TR201705992A2 - COMPOSITE LEAF SPRING EYE DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING METHOD - Google Patents
COMPOSITE LEAF SPRING EYE DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING METHOD Download PDFInfo
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- TR201705992A2 TR201705992A2 TR2017/05992A TR201705992A TR201705992A2 TR 201705992 A2 TR201705992 A2 TR 201705992A2 TR 2017/05992 A TR2017/05992 A TR 2017/05992A TR 201705992 A TR201705992 A TR 201705992A TR 201705992 A2 TR201705992 A2 TR 201705992A2
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- Prior art keywords
- eye
- leaf spring
- cylindrical
- composite
- bearing
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 112
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 75
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011359 shock absorbing material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 26
- 210000000588 acetabulum Anatomy 0.000 description 10
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 210000003049 pelvic bone Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 7
- 210000000845 cartilage Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000002414 leg Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000271 Kevlar® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000008429 bread Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004761 kevlar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001930 leg bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
- B60G11/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only
- B60G11/04—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only arranged substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
- B60G11/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only
- B60G11/10—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only characterised by means specially adapted for attaching the spring to axle or sprung part of the vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
- B60G11/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only
- B60G11/10—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only characterised by means specially adapted for attaching the spring to axle or sprung part of the vehicle
- B60G11/12—Links, pins, or bushes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
- B60G2202/10—Type of spring
- B60G2202/11—Leaf spring
- B60G2202/112—Leaf spring longitudinally arranged
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
- B60G2204/12—Mounting of springs or dampers
- B60G2204/121—Mounting of leaf springs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
- B60G2204/418—Bearings, e.g. ball or roller bearings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
- B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
- B60G2206/40—Constructional features of dampers and/or springs
- B60G2206/42—Springs
- B60G2206/428—Leaf springs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
- B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
- B60G2206/70—Materials used in suspensions
- B60G2206/71—Light weight materials
- B60G2206/7101—Fiber-reinforced plastics [FRP]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
Abstract
Buluş otomotivde veya demir yolu taşımacılığında kullanılan (Ağır, Hafif ticari araçlar veya otomobillerde vb.) yaprak yayların, kompozit malzemeden yapılmış halinin göz kısmının (taşıta yaprak yayın bağlandığı mafsallı kısım) tasarımı ve bu göz kısmının üretim tekniği ile ilgilidir.The invention relates to the design of the eye part (the articulated part where the leaf spring is attached to the vehicle) of the leaf springs made of composite material used in automotive or railway transportation (Heavy, Light commercial vehicles or automobiles, etc.) and the production technique of this eye part.
Description
TEKNIK ALAN Bulus otomotivde veya demir yolu tasimaciliginda kullanilan (Agir, Hafif ticari araçlar veya otomobillerde vb.) yaprak yaylarin, kompozit malzemeden yapilmis halinin göz kisminin (tasita yaprak yayin baglandigi mafsalli kisim) tasarimi ve bu göz kisminin üretim teknigi ile ilgilidir.(Benzer bir mafsal baglantisi otomobil ön tekerlek sistemindeki salincaklarda da mevcuttur. Burada bulusun konusu olan mafsal sistemine benzer bir imalat ve tasarim yapilabilir.) TEKNIGIN BILINEN DURUMU Yaprak yaylar her türlü tasitta kullanilmaktadir. (Faytonlar, trenler, otomobiller hafif veya agir ticari araçlarda vb.) Otomotiv sektöründe siklikla kullanildigi için anlatim otomotiv sektörü üzerinden yapilacaktir. TECHNICAL FIELD The invention is used in automotive or railway transportation (Heavy, Light commercial vehicles). or in automobiles etc.) leaf springs made of composite material the design of the part (the articulated part to which the leaf spring is attached to the vehicle) and the production of this eye part (A similar articulation connection is found in the automobile front wheel system. Also available in swings. Here is a system similar to the articulation system which is the subject of the invention. manufacturing and design can be done.) KNOWN STATUS OF ART Leaf springs are used in all kinds of vehicles. (Phaes, trains, automobiles are light or heavy commercial vehicles etc.) Since it is frequently used in the automotive sector, the expression automotive will be made through the industry.
Otomotivde kullanilan yaprak yaylar alasimli çelik malzemelerden sicak veya soguk üretim teknikleri ( haddeleme, delme vb.) ile üretilmektedir. Degisik tiplerde yaprak yaylar bulundugu gibi yine degisik tiplerde yaprak yay göz tasarimlari bulunmaktadir. Yaprak yay tipleri parabolik ve konvansiyonel olarak iki ana grupta toplanmaktadir. (Parabolik tip yaparak yaylarda kesit kalinliklari yaprak yayin boyuna dogru degisiklik gösterirken konvansiyonel yaprak yayda kesit kalinliklari sabittir. Her iki tipte birden fazla parçadan(kattan) olusabilmektedirler.) Sekil-1 de farkli göz tipleri bulunmaktadir. Sekil-1 de normal göz (1 .a) ters göz (1 .b) ve Berlin göz (1.0) görülmektedir. (“Berlin göz” deki “Berlin” ifadesi o yapiya özel verilmis genel bir isimdir). Leaf springs used in automotive are made of alloy steel materials, hot or cold. It is produced by production techniques (rolling, drilling, etc.). Leaf springs of different types There are also different types of leaf spring eye designs. leaf spring types are collected in two main groups as parabolic and conventional. (Parabolic type while the section thicknesses of the springs vary towards the leaf spring length. section thicknesses are constant in conventional leaf springs. More than one type They can consist of parts (layers).) There are different eye types in Figure-1. in Figure-1 normal eye (1 .a), inverted eye (1 .b) and Berlin eye (1.0). (“Berlin” in “Berlin eye” is a general name given specifically to that structure).
Yaprak yayin araç üzerindeki montajlanmis konumu ve çalisma sirasindaki hareket tarzi su sekilde açiklanabilir; Sekil-2'deki gibi araç sasisi (2.8) üzerinde bulunan sabit küpe' ye (2.6) yaprak yay ön gözü (2.5.1) hareketli küpeye (2.4) yaprak yay arka gözü (2.5.2) takilmaktadir. Araç dingiline (2.1) “U” baglanti donanimi (2.2) sikilarak yaprak (2.5) araç üzerindeki yerine takilmistir. The assembled position of the leaf spring on the vehicle and its movement during operation style can be explained as follows; A leaf spring is attached to the fixed earring (2.6) on the vehicle chassis (2.8) as in Figure-2. The leaf spring rear eye (2.5.2) is attached to the movable earring (2.4) with the front eye (2.5.1). Vehicle by tightening the “U” connection hardware (2.2) to the axle (2.1) and replacing the leaf (2.5) on the vehicle. is stuck.
Göz tipleri de Sekil-3 de araç üzerindeki yaprak yayin (2.5) yerinden sökülmüs halde görülmektedir. Burada ön göz (2.5.1) içerisine takilan burç(3.1.a) ve arka göz(2.5.2) içerisine takilan arka burç(3.1.b) görülmektedir. Ön burç (3.1 .a) ve arka burç(3.1 .b) yaprak yay(2.5) üzerindeki yerlerine takildiktan sonra yaprak yay(2.5) sekil-1 de görüldügü hale gelebilmesi için sabit küpe göz mafsal civatasi(3.3) sabit küpe üzerindeki mafsal deliginden(2.6.1) geçirilerek ön gözü(2.5.1) ön sabit küpeye (2.6) takilir. Benzer sekilde arka sabit küpe (2.7) ye arka sabit küpe mafsal civatasi (3.4) arka sabit küpe mafsal deliginden (2.7.1) geçirilerek ayni anda hareketli küpe üst mafsal deliginden de (2.4.2) geçirilerek hareketli küpe (2.4) arka sabit küpe (2.7) üzerindeki yerine takilabilir. Ön gözdekine (2.5.1) benzer sekilde arka göze (2.5.2) arka göz burcu (3.1 .b) takildiktan sonra arka göz (2.5.2) hareketli küpe göz kismina (2.4.1) getirilerek hareketli küpe göz mafsal civatasi (3.2) hareketli küpe göz kismi deliginden (2.4.1.a) geçirilerek arka gözün (2.5.2) ve hareketli küpenin (2.4) birbirine takilmasi saglanir. Eye types are also shown in Figure-3 with the leaf spring (2.5) on the vehicle removed. is seen. Here, the bushing (3.1.a) and rear eye (2.5.2) inserted into the front eye (2.5.1) The rear bushing (3.1.b) attached to it is seen. Front bush (3.1 .a) and rear bush (3.1 .b) leaf After being attached to its places on the spring (2.5), the leaf spring (2.5) becomes as seen in figure-1. the eye joint bolt (3.3) of the fixed earring, the knuckle on the fixed earring The front eye (2.5.1) is attached to the front fixed earring (2.6) by passing it through the hole (2.6.1). Similarly rear fixed earring (2.7) to rear fixed earring knuckle bolt (3.4) rear fixed earring joint the movable earring through the upper knuckle hole (2.4.2) at the same time. the movable earring (2.4) can be attached to its place on the rear fixed earring (2.7). Front after attaching the posterior eye bush (3.1 .b) to the posterior eye (2.5.2) similar to the one in the eye (2.5.1) The rear eye (2.5.2) is brought to the eye part of the moving ear piece (2.4.1) and the movable ear can be fixed on the eye joint. The bolt (3.2) is passed through the eyepiece hole (2.4.1.a) of the movable earring and the rear eye (2.5.2) and the movable earring (2.4) are attached to each other.
Sekil-4 de araç hareket yönü (3.5) görülmektedir. Bu nedenle bu yönde olan göze ön göz (2.5.1) diger yönde olan göze de arka göz (2.5.2) diye adlandirilmaktadir. Vehicle movement direction (3.5) is shown in Figure-4. Therefore, in this direction The anterior eye (2.5.1) is called the posterior eye (2.5.2), and the eye in the other direction.
Araç yolda giderken tekerlek (2.3) yoldaki herhangi bir çukur ile karsilastiginda tekerlegin asagi yönündeki hareketinde (4.1) hareketli küpe (2.4) arka sabit küpe mafsal civatasi (3.4) etrafinda saat yönünde dönerek yaprak yay (2.5) büzülerek Sekil-4'deki halini almasini saglar. Ayni zamanda ön göz (2.5.1 ) sabit küpe göz mafsal civatasi (3.3) etrafinda saat yönünde dönmekle birlikte arka göz (2.5.2) hareketli küpeye göre (2.4) hareketli küpe göz mafsal civatasi (3.2) etrafinda saat yönü tersinde dönmektedir. When the wheel (2.3) encounters any pothole on the road while the vehicle is on the road, in the downward movement of the wheel (4.1) the movable ear (2.4) the rear fixed ear knuckle By turning the bolt (3.4) clockwise, the leaf spring (2.5) shrinks and becomes the one in Figure-4. they get it. At the same time, the front eye (2.5.1) is fixed around the eye joint bolt (3.3). while rotating clockwise, the rear eye (2.5.2) is relative to the moving ear (2.4) the eye joint bolt (3.2) rotates counterclockwise around it.
Sekil-5 de, tekerlek (2.3) yoldaki herhangi bir tümsek ile karsilastiginda tekerlegin yukari yönlü (5.2) hareketinde hareketli küpe (2.4) arka sabit küpe mafsal civatasi (3.4) etrafinda saat yönü tersi yönünde dönerek yaprak yay (2.5) esneyerek (uzayarak) sekil- 'deki halini almasini saglar. Ayni zamanda ön göz (2.5.1) sabit küpe göz mafsal civatasi (3.3) etrafinda saatin tersi yönde dönmekle birlikte arka göz (2.5.2) hareketli küpeye göre (2.4) hareketli küpe göz mafsal civatasi (3.2) etrafinda saat yönünde dönmektedir. Sekil-4 ve Sekil-Site yaprak yay sisteminin çalisma sekli anlatilmistir. In Figure-5, when the wheel (2.3) encounters any bump in the road, movable earring (2.4) in upward (5.2) movement, rear fixed earring knuckle bolt (3.4) Leaf spring (2.5) is shaped by stretching (extending) by rotating counterclockwise around it. It allows it to take its form in . At the same time, the front eye (2.5.1) is fixed earring eye joint bolt. (3.3) rotates counterclockwise around it, but the rear eye (2.5.2) is relative to the movable earring. (2.4) the movable earring rotates clockwise around the eye joint bolt (3.2). Figure-4 and the operation of the Fig-Site leaf spring system is explained.
Yaprak yay araç altinda aracin dingili üzerinde bulunan tüm agirligi tasidigi için dayanikli olmasi için simdiye dek alasimli çelik malzemeden üretildiginden oldukça agirdir. Since the leaf spring carries all the weight on the axle of the vehicle under the vehicle. It is quite heavy as it has been produced from alloy steel material so far to be durable.
(Agirliklari yetiskin bir insan agirligina kadar çikabilmektedir). (They can be up to the weight of an adult).
Sürekli esneyerek hareket ettigi için bir süre sonra malzeme yorularak içeriginde küçük çatlaklar olusmasi ve sonrasinda da kirilmasina neden olmaktadir. (Belirli bir ömre sahiptir) sebebi; tekerlegin (2.3) asagi (4.1) ve yukari yönlü (5.1) hareketi sirasinda ön ve arka gözler (2.5.1) (2.5.2) saat yönü ve saat yönü tersinde aracin dingil (2.1) üzerindeki agirligi altinda hareket ettikleri için eger burçlar (3.1.a) (3.1.b) gözün içinde olmasa bu yük altinda makasin gözleri (2.5.1) (2.5.2) sürtünmeden dolayi hasarlanabilme ihtimali bulunmaktadir. Since it moves by constantly stretching, the material gets tired after a while and it is in its content. It causes small cracks to form and then break. (A certain lifetime has) reason; front and rear during movement of the wheel (2.3) down (4.1) and up (5.1) eyes (2.5.1) (2.5.2) clockwise and counterclockwise weight of the vehicle on the axle (2.1) If the bushes (3.1.a) (3.1.b) are not in the eye, they are under this load because they move under it. there is a possibility that the eyes of the scissors (2.5.1) (2.5.2) may be damaged due to friction.
Ayrica burç malzemeleri bazi durumlarda kauçuk içermektedir. (iç içe iki boru ikisinin arasinda kauçuk malzeme bulunmaktadir (piyasada rahatlikla bulunmaktadir)). Tekerlegin ani hareketlerinde olusan darbeli yüklerin göz mafsallarina ani olarak etkimesini engellemek amaçlanmistir.) Otomotivde gittikçe artan bir sekilde yakit tasarrufuna gidildigi için araç üreticileri daha hafif ve daha dayanikli malzemelerden araç parçalari üretilebilmesi için çalismaktadir. Yaprak yay da bu malzemelerden birisidir. Bu nedenle kompozit malzemelere yönlenmekte ve bununla ilgili yapilan çalismalar mevcuttur. (Kompozit: En az iki farkli gruplardaki malzemenin, en iyi özelliklerini bir araya toplamak ya da iki malzemede de olmayan yeni bir özellik çikartmak amaciyla, bu malzemelerin birlestirilmesiyle olusan malzemelere denir. Diger bir söyleyisle birbirlerinin zayif yönünü düzelterek veya üstün özelliklerini arttirmak için bir araya getirilmis degisik tür malzemelerden veya fazlardan olusan malzemelerdir.) Otomotiv sektöründe kullanilan kompozit malzemelere örnek olarak; karbonfiber- epoksi, cam elyafi-polyester, cam elyafi-epoksi, kevlar-epoksi vb.(BunIar ve benzeri malzeme çiftleri günümüzde basta otomotiv olmak üzere, tekne imalati vb. sektörlerde kullanilmaktadir.) (Karbonfiber, cam elyafi, kevlar malzemeleri de saç teli inceliginde fiberlerden olusan, boyuna çeki kuvvetlerine yüksek dayanim gösterebilen malzemelerdir. Also, bushing materials contain rubber in some cases. (two pipes inside each other There is rubber material between (comfortably available in the market)). your wheel the impact of the impact loads that occur in sudden movements on the eye joints. intended to prevent.) Vehicle manufacturers are increasingly fueled by the automotive industry. to produce vehicle parts from lighter and more durable materials. is working. Leaf spring is one of these materials. Therefore, composite is directed to the materials and there are studies related to this. (Composite: At least to bring together the best features of two different groups of materials, or to combine two materials formed by combining these materials in order to bring out a new feature that is not in called materials. In other words, by correcting each other's weak points or by made of different kinds of materials or phases combined to increase their properties. are materials.) As an example of composite materials used in the automotive industry; carbonfiber- epoxy, fiberglass-polyester, fiberglass-epoxy, kevlar-epoxy, etc. material pairs are used primarily in automotive, boat building and so on. in sectors (Carbon fiber, glass fiber, kevlar materials are also hair-thin They are materials consisting of fibers that can show high resistance to longitudinal tensile forces.
Bu malzemelerden olusturulan parçalarin yüksek dayanim elde edilebilmesi için Jam“ "'gi &3'i " vgzggisgm h 'kW &gsm *ir %111:: m1 i`m ü &WWW ag; mm umumî 'iwiimw'k 53 mm 'm mm ;esin ` iiiiî'ni'inßi im?“ M& mm mlmlmiiui”fb$imni usanm- :mum !sunum ;im-gm' Hani u im'i"i*'ii:$!iu mm?' Ekim *gm [miiwêilr ' 7 _` Kompozit yapi içerisindeki elyaf Iifleri kirilir kesilir ise elyaf dogrultusunda çeki yükünü tasiyamayacaklardir. Sonuç olarak kompozit malzemeden yapilmis parça hasarlanacaktir. In order to obtain high strength of the parts formed from these materials, Jam“ "'gi &3'i " vgzggisgm h 'kW &gsm *ir 111:: m1 i`m ü &WWW ag; mm general 'iwiimw'k 53 mm 'm mm ;inspiration ` iiiiî'ni'inßi im?“ M& mm mlmlmiiui”fb$imni usanm- :mum !presentation ;im-gm' Hani u im'i"i*'ii:$!iu mm?' October *gm [miiwêilr ' 7 _` If the fiber fibers in the composite structure are broken and cut, the tensile load will be increased in the fiber direction. they will not be able to carry. As a result, the part made of composite material will be damaged.
Kompozit yaprak yay ile ilgili patent basvurularindan bazilarinin numaralari; Bu patent numaralarinin konulari bulusun içerdigi konuyla bazilarinin kismi ilgisi bulunmaktadir. Ancak bu ilgi hali hazirda kullanilan çelik yaprak yaylarin göz tasarimina numarali patentte çelik yay da bulunan göz tasarimina benzer bir göz tasarimi için elde edebilmek için kompozit yaprak yay ucuna; kompozit olabilecegi gibi baska bir malzemeden de imal edilebilen bir çesit parça kompozit yaprak yay uç kismi delinerek vidalar yardimiyla montajlanmistir. The numbers of some of the patent applications related to the composite leaf spring; The subjects of these patent numbers are partly related to the subject matter of the invention. are available. However, this interest is due to the eye design of the already used steel leaf springs. For an eye design similar to the eye design with a steel spring in patent No. to the composite leaf spring tip; can be composite as well as another A kind of piece of composite leaf spring end part, which can also be manufactured from material, is perforated. mounted with the help of screws.
Kompozit malzemenin içindeki fiber bütünlügünü bozacak sekilde yapilan delinme ve kesilmeler (kompozit yaprak yay araç altinda çalisirken) yapisal olarak hasarlanmasina ve yaprak yay kullanim ömrünün kisalmasina neden olabilmektedir. (Özellikle malzemeye tutturulmak için vidalanmasi sirasinda kompozit malzemenin ucunda açilan delikler) kisimlara tekrar malzeme konularak bütünlük saplanmaya çalisilmissa da yine de fiber bütünlügü kesildigi için bozulmus ve bu nedenden de malzeme dayaniminda kayip olmaktadir. Puncture made in such a way as to disrupt the fiber integrity in the composite material and cuts (when the composite leaf spring is operating under the vehicle) can cause structural damage. and leaf springs may shorten their lifespan. (Especially opening at the end of the composite material during screwing to be attached to the material. holes) Although the integrity was tried to be established by putting the material on the parts again, the fiber still remained. its integrity is broken because it is cut and therefore the material strength is lost is happening.
BULUSUN AMACI Bulusun amaci, Kompozit yaprak yayin göz kismi tasariminda herhangi bir sekilde yaprak yay içerisindeki fiber bütünlügünü bozmadan (kesme, delme, vb.) ve yaprak yayin çalisma ortamindaki hareketlerini sinirlamayacak bir kompozit yaprak yay gözü gerçeklestirmektir. OBJECTIVE OF THE INVENTION The object of the invention is to use any shape in the eyepiece design of the Composite leaf spring. without disturbing the fiber integrity in the leaf spring (cutting, drilling, etc.) and leaf spring a composite leaf spring eye that will not limit its movements in the working environment is to perform.
Bulusun bir diger amaci; bulusun konusu olan kompozit yaprak yay göz tasariminin imalati sirasinda belirli bir sürede daha fazla adette üretimin gerçeklestirilmesidir. Another purpose of the invention; Composite leaf spring eye design which is the subject of the invention It is the realization of more production in a certain period of time during the production.
SEKILLERIN AÇIKLAMASI Bulusun yapisal ve karakteristik özellikleri ve tüm avantajlari asagida verilen sekiller ve bu sekillere atiflar yapilmak suretiyle yazilan detayli açiklama sayesinde daha net olarak anlasilacaktir ve bu nedenle degerlendirmenin de bu sekiller ve detayli açiklama göz önüne alinarak yapilmasi gerekmektedir. EXPLANATION OF FIGURES The structural and characteristic features of the invention and all its advantages are given below. and more clearly thanks to the detailed explanation written by making references to these figures. will be understood and therefore the assessment should also take into account these figures and detailed explanation. must be made by taking
Sekil-1: Yaprak yay göz tipleri Sekil-2: Yaprak yayin araç altinda tekerlek dingil ve sasi üzerindeki konumu Sekil-3: Yaprak yayin araç altinda sasiye montajinin ne sekilde oldugu Sekil-4: Yaprak yayin araç altinda tekerlegin asagi yönlü hareketi sonucu aldigi konum Sekil-5: Yaprak yayin araç altinda tekerlegin yukari yönlü hareketi sonucu aldigi konum Sekil-6: Insan iskelet sisteminde Febur(bacak) kemiginin pelvik (legen) kemigine mekanik mafsal baglantisinin ne sekilde oldugu. Figure-1: Leaf spring eye types Figure-2: The position of the leaf spring on the wheel axle and chassis under the vehicle Figure-3: How the leaf spring is mounted on the chassis under the vehicle Figure-4: The position of the leaf spring under the vehicle as a result of the downward movement of the wheel Figure-5: The position of the leaf spring under the vehicle as a result of the upward movement of the wheel Figure-6: Febur (leg) bone in the human skeletal system to the pelvic (leg) bone mechanically what kind of joint connection is.
Sekil-7: Bulusun konusu olan mekanik mafsal baglantisinin genel sekli Sekil-8: Bulusun konusu olan kompozit yaprak yay göz tasarimi için fiber örgünün göz bölgesinde olusturacagi sarim sekli ve ne sekilde olusturulacagi. Figure-7: The general form of the mechanical joint connection, which is the subject of the invention Figure-8: The mesh of the fiber mesh for the composite leaf spring mesh design, which is the subject of the invention the type of winding it will form in the region and how it will be formed.
Sekil-9: Bulusun konusu olan kompozit yaprak yay göz tasarimi için fiber örgünün göz bölgesinde olusturacagi alternatif sarim sekli ve ne sekilde olusturulabilecegi. Figure-9: The mesh of the fiber braid for the composite leaf spring mesh design, which is the subject of the invention the alternative winding shape to be created in the region and how it can be created.
Sekil-10: Bulusun konusu olan kompozit yaprak yayin imalat tekniginin genel sekli Sekil-11: Bulusun konusu olan kompozit yaprak yay göz kismi üzerine takilabilecek hem sok emici hem de sürtünme hasari azaltici ve sadece sürtünme hasari azaltici “C” harfine benzer koruyucu parçalarin genel görünümü. Figure-10: The general form of the composite leaf spring manufacturing technique, which is the subject of the invention Figure-11: Composite leaf spring, which is the subject of the invention, can be worn on the eye part. letter “C” that absorbs shock as well as reduces friction damage and only reduces friction damage general view of similar protective parts.
Sekil-12: Kompozit yaprak yay göz kismina sadece sürtünme hasari azaltici “C” harfine benzer parça takildiktan sonra imalati bitmis kompozit göz genel görünümü. Figure-12: Composite leaf spring only rubbing damage reduction letter “C” to eye part General view of the finished composite eye after fitting a similar part.
Sekil-13: Kompozit yaprak yay göz kisina sok emici malzemeli hem sok emici hem de sürtünme hasari azaltici “C” harfine benzer parça takildiktan sonra imalati bitmis kompozit göz genel görünümü. Figure-13: Composite leaf spring, both shock absorber and Finished composite after the installation of a friction damage-reducing “C”-like part eye general view.
Sekil-14: Kompozit yaprak yay göz kismina sadece sürtünme hasari azaltici “C” harfine benzer parça takildiktan sonra araç üzerinde gözün takildigi yerde sok emici görev görebilecek “C” harfine benzer sok emici malzemeli burcun genel görünümü. Figure-14: Composite leaf spring only rubbing damage reduction letter “C” to eye part Shock absorbing duty on the vehicle where the eye is stuck after the similar part is attached General view of the bush with shock absorbing material similar to the letter “C” that can be seen.
Sekil-15: Sok emici görevi görebilecek “C” harfine benzer sok emici malzemeli burcun ve kompozit yaprak yay gözüne sadece sürtünme hasari azaltici “C” harfine benzer parça takilmis kompozit yaprak yayin araç üzerinde sabit “C” harfine benzer sabit küpe üzerine takilmasinin genel görünüsü. Figure-15: The bush with shock absorbing material similar to the letter “C” that can act as a shock absorber and 'C'-like part to reduce only rubbing damage to composite leaf spring eye mounted composite leaf spring on the fixed earring similar to the fixed letter “C” on the vehicle general view of the attachment.
Sekil-16: Kompozit yaprak yay göz kisina sok emici malzemeli hem sok emici hem de sürtünme hasari azaltici “C" harfine benzer parça takilmis kompozit yaprak yayin araç üzerinde sabit “C” harfine benzer sabit küpe üzerine takilmasinin genel görünüsü. Figure-16: Composite leaf spring, both shock absorber and Composite leaf spring vehicle fitted with a friction damage-reducing “C”-like part General view of wearing it on a fixed earring similar to the fixed letter "C" on it.
Sekil-17: Bulusun konusu olan kompozit yaprak yayin arka gözünün, bir ucunda “C” harfine benzer kisim bulunan hareketli küpeye takilmis halinin genel görünüsü. Figure-17: The rear chamber of the composite leaf spring, which is the subject of the invention, has the letter “C” at one end. General view of a movable earring with a similar part.
Sekil-18: Bulusun konusu olan kompozit makasin sabit küpeye takildiktan sonra takildigi yönde tekrar çikmamasi için sabit küpeye takilan kapaklarin genel görünüsü Sekil-19: Bulusun konusu kompozit yaprak yayin araç altinda tekerlegin asagi yönlü hareketi sonucu aldigi konum Sekil-20: Bulusun konusu kompozit yaprak yayin araç altinda tekerlegin yukari yönlü hareketi sonucu aldigi konum. Figure-18: The composite scissors, which are the subject of the invention, are attached to the fixed earring. General view of the caps attached to the fixed earring so that it does not come off again in the direction Figure-19: The subject of the invention is the composite leaf spring under the vehicle in the downward direction of the wheel. position as a result of movement Figure-20: The subject of the invention is the composite leaf spring under the vehicle with the wheel upwards. position as a result of movement.
Sekillerdeki Referanslarin Açiklamasi: Normal göz Ters göz Berlin göz 2.1) Dingil 2 2) Yaprak yayin dingile baglanti parçasi (U civatalar) 2 3) Tekerlek 2 4) Hareketli Küpe 2.4.1) Hareketli küpe göz kismi 2.4.1 .a) Hareketli küpe göz kismi deligi 2.4.2) Hareketli küpe üst mafsal deligi 2.5) Yaprak Yay 2.5.1) Ön göz 2.5.2) Arka göz 2.6) Ön Sabit Küpe 2.6.1) Sabit küpe üzerindeki mafsal deligi 2.7) Arka Sabit Küpe 2.7.1) Arka sabit küpe mafsal deligi 2.8) Araç Sasisi 3.1 .a) Ön burç 3.1.b) Arka burç 3 2) Hareketli küpe göz mafsal civatasi 3 3) Sabit küpe göz mafsal civatasi 3.4) Arka sabit küpe mafsal civatasi 3 5) Araç hareket yönü 4 1)Asagi yön .1) Yukari yön 6) Insan iskelet sistemi femur ve pelvik(legen) kemigi kismi Pelvik kemigi (legen kemigi) Femur kemigi Küresel femur kemigi basi Pelvik kemigi asetabulum kismi (Femur basinin takili oldugu “C” seklindeki yer) 6.4) Küresel femur kemigi basi kikirdagi Asetabulum kikirdagi. 6.7) Insan vücut agirliginin asetabulum dan küresel femur kemigi basina iletimindeki kuvvet yönleri 7) Silindirik mafsal sistemi 7.1) Silindirik” C” yatagi Silindirik “C” yatagi genisligi 7.2) Silindirik mafsal 7.3.1) “C” yatagi üst alfa açisi 7.3.1 .a) “C” yataginin üst ucu 7.3.3) “C” yatagi 180° lik bas açisi 7.3.3.a) “C” yatagi bas ucu 7.5) silindirik eksen 7.7.1) “C” yatagi bas açisi tepki kuvvetleri 7.7.2) “C” yatagi üst açisi tepki kuvvetleri 7.7.3) “C” yatagi alt açisi tepki kuvvetleri 7.8) Silindirik “C” yatagi ters yönü 7 9) Silindirik “C” yatagi yönü 8 K) Kompozit yaprak yay gözünün kuzey bölgesi 8 G) Kompozit yaprak yay gözünün güney bölgesi 88) Ilk asama 8 C) Ikinci asama 8 D) Üçüncü asama Dördüncü asama 8.M) Kuzey-Güney bölgeli fiber kumas sarimli gözün merkezi 8) Kuzey-Güney bölgeli fiber kumas sarimli göz 8.1) Güney bölgesindeki fiber kumasi 8.2) Kuzey bölgesindeki fiber kumasi 8.3) Kuzey bölgesindeki fiber kumasinin kuzey bölgesine geçip güney bölgesi fiber kumasi oldugu uc nokta. 8.4) Ikinci asamadaki güney bölgesi fiber kumasi uç noktasi 8.5) Ikinci asamadaki kuzey bölgesi fiber kumasi uç noktasi 8.6) Ikinci asamadan üçüncü asamaya geçis halinde güney bölgesi fiber kumasi uç noktasi 8.7) Ikinci asamadan üçüncü asamaya geçis halindeki kuzey bölgesi fiber kumasi uç noktasi 8.8) Üçüncü asamadaki güney bölgesi fiber kumasi uç noktasi 8.9) Üçüncü asamadaki kuzey bölgesi fiber kumasi uç noktasi 9.B) Alternatif sarim ilk asama 9.C) Alternatif sarim ikinci asama 9.D) Alternatif sarim üçüncü asama 9) Kendi üzerine fiber kumasi sarimli göz 9.1) Alternatif sarim güney bölgesindeki fiber 9.2) Alternatif sarim kuzey bölgesindeki fiber 9.3) Kendi üzerine fiber kumasi sarimli gözün kuzey bölgesine geçip güney bölgesi fiber kumasi oldugu uç nokta .M) Fiber kumas makarasi .F) Fiber kumasi .FG) Fiber kumas genisligi .K) Kalip genisligi .C) Göz koruyucu genisligi ) Kompozit silindirik mafsalli yaprak yay .G) Fiberin kompozit yaprak yaya giris noktasi .V) Kompozit silindirik mafsalli yaprak yay genisligi .1) Fiber sarimli gözler .2) Alt kalip .3) Üst kalip .3.1) Fiber makarasindan kompozit yaprak yaya fiberin gidis yönü .32) Fiberin, fiber makarasi yönündeki göze gidis yönü 103.3) Fiberin, diger göze gidis yönü .3.4) Fiberin, diger gözden geçerek fiber giris noktasina gitme yönü. .4) “C” göz koruyucu 11.1) Sürtünme hasari azaltici “C" göz koruyucu. 11.1.P) Pürüzlü iç yüzey 11.2) Sok emici malzemeli sürtünme hasari azaltici" C” göz koruyucu 11.4) Iç “C" parçasi 11.D) Sok emici ara malzemesi 12) Sürtünme asari azaltici “C” göz koruyuculu kompozit yaprak yay silindirik mafsali 12.1) Reçine 13) Sürtünme hasari azaltici ve sok emici özellikli malzemeli “C” göz koruyuculu kompozit 14) Sok emici malzemeli “C” burç. 14.1) Sok emici malzemeli “C” burç iç parçasi 14.2) Sok emici malzemeli “C” burç dis parçasi 14.3) Sok emici malzemeli “C” burç üzerindeki civata deligi ) Silindirik “C" yatakli sabit küpe .1) Civata .2) Silindirik “C” yatakli sabit küpe üzerindeki civata deligi 17) Silindirik “C” yatakli hareketli küpe. 17.1) Hareketli küpe silindirik “C" yatagi. 18.1) Sol kapak 18.2) Sag kapak 18.3) Sol kapak civatasi 18.4) Sag kapak civatasi 18.5) Kompozit makasin takilacagi sabit küpe üzerinde sol kapak civatasinin takilacagi delikler. 18.6) Kompozit makasin takilacagi sabit küpe üzerinde sag kapak civatasinin takilacagi delikler. 19.1) Fiber kumas sarimli kompozit ön silindirik mafsalli göz 19.2) Fiber kumas sarimli kompozit arka silindirik mafsalli göz BULUSUN AÇIKLAMASI Bulusun daha iyi anlasilabilmesi için bulusun konusu olan mafsala (göz tasarimina benzer) benzer dogadaki benzer durumu Sekil-6 da ki insan iskelet sisteminin bir kismi görülmektedir. Sekil-6 da insan pevik kemigi (Legen kemigi) (6.1),Femur kemigi (6.2) , küresel femur kemigi basi(6.3) küresel femur kemigi basinin (6.3) pelvik kemiginde(6.1) takildigi içi bos yarim küre seklindeki asetabulum (6.5) (asetabulum; 0 yere verilen (tip da) özel bir isimdir) asetabulum içi kikirdak (6.5.1) küresel femur kemigi basi üzeri kikirdagi(6.3.1) görülmektedir. Insanin agirligindan ötürü asagi yönlü kuvvet pelvik kemigi (6.1) üzerinden içi bos yarim küre seklindeki asetabulum tüm yüzeyinden etkiyen kuvvetleri (6.6) asetabulum (6.5) içine takili olan küresel femur basina (6.3) iletir. Buradaki kikirdaklar sonucu meydana gelen sürtünmeden dolayi olusacak olan asinmayi engellemek için bulunmaktadir. Buradaki baglanti küresel oldugu için femur (6.2) kemigi her yönde (küresel dönme) dönme hareketi yapabilmektedir. (Sekil-6 insan iskelet sistemindeki küresel mafsalin kesit görüntüsüdür.) Teknigin bilinen durumunda Sekil -4 ve Sekil-5 de yaprak yayin ön gözü (2.5.1) ve arka gözü (2.5.2) tekerlegin (2.3) yukari (4.1 ) ve asagi yönlü (5.1) hareketinde tek eksende saat yönünde veya saat yönü tersinde hareket etmektedirler. Explanation of References in Figures: normal eye reverse eye Berlin eye 2.1) Axle 2 2) Leaf spring connecting piece to axle (U-bolts) 2 3) Wheel 2 4) Animated Earrings 2.4.1) Movable earring eye part 2.4.1 .a) Eye part hole for movable earring 2.4.2) Movable earring upper knuckle hole 2.5) Leaf Spring 2.5.1) Front eye 2.5.2) Hind eye 2.6) Front Fixed Earring 2.6.1) The knuckle hole on the fixed earring 2.7) Rear Fixed Earring 2.7.1) Rear fixed earring knuckle hole 2.8) Vehicle Chassis 3.1 .a) Front bushing 3.1.b) Rear bushing 3 2) Movable earring eye joint bolt 3 3) Fixed earring eye joint bolt 3.4) Rear fixed earring knuckle bolt 3 5) Vehicle movement direction 4 1) Down direction .1) Upward direction 6) Human skeletal system femur and pelvic(leg) bone part Pelvic bone (leg bone) femur bone Spherical femoral head Pelvic bone acetabulum part (the “C” shaped place where the femoral head is attached) 6.4) Spherical femoral head cartilage Acetabulum cartilage. 6.7) Force in transmission of human body weight from the acetabulum per spherical femoral bone aspects 7) Cylindrical joint system 7.1) Cylindrical “C” bearing Cylindrical “C” bearing width 7.2) Cylindrical joint 7.3.1) “C” bearing upper alpha angle 7.3.1 .a) Upper end of “C” bearing 7.3.3) “C” bearing 180° head angle 7.3.3.a) “C” bearing head end 7.5) cylindrical axis 7.7.1) “C” bearing head angle reaction forces 7.7.2) “C” bearing upper angle reaction forces 7.7.3) “C” bearing lower angle reaction forces 7.8) Cylindrical “C” bearing reverse direction 7 9) Cylindrical “C” bearing direction 8 K) North region of the composite leaf spring eye 8 G) Southern region of composite leaf spring eye 88) First stage 8 C) Second stage 8 D) Third stage fourth stage 8.M) North-South region fiber fabric wound center of the eye 8) North-South region fiber fabric winding eye 8.1) Fiber fabric in the south region 8.2) Fiber fabric in the northern region 8.3) The fiber fabric in the north region passes to the north region and the south region fiber fabric the end point. 8.4) Southern zone fiber fabric endpoint in the second phase 8.5) North area fiber fabric endpoint in the second stage 8.6) Southern region fiber fabric endpoint in case of transition from the second stage to the third stage 8.7) Northern region fiber fabric end in transition from the second stage to the third stage point 8.8) Southern zone fiber fabric endpoint in phase three 8.9) The northern region fiber fabric endpoint in the third stage 9.B) Alternative winding first stage 9.C) Alternative winding second stage 9.D) Alternative winding third stage 9) Eye with fiber fabric wound on itself 9.1) Alternative winding fiber in the southern region 9.2) Alternative winding fiber in the northern region 9.3) The fiber fabric is wound on itself, passing to the northern part of the eye and the southern part of the fiber fabric .M) Fiber cloth reel .F) Fiber cloth .FG) Fiber fabric width .K) Die width .C) Width of eye protection ) Composite cylindrical joint leaf spring .G) Composite leaf spring entry point of the fiber .V) Leaf spring width with composite cylindrical joint .1) Fiber wound eyes .2) Lower die .3) Upper mold .3.1) Direction of travel of composite leaf spring fiber from fiber reel .32) The direction of the fiber to the eye in the direction of the fiber spool 103.3) Direction of fiber to the other eye .3.4) The direction of the fiber going through the other eye to the fiber entry point. .4) “C” eye protection 11.1) Friction damage reduction “C” eye protection. 11.1.P) Rough inner surface 11.2) Friction damage reducing "C" eye protection with shock absorbing material 11.4) Inner “C” piece 11.D) Shock absorbing intermediate material 12) Composite leaf spring cylindrical joint with friction reducing “C” eye guard 12.1) Resin 13) “C” eye protection composite with friction damage reducing and shock absorbing material 14) “C” bushing with shock absorbing material. 14.1) “C” bushing inner part with shock absorbing material 14.2) “C” bushing tooth piece with shock absorbing material 14.3) Bolt hole on “C” bush with shock absorbing material ) Fixed earring with cylindrical “C” bearing .1) Bolt .2) Bolt hole on fixed earring with cylindrical “C” bearing 17) Moving earring with cylindrical “C” bearing. 17.1) Movable earring cylindrical “C” bearing. 18.1) Left cover 18.2) Right cover 18.3) Left cover bolt 18.4) Right cover bolt 18.5) On the fixed earring on which the composite scissors will be attached, the left cover bolt will be attached. holes. 18.6) On the fixed earring to which the composite scissors will be attached, the right cover bolt will be attached. holes. 19.1) Fiber cloth wound composite front cylindrical joint eye 19.2) Composite rear cylindrical joint eye with fiber cloth winding DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION For a better understanding of the invention, the subject of the invention, the joint (eye design, similar) similar situation in similar nature A part of the human skeletal system in Figure-6 is seen. Figure-6 shows human pelvic bone (Legen bone) (6.1), Femur bone (6.2), spherical femoral head(6.3) spherical femoral head (6.3) in pelvic bone(6.1) acetabulum (6.5) in the form of a hollow hemisphere to which it is attached (acetabulum; given to 0 place (type also) is a special name) intra-acetabulum cartilage (6.5.1) over the spherical femoral head cartilage(6.3.1) is seen. downward force pelvic bone due to human weight The forces acting on the entire surface of the hollow hemispherical acetabulum over (6.1) (6.6) transmits to the spherical femoral head (6.3) attached to the acetabulum (6.5). giggles here In order to prevent the wear that will occur due to the friction that occurs as a result of are available. Since the connection here is spherical, the femur (6.2) bone can be rotated in all directions (spherical rotation) can make rotational motion. (Fig.-6 global skeletal system is a cross-sectional view of the joint.) In the state of the art, in Figure -4 and Figure-5, the leaf spring front chamber (2.5.1) and The rear eye (2.5.2) is in one axis in the movement of the wheel (2.3) up (4.1 ) and down (5.1) They move clockwise or counterclockwise.
Yaprak yayin gözlerinin (2.5.1) (2.5.2) tek eksenli saat yönünde veya tersi yönünde dönüsünde oldugu gibi bulusun konusu olan kompozit yaprak yay göz tasariminin da kompozit yaprak yay bünyesinde bulundurulan fiber Iiflerin devamliligini bozmadan(delme, kesme vb.)bu harekete izin veriyor olmali. Uniaxial clockwise or counterclockwise of leaf spring eyes (2.5.1) (2.5.2) As in its return, the composite leaf spring eye design, which is the subject of the invention, is also Without disturbing the continuity of the fiber fibers contained in the composite leaf spring (drilling, cutting etc.) must allow this movement.
Sehit-6 da küresel mafsal olan asetebulum(6.5)-küresel femur basi(6.3) çiftine benzer Sekil-7 deki silindirik mafsal sistemi (7) kompozit makas göz tasarimina uygulanmistir. Sehit-6 also has a spherical joint, acetabulum (6.5)-spherical femoral head (6.3) pair. The cylindrical joint system (7) in Figure-7 is similar to the composite scissor eye design. has been applied.
Sekil-7 de, Sekil-6 daki asetabuluma(6.5) karsilik, silindirik "C" yatagi (7.1) ve küresel silindirik femurbasina(6.3) karsilik, silindirik mafsal(7.2) mevcuttur. Mafsal silindirik oldugu için sadece silindirik eksen (7.5) etrafinda saat yönünde veya tersi yönünde dönebilir. SekiI-6 da insan iskelet sistemindeki küresel femur basi (6.3) pelvik kemiginde (6.1) oturdugu yer asetabulumdan (6.5) çikmamasi için femur (6.2) dan pelvik kemigine (6.1) kaslar ile baglidir.(SekiI-6 iskelet sistemini konu aldigi ve insan iskelet sistemindeki küresel baglantilarin ne sekilde oldugu genel olarak bilindigi için kaslarin konumlari sekil üzerinde gösterilmemistir.) Sekil -7 de silindirik "C" yataginda (7.1) ise femurun (6.2) pelvik kemigine kaslar ile bagli olmasinin yerini; silindirik “C” yataginin üst alfa açisi (7.3.1 ) ve alt beta açisinin (7.3.2) karsiligindaki “C” yataginin üst ucu(7.3.1.a) ve alt ucu(7.3.2.a) kisimlari karsilamaktadir. In Figure-7, opposite to the acetabulum (6.5) in Figure-6, the cylindrical "C" bearing (7.1) and there is a cylindrical joint (7.2) as opposed to a spherical cylindrical femur (6.3). joint cylindrical clockwise or counterclockwise around the cylindrical axis (7.5) only. can return. Figure I-6 shows the spherical femoral head (6.3) in the human skeletal system in the pelvic bone. (6.1) is seated from the femur (6.2) to the pelvic bone so that it does not protrude from the acetabulum (6.5). (6.1) is connected with muscles. (Fig.-6 deals with the skeletal system and Since it is generally known how the spherical connections are, the positions of the muscles are shown in the figure. not shown above.) In Figure -7, in the cylindrical "C" bed (7.1), it is attached to the pelvic bone of the femur (6.2) with muscles. place of attachment; the upper alpha angle (7.3.1) and lower beta angle (7.3.2) of the cylindrical “C” bearing The upper end (7.3.1.a) and the lower end (7.3.2.a) of the corresponding “C” bearing meet the parts.
Bu, su sekilde olur; Silindirik mafsal (7.2) silindirik eksen (7.5) etrafinda saat yönünde veya tersi yönünde dönerken silindirik "C" yatagi tersi yönünde (7.8) çekilirse “C” yataginin üst ucunda (7.3.1.a) tüm üst alfa açisindaki (7.3.1) her bir açi diliminde silindirik olusur. Benzer anlatimla “C” yataginin alt ucunda (7.3.2.a) tüm alt beta açisindaki (7.3.2) her bir açi diliminde silindirik “C” yatagi genisligi boyunca tüm yüzeyde “C” yatagi alt açi tepki kuvvetleri (7.7.3) olusur. (Sadece bir açi dilimdeki üst ve alt açi tepki kuvvetleri(7.7.2)(7.7.3) gösterilmistir.) Ayrica; Sekil-6 da asetabulumun tüm yüzeyinden etkiyen kuvvetlere (6.6) benzer kuvvetlere benzer kuvvetlerde olusmaktadir, bunlar; Silindirik “C” yatagi 180° lik bas açisindaki (7.3.3) her bir açi diliminde silindirik "C" yatagi genisligi (7.1.G) boyunca tüm yüzeyde bas açi tepki kuvvetleri (7.7.1) (sadece bir açi dilimdeki bas açi tepki kuvveti (7.7.1) gösterilmistir.) söyle olusur; silindirik mafsal (7.2) silindirik eksen (7.5) etrafinda saat yönünde veya tersi yönünde dönerken silindirik "C" yatagi yönünde (7.9) ittirilirse ters yönde tepki kuvvetleri olusur. silindirik “C” yatagi içerisinden çikmasini engelleyen; silindirik “C” yataginin kisimlarindan silindirik “C” yatagi seklinde olabilecegi gibi birbirlerine montajli sekilde de olabilir. This happens in the form of water; Cylindrical joint (7.2) clock around cylindrical axis (7.5) If the cylindrical "C" bearing is pulled in the opposite direction (7.8) while turning in the direction or opposite direction, "C" cylindrical in each angle segment in the entire upper alpha angle (7.3.1) at the upper end of the bearing (7.3.1.a) occurs. Similarly, at the lower end of the “C” bearing (7.3.2.a) the entire lower beta angle (7.3.2) “C” bearing lower angle on the entire surface across the width of the cylindrical “C” bearing in each angle segment reaction forces (7.7.3) occur. (The upper and lower angle response in only one angle slice forces(7.7.2)(7.7.3) are shown.) Moreover; Figure-6 is similar to the forces acting on the entire surface of the acetabulum (6.6). It occurs in forces similar to the forces, these are; Cylindrical “C” bearing Cylindrical “C” at each angle segment at 180° head angle (7.3.3) Head angle reaction forces (7.7.1) over the entire surface along the bed width (7.1.G) (only one The head angle reaction force (7.7.1) in the angle slice is shown.) cylindrical joint (7.2) cylindrical "C" when rotating clockwise or counterclockwise around the cylindrical axis (7.5) If it is pushed in the direction of the bearing (7.9), reaction forces will occur in the opposite direction. preventing it from coming out of the cylindrical “C” bearing; from the sections of the cylindrical “C” bearing It can be in the form of a cylindrical “C” bed, or it can be mounted to each other.
Sekil-7 de silindirik “C” yatagi (7.1)- silindirik mafsal (7.2) çifti; Silindirik “C” yatagi yönü (7.9) veya tersi yönünde (7.8) itilip çekildiginde ve/veya ayni anda silindirik eksen (7.5) etrafinda saat yönünde veya tersi yönde döndürülmeye olanak tanir ve birbirlerinden ayrilmazlar. Silindirik mafsal (7.2) silindirik eksen yönünde (7.5) silindirik “C” yatagi tam ters yönde çekilirse birbirlerinden ayrilir. Bu durumu engellemek için bu yönde hareketi engelleyecek sinirlayicilar bu silindirik mafsal sistemi (7) ile birlikte kullanilabilir. (Sekil-18 de bu durum sol kapak (18.1) ve sag kapak (18.2) olarak açiklanmistir. Ancak bu yöndeki hareketi herhangi baska bir yöntemle de engellenebilir.) Yaprak yayi kompozit malzemelerden yaparken, yaprak yayin ön ve arka gözlerini küpeyi (2.7) de sekil-7 deki silindirik “C” yatagina tasarimsal olarak benzetilecektir. Bunun için kompozit yaprak yay (10) (sekil-10 da) imal edilirken sekil-8 de kuzey-güney sarimli göz (8) (sekil 9 da da alternatif sarim görülmektedir.) silindirik mafsala (7.2) benzer sekilde olusturulmustur. In Figure-7, cylindrical “C” bearing (7.1)-cylindrical joint (7.2) pair; Cylindrical “C” bearing cylindrical axis when pushed and pulled in direction (7.9) or vice versa (7.8) and/or simultaneously (7.5) allows clockwise or counterclockwise rotation around and away from each other. they are inseparable. Cylindrical joint (7.2) cylindrical axis direction (7.5) cylindrical “C” bearing fully If they are pulled in the opposite direction, they will separate from each other. To prevent this situation, move in this direction. restrictors to prevent this can be used with this cylindrical joint system (7). (Figure-18 In this case, it is explained as the left valve (18.1) and the right valve (18.2). However, in this direction movement can be prevented by any other method.) When the leaf spring is made of composite materials, the leaf spring has front and rear eyes. The earring (2.7) will also be likened to the cylindrical “C” bed in figure-7. This composite leaf spring (10) (in figure-10) is manufactured for eye (8) (alternative winding is also seen in figure 9.) similar to cylindrical joint (7.2) has been created.
Sekil-8 de kuzey- güney sarimli göz (8) (fiber kumasi elde ve/veya makine yardimiyla anlatilacak sekilde sarilarak olusturulabilir) , patlayan bir bombanin dogal hava akisi ile mantara benzeyen seklinde oldugu gibi fiberlerin sarilmasinin olusturulma asamalari sirasiyla ilk asama (8.B), ikinci asama (8.C), üçüncü asama (8D) ve dördüncü asama (8.E) dur. (Burada anlatilan asama sayisi tamamen degisebilir. Önemli olan kuzey- güney sarimli gözü olusturmaktir.) Kuzey bölgesinde (8.K) kuzey bölgesi fiber kumasi (8.2), güney bölgesinde de (8.G) güney bölgesi fiber kumasi (8.1) bulunmaktadir. Kuzey bölgesindeki fiber kumasi güney bölgesine geçip güney bölgesi fiber kumasi haline geldigi uç noktada (8.3) (Bu nokta da kopukluk olabilir. Kuzey fiber kumasi ile güney fiber kumasi tamamen ayrik da olabilir) ilk asamada (8.B) bulunmaktadir. Ilk asamada (8.B) bulunan uç nokta (8.3) ikinci asamada (8.C) kaybolarak kuzey bölgesi fiber kumasi uç noktasi (8.5) ve güney bölgesi fiber kumasi uç noktasi olusturulur. Ikinci asamadan üçüncü asamaya geçis halindeki kuzey bölgesi fiber kumasi uç noktasi (8.7) ikinci asamada ilk olusturulan kuzey bölgesi fiber kumasi uç noktasindan (8.5) daha kuzeyde olmasiyla birlikte benzer sekilde, Ikinci asamadan üçüncü asamaya geçis halindeki güney bölgesi fiber kumasi uç noktasi (8.6) da ilk asamada olusturulan güney bölgesi fiber kumasi uç noktasindan (8.4) daha güneyde bulunmaktadir. Üçüncü asamada (8.D) ikinci asamanin sonundaki kuzey noktasi (8.7) saat yönünde kendi üzerine kivrilarak üçüncü asama kuzey bölgesi fiber kumasi uç noktasini (8.9) benzer sekilde ikinci asamanin sonunda ki güney noktasi (8.8) saat yönü tersinde kendi üzerine kivrilarak üçüncü asama güney bölgesi fiber kumasi uç noktasini (8.8) olusturur. Bu asamadan sonra gerekli miktarda (kuzey-güney sarimli gözün (8) büyüklügü ne kadar isteniyorsa) sarim yapilarak kuzey-güney sarimli göz (8) olusturulabilir. Bitmis haldeki kuzey-güney sarimli gözün merkezine (8.M) dogru kuzey bölgesi fiber kumasi (8.2) ile güney bölgesi kumasi (8.1) birlesmekte ve kuzey bölgesinde (8.K) gözün yarisi ile güney bölgesinde (8.G) bulunan parçasi arasinda sikismaktadir. Burada bulunan fiber kumasina reçine ilave edildigi zaman (kompozit malzemelerin imalatinda kullanilan bir arada tutucu reçine) bu da gözün (8) ve kompozit silindirik mafsalli yaprak yayin (10) fiziksel bütünlügünü güçlendirmektedir. görüldügü gibi gözün etrafini saran fiber kumasi göz bölgesine gelindigi zaman ikiye ayrilmaktadir. Bu durumda fiber kumaslari her ne kadar reçine ile de birbirine yapistirilsa da üst ve alt fiber kumasi yapisma birbirlerine yapisma bölgesinden ayrilabilecektir) Sekil-9 da alternatif sarim teknigi görülmektedir. Burada da sekil-8 de ki sarim teknigine benzer asamalar mevcuttur bunlar; alternatif sarim birinci asama(9.B), alternatif sarim ikinci asama(9.C) ,alternatif sarim üçüncü asama(9.D) dir. Kuzey bölgesinde(8.K); alternatif sarimli kuzey bölgesi fiber kumasi(9.2), güney bölgesinde de(8.G); alternatif sarimli güney bölgesi fiber kumasi(9.1) bulunmaktadir. Kuzey bölgesindeki fiber kumasi kuzey bölgesine geçip güney bölgesi fiber kumasi haline geldigi uç noktada (8.3) (Bu nokta da kopukluk olabilir. Kuzey fiber kumasi ile güney fiber kumasi tamamen ayrik da olabilir) ilk asamada (9.B) bulunmaktadir. Ilk asamada (9.B) bulunan uç nokta (9.3) alternatif sarim ikinci asamada (90) kuzey bölgesi fiber kumasi uç noktasi (8.5) haline gelerek saat yönün gerekli miktarda (kendi üzerine fiber kumasi sarimli göz (9) büyüklügü ne kadar isteniyorsa) sarim yapilarak kendi üzerine fiber kumasi sarimli göz (9)0Iusturulabilir. In Figure-8, the north-south winding eye (8) (fiber fabric is hand-made and/or machined). can be created by wrapping, as described with the help of Formation of coiling of fibers as in mushroom-like shape with flow first stage (8.B), second stage (8.C), third stage (8D), and fourth stage, respectively. stage (8.E). (The number of stages described here can vary completely. The important thing is that the north- is to form the south winding eye.) In the northern region (8.K), the northern region is fiber fabric (8.2), In the southern region (8.G), there is fiber fabric (8.1) in the southern region. North The fiber fabric in the region passes to the southern region and becomes the southern region fiber fabric. at the extreme (8.3) (This point may also be broken. North fiber fabric vs south fiber fabric It can also be completely separate) in the first stage (8.B). The tip in the first stage (8.B) point (8.3) disappears in the second stage (8.C), the northern region fiber fabric end point (8.5) and The southern region fiber fabric endpoint is created. Transition from the second stage to the third stage fiber fabric endpoint (8.7) of the northern region in the state of the north similarly, although the region is further north from the fiber fabric endpoint (8.5), Southern zone fiber fabric endpoint in transition from the second to the third stage The southern region formed in the first step in (8.6) is lower than the fiber fabric end point (8.4). is located in the south. In the third stage (8.D) the north point at the end of the second stage (8.7) is clockwise the third stage north region fiber fabric endpoint (8.9) similar to In the figure, the south point (8.8) at the end of the second stage is on itself counterclockwise. folded to form the third stage south region fiber fabric endpoint (8.8). This the required amount after the step (how much is the size of the north-south coiled eye (8)? If desired, a north-south winding eye (8) can be created by winding. finished north-south winding towards the center of the eye (8.M) with the northern region fiber fabric (8.2) The fabric of the southern region (8.1) merges and in the northern part (8.K) half of the eye and the south It gets stuck between the part in the region (8.G). To the fiber fabric found here when resin is added (a binder used in the manufacture of composite materials) resin) which means that the eye (8) and the composite cylindrical joint leaf spring (10) are physically strengthens its integrity. As seen, the fiber fabric surrounding the eye is divided into two when it comes to the eye area. is separating. In this case, although the fiber fabrics are glued together with resin, In addition, upper and lower fiber fabric adhesion will be able to separate from each other adhesion region) Alternative winding technique is shown in Figure-9. Here, the winding in figure-8 There are stages similar to the technique; alternating winding first stage(9.B), alternative The winding is the second stage (9.C), the alternative winding is the third stage (9.D). In the northern region (8.N); alternatively wound fiber fabric in the north (9.2), and in the south (8.G); alternative there is a winding south region fiber fabric (9.1). Fiber fabric in the northern region At the extreme point (8.3) where it passes to the north region and the south region becomes fiber fabric. There may also be a disconnection. The northern fiber fabric and the southern fiber fabric can also be completely separated) in the first stage (9.B). End point (9.3) in the first stage (9.B) alternate winding In the second stage (90), the northern region becomes the fiber fabric end point (8.5) and turns clockwise. required amount (the size of the eye (9) with fiber fabric wound on itself is desired) By winding, the fiber fabric wound eye (9)0 can be formed on itself.
Sekil-10 da kompozit silindirik mafsalli yaprak yay (10) imalatinda fiber kumas makarasindan (10.M) çikan fiber kumasi (10.F) fiber makarasindan kompozit yaprak yaya fiberin gidis yönü (103.1) dogrultusunda fiberin kompozit yaprak yaya giris noktasindan (10.G) silindirik mafsalli yaprak yayi olusturmak için giris yapar. Devaminda fiber kumasinin fiber makarasi yönündeki göze gidis yönünde (10.32) sarilarak bu yöndeki fiber sarimli gözü (10.1) olusturur. Sonrasinda fiberin, diger göze gidis yönünde(10.3.3) hareket ederek diger fiber sarimli gözü(10.1) olusturduktan sonra fiber giris noktasina dogru(10.3.4) hareket ederek çikar ,burada fiber kumasinin(10.F) hiç kesintiye ugramadan silindirik mafsali kompozit yaprak yay olusumunu tamamlamis olur. (Kesintisiz olusumun nedeni; hem kuzey-güney bölgeli fiber kumas sarimli göz (8) de ilk asamada (8.B) olan uç nokta (8.3) hem de kendi üzerine fiber kumas sarimli göz (9) de ilk asamada (9.B) olan uç nokta ugramadiklari için fiber kumas makarasindan (10.M) çikan fiber kumasi(10.F) kesintisiz olarak kompozit silindirik mafsalli yaprak yay (10) üzerindeki her iki fiber sarimli gözü(10.1) de olusturabilmektedir.) Insan iskelet sistemindeki femur kemiginin (6.2) hareketi sirasinda olusan sürtünmeyi azaltmak için asetabulum kikirdagi (6.6) ve küresel femur kemigi basi kikirdagi (6.4) bulunmaktadir. Benzer sekilde; kompozit makastaki göz bölgesinde olusturulan fiber sarimli gözlerin (10.1) silindirik “C” yatagi (7.1) içerisinde çalisirken olusan sürtünmeyi engellemek-azaltmak için kompozit silindirik mafsalli yaprak yay imalatinda “C” göz kapatilmadan önce (reçine kalip içinde kürlenmeden (donmadan) önce) yerlestirilir. Fiber fabric in the manufacture of composite cylindrical hinged leaf spring (10) in Figure-10 fiber fabric (10.F) coming out of the spool (10.M) composite leaf spring from the fiber spool from the composite leaf spring entry point of the fiber in the direction of the fiber's direction (103.1). (10.G) enters to form cylindrical jointed leaf spring. Afterwards, the fiber fabric The fiber is wound in the direction of the fiber reel direction (10.32) creates the eye (10.1). Then the fiber moves in the direction (10.3.3) to the other eye. Towards the fiber entry point (10.3.4) after forming the other fiber wound eye (10.1) it moves out, where the fiber fabric (10.F) is cylindrical without any interruption. joint completes the composite leaf spring formation. (The reason for the continuous formation; the end point in the first stage (8.B) in both the north-south region fiber fabric wound eye (8) The end point in the first stage (9.B) in both (8.3) and the eye (9) with a fiber cloth wound on itself The fiber fabric (10.F) coming out of the fiber fabric reel (10.M) Both fiber coil eyes (10.1) on the composite cylindrical joint leaf spring (10) can also be created.) Occurs during the movement of the femur bone (6.2) in the human skeletal system. acetabular cartilage (6.6) and spherical femoral head cartilage to reduce friction (6.4) exists. Similarly; fiber formed in the eye area in composite scissors the friction caused when working in the cylindrical “C” bearing (7.1) of the coiled eyes (10.1). “C” eye in the manufacture of composite cylindrical joint leaf springs to prevent-reduce before it is closed (before the resin cures (freezes) in the mold).
Kompozit silindirik mafsalli yaprak yay (10) imalati bitip kalip (10.2) (10.3) içerisinden çikartildigi zaman “C” göz koruyuculari (10.4) fiber sarimli gözlerin üzerinde (10.1) yapisik bir sekilde (kompozit yaprak yayi hasara ugratmadan sökülemeyecek sekilde) bir bütün olarak bulunmaktadir. Composite cylindrical hinged leaf spring (10) production is finished and it is removed from the mold (10.2) (10.3). “C” eye protectors (10.4) adhered to the fiber wound eyes (10.1) when removed somehow (so that the composite leaf spring cannot be removed without damaging it) as a whole. exists as.
Imalat sirasinda kompozit silindirik mafsalli yaprak yay genisligi(10.V) fiber kumas genisligi(10.FG) ile ilgilidir. Bir seferde birden fazla adette kompozit silindirik mafsalli yaprak yay (10) imalati yapilacagi zaman toplam genislik kadar fiber kumas genisligi (10.FG) belirlenerek bir seferde toplam genislik kadar genislikte kompozit yaprak yay (10)sarilir ve göz koruyucu genisligi (10.C) toplam genislikle benzer olacak sekilde fiber sarimli gözler (10.1) üzerine yerlestirilip kalip genisligi (10.K) uygun sekilde ayarlandiktan sonra imalat yapilir. Kisaca, fiber kumas genisligi (10.FG), kalip genisligi (10.K), Göz koruyucu genisligi (10.C), kompozit silindirik mafsalli yaprak yay genisligi (10.V) arasinda bir matematiksel- ölçüsel iliski vardir. Bu iliski sayesinde (ekmek dilimler gibi) istenilen adette kompozit silindirik mafsalli yaprak yay (10) boyuna kesilerek olusturulabilir. koruyucu (10.4) olarak sekil-11 de; Sürtünme hasari azaltici “C" göz koruyucu (11.1) ile birlikte sok emici malzemeli sürtünme hasari azaltici “C” göz koruyucu (11.2) görülmektedir. Her iki koruyucu da (11.1) (11.2) pürüzlü iç yüzeye (11.1.P) sahiptir. Composite cylindrical joint leaf spring width (10.V) fiber fabric during manufacturing It is related to the width (10.FG). Multiple composite cylindrical hinged sheets at a time When the spring (10) is to be manufactured, the fiber fabric width (10.FG) is equal to the total width. The composite leaf spring (10) is wound in a width equal to the total width at one time, and fiber-wound eyes so that the width of the eye shield (10.C) is similar to the overall width After placing it on (10.1) and adjusting the mold width (10.K) appropriately, manufacturing makes. In short, fiber fabric width (10.FG), mold width (10.K), Eye protection width (10.C) is a mathematical relationship between the leaf spring width (10.V) with composite cylindrical joint. There is a dimensional relationship. Thanks to this relationship (such as bread slices), the desired number of composites The cylindrical hinged leaf spring (10) can be formed by cutting it to length. as a preservative (10.4) in figure-11; With friction damage reduction “C” eye protection (11.1) friction damage reducing “C” eye protection with shock absorbing material (11.2) is seen. Both protectors (11.1) (11.2) have a rough inner surface (11.1.P).
Sekil-12 de imalati bitmis halde; Kuzey-güney bölgeli fiber kumas sarimli göz (8) üzerine sürtünme hasari azaltici “C” göz koruyucu (11.1) yerlestirilmis ve reçine (12.1) ile birlikte bir bütün halde silindirik mafsala (7.2) benzer hale gelmistir. In Figure-12, the production is finished; North-south region fiber fabric wound eye (8) A “C” eye protection (11.1) is placed on it to reduce the friction damage and is made of resin (12.1). together it becomes similar to the cylindrical joint (7.2) as a whole.
Benzer durum sekil-12 de imalati bitmis halde, Kuzey-güney bölgeli fiber kumas sarimli göz (8) üzerine sok emici malzemeli sürtünme hasari azaltici" C” göz koruyucu (1 1.2) yerlestirilmis ve reçine (12.1) ile birlikte bir bütün halde silindirik mafsala (7.2) benzer hale gelmistir. A similar situation is seen in figure-12, with the fiber fabric in the north-south region being finished. "C" eye protection with shock absorbing material on the wrap-around eye (8) to reduce friction damage (1 1.2) inserted and together with resin (12.1) resembles a cylindrical joint (7.2) as a whole has become.
Her iki tip göz koruyucuda (11.1) (11.2) bulunan pürüzlü iç yüzey (11.1.P) reçine (12.1) tarafindan tam olarak dolduruldugu için sürtünme hasari göz koruyucular (11.1) (11.2) sekil-11 ve sekil-12 de bulundugu yere sabitlenmesini ve çikmamasini saglar. The rough inner surface (11.1.P) of the resin in both types of eye protectors (11.1) (11.2) Friction damage eye protectors (11.1) as they are fully filled by (12.1) (11.2) ensures that it is fixed in its place in figure-11 and figure-12 and does not come off.
Sadece, Sok emici malzemeli sürtünme hasari azaltici “C” göz koruyucu (11.2) iç içe iki “C” parçasi(11.3)(11.4) arasinda sok emici malzeme bulunmaktadir( Dis “C” koruyucu parçasi(11.3) iç“C” parçasi(11.4) ve sok emici ara malzeme(11.D) bir bütün dür. Only wear damage-reducing “C” eye protection (11.2) interior with Sok-absorbent material. There is a shock absorbing material between the two "C" parts(11.3)(11.4)( Outer "C" protective part (11.3), inner“C” part (11.4) and shock absorbing intermediate material (11.D) are a whole.
Teknigin bilinen durumunda kauçuk malzemeli burçlara neden ihtiyaç duyuldugu anlatilmistir. Benzer sebeplerle sok emici malzeme kullanilmistir.) arasinda sok emici malzeme (11.D) bulundurmaktadir.) Kompozit makas (10) sekil-15 de silindirik “C” yatakli sabit küpe (15) içerisine öncelikle sok emici malzemeli “C” burç (14) yerlestirilerek civatalar (15.1), silindirik “C” yatakli küpe üzerinde olan deliklerden (15.2) geçirilerek sok emici malzemeli “C” burç üzerindeki Civata deliklerine (14.3) vidalanir. Böylelikle burç (14) sabit küpe (15) içerisinde sabitlenmis olur Sabitlenme olduktan sonra sürtünme hasari azaltici “C” göz koruyuculu kompozit yaprak yay silindirik mafsali (12) burç içerisine sekil-7 deki gibi silindirik eksen (7.5) de hareket ettirilerek takilir. (Burç (14) istendigi zaman takilmadan da silindirik mafsal kullanilabilir.) Sekil-16 da Sürtünme hasari azaltici ve sok emici özellikli malzemeli “C” göz koruyuculu kompozit yaprak yay silindirik mafsali (13) silindirik “C” yatakli sabit küpeye takilacagi zaman ayrica sok emici malzemeli “C” burç (14) sekil-15 deki gibi takilmasina gerek yoktur. Çünkü zaten göz (13) kendi üzerinde sok emici malzemeyi imalat sirasinda takilan sok emici malzemeli sürtünme hasari azaltici” C” göz koruyucu (11.2) tarafindan saglanmaktadir. Why is rubber material bushings needed in the state of the art? has been explained. Shock absorbing material is used for similar reasons.) It contains shock absorbing material (11.D) between The composite scissors (10) are inserted into the cylindrical “C” bearing fixed earring (15) in figure-15. First of all, the “C” bushing (14) with shock absorbing material is placed and the bolts (15.1), cylindrical “C” “C” bushing with shock absorbing material by passing through the holes (15.2) on the bearing earring. It is screwed into the bolt holes (14.3) on the Thus, the bushing (14) is inside the fixed earring (15). will be fixed After fixation, friction damage reduction “C” eye protection The composite leaf spring cylindrical joint (12) is inserted into the bush, as in figure-7, with the cylindrical axis. (7.5) is attached by moving it. (Cylindrical joint without bushing (14) can be used.) “C” eyelet with friction damage reducing and shock absorbing material in Figure-16 guarded composite leaf spring cylindrical joint (13) to cylindrical “C” bearing fixed earring When it is to be attached, it is also necessary to attach the “C” bush (14) with shock absorbing material as in figure-15. There is no need. Because the eye (13) already has the shock absorbing material on itself during manufacturing. by the shock-absorbing material friction damage-reducing “C” eye shield (11.2) fitted is provided.
Teknigin bilinen durumunda bahsedilen hareketli küpe (2.4)ye benzer ancak hareketli küpe göz kismi(2.4.1) yerine, Sekil-17 de hareketli küpe silindirik “C” yatagi(17.1) bulunan silindirik “C” yatakli hareketli küpe(17) ye kompozit silindirik mafsalli yaprak yay (10) takilabilir.(Silindirik mafsalli kompozit yaprak yay (10) silindirik “C” yatakli sabit küpeye(15) takilirken kullanilan sok emici malzemeli “C” burç(14) benzer sekilde silindirik montaj teknikleri silindirik “C” yatakli hareketli küpe (17) içinde benzerdir.) Tek gözlü veya bir gözü eski tip te olan yaprak yaylar için sabit (15) ve hareketli(17) küpeler ayni anda veya ayri ayri bulunabilir. It is similar to the movable earring (2.4) mentioned in the state of the art, but Instead of the movable ear piece (2.4.1), Figure-17 shows the cylindrical “C” bearing (17.1) for the movable earring. cylindrical “C” bearing movable earring (17) and composite cylindrical joint leaf spring (10) can be attached. (Composite leaf spring with cylindrical joint (10) fixed with cylindrical “C” bearing The “C” bushing (14) with shock absorbing material used when attaching to the earring (15) is similarly cylindrical. mounting techniques are similar for the cylindrical “C” bearing movable earring (17).) Single chamber or For leaf springs with one eye of the old type, fixed (15) and movable (17) earrings can be used at the same time or can be found separately.
Sekil-19 ve Sekil-20 de teknigin bilinen durumunda anlatildigi gibi ;(sekiI-4 ve sekil- deki yaprak yayin (2.5) aldigi konum) araç yolda giderken tekerlek (2.3) yoldaki herhangi bir çukur ile karsilastiginda tekerlegin asagi yönündeki (4.1) hareketinde silindirik “C” yatakli hareketli küpe (17) arka sabit küpe mafsal civatasi (3.4) etrafinda saat yönünde dönerek silindirik mafsalli kompozit yaprak yayin (10) büzülerek Sekil-19 daki halini almasini saglar. Ayni zamanda silindirik “C” yatakli sabit küpe (12) içerisindeki fiber kumas sarimli kompozit ön silindirik mafsalli göz (19.1) silindirik eksen etrafinda (7.5) saat yönünde dönebilmekle birlikte hareketli küpe silindirik “C” yatagi (17.1) içerisindeki fiber kumas sarimli kompozit arka silindirik mafsalli göz(19.2) hareketli küpe“C” yatagina(17.1) göre silindirik eksen(7.5) etrafinda saat yönü tersinde dönmektedir. As explained in Figure-19 and Figure-20 in the state of the art; (Figure I-4 and Figure- the leaf spring (2.5) in cylindrical “C” in the downward movement of the wheel (4.1) when it encounters a pit bearing movable earring (17) clockwise around the rear fixed earring knuckle bolt (3.4) By turning, the cylindrical hinged composite leaf spring (10) is contracted to form in Figure-19. they get it. At the same time, the fiber fabric inside the cylindrical “C” bearing fixed earring (12) wound composite front cylindrical joint eye (19.1) around cylindrical axis (7.5) hours the fiber inside the cylindrical “C” bearing (17.1) of the movable earring, although fabric-wrapped composite rear cylindrical hinged eye(19.2) movable earring on “C” bed(17.1) rotates counterclockwise around the cylindrical axis (7.5).
Sekil-20 de araç yolda giderken tekerlek (2.3) yoldaki herhangi bir tümsek ile karsilastiginda tekerlegin yukari yönündeki (5.1) hareketinde silindirik “C" yatakli hareketli küpe (17) arka sabit küpe mafsal civatasi (3.4) etrafinda saatin tersi yönünde dönerek silindirik mafsalli kompozit yaprak yayin (10) uzayarak Sekil-20'deki halini almasini saglar. In Figure-20, while the vehicle is on the road, the wheel (2.3) is not affected by any bumps on the road. cylindrical “C” bearing movable in the upward movement of the wheel (5.1) the earring (17) rotates counterclockwise around the rear fixed earring knuckle bolt (3.4). cylindrical hinged composite leaf spring (10) elongates, allowing it to take its shape in Figure-20.
Ayni zamanda silindirik “C” yatakli sabit küpe (12) içerisindeki fiber kumas sarimli kompozit ön silindirik mafsalli göz (19.1) silindirik eksen etrafinda (7.5) saatin tersi yönünde dönebilmekle birlikte hareketli küpe silindirik “C” yatagi (17.1) içerisindeki fiber kumas sarimli kompozit arka silindirik mafsalli göz (19.2) hareketli küpe“C” yatagina(17.1) göre silindirik eksen(7.5) etrafinda saat yönünde dönmektedir. Böylelikle olusturulan silindirik mafsalli kompozit yaprak yay (10) teknigin bilinen durumunda anlatilan yaprak yay çalisma mantigini tamamen karsilamis olur. At the same time, fiber fabric wound composite in the cylindrical “C” bearing fixed earring (12) front cylindrical joint eye (19.1) counterclockwise around the cylindrical axis (7.5) fiber fabric inside the cylindrical “C” bearing (17.1) of the movable earring coiled composite rear cylindrical hinged eye (19.2) relative to bearing “C” (17.1) rotates clockwise around the cylindrical axis (7.5). Thus, the cylindrical articulated composite leaf spring (10) it completely meets the logic.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TR2017/05992A TR201705992A2 (en) | 2017-04-23 | 2017-04-23 | COMPOSITE LEAF SPRING EYE DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING METHOD |
| PCT/TR2018/050132 WO2019040020A2 (en) | 2017-04-23 | 2018-04-02 | Composite leaf spring eye design and production method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TR2017/05992A TR201705992A2 (en) | 2017-04-23 | 2017-04-23 | COMPOSITE LEAF SPRING EYE DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING METHOD |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TR201705992A2 true TR201705992A2 (en) | 2017-10-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TR2017/05992A TR201705992A2 (en) | 2017-04-23 | 2017-04-23 | COMPOSITE LEAF SPRING EYE DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING METHOD |
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| Country | Link |
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| TR (1) | TR201705992A2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2019040020A2 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102018219907A1 (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2020-01-09 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Leaf spring suspension |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2709581A (en) * | 1953-01-26 | 1955-05-31 | John A Roehrig | Vehicle spring suspension |
| BR8505534A (en) * | 1984-03-02 | 1986-02-18 | Isosport Verbundbauteile | PROCESS TO PRODUCE A PLASTIC LAMELLAR SPRING, PROPERLY MANUFACTURED ACCORDING TO THIS PROCESS |
| BR112017027788A2 (en) * | 2015-06-22 | 2018-08-28 | Hendrickson Usa Llc | composite suspension components |
-
2017
- 2017-04-23 TR TR2017/05992A patent/TR201705992A2/en unknown
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| WO2019040020A9 (en) | 2019-05-31 |
| WO2019040020A2 (en) | 2019-02-28 |
| WO2019040020A3 (en) | 2019-05-02 |
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