200303365 玖、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於轉爐之加襯，詳細而言是關於用於熔鋼之 熔製的轉爐之磚襯、尤其是爐口錐面部之砌磚構造。 【先前技術】 轉爐係爲用於熔製熔鋼時之冶金容器中一種。如圖6所 不’其全體構造係由’用於原料的投入、且排出因精鍊而 產生的熔渣的爐口 1 ;保持熔鋼及熔渣、且進行精鍊的爐 腹部2及爐底部3 ;以及在從直徑大的上述爐腹部2至爐 口 1之間，向著上方漸漸使直徑變窄而成的錐面部4所構 成。而且，該轉爐5的外側係由鐵皮6所形成，與高溫的 熔鋼及熔渣接觸的內部，係通過內襯耐火磚7等的耐火物 (稱爲加襯）用以保護該部分。 但是，上述「錐面部」4的加襯，一般係採用將耐火磚 7 (以下，簡稱爲磚），如圖4所示，使磚面水平予以砌磚的 「水平砌磚」，或是如圖5所示，使磚面由水平傾斜予以砌 磚的「傾斜砌磚」的施工方式。此外，作爲其他的方法， 於砌磚時，還凝聚有如下述的特殊功夫的技術。 例如，提出有對於錐面部的鐵皮面，使磚面垂直予以砌 起的方案（參照日本專利文獻1 )。此外，揭示有於錐面部 的磚上裝備鉤具，利用相互掛鎖以防止該錐面部的磚落下 的技術（參照日本專利文獻2及3)。又，還揭示有於施工 時於磚上預雕琢溝槽，將相鄰的磚彼此一體化，以達到落 下防止的效果的技術（參照日本專利文獻4及5 )。 200303365 並且，根據迄今爲止的經驗，對於獲取錐面部4的長壽 命化，上述「傾斜砌磚」的構造方式較「水平砌磚」的構 造方式更佳。這是因爲熔鋼及熔渣等的侵蝕，一般係從爐 腹部2開始而擴及錐面部4，當爲「水平砌磚」的構造方 式時，藉由施於較熔損部上方位置的磚向著下方的作用 力，易使位於下方的磚折斷的原因。也就是說，若磚被折 斷而有局部脫落的話，錐面部全周的磚承載力消失，招致 磚全體脫落的事故發生，從而妨礙了作業的繼續進行。 相對於此，「傾斜砌磚」的構造方式中，由於將上述向 下的作用力分散而予以減輕，因此，較「水平砌磚」的構 造方式，具有減輕磚被折斷的效果。而且，爲了最大限地 發揮該效果，如上述日本專利文獻1所揭示，以磚面相對 於爐壁面呈直角予以砌磚爲佳。 但是，在該日本專利文獻1之技術中，若爐壁的傾斜太 過時，由於築爐中磚會滑落，因此有無法順利地進行築爐 作業的問題。尤其是，在最初使用（建立）轉爐時，於爐內 加入焦炭予以加熱，於被施工的加襯乾燥後，再相反地排 出焦炭，但是，此時有使傾斜砌磚的錐面部的磚脫落的情 況。此外，作爲錐面部磚的落下防止對策，如上述日本專 利文獻2及3之記載，具有於磚上裝備鉤具的技術，但此 會造成材料成本的上升。又，如上述日本專利文獻4及5 之記載，於錐面部磚預設溝槽而予以一體化的技術，則有 另外設置溝槽的作業的必要，因而有增大作業工時，造成 成本上升的問題。在沖壓成形加工磚時使用的模具設置對 200303365 應該溝槽的凹凸，以製造如上述日本專利文獻4及5所揭 示的溝槽中，在隨後的磚的熱處理時，從該溝槽的邊角易 產生裂縫。據此’必須在製造磚後再另外進行切槽加工。 本發明係鑒於上述情況，目的在於提供一即使錐面部的 磚爲「傾斜砌磚」，仍可較習知方法抑制磚的脫落，且、施 工時的作業性優良的轉爐的加襯。 [曰本專利文獻1 ] 實開平3 - 6 7 0 5 0號公報 [曰本專利文獻2] 特開平1 - 3 0 9 9 1 5號公報 [曰本專利文獻3 ] 實開平5 - 3 7 9 5 0號公報 [曰本專利文獻4] 特公昭5 8 - 3 2 3 1 1號公報 [曰本專利文獻5 ] 特開平5 -2 797 1 9號公報 【發明內容】 本發明者爲了達成上述目的而經過刻意硏究，於本發明 中將該成果具體化。 也就是說，本發明之轉爐錐面部之加襯，係於轉爐錐面 部的鐵皮上以傾斜砌磚方式砌耐火磚，用以保護高溫的熔 鋼及熔渣造成的熔損的轉爐錐面部的加襯中，其特徵爲： 於上述耐火磚的上面及下面設置上凸的彎折繫止部，且使 砌於上側的耐火磚下面的該繋止部與砌於下側的耐火磚上 200303365 面的繫止部相互重疊。 此外，本發明最好使上述耐火磚的上面及下面相對於上 述鐵皮的面垂直，或是，使上述上凸的彎折繫止部的高度 爲5〜20mm，或是，將上述上凸的彎折繫止部的位置設在 離耐火磚的鐵皮側端部而爲磚全長的1 /1 5〜1 /3的位置。 根據本發明，藉由創新設計的上凸的彎折繫止部，上下 彼此相鄰的磚相互繫止，因此，即使有發生爐腹部的熔損， 磚仍不易剝落。此外，還可防止砌磚時或相反作業時的磚 的脫落。簡言之，根據本發明，可廉價提供即使錐面部的 磚爲「傾斜砌磚」，仍可較習知方法抑制磚的脫落，且、施 工時的作業性優良的轉爐的加襯。 【實施方式】 以下，參照圖式，說明本發明之實施形態。 圖1顯示本發明之轉爐錐面部之加襯的全體印象。用於 該加襯的磚7，如圖1所示，係爲於水平砌於爐腹部2的 爐腹部磚8上，呈傾斜予以砌磚者。而且，其重點在於， 並非爲如一般的磚般僅具有平坦面的磚，如圖2之橫剖面 所示，而是採用於磚面的局部設置上凸彎折繫止部9的 磚。簡言之，係使砌於上側的磚下面的該繫止部9 a與砌於 下側的磚上面的繫止部9b相互重疊者。據此，由於上下彼 此相鄰的磚相互繋止，因此，即使爐腹部磚8及錐面部4 的碍7受到某種程度的熔損，而使支撐下方的磚漏失，上 方的磚仍不易脫落。又，將繫止部9設爲上凸，是因爲若 將其設爲下凹，在上下重疊磚時變得易滑落，而在施加有 200303365 外力時，有磚一起被脫落的情況發生。 此外，若進行如此之加襯，於砌磚時，進入爐內的作業 者可從身前向著鐵皮側按壓磚7，而僅以將砌於上側的磚 的繫止部9 a落入砌於下側的磚的繫止部9b予以施工，因 此，不會增大築爐作業上的負載。又，關於磚的製造，只 要製作可出現如上述形狀的模具框即可，無需另外特別的 成本。又，磚爐用磚襯因於圓環狀的鐵皮上施工，因此， 一般會產生並非爲長方體的鄰接磚的相對2面不平行的情 況。本發明中，磚上設有凸的彎折而爲多面體，因此在施 工上不會有任何問題。 但是，在與轉爐互異的技術領域中，例如，在熱風爐等 的內壁、尤其是其天頂部，爲了防止磚的落下，已使用具 有繫止部的耐火磚。作爲用於熱風爐等的耐火磚的代表 者，係於加襯厚度方向中央附近具有上述繫止部（相當於圖 1的9 a )，繫止部的階差的高度約爲2 5 m m左右，以及到達 階差的傾斜部（相當於圖1的9 c )，構成爲與磚的水平面形 成約3 0 °左右的角度（相當於0 1)。但是，此種形狀因如下 的情況要適用於轉爐的加襯仍有困難。 第一，熱風爐等的耐火磚的損傷較少，一般至交換爲止 的壽命爲十年以上。另一方面，由於轉爐的內壁經常受到 熔鋼的侵触，其壽命最多爲1年左右。而且，當加襯的侵 蝕到達上述繫止部時，該繫止效果當然消失，因此，磚掉 落的危險急增。據此，若如熱風爐所使用的情況，繫止部 在加襯厚度方向中央附近，在磚被侵蝕一半的時點，磚掉 10 200303365 落的危險急增，因而有磚交換頻率增多的問題。 第二，熱風爐內的爐內溫度爲1 2 0 0 °C，但是，轉爐的爐 內溫度最大超過1 7 0 0 °C，因此，轉爐的環境較熱風爐等的 熱負載高。此外，在熱傳導率上，轉爐所使用的MgO-C磚 (氧化鎂及碳磚）也較熱風爐等所使用的矽磚大，因此，具 有在轉爐的加襯的情況，集中於該繫止部等的變形部分的 力，較熱風爐的情況大的問題。 爲解決上述第1問題，要求儘量將繫止部設於靠近加襯 厚度方向的鐵皮側，但是，第二問題點要將繫止部設於磚 的邊端附近、或是、增大繫止部的突出以增加繫止力具有 困難。爲了滿足此等相反的條件，本發明者嘗試了各式各 樣的形狀·尺寸的結果，發現藉由下述的形狀即可克服上 述問題點而解決課題。 首先，本發明中，針對該上凸的彎折繫止部的形狀，如 所謂「鉤」的形狀、如階梯般的直角階差或是傾斜的階差、 曰文文字的平假名「〃」字狀或是羅馬字的「S」狀等， 只要具有相互繫止接合的效果即可。但是，從繫止力及繫 止部強度的綜合效果的角度考慮，以圖2所示的緩S字狀 爲最佳。此外，凸部9a以不是角而是曲面，角度上而言大 於直角者爲佳。這是因爲如此構成的話，可抑制因應力集 中而將彎折的角（邊角）爲起點的裂開。 又，傾斜部9c與磚的水平面形成的傾斜角度（θ 1 )約未 滿3 0 °〜9 0 °，更佳則最好爲4 5 °〜7 5 °。也就是說，若角度 過小則係止力不足，尤其是在垂直於爐壁面堆砌之傾斜堆 11 200303365 砌中，該傾向增大。另一方面，若角度過大’則繫止部易 被破壞。 此外，本發明中，以上凸的彎折繫止部9的高度爲5〜 2 0mm爲佳。其理由是因爲若未滿5mm時，磚彼此的繋止 即使因不穩定的小外力也有可能造成磚的脫落，若超過 2 0 m m時，會有繫止效果飽和，及繫止部變爲脆弱的懸念 的原因。 除此之外，本發明中，最好將上凸的彎折繫止部9的位 置設在離耐火磚的鐵皮側端部而爲加襯厚度方向全長的 1/15〜1/3的位置。這是因爲該繫止部的位置離耐火磚的鐵 皮側端部未滿全長的1 /1 5時，萬一磚被折斷時剩餘的磚無 法完全保護鐵皮的緣故，而若超過1 /3時，在侵鈾的深入 或是被施以向下的力時，易造成脫落的原因。又，尤其以 磚的全長的1 /1 5〜1 /1 0程度爲更佳。此外，如上述的彎折 繫止部因爲形狀單純，利用在製造磚時的模具框預先設置 對應該彎折繫止部的凹凸即可容易形成。又，雖對於磚的 種類並無要求，但是，仍以前述的氧化鎂及碳磚的應用爲 佳。關於砌磚7的傾斜角度（圖1的0 2 )，只要相對於水平 具有某種程度的傾斜即可（例如約爲1 〇度），但是最好爲 1 5度以上，以磚面相對於鐵皮面垂直的情況爲最佳。這是 因爲分散對於磚7的向下力的效果大的原因。 (實施例） 作爲轉爐的錐面部用，製作如圖2所示的磚，以垂直於 鐵皮的狀態將磚7施工於轉爐5的錐面部4(本發明之實施 12 200303365 例），在該轉爐進行熔製熔鋼的作業。此外，還在由具有通 常的平坦面的磚所施工的轉爐進行作業（比較例）。此等磚 7的材質係爲MgO-C系（氧化鎂及碳磚），爲將MgO與C 的混合粉末流入各個的模具框予以成形，乾燥後製作而成 的所謂「不燒性」的磚。又，本發明之磚的尺寸，如圖7 所示，爲高度150mmx長度（加襯厚度方向）810mmx寬度 7 5 mm，且在上下面分別設置上凸彎折繫止部9。該上凸彎 折繫止部9係位於離開鐵皮側的端部75mm的位置，且設 有如圖2所示的傾斜的階差，該階差的高度爲1 5 m m。此 外，磚面部4以外的磚爐5的各部，係由通常的磚所施工 而成。到達階差的傾斜部的傾斜9c的傾斜角（0 1 :參照圖 2)爲6 0度。又，作爲上述錐面部磚的施工方法，比較例i 爲習知的「水平砌磚」（0 2 = 0度），比較例2爲傾斜角（(9 2)爲1 2度的「傾斜砌磚」，本發明之實施例中，爲使碍面 垂直於鐵皮面的「傾斜砌磚」。又，習知之平坦磚中，要超 過此以上的傾斜有困難。此外，從垂直於鐵皮面（爐壁面） 而予以傾斜堆砌的情況的水平面的磚的傾斜（0 2 :參照圖 1 )約爲3 0度。此外，本發明中，利用垂直於磚爐錐面部的 鐵皮（0 3 = 90度、（參照圖〗））予以砌磚可獲得最大效果， 但是’確認到在Θ (參照圖1)爲95〜105度也有效果（參照 Η 3 ) °又’作業中，雖從普通碳鋼開始到各種鋼種進行多 數爐料的熔製’但是，在比較例及本發明則爲平均且大致 相同的鋼種（組成）。 Η 3顯示由轉爐錐面部的壽命指數（以水平砌磚的壽命 13 200303365 爲基準）來評價由此等轉爐進行的作業結果。從圖3可知若 根據本發明則其轉爐錐面部的壽命較習知可提高2倍的程 度。這是因爲在習知之水平砌磚及傾斜砌磚中，碍的消耗 係爲裂縫與熔損的複合，但是，藉由垂直於鐵皮予以砌磚 則可分散施予錐面部磚的外力，從而可抑制磚的破裂的原 因。此外，於進行本發明之磚爐的加襯的施工時，與習知 施工比較不會增加築爐作業的工時，此外，磚的成本僅爲 製作新的模具框，因此，磚的製造成本不會上升。 【圖式簡單說明】 · 圖1爲顯示本發明之轉爐錐面部之全體印象的橫剖視 圖。 圖2爲顯示本發明之轉爐錐面部之詳細的橫剖視圖。 圖3爲顯示具備本發明之錐面部及習知錐面部的轉爐的 錐面部壽命的圖。 圖4爲顯示習知之「水平砌磚」方式的轉爐錐面部的橫 剖視圖。 圖5爲顯示習知之「傾斜砌磚」方式的轉爐錐面部的橫 ® 剖視圖。 圖6爲顯示一般之上吹轉爐的構造的橫剖視圖。 圖7爲顯示本發明之磚的尺寸、形狀的一例圖，圖7 (a) 爲側視圖，圖7 (b)爲俯視圖。 (元件符號說明） 1 爐口 2 爐腹部 14 200303365200303365 发明 Description of the invention [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to the lining of converters, and in particular to the brick lining of converters used for melting steel, especially the brickwork structure of the taper face of the furnace mouth. [Previous Technology] Converter is a kind of metallurgical vessel used for melting steel. As shown in Fig. 6, the entire structure is made of the furnace mouth 1 for input of raw materials and discharge of slag generated by refining; the furnace belly 2 and furnace bottom 3 that hold molten steel and slag and perform refining And a cone portion 4 formed by gradually narrowing the diameter from the furnace belly 2 to the furnace mouth 1 with a large diameter. Moreover, the outer side of the converter 5 is formed by the iron sheet 6, and the inner part which is in contact with high-temperature molten steel and slag is protected by a refractory lined with refractory bricks 7 (called a lining). However, the lining of the "tapered surface" 4 is generally a "horizontal bricking" in which the refractory bricks 7 (hereinafter referred to as bricks) are laid horizontally, as shown in Fig. 4, or As shown in Fig. 5, a "tilt bricklaying" construction method in which a brick surface is bricked from a horizontal slope. In addition, as another method, the following special kung fu techniques are condensed when laying bricks. For example, a proposal has been made to build a brick surface perpendicularly to the iron surface of the tapered surface (see Japanese Patent Document 1). In addition, a technique is disclosed in which a hook is provided on a brick with a tapered surface portion and a padlock is used to prevent the brick with a tapered surface portion from falling down (see Japanese Patent Documents 2 and 3). In addition, a technique is disclosed in which grooves are pre-carved on a brick during construction, and adjacent bricks are integrated with each other to achieve the effect of preventing fall (see Japanese Patent Documents 4 and 5). 200303365 Furthermore, according to the experience so far, for obtaining the longevity of the tapered surface portion 4, the construction method of the "tilted brickwork" is better than the construction method of the "horizontal brickwork". This is because the erosion of molten steel and slag generally starts from the furnace belly 2 and expands to the tapered surface portion 4. When it is a "horizontal bricklaying" construction method, it is applied to the bricks located above the melted part. The downward force may easily cause the bricks below to break. In other words, if the brick is broken and partly falls off, the bearing capacity of the bricks on the entire circumference of the tapered surface disappears, causing an accident that the entire bricks fall off, which prevents the operation from continuing. In contrast, in the construction method of "tilted brickwork", the above-mentioned downward force is dispersed and reduced, so the construction method of "horizontal brickwork" has the effect of reducing brick breakage. Further, in order to maximize the effect, as disclosed in the aforementioned Japanese Patent Document 1, it is preferable that the brick surface is laid at a right angle to the wall surface of the furnace. However, in the technique of Japanese Patent Document 1, if the inclination of the furnace wall is too large, the bricks may slip off during the furnace building, so that the furnace building operation cannot be smoothly performed. In particular, when the converter is first used (built), coke is added to the furnace for heating, and after the construction lining is dried, the coke is discharged on the contrary. However, at this time, the bricks of the tapered face of the inclined brickwork are peeled off. Case. In addition, as a countermeasure for preventing the drop of the tapered face brick, as described in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Documents 2 and 3, there is a technology for equipping the brick with a hook, but this causes an increase in material cost. In addition, as described in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Documents 4 and 5, the technology of integrating the grooves in the tapered surface tiles by presetting and integrating them requires the operation of separately providing grooves, which increases the number of working hours and increases the cost. The problem. The mold used in the stamping process of the brick is provided with a concave-convex groove corresponding to 200303365 to manufacture the groove as disclosed in the aforementioned Japanese Patent Documents 4 and 5. In the subsequent heat treatment of the brick, the corners of the groove are processed. Easy to crack. Accordingly, it is necessary to perform a grooving process after the brick is manufactured. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a converter lining which can suppress the falling of the bricks more conventionally than the conventional method even if the bricks of the tapered surface portion are "inclined bricklaying", and have excellent workability during construction. [Japanese Patent Document 1] Shikaihei 3-6 7 0 50 0 [Japanese Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Heihei 1-3 0 9 9 1 5 [Japanese Patent Document 3] Shi Kaihei 5-3 7 Japanese Patent Publication No. 9 [Japanese Patent Document 4] Japanese Patent Publication No. 5 8-3 2 3 1 Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-2 797 1 [Inventive Content] The present inventor The above purpose has been deliberately studied, and this result is embodied in the present invention. That is to say, the lining of the converter cone surface of the present invention is based on the construction of refractory bricks on the iron plate of the converter cone surface by oblique brickwork to protect the converter cone surface caused by the molten steel and slag caused by high temperature melting. In the lining, it is characterized in that convex bending stoppers are provided on the upper and lower sides of the refractory brick, and the stopper under the refractory brick on the upper side and the refractory brick on the lower side are 200303365. The captive portions of the surfaces overlap each other. In addition, in the present invention, it is preferable that the upper and lower faces of the refractory brick are perpendicular to the surface of the iron sheet, or the height of the convex bending stopper is 5 to 20 mm, or the convex The position of the bending restraint portion is set at a position from the end of the side of the iron sheet of the refractory brick to be 1/1 5 to 1/3 of the total length of the brick. According to the present invention, the bricks adjacent to each other are tied to each other by the upwardly-curved bending-stopping portion of the innovative design. Therefore, even if the melting of the furnace belly occurs, the bricks are not easy to peel off. In addition, it is possible to prevent the bricks from falling off when laying bricks or vice versa. In short, according to the present invention, even if the brick of the tapered surface portion is a "tilted brick", it is possible to provide the lining of the converter which can suppress the falling of the brick by a conventional method and has excellent workability during construction. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 shows the overall impression of the lining of the converter cone face of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the brick 7 used for the lining is a furnace belly brick 8 which is horizontally laid on the furnace belly 2 and is laid at an angle. Moreover, the main point is that, instead of a brick having only a flat surface like a general brick, as shown in the cross section of FIG. 2, a brick is used in which the convex surface is provided with a convex bending stop portion 9 on a part of the brick surface. In short, the anchoring portion 9a laid under the upper brick and the anchoring portion 9b laid on the lower brick overlap each other. According to this, since the bricks adjacent to each other are tied to each other, even if the furnace belly brick 8 and the conical surface 4 are affected by a certain degree of melting loss, the bricks below the support are missed, and the bricks above are not easy to fall off. . The reason why the locking portion 9 is convex is that if it is set to be concave, it will easily slip off when bricks are stacked up and down, and when 200303365 external force is applied, the bricks may fall off together. In addition, if lined in this way, when brick laying, the operator entering the furnace can press the brick 7 from the front toward the iron sheet side, and only the anchoring portion 9 a of the brick laying on the upper side falls into the brick laying. Since the anchoring portion 9b of the lower brick is constructed, the load on the furnace building operation is not increased. In addition, as for the manufacture of the brick, it is only necessary to produce a mold frame that can be shaped as described above, and no special cost is required. In addition, since the brick lining for a brick furnace is constructed on a ring-shaped iron sheet, the opposite two surfaces of adjacent bricks that are not rectangular parallelepiped are generally not parallel. In the present invention, the brick is provided with a convex bend to be a polyhedron, so there is no problem in the construction. However, in a technical field different from converters, for example, on the inner wall of a hot blast stove or the like, especially its ceiling, to prevent the brick from falling, a refractory brick having a stopper has been used. As a representative of refractory bricks used in hot blast stoves, it has the above-mentioned fastening portion (corresponding to 9 a in FIG. 1) near the center of the thickness direction of the lining, and the height of the step difference of the fastening portion is about 25 mm. And the inclined portion (corresponding to 9 c in FIG. 1) reaching the step is formed to form an angle of about 30 ° with the horizontal plane of the brick (corresponding to 0 1). However, it is difficult to apply this shape to the lining of a converter due to the following situations. First, there is less damage to refractory bricks such as hot blast stoves, and the life span to exchange is generally more than ten years. On the other hand, since the inner wall of the converter is often invaded by molten steel, its life span is at most about one year. Moreover, when the erosion of the lining reaches the above-mentioned anchoring portion, the anchoring effect of course disappears, and therefore, the risk of the brick falling sharply increases. According to this, if the fastening part is near the center of the thickness direction of the lining as in the case of a hot blast stove, when the brick is eroded halfway, the risk of falling of the brick 10 200303365 increases sharply, and therefore there is a problem that the brick exchange frequency increases. Second, the furnace temperature in the hot-blast furnace is 120 ° C. However, the maximum furnace temperature in the converter exceeds 1700 ° C. Therefore, the converter environment has a higher heat load than a hot-blast furnace. In addition, in terms of thermal conductivity, MgO-C bricks (magnesia and carbon bricks) used in converters are also larger than silicon bricks used in hot blast furnaces. Therefore, there are cases where converters are lined, focusing on this system. The problem is that the force of the deformed part of the unit is larger than that of the hot blast stove. In order to solve the above-mentioned first problem, it is required to provide the fastening portion as close to the iron sheet side as possible in the direction of the thickness of the lining. However, the second problem is to place the fastening portion near the edge of the brick or increase the fastening It is difficult to protrude the part to increase the stopping force. In order to satisfy these opposite conditions, the present inventors tried various shapes and sizes, and found that the problems described above can be solved by the following shapes. First of all, according to the present invention, the shape of the upwardly-curved bending stop is, for example, a so-called "hook" shape, a step-like right-angle step or an inclined step, and a hiragana "〃" of a Japanese character. The shape of the letter or the Roman letter "S", and the like, as long as they have the effect of restraining and joining each other. However, from the viewpoint of the combined effect of the stopping force and the strength of the stopping portion, the gentle S-shape shown in Fig. 2 is the best. The convex portion 9a is preferably a curved surface instead of an angle, and is preferably larger in angle than a right angle. This is because the structure can suppress the cracking that starts from the bent corner (corner) due to stress concentration. The inclination angle (θ 1) formed by the inclined portion 9c and the horizontal plane of the brick is less than 30 ° to 90 °, and more preferably, it is 45 ° to 75 °. That is to say, if the angle is too small, the stopping force is insufficient, especially in the inclined stack 11 200303365 stacked perpendicular to the furnace wall surface, the tendency increases. On the other hand, if the angle is too large, the stopper is liable to be broken. In addition, in the present invention, it is preferable that the height of the convex bending stopper 9 is 5 to 20 mm. The reason is that if it is less than 5mm, the fastening of the bricks to each other may cause the brick to fall off due to a small unstable external force. If it exceeds 20 mm, the fastening effect will be saturated and the fastening part will become weak. The cause of suspense. In addition, in the present invention, it is preferable to set the position of the upwardly bent bending stop 9 at a position 1/15 to 1/3 of the total length in the thickness direction from the end of the iron sheet side of the refractory brick. . This is because the position of the tie is less than 1/15 of the full length of the side of the iron side of the refractory brick. In case the brick is broken, the remaining bricks cannot fully protect the iron, and if it exceeds 1/3 When the uranium invasion is deepened or a downward force is applied, it is easy to cause the fall off. In addition, it is more preferable that the total length of the brick is about 1/1/5 to 1/10. In addition, since the bend-locking portion described above is simple in shape, it is easy to form the unevenness corresponding to the bend-locking portion by using a mold frame in advance when manufacturing the brick. In addition, although there is no requirement on the type of the brick, the above-mentioned application of the magnesium oxide and the carbon brick is still preferred. Regarding the inclination angle of the bricklaying 7 (0 2 in FIG. 1), it is sufficient if it has a certain degree of inclination with respect to the level (for example, about 10 degrees), but it is preferably 15 degrees or more, with the brick surface relative to the iron sheet. The situation is best when the face is vertical. This is because the effect of the dispersion on the downward force of the brick 7 is large. (Example) As a tapered surface part of a converter, a brick as shown in FIG. 2 was produced, and a brick 7 was applied to the tapered surface part 4 of a converter 5 in a state perpendicular to the iron sheet (example of implementation of the invention 12 200303365) in this converter. Perform melting of molten steel. In addition, work was performed on a converter constructed from bricks having a generally flat surface (comparative example). The material of these bricks 7 is MgO-C (magnesia and carbon bricks). The so-called "non-burnable" bricks are made by mixing mixed powders of MgO and C into various mold frames and drying them. . In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, the size of the brick of the present invention is a height of 150 mm × length (lining thickness direction) 810 mm × width 7 5 mm, and upper and lower bending stop portions 9 are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides. The upwardly-bent bending stop 9 is located at a position 75 mm away from the end portion on the iron sheet side, and is provided with an inclined step as shown in FIG. 2, and the height of the step is 15 mm. In addition, each part of the brick furnace 5 other than the brick surface part 4 is constructed by ordinary bricks. The inclination angle (0 1: see FIG. 2) of the inclination 9 c of the inclined portion reaching the step is 60 degrees. In addition, as the construction method of the above-mentioned tapered face brick, Comparative Example i is a conventional "horizontal bricklaying" (0 2 = 0 degree), and Comparative Example 2 is an "inclined bricklaying with an inclined angle ((9 2) of 12 degrees") "Brick" is an "inclined bricklaying" in which the obstructing surface is perpendicular to the metal surface in the embodiment of the present invention. Moreover, in conventional flat bricks, it is difficult to exceed the above-mentioned inclination. In addition, from the perpendicular to the metal surface ( (The wall surface of the furnace), and the inclination (0 2: see FIG. 1) of the bricks in the horizontal plane in the case of inclined stacking is about 30 degrees. In addition, in the present invention, an iron sheet (0 3 = 90 degrees) perpendicular to the face of the cone of the brick furnace is used. ((Refer to the figure))) The best effect can be obtained by laying bricks, but it is confirmed that the effect is also possible when the Θ (refer to Fig. 1) is 95 ~ 105 degrees (refer to Η 3) °, and the operation starts from ordinary carbon steel. Most types of steel are melted in various steel types. However, in the comparative example and the present invention, the average and almost the same steel type (composition) is shown. Η 3 shows the life index of the converter cone face (the life of horizontal bricks 13 200303365 is Benchmark) to evaluate the results of operations performed by such converters. It can be seen from FIG. 3 that according to the present invention, the life of the converter cone face can be increased by 2 times compared with the conventional one. This is because in the conventional horizontal brick and inclined brick, the consumption is hindered by cracks and melting loss. Compound, but by laying bricks perpendicular to the iron sheet, the external force applied to the tapered face brick can be dispersed, so that the cause of cracking of the brick can be suppressed. In addition, during the construction of the lining of the brick furnace of the present invention, It is known that the construction will not increase the man-hours of the furnace construction operation. In addition, the cost of the brick is only to make a new mold frame, so the manufacturing cost of the brick will not increase. [Brief Description of the Drawings] · Figure 1 shows the present invention. A cross-sectional view of the overall impression of the converter cone face. Figure 2 is a detailed cross-sectional view showing the converter cone face of the present invention. Figure 3 is a diagram showing the life of a converter cone face provided with the cone face and the conventional cone face of the present invention. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the converter cone face showing the conventional "tiling brick" method. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the converter cone face showing the conventional "tiling brick" method. Figure 6 is a general A cross-sectional view of the structure of a blowing converter. Fig. 7 shows an example of the size and shape of the brick of the present invention, Fig. 7 (a) is a side view, and Fig. 7 (b) is a plan view. (Element symbol description) 1 Furnace port 2 Hearth belly 14 200303365
3 爐底部 4 錐面部 5 轉爐 6 鐵皮 7 耐火磚 8 爐腹部磚 9 上凸彎折繫止部 9a 繫止部 9b 繫止部 9c 傾斜部 Θ 1 傾斜部9 c與磚的水平面形成的傾斜角度 Θ 2 傾斜角度 Θ 3 傾斜角度3 Furnace bottom 4 Conical surface part 5 Converter 6 Iron sheet 7 Refractory bricks 8 Furnace belly bricks 9 Bend and buckle restraint 9a Fastener 9b Fastener 9c Inclined portion θ 1 Inclined portion 9 c Inclined angle with the horizontal plane of the brick Θ 2 tilt angle Θ 3 tilt angle
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