TR201800610A2 - CEMENT BASED LIGHT PRECAST MORTAR WITH EXPANDED PERLITE AGGREGATE - Google Patents
CEMENT BASED LIGHT PRECAST MORTAR WITH EXPANDED PERLITE AGGREGATE Download PDFInfo
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- TR201800610A2 TR201800610A2 TR2018/00610A TR201800610A TR201800610A2 TR 201800610 A2 TR201800610 A2 TR 201800610A2 TR 2018/00610 A TR2018/00610 A TR 2018/00610A TR 201800610 A TR201800610 A TR 201800610A TR 201800610 A2 TR201800610 A2 TR 201800610A2
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- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002808 connective tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011210 fiber-reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008030 superplasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012237 artificial material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002925 chemical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012395 formulation development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011211 glass fiber reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
Bu buluş, içine katılan alkali dayanıklı cam elyaflar, genleştirilmiş perlit agrega malzemeleri, dolgu malzemeleri ve kimyasal polimerler sayesinde betonun içine demir ya da çelik donatı gerektirmeden su emme, çatlama, gerilme, basınç, dönme ve çarpma dirençleri normal betona göre çok daha yüksek olan, kısa sürede prizini alan, dış atmosfer ortam koşullarına son derece dayanıklı, ısı, ses, su ve yangın yalıtımı açısından yüksek direnç ve performans sergileyen, nefes alabilen ve inşaat sektöründe iç ve/veya dış mekân uygulamalarına uygun yapısal özellikler gösteren, üretilecek forma göre önceden hazırlanmış çeşitli kalıplara hazır veya özel hava püskürtme makineleriyle doldurulabilen çimento esaslı hafif prekast harcı formülasyonu ve üretim yöntemi ile ilgili olup; kiremit tozu, genleştirilmiş perlit, yüksek alkali dayanıklı kırpılmış cam elyaf ve vinil asetat-veova-akrilat (polivinil alkol koruyuculu polimer) içeren prekast harcının formülasyonu ve geliştirilen bu formülasyonun üretim yöntemini açıklamaktadır.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides water absorption, cracking, tensile, compressive, rotational and impact resistance to concrete without any iron or steel reinforcement due to the alkali-resistant glass fibers, expanded perlite aggregate materials, fillers and chemical polymers incorporated therein. pre-prepared according to the form to be produced, which takes out quickly in a short time, is highly resistant to outdoor atmospheric conditions, exhibits high resistance and performance in terms of heat, sound, water and fire insulation, is breathable and has structural features suitable for indoor and / or outdoor applications in the construction sector. It is related to the formulation and production method of cement based lightweight precast mortar which can be ready for various molds or can be filled with special air spraying machines; discloses the formulation of the precast mortar containing tile powder, expanded perlite, high alkali resistant cropped glass fiber and vinyl acetate-veova-acrylate (polyvinyl alcohol protecting polymer) and the method of manufacture of the improved formulation.
Description
TARIFNAME GENLESMIS PERLIT AGREGALI ÇIMENTO ESASLI HAFIF PREKAST HARCI Teknik Alan Bu bulus, içine katilan alkali dayanikli cam elyaflar, genlestirilmis perlit agrega malzemeleri, dolgu malzemeleri ve kimyasal polimerler sayesinde betonun içine demir ya da çelik donati gerektirmeden su emme, çatlama, gerilme, basinç, dönme ve çarpma dirençleri normal betona göre çok daha yüksek olan, kisa sürede prizini alan, dis atmosfer ortam kosullarina son derece dayanikli, isi, ses, su ve yangin yalitimi açisindan yüksek direnç ve performans sergileyen, nefes alabilen ve insaat sektöründe iç ve/veya dis mekân uygulamalarina uygun yapisal özellikler gösteren, üretilecek forma göre önceden hazirlanmis çesitli kaliplara hazir veya özel hava püskürtme makineleriyle doldurulabilen çimento esasli hafif prekast harci formülasyonu ve üretim yöntemi ile ilgilidir. Bulus konusu prekast harcinin gelistirilen formülasyonu kiremit tozu, genlestirilmis perlit, yüksek alkali dayanikli kirpilmis cam elyaf ve vinil asetat-veova-akrilat (polivinil alkol koruyuculu polimer) içermektedir. DESCRIPTION GENLESMIS PERLITE AGGREGATE CEMENT BASED LIGHT PRECAST MORTAR Technical Area This invention includes alkali resistant glass fibers, expanded perlite aggregate materials, filler materials and chemical polymers, without the need for iron or steel reinforcement into the concrete. Water absorption, cracking, tension, pressure, rotation and impact resistance are much higher than normal concrete. It is highly resistant to external atmospheric conditions, takes its cure in a short time, and is resistant to heat, sound, water and In the construction industry, it is breathable and exhibits high resistance and performance in terms of fire insulation. According to the form to be produced, showing structural features suitable for indoor and/or outdoor applications which can be prepared in various pre-made molds or filled with special air blasting machines. It is about the cement-based lightweight precast mortar formulation and production method. The subject of the invention is precast The developed formulation of the mortar is tile powder, expanded perlite, high alkali resistant shredded glass fiber and vinyl acetate-veova-acrylate (polyvinyl alcohol preservative polymer).
Bilinen Teknik Teknigin bilinen durumunda, insaat endüstrisinde cam elyaf donatili beton ve ürünleri yapisal dis cephe tasarimi ve üretiminde kullanilan özel tasarlanmis geometrik formlara sahip beton elemani ürün türleri bulunmaktadir. Prekast dis cephe adiyla tanimlanan ve 1970'li yillardan beri dünyada yapi uygulamalarinda kullanilagelen lif takviyeli betonlar, 1980'li yillardan beri de Türkiye'de kullanilmaya baslanmistir. Çimento, agrega ve su içeren hidrolik bir baglayici ürüne beton denilmekte olup, hazirlanmis bir betona düzensiz lif yapili dogal ve yapay malzemelerin eklenmesi ile elde edilen beton türüne ise lif takviyeli beton adi verilmektedir. Günümüzde bu beton türevi ile elde edilen prekast yapi elemanlari, bilesimindeki agrega malzemelerin birim agirliklarinin yüksek olusu (1900- 2400 kg/mg) sebebiyle, uygulandigi binanin gerek ölü agirliginin artmasina ve gerekse uygulama satihlarinda önemli birer isi köprüsü olusumlarina sebep olmaktadir. Bununla birlikte agirlik ölçüsü baglaminda, baglanti ve montaj islevlerindeki zorluklar da kaçinilmaz olmaktadir. Sektörel uygulamalarda yapisal bilesimleri sebebiyle özellikle dis atmosfer ortam kosullarinda hizla deforme olabilen prekast ürünlerinde yer aldigi siklikla görülmektedir. Dis cephe prekast uygulamalar, binalarin dis görselligi ve mimari tanzimini olumlu kilsa da malzeme yapilari açisindan teknik olarak irdelendiginde günümüz kosullarinda dis cephe uygulamalarda kullanilacak malzemelerde aranan bazi teknik özellikleri yeterince saglanamadigi da görülebilmektedir. Bu baglamda, özellikle birim agirligi düsük, binaya önemli ölçeklerde yük bindirmeyen, günesin UV isinlarindan etkilenmeyen, atmosfer ortam kosullarinda asit, baz ve tuz ortamlarinda çözünmeye ugrayan bilesime sahip, uygulandigi bölgede öngörülen isisal ve akustik konfor sartlarina yüksek katma deger saglayan ve nefes alabilir özellikler tasimasi son derece önem arz etmektedir. Known Technique In the state of the art, glass fiber reinforced concrete and its products in the construction industry concrete element with specially designed geometric forms used in facade design and production There are product types. It is known as precast exterior facade and has been around the world since the 1970s. Fiber reinforced concrete, which is used in construction applications, has been in Turkey since the 1980s. has been put into use. A hydraulic binder product containing cement, aggregate and water is called concrete. It is obtained by adding natural and artificial materials with irregular fiber structure to a prepared concrete. concrete type is called fiber reinforced concrete. Today, this concrete derivative obtained with precast construction elements, high unit weights of aggregate materials in its composition (1900- 2400 kg/mg), both the dead weight of the building it is applied to increase and the application It causes important heat bridge formations on its surfaces. However, the weight measure In this context, difficulties in connection and assembly functions are also inevitable. sectoral In applications, due to their structural composition, they are rapidly deformed, especially in external atmosphere conditions. It is frequently seen that it is included in precast products that can be Exterior precast applications, Although it makes the exterior visuality and architectural arrangement of the buildings positive, it is technically in terms of material structures. When examined, in today's conditions, the materials to be used in exterior applications are sought after. It can also be seen that some technical features are not adequately provided. In this context, especially the unit It has a low weight, does not impose a significant load on the building, is not affected by the UV rays of the sun, It has a composition that is subject to dissolution in acid, base and salt environments under atmospheric ambient conditions, providing high added value to the thermal and acoustic comfort conditions foreseen in the region where it is applied and It is extremely important to carry breathable features.
Bu sorunlari bertaraf etmek amaci ile, birim agirligi düsük dis cephe prekast elemanlarinin elde edilmesinde genlestirilmis perlit agrega malzemelerin kullanimina basvurulmustur. Ancak, uygulamalarda kullanilacak prekast üründe hafifligin saglanmasi son derece önem arz etmekte olup, ürünün hafifligi ürünün elde edilmesinde hazirlanan harcin birim agirlik degerinin düsük (hafif) olmasiyla dogrudan ilgilidir. Bu baglamda, yüksek sicaklik degerlerinde (850°C ve üzeri) genlestirilme islemine tabi tutulmus dogal perlit malzemelerin genlesmesi ile elde edilen gözenekliligi yüksek, birim agirligi son derece düsük malzemeler, hafif prekast harç kombinasyonlarinin elde edilmesi için önemli bir materyal olmaktadir. Genlestirilmis perlit agrega malzemeler, farkli tane boyutlarinda siniflandirildiklarinda içerisinde kullanildiklari harcin matris yapisinda hem gözenek Olusturucu hem de inorganik hafif dolgu elemani olarak rol oynarlar. Bu malzemelerin yüksek gözeneklilikleri sebebiyle, isi, ses, yüksek sicakliga dayanim ve nefes alabilirlik performansi yüksek prekast ürünlerin üretilebilmesine de imkân saglamaktadir. Ayrica genlestirilmis perlit agrega bilesenli harç kombinasyonlarin uygun özelliklerdeki kimyasal katkilar ile olusturulan formlari, binalarda uygulama yerlerinde ihtiyaç duyulabilen çogu performans kriterlerini de kolaylikla saglayabilmektedir. In order to eliminate these problems, it is necessary to obtain exterior precast elements with low unit weight. The use of expanded perlite aggregate materials has been applied for However, It is extremely important to provide lightness in the precast product to be used in applications, lightness of the product Low unit weight value of the mortar prepared in the production of the product (light) directly related to it. In this context, expansion at high temperature values (850°C and above) High porosity obtained by the expansion of natural perlite materials subjected to the process, unit Extremely low weight materials are important for obtaining lightweight precast mortar combinations. becomes a material. Expanded perlite aggregate materials, in different grain sizes When classified, they are used in the matrix structure of the mortar in which they are used as both a pore Builder and They also act as inorganic light fillers. The high porosity of these materials Precast products with high heat, sound, high temperature resistance and breathability performance It also enables production. In addition, expanded perlite aggregate component mortar forms of combinations created with chemical additives with suitable properties, application in buildings It can easily meet most of the performance criteria that may be needed in their places.
Teknigin bilinen durumunda TR20080214O numarali ”Genlestirilmis perlit ile dogal pomza maddesinin karistirilmasiyla elde edilen isi ve ses yalitim sivasi ve sap agregasi” baslikli bulus, binalarin iç ve dis yüzeylerini sivamak amaciyla hazirlanmis, yapisinda genlestirilmis perlit ve pomzanin esit oranda karistirilarak elde edilen sap agregasi, çimento ve suyun karistirilmasiyla elde edilen isi ve ses yalitim sivasini açiklamaktadir. In the state of the art, "Expanded perlite and natural pumice material with number TR20080214O" The invention titled “heat and sound insulation plaster and sap aggregate” obtained by mixing the interior and exterior of buildings prepared for plastering the surfaces, expanded in its structure, perlite and pumice in equal proportions. Heat and sound insulation obtained by mixing straw aggregate, cement and water obtained by mixing explains the plaster.
Bulus sahibi, bilinen teknikteki genlesmis perlit agregali çimento esasli hafif prekast harçlarda harcin yapismasinda ve bag doku özelliklerinde sorunlarla karsilasmistir. Bu sorunun üstesinden gelmek için su direnci yüksek olan malzemeler ile yaptigi çalismalarda su itme özelligi yüksek olan bilinen teknikteki malzemelerin su izolasyonunu olumlu etkilerken, harcin çalisilabilirligini de olumsuz etkiledigini bulmustur. Varolan bu problemler prekast harçlarindaki teknik özelliklerin gelistirilmesi ve formülasyon gelistirme ve üretim yöntemi asamalarinda bulus sahibini tesvik etmistir.The inventor, in the state of the art, expanded perlite aggregate cement-based light precast mortars. encountered problems in adhesion and connective tissue properties. To overcome this problem Known for its high water repellent properties in its work with materials with high water resistance. While it positively affects the waterproofing of the materials in the technique, it also negatively affects the workability of the mortar. found it affected. These existing problems are caused by the development of technical properties in precast mortars and encouraged the inventor in the formulation development and production method stages.
Bulusun Açiklamasi Bulusun amaci, içine katilan alkali dayanikli cam elyaflar, genlestirilmis perlit agrega malzemeleri, dolgu malzemeleri ve kimyasal polimerler sayesinde betonun içine demir ya da çelik donati gerektirmeden su emme, çatlama, gerilme, basinç, dönme ve çarpma direçleri normal betona göre çok daha yüksek olan, kisa sürede prizini alan, dis atmosfer ortam kosullarina son derece dayanikli, isi, ses, su ve yangin yalitimi açisindan yüksek direnç ve performans sergileyen, nefes alabilen ve insaat sektöründe iç ve/veya dis mekan uygulamalarina uygun yapisal özellikler gösteren, üretilecek forma göre önceden hazirlanmis çesitli kaliplara hazir veya özel hava püskürtme makineleriyle doldurulabilen çimento esasli hafif prekast harci elde edilmesidir. Description of the Invention The aim of the invention is to add alkali resistant glass fibers, expanded perlite aggregate materials, iron or steel reinforcement into the concrete thanks to filling materials and chemical polymers without the need for water absorption, cracking, tension, pressure, rotation and impact resistance compared to normal concrete. much higher, sets in a short time, is extremely resistant to external atmospheric conditions, It exhibits high resistance and performance in terms of heat, sound, water and fire insulation, breathable and To be produced, showing structural properties suitable for indoor and/or outdoor applications in the construction industry. Various pre-made molds ready according to the form or with special air blasting machines It is to obtain a cement-based light precast mortar that can be filled.
Bulusun bir diger amaci, uygulama zamani uzatilmis bir prekast harci gelistirmek olup, ayni zamanda karisimlarda kullanilan su miktarini azaltarak ürünün nihai mukavemet degerlerinin yükseltilmesini saglamaktir. Bununla birlikte harcin çalisilabilirlik özelligini arttirmak ve su direnci yüksek bir harç gelistirmektir. Another object of the invention is to develop a precast mortar with an extended application time, while at the same time Increasing the final strength values of the product by reducing the amount of water used in the mixtures. is to provide. However, to increase the workability of the mortar and to produce a mortar with high water resistance. is to develop.
Insaat sektöründe binalarin özellikle dis cephe ortamlarinda farkli geometrik tasarimlara sahip prekast ürünler seklinde uygulanacak panel, plaka ve/veya levha ürünlerin üretiminde kolaylikla kullanilabilecek bu bulus ürünü, yukarida bahsedilen dezavantajlari ortadan kaldiran ve enerji verimliligi yüksek bina uygulamalarina olanak saglamaktadir. Bulus, isçilikten, zamandan, malzemeden, insaat tekniklerinden, enerji tüketiminden önemli ölçütlerde tasarruf saglamaktadir.In the construction sector, buildings have different geometric designs, especially in exterior environments. It can be easily used in the production of panel, plate and/or plate products to be applied in the form of precast products. This invention product, which can be used, eliminates the disadvantages mentioned above and is energy efficient. It enables high-efficiency building applications. Invention, workmanship, time, It provides significant savings from materials, construction techniques and energy consumption.
Bulusun Detayli Anlatimi Bulus konusu, insaat sektöründe iç ve/veya dis mekan uygulamalarina uygun yapisal özellikler gösteren prekast harcinin gelistirilen formülasyonu kiremit tozu, genlestirilmis perlit, yüksek alkali dayanikli kirpilmis cam elyaf ve vinil asetat-veova-akrilat (polivinil alkol koruyuculu polimer) içermektedir. Detailed Description of the Invention The subject of the invention is the structural properties suitable for indoor and/or outdoor applications in the construction industry. Developed formulation of precast mortar showing tile powder, expanded perlite, high alkali durable shredded glass fiber and vinyl acetate-veova-acrylate (polyvinyl alcohol preservative polymer) contains.
Gelistirilen prekast harci formülasyonlarinda kullanilan kiremit tozu, tamami iyi pisirilmis kiremit artiklarindan kirma ve eleme islemiyle elde edilen spesifik boyut araliginda siniflandirilmis agregalardan olusturulmaktadir. Kiremit tozunun bünyesinde kömür tozu, toprak ve tas bileseni gibi yabanci maddeler bulunmaktadir. Bulusun önemli bir noktasi iri kiremit tozu ve ince kiremit tozu olmak üzere iki farkli parçacik boyutuna sahip kiremit tozunun formülasyona katilmasidir. Iri kiremit tozunun 1-2mm boyut araliginda kullanilirken, ince kiremit tozu 500mikr0n-1mm boyut araliginda kullanilmaktadir. Iki farkli boyut` araligindaki kullanilan kiremit tozu ile gelistirilen formülasyonlarda malzemelerin karakteristik yapisi ve parçacik boyutu sayesinde elde edilecek hafif prekast harcin dis ortam hava kosullarina karsi dayanimi ve esnek bir özellik kazandirilmasi saglanmistir. The tile powder used in the developed precast mortar formulations is completely well-fired tile. classified in the specific size range obtained by crushing and screening from the residues made of aggregates. In the tile dust, such as coal dust, soil and stone component There are foreign substances. An important aspect of the invention is coarse tile dust and fine tile dust. It is the addition of tile powder with two different particle sizes, namely, to the formulation. big tile fine tile powder is used in the size range of 1-2mm, while fine tile powder is used in the size range of 500micr0n-1mm. is used. In formulations developed with tile powder used in two different size ranges The light precast mortar to be obtained thanks to the characteristic structure and particle size of the materials It has been ensured that it is resistant to ambient weather conditions and gains a flexible feature.
Gelistirilen prekast harci formülasyonlarinda kullanilan genlestirilmis perlit, 500mikron-3mm boyutunda siniflandirilmis ve yüksek sicaklikta genlestirilme islemine tabi tutulmus bir malzemedir.Expanded perlite used in the developed precast mortar formulations, 500micron-3mm It is a material classified in size and subjected to high temperature expansion process.
Genlestirme islemi sonrasi hafif prekast harç üretimi için uygun olan genlestirilmis perlit malzemenin yogunlugu ortalama 60-180kg/m3 araliginda degisim göstermektedir. Bu malzemenin birim hacim kütle degerinin düsük olusu sebebiyle elde edilecek prekast harcin hafifliginin saglanmasi, isi, ses ve yangin yalitim özelliginin kazandirilmasinda temel ögelerden birisi olup, ayni zamanda ürünün nefes alabilirlik (buhar difüzyonu kabiliyetinin olusmasi) özelliginin saglanmasinda en etken ögelerdendir. Expanded perlite material suitable for the production of light precast mortar after the expansion process its density varies between 60-180kg/m3 on average. unit volume of this material Ensuring the lightness of the precast mortar to be obtained due to its low mass value, heat, sound and It is one of the basic elements in gaining the fire insulation feature, and at the same time, the product is breathable. It is one of the most effective elements in providing permeability (the formation of vapor diffusion capability).
Genlesmis perlit agregali çimento esasli hafif prekast harcin tasarima uygunluk, hafiflik ve kolay sekillendirilebilme özelliklerinin saglanmasi, harcin basinç, egilme, darbe ve çekme dayanimini arttirici etki saglamasi, sarmal ve örgü bag yapisi olusturmasi, çatlak kontrolünün saglanmasi ve uzun ömürlü performans sergilemesi amaciyla kimyasallara ve yüksek sicakliga dayanikli yüksek alkali dayanikli kirpilmis cam elyaf kullanilmaktadir. Bu cam elyaf takviye zaman içinde beton içerisindeki alkali elementler ile reaksiyona girmeyerek bu sayede, prekast harçtan mamul beton panel ürünlerinde, ayirma panellerinde, dis cephe elemanlarinda, kablo kutularinda, drenaj kanallarinda ve güzel sanatlar amaçli beton türevi eserlerin yapimi gibi çok farkli uygulamalarda kullanilma olanagi saglamaktadir. Cement-based light precast mortar with expanded perlite aggregate is suitable for design, lightness and ease of use. Providing the formability properties, compressive, bending, impact and tensile strength of the mortar. increasing effect, forming spiral and knitted bond structure, providing crack control and long Highly alkaline resistant to chemicals and high temperatures for long-lasting performance durable shredded glass fiber is used. This glass fiber reinforcement is used in concrete over time. By not reacting with alkali elements, thus, the concrete panel made of precast mortar is formed. products, partition panels, exterior elements, cable boxes, drainage channels and Possibility to be used in very different applications such as the production of concrete derivative works for fine arts it provides.
Genlesmis perlit agregali çimento esasli hafif prekast harcin yapisma ve bag doku Özelligini iyilestirmek amaciyla çimento esasli karisimlarla uyumlu olarak kullanilabilen ”toz polimer katki” bulunmaktadir. Bulus konusu gelistirilen formülasyonlarda kullanilan toz polimer katki, vinil asetat- veova-akrilat (polivinil alkol koruyuculu bir toz polimer)tir. Polimerin en önemli özelligi; düsük film olusturma sicakliginda kullanilabilir olmasi ve hidrolik baglayici içeren modifiye karisimlarda kullanilabilir olmasidir. Harcin uygulama zamaninin uzatilmasinda etkilidir ve karisimlardaki kullanilan su miktarini azaltarak ürünün nihai mukavemet degerlerinin yükseltilmesine yardimci olur. Bununla birlikte, harcin çalisabilirlik özelligini artirarak ve su direncini yükselterek bilinen teknikteki sorunlar asilmistir. Ayni zamanda, harca kazandirmis oldugu yüksek su itme özelligi nedeniyle su izolasyon özelligi de kazandirir.Adhesion and connective tissue properties of cement-based light precast mortar with expanded perlite aggregate. "Powder polymer additive" that can be used in harmony with cement-based mixtures to improve are available. The powder polymer additive used in the formulations subject to the invention is vinyl acetate- veova-acrylate (a powder polymer with polyvinyl alcohol preservative). The most important feature of the polymer; low movie It can be used at forming temperature and in modified mixtures containing hydraulic binder. that it is usable. It is effective in extending the application time of the mortar and used in the mixtures. It helps to increase the final strength values of the product by reducing the amount of water. With this However, problems in the known art by increasing the workability of the mortar and increasing the water resistance is noble. At the same time, due to its high water repellent feature, it provides waterproofing properties. also adds feature.
Gelistirilen prekast harcinin bir diger özelligi, en az bir dolgu maddesi içermesidir. Bahsedilen dolgu maddesi bilinen teknikte insaat sektöründe kullanilan dolgu malzemelerinden seçilebilmektedir.Another feature of the developed precast mortar is that it contains at least one filler. The mentioned filling material can be selected from the filling materials used in the construction industry in the known art.
Bulus konusu prekast harci için dolgu maddesi olarak tercihen ince ham perlit ve/veya mikronize dolomit kullanilmaktadir. Fine raw perlite and/or micronized preferably fine raw perlite and/or micronized fillers are used as fillers for the precast mortar which is the subject of the invention. dolomite is used.
Prekast harçlarda, 125 mikron ile 500 mikron boyut araliginda siniflandirilmis, dogal perlit kayacinin kirilip ögütülmesi ile elde edilmis dogal orijinli ince ham perlit agrega kullanilmaktadir. Dogal perlit kayaci petrografik dokusuna göre dogada genellikle taneli perlit, pomzali perlit, devitifiye perlit, lifli perlit ve penokristalli perlit gibi çesitleri ile bulunmaktadir. Bu bulus kapsaminda kullanilan perlit, bu dogal olusum çesitlerinden tercihen "lifli perlit” türünden elde edilmistir. Ince ham perlit, bu bulus için önemli bir bilesen olup, çimento esasli hafif prekast harcin matris yapisinda dayanim artirici bir dolgu materyali olarak yer almaktadir. Ince ham perlit, düsük su emmesi sayesinde, hafif prekast harcin su emme kabiliyetini de düsüren bir etki saglamaktadir. In precast mortars, natural perlite rock, classified in the size range of 125 microns and 500 microns, Natural origin fine raw perlite aggregate obtained by crushing and grinding is used. natural perlite According to the petrographic texture of the rock, generally granular perlite, pumice perlite, devitified perlite, fibrous There are varieties such as perlite and penocrystalline perlite. The perlite used in this invention is It is preferably obtained from the naturally occurring type "fibrous perlite". Fine raw perlite is produced by this invention. is an important component for It is included as filling material. Fine raw perlite, light precast, thanks to low water absorption It also provides an effect that reduces the water absorption ability of the mortar.
Bulus konusu harçlarda kullanilan bir diger dolgu maddesi, en büyük tane boyutu 5 mikron olarak siniflandirilmis mikronize dolomittir. Mikronize dolomit, bilesiminde kalsiyum ve magnezyum karbonat ihtiva eden dogal bir mineral kayacindan kirma, eleme ve ögütme islemiyle elde edilmistir.Another filler used in the mortars of the invention is the largest particle size of 5 microns. It is classified micronized dolomite. Micronized dolomite, calcium and magnesium in its composition It is obtained by crushing, screening and grinding processes from a natural mineral rock containing carbonate.
Kimyasal bilesimi: CaMg(COg)2'dir. Mikronize dolomit, bu bulus kapsaminda hafif prekast harç karisiminda dolgu malzemesi olarak kullanilmakta olup, bilesimde yer alan magnezyum içerigi sebebiyle sertlesmis harcin yüksek sicaklik ortamina karsi direncini de iyilestiren bir malzemedir.Its chemical composition is CaMg(COg)2. Micronized dolomite is a lightweight precast mortar within the scope of this invention. It is used as a filling material in the mixture, and the magnesium content in the composition It is a material that also improves the resistance of hardened mortar against high temperature environment.
Harcin sertlesmesi sonrasi dayanimi ve matris yapinin kimyasal örtüsmesini de dengeleyen bir katki bilesenidir. An additive that balances the strength after the mortar has hardened and the chemical overlap of the matrix structure. is the component.
Bulus konusu hafif prekast harcin baska bir özelligi yapisinda en az bir bag yapici malzeme bulunmasidir. Bahsedilen bag yapici malzeme bilinen teknikte insaat sektöründe kullanilan bag yapici malzemelerinden seçilebilmektedir. Bulus konusu prekast harci için bag yapici malzeme olarak tercihen portland çimentosu kullanilmaktadir. Another feature of the light precast mortar which is the subject of the invention is at least one bonding material in its structure. is to be found. The mentioned bonding material is the bonding agent used in the construction industry in the known technique. materials can be selected. As a bonding material for the precast mortar which is the subject of the invention. preferably portland cement is used.
Bulus konusu hafif prekast harcin baska bir özelligi yapisinda en az bir pH dengeleyici ajan bulunmasidir. Bahsedilen pH dengeleyici ajan bilinen teknikte insaat sektöründe kullanilan pH dengeleyici malzemelerinden seçilebilmektedir. Bulus konusu prekast harci için pH dengeleyici ajan olarak tercihen sönmüs toz kireç kullanilmaktadir. Another feature of the light precast mortar which is the subject of the invention is at least one pH balancing agent in its structure. is to be found. Said pH stabilizing agent is the pH used in the construction industry in the known art. can be selected from the stabilizing materials. pH stabilizing agent for the precast mortar of the invention Preferably, slaked powdered lime is used.
Hafif prekast harci üretimi için idealize olabilecek sönmüs toz kireç, minimum %84 Ca(OH)2 içerigine sahip, 70 mikron ile 250 mikron tane boyut araligindaki incelik modülü maksimum %3-10 araliginda olan, kizdirma kaybi maksimum %8'i geçmeyen ve bünyesinde 503 içerigi maksimum %1 olan toz formunda sönmüs kireç kullanilabilmektedir. CL 90 sönmüs toz kireç de, bu bulus kapsaminda elde edilen harcin pH dengeleyicisi olarak görev yapmaktadir. Slaked powdered lime, which can be idealized for the production of light precast mortar, has a minimum Ca(OH)2 content of 84%. fineness modulus in the grain size range of 70 microns to 250 microns, with a maximum range of 3-10% powder with a maximum ignition loss not exceeding 8% and a content of 503 maximum 1% in the form of slaked lime can be used. CL 90 hydrated powdered lime is also obtained within the scope of this invention. It acts as a pH balancer of the mortar.
Bulus konusu hafif prekast harcin baska bir özelligi yapisinda en az bir akiskanlastirici malzeme bulunmasidir. Bahsedilen akiskanlastirici malzeme bilinen teknikte insaat sektöründe kullanilan akiskanlastirici malzemelerinden seçilebilmektedir. Bulus konusu prekast harci için akiskanlastirici malzeme olarak tercihen melamin malzeme kullanilmaktadir. Another feature of the light precast mortar which is the subject of the invention is at least one plasticizer material in its structure. is to be found. Said plasticizer material is used in the construction industry in the known art. can be selected from the plasticizer materials. Plasticizer for precast mortar which is the subject of the invention Melamine material is preferably used as the material.
Genlesmis perlit agregali çimento esasli hafif prekast harcin taze ve/veya sertlesmis hâldeki özelliklerini gelistirmek, yüksek performansli prekast eleman üretimlerine olanak saglamak için karistirma islemi sirasinda harca, çimento kütlesinin %1,5'ini geçmemek üzere yüksek oranda su azaltici süper akiskanlastirici malzeme ilave edilmektedir. Çimento esasli malzemelerde karisim suyunu azaltan ve yüksek akiskanlik özelligi kazandiran, düsük sicakliklarda bile kullanima uygun, toz formunda melamin malzeme bir süper akiskanlastiricidir. Hafif prekast harç bilesiminde kivami degistirmeden su miktarinin yüksek oranda azalmasini saglayan veya su miktari degismeden çökmeyi/yayilmayi artiran veya her iki etkiyi birlikte olusturan bir kimyasal etki saglar. Cement-based light precast mortar with expanded perlite aggregate in fresh and/or hardened state. to improve the properties and to enable the production of high-performance precast elements. During the mixing process, a high proportion of water is added to the mortar, not exceeding 1.5% of the cement mass. reducing super plasticizer material is added. Mixture in cement based materials powder, which reduces water and provides high fluidity, is suitable for use even at low temperatures. In its form, melamine material is a super plasticizer. Consistency in light precast mortar composition without changing the amount of water, or without changing the amount of water It provides a chemical effect that increases precipitation/spreading or creates both effects together.
Bulus konusu hafif prekast harcin baska bir özelligi yapisinda genlestirilmis toz perlit bulunmasidir. Bu malzemenin birim hacim kütle degerinin düsük olusu sebebiyle elde edilecek prekast harcin hafifliginin saglanmasi, isi, ses ve yangin yalitim özelliginin kazandirilmasinda temel ögelerden birisi olup, ayni zamanda ürünün nefes alabilirlik (buhar difüzyonu kabiliyetinin olusmasi) özelliginin saglanmasinda en etken ögelerdendir. Genlestirilmis toz perlit malzeme, parçacik boyutu 500 mikron altinda siniflandirilmis ve yüksek sicaklikta genlestirme islemine tabi tutulmustur. Another feature of the light precast mortar that is the subject of the invention is the presence of expanded powder perlite in its structure. This The precast mortar to be obtained due to the low unit volume mass value of the material It is one of the basic elements in providing lightness and gaining heat, sound and fire insulation properties. and at the same time, the breathability (occurrence of vapor diffusion ability) feature of the product It is one of the most effective elements in providing Expanded powder perlite material, particle size 500 micron classified under and subjected to high temperature expansion process.
Bulus konusu hafif prekast harcin baska bir özelligi yapisinda en az bir su itici kimyasal malzeme bulunmasidir. Bahsedilen su itici kimyasal malzeme bilinen teknikte insaat sektöründe kullanilan su itici kimyasal malzemelerinden seçilebilmektedir. Bulus konusu prekast harci için su itici kimyasal malzeme olarak tercihen silan ve/veya silikon malzemelerden kullanilmaktadir. Su itici kimyasal malzeme, hafif prekast harcin sertlesmesi sonrasi su itici bir özellik kazandirmak amaciyla çimento esasli karisimlarla uyumlu toz ve/veya sivi formda kullanilabilmektedir. Another feature of the light precast mortar, which is the subject of the invention, is at least one water-repellent chemical material in its structure. is to be found. The water-repellent chemical material mentioned is water-repellent used in the construction industry in the known technique. can be selected from the propellant chemical materials. Water repellent chemical for the precast mortar which is the subject of the invention Silane and/or silicone materials are preferably used as material. water repellent chemical The material is cemented to give a water-repellent property after the light precast mortar has hardened. It can be used in powder and/or liquid form compatible with based mixtures.
Bulus konusu hafif prekast harcinin baska bir özelligi; kiremit tozu, genlestirilmis perlit, yüksek alkali dayanikli kirpilmis cam elyaf, vinil asetat-veova-akrilat (polivinil alkol koruyuculu polimer), portland çimentosu, mikronize dolomit, genlestirilmis toz perlit, sönmüs toz kireç, akiskanlastirici malzeme, su itici kimyasal malzeme içermesidir.Another feature of the light precast mortar, which is the subject of the invention; tile powder, expanded perlite, high alkali durable shredded glass fiber, vinyl acetate-veova-acrylate (polyvinyl alcohol preservative polymer), portland cement, micronized dolomite, expanded powder perlite, slaked powder lime, plasticizer material, water It contains repellent chemical material.
Bulus konusu hafif prekast harcinin gelistirilen yeni formülasyonundaki bilesenler agirlikça %17-29 oraninda kiremit tozu, agirlikça %7-15 oraninda genlestirilmis perlit, agirlikça %0.5-3 oraninda yüksek alkali dayanikli kirpilmis cam elyaf, agirlikça %0.2-1 oraninda vinil asetat-veova-akrilat polimeri, agirlikça %28-40 oraninda portland çimentosu, agirlikça %4-10 oraninda mikronize dolomit, agirlikça 1.5 oraninda akiskanlastirici malzeme, agirlikça %0.2-1.4 oraninda su itici kimyasal malzeme içermektedir. Bulusun bir diger özelligi; iri kiremit tozunun gelistirilen formülasyonda agirlikça oraninin %9-%15 araliginda, ince kiremit tozunun formülasyonda agirlikça oraninin %8-%14 araliginda olmasidir. The components in the new formulation of the light precast mortar that is the subject of the invention are 17-29% by weight. tile dust at a rate of 7-15% by weight, expanded perlite at a rate of 0.5-3% by weight, high alkali resistant shredded glass fiber, 0.2-1% by weight vinyl acetate-veova-acrylate polymer, 28-40% by weight of portland cement, 4-10% by weight of micronized dolomite, by weight 1.5% plasticizer material, 0.2-1.4% by weight water-repellent chemical material contains. Another feature of the invention; weight of coarse tile powder in the developed formulation between 9% and 15%, between 8% and 14% by weight of fine tile powder in the formulation. is that.
Bulus konusu hafif prekast harcin baska bir özelligi yapisinda en az bir renkli toz boya ve/veya renk pigmenti bulunmasidir. Bilinen teknikte varolan boya ve/veya renk pigmentleri bulus konusu formulasyonlarda kullanilabilmektedir. Harca renk vermek amaciyla istege bagli olarak kullanilabilir. Another feature of the light precast mortar subject to the invention is at least one colored powder coating and/or color in its structure. the presence of pigment. Paint and/or color pigments existing in the prior art are the subject of the invention. can be used in formulations. It can be used optionally to give color to the mortar.
Bulusun bir örneklendirilmesinde hazirlanan genlesmis perlit agregali çimento esasli hafif prekast harci için Tablo 1'de harcin içerigindeki malzemeler ve agirlikça oranlari verilmektedir. Cement based lightweight precast with expanded perlite aggregate prepared in an illustration of the invention For the mortar, the materials and weight ratios of the mortar are given in Table 1.
IÇERIK AGIRLIKÇA KULLANILABILIR ORAN Iri kiremit tozu %9-%15 Ince kiremit tozu %8-%14 Ince ham perlit %7-%13 Portland çimentosu Mikronize dolomit %4-%10 Genlestirilmis perlit %7-%15 Genlestirlmis toz perlit %4-%10 CL9O Sönmüs Toz Kireç Yüksek alkali dayanikli kirpilmis cam elyaf Akiskanlastirici malzeme Toz polimer katki Su itici kimyasal malzeme Renkli toz boya ve/veya Renk pigmenti Bulus konusu gelistirilen prekast harcini, hazirlamak için üretim yönteminde genel olarak karistirma, tartimlama, kaliplama ve dolum islem adimlari kullanilmaktadir. Bulus konusu hafif prekast harcinin üretim yönteminin proses adimlarini; bir birinci karisimi olusturmak için iri kiremit tozu, ince kiremit tozu, ince ham perlit, mikronize dolomit ve sönmüs toz kireç malzemelerinin arasindan seçilen en az iki malzemenin karistirici hazne içerisinde karistirilmasi; bir ikinci karisimi olusturmak için portland çimentosu, yüksek alkali dayanikli kirpilmis cam elyaf malzemelerinin arasindan seçilen en az iki malzemenin baska bir karistirici hazne içerisinde karistirilmasi; bir üçüncü karisimi olusturmak için akiskanlastirici malzeme, vinil asetat veove-akrilat polimeri, su itici kimyasal malzeme ve renkli toz boya malzemelerinin arasindan seçilen en az iki malzemenin baska bir karistirici hazne içerisine karistirilmasi; olusturulan üç karisimin nihai karisimi olusturmak üzere karistirici haznede birlikte karistirilmasi; genlestirilmis perlit ve/veya genlestirilmis toz perlit malzemelerinin tartilarak nihai karisima ilave edilmesi; tercihen karisima su beslenmesi; karisiminin kaliplara doldurulmasi islemleri olusturmaktadir. Bulusun sanayiye uygulanmasi asamasinda detayli anlatimi asagida verilmektedir. USABLE RATIO BY WEIGHT OF CONTENT Coarse tile dust 9%-15% Fine tile powder 8%-14% Fine raw perlite 7%-13% Portland cement Micronized dolomite 4%-10% Expanded perlite 7%-15% Expanded powder perlite 4%-10% CL9O Slaked Powder Lime High alkali resistant shredded glass fiber plasticizer material Powder polymer additive water repellent chemical material Color powder coating and/or Color pigment General mixing in the production method to prepare the precast mortar, which is the subject of the invention, Weighing, molding and filling process steps are used. The subject of the invention is light precast mortar. process steps of the production method; coarse tile powder, fine tile to form a first mix powder, fine raw perlite, micronized dolomite and slaked lime mixing the two materials in the mixing bowl; portland to create a second mix cement is composed of at least two selected glass fiber materials with high alkali resistance. mixing the material in another mixing bowl; to form a third mix plasticizer material, vinyl acetate andove-acrylate polymer, water-repellent chemical material and colored powder Putting at least two materials selected from among the paint materials into another mixing bowl. mixing; The three mixtures formed together in the mixing chamber to form the final mixture. mixing; Expanded perlite and/or expanded powder perlite materials are weighed and the final adding to the mixture; preferably mixed water feeding; Processes of filling the mixture into molds forms. The detailed explanation of the invention in the application phase of the industry is given below.
Yukarida bahsedilen örnekteki perlit agregali çimento esasli hafif prekast harci üretimi için tarifnamede tanimlanan teknik özellikleri ve boyut dagilimlarina uygun olarak kullanima hazir formda olan bes ayri karisim bileseni zenginlestirilmis iri kiremit tozu, ince kiremit tozu, ince ham perlit, mikronize dolomit ve CL 90 sönmüs toz kireç malzemeleri kuru formda homojen bir karisim elde etmek amaciyla bir karistirici hazne içerisine konulur ve en az 3 dakika karistirilarak homojen bir karisim elde edilmesi saglanir. Bu karisim islemi "hammadde karisimi” olarak adlandirilir. Bir diger karisim süreci ise, ayri bir karisim haznesi içerisine portland çimentosu, yüksek alkali dayanikli kirpilmis cam elyaf malzeme bilesenleri ilave edilerek homojen bir karisim elde etmek amaciyla en az 3 dakika karistirilir. Bu karisimda elyaf takviye malzemesinin karisim içerisinde tamamen homojen dagilim yapmasi son derece önemlidir. Bu karisim islevine de "baglayici ve Iif karisimi” denilebilir.For the production of cement-based light precast mortar with perlite aggregate in the above-mentioned example in ready-to-use form in accordance with the technical specifications and size distributions defined in the specification. five different mixture components enriched coarse tile powder, fine tile powder, fine raw perlite, A homogeneous mixture of micronized dolomite and CL 90 slaked powder lime is obtained in dry form. It is placed in a mixing bowl in order to mix it and it is mixed for at least 3 minutes to form a homogeneous mixture. mixture is obtained. This mixing process is called “raw material mixing”. Another The mixing process is portland cement, high alkali resistant, in a separate mixing chamber. In order to obtain a homogeneous mixture by adding shredded glass fiber material components, minimum It is mixed for 3 minutes. In this mixture, the fiber reinforcement material is completely homogeneous in the mixture. Distribution is extremely important. This mixing function can also be called "binder and Iif mixing".
Diger bir üçüncü karisim haznesi içerisine de karisimdaki kullanim oranlarina göre ayarlanmis miktarlarda akiskanlastirici malzeme, toz polimer katki, su itici kimyasal malzeme ve renkli toz boya ve/veya renk pigmenti ilave edilerek homojen bir karisim elde etmek amaciyla en az 3 dakika karistirilir ve malzemelerin birbiri ile örtüsmesi saglanir. Bu karisim islevine de ”kimyasal karisimi" denilebilir. Bu sekilde elde edilmis olan ”hammadde karisimi”, “baglayici ve liiC karisimi” ve ”kimyasal karisim"lari ayri bir karistirici hazne içerisine alinarak, düsük devirde ortalama 2 dakika karistirilarak bu üç malzemenin homojen karismasi saglanir. Sonrasinda bu karistirici içerisine, toplam karisimda kullanilacak oranda genlestirilmis perlit ve genlestirilmis toz perlit malzemeler tartilarak ilave edilir.It is also adjusted into another third mixing chamber according to the usage rates in the mixture. amounts of plasticizer, powder polymer additive, water-repellent chemical material and colored powder paint. and/or color pigment for at least 3 minutes to obtain a homogeneous mixture. It is mixed and the materials are ensured to overlap with each other. This mixture function is also called "chemical mixture". can be said. The "raw material mixture", "binder and liiC mixture" and "chemical mixture" obtained in this way The mixtures are taken into a separate mixing bowl and mixed for an average of 2 minutes at low speed. homogeneous mixing of these three materials is ensured. Then into this mixer, the total mixture Expanded perlite and expanded powder perlite materials at the rate to be used are weighed and added.
Düsük devirli bir karistirma ile ortalama 3 dakika karistirilarak bu malzemelerin tamaminin homojen karismasi saglanir. Ancak, bu karisim süresinde genlestirilmis perlit malzemelerin hacim kaybina ugramamasi amaciyla ufalanmamasi ve ezilmemesine azami ölçüde dikkat edilmelidir. Karistirma islemi tamamlandiktan sonra toplam karisimda kullanilacak ve elde edilecek harcin kolaylikla yayilimini ve islenebilirlik kivamini saglayacak tartimi yapilmis su, bu hazneye yavas yavas beslenir ve homojen bir harç karisimi elde edilinceye kadar düsük devirde karistirmaya devam edilir. Bu karisim süreçlerinde malzemelerin yogunluklari sebebiyle olusabilecek tane ardalanmasi ve segregasyonun olusup olusmadigi önemle kontrol edilmelidir. Segregasyonun olusmadigi bir harç ortami, ”hafif prekast harci” olarak adlandirilabilir. Bu islem sonrasi, hafif prekast harç, kaliplama islemi için hazir konuma gelmis demektir. Sonrasinda elde edilen hafif prekast harç, daha önceden geometrisi, boyutu ve sekilsel formu tasarimlanmis çelik, poliyester, ahsap ve/veya silikondan yapilmis kaliplara doldurularak, bir vibrasyon ünitesinde harcin kalip içerinden homojen yerlesmesi saglanir. Dolumu yapilan kaliplarin harç dolgusunun yapilmis oldugu açik yüzeyinin doldurma islemi sonrasi tamamen düz bir satih olusturulmasina özen gösterilir. Bu kaliplar doldurma islemi sonrasinda, ihtiyaç duyulmasi halinde bir etüv ortami içerisine alinarak en az 8 saat süreyle minimum 60-70°C sicaklik ortaminda bekletilerek harcin kür almasi saglanir. Kür islemi tamamlanmis hafif prekast harç, kaliplardan çikartilarak prekast ürün elde edilmis olur. Sertlesmesini tamamen tamamlamis prekast ürünler son kalite kontrolleri yapilarak ambalajlanarak nihai ürün formuna ulastirilir. Harcin karisim bilesenleri ve malzeme kullanim oranlari baglaminda tanimlanan kullanim araliklari dikkate alinarak, iç cephe ve/veya dis cephe uygulamalarinda kullanilabilecek genlesmis perlit agregali çimento esasli hafif prekast ürünlerin üretimi saglanabilir. By mixing with a low-speed mixing for an average of 3 minutes, all of these materials are homogeneously mixed. mixing is achieved. However, the volume loss of the expanded perlite materials during this mixing period. Maximum care should be taken not to crumble or crush it in order to prevent it from being crushed. To mix up After the process is completed, the mortar to be used in the total mixture and to be obtained can be easily Weighed water, which will ensure its dispersion and workability, is slowly fed into this chamber and Mixing is continued at low speed until a homogeneous mortar mixture is obtained. this is my wife grain alternation and segregation that may occur due to the densities of the materials in the should be carefully checked. A mortar environment where segregation does not occur, ”light can be called “precast fee”. After this process, the light precast mortar is ready for the molding process. It means it's in position. The light precast mortar obtained after and shaped form designed molds made of steel, polyester, wood and/or silicone It is filled and homogeneous placement of the mortar through the mold is ensured in a vibration unit. refill After the filling process, the open surface of the molds, on which the mortar filling is made, is completely Care is taken to create a flat surface. After filling these molds, the need If it is heard, it should be taken into an oven environment and kept at a minimum temperature of 60-70°C for at least 8 hours. The mortar is allowed to cure by keeping it in the environment. Cured light precast mortar, By removing it from the molds, a precast product is obtained. Precast that has completely hardened products are delivered to the final product form by being packaged after final quality controls. Your mortar mix taking into account the usage intervals defined in terms of components and material usage rates, Cement based with expanded perlite aggregate that can be used in interior and/or exterior applications production of light precast products can be provided.
Bulus kapsamindaki genlesmis perlit agregali çimento esasli hafif prekast harci formu ile 20 mm kalinligina kadar uygulanabilen levha sekilli prekast ürünler elde edilebilir. Bulus kapsamindaki hafif prekast harç kombinasyonlari ile üretilecek prekast ürünlerin sertlesmis harç ürünü olarak 10 mm ürün kalinligi için birim agirlik degeri uygulanan karisim kombinasyona bagli olmak kosuluyla 6 - 11 kg/m2 araliginda degisim gösterebilmektedir.20 mm with expanded perlite aggregate cement-based light precast mortar form within the scope of the invention. Plate-shaped precast products can be obtained, which can be applied up to thickness. Lightweight in the scope of the invention 10 mm as the hardened mortar product of the precast products to be produced with precast mortar combinations. The unit weight value for the product thickness is 6 - 11 depending on the mixture combination applied. It can vary in the range of kg/m2.
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US11739026B2 (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2023-08-29 | TPI Polene Public Company Limited | Lightweight fiber-reinforced cement material |
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