法為擾動觀察法and bservation method)，如論文” Maximum power point trackers for wind turbines,” IEEE PESC，v〇1 3, 2〇〇4,卯 2〇44_2〇49，它是利 用種藉由一電能轉換系統之控制以週期性地調整一風力發電 機之轉速，並測量該風力發電機的輸出電力，由該風力發電機 輸出電力之變化來決定該風力發電機之轉速之調整方向，重 複乂上乂驟以立曰大該風力發電機輸出電力，來達到最大功率追 蹤方法及裝置，然而此方法必須計算輸出電力，並控儀風力 發電機之轉速，所以該控制電路較為複雜。 有鑑於此，本發明改良上述之缺點，其僅係利用改變 一電能轉⑽統之—直流/交流變流ϋ之交流輸出電流之 振幅，並觀察該電能轉換系統之一交流/直流轉換器之直流 輸出電壓的k化情形，由該直流輪出電壓的變化情形來決 定該直流/交流變流器輸出之交流電流振幅之調整方向，以達 成最大功率追縱之目的，因此能有效降低該電能轉換系統 的控制複雜度。 【發明内容】 D:\Linda\PK P6t\PK丨0丨95· docThe invention relates to a maximum power tracking method and device for a wind power generation system, in particular to the use of changing the intersection of a DC/AC converter, the amplitude of the output current, and observing a permanent magnet synchronous wind turbine. The maximum output rate tracking method and device of the wind power generation system for determining the direction of the next-order L AC output current amplitude. [Prior Art] In recent years, due to the high development of industry, the use of petrochemical energy has not only led to the exhaustion of petrochemical energy on the earth, but also caused serious environmental pollution. Based on the perspective of energy diversification and environmental protection, renewable energy Development is an inevitable trend A 'wind energy is one of the important sources of renewable energy'. If it can effectively use wind energy, it can not only solve the demand, but also reduce the environment and reduce the global greenhouse effect. - the wind power system is driven by the wind to rotate at least, and then the wind turbine generates electricity, and the power generated by the wind power system varies with the speed of the wind turbine, in order to operate from the wind power system The maximum electric energy, therefore, the speed of the wind turbine must be controlled to achieve this purpose. The maximum power tracking method and device for the conventional wind power generation system, such as the United States ♦ Lidi US6, 984, _ and US6, 608, 397, etc. The wind power generation system's control of the mechanical device is used to control the rotational speed of the wind power generator to obtain maximum power. Wind power generation secrets the age of the wire to control the speed of the wind turbine, its cost is high, and its reliable speed is not good, in recent years D:\Linda\PK Pat\PKl〇l95. doc 200825278 'To reduce The mechanical control device is connected to the output of the wind power generator by using a solid-state electric energy conversion system, and the wind power generator generates an alternating current electric energy whose voltage amplitude and frequency are unknown, and is converted into stable alternating current electric energy and fed into a power distribution. The system or the supply of at least one load, and the maximum power tracking method and device of the other wind power generation system, that is, one of the power converters connected by the output of the wind power generator is used to control the maximum power tracking control in the circuit. In order to control the rotational speed of the wind turbine, and then draw the maximum electric energy, the maximum power tracking method for conventional electric energy conversion is the disturbance observation method and the bvation method, such as the paper "Maximum power point trackers for wind turbines," IEEE PESC, v〇 1 3, 2〇〇4, 卯2〇44_2〇49, which is controlled by a power conversion system to periodically adjust a wind The rotational speed of the generator, and measuring the output power of the wind power generator, determining the direction of adjustment of the rotational speed of the wind power generator by the change of the output power of the wind power generator, repeating the step of slamming the wind turbine to set up the wind power generator The power is output to reach the maximum power tracking method and device. However, this method must calculate the output power and control the speed of the wind generator, so the control circuit is complicated. In view of the above, the present invention improves the above-mentioned disadvantages by merely changing the amplitude of the AC output current of a DC/AC converter, and observing an AC/DC converter of the power conversion system. In the case of the k-output of the DC output voltage, the direction of the AC current amplitude of the DC/AC converter output is determined by the change of the DC output voltage to achieve the purpose of maximum power tracking, thereby effectively reducing the electric energy. The control complexity of the conversion system. [Summary of the Invention] D:\Linda\PK P6t\PK丨0丨95· doc

06/12/13/11:53 AM —7 — 200825278 本發明之主要目的係提供一種風力發電系統之最大 功率追蹤方法及裝置，其係藉由控制連接於一永磁式同步 風力發電機輸出之一電能轉換系統，以達到風力發電系統 之最大功率追蹤之目的，該電能轉換系統包含一交流/直流 轉換器及-錢/交流變流H，該交流/直鱗換器連接到該 永磁式同步風力發電機之輸出，該交流/直流轉換器之直流 輸出連接到該直流/交流變流器之輸入，該直流/交^變流2 之交流輸出連接到-配m該最大功率追縱方法係改 史該％此轉換糸統之直流/父流變流器之交流輸出電流之 振幅’並觀察該電能轉齡統之交流/直流轉鋪之直:輸 出電壓的變化情形，由該直流輸出電壓的變化情形來決定 下一次直流/交流變流器之交流輸出電流振幅之調整方向 如該乂流/直流轉換盗之直流輸出電壓之變化量與該直流 /交流變流器之交流輸出電流之一變化量同方向，則依原^L 之方向調整該直流/交流變流敎流輪出電流之振幅大小 ，反之，該交流/直流轉換器之直流輸出電壓 直流/交_流以錢輸“流之量方 變該直流/交流變流器交流輸出電流之振幅大小的調整方 2依序重彳&上述倾’因此本發明不需要實際計算輸出 =率’即可達成該風力發電系統最大功率追縱的目的，使 传本發明具有降低該電能職系統控難雜度之功效。 【實施方式】 為讓本發日狀上述及其他目的、特徵及伽能更明顯 ’下謂舉本發明讀佳實_，並配合所附圖式，' D:\Linda\PK Pat\PKl〇l95. doc06/12/13/11:53 AM —7 — 200825278 The main object of the present invention is to provide a maximum power tracking method and device for a wind power generation system, which is connected to a permanent magnet synchronous wind turbine output by control. An electric energy conversion system for achieving maximum power tracking of a wind power generation system, the electric energy conversion system comprising an AC/DC converter and a money/AC converter H, the AC/Direct scale converter being connected to the permanent magnet Synchronizing the output of the wind power generator, the DC output of the AC/DC converter is connected to the input of the DC/AC converter, and the AC output of the DC/AC converter 2 is connected to - The m is the maximum power tracking method Change the amplitude of the AC output current of the DC/parent current converter of this conversion system and observe the direct current/DC turn-over of the electric energy conversion system: the change of the output voltage, by the DC output The change of voltage determines the adjustment direction of the amplitude of the AC output current of the next DC/AC converter, such as the change of the DC output voltage of the turbulent/DC conversion thief and the DC/AC converter When the change of one of the AC output currents is in the same direction, the amplitude of the current of the DC/AC converter choke is adjusted according to the direction of the original ^L, and vice versa, the DC output voltage of the AC/DC converter is DC/AC_current The adjustment of the amplitude of the AC output current of the DC/AC converter by the amount of money is changed in the order of 2, and thus the present invention does not require the actual calculation of the output = rate ' The purpose of the maximum power tracking of the wind power generation system is to make the invention have the effect of reducing the difficulty of controlling the electrical system. [Embodiment] In order to make the above-mentioned other and other purposes, features and gamma energy more obvious It is said that the invention is better than _, and with the drawing, 'D:\Linda\PK Pat\PKl〇l95. doc

06/12/13/1,;53 A —8 200825278 作詳細說明如下： 清參照第1圖所示，本發明較佳實施例之風力發電系 統係包含一永磁式同步風力發電機1、一交流/直流轉換器 2、一儲能電容3、一直流/交流變流器4、一具最大功率追 蹤裝置之控制單元5及一配電系統6。該交流/直流轉換器 I可選自一二極體整流器或一二極體整流器組合一直流/直 f轉^器之電路，該交流/直流轉換m步可選擇具脈 見凋、交之父流/直流轉換器，該交流/直流轉換器2用以將該 f磁式同步風力發電機1產生之交流電能轉換成-直流電 月匕，該儲旎電容3並聯連接於該交流/直流轉換器2之直流 輸f端以建立一直流電壓，該交流/直流轉換器2在該儲能1 電谷3建立之該直流電壓將正比於該永磁式同步風力發電 ^機1之輸出電壓。該永磁式同步風力發電機】產生之交二 v魏、、工由該父流/直流轉換器2，轉換產生一直流輸出電能 ’該直流輪出電能並進—步饋人該直流/交流變流器4，以 f對應產生—交流輸出電流，以輸出交流電能至該配電系 1及2_示，其揭*本發明較佳實施例之 二取大功率追縱裝置之控制單元5之控制方塊圖。該呈最 =追縱裝置之控制單元5之控制方塊具有-電流;貞測 一—電壓偵測單元52、一鎖相迴路控制單元53、 動電^754、一減法器55、一控制器56及-脈寬調變驅 =31該電流_單元51係用以擷取該直流/交流變 。“之又流輸出電流Iinv，以產生一電流信號。該電壓偵 D:\Linda\PK Pat\PK10l95.doc06/12/13/1,; 53 A - 8 200825278 For a detailed description as follows: As shown in Fig. 1, the wind power generation system of the preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises a permanent magnet synchronous wind power generator 1, An AC/DC converter 2, a storage capacitor 3, a DC/AC converter 4, a control unit 5 with a maximum power tracking device, and a power distribution system 6. The AC/DC converter I can be selected from a diode rectifier or a diode rectifier combined with a DC/DC converter, and the AC/DC conversion m step can be selected as a parent with a pulse. a DC/DC converter for converting AC power generated by the f-magnetic synchronous wind generator 1 into a DC current, the storage capacitor 3 being connected in parallel to the AC/DC converter The DC input f terminal of 2 is used to establish a DC voltage, and the DC voltage established by the AC/DC converter 2 in the energy storage 1 valley 3 is proportional to the output voltage of the permanent magnet synchronous wind power generator 1 . The permanent magnet synchronous wind power generator generates the intersection of the two v Wei, and the work is converted by the parent flow/direct current converter 2, and the DC output power is input. The flow device 4 generates an AC output current corresponding to f to output AC power to the power distribution system 1 and 2_, which is controlled by the control unit 5 of the high power tracking device according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Block diagram. The control block of the control unit 5 that is the most=tracking device has a current; a voltage detecting unit 52, a phase locked loop control unit 53, a moving electric unit 754, a subtractor 55, and a controller 56. And - pulse width modulation drive = 31 The current_unit 51 is used to capture the DC / AC change. "The current output current Iinv is again generated to generate a current signal. The voltage is detected by D:\Linda\PK Pat\PK10l95.doc

06/12/13/1|：53 AM 200825278 測單元52係用以擷取該配電系統ό之交流電壓vs⑴之信 號，以產生該電壓偵測單元52之一電壓信號。該電壓偵測 單元52之輸出電壓信號送至該鎖相迴路控制單元53，其 係用以產生一與配電系統6電壓同相位之正弦信號。該乘 法器54係用以將該鎖相迴路控制單元53之輸出信號與一 設定的直流/交流變流器4交流輪出電流信號之振幅κ相乘 ’以產生一輸出電流參考信號。該減法器5 5係用以將該電 流偵測單元51輸出之電流信號與該乘法器54輸出之輸出 電流荟考信號作相減’該減法H 55輸出送_控制器56 以產生一控制信號，最後該控制信號送到該脈寬調變驅動 電路57以產生該直流/交流變流器4之電力電子功率開關 元件之-脈寬調變信號。第2圖中賴定的直流/交流變流 器4交流輸出電流信號之振幅κ，由第3圖之流程圖來決 定。 假設配電系統6的交流電壓為 (1) 該配電 vs ⑴=Vp sin(cot) 該直流/交流變流H 4之輸出電赌舰—正弦波且與 系統6之交流電壓同相位，即 、 iirwOlinvSil^COt) 則該直流/交流變流器06/12/13/1|:53 AM 200825278 The measuring unit 52 is for taking the signal of the alternating voltage vs(1) of the power distribution system to generate a voltage signal of the voltage detecting unit 52. The output voltage signal of the voltage detecting unit 52 is sent to the phase locked loop control unit 53 for generating a sinusoidal signal in phase with the voltage of the power distribution system 6. The multiplier 54 is configured to multiply the output signal of the phase locked loop control unit 53 by the amplitude κ of a set DC/AC converter 4 AC output current signal to generate an output current reference signal. The subtractor 5 5 is configured to subtract the current signal output by the current detecting unit 51 and the output current meta-test signal output by the multiplier 54. The subtracting H 55 is output to the controller 56 to generate a control signal. Finally, the control signal is sent to the pulse width modulation drive circuit 57 to generate a pulse width modulation signal of the power electronic power switching element of the DC/AC converter 4. The amplitude κ of the AC output current signal of the DC/AC converter 4 in the second diagram is determined by the flowchart of Fig. 3. Assume that the AC voltage of the power distribution system 6 is (1) The power distribution vs (1) = Vp sin (cot) The output of the DC/AC converter H 4 is a sine wave and is in phase with the AC voltage of the system 6, ie, iirwOlinvSil ^COt) then the DC/AC converter

4之輪出功率為 (2)(3) 而風能經鼓流/錢魏_ 2賴成_直流電壓 率為 後之輸出功 P, windThe output power of the 4th wheel is (2)(3) and the wind energy flows through the drum/money Wei_2 赖成_DC voltage rate after the output work P, wind

V windV wind

Iwin (4) D:\Linda\PK Pat\PKi0l95.docIwin (4) D:\Linda\PK Pat\PKi0l95.doc

⑽/12/13/丨丨：53 AM ~ 10 — 200825278 假設該交流/直流轉換器2沒有損失，則(10)/12/13/丨丨:53 AM ~ 10 — 200825278 Assuming that the AC/DC converter 2 has no loss, then

Pinv = Vwind X Iwind = jVpIinv (5〕 由於该配電系統6之交流電壓振幅無法控制，且其振幅變化不 大，在某特定時間可將其視為一常數，因此風能發電系統之輸 出功率正比於該直流/交流變流器4之輸出電流之振幅。由式 (5)中可發現控制該直流/交流變流器4之輸出電流之振幅便 可控制風能發電系統之輸出功率，進而改變該永磁式同步風 力發電機1之轉速，而改變該永磁式同步風力發電機i之 轉速將又影響該永磁式同步風力發電機丨之輸出交流電 能。 ^21 請再參照第1圖所示，本發明較佳實施例之具最大功 率追蹤衣置之控制單元5由一數位信號處理器完成。該具 最大功^追縱裝置之控制單以係擷取該交流/直流轉換器 。的直"IL輪出電壓Vwind⑴、直流/交流變流器4的交流輸出 電流Iinv(t)及配電系統6的交流電壓vs⑴之信號作輸入， 以決定該具最大功率追蹤裝置之控制單元5中交流輸出電 流信號之振幅K。 明參恥第3圖所示，其揭示本發明較佳實施例之最大 追蹤方法。其包括下列步驟：〔S11〕設定該直流/交 流變流器4之一交流輸出電流信號之一振幅尺初始值；〔 S12〕撷取該交流/直流轉換器2之直流輸出電壓作為初始 值wind—n-i ’，〔 § 13〕提供該直流/交流變流器4之輸出電 流參考信號；〔S14〕使該風力發電系統於該輸出電流參考 O:\Linda\PK Pat\PKl〇l95, docPinv = Vwind X Iwind = jVpIinv (5) Since the AC voltage amplitude of the power distribution system 6 cannot be controlled and its amplitude does not change much, it can be regarded as a constant at a certain time, so the output power of the wind power generation system is proportional The amplitude of the output current of the DC/AC converter 4. The amplitude of the output current of the DC/AC converter 4 can be found in Equation (5) to control the output power of the wind power generation system, thereby changing The rotational speed of the permanent magnet synchronous wind generator 1 and changing the rotational speed of the permanent magnet synchronous wind generator i will affect the output AC power of the permanent magnet synchronous wind generator. ^21 Please refer to Fig. 1 again. As shown, the control unit 5 with the maximum power tracking device of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is implemented by a digital signal processor. The control unit with the maximum power tracking device captures the AC/DC converter. The direct "IL turn-off voltage Vwind(1), the AC output current Iinv(t) of the DC/AC converter 4, and the AC voltage vs(1) of the power distribution system 6 are input to determine the control of the maximum power tracking device. The amplitude K of the AC output current signal in element 5 is shown in Fig. 3, which discloses the maximum tracking method of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, which comprises the following steps: [S11] setting the DC/AC converter 4 One of the initial values of the amplitude of the AC output current signal; [S12] extracting the DC output voltage of the AC/DC converter 2 as an initial value of wind-ni ', [§ 13] providing the DC/AC converter 4 The output current reference signal; [S14] makes the wind power generation system at the output current reference O:\Linda\PK Pat\PKl〇l95, doc

06/12/13/11:53 AM -11—— 200825278 信號之下運作一時間間隔；〔S15〕回授該永磁式同步風力 發電機1經交流/直流轉換器2之一直流輸出電壓參考值 Vwind—n ,該直流輸出電壓參考值係因應該直流/交流變流器 4之輸出電流參考信號所產生；〔S16〕比較該直流輸出電 壓參考值相對於該直流輸出電壓初始值之一變化，並且與 該變化同方向地改變該直流/交流變流器4交流輸出電流信 號之振幅K;〔S17〕以改變後的直流輸出電壓參考值取代 该直流輸出電壓初始值；以及重覆步驟〔S13〕至〔〕 〇 明再參照第3圖所示，利用觀測該交流/直流轉換器2 ^之錢輸ώ電壓之大小之變化，糊整該直流/交流變流器4 _輸^流振幅之方法說明於下：調整該直流/交流變流器4輪 出電流之振幅大小，觀測該交流/直流轉換器2輸出電壓之變 化，本發明藉由改變該直流/交流變流器4交流輸出電流之振 巾田大小觀察該永磁Α同步風力發電機1經該交流/直流轉 ^器2輸出直流電壓之變化情形，來決定下捕直流/交流變 =态4之父流輸出電流之振幅大小的調整方向，若該直流/交 /瓜，/爪4之父流輸出電流之振幅調大，觀察該交流/直流轉 ^ 2輸φ直流，若該永磁式同步風力發電機丨經該交 $直流，器2輪出直流電壓上升，則表示該直流/交流變 、之父"IL輸出電流之振幅能繼續調大，反之，若該直流/ ”、§、 °° 4之父流輸出電流之振幅調升後，該交流/直流轉 換二2輸出直流電壓下降，則反向調降該直流/交流變流器* 之交流輸出電流之振幅大小。 O:\Linda\PK Pat\PKI0I95.doc 06/12/13/11:53 ——12—— 200825278 請再參照第3圖所示，藉由設定該直流/交流變流器4 輸出電流振幅K值之初始值，並回授對應於該初始值的交流/ 直流轉換器2之直流輸出電壓〔正比於該永磁同步發電機1輸 出電壓〕當作VwindW，增加K值後並延遲一段時間，使風力發 電系統穩定後再次讀取該交流/直流轉換器2輸出直流電壓 VwincU ’由Vwind_n與Vwind_n-1比較來決定K值變化方向，若VwincU — Vwind—n-^ K值增加，反之，若VwhKuCVwincUM，則K值減少，決 疋新的K值後’將Vwind_n存至Vwind_n-1，進行下一次取樣及比較。 請再參照第3圖所示，該最大功率追蹤方法亦不限於需 在設定該直流/交流變流器4的交流輸出電流之初始值振幅 K，並且回授在此£值下永磁式同步風力發電機丨經該交流/ 賴..直流轉換器2的直流輸出電壓後，必須增加該直流/交流變流 器4的父流輸出電流之振幅〔即κ值增加〕；意即，亦可以減 少該直流/交流變流器4的交流輸出電流之振幅κ以提供該輪 出電流參考信號〔如第3圖所示，即以κ值減少方塊取代κ值 增加方塊〕，更重要的是，再比較該永磁式同步風力發電機 ^經該交流/直流轉換器2之直流輸出電壓Vwi心相對於Vwi<n i 變化之後，再與該交流/直流轉換器2之直流輸出電壓變化相 同之方向地改變該預設之交流輸出電流之振幅κ之大小。 另外’请再茶照第1至2圖所示，該配電系統6之配電 端的交流電壓先經該電壓偵測單元52回授檢出後，產生一電 ，信號，復經該鎖相迴路控制單元53產生與該配電系統6 : 交流電壓同相位且為弦波之鎖相迴路信號，再將此鎖相迴路信 號與設定的直流/交流變流器4交流輸出電流信號之振幅κ利 —13 — D:\Linda\PK Pat\pKl〇|95 d〇c 06/12/13/11-53 200825278 用該乘法器54加以相乘之後，得到該直流/交流變流器4之輪 出電流參考錢值，接著，將經由該f流_單元51 ^ 取之直流/交流變流器4之交流輪出電流所產生之電流信號: 與其輸出電流參考信號期望值利用該減法器55相減之後，再 經該控彻56產生該控織號，將該控繼號制該脈寬調 變驅動電路57，以產生直流/交流變流器4所需之脈寬調變 (PWM)信號’以達到追縱風能最大功率之目的；更重要的是， 由於不必真正地去計算風力發電系統的輸出功率，因此使用本 發明所述之最大功率追蹤方法的實際電路配置與習 比，其係更為簡單而又節省成本。 #上所述，相較於制風力發衫統之最大功率追縱 ，丨法及裝置必須真正計算輸出電力，以進行最大功率之追 〜蹤’其具有增加㈣_度等輸，本發日骑由調整該直 流/交流變流ϋ 4之―交輯出f流振幅，並觀察該交流/直流 之=直流輸出電壓之—變化量，以決定該直^交流 ’心'之父&輸出電流振幅的調整方向，以達成最大功率 追3*目n確實可有效降健體的控術度，是故 ’本案只為-具有產業利雜、新穎性以及進步性之發明。 雖然本發Μ彻上频佳實 # 以限定本發明，任何孰習"…、工非用 和範圍之内，相對此技藝者在不脫離本發明之精神 發明所保護之技術範各種__屬本 之申請專利範圍所界本發明之保護範圍當視後附 200825278 【圖式簡單說明】 苐1圖·本發明較佳實施例之風力發電系統架構方塊圖 〇 第2圖：本發明較佳實施例之風力發電系統之最大功率 追蹤方法及裝置之控制方塊圖。 第3圖：本發明較佳實施例之風力發電系統之最大功率 追蹤方法及裝置之最大功率追蹤裝置之控制流程圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 交流/直流轉換器 直流/交流變流器 1 永磁式同步風力發電機2 3 儲能電容 ^06/12/13/11:53 AM -11—— 200825278 Operation under a signal interval; [S15] feedback of the permanent magnet synchronous wind turbine 1 via DC/DC converter 2 DC output voltage reference The value Vwind-n, the DC output voltage reference value is generated by the output current reference signal of the DC/AC converter 4; [S16] comparing the DC output voltage reference value with respect to one of the initial values of the DC output voltage And changing the amplitude K of the AC output current signal of the DC/AC converter 4 in the same direction as the change; [S17] replacing the DC output voltage initial value with the changed DC output voltage reference value; and repeating steps [ S13] to [] 〇明 Referring to FIG. 3 again, the DC/AC converter 4 _transmission current amplitude is pasted by observing the change of the magnitude of the input voltage of the AC/DC converter 2 ^ The method is described as follows: adjusting the amplitude of the current of the DC/AC converter 4 and observing the change of the output voltage of the AC/DC converter 2, the present invention changes the AC output of the DC/AC converter 4 Current vibration The size of the towel field is observed by the change of the DC voltage of the AC/DC converter 2 through the AC/DC converter 2 to determine the amplitude of the output current of the parent current output of the DC/AC converter. Direction, if the amplitude of the output current of the parent current of the DC/AC/Melon/Claw 4 is increased, observe the AC/DC turn^2 φ dc, if the permanent magnet synchronous wind turbine 丨 passes the dc If the DC voltage rises in the 2nd turn of the device, it means that the amplitude of the DC/AC change, the father's output current can continue to increase, and vice versa, if the current output current of the DC/", §, °° 4 After the amplitude is increased, the AC/DC conversion 2 output DC voltage drops, and the amplitude of the AC output current of the DC/AC converter* is reversely adjusted. O:\Linda\PK Pat\PKI0I95.doc 06 /12/13/11:53 ——12—— 200825278 Please refer to Fig. 3 again, by setting the initial value of the output current amplitude K value of the DC/AC converter 4, and feedback corresponding to the initial Value of the AC / DC converter 2 DC output voltage [proportional to the permanent magnet synchronous generator 1 The output voltage is regarded as VwindW. After increasing the K value and delaying for a period of time, the wind power generation system is stabilized and then the AC/DC converter 2 output DC voltage VwincU is read again. The Vwind_n and Vwind_n-1 are compared to determine the direction of the K value change. If VwincU — Vwind—n-^ K value increases, otherwise, if VwhKuCVwincUM, then the K value decreases. After the new K value, 'Vwind_n is saved to Vwind_n-1 for the next sampling and comparison. Please refer to As shown in FIG. 3, the maximum power tracking method is not limited to setting the initial value amplitude K of the AC output current of the DC/AC converter 4, and the permanent magnet synchronous wind generator is feedbackd at this value. After the DC output voltage of the AC/DC converter 2, the amplitude of the parent current output current of the DC/AC converter 4 must be increased (ie, the κ value is increased); that is, the DC current can also be reduced. The amplitude κ of the AC output current of the AC converter 4 is used to provide the wheel current reference signal (as shown in FIG. 3, that is, the κ value reduction block is substituted for the κ value increase block), and more importantly, the yong value is compared. Magnetic synchronous wind power The motor changes the preset AC output current in the same direction as the DC output voltage of the AC/DC converter 2 after the DC output voltage Vwi of the AC/DC converter 2 is changed with respect to Vwi<ni. The magnitude of the amplitude κ. In addition, please refer to the first photo of Figures 1 to 2, the AC voltage of the distribution terminal of the power distribution system 6 is first detected by the voltage detecting unit 52, and then an electric, signal is generated, and the phase-locked loop control is repeated. The unit 53 generates a phase-locked loop signal which is in phase with the power distribution system 6 and is a sine wave, and then the amplitude of the phase-locked loop signal and the set DC/AC converter 4 AC output current signal κ - 13 — D:\Linda\PK Pat\pKl〇|95 d〇c 06/12/13/11-53 200825278 After multiplying by the multiplier 54, the round current reference of the DC/AC converter 4 is obtained. The value of the money, then, the current signal generated by the AC current output of the DC/AC converter 4 via the f stream_unit 51 ^: after the output current reference signal expectation value is subtracted by the subtractor 55, The control number is generated by the control 56, and the pulse width modulation drive circuit 57 is formed by the control number to generate a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal required by the DC/AC converter 4 to achieve tracking. Vertical wind can be used for maximum power; more importantly, because it is not necessary to actually calculate wind power System output power, and therefore the maximum power tracking method of the present invention and practice than the actual circuit configuration, which is more simple and cost-efficient system. #上上, compared to the maximum power tracking of the wind-powered shirt system, the method and device must really calculate the output power to carry out the maximum power chase ~ trace 'has increased (four) _ degrees and other losses, this date The rider adjusts the DC/AC converter ϋ4 to intersect the f-stream amplitude, and observes the AC/DC = DC output voltage-change amount to determine the parental & output of the direct-AC 'heart' The direction of the current amplitude is adjusted to achieve maximum power chasing 3* mesh. It is indeed effective to reduce the control degree of the body. Therefore, this case is only an invention with industrial advantages, novelty and progress. Although the present invention is not limited to the technical scope of the present invention, it is not limited to the technical scope protected by the spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is attached as follows: 200825278 [Simplified illustration of the drawings] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a wind power generation system architecture according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. A control block diagram of a maximum power tracking method and apparatus for a wind power generation system of an embodiment. Figure 3 is a flow chart showing the control of the maximum power tracking method of the wind power generation system of the preferred embodiment of the present invention and the maximum power tracking device of the apparatus. [Main component symbol description] AC/DC converter DC/AC converter 1 Permanent magnet synchronous wind turbine 2 3 Storage capacitor ^

5 具最大功率追蹤裝置之控制單元 6 配電系統 51 電流偵測單元 53 鎖相迴路控制單元 55 減法器 57脈寬調變驅動電路 S11設定直流/交流變流 振幅K初始值 S12擷取交流/直流轉換 Vwind 一 H-1 52 電壓彳貞測單元 54 乘法器 56控制器 之一交流輸出電流信號之一 之直流輸出電壓作為初始值 二;，流變流器之輸出電流參考信號 使=力發電系統於輸出電流參考信號m 一 4間間隔 D:\Linda\PK Pat\PK10l95.doc5 Control unit with maximum power tracking device 6 Power distribution system 51 Current detection unit 53 Phase-locked loop control unit 55 Subtractor 57 Pulse width modulation drive circuit S11 Set DC/AC variable current amplitude K Initial value S12 Capture AC/DC Convert Vwind to H-1 52 voltage detection unit 54 multiplier 56 controller one of the AC output current signals one of the DC output voltage as the initial value two;, the current converter output current reference signal makes = power generation system For the output current reference signal m - 4 intervals D: \ Linda \ PK Pat \ PK10l95.doc

06/12/13/11:53 AM 200825278 S15回授該永磁式同步風力發電機經交流/直流轉換器 後之一直流輸出電壓參考值Vwind_n S16比較直流輸出電壓參考值相對於該直流輸出電壓 初始值並判斷K值之增減方向 S17以改變後的直流輸出電壓參考值取代該直流輸出 電壓初始值06/12/13/11:53 AM 200825278 S15 feedback of the permanent-magnet synchronous wind turbine after AC/DC converter, one DC output voltage reference value Vwind_n S16 compare DC output voltage reference value relative to the DC output voltage The initial value and the judgment of the increase/decrease direction S of the K value replace the initial value of the DC output voltage with the changed DC output voltage reference value.

Claims (1)

200825278 十、申請專利範圍： 1、種風力發電系統之最大功率追縱裝置，苴白人· 一永磁式同步風力發電機，其用以將—風能轉換1 2為一交 流電能； -交流/錢職H，錢肢該永磁⑽步風力發電 機之輸出，用⑽該永磁式風力發電機之紐電能轉換 成一直流電能； 一錢/交流錢n，麵連肢該线/錢轉換器之 直流輪出端，將該交流/直流轉鋪產生之直流電能轉 換成一交流輸出電能饋入一配電系統；及 一^最大神趙裝置之控鮮元，其_由調整該直流 if /父流鬚1之—交錄”紅她大小，並觀察該交 流/直流轉換器之-直流輪出電壓之—變化量，以進一步 調整該直流/交流變流器之交流輸出電流之振幅大小之變 化方向； /、中田該又仙y直流轉換益之直流輪出電壓之變化量與該 直流/交流變流器之交流輸出電流之振幅大小之一變錄 同方向’則依原來之方向調整該直流/交流變流器之交流 ^出電流之振幅大小；反之，該交流/錢轉換器之直流 輸出電壓之變化量_麵/交_流11之錢輸出電流 之振^奴變化量方向槪，職變錢/交流變流器 之父抓輪出電流之振幅大小的調整方向。 D:\Linda\PK Pat\PK10l95. (kx: —17 1 、依2!^範_丨Ϊ所述之風力發電线之最大功率 2 衣，其中該具取大功率追蹤裂置之控制單元係利 200825278 數位處理器以擷取該交流/直流轉換器的直流輪出 兒壓、直流/交流變流器的交流輸出電流，及配電系統 $交流電壓之信號作輸入以控制該直流/交流變流器能 從該永磁式同步風力發電機擷取最大能量。 依申請專利範圍第2項所述之風力發電系統之最大功率 追蹤裝置，其中該具最大功率追蹤裝置之控制單元具有 :電流偵測單元、一電壓偵測單元、一鎖相迴路控制單 凡、一乘法器、一減法器、一控制器 電路。 及一脈寬調變驅動 4、依申請專利範圍第3項所述之風力發電系統之最大功率 追蹤裝置，其中該電壓偵測單元係用以擷取一配電系統 的交流電壓，以產生一電壓信號。 -¾ 5、依中請專利範圍第3項所述之風力發電系統之最大功率 追蹤裝置’其中該鎖相迴路控制單元係用以擷取該電壓 偵測單元產生之電壓信號，以產生一與配電系統之交流 電壓同相位之正弦信號。 6、 依申請專利範圍第3項所述之風力發電純之最大功率 追蹤裝置，其中該乘法器係用以將該鎖相迴路輸出之正 弦信號與該具最大功率追蹤裝置之控制單元決定之輸 出之父流輪出電流信號之振幅相乘，以產生一輸出電漭 參考信號。 ，私机 7、 依申請專利範圍第3項所述之風力發電系統之最大功率 追蹤裝置，其中該減法器係用以將該輸出電流參考信號 與一回授的該直流./交流變流器之交流輪出電流信^相U D:\Linda\PK Pat\PKl0l95.doc —jg 一 06/12/13/11:53 AM 200825278 減，並經該控制器以產生一控制信號，該控制信號送到 該脈寬調變驅動電路以產生該直流/交流變流器之電力 電子功率開關元件之一脈寬調變信號。 8、一種風力發電系統之最大功率追蹤方法，其包含步驟： 〔a〕設定該直流/交流變流器之一交流輸出電流信號 之一振幅初始值； 〔b〕擷取交流/直流轉換器的直流輸出電壓作為初始值， 該初始值係因應該交流輸出電流初始值所產生； 〔c〕提供该直流/交流變流器之輸出電流參考信號； 〔d〕使該風力發電系統於該輸出電流參考值之下運作 一時間間隔； 麵 〔e〕賴該永磁式同步風力發錢經錢/直流轉換 裔後之一直流輪出電壓參考值，該直流輸出電壓 芩考值係因應該輪出電流參考信號所產生； 〔f〕比較該直流輪出賴參考餘該直流輸出電 壓初始值之一變化，與該變化同方向地改變直流 /交流變流器輪出電流參考信號； 〔§〕以改變後軸錢輸出電壓參考值取代該直流輸 出電壓初始值；及 〔h〕重覆步驟〔c〕至〔g〕。 D:\Linda\PK Pat\PKI0195. doc 19 — 06/12/13/11:53200825278 X. Patent application scope: 1. The maximum power tracking device for wind power generation system, 苴 white · a permanent magnet synchronous wind turbine, which is used to convert 1 - wind energy into 1 AC energy; Money job H, Qian limb The output of the permanent magnet (10) step wind turbine, with (10) the permanent magnet wind power generator is converted into constant current energy; a money / exchange money n, face limbs the line / money converter The DC wheel output end converts the DC power generated by the AC/DC conversion into an AC output power and feeds into a power distribution system; and a control element of the maximum Shenzhao device, which adjusts the DC if/parent flow It is necessary to record the magnitude of the change in the DC output voltage of the DC/AC converter to further adjust the magnitude of the amplitude of the AC output current of the DC/AC converter. /, Zhongtian and Xianxian y DC conversion benefits of the DC wheel output voltage and the DC / AC converter AC output current amplitude of one of the changes in the same direction 'the direction of the original DC / / cross The amplitude of the current of the current output of the converter; on the contrary, the amount of change of the DC output voltage of the AC/money converter _ face / intersection _ flow 11 of the output current of the vibration ^ slave change direction 槪, job change money / The direction of the amplitude of the output current of the parent of the AC converter is D:\Linda\PK Pat\PK10l95. (kx: —17 1 , according to the wind power line described in 2!^范_丨Ϊ The maximum power of 2 clothes, wherein the control unit with high power tracking and splitting is a 200825278 digital processor to extract the DC output voltage of the AC/DC converter and the AC output current of the DC/AC converter. And the signal of the distribution system $AC voltage is input to control the DC/AC converter to extract the maximum energy from the permanent magnet synchronous wind turbine. The maximum power of the wind power generation system according to claim 2 a tracking device, wherein the control unit with the maximum power tracking device has: a current detecting unit, a voltage detecting unit, a phase locked loop control unit, a multiplier, a subtractor, a controller circuit, and a pulse Wide change The maximum power tracking device of the wind power generation system according to claim 3, wherein the voltage detecting unit is configured to capture an alternating voltage of a power distribution system to generate a voltage signal. -3⁄4 5. The maximum power tracking device of the wind power generation system according to the third aspect of the patent scope, wherein the phase locked loop control unit is configured to capture a voltage signal generated by the voltage detecting unit to generate an exchange with the power distribution system. A sinusoidal signal with the same phase of voltage. 6. A maximum power tracking device for wind power generation according to claim 3, wherein the multiplier is used to track the sinusoidal signal output from the phase locked loop with the maximum power tracking The amplitude of the parent current output current signal of the output determined by the control unit of the device is multiplied to generate an output power reference signal. The private power machine 7, the maximum power tracking device of the wind power generation system according to claim 3, wherein the subtractor is configured to use the output current reference signal and a feedback DC/AC converter The AC output current signal phase UD: \Linda\PK Pat\PKl0l95.doc —jg a 06/12/13/11:53 AM 200825278 minus, and through the controller to generate a control signal, the control signal is sent The pulse width modulation drive circuit is coupled to generate a pulse width modulation signal of the power electronic power switching element of the DC/AC converter. 8. A maximum power tracking method for a wind power generation system, comprising the steps of: [a] setting an amplitude initial value of one of the AC output current signals of the DC/AC converter; [b] drawing an AC/DC converter The DC output voltage is used as an initial value, which is generated due to the initial value of the AC output current; [c] providing an output current reference signal of the DC/AC converter; [d] making the wind power generation system at the output current Under the reference value, a time interval is operated; the surface [e] depends on the permanent magnet synchronous wind power, and the DC output voltage reference value after the money/DC conversion is used, the DC output voltage reference value is due to be rotated The current reference signal is generated; [f] comparing the change of the initial value of the DC output voltage of the DC wheel with reference to the change, and changing the DC/AC converter wheel current reference signal in the same direction as the change; [§] The reference value of the output voltage of the shaft is replaced by the initial value of the DC output voltage; and [h] the steps [c] to [g] are repeated. D:\Linda\PK Pat\PKI0195. doc 19 — 06/12/13/11:53
TW095146664A 2006-12-13 2006-12-13 A maximum power point tracking method and device for a wind power generator TWI312030B (en)

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Cited By (4)

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US8072187B2 (en) 2008-11-19 2011-12-06 Ablerex Electronics Co., Ltd. Battery-charging device for a stand-alone generator system having a MPPT function and method thereof
TWI473936B (en) * 2012-04-26 2015-02-21 Univ Nat Changhua Education Wind power generator with constant power tracking and its control method
TWI498477B (en) * 2012-04-10 2015-09-01 Delta Electronics Inc Wind power generating system
CN115268559A (en) * 2022-05-23 2022-11-01 北京华能新锐控制技术有限公司 Maximum power point tracking robust control method for permanent magnet synchronous wind driven generator

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TWI418119B (en) * 2010-10-01 2013-12-01 Univ Nat Sun Yat Sen Wind generation system with pmsg using intelligent maximum power tracking controller

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8072187B2 (en) 2008-11-19 2011-12-06 Ablerex Electronics Co., Ltd. Battery-charging device for a stand-alone generator system having a MPPT function and method thereof
TWI498477B (en) * 2012-04-10 2015-09-01 Delta Electronics Inc Wind power generating system
TWI473936B (en) * 2012-04-26 2015-02-21 Univ Nat Changhua Education Wind power generator with constant power tracking and its control method
CN115268559A (en) * 2022-05-23 2022-11-01 北京华能新锐控制技术有限公司 Maximum power point tracking robust control method for permanent magnet synchronous wind driven generator

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