SU649335A3 - Electrostatographic developer - Google Patents
Electrostatographic developerInfo
- Publication number
- SU649335A3 SU649335A3 SU752107234A SU2107234A SU649335A3 SU 649335 A3 SU649335 A3 SU 649335A3 SU 752107234 A SU752107234 A SU 752107234A SU 2107234 A SU2107234 A SU 2107234A SU 649335 A3 SU649335 A3 SU 649335A3
- Authority
- SU
- USSR - Soviet Union
- Prior art keywords
- toner
- drum
- carrier
- developer
- electrostatographic developer
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08702—Binders for toner particles comprising macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- G03G9/08713—Polyvinylhalogenides
- G03G9/08715—Polyvinylhalogenides containing chlorine, bromine or iodine
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08702—Binders for toner particles comprising macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- G03G9/08713—Polyvinylhalogenides
- G03G9/08715—Polyvinylhalogenides containing chlorine, bromine or iodine
- G03G9/08717—Polyvinylchloride
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/09—Colouring agents for toner particles
- G03G9/0906—Organic dyes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/097—Plasticisers; Charge controlling agents
- G03G9/09708—Inorganic compounds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/097—Plasticisers; Charge controlling agents
- G03G9/09708—Inorganic compounds
- G03G9/09725—Silicon-oxides; Silicates
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/10—Developers with toner particles characterised by carrier particles
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
Description
Изобретеине относнгс к элекгросга тографическим про вител м, Иавестен элекгростагографическйй про вигелгь, содержащий носигепь, тонко- идалельчевный гонер и присадку- гидрофобный силикагепь l . Прзилнпание зерен носител к электро статическому барабану способствует образованию на поверхносги глубоких цара mtH во врем перевода изображени и очистки барабана. Крупные зерна носите л прил пают к поверхности и происходи стирание печати. С целью повышени эффективности и качества про влени , электростатографический про витель дополнительно содержит полимерную присадку на оснсже пс и ви шши денфтори да, Эпекгростатогрвфический про витель содержит носитель, тонкоизмельченный тонер, присадку-гидрофобный силикагель и полимерную присадку на основе попнвинилиденфторида . Тонеры составов могут примен тьс дп про влени электростатических иаображевий на любой подход щей дл поверхности, включав обычные фотопрово дшаие поверхности. Пример, Селеновый барабан автоматической копировальной машины зар жаетс коронным разр дом до п,оложительного напр жени около SCO В к экспонируетс под черно-белым оригиналом дл образовани электростатическо- ГО скрытого изображени . Контрольный про витель, состоит из 1 вес,ч, тонера, имеющего величину критического поверхностного нат жени сжоло ЗО дин/см, и содержит сополимер стирол-бутИл метакрилат , около 10 вес,% сажи н около 1ОО ч зерен носител со стальной серпцевиной . Средн крупность частиц около 1О мкм, а зерен носители - около 450 мкм. После про влени электростат ческо14} скрытого изображени на стаипик про64 ЯЕвлени полученное нэображение было перевеаено на лисг бумаги на сганцнн аеревода. Частицы гонера, оставшиес на селеновом барабанов после прохода через сганиик) перевода, были удалены очишак пим ножом, сосго шим на пр моугольной полосы толщиной S-32 иэ полиуретанового эластомера, именлцей пру жиншций край, скощенный к фоторецепгорной поверхносгн Задн поверхность очтцающего ножа образует острый угол 22 с линией Тангенса, проход щей через пинкю контакта ножа. К ножу прикладываетс давление, достаточное дл максимального удалени часгнц тонера с поверхиосги барабана. Поверхность барабана вращаетс со скоростью около 1О дю мов в 1 сек (1 ,4 мм) под очи шаюшим ножом и получаетс 500 копий. После получени нескольких копий исследуетс их качество и услови на барабане . Копии, полученные вначале и перед окончанием испытани отличались больши фоном, полосами и неравномерной плотностью изображений. Большие участки были покрыты непрерывной плейкой тонера и местакш пс осами и царапинами. Были измерены электричесше свойства барабана, и найдено, что они беспор дочны впол|9 поверхности: вследствие отложений тонера и царапин. Приме р 2. Аналогичен примеру 1, но к ЮОвес. частиц тонера .добавл ют 1 вес,ч. частиц поливинадиденфторида и рес.ч. гидрофобного кремнезема. Частицы поливишшиденфториаа . Имеют сферическую форм к пределы крупности от О,3 до 0,4 мкм 54 Твердость по Шору (AST МО 67 6) 6О-70 (по Роквеллу 80-95), Кремнезем - Аэросил R 972, Барабан, примен вшийс в примере 1, замен ют другим. После 500 циклов ис следуют качество копий, услови на барабане и частицы носител . ИЬпии, полученные во врем испытаний , отличались высоким качеством печаги и почти отсутствием фоновых огложений тонера. При измерении электрических свойств барабана найдено, чго реагирование бьшо почти одинаковым перед испытанием и после испытани . На поверхности барабана не было обнаружено признаков образовани пленки тонера, полос и царапин. После долговременного применени грибоэлектрические свойства ксерографически были более сильными, чем у образца без кремнезема. Выражение материал носител включает ,элекгроскопический тонерный материал или комбинацию тонерного магериала и материала носител К тонеру или носителю могут также добавл тьс другиематериалы дл сенсибилизации и синергизации. Форму лай зобретенй Эпектростатографический про витель, содержащий носитель, тонкоизмепьченный тонер и присадку-гидрофобный силикагель, отличающийс гем, что, с целью повышени , эффективности и качества про влени , он дополнительно содержит полимерную присадку : на основе поливинипнденфторида . Источники информации, прин тые во внимание при экспертизе 1. Патент США / 3788994, кл. G| 03 ( 9/00, 1974.Invention with respect to elekgrosga tograficheskimi m m, Iavesten elektrogrostaogograficheskii proiggelg, containing nosigep, fine and remote goner and additive - hydrophobic silica gel l. The application of carrier grains to an electrostatic drum promotes the formation of deep mtH on the surface during image transfer and drum cleaning. Large grains are carried and applied to the surface and print erasure occurs. In order to increase the efficiency and quality of the development, electrostatic developer additionally contains a polymeric additive based on PS and deformation of fluorine and EpecGrostatogravichesky developer contains a carrier, finely divided toner, an additive-hydrophobic silica gel and a polymeric additive based on popnvinylidene fluoride. Toners of formulations can be applied by dp manifestations of electrostatic images on any suitable surface, including conventional photoconductive surfaces. Example: The selenium drum of an automatic copying machine is corona-charged to a positive voltage of about SCO B to be exposed under the black-and-white original to form an electrostatic latent image. The control developer consists of 1 weight, h, toner, which has a critical surface tension value of 30 dyne / cm, and contains styrene-butyl methacrylate copolymer, about 10% by weight, carbon black, and about 1OO h of carrier grains with steel core. The average particle size is about 1O microns, and the carrier grains are about 450 microns. After the electrostatic display 14} of the latent image was developed, the resulting image was transferred to a paper sheet on a stationary market. The goner particles, remaining on the selenium drums after passing through the organics transfer, were removed by a knife with a knife, which was attached to a rectangular strip with a thickness of S-32 and a polyurethane elastomer, forming a sharp edge along the spring of presses on the photoreceptor surface. 22 with the Tangent line passing through the pink of the knife contact. A sufficient pressure is applied to the knife to maximize the removal of toner from the surface of the drum. The surface of the drum rotates at a speed of about 1O dyms per second (1, 4 mm) under the eye of a dagger and 500 copies are obtained. After receiving several copies, the quality and condition of the drum is examined. The copies obtained at the beginning and before the end of the test were distinguished by a large background, stripes and uneven image density. Large areas were covered with a continuous play of toner and places ps wasps and scratches. The electrical properties of the drum were measured, and it was found that they were completely disordered on the surface: due to toner deposits and scratches. Apply p 2. Similar to example 1, but to YuOves. toner particles. add 1 weight, h. polyvinylide fluoride particles and res.ch. hydrophobic silica. Polyvishfluoride particles. They have spherical shapes to the size range from O, 3 to 0.4 µm 54 Shore hardness (AST MO 67 6) 6О-70 (Rockwell 80-95), Silica - Aerosil R 972, Drum, used in Example 1, replaced by another. After 500 cycles, the quality of the copies, the conditions on the drum and the carrier particles are examined. The effects obtained during the tests were characterized by a high quality of the pegs, and almost no background deposits of toner. When measuring the electrical properties of the drum, it was found that the response was almost the same before the test and after the test. No signs of toner film formation, streaks or scratches were found on the surface of the drum. After long-term use, the mushroomelectric properties were xerographically stronger than that of the sample without silica. Expression carrier material includes an electrophotoscopic toner material or a combination of a toner material and carrier material Other materials for sensitization and synergization can also be added to the toner or carrier. Shape of the barriers Epectrostatic developer containing a carrier, fine toner and a hydrophobic silica gel, which differs in heme, which, in order to increase its effectiveness and quality, it additionally contains a polymeric additive: based on polyvinyl fluxide. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. US patent / 3788994, cl. G | 03 (9/00, 1974).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US445389A US3900588A (en) | 1974-02-25 | 1974-02-25 | Non-filming dual additive developer |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
SU649335A3 true SU649335A3 (en) | 1979-02-25 |
Family
ID=23768711
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
SU752107234A SU649335A3 (en) | 1974-02-25 | 1975-02-24 | Electrostatographic developer |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3900588A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS50120631A (en) |
BE (1) | BE825924A (en) |
BR (1) | BR7500546A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1054838A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2502659C3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES435074A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2262336B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1494360A (en) |
IT (1) | IT1031952B (en) |
NL (1) | NL179946C (en) |
SE (1) | SE401567B (en) |
SU (1) | SU649335A3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (61)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3977871A (en) * | 1975-08-15 | 1976-08-31 | International Business Machines Corporation | Electrophotographic developer with fibers of polytetrafluoroethylene |
JPS5246820A (en) * | 1975-10-13 | 1977-04-14 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Developers for xerography |
US4164476A (en) * | 1976-06-09 | 1979-08-14 | Konishiroku Photo Industry Co. Ltd. | Developer for latent electrostatic image and process for preparation thereof |
JPS53128339A (en) * | 1977-04-15 | 1978-11-09 | Canon Inc | Toner for electric latent image |
FR2436423A1 (en) * | 1978-09-12 | 1980-04-11 | Cii Honeywell Bull | POWDER FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF LATENT IMAGES AND ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD |
JPS55157755A (en) * | 1979-05-28 | 1980-12-08 | Canon Inc | Developing method |
JPS5662256A (en) * | 1979-10-24 | 1981-05-28 | Minolta Camera Co Ltd | Electrophotographic developer and developing method |
US4256818A (en) * | 1979-11-05 | 1981-03-17 | Xerox Corporation | Magnetic or electrostatographic imaging and high speed fusing method uses polyamide resin in toner |
US4272600A (en) * | 1980-01-07 | 1981-06-09 | Xerox Corporation | Magnetic toners containing cubical magnetite |
FR2478839B1 (en) * | 1980-03-20 | 1987-07-17 | Bull Sa | POWDER FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF LATENT IMAGES AND ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD |
JPS58132757A (en) * | 1982-02-03 | 1983-08-08 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | Electrostatic image developer and image formation method |
JPS58205160A (en) * | 1982-05-25 | 1983-11-30 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | Electrostatic image developer and image forming method |
US4468445A (en) * | 1983-01-31 | 1984-08-28 | Kelly Paul P | Electrophotographic mixture containing toner particles and coated carrier particles |
US4626487A (en) * | 1983-08-03 | 1986-12-02 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Particulate developer containing inorganic scraper particles and image forming method using the same |
JPS60136755A (en) * | 1983-12-26 | 1985-07-20 | Minolta Camera Co Ltd | Dry type developer for electrostatic latent image developing |
US4666813A (en) * | 1985-01-08 | 1987-05-19 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Developer for developing electrostatic latent images contains vinylidene fluoride polymer |
US4647522A (en) * | 1985-01-14 | 1987-03-03 | Xerox Corporation | Toner compositions containing certain cleaning additives |
US4764448A (en) * | 1985-04-05 | 1988-08-16 | Mitsubishi Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Amorphous silicon hydride photoreceptors for electrophotography, process for the preparation thereof, and method of use |
US5064715A (en) * | 1986-11-12 | 1991-11-12 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Dielectric coating for recording member containing hydrophobic silica |
US4788123A (en) * | 1987-06-08 | 1988-11-29 | Xerox Corporation | Process for minimizing image de-enhancement in flash fusing systems |
US5041351A (en) * | 1988-03-30 | 1991-08-20 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | One component developer for developing electrostatic image and image forming method |
US5143811A (en) * | 1989-10-16 | 1992-09-01 | Mita Industrial Co., Ltd. | Toner composition for developing an electrostatic latent image and an image-forming method using the same |
JPH041772A (en) * | 1990-04-19 | 1992-01-07 | Toshiba Corp | Lubricant for image forming device |
US5238769A (en) * | 1991-08-01 | 1993-08-24 | Xerox Corporation | Magnetic brush cleaning processes |
TW249196B (en) * | 1993-07-23 | 1995-06-11 | James L Throneburg | |
US5335517A (en) * | 1993-07-23 | 1994-08-09 | James L. Throneburg | Anatomical isotonic sock and method of knitting the same |
US5504559A (en) * | 1993-08-30 | 1996-04-02 | Minolta Co., Ltd. | Method for image formation |
US6190814B1 (en) * | 1994-04-28 | 2001-02-20 | Xerox Corporation | Modified silica particles |
US5489497A (en) * | 1994-09-01 | 1996-02-06 | Xerox Corporation | Magnetic toner compositions with surface additives |
US5482805A (en) * | 1994-10-31 | 1996-01-09 | Xerox Corporation | Magnetic toner compositions with aluminum oxide, strontium titanate and polyvinylidene fluoride |
US5486443A (en) * | 1994-10-31 | 1996-01-23 | Xerox Corporation | Magnetic toner compositions with silica, strontium titanate and polyvinylidene fluoride |
US5670289A (en) * | 1995-05-26 | 1997-09-23 | Xerox Corporation | Method of using scavengeless developer compositions |
US5622806A (en) * | 1995-12-21 | 1997-04-22 | Xerox Corporation | Toner aggregation processes |
US5691097A (en) * | 1996-11-01 | 1997-11-25 | Xerox Corporation | Toner compositions |
US5716752A (en) * | 1997-04-17 | 1998-02-10 | Xerox Corporation | Method of making toner compositions |
US5763132A (en) * | 1997-04-17 | 1998-06-09 | Xerox Corporation | Toner compositions |
US5916722A (en) * | 1998-02-05 | 1999-06-29 | Xerox Corporation | Toner compositions |
US5948583A (en) * | 1998-04-13 | 1999-09-07 | Xerox Corp | Toner composition and processes thereof |
US6103440A (en) * | 1998-05-04 | 2000-08-15 | Xerox Corporation | Toner composition and processes thereof |
US6214507B1 (en) | 1998-08-11 | 2001-04-10 | Xerox Corporation | Toner compositions |
US6004714A (en) * | 1998-08-11 | 1999-12-21 | Xerox Corporation | Toner compositions |
US6190815B1 (en) | 1998-08-11 | 2001-02-20 | Xerox Corporation | Toner compositions |
US6017668A (en) * | 1999-05-26 | 2000-01-25 | Xerox Corporation | Toner compositions |
US6087059A (en) * | 1999-06-28 | 2000-07-11 | Xerox Corporation | Toner and developer compositions |
USH1889H (en) * | 1999-10-12 | 2000-10-03 | Xerox Corporation | Toner compositions |
US6203963B1 (en) | 2000-03-15 | 2001-03-20 | Xerox Corporation | Particulate surface treatment process |
US6203960B1 (en) | 2000-08-22 | 2001-03-20 | Xerox Corporation | Toner compositions |
US6420078B1 (en) | 2000-12-28 | 2002-07-16 | Xerox Corporation | Toner compositions with surface additives |
US6566025B1 (en) | 2002-01-16 | 2003-05-20 | Xerox Corporation | Polymeric particles as external toner additives |
JP3778890B2 (en) * | 2002-11-12 | 2006-05-24 | 東洋インキ製造株式会社 | Electrostatic charge image developer and image forming method |
US7618757B2 (en) * | 2005-05-11 | 2009-11-17 | Xerox Corporation | Imaging member having first and second charge transport layers |
US7563549B2 (en) * | 2005-05-20 | 2009-07-21 | Xerox Corporation | Imaging member |
US7439002B2 (en) * | 2005-07-12 | 2008-10-21 | Xerox Corporation | Imaging members |
US7632617B2 (en) * | 2005-07-19 | 2009-12-15 | Xerox Corporation | Silane-phenol compound, overcoat formulation, and electrophotographic imaging member |
US7470493B2 (en) * | 2005-07-19 | 2008-12-30 | Xerox Corporation | Imaging member |
US7472495B2 (en) | 2006-02-08 | 2009-01-06 | Jack Milbourn | Postural corrective ankle stabilizing insole |
US20080070146A1 (en) | 2006-09-15 | 2008-03-20 | Cabot Corporation | Hydrophobic-treated metal oxide |
US8455165B2 (en) * | 2006-09-15 | 2013-06-04 | Cabot Corporation | Cyclic-treated metal oxide |
US8435474B2 (en) | 2006-09-15 | 2013-05-07 | Cabot Corporation | Surface-treated metal oxide particles |
JP5773664B2 (en) * | 2011-01-27 | 2015-09-02 | キヤノン株式会社 | Image forming method and image forming apparatus |
US20150024317A1 (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2015-01-22 | Stratasys, Inc. | High-Performance Consumable Materials for Electrophotography-Based Additive Manufacturing |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA565006A (en) * | 1954-12-23 | 1958-10-21 | The Battelle Development Corporation | Tripartite developer for electrostatic images |
US3041169A (en) * | 1958-03-28 | 1962-06-26 | Rca Corp | Reversal type electrostatic developer powder |
NL267570A (en) * | 1960-07-27 | |||
US3781207A (en) * | 1968-12-18 | 1973-12-25 | Continental Can Co | Developer mixture for electrostatic printing |
US3743682A (en) * | 1970-02-02 | 1973-07-03 | Ibm | An electrophotographic developer composition containing boron nitride |
US3720617A (en) * | 1970-05-20 | 1973-03-13 | Xerox Corp | An electrostatic developer containing modified silicon dioxide particles |
BE789988A (en) * | 1971-10-12 | 1973-04-12 | Xerox Corp | COMPOSITION OF DEVELOPER AND METHOD FOR ITS USE |
-
1974
- 1974-02-25 US US445389A patent/US3900588A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1974-12-31 CA CA217,164A patent/CA1054838A/en not_active Expired
-
1975
- 1975-01-23 DE DE2502659A patent/DE2502659C3/en not_active Expired
- 1975-01-27 NL NLAANVRAGE7500938,A patent/NL179946C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-01-28 BR BR546/75A patent/BR7500546A/en unknown
- 1975-02-06 GB GB5116/75A patent/GB1494360A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-02-18 SE SE7501782A patent/SE401567B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-02-18 JP JP50020300A patent/JPS50120631A/ja active Pending
- 1975-02-20 FR FR7505307A patent/FR2262336B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1975-02-21 IT IT20528/75A patent/IT1031952B/en active
- 1975-02-24 SU SU752107234A patent/SU649335A3/en active
- 1975-02-25 BE BE153685A patent/BE825924A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-02-25 ES ES435074A patent/ES435074A1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IT1031952B (en) | 1979-05-10 |
DE2502659C3 (en) | 1980-02-28 |
CA1054838A (en) | 1979-05-22 |
AU7831275A (en) | 1976-08-19 |
GB1494360A (en) | 1977-12-07 |
NL179946C (en) | 1986-12-01 |
NL179946B (en) | 1986-07-01 |
JPS50120631A (en) | 1975-09-22 |
FR2262336B1 (en) | 1978-07-21 |
DE2502659B2 (en) | 1979-06-28 |
SE7501782L (en) | 1975-08-26 |
DE2502659A1 (en) | 1975-08-28 |
NL7500938A (en) | 1975-04-29 |
FR2262336A1 (en) | 1975-09-19 |
ES435074A1 (en) | 1977-04-16 |
US3900588A (en) | 1975-08-19 |
BR7500546A (en) | 1975-12-02 |
SE401567B (en) | 1978-05-16 |
BE825924A (en) | 1975-06-16 |
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