TW200305039A - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Abstract

It is an object of the invention to provide a liquid crystal display device with excellent color, in particular white (W), reproducibility. A thickness of a common electrode (13) formed of indium-tin oxide (ITO) is selected to be at least 80 nm and less than 100 nm. When an incident light enters a liquid crystal layer (31) and when the incident light exits from an incident-side substrate (11) after reflection by a pixel electrode (reflecting electrode) (23), shorter wavelength light of 380 to 480 nm in addition to longer wavelength light in the visible range is transmitted at a higher rate. As a result, a viewer can observe white (W) more purely by virtue of better color reproducibility.

Description

200305039 ⑴ 玖、發瞒說嗔 (發明說明應敘明：發明所屬之技術領域、先前技術、内容、實施方式及圖式簡單^ 發明背景 ^ 1，發明領域 本發明有關一種液晶顯示裝置，其中液晶層是設置介於 (沒有由銦錫氧化物（ITO)製成之電極之）第一基板，以及第 二基板（具有在其至少一部份中將入射光線反射之功能）之 間，且偏極化構件是設置於第一基板之面上，此面是與來 成電極之第一基板之面相對。本發明尤其是有關於一種液 晶顯示裝置，其適合使用作為用於顏色顯示之顯示裝置。 2 ·相關技術說明 在液晶顯示裝置中，例如透射式裝置，其中顯示器是使 用來自設置於顯示單元之後光源（背光：backHght)之光所製 成；以及反射式裝置，其中反射光是借助於反射構件之反 射而獲得（周圍的光是經由顯示面板之表面入射）。在此等 裝置中，此反射式裝置受到注意與重视，尤其作為使用於 可攜式電子設備中之顯示裝置，因為它較透射式裝置消耗 較的功率。以目前資訊多元化之進展，對於顏色顯示的 須求不斷地增加。 傳、先上反射式顏色顯示裝置被瞭解為，例如包括：入 射侧基板’在其上將顏色濾光層（著色層）、共同電極、定 向薄膜與其他依序疊層、以及包括反射侧基板，在其上形 成亦作為像素電極之反射電極、薄膜電晶體（以下稱為TFT) 用於控制各像素電極及其他；其中液晶層是設置於此等基 板I間。此液晶顯示裝置在入射侧基板之面上亦設有偏極 -6 - 200305039200305039 ⑴ 发, concealment 嗔 (the description of the invention should state: the technical field to which the invention belongs, the prior art, the content, the embodiments and the simple drawings ^ background of the invention ^ 1, the invention relates to a liquid crystal display device in which the liquid crystal The layer is disposed between the first substrate (without an electrode made of indium tin oxide (ITO)) and the second substrate (having a function of reflecting incident light in at least a portion thereof), and is polarized The polarizing member is disposed on the surface of the first substrate, and this surface is opposite to the surface of the first substrate from which the electrode is formed. The present invention particularly relates to a liquid crystal display device which is suitable for use as a display device for color display 2. Description of Related Art In a liquid crystal display device, such as a transmissive device, in which the display is made using light from a light source (backlight: backHght) provided behind the display unit; and a reflective device in which the reflected light is by means of Obtained by the reflection of a reflective member (the surrounding light is incident through the surface of the display panel). Among these devices, this reflective type device has received attention It attaches great importance to it, especially as a display device used in portable electronic equipment, because it consumes more power than transmissive devices. With the current progress in the diversification of information, the demand for color display has continued to increase. A reflective color display device is known to include, for example, an incident side substrate on which a color filter layer (coloring layer), a common electrode, an alignment film, and other layers are sequentially stacked, and a reflective side substrate on which A reflective electrode, a thin film transistor (hereinafter referred to as a TFT) that is also used as a pixel electrode is formed to control each pixel electrode and others; wherein a liquid crystal layer is provided between these substrates I. This liquid crystal display device is on the surface of the incident side substrate Also available with Pole-6-200305039

於所施加之 (2) 化構件，在其相對之面上設有液晶層，其取決 電場將光線透射或阻擋。此構件例如含有破之偏極化器所 構成，且使用拉長聚合物薄膜式之相位板作為偏極化構件。 在上述之反射式顏色顯示裝置中，周園的光線經由偏極 化構件進入入射侧基板，然後到達反射侧基板之反射電極 並且被反射，之後此經反射之光線通過顏色濾光層與其他 層且由入射侧基板射出。在此之後，此射出光線，可以通 過偏極化器取決於液晶之定向狀態而產生觀看者所看到的 彩色影像。 然而，以上述反射式顏色顯示裝置，通常在可見範圍中 較短波長的光（此後僅稱為，，較短波長”）被吸收之數量較在 可見範圍中較長波長的光（此後亦僅稱為”較長波長.，，）被吸 收 < 數量為大。因此，當此，經反射的光線到達偏極化構 件時，此較長波長的光以較高的比例透射，且較短波長的 光以較低之比例透射。其結果為在此情形中欲使用所有的 三原色（即，紅、綠、藍）實現白色（特別例如是在日本工業 標準中之色度測量之標準光源”D65”）之再生，較短波長的光 線在偏極化構件中衰減，以致於當由觀看者觀賞時，此光 線呈現帶黃的顏色。因&，傳統反射式彩色液晶顯示裝置 有問題而無法達成足夠的顏色再生。應、注意雖然可以藉由 將顏色過濾器之透射波長範圍移至較短波長（藍色）部份， 以改善此經反射光之較短波長成份之透射。以目前使用於 顏色過濾器之色素，此顏色過濾器之透射波長範圍之移動 至較短波長部份是有限制。此在偏極化構件中在可見範圍 (3) (3)200305039A liquid crystal layer is provided on the opposite surface of the applied (2) conversion member, which depends on the electric field to transmit or block light. This member includes, for example, a broken polarizer, and an elongated polymer film-type phase plate is used as the polarizer. In the above-mentioned reflective color display device, the light from Zhou Yuan enters the incident-side substrate through the polarizing member, then reaches the reflective electrode of the reflective-side substrate and is reflected, and then the reflected light passes through the color filter layer and other layers. It is emitted from the incident-side substrate. After that, the emitted light can pass through a polarizer depending on the orientation of the liquid crystal to produce a color image that the viewer sees. However, with the above-mentioned reflective color display device, generally shorter-wavelength light (hereinafter, simply referred to as, “shorter wavelength”) in the visible range is absorbed in a larger amount than longer-wavelength light in the visible range (hereafter, only Called "longer wavelength.,") The amount of absorption is large. Therefore, when the reflected light reaches the polarization device, the longer-wavelength light is transmitted at a higher ratio, and the shorter-wavelength light is transmitted at a lower ratio. As a result, in this case, it is intended to use all three primary colors (ie, red, green, and blue) to achieve white (especially, for example, the standard light source "D65" for chromaticity measurement in the Japanese Industrial Standard), a shorter wavelength The light is attenuated in the polarizing member, so that when viewed by a viewer, the light appears yellowish. Due to problems with conventional reflective color liquid crystal display devices, sufficient color reproduction cannot be achieved. It should be noted that although the transmission wavelength range of the color filter can be moved to a shorter wavelength (blue) portion to improve the transmission of this shorter wavelength component of the reflected light. With the pigments currently used in color filters, the transmission of the wavelength range of this color filter to shorter wavelengths is limited. This is in the polarized member in the visible range (3) (3) 200305039

敉監，皮長 < 較大數量的光被吸收的原β,-- 谌杜祕> Μ 眾因足一是此偏極化 構件被成在其中可將紫外線範園 ΛΛ. >M ^ ^ , 尤刀斷（因為液晶 曰被糸外光退化），因此可見光之較 iT ^ ^ t波長成份亦被偏 極化構件的設計影響。 發明概要 本發明是由於以上之問題而產生 其目的為提供一種具 有極佳顏色（尤其是白色·· W) ； 月匕刀又硬晶顯示裝置。 根據本發明之液晶顯示裝置 衣罝巴栝·罘—基板設有電極， 其具有一與另一與它彼此相對 ^ ^ 表面且由銦錫氧化物製成 設有第一層鄰接電極之表面（並 · 1，、祈射率與電極之折射率不 同”以及第二層鄰接電極之另一表面(其折射率與電極之 折射率不同）；第二基板設置於第一基板之對面而具有在其 間給定之空間，且其至少一却 ^ 邵伤具有將入射光線反射之功 把’汉置口於第-基板與第二基板之間之液晶^ ;偏極化 構件設置M —基板之面上，此面是在形成電極之第-基 板之面之對面，此電椏之厘隹 度至少80奈米（nm)且少於1〇〇奈 米0 在根據本發明之液晶顯示裝置中，&第一層與電極之折 射率彼此不同’而且此第二層與電極之折射率亦不同，以 致於入射光線之一部份透射且另一部份被反射。此經反射 的光線可以再被反射，1此經兩次反射之光線與透射之光 線是在相同的方向傳送。在此情形中，在所透射光線與兩 次反射光線之間存在光線路徑差異，此兩個光線依據光線 路彳二差異彼此增強或削弱。為了增強此大約38〇奈米至48〇 (4) 200305039 奈米較短波長…、巷 ，皮長先線 < 透射，應控制此光學路徑7^7^ 一' 於此透射光線與兩次反射之光線在此波長頻帶中彼 強。在本發明巾’這可以將電極之厚度選擇為至少8 〇 且少於100奈米而製成。這即是說，本案發明人瞭解傳： 晶顯示裝置具有較差之顏色再生/ 戶命、距挪 < u為將電極的 子又、睪至少為100奈米，而將電極的厚度選擇為至少Μ奈 未且小於100奈米，則可以抵償可見光之較短波長成份之衰 減0 田“亟與第一層之間之折射率差異，以及電極與第二層 間折射率之差異小於等於〇 2叫，此種液晶顯示裝置比較 效。這是因為，雖然層之折射率依據光線之波長而改變， 之 有 因此在兩相鄰層之間之折射率差異改變。對於可見範圍中 的光線（3 8 0至7 8 0奈米）之折射率差異是大於〇且小於等於 0.28。當它具有顏色顯示功能時，此液晶顯示裝置特別有效。 本發明 < 此等與其他目的、特點與優點將由以下之說明 而更為明顯。 圖式之簡單說明 圖1為根據本發明實施例之液晶顯示裝置之橫截面圖式。 圖2為用於說明於圖i中所示液晶顯示裝置之操作之入射 光線之光學路徑之概要圖式。 圖3為顯示根據本發明實施例與比較例之用於液晶顯示 I置之波長與透射之間關係之特徵圖。 較佳實施例之詳細說明 以下參考戶斤附圖^詳細$明本發明之實施例 200305039Supervisor, skin length < Large amount of light absorbed by the original β, 谌 谌 secret > Μ Many reasons are that this polarized member is formed in which the ultraviolet range ΛΛ. ≫ M ^ ^, Especially the knife break (because the liquid crystal is degraded by external light), the wavelength component of visible light compared to iT ^ ^ t is also affected by the design of the polarizing member. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is caused by the above problems, and its object is to provide a display device with excellent color (especially white · W); The liquid crystal display device according to the present invention is provided with electrodes on the substrate, which has one surface opposite to the other surface and is made of indium tin oxide and has a surface provided with a first layer of adjacent electrodes ( And 1. The praying rate is different from the refractive index of the electrode "and the other surface of the second layer adjacent to the electrode (the refractive index of which is different from the refractive index of the electrode); the second substrate is disposed on the opposite side of the first substrate and has A given space in between, and at least one of them ^ Shao has the ability to reflect incident light, and put 'Han in the liquid crystal between the first substrate and the second substrate ^; the polarizing member is set on the surface of the substrate M- This side is opposite to the side where the first substrate of the electrode is formed, and the centimeter of this electric current is at least 80 nanometers (nm) and less than 100 nanometers. In the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, & The refractive index of the first layer and the electrode are different from each other, and the refractive index of the second layer and the electrode are also different, so that part of the incident light is transmitted and the other part is reflected. This reflected light can be Reflection, 1 this reflected light and transmission twice The light rays are transmitted in the same direction. In this case, there is a difference in the light path between the transmitted light and the two reflected light rays, and the two light rays are strengthened or weakened with each other according to the difference between the two optical lines. 〇 Nanometer to 48〇 (4) 200305039 Nanometer shorter wavelength ..., alley, skin long front line < transmission, this optical path should be controlled 7 ^ 7 ^ a 'Here transmitted light and twice reflected light here Strong in the wavelength band. In the present invention, this can be made by selecting the thickness of the electrode to be at least 80 and less than 100 nanometers. This means that the inventor of this case understands that the crystal display device has a poor color. Regenerative / household, distance < u is to set the thickness of the electrode to be at least 100 nanometers, and select the thickness of the electrode to be at least M nanometer and less than 100 nanometers, which can compensate for the shorter wavelength components of visible light Attenuation 0 The difference in refractive index between the first layer and the first layer, and the difference in refractive index between the electrode and the second layer is less than or equal to 0.20. This type of liquid crystal display device is more effective. This is because although the refractive index of the layer is based on Light As the wavelength changes, the difference in refractive index between two adjacent layers changes. The difference in refractive index for light in the visible range (380 to 780 nm) is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 0.28. When This liquid crystal display device is particularly effective when it has a color display function. The present invention < Other and other objects, features, and advantages will be more apparent from the following description. Brief description of the drawings FIG. 1 is a diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention A cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device. FIG. 2 is a schematic view illustrating an optical path of incident light for explaining the operation of the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. I. FIG. 3 is a view showing an embodiment and a comparative example according to the present invention. Characteristic diagram for the relationship between the wavelength and the transmission used in the liquid crystal display I. Detailed description of the preferred embodiment The following reference is made to the accompanying drawings ^ Detailed description of the embodiment of the present invention 200305039

首先，說明根據本發明實施例之液晶顯示裝器之一般結 構。 圖1顯示根據實施例之液晶顯示裝置之橫截面。此液晶顯 不裝置包括液晶顯示單元1。此液晶顯示單元1包括：入射 侧基板11 (第一基板），其設置於周圍光線進入之此單元之 該侧上；以及反射侧基板2 1 (第二基板）設置於此入射側基 板11之對面而具有在其間所給定之空間，其中液晶層3 i是 設置介於入射侧基板11與反射侧基板2 i之間。 此入射侧基板1 1設置例如具有：顏色濾光層（設置作為第 一層）12、共同電極13、以及定向層（設置作為第二層）14、 其依序堆疊在面對反射侧基板2丨之面上。此入射侧基板i 1 亦設有偏極化構件4 1位於共同電極丨3所在面之相對面上。 此反射侧基板2 1在面對入射侧基板丨丨之面上設有多個形成 矩陣之像素電極23，而具有設置於其間之絕緣層22 ;以及 定向薄膜24例如覆蓋像素電極23。像素電極23例如是由具 有反射功能（例如鋁（A1))之材料製成，且亦作為所謂的反射 電極。TFT 25是形成於絕緣層22中而對應於各像素電極”， 且各像素電極23是例如電性連接至例如TFT 25之各沒極電 極。各TFT 25之閘極電極與源極電極各電性連接至閘極線與 資料線。可以使用所謂頂閘極式TFT或所謂底閘極式τρτ作 為 TFT 25。 此入射侧基板11與反射侧基板2 i是由例如破璃製成且也 許是具大約1.5之折射率。顏色濾光層12是藉由例如將紅 (R)、綠（G)、藍（B)顏色層配置成對應於像素（像素電極Μ) -10- (6) (6)^UJU5039 配置之安 色之樹2好、、、，成其中此等顏色層是由以染料與色素著 之拚+料製成。顏色濾光層12之折射率與共同電極13 斤射率不同，例如是在大約146至17㈣範圍中。 共同電極13是由IT0製成，且可以具有大約147與19範圍 〈折射率。而將共同電極13之厚度選擇為至少8〇奈米且 :於⑽奈米，佳至少9Q奈米且小於⑽奈米，而當接近⑽ :、&quot;為更較佳’其理由將在以下討論。可以藉由改變製造 ^中薄膜形成之條件而適當調整㈤之折射率。 定向薄膜14與24是由例如聚亞銨製成，其折射率與共同 私極13之折射率不同’且例如在大約1 6至1 %的範圍中。液 日曰層3 1例如是由扭轉向列式（Μ : Twisted Nematic)液晶構成 且可以具有大約1·5之折射率。 此偏極化構件4 1包括例如：包含破之偏極化器與拉長聚 合物薄膜式相位板。更特殊的，此偏極化構件4丨是由例如 具有加入琪之拉長聚乙烯***（ρνΑ)薄膜與使用原冰片烯 族材料之相位板（其形成於聚合物體上）所構成。此偏極化 構件4 1具有此種性質：較長波長的光可以輕易的通過，但 較短波長的光不能輕易地通過。 其次’將更詳細說明根據此實施例之液晶顯示裝置之特 徵部份。 由於入射基板11與形成於其上此裝置之此等層之折射率 如上所述不同，在相鄰兩層之間之介面，入射光線（此後稱 為，，入射透射光線”）之一部份透射，且入射光線之另一部份 (此後稱為”介面反射光線”）反射。此外，在顏色;慮光層與共 -11 - 200305039 m ⑺ 同電極之間以及在共同電極與定向薄膜之間之各折射率之 差異是如此之大，以致於在此等層之介面之反射性為高。 對於可見範圍中光線此等折射率之差異是在〇至0·28的範圍 中。因此，當在相鄰兩層之間折射率之差異小於或等於〇 28 時可以認為本發明更有效。First, a general structure of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment. This liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal display unit 1. The liquid crystal display unit 1 includes: an incident-side substrate 11 (a first substrate) disposed on the side of the unit where ambient light enters; and a reflective-side substrate 2 1 (a second substrate) disposed on the incident-side substrate 11. The opposite side has a given space therebetween, wherein the liquid crystal layer 3 i is disposed between the incident-side substrate 11 and the reflective-side substrate 2 i. This incident-side substrate 11 is provided with, for example, a color filter layer (provided as a first layer) 12, a common electrode 13, and an alignment layer (provided as a second layer) 14, which are sequentially stacked on the reflective-side substrate 2丨 面。 On the surface. This incident-side substrate i 1 is also provided with a polarizing member 41 located on the opposite side of the surface where the common electrode 3 is located. The reflective-side substrate 21 is provided with a plurality of matrix-shaped pixel electrodes 23 on a surface facing the incident-side substrate 丨, and has an insulating layer 22 interposed therebetween; and an alignment film 24, for example, covers the pixel electrodes 23. The pixel electrode 23 is made of, for example, a material having a reflection function such as aluminum (A1), and also functions as a so-called reflection electrode. The TFT 25 is formed in the insulating layer 22 and corresponds to each pixel electrode ", and each pixel electrode 23 is, for example, each electrode electrode electrically connected to, for example, the TFT 25. The gate electrode and the source electrode of each TFT 25 are each electrically connected. To the gate and data lines. A so-called top-gate TFT or a bottom-gate τρτ can be used as the TFT 25. The incident-side substrate 11 and the reflective-side substrate 2 i are made of, for example, broken glass and may be It has a refractive index of about 1.5. The color filter layer 12 is configured by, for example, red (R), green (G), and blue (B) color layers corresponding to pixels (pixel electrode M) -10- (6) ( 6) ^ UJU5039 The anodic tree 2 is good ,,,, and so on. These color layers are made of dye and pigment. The refractive index of the color filter layer 12 and the common electrode 13 are shot. The rate is different, for example, in the range of about 146 to 17 ㈣. The common electrode 13 is made of IT0, and may have a range of about 147 and 19 <refractive index. The thickness of the common electrode 13 is selected to be at least 80 nm and: It is better to be at least 9Q nanometers and smaller than nanometers, but when it is close to ⑽:, &quot; is better The reason will be discussed below. The refractive index of ㈤ can be appropriately adjusted by changing the conditions of film formation in manufacturing. Orientation films 14 and 24 are made of, for example, polyimide, and their refractive index is similar to that of common private electrode 13 Different 'and, for example, in the range of about 16 to 1%. The liquid layer 31 is, for example, composed of a twisted nematic (M: Twisted Nematic) liquid crystal and may have a refractive index of about 1.5. This polar pole The forming member 41 includes, for example, a polarizing plate including a broken polarizer and an elongated polymer film type phase plate. More specifically, the polarizing member 41 is made of, for example, an elongated polyethylene ether (ρνΑ) A thin film and a phase plate (formed on a polymer body) using a raw norbornene family material. This polarizing member 41 has the property that light of a longer wavelength can easily pass through, but light of a shorter wavelength It cannot be easily passed. Secondly, the characteristic portion of the liquid crystal display device according to this embodiment will be described in more detail. Since the refractive indices of the incident substrate 11 and the layers formed on the device are different as described above, they are adjacent to each other. Between two levels In the interface, a part of the incident light (hereinafter, referred to as “incident transmitted light”) is transmitted, and the other part of the incident light (hereinafter referred to as “interface reflected light”) is reflected. In addition, the differences in the refractive indices between the color; light layer and the total electrode-11-200305039 m ⑺ between the same electrode and between the common electrode and the orientation film are so large that the reflections at the interface of these layers Sex is high. These differences in refractive index for light in the visible range are in the range of 0 to 0.28. Therefore, the present invention can be considered to be more effective when the difference in refractive index between two adjacent layers is less than or equal to 0 28.

圖2顯示在上述介面典型之入射透射光線與介面反射光 線。入射光線I通過入射侧基板11與顏色濾光層1 2而進入共 同層13，並且在共同電極13與定向薄膜14之間的介面斤^皮 分成入射透射光線心與介面反射光線R。在此等光線中，此 介面反射光線R可以在共同電極1 3與顏色濾光層1 2之間之 介面IF2再度反射，通過共同電極13與定向薄膜14，然後進 入液晶層3 1作為入射透射光線T2。因此，入射透射光線Τι 與T2進入液晶層3 1，在此兩個光線之間之光學路徑差異等 於介面反射光線R之光學路徑。因此，此兩個入射透射光線 T1與T 2根據光線路徑差異彼此增強或削弱。在此情形下之光 學路徑差異是由例如光線之入射角度、光線波長、光線之 拼射率以及薄膜（或層）的厚度而決定。在其中光線之折射 率為特定以致於它不可改變，且通常光線之入射角度亦無 法改變。因此，對於透射大約380至480奈米之較短波長光 線，可以改變共同電極1 3之厚度以控制光學路徑差異。 以下將根據特殊模擬之發現，將共同電極1 3之厚度改變 而說明周圍光線之光譜透射性質。 圖3顯示此實施例之用於液晶顯示裝置之波長與透射之 間的關係’其選擇共同電極1 3之厚度為8 〇奈米（曲線A)與9 0 -12- (8) (8)200305039 奈米（曲線B)。於圖3亦顯示將共同電接之厚度選擇為刚奈 米（曲線c)、12〇奈米（曲線D)、以及14〇奈米（曲線e)之情形 之結果作為對此實施例之比較例。此等測量是關於此光線 而作，其以對偏極化構件41之主要表面之法線（垂直線）成 大約0度 &lt; 角度進入偏極化構件41(參看圖”並且進入液 晶層31。在圖3中，垂直軸顯示光之透射，且水平轴顯示透 射光線之波長（單位：奈米）。 由圖3可以看出，當共同電極的厚度為12〇與14〇奈米時， 此在黃色以*在大約55〇至_奈米更長波長帶之光線透射 為高。而在當共同電極之厚度為12〇奈米在波長大約為3肋 至430奈米之處，以及當共同極之厚度為14〇奈米在波長為大 約380至470奈米之處光線之透射是相當的低。因此，當共同 電極的厚度為120或14〇奈米時，在藍色波長範圍中光線之透 射是相當的低，因此欲獲得純白色是相當的困# :為此原 因，此在像素電極23上所反射且通過偏極化構件41的光線 (參考圖1)由觀看者看來是帶黃的白色。反之，當共同電極 足厚度為80、90與100奈米時，在38〇至48〇奈米範圍中之較 短波長部份與較長波長部份光線之透射為高。因此，在具 有偏極化構件41之液晶單元，從較短的波長部份至較長 的波長部份光線透射之整體以良好平衡的方式而為高。因 此，藉由此較佳的顏色再生能力，觀看者可以看到例如更 純的白色（w)。 如同已經提及，圖3中所顯示之結果是用於光線以對偏極 化構件4 1 &lt;王表面（法線成大約〇度之角度入射。當光線以 -13· 200305039Figure 2 shows typical incident transmitted light and reflected light at the interface. The incident light I enters the common layer 13 through the incident-side substrate 11 and the color filter layer 12, and the interface between the common electrode 13 and the alignment film 14 is divided into the incident transmitted light center and the interface reflected light R. Among these light rays, the interface reflected light R can be reflected again at the interface IF2 between the common electrode 13 and the color filter layer 12, pass through the common electrode 13 and the alignment film 14, and then enter the liquid crystal layer 31 as an incident transmission. Ray T2. Therefore, the incident transmitted rays Ti and T2 enter the liquid crystal layer 31, and the difference in the optical path between the two rays is equal to the optical path of the interface reflected light R. Therefore, the two incident transmitted light rays T1 and T2 are strengthened or weakened with each other according to the difference in the light path. The optical path difference in this case is determined by, for example, the incident angle of the light, the wavelength of the light, the paraffin rate of the light, and the thickness of the film (or layer). The refractive index of the light is so specific that it cannot be changed, and usually the angle of incidence of the light cannot be changed. Therefore, for shorter wavelength light transmitting about 380 to 480 nanometers, the thickness of the common electrode 13 can be changed to control the optical path difference. In the following, based on the findings of special simulations, the thickness of the common electrode 13 is changed to illustrate the spectral transmission properties of the surrounding light. FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the wavelength and the transmission used in the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment. The thickness of the common electrode 13 is 80 nm (curve A) and 9 0 -12- (8) (8) 200305039 nanometers (curve B). Fig. 3 also shows the results of the case where the thickness of the common electrical connection is selected to be steel (curve c), 120 nm (curve D), and 140 nm (curve e) as a comparison of this embodiment. example. These measurements are made with respect to this light, which enters the polarizing member 41 (see the figure) and enters the liquid crystal layer 31 at an angle of approximately 0 degrees &lt; with respect to the normal (vertical line) of the main surface of the polarizing member 41 In Figure 3, the vertical axis shows the transmission of light, and the horizontal axis shows the wavelength of the transmitted light (unit: nanometer). As can be seen from Figure 3, when the thickness of the common electrode is 120 and 140 nanometers, Here the yellow light is transmitted at a higher wavelength in the longer wavelength band of about 55 to _nm. And when the thickness of the common electrode is 120 nm, the wavelength is about 3 ribs to 430 nm, and when The thickness of the common electrode is 14 nm, and the transmission of light is quite low at a wavelength of about 380 to 470 nm. Therefore, when the thickness of the common electrode is 120 or 140 nm, in the blue wavelength range The transmission of light is quite low, so it is quite difficult to obtain pure white #: For this reason, the light (refer to FIG. 1) reflected on the pixel electrode 23 and passing through the polarizing member 41 is seen by the viewer It is yellowish white. Conversely, when the common electrode foot thickness is 80, 90 At 100 nm, the transmission of light in the shorter wavelength portion and the longer wavelength portion in the range of 38 to 48 nm is high. Therefore, in a liquid crystal cell having a polarizing member 41, the shorter the The overall transmission of light from the wavelength portion to the longer wavelength portion is high in a well-balanced manner. Therefore, with this better color reproduction capability, the viewer can see, for example, a more pure white (w). It has already been mentioned that the result shown in FIG. 3 is for light rays incident on the polarizing member 4 1 &lt; Wang surface (normal at an angle of about 0 degrees. When the light rays are incident at -13 200305039

(9) 對法線從大約 1至90度範圍中的角度進入偏極化構件時，其 在共同電接13中之光學路徑將長於在0度入射光線之情 ^ 以致於當考慮到光學路徑差異時，此共同電極之明顯(9) When the normal enters the polarized member from an angle in the range of about 1 to 90 degrees, its optical path in the common electrical connection 13 will be longer than the incident light at 0 degrees ^ so that when considering the optical path The difference is obvious for this common electrode

旱又可以i胥加至至少1〇〇奈米。為此原因，如果入射光線I 攸各角度進入液晶單元丨，則共同電極之厚度最佳應為小於 100奈米。 雖然在此未詳細顯示，如果此共同電極1 3具有小於80奈 米之厚度’則如同共同電.極之厚度為120與140奈米的情形相 同’此光線在較長波長侧具有峰值，且在較短波長侧具有 低值’而使得非常難以獲得純白色。 此具有上述結構之液晶顯示裝置之操作如下： 在此液晶顯示裝置中，周圍的光線通過偏極化構件4 1， 然後依序通過入射侧基板11、顏色濾光層1 2、共同電極1 3、 疋向薄膜1 4、液晶層3 1、以及定向薄膜24，並且到達像素 包極23 ’在其上光線反射。此經反射之光線通過上述之層 (或薄膜）並且由入射侧基板丨丨射出。於此情形中，當將電 壓施加介於共同電極13與像素電極23之間（導通（〇N)狀態） 時獲得黑顯示狀態；在未將電壓施加於此兩者之間（切斷 (Off)狀怨）時’則獲得白顯示狀態。雖然在此所描述的關於 所謂正常白模式，當然可以安排裝置在相反模式（即，正常 黑模式）中操作。 在此實施例中，由於將共同電極丨3之厚度選擇為至少8 〇 奈米且小於100奈米，則當入射光線I進入液晶層3〖時，且 當入射光線I在由像素電極（反射電極）23反射後從入射侧基 -14- 200305039Drought can be increased to at least 100 nm. For this reason, if the incident light I enters the liquid crystal cell at various angles, the thickness of the common electrode should preferably be less than 100 nm. Although it is not shown in detail here, if the common electrode 13 has a thickness of less than 80 nanometers, it is like common electricity. The thickness of the electrodes is the same as that of 120 and 140 nanometers. This light has a peak on the longer wavelength side, and Having a low value at the shorter wavelength side makes it very difficult to obtain pure white. The operation of the liquid crystal display device having the above structure is as follows: In this liquid crystal display device, the surrounding light passes through the polarizing member 4 1 and then sequentially passes through the incident-side substrate 11, the color filter layer 1 2, and the common electrode 1 3 , The orientation film 14, the liquid crystal layer 31, and the orientation film 24, and reach the pixel envelope 23 ′ and the light is reflected thereon. This reflected light passes through the above-mentioned layer (or film) and exits from the incident-side substrate. In this case, a black display state is obtained when a voltage is applied between the common electrode 13 and the pixel electrode 23 (on (ON) state); when no voltage is applied between these two (off (Off ) Like resentment) when you get a white display status. Although described herein with respect to the so-called normal white mode, the device can of course be arranged to operate in the opposite mode (i.e., the normal black mode). In this embodiment, since the thickness of the common electrode 3 is selected to be at least 80 nm and less than 100 nm, when the incident light I enters the liquid crystal layer 3, and when the incident light I Electrode) 23 after reflection from the incident side base-14- 200305039

板11射出時，此較短波長的光線以較高的比例透射，此以 後將再討論。其結果為，即使當偏極化構件4 i對於較短波 長光線之透射為低時，此種低的光透射可以被抵償，以致 於此藍（B)及/或白（W)光在從入射侧基板“射出後通過偏極 化構件4 1 ’而可藉由較佳之顏色再生能力而可被更純粹地 觀察。 雖然，如周圍光線進入液晶單元1而至像素電極23之 已經參考圖2在以上說明，此對於經反射光線再進入此入射 側基板1 1的情形亦同樣為真。 同、上以本μ訑例之液晶顯示裝置說明，由於將共同 〃々厚度選擇為至少8〇奈米且少於⑽奈米，除了在可見 圍中較長波長的光之外，纟可見範圍中較短波長的光亦 可在液晶單元中傳送。阴u 得2^ 因此，此範圍可以被延伸，其中此 由觀察者所觀察之顏$ ^ . 、色色碉可以碉整，且可改善此裝置之 頜色再生能力。 雖然本發明可以泉余 受隈认L ^ $只施例說明，但應暸解本發明並不 民於上述之實施例 e 在上述會、μ ,山 疋可以各種方式修正。例如，雖然 、貫施例中已、細势 層上的_ ρ 乂 明共同電極1 3直接設置在顏色濾光 q rf形，但可以 置例如Λ本心4 顏色遽光層1 2與共同電極1 3之間設 u如由丙烯樹脂&lt; M6至1·7範圍中之折/ 所製之覆蓋層（具有在大約 料且使得顏色滤光屠S’以保護顏色滤光層12之著色材 晶顯示裝w + π、λ 平坦。然而在如同上述使用TFT之液 衣置宁關於此 不使用雩芸硫 坦又要求但沒有太嚴格，因此經常 J復盍層。即使卷 ^ 入此種覆蓋層時，由於此覆蓋層 -15· 200305039 (11) 是由樹脂製成作為顏色濾光層之基本材料， 層之材料可以被認為相等，且此兩層可被認』 雖然在上述實施例中已經說明亦將像素電 射器之情形，然而像素電極與反射器可以， 置。此外，雖然在上述的實施例中已經說明 構，其中此射入侧基板11設有偏極化構件4 1 以在此射入侧基板1 1與偏極化構件4 1之間 (quarter-wavelength plate)，用於將圓偏極化光 光各轉變成線性偏極化光與圓偏極化光。 雖然在上述實施例中已經說明，此具有主 之液晶顯示裝置使用TFT 25作為切換元件，但 的切換元件例如金屬氧化物半導體場效應電 而不使用TFT。此外，雖然在上述實施例中已 謂主動式矩陣系統之液晶顯示裝置，然而本 示裝置亦可使用於具有所謂被動矩陣系統之 使用切換元件。 在以上所說明的實施例中採用透射式液晶 液晶顯示裝置之例子。然而，本發明可廣泛 顯示裝置，其中此反射侧基板之至少一部份 線反射之功能，例如具有反射部份與透射部 4液晶顯示裝置，以及液晶顯示装置其中將 厚度製薄而將光線之一部份反射且將光線 射。 圖式代表符號說明When the plate 11 is emitted, this shorter-wavelength light is transmitted at a higher ratio, which will be discussed later. As a result, even when the polarization of the polarizing member 4 i is low for short-wavelength light, such low light transmission can be compensated, so that the blue (B) and / or white (W) light is transmitted from The incident-side substrate "is emitted through the polarizing member 4 1 ′ and can be observed more purely with better color reproduction capability. Although, for example, ambient light enters the liquid crystal cell 1 and reaches the pixel electrode 23 with reference to FIG. 2 In the above description, this is also true for the case where the reflected light enters the incident-side substrate 11 again. The same as the above-mentioned description of the liquid crystal display device, since the common thickness is selected to be at least 80 nanometers. Meters and less than nanometers, in addition to the longer wavelengths of light in the visible range, the shorter wavelengths of light in the visible range can also be transmitted in the liquid crystal cell. Yin u is 2 ^ Therefore, this range can be extended Among them, the color $ ^. Observed by the observer can be adjusted, and the jaw color regenerating ability of the device can be improved. Although the present invention can be recognized by Lv $ only as an example, it should be Understanding the present invention is not based on the above Example e In the above meeting, μ, mountain stream can be modified in various ways. For example, although the _ ρ 乂 ming common electrode 1 3 on the potential layer in the embodiment is directly set in the color filter q rf shape, it can be For example, Λ Benxin 4 color luminous layer 12 and common electrode 1 3 is set as a cover layer made of acrylic resin &lt; M6 to 1.7 range / The filter device S 'is used to protect the color material crystal display device of the color filter layer 12. w + π and λ are flat. However, as described above, the liquid-coating device using TFT is not required to use sulfathione but it is not too strict. Therefore, the layer is often J. Even when rolled into such a cover layer, since the cover layer-15 · 200305039 (11) is made of resin as the basic material of the color filter layer, the materials of the layers can be considered equal "Also, the two layers can be recognized." Although the case of the pixel emitter has been described in the above embodiment, the pixel electrode and the reflector can be placed. In addition, although the structure has been described in the above embodiment, where This entrance-side substrate 11 is provided with a polarizing member 4 1 A quarter-wavelength plate between the incident side substrate 11 and the polarizing member 41 is used to convert each of the circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light and circularly polarized light. It has been explained in the above embodiment that the main liquid crystal display device uses the TFT 25 as a switching element, but the switching element such as a metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor does not use a TFT. In addition, although the active The liquid crystal display device of the matrix type system, however, the display device can also be used for a use switching element having a so-called passive matrix system. In the embodiment described above, the example of the transmissive liquid crystal liquid crystal display device is used. However, the present invention can be used for a wide range of display devices, in which at least a part of the reflective side substrate has the function of linear reflection, such as a liquid crystal display device having a reflective portion and a transmissive portion, and a liquid crystal display device in which the thickness is reduced and the light is reduced. Partly reflects and shoots the light. Schematic representation of symbols

此等用於此兩 Ir是單件。 極使用作為反 令別獨立地設 顯示裝置之結 ，然而當然可 設置1/4波片 與線性偏極化 動式矩陣系統 亦可使用其他 晶體（MOSFET) 經說明具有所 發明之液晶顯 裝置，其中不 顯示裝置作為 地使用於液晶 具有將入射光 份之混合結構 像素電極2 3之 之另一部份透These used for these two Ir are single pieces. The pole is used as a knot to independently set the display device. However, of course, a 1/4 wave plate and a linear polarized dynamic matrix system can be provided. Other crystals (MOSFETs) can also be used. It has been shown that the invention has a liquid crystal display device. Among them, a non-display device is used as a liquid crystal having another portion of the pixel electrode 23 having a mixed structure of incident light.

-16- 200305039 (12) 11 入射侧基板 12 顏色濾光層 13 共同電極 14 定向薄膜 21 反射侧基板 22 絕緣層 23 像素電極 24 定向薄膜 25 薄膜電晶體 31 液晶層 41 偏極化構件 A，B，C，D，E 曲線 I 入射光線 IFi 介面 if2 介面 R 介面反射光線 Ti9 T2 透射光線-16- 200305039 (12) 11 Incident-side substrate 12 Color filter layer 13 Common electrode 14 Orientation film 21 Reflective substrate 22 Insulating layer 23 Pixel electrode 24 Orientation film 25 Thin film transistor 31 Liquid crystal layer 41 Polarization members A, B , C, D, E curve I incident light IFi interface if2 interface R interface reflected light Ti9 T2 transmitted light

-17--17-

Claims (1)

200305039 拾、申請專利範圍 1. 一種液晶顯示裝置，包括： -第一基板，設有電極，其具有彼此面對且由 化物製成之一與另一表面，一第一層鄰接電極之 且具有與電極不同的折射率，以及第二層鄰接電 一表面且具有與電極不同的折射率； -第二基板，設置在第一基板之對面在其間具 之空間，且在其至少一部份中具有將入射光線反 能； -設置介於第一基板與第二基板之間之液晶層 -設置於第一基板面上之偏極化構件，其在形 之第一基板之面之對面，其中 此電極之厚度至少為80奈米且小於100奈米。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之液晶顯示裝置，其中此第 第二層為顏色濾光層。 3. 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之液晶顯示裝置，其中 化構件包括：含有碘之偏光器與拉長聚合物薄膜 板0 銦錫氧 一表面 極之另 有給定 射之功 ；以及 成電極 一層或 此偏極 式相位200305039 Patent application scope 1. A liquid crystal display device comprising:-a first substrate provided with electrodes having one and the other surface facing each other and made of a compound, a first layer adjacent to the electrode and having A refractive index different from that of the electrode, and a second layer adjacent to the first surface and having a refractive index different from that of the electrode; a second substrate, which is disposed on the opposite side of the first substrate with a space therebetween, and in at least a part of it It has a counter-energy for incident light;-a liquid crystal layer provided between the first substrate and the second substrate-a polarizing member provided on the surface of the first substrate, which is opposite to the surface of the shaped first substrate, wherein The thickness of this electrode is at least 80 nm and less than 100 nm. 2. The liquid crystal display device according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the second layer is a color filter layer. 3. For the liquid crystal display device of the scope of application for patent item 1 or 2, wherein the chemical structure includes: a polarizer containing iodine and an elongated polymer film plate 0 indium tin oxide having a given surface work; and Electrode layer or this polar phase