200535700 玖、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明有關一種光學滑鼠偵測系統，尤其有關一種使用雷射二極 體作為光源發射器之光學滑鼠偵測系統。 【先前技術】 習知用於光學滑鼠偵測位移之系統主要包含一發光二極體、一導 光裝置、一成像透鏡以及一感測系統，如第i圖所示。該光學滑鼠偵 測位移之系統1主要之工作原理係利用發光二極體2發射光束h，該 光束Ιι經由導光裝置3投射到物體表面6產生明暗變化之影像，此表 面影像又藉由反射光束I2通過成像透鏡4聚焦並成像於感測系統5之 感測元件上，感測系統上之分析電路系統根據所擷取之光學滑鼠移動 前後之影像加以分析比對，計算出光學滑鼠分別在X及γ轴之移動方 向與距離。 然而，此種習知光學滑鼠偵測系統所使用之發光源為發光二極 體’其耗電量較大，連續動作下所需電流約3〇至50毫安培，佔光學 滑鼠總耗電量之約三分之一至二分之一。 此外，由於習知光學滑鼠係使用發光二極體作為發光源，該發光 二極體所發出之光為可見光，而目前大多使用紅光發光二極體，當發 出之紅光所照射之物體表面為暗色或紅色之互補色時，自該物體表面 所反射之光度將大為降低，因而光學滑鼠之感測與判讀能力將因而下 降’或必須增加發光二極體之工作電流以增加發光亮度，結果將造成 耗電量大增。 再者，由於發光二極體所發射之光係屬散射光，發光角度大，並 無良好方向性，因此照射至物體表面時，必須經由一導光裝置將光束 以適當角度引導至物體表面之適當位置，以此方式照射光源才可提供 足夠亮度之光源供偵測器偵測。因此導光裝置之使用將增加光學滑鼠 之組裝及製造困難度及成本。 鑑於上述問題，本發明人對光學滑鼠之結構及各構件進行廣泛研 究，因而完成本發明。 TP040134-1 5 200535700 【發明内容】 本發明之第一目的係提供一種利用雷射二極體作為發光源之光學 ♦ 滑鼠镇測系統，其結構主要包括一雷射二極體，用以發射雷射光照射 至物體表面，以及一感測系統，其又包括一感測元件以及一分析電路 系統’該感測系統用以接收自該物體表面反射之雷射光干涉圖像並轉 換成電訊號，並藉該分析電路系統進行圖像比對分析，而判斷出滑鼠 ， 與物體表面相對之移動方向與距離，並進而引導電腦上之游標移動。 依據本發明之光學滑鼠之偵測系統，係藉由雷射二極體發出雷射 光照射物體表面，藉由物體表面反射所形成之雷射干涉圖像並反射至 該感測系統，自滑鼠各次移動所擷取之不同圖像，藉由感測系統中之 感測元件將圖像轉換為電訊號，並藉該感測系統中之分析電路系統進胃 行圖像比對分析，而判斷出滑鼠與物體表面之相對移動方向與距離， 並進而依據所得數據輸出電訊號而引導電腦顯示器上之游標移動。 本發明之光學滑鼠偵測系統中所用之該感測元件可利用互補型金 屬氧化物半導體(Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor，CMOS)、 光電晶體（Photo-Transistor)或電荷耦合元件（Charge Coupling200535700 Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to an optical mouse detection system, and more particularly to an optical mouse detection system using a laser diode as a light source emitter. [Prior art] A conventional system for detecting displacement by an optical mouse mainly includes a light emitting diode, a light guiding device, an imaging lens, and a sensing system, as shown in Fig. I. The main working principle of the optical mouse detecting displacement system 1 is to use a light-emitting diode 2 to emit a light beam h, which is projected onto a surface 6 of an object via a light guide device 3 to produce an image of light and dark changes. The reflected light beam I2 is focused by the imaging lens 4 and imaged on the sensing element of the sensing system 5. The analysis circuit system on the sensing system analyzes and compares the captured images before and after the movement of the optical mouse to calculate the optical slip The direction and distance of movement of the mouse on the X and γ axes, respectively. However, the light-emitting source used in this conventional optical mouse detection system is a light-emitting diode, which consumes a large amount of power. The current required for continuous operation is about 30 to 50 milliamps, which accounts for the total power consumption of the optical mouse. About one-third to one-half of the electricity. In addition, since the conventional optical mouse uses a light emitting diode as a light source, the light emitted by the light emitting diode is visible light, and currently most of the red light emitting diodes are used. When the emitted red light is illuminated by the object When the surface is a complementary color of dark or red, the luminosity reflected from the surface of the object will be greatly reduced, so the sensing and reading ability of the optical mouse will be reduced accordingly 'or the operating current of the light emitting diode must be increased to increase the light emission. Brightness, which will result in a large increase in power consumption. In addition, because the light emitted by the light-emitting diode is scattered light, the light emission angle is large, and there is no good directivity. Therefore, when the light is irradiated onto the surface of the object, the light beam must be guided to the surface of the object at an appropriate angle through a light guide device Appropriately, illuminating the light source in this way can provide a light source with sufficient brightness for detection by the detector. Therefore, the use of the light guide device will increase the difficulty and cost of assembling and manufacturing the optical mouse. In view of the above problems, the present inventors have extensively studied the structure and components of an optical mouse, and have thus completed the present invention. TP040134-1 5 200535700 [Summary of the invention] The first object of the present invention is to provide an optical system using a laser diode as a light source. The mouse test system mainly includes a laser diode for emitting light. The laser light irradiates the surface of the object, and a sensing system, which further includes a sensing element and an analysis circuit system. The sensing system is used to receive the laser light interference image reflected from the surface of the object and convert it into an electrical signal. The analysis circuit system is used for image comparison and analysis to determine the movement direction and distance of the mouse relative to the object surface, and then guide the cursor movement on the computer. According to the optical mouse detection system of the present invention, a laser diode emits laser light to illuminate an object surface, and a laser interference image formed by the object surface reflection is reflected to the sensing system and self-sliding. Different images captured by each mouse movement, the images are converted into electrical signals by the sensing elements in the sensing system, and the image comparison analysis is performed by the analysis circuit system in the sensing system. The relative movement direction and distance between the mouse and the surface of the object are determined, and then the electrical signal is output according to the obtained data to guide the cursor movement on the computer display. The sensing element used in the optical mouse detection system of the present invention can utilize complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS), photo-transistor) or charge-coupled element (Charge Coupling)
Device，CCD)進行感測。上述該三種感測元件為熟知半導體領域者所 悉知之一般感測元件，因此在本發明說明書中應無需再加以贅述。 本發明之光學滑鼠偵測系統中所用之雷射二極體尤其可為面射型 雷射(VCSEL，Vertical Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser)，因其作用 春 時所需之電力相對更低，而有利於減少耗電量。 本發明中，所用之”滑鼠與物體表面之相對移動方向與距離，，一詞， 不僅包含物體固定而移動滑鼠偵測系統所測得之相對移動方向與距 離，亦且包含滑鼠偵測系統固定但移動物體表面所測得之相對移動方 向與距離。 依據本發明之光學滑鼠偵測系統，不僅可應用於移動式滑鼠偵測 系統（即物體固定而移動滑鼠偵測系統），亦可應用於例如藉由移動一 設於本發明之偵測系統上之感應裝置而執行該相對移動方向及距離之 測定（即滑鼠偵測系統固定但移動物體表面）。在後者之例中，除可應 TP040134-1 6 200535700 用於筆記型電腦以外，尚可應用於目前所用之移動式光學滑鼠，但在 該移動式滑鼠上裝設該感應裝置，使用者僅移動該感應裝置即可執行 該偵測，而非移動整個滑鼠偵測系統。該等感應裝置可為例如觸控式 面板、滑紐或滑球。 本發明之光學滑鼠偵測系統之第一優點為，所用之雷射二極體由 於耗電量相當低，尤其在使用面射型雷射時，在連續動作下所消耗之 電流僅4至6毫安培，約為發光二極體之十分之一左右，可大為減少 光學滑鼠之耗電量，且當使用於無線滑鼠時，可使待機時間變長。 本發明之光學滑鼠偵測系統之第二優點為，雷射二極體所發出之 光可為紅外線光源(非可見光），當照射至各種顏色之物體表面時，由 於紅外線之反射強弱不受顏色影響，因此可適用於各種不同顏色之物 體表面，並增加偵測靈敏度。 本發明之光學滑鼠偵測系統之第三優點為，雷射二極體所發出之 光源為能量集中且發散角度小之雷射光，故當運用於光學滑鼠之偵測 系統時，可不需利用導光裝置，即可將光源直接均勻地照射物體表面 並反射，且由於光束之反射亦以發散角度小之光源反射，故即使未設 置成像透鏡，該反射光源之強度亦足以使分析電路系統進行分析，據 而汁算出滑鼠在X及Y轴之相對移動距離及方向，並依據所輸出數據 引導電腦顯示器上之游標移動。 本發明之光學滑鼠偵測系統之第四優點為，本發明係利用雷射光鲁 照射在物體表面並經反射後，會在感測系統上形成干涉的斑點圖像， 由於雷射光干涉所形成的斑點細小且清晰，明暗容易分辨，可以縮小 感測系統可偵測到的個別晝素之面積而增加對物體表面偵測之解析 度。 如上所述，雖然本發明中由於利用雷射二極體作為發光源，可不 需利用到透鏡，但若增設該透鏡，將可進一步增強偵測功能。因此， 本發明之第二目的係提供一種光學滑鼠之偵測系統，其結構主要包括 一雷射二極體，用以發射雷射光照射至物體表面；一透鏡，用以使自 物體表面反射之雷射光聚焦並傳送至感測系統；以及一感測系統，其 TP040134-1 7 200535700 · 又包括一感測元件以及一分析電路系統，該感測系統用以接收自該物 體表面反射之光圖像並轉換成電訊號，並藉該分析電路系統進行圖像 比對分析，而判斷出滑鼠與物體表面相對移動之方向與距離，並進而 引導電腦上之游標移動。。 依據本發明第二目的之光學滑鼠之偵測系統，其中該透鏡可為成 像透鏡亦可為偏光透鏡(polarizer lens)。 【實施方式】 本發明將以下列實施例更詳述說明本發明之構成及優點。各圖式 中所用之相同部件使用相同圖號。 首先請參見第2圖，第2圖為本發明光學滑鼠之债測系統第一具· 體例之概視圖。如第2圖所示，本發明之光學滑鼠之偵測系統14包括 一雷射二極體8以及一感測系統7，該感測系統7係由感測元件9及分 析電路10所構成。該雷射二極體8可設置於該感測元件9同侧。自雷 射二極體8發射出之雷射光束13，直接照射到物體表面11，產生反射 光束I4以雷射光干涉圖像被感測元件9所债測，並經由該感測元件9 將該圖像轉換為電訊號，再藉由該分析電路1〇加以比對分析，即可獲 得本發明偵測系統與物體表面之各次相對移動之X與γ轴之方向及距 離’並依據所得數據輸出電訊號適當控制電腦顯示器上之游標移動。 依據第2圖所示之光學滑鼠之偵測系統，其中該感測元件9可利 用互補型金屬氧化物半導體(CMOS)、光電晶體或電荷耦合元件(CCD)進春 行感測。 接著’請參見第3圖，第3圖為本發明光學滑鼠之偵測系統第二 具體例之概視圖。如第3圖所示，本發明之光學滑鼠之偵測系統14包 括一雷射二極體8、一感測系統7以及一成像透鏡12，該感測系統係 由感測元件9及分析電路1〇所構成。該雷射二極體8與該感測元件9 可以互呈一角度之方式設置。自雷射二極體8發射出之雷射光束13， 直接照射到物體表面11，產生反射光束14以雷射光干涉圖像經由成像 透鏡12聚焦，投射至感測元件9上，並經由該感測元件9將該圖像轉 換為電訊號，再藉由該分析電路10加以比對分析，即可獲得本發明偵 TP040134-1 8 200535700 測系統與物體表面各次相對移動之X與γ轴之方向及距離，並依據所 得數據輸出電訊號適當控制電腦顯示器上之游標移動。 同樣地，依據第3圖所示之光學滑鼠之偵測系統14，其中該感測 元件9可利用互補型金屬氧化物半導體(CM〇s)、光電晶體或電荷耦合 元件(CCD)進行感測。 依據第3圖所示之光學滑鼠之偵測系統，其中該成像透鏡亦可以 偏光透鏡(polarizer lens)取代，而可獲得更清晰明顯之圖像。 依據本發明之光學滑鼠偵測系統，由於係利用雷射二極體作為發 光源，因此具有不受照射物體表面顏色之干擾、耗電率低、偵測靈敏 度高以及可節省構件使製造更容易等優點。 本發明雖已藉上述較佳具體例詳細說明本發明，惟上述具體例僅鲁 用以說明本發_不肋限健範κ。凡熟知本技藝者在穩離本發 明之精神及範ffi内’將可由本發明之揭示作各種㈣及變化，該等修 飾及變化均屬本發明之範圍内。 少 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖為習知技藝之光學滑鼠結構概視圖； 第2圖本發明光學滑鼠之偵測系統第一具體例之概視圖；及 第3圖本發明光學滑鼠之_系統第二具_^^@。 【圖式代表符號說明】 1 偵測系統 3 導光裝置 5 感測系統 7 感測系統 9 感測元件 11 物體表面 Ιι, 12, Ϊ3, 14 2 發光二極體 · 4 成像透鏡 6 物體表面 8 雷射二極體 10 分析電路系統 14 偵測系統 光束 TP040134-1Device (CCD) for sensing. The three sensing elements mentioned above are general sensing elements known to those skilled in the semiconductor field, and therefore need not be described in detail in the description of the present invention. The laser diode used in the optical mouse detection system of the present invention may be a Vertical Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser (VCSEL), because its power required in spring is relatively low, and Conducive to reducing power consumption. In the present invention, the term "relative movement direction and distance between the mouse and the surface of the object," includes not only the fixed direction of the object and the relative movement direction and distance measured by the mobile mouse detection system, but also the mouse detection The relative moving direction and distance measured by the measurement system fixed but on the surface of the moving object. The optical mouse detection system according to the present invention can be applied not only to the mobile mouse detection system (that is, the object is fixed and the mobile mouse detection system is ) Can also be applied, for example, to perform the measurement of the relative movement direction and distance by moving a sensing device provided on the detection system of the present invention (that is, the mouse detection system is fixed but the surface of the moving object). In the latter, In the example, in addition to TP040134-1 6 200535700 for notebook computers, it can also be used in mobile optical mice currently used, but the sensor device is installed on the mobile mouse, and the user only moves the The sensing device can perform the detection instead of moving the entire mouse detection system. The sensing devices may be, for example, a touch panel, a slider or a slider. The optical slider of the present invention The first advantage of the detection system is that the laser diode used consumes relatively low power. Especially when using a surface-emitting laser, the current consumed under continuous operation is only 4 to 6 milliamps, which is about About one tenth of the light emitting diode can greatly reduce the power consumption of the optical mouse, and when used in a wireless mouse, it can make the standby time longer. The first of the optical mouse detection system of the present invention The second advantage is that the light emitted by the laser diode can be an infrared light source (non-visible light). When the surface of an object of various colors is irradiated, the intensity of the infrared reflection is not affected by the color, so it can be applied to various different colors The surface of the object increases detection sensitivity. The third advantage of the optical mouse detection system of the present invention is that the light source emitted by the laser diode is laser light with concentrated energy and small divergence angle, so it is used as an optical slide In the rat detection system, the light source can be directly and uniformly irradiated and reflected on the surface of the object without using a light guide device, and the reflection of the light beam is also reflected by the light source with a small divergence angle, so even if it is not set Like a lens, the intensity of the reflective light source is also sufficient for the analysis circuit system to analyze, and calculate the relative movement distance and direction of the mouse in the X and Y axes, and guide the cursor movement on the computer display according to the output data. The fourth advantage of the optical mouse detection system is that the present invention uses laser light to irradiate the surface of an object and reflect it, and then forms an interference speckle image on the sensing system. The speckles formed by the laser light interference It is small and clear, and it is easy to distinguish between light and dark, which can reduce the area of individual daylight that can be detected by the sensing system and increase the resolution of the object surface detection. As mentioned above, although the laser diode is used as The light source does not need to use a lens, but if the lens is added, the detection function can be further enhanced. Therefore, a second object of the present invention is to provide an optical mouse detection system, the structure of which mainly includes a laser two Polar body for emitting laser light to the surface of the object; a lens for focusing the laser light reflected from the surface of the object and transmitting it to the sensing system And a sensing system, which includes TP040134-1 7 200535700, and includes a sensing element and an analysis circuit system, the sensing system is used to receive the light image reflected from the surface of the object and convert it into an electrical signal, and borrow the The analysis circuit system performs image comparison and analysis to determine the direction and distance of the relative movement of the mouse and the surface of the object, and then guides the cursor movement on the computer. . According to the detection system of the optical mouse according to the second object of the present invention, the lens may be an imaging lens or a polarizer lens. [Embodiment] The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples of the structure and advantages of the present invention. Identical parts used in each drawing use the same drawing number. First, please refer to FIG. 2, which is a schematic view of the first system of the optical mouse debt measurement system of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the optical mouse detection system 14 of the present invention includes a laser diode 8 and a sensing system 7. The sensing system 7 is composed of a sensing element 9 and an analysis circuit 10. . The laser diode 8 can be disposed on the same side of the sensing element 9. The laser beam 13 emitted from the laser diode 8 is directly irradiated to the surface 11 of the object, and a reflected light beam I4 is generated, and the laser light interference image is detected by the sensing element 9 and the sensing element 9 is used to pass the The image is converted into an electrical signal, and then compared and analyzed by the analysis circuit 10, the directions and distances of the X and γ axes of the relative movement of the detection system and the object surface of the present invention can be obtained, and according to the obtained data The output signal appropriately controls the cursor movement on the computer display. According to the detection system of the optical mouse shown in FIG. 2, the sensing element 9 can use a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS), a photoelectric crystal, or a charge-coupled element (CCD) for sensing. Next, please refer to FIG. 3, which is a schematic view of a second specific example of the optical mouse detection system of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the detection system 14 of the optical mouse of the present invention includes a laser diode 8, a sensing system 7, and an imaging lens 12. The sensing system is composed of a sensing element 9 and an analysis unit. The circuit 10 is constituted. The laser diode 8 and the sensing element 9 can be disposed at an angle to each other. The laser beam 13 emitted from the laser diode 8 directly irradiates the surface 11 of the object, and a reflected beam 14 is generated. The laser light interference image is focused through the imaging lens 12 and projected onto the sensing element 9 through the sensor. The measuring element 9 converts the image into an electrical signal, and then compares and analyzes the analysis circuit 10 to obtain the X- and γ-axis of the detection system TP040134-1 8 200535700 and the relative movement of the surface of the object each time. Direction and distance, and appropriately control the cursor movement on the computer display according to the obtained data output signal. Similarly, according to the optical mouse detection system 14 shown in FIG. 3, the sensing element 9 can be sensed by using a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CM0s), a photoelectric crystal, or a charge coupled device (CCD). Measurement. According to the detection system of the optical mouse shown in Fig. 3, the imaging lens can also be replaced by a polarizer lens to obtain a clearer and more visible image. According to the optical mouse detection system of the present invention, since the laser diode is used as the light source, it has no interference from the surface color of the illuminated object, low power consumption, high detection sensitivity, and can save components and make manufacturing more Easy and so on. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred specific examples, the above-mentioned specific examples are only used to illustrate the present invention_not limited to the limited range κ. Those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention will be able to make various modifications and changes from the disclosure of the present invention, and such modifications and changes are all within the scope of the present invention. [Simplified illustration of the drawing] Fig. 1 is a general view of the structure of the optical mouse of the conventional art; Fig. 2 is a general view of the first specific example of the optical mouse detection system of the present invention; Rat of the _ system second _ ^^ @. [Illustration of representative symbols of the drawings] 1 Detection system 3 Light guide device 5 Sensing system 7 Sensing system 9 Sensing element 11 Object surface Ιι, 12, Ϊ3, 14 2 Light emitting diode 4 Imaging lens 6 Object surface 8 Laser diode 10 Analysis circuit system 14 Detection system beam TP040134-1