SK5202002A3 - Extrusible thermoplastic material and optical fibre micromodule made from same - Google Patents
Extrusible thermoplastic material and optical fibre micromodule made from same Download PDFInfo
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- SK5202002A3 SK5202002A3 SK520-2002A SK5202002A SK5202002A3 SK 5202002 A3 SK5202002 A3 SK 5202002A3 SK 5202002 A SK5202002 A SK 5202002A SK 5202002 A3 SK5202002 A3 SK 5202002A3
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- polyethylene
- vinyl acetate
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920006225 ethylene-methyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006244 ethylene-ethyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005042 ethylene-ethyl acrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002397 thermoplastic olefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QLZJUIZVJLSNDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methylidenebutanoyloxy)ethyl 2-methylidenebutanoate Chemical compound CCC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(=C)CC QLZJUIZVJLSNDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JTXMVXSTHSMVQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetyloxyethyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCCOC(C)=O JTXMVXSTHSMVQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KUDUQBURMYMBIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-prop-2-enoyloxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOC(=O)C=C KUDUQBURMYMBIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004708 Very-low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- HGVPOWOAHALJHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;methyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=C.COC(=O)C=C HGVPOWOAHALJHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005043 ethylene-methyl acrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QMMOXUPEWRXHJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent-2-ene Chemical class CCC=CC QMMOXUPEWRXHJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanamine Chemical class [SiH3]N FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001866 very low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006245 ethylene-butyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 102220047090 rs6152 Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- RLPSARLYTKXVSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethanamine Chemical compound CC(N)C1=CN=CS1 RLPSARLYTKXVSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJTZGGMVRFZKOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-(7-methyloctoxy)-6-oxohexanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O KJTZGGMVRFZKOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005498 phthalate group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical group [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003878 thermal aging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005591 trimellitate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/0807—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons only containing more than three carbon atoms
- C08L23/0815—Copolymers of ethene with aliphatic 1-olefins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/0846—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing other atoms than carbon or hydrogen atoms
- C08L23/0853—Vinylacetate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L51/06—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4479—Manufacturing methods of optical cables
- G02B6/4486—Protective covering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2300/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified polymers
- C08J2300/22—Thermoplastic resins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
- C08L2666/02—Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Oblasť technikvTechnique Area
Predkladaný vynález sa týka vytlačiteľného materiálu, ktorý umožňuje vyrábať tenké povlaky na báze olefínového polyméru. Tento materiál má zvlášť významné použitie, aj keď nie exkluzívne, pri výrobe puzdra mikromodulov optických vlákien zabudovateľných do kábla, podobného ako bol opísaný v dokumente EP-A-O-468 878, na ktorý sa odvoláva.The present invention relates to an extrudable material which makes it possible to produce thin coatings based on an olefin polymer. This material has a particularly important use, albeit not exclusively, in the manufacture of a cable embedded micro-module of optical fibers similar to that described in EP-A-O-468 878 to which it refers.
Doterajší stav technikvBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Pri niektorých aplikáciách, najmä pri výrobe mikromodulov zväzku potiahnutých optických vlákien vo vzájomnom kontakte, uzavretých nepriepustným gélom v držiacom vytlačenom obale, je potrebne splniť podmienky, ktoré sú do istej miery protichodné. Napríklad, často sa hľadá, najmä v prípade výroby mikromodulov súčasne:In some applications, in particular in the production of micromodules of a bundle of coated fiber optics in contact with each other, sealed by an impermeable gel in a holding extruded package, it is necessary to meet conditions that are somewhat contradictory. For example, it is often sought, especially in the case of micromodule production at the same time:
- schopnosť stlačenia na tenké povlaky - ak je to možné do 0,1 mm,- ability to compress to thin coatings - if possible up to 0,1 mm,
- kompatibilita materiálu s gélmi, ktoré obyčajne sú nepriepustné,- compatibility of the material with gels which are usually impermeable,
- dostatočná pevnosť materiálu vyrobeného vo forme tenkých povlakov, na umožnenie manipulácie počas nasledujúcich operácií bez rizika odtrhnutia,- sufficient strength of the material produced in the form of thin coatings to allow handling during subsequent operations without risk of tearing,
- nemožnosť lepenia tenkého povlaku mikromodulu na vlákna pri zahrievaní, ktoré nastáva pri zavedení vonkajšieho obalu na termoplastický materiál, ktoré je nevyhnutné pri zavedení vonkajšieho obalu na termoplastický materiál,- the inability to adhere to the fibers of the micromodule during heating, due to the introduction of the outer packaging onto the thermoplastic material, which is necessary when the outer packaging onto the thermoplastic material is introduced,
- zachovanie správnej valcovitosti počas výroby mikromodulov a montáže mikromodulov na kábel,- maintaining the correct cylindricality during micromodule production and cable assembly,
- obmedzené zmrštenie počas vytláčania puzdra na mikromoduly, a počas chladenia, kvôli vyhnutiu sa napätiam na optických vláknach,- limited shrinkage during extrusion of the micromodule housing and during cooling to avoid tensions on optical fibers,
- jednoduché farbenie materiálu, na umožnenie identifikácie mikromodulov,- simple dyeing of the material to allow identification of micromodules,
- obmedzená rozťažnosť umožňujúca ľahko odizolovať mikromoduly, na pripravenie koncovky na zapájanie vlákien, a- limited elongation allowing easy insulation of the micromodules to prepare a fiber-wiring terminal, and
-2- nakoniec vysoká odolnosť voči chemikáliám použitých počas operačných krokov na kábloch, napríklad voči čistiacemu rozpúšťadlu.Finally, high resistance to the chemicals used during the operating steps on the cables, for example to the cleaning solvent.
V prípade výroby optických káblov, niektoré z horeuvedených charakteristík sú podstatné, najmä mechanická pevnosť, vrátane počas termického starnutia a kompatibilita s nepriepustným gélom a čistiacim rozpúšťadlom, ktoré sa použilo na odstránenie gélu a nečistôt pred zapájaním koncoviek optických vlákien na konektor. Ale mechanická pevnosť je nevyhovujúca pre pohodlné použitie, pretože pevný povlak puzdra s vysokou pevnosťou v ťahu a s vysokým predĺžením pred pretrhnutím prekáža odizolovaniu mikromodulov na uvoľnenie koncoviek vlákien.In the case of fiber optic cable manufacturing, some of the above characteristics are essential, particularly mechanical strength, including during thermal aging, and compatibility with an impermeable gel and cleaning solvent that has been used to remove gel and dirt before plugging the fiber optic terminals into the connector. However, mechanical strength is unsatisfactory for convenience of use, as a solid sheath coating with high tensile strength and high elongation before rupture hinders the stripping of the micromodule to release the fiber ends.
Je už známy (GB-A-2110696) elektrický izolačný materiál na báze zmesi polymérov aspoň parciálne zosieťovaných, obsahujúcich najmä ko-polymér EVA (etylacetát alkylu) s najmenej 40 % vinylacetátu, s dostatočným obsahom anorganických prísad, na vytvorenie ohňovzdorného materiálu. Sieťovanie je určené na zvyšovanie obsahu prísady.It is already known (GB-A-2110696) an electrical insulating material based on a mixture of at least partially crosslinked polymers, comprising in particular an EVA (ethyl acetate) co-polymer with at least 40% vinyl acetate, with sufficient inorganic additives, to form a refractory material. The crosslinking is intended to increase the additive content.
Cieľom vynálezu je poskytnutie materiálu, ktorý je vytlačiteľný na tenký povlak a predstavuje kompromis medzi rôznymi výsledkami na jeho dosiahnutie.It is an object of the invention to provide a material that is extrudable to a thin coating and represents a compromise between the different results to achieve it.
Podstata vynálezuSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Podstatou vynálezu je vytlačiteľný materiál, ktorý umožňuje vytvárať tenké povlaky na báze aspoň jedného olefínového polyméru, a ktorý je vyrobený zo zmesi obsahujúcej aspoň jeden termoplastický olefínový polymér prakticky nezosieťovaný s obsah prísady v rozmedzí 25 až 65 % hmotn. vztiahnuté na zmes, pričom materiál v nerezanom stave má pevnosť v ťahu v rozmedzí 6 a 20 M Pa a predĺženie pri pretrhnutí medzí 50 a 300 %.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides an extrudable material that allows the formation of thin coatings based on at least one olefin polymer and which is made from a composition comprising at least one thermoplastic olefin polymer practically uncrosslinked with an additive content in the range of 25 to 65% by weight. based on the mixture, wherein the material in the non-rusted state has a tensile strength between 6 and 20 M Pa and an elongation at break of between 50 and 300%.
Pod pojmom „prakticky nezosieťovaný sa rozumieme komerčne dostupný polymér, ktorý nemá v podstate žiadny stupeň zosietenia a neobsahuje sieťotvorné prísady ako sú peroxidy, okrem stopových množstiev.By virtually uncrosslinked is meant a commercially available polymer which has substantially no degree of crosslinking and does not contain crosslinking agents such as peroxides, except for trace amounts.
Vďaka absencií zosieťovania sa vyhneme prítomnosti veľmi nevhodných „gélov“ počas vytlačenia na tenké povlaky, čím sa zmenší zmrštenie po stlačení, ktoré vyvoláva napätia na vláknach.Due to the absence of crosslinking, we avoid the presence of very unsuitable "gels" during extrusion onto thin coatings, thereby reducing shrinkage after compression, which causes stresses on the fibers.
Výhodná je tvrdosť materiálu v rozmedzí 35 až 55 D.A material hardness in the range of 35-55D is preferred.
-3Výber tvrdosti materiálu v Shore D viac ako 35 umožňuje, v prípade použitia materiálu na výrobu puzdra mikromodulu, zabezpečiť vyhovujúcu valcovitosť a vyhnúť sa „slamovému“ efektu, ktorý vzniká vytvorením ostrého zhybu počas ohybu potrebného pri realizácii spájania.The choice of material hardness in Shore D of more than 35 allows, when using the material to make the micromodule housing, to ensure satisfactory cylindricality and to avoid the "straw" effect that results from the sharp bending during bending needed in joining.
Vďaka obmedzenej ťažnosti najmä kvôli prítomnosti prísad, je odizolovanie dostatočné bez použitia špeciálnych prístrojov. Minimálne charakteristiky nižšie uvedené, najmä pevnosť v ťahu a predĺženie pri pretrhnutí zabraňujú nadmernej krehkosti materiálu počas manipulácie. Tieto minimálne hodnoty umožňujú manipuláciu pri výrobe kábla alebo spájania bez vysokého rizika poškodenia.Due to the limited elongation mainly due to the presence of additives, stripping is sufficient without the use of special devices. The minimum characteristics listed below, in particular tensile strength and elongation at break, prevent excessive material brittleness during handling. These minimum values allow handling during cable manufacturing or splicing without a high risk of damage.
Minimálny obsah prísady vyššie uvedenej umožňuje zmenšiť dilatáciu a zmrštenie materiálu pri teplotnej zmene, ktoré nastáva pri výrobe káblov. Prítomnosť dostatočného obsahu prísady umožní vyhnúť sa riziku prilepenia mikromodulov medzi sebou, na obalených vláknach alebo na vonkajšom obale.The minimum additive content of the above makes it possible to reduce the dilatation and shrinkage of the material during the temperature change that occurs in the cable production. The presence of sufficient additive content makes it possible to avoid the risk of the micro-modules sticking to each other, on the coated fibers or on the outer packaging.
Vo všeobecnosti budú prísady anorganické. Najmä je možne používať oxid hlinitý (hydratovaný alebo nie), kriedu, kaolín, mastenec, oxid kremičitý, hydroxid horečnatý alebo ich zmesi. Všetky tieto prísady zmenšujú ťažnosť a dilatáciu alebo zmrštenie pri teplotných zmenách. Navyše, zväčšujú termickú odolnosť a tepelnú kapacitu. Predpokladaný maximálny obsah vyššie uvedených prísad umožňuje zachovávať viskozitu na úrovni kompatibilnej s vytlačením tenkých povlakov.In general, the additives will be inorganic. In particular, it is possible to use alumina (hydrated or not), chalk, kaolin, talc, silica, magnesium hydroxide or mixtures thereof. All of these additives reduce ductility and dilatation or shrinkage during temperature changes. In addition, they increase thermal resistance and heat capacity. The anticipated maximum content of the above additives allows the viscosity to be maintained at a level compatible with the extrusion of thin coatings.
Použiteľné olefínové polyméry sú približne tie isté, ktoré sa bežne a v súčasnosti používajú. Zvlášť môžeme citovať nasledujúce produkty:The olefinic polymers that can be used are approximately the same as are currently and currently used. In particular, the following products may be cited:
- PE: polyetylény- PE: polyethylene
- PP: polypropylény- PP: polypropylene
- EPR: etylpropylény kaučuku- EPR: Ethyl propylenes of rubber
- EPDM: monomér etylpropyléndiénu- EPDM: ethylene propylenediene monomer
- EVA: kopolyméry etylén-acetát nižší alkyl (najmä vinylacetát)- EVA: ethylene acetate lower alkyl copolymers (especially vinyl acetate)
- EBA: kopolyméry etylén-akrylát nižší alkyl- EBA: ethylene acrylate lower alkyl copolymers
- EEA: etylénetylakrylát- for EEA: ethylene ethyl acrylate
- EMA: etylénmetylakrylát- for EMA: ethylene methyl acrylate
- VLDE: polyetylén s veľmi nízkou hustotou- VLDE: very low density polyethylene
- polyméry očkované akrylovou kyselinou alebo maleínanhydridompolymers grafted with acrylic acid or maleic anhydride
- PVC: polyvinylchlorid- PVC: polyvinyl chloride
-4- ich zmesi a kopolyméry.-4- mixtures and copolymers thereof.
Rôzne polyméry nie sú úplne rovnako ekvivalentné jeden druhému. Často sa používa zmes olefínových polymérov, z ktorých jeden je PE alebo PP a iné sú vybrané z iných polymérov uvedených vyššie.The different polymers are not equally equivalent to each other. Often a mixture of olefin polymers is used, one of which is PE or PP and the other selected from the other polymers listed above.
Ak druhým polymérom je EVA používa sa zlúčenina, ktorá nemá viac ako 30 % ko-monoméru vinylacetátu. EBA, EEA alebo EMA majú vlastnosti bližšie k EVA. EPR a EPDM budú použité s dostatočne vysokým obsahom etylénu, aby sa vyhlo tomu, že budú mať vlastnosti, ktoré sa blížia k vlastnostiam elastoméru.If the second polymer is EVA, a compound having no more than 30% vinyl acetate co-monomer is used. EBA, EEA or EMA have properties closer to EVA. EPR and EPDM will be used with a high enough ethylene content to avoid having properties that are close to those of the elastomer.
V prípade použitia polyméru zloženého na jednej strane z PE alebo PP a na druhej strane z kopolyméru EVA, vhodne sa použije zlúčenina, ktorá má 40 % až 80 % EVA.When using a polymer composed on the one hand of PE or PP and on the other hand of an EVA copolymer, a compound having from 40% to 80% EVA is suitably used.
Vo všeobecnosti vytlačiteľný materiál bude naviac obsahovať nízky obsah mastiva, ktorý neprekračuje niekoľko hmotnostných percent, ako sú napríklad alifatické oleje alebo ftaláty (napríklad ftalát dioktylu alebo didecylu), adipáty, trimelitáty a pod.In general, the printable material will additionally contain a low lubricant content that does not exceed several weight percent, such as aliphatic oils or phthalates (e.g., dioctyl or didecyl phthalate), adipates, trimellitates, and the like.
Ochranné produkty proti teplu alebo ultrafialovým žiareniam sú začlenené vtedy, ak sa robí opatrenie voči slnečným lúčom alebo expozícii.Protective products against heat or ultraviolet radiation are incorporated when precautions are taken against sunlight or exposure.
V niektorých prípadov sa pridáva jeden alebo viac silánov alebo aminosilánov, ako je napríklad:In some cases, one or more silanes or aminosilanes are added, such as:
- vinyltrimetoxysilán- vinyltrimethoxysilane
- aminopropylsilán- aminopropylsilane
- aminotrimetoxysilán.- aminotrimethoxysilane.
Ak sa používa trialkoxysilán, potom vyhovuje zlúčenina s menej ako 5 atómami uhlíka.When trialkoxysilane is used, a compound of less than 5 carbon atoms is suitable.
Silány posilňujú väzby medzi prísadami a polymérmi.Silanes strengthen the bond between the additives and the polymers.
Absencia sieťovacích činidiel neohrozuje, že silány budú tvoriť sieť. Navyše, v prípade použitia materiálu na výrobu puzdra optického vlákna tvorba siete nebude možná, lebo vyžadované teploty na jej tvorbu nebudú dosiahnuté pri vytlačení.The absence of crosslinking agents does not jeopardize that the silanes will form a network. Moreover, in the case of using the material for the production of the optical fiber housing, the formation of the mesh will not be possible because the required temperatures for its formation will not be reached at extrusion.
Vynález tiež poskytuje mikromodul optických vlákien zložený zo zväzku optických vlákien a puzdra, ktoré obaľuje zväzok tenkým povlakom z vytlačiteľného materiálu, kde materiál obsahuje termoplastický olefínový polymér a prísadyThe invention also provides an optical fiber micromodule comprised of a fiber optic bundle and a sheath that envelops the bundle with a thin coating of an extrudable material, wherein the material comprises a thermoplastic olefin polymer and additives
-5v rozmedzí 25 až 65 % hmotn. vztiahnuté na zmes, pričom materiál v nerezanom stave má pevnosť v ťahu 6 až 20 MPa a ťažnosť medzi 50 až 300 %.% In the range of 25 to 65 wt. based on the mixture, wherein the material in the non-rusted state has a tensile strength of 6 to 20 MPa and an elongation of between 50 and 300%.
Ako príklad, uvedieme teraz vlastnosti mnohých materiálov podľa vynálezu a súčasne porovnanie so štandardnom (porovnávacím) materiálom, ktorý sa doteraz klasicky používa na výrobu puzdra mikromodulu.By way of example, we will now present the properties of many of the materials of the invention and at the same time a comparison with the standard (comparative) material which has hitherto been traditionally used to manufacture a micromodule housing.
Prehľad obrázkov na výkreseOverview of the figures in the drawing
Obrázok znázorňuje mikromodul v deformovanom stave, ktorý je získaný stlačením vonkajšieho obalu mikromodulu.The figure shows the micromodule in a deformed state, which is obtained by pressing the outer shell of the micromodule.
Príklady uskutočnenia vynálezuDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Mikromodul sa skladá z mnohých optických vlákien 10 jednotlivo potiahnutých a vložených v puzdre J_2, ktoré musí byť ľahko roztrhnuteľné, aby umožnilo odizolovanie koncoviek vlákien za účelom zapojenia. Toto puzdro 1_2 je všeobecne vyrobené vytlačením na zväzok optických vlákien 10 pri ich ťahaní. Puzdro sa mení približne na kruhový tvar, keď zväzok vlákien vykazuje sám tiež kruh, ktorého tvar sa veľmi nelíši od vymedzenej kružnice. Puzdro obaľuje vlákna a tlačí na nich. Vo vnútri kábla, tlak mikromodulov medzi sebou môže deformovať ich prierez a doviesť ich do tvaru, ktorý je znázornený na obrázku.The micromodule consists of a plurality of optical fibers 10 individually coated and embedded in the housing 12, which must be easily torn to allow stripping of the fiber ends for wiring. This housing 12 is generally made by extruding onto a bundle of optical fibers 10 as they are pulled. The sleeve changes to approximately a circular shape when the fiber bundle itself also exhibits a circle whose shape does not differ greatly from the defined circle. The sleeve envelops and presses the fibers. Inside the cable, the pressure of the micromodule between each other can deform their cross-section and bring them into the shape shown in the figure.
Porovnávací materiál je zložený z polyetylénu s nominálnou hustotou 0,92 a indexom toku taveniny 0,3 g/10 min pri 190 °C a tlaku 21,6 N. Tento materiál bol použitý na výrobu pudra mikromodulu, vytlačením na zväzok štyroch optických vlákien. Vyrobené puzdro 12 má priemer 1 mm a hrúbku 0,12 mm. Vytlačenie sa realizuje bez problémov a získané puzdro je kruhové. Ale pri výrobe puzdra vytlačením vonkajšieho obalu na báze polyetylénu, potrebné teplo na stlačenie obalu deformuje mikromoduly a puzdra majú tendenciu sa prelepiť jedno na druhé a na vonkajší obal, čo vyžaduje zvláštnu pozornosť, napríklad umiestnenie jedného alebo viacerých látok medzi mikromoduly a obal.The comparative material is composed of polyethylene with a nominal density of 0.92 and a melt flow index of 0.3 g / 10 min at 190 ° C and a pressure of 21.6 N. This material was used to make a micromodule powder by extruding it onto a bundle of four optical fibers. The housing 12 produced has a diameter of 1 mm and a thickness of 0.12 mm. The embossing is carried out without problems and the sleeve obtained is circular. However, in the manufacture of a sheath by extruding a polyethylene-based outer sheath, the necessary heat to compress the sheath deforms the micromodules and the sheaths tend to stick to each other and to the outer sheath, requiring particular attention, for example placing one or more substances between the micromodules and the sheath.
Tieto ťažkosti sú odstránené použitím materiálu podľa vynálezu v praxi.These difficulties are overcome by using the material of the invention in practice.
-6Príklad 1-6Example 1
Zmes s hmotnostným zložením uvedeným nižšie sa pripravila v miešačke:The mixture with the weight composition below was prepared in a mixer:
- 50 dielov polyetylénu s hustotou 0,92, ktorý má index toku taveniny pri 190 °C a pri tlaku 21,6 N 1,8 g/10 min.50 parts of polyethylene having a density of 0.92 and having a melt index at 190 ° C and a pressure of 21.6 N of 1.8 g / 10 min.
- 50 dielov kopolyméru EVA s obsahom 18 % vinylacetátu50 parts of an EVA copolymer containing 18% vinyl acetate
-130 dielov hydrátu oxidu hlinitého-130 parts alumina hydrate
- 5 dielov mastiva (parafínový olej)- 5 parts lubricant (paraffin oil)
- 5 dielov prísad (antioxidanty, silán, mastivo).- 5 parts of additives (antioxidants, silane, lubricant).
Ingredencie sa miešali 10 minút pri teplote až 160 °C.The ingredients were mixed for 10 minutes at a temperature of up to 160 ° C.
Po kalandrovaní na rotačnom valci sa materiál strihal, potom lisoval pri teplote 180 °C pod tlakom na doskové formy, na ktorých je možne realizovať charakteristické skúšky materiálu.After calendering on a rotary roll, the material was sheared, then pressed at 180 ° C under pressure into plate molds on which characteristic material tests could be carried out.
Mechanické charakteristiky získané pri skúšaní dosiek sú nasledovné:The mechanical characteristics obtained during plate testing are as follows:
- pevnosť v ťahu: 11,4 MPa- tensile strength: 11.4 MPa
- predĺženie pri pretrhnutí: 125 %- elongation at break: 125%
- tvrdosť = 45 Shore D.- hardness = 45 Shore D.
Zmes sa použila na prípravu mikromodulu. Na to bola zmes uvedená do granulovaného stavu, zavedená do vytlačiaceho stroja s priemerom 45 mm a s dĺžkou 24 x priemer.The mixture was used to prepare the micromodule. For this, the mixture was granulated, fed into an extruder with a diameter of 45 mm and a length of 24 x diameter.
Teploty operácie vytlačenia sú v rozmedzí 130 až 160 °C od násypky až do čela vytlačenia.The extrusion operating temperatures range from 130 to 160 ° C from the hopper to the extrusion head.
Na charakterizáciu získaného puzdra boli realizované dve operácie.Two operations were performed to characterize the obtained housing.
Prvá bola pri uvedení do formy pri rýchlosti 100 m/min, na získanie trubice s priemerom 0,90 mm a radiálnou hrúbkou 0,12 mm.The first was at molding at a speed of 100 m / min, to obtain a tube with a diameter of 0.90 mm and a radial thickness of 0.12 mm.
Pre druhú, bolo zavedenie do formy identické a až na malý rozdiel pri vytlačení, kde sa nastrkujú cez čelo vytlačiaceho lisu štyri zafarbené optické vlákna a kde sa strieka súčasne nepriepustný gél na vytvorenie modulu, ktorý po vychladení vytlačeného materiálu je zachytený v nádrži, kde sa voľne navinie na rovinu.For the second, the introduction into the mold was identical and, with a small difference in extrusion, where four colored optical fibers were inserted over the extruder face and where a simultaneously impermeable gel was sprayed to form a module which, after cooling the extruded material, was trapped in the tank. freely winds on a plane.
Namerané charakteristiky puzdra sú nasledovné.The measured characteristics of the housing are as follows.
RT = pevnosť v ťahu,RT = tensile strength,
AR = predĺženie pri roztrhnutí (ťažnosť)AR = tear elongation (elongation)
Var = zmenaVar = change
Tieto výsledky ukazujú na jednej strane odolnosť voči teplu a na druhej strane kompatibilitu s vyplňujúcou látkou puzdra materiálu vhodným vynálezu.These results show, on the one hand, heat resistance and, on the other hand, compatibility with the filler of the sheath material of the present invention.
Príklad 2Example 2
Zmes materiálu je identická ako v príklade 1, až na malý rozdiel, že prísada na báze hydrátu oxidu hlinitého je nahradená prísadou na báze uhličitanu vápenatého. Zmes sa pripravila za rovnakých podmienok a vytlačila sa pri rýchlosti 100 /minútu, mikromodul s priemerom 0,85 mm a hrúbkou 0,11 mm. Charakteristiky nižšie uvedené ukazujú najmä ako sa získajú z takejto zmesi moduly, ktoré majú dobrú chemickú odolnosť (odolnosť voči chemikáliám), napriek tenkej hrúbke puzdra modulu.The material mixture is identical to Example 1, except that the alumina hydrate additive is replaced by a calcium carbonate additive. The mixture was prepared under the same conditions and extruded at a rate of 100 / minute, a micromodule having a diameter of 0.85 mm and a thickness of 0.11 mm. In particular, the characteristics shown below show how modules having good chemical resistance (chemical resistance) are obtained from such a mixture despite the thin thickness of the module housing.
Príklad 3Example 3
Tu sa realizuje identická zmes ako v príklade 1, až na malý rozdiel, že prísada na báze oxidu hlinitého je nahradená prísadou na báze kaolínu,Here, an identical mixture is carried out as in Example 1, except that the alumina-based additive is replaced by a kaolin-based additive,
-8a v zníženej koncentrácii na 65 dielov. Parafínové mastivo je nahradený olejom typu adipátu izononylu.-8a at a reduced concentration to 65 parts. The paraffin lubricant is replaced by an isononyl adipate type oil.
Rozličné ingredencie sú zavádzané do vnútra miešačky, miešané sú až pri približne 160 °C a potom sú granulované. Charakteristiky materiálu namerané na doskách sú nasledovné:The various ingredients are introduced into the interior of the mixer, mixed at up to about 160 ° C and then granulated. The material characteristics measured on the boards are as follows:
Z tejto zmesi sa realizuje za rovnakých podmienok ako boli prechádzajúce mikromodul zo štyroch optických vlákien s puzdrom s hrúbkou 0,11 mm a priemerom 0,85 mm. Nepriepustný gél je Macroplast CF 300 od spoločnosti Henkel.From this mixture, it is made under the same conditions as the micromodule of four optical fibers passing through the case with a thickness of 0.11 mm and a diameter of 0.85 mm. The impermeable gel is Macroplast CF 300 from Henkel.
Namerané charakteristiky na module sú nasledovné:The measured characteristics on the module are as follows:
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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FR9911649A FR2798665B1 (en) | 1999-09-17 | 1999-09-17 | EXTRUDABLE THERMOPLASTIC MATERIAL AND FIBER MICROMODULE MANUFACTURED FROM SUCH A MATERIAL |
PCT/FR2000/002545 WO2001021706A1 (en) | 1999-09-17 | 2000-09-14 | Extrusible thermoplastic material and fibre micromodule made from same |
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EP (1) | EP1216273A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2003510394A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20020053812A (en) |
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CA (1) | CA2384842A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2798665B1 (en) |
HU (1) | HUP0204036A2 (en) |
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DE60335747D1 (en) | 2003-08-28 | 2011-02-24 | Prysmian Spa | OPTICAL CABLE AND OPTICAL UNIT CONTAINED IN IT |
DE102004035809A1 (en) * | 2004-07-23 | 2006-03-16 | CCS Technology, Inc., Wilmington | Optical cable and method of making an optical cable |
WO2011035814A1 (en) | 2009-09-28 | 2011-03-31 | Prysmian S.P.A. | Optical communication cable and manufacturing process |
JP5937431B2 (en) * | 2012-06-12 | 2016-06-22 | Jfeケミカル株式会社 | Resin composition and cured product thereof |
JP5948183B2 (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2016-07-06 | 株式会社細川洋行 | Blow molded container and resin composition for blow molded container |
US9091830B2 (en) | 2012-09-26 | 2015-07-28 | Corning Cable Systems Llc | Binder film for a fiber optic cable |
US11287589B2 (en) | 2012-09-26 | 2022-03-29 | Corning Optical Communications LLC | Binder film for a fiber optic cable |
US8620124B1 (en) | 2012-09-26 | 2013-12-31 | Corning Cable Systems Llc | Binder film for a fiber optic cable |
JP2015007680A (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2015-01-15 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Optical cable |
US9482839B2 (en) | 2013-08-09 | 2016-11-01 | Corning Cable Systems Llc | Optical fiber cable with anti-split feature |
US8805144B1 (en) | 2013-09-24 | 2014-08-12 | Corning Optical Communications LLC | Stretchable fiber optic cable |
US9075212B2 (en) | 2013-09-24 | 2015-07-07 | Corning Optical Communications LLC | Stretchable fiber optic cable |
US8913862B1 (en) | 2013-09-27 | 2014-12-16 | Corning Optical Communications LLC | Optical communication cable |
US9594226B2 (en) | 2013-10-18 | 2017-03-14 | Corning Optical Communications LLC | Optical fiber cable with reinforcement |
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NZ216138A (en) * | 1985-05-21 | 1989-01-27 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Thermoplastic, low smoke and flame retardant acrylate rubber-polyolefin resin composition |
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-
1999
- 1999-09-17 FR FR9911649A patent/FR2798665B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2000
- 2000-09-14 AU AU74299/00A patent/AU7429900A/en not_active Abandoned
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- 2000-09-14 SK SK520-2002A patent/SK5202002A3/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-09-14 CA CA002384842A patent/CA2384842A1/en not_active Abandoned
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JP2003510394A (en) | 2003-03-18 |
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KR20020053812A (en) | 2002-07-05 |
AU7429900A (en) | 2001-04-24 |
BR0014092A (en) | 2002-08-20 |
CN1384856A (en) | 2002-12-11 |
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CA2384842A1 (en) | 2001-03-29 |
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