SI9620080A - Bottom electrode for an arc furnace operated with direct current and process for operating the furnace - Google Patents

Bottom electrode for an arc furnace operated with direct current and process for operating the furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
SI9620080A
SI9620080A SI9620080A SI9620080A SI9620080A SI 9620080 A SI9620080 A SI 9620080A SI 9620080 A SI9620080 A SI 9620080A SI 9620080 A SI9620080 A SI 9620080A SI 9620080 A SI9620080 A SI 9620080A
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Slovenia
Prior art keywords
furnace
floor electrode
melt
floor
electrode
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SI9620080A
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Slovenian (sl)
Inventor
Werner Hofmann
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Mannesmann Ag
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Publication date
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Publication of SI9620080A publication Critical patent/SI9620080A/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/24—Cooling arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
    • H05B7/02—Details
    • H05B7/06—Electrodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • C21C5/5229—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in a direct current [DC] electric arc furnace
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/08—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces heated electrically, with or without any other source of heat
    • F27B3/085—Arc furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • C21C5/5229—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in a direct current [DC] electric arc furnace
    • C21C2005/5235—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in a direct current [DC] electric arc furnace with bottom electrodes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Discharge Heating (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Abstract

A bottom electrode for an arc furnace operated with direct current consists of two parts made of different materials that may be joined to each other. One wearing part made of a material that is comparable to the molten mass is arranged in the area of the refractory lining of the furnace vessel bottom and one cooling part through which a cooling medium flows projects out of the furnace vessel. The invention is characterised in that the wearing part (22) is inserted in a cylindrical hole (15) arranged in the refractory lining (13) of the furnace vessel bottom (14). The face (23) of the wearing part (22) towards the inside (11) of the furnace vessel is spaced from the inner surface (16) of the furnace bottom (14) by a distance (a). A body (30) made of a refractory material is arranged in the free space (F) formed by face (23), inner surface (16) and the wall of the hole (15). The body (30) has a shape that brakes the movement of the molten mass (S) that flows around it during operation of the furnace.

Description

OpisDescription

Izum se nanaša na talno elektrodo za električno obločno peč na enosmerni tok, ki sestoji iz dveh med seboj povezanih delov, ki vsebujeta različne materiale, pri čemer je eden, ki je nameščen v območju ognjeodpomega dna lonca peči, izveden kot obrabni del, ki sestoji iz materiala, ki je podoben talini, in drugi del, ki štrli iz lonca peči, kot hladilni del, skozi katerega teče hladilno sredstvo.The invention relates to a floor electrode for a direct current electric arc furnace, consisting of two interconnected parts containing different materials, one being located in the area of the refractory bottom of the furnace pot, made as a wear part consisting of from a melt-like material and a second part projecting from the furnace pot as a refrigerant through which the refrigerant flows.

Iz nemške objave patenta DE-OS 43 35 065 je znana tovrstna talna elektroda, pri kateri ima obrabni del obliko, ki ovira tok materiala, ki se tali med obratovanjem na čelnem delu, in tudi kovinske taline. Čelno območje kovinskega obrabnega delaje pri tem obdano z elementom iz visokotemperatumo odpornega materiala, ki ima kovinskemu gradniku ustrezno komplementarno obliko.The German patent publication DE-OS 43 35 065 discloses this type of floor electrode, in which the wear part has a shape that impedes the flow of material that melts during operation at the front, as well as metal melt. The front area of the metal wear part is surrounded by an element of high temperature resistant material, which has a corresponding complementary shape to the metal part.

Pomanjkljivost talne elektrode po tem spisu je, da je v čelnem območju obrabnega dela hitrost toka v primerjavi z običajno izvedbo talne elektrode komaj manjša, vendar še zmeraj tako visoka, da prihaja do izpiranja ostankov.The disadvantage of the floor electrode according to this file is that in the frontal region of the wear part, the flow velocity is barely lower than the conventional floor electrode implementation, but still so high that residual leaching occurs.

Razen dega se dogaja, da ustvarja tok vrtinčasto obliko in da ima gradnik, ki sestoji iz visokotemperatumo odpornega materiala in komplementarno obdaja obrabni del, obliko tulca, ki ne zavira zadovoljivo hitrosti toka.In addition to the case, it creates a vortex-shaped flow and has a high-temperature-resistant material and, in addition, surrounds the wear part, a sleeve shape that does not satisfactorily inhibit the flow velocity.

Naloga izuma je zasnovati talno elektrodo za električno obločno peč na enosmerni tok, skozi katero teče intenziven pretok toka in toplote v talino in ima pri tem visoko odpornost proti obrabi.It is an object of the invention to design a floor electrode for an electric arc furnace on a direct current through which an intense flow of heat and heat flows into the melt, while having a high abrasion resistance.

04.08.199508/04/1995

Naloga izuma je dosežena z označevalnimi obeležji prvega patentnega zahtevka za napravo in devetega patentnega zahtevka za postopek.The object of the invention is achieved by the marking features of the first device claim and the ninth process claim.

Pri talni elektrodi po izumu je obrabni del nameščen v cilindrični luknji tako, da je njegovo čelo oddaljeno od notranje ploskve dna peči, ki sestoji iz ognjeodpornega materiala. V tem praznem prostoru je vstavljeno telo, ki sestoji iz ognjeodpornega materala in ki ima obliko, ki zavira gibanje toka taline, ki obliva to telo med obratovanjem peči. Ta tokovna zavora sestoji iz kakovostnega ter proti obrabi in ognju odpornega materiala. Ima obliko, ki ni samo odporna proti toplotnim in kemičnim obremenitvam, ampak tudi proti eroziji. Njena oblikovna izvedba je tako izbrana, da zoperstavlja toku taline kar se da velik upor. Pri tem je tokovna zavora tako nameščena, da je ne izpira tok iz praznega prostora. Po eni strani to preprečimo s tem, da predstavlja tokovno telo samostojni gradnik, ki je oblikosklepno povezan z ognjeodpomim materialom, ki ga obdaja obrabni del. V prednostni izvedbi je tokovna zavora izvedena iz krilc, ki so nameščena na tulcu, ki obdaja obrabni del. Ta krilca lahko potekajo soosno z glavno osjo talne elektrode, lahko pa tudi pravokotno nanjo.In the floor electrode according to the invention, the wear part is positioned in the cylindrical hole so that its forehead is away from the inner surface of the furnace bottom, which consists of a refractory material. In this blank space is inserted a body consisting of a refractory material and having a shape that inhibits the movement of the melt flow that surrounds this body during the operation of the furnace. This current brake consists of high-quality, wear-resistant and fire-resistant material. It has a shape that is not only resistant to thermal and chemical stresses but also to erosion. Its design is so selected that it can resist as much resistance as possible against the flow of the melt. The brake is positioned so that it does not flush it out of the empty space. On the one hand, this is prevented by the fact that the flow body is a self-contained building block, which is closely connected to the refractory material surrounded by the wear part. In a preferred embodiment, the current brake is made of wings mounted on a sleeve surrounding the wear member. These wings can be co-aligned with the main axis of the floor electrode or perpendicular to it.

Z zvezdasto oblikovano tokovno zavoro dosežemo zmanjšanje prečnega preseka prostega toka in s tem oviranje toka taline. Naplavlanje tokovne zavore zaradi manjše gostote ognjeodpornega materiala, glede na tekoče jeklo, preprečimo z opisanim držalom, ali z neposredno povezavo s tulcem elektrode, pri čemer vnesemo pred prvim zagonom peči na enosmerni tok v prazni prostor finozrnati jekleni drobir. Pri taljenju, ki temu sledi, je prazen prostor zapolnjen v območju tokovne zavore s talino.A star-shaped current brake achieves a reduction in the free-flow cross-section and thus impedes melt flow. Due to the lower density of the refractory material, relative to the liquid steel, the initiation of the current brake is prevented by the described holder, or by direct connection with the electrode sleeve, and before entering the direct current for the first time, fine-grained steel debris is introduced into the empty space. In the subsequent melting, the empty space is filled in the area of the current brake by the melt.

Primer izuma je prikazan na priloženih risbah, na katerih kaže sl. 1. talno elektrodo z zvezdasto oblikovano tokovno zavoro, sl. 2. tokovno zavoro s tulcem s krilastimi izrastki, sl. 3. tokovno zavoro s tulcem z obročastimi odseki.An example of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which FIG. 1. A ground electrode with a star shaped current brake, FIG. 2. a current brake with a wing-shaped sleeve, FIG. 3. current brake with ring section sleeve.

Slika 1 kaže izsek dna 14 s plaščem 12 lonca peči in ognejodporno oblogo 13, v kateri je izvedena luknja 15.Figure 1 shows a section of the bottom 14 with a jacket 12 of a furnace pot and a refractory lining 13 in which a hole 15 is made.

V luknji 15 je nameščena talna elektroda, ki ima hladilno telo 21 in obrabni del 22, ki sta med seboj povezana z varom 24.A hole electrode is installed in the hole 15, which has a heat sink 21 and a wear part 22 connected to each other by a guard 24.

Čelo 23 obrabnega delaje nameščeno z odmikom a od ravnine 16 dna lonca peči. V prazen prostor, ki ga tvorita čelo 23 obrabnega dela in notranja ploskev tulca, ki obdaja obrabni del 22, je vstavljeno telo, ki je izvedeno kot tokovna zavora.The face of the wear portion 23 is positioned at a distance a from the plane 16 of the bottom of the furnace pot. In the blank space formed by the forehead 23 of the wear part and the inner surface of the sleeve surrounding the wear part 22 is inserted a body which is designed as a current brake.

Na slikah 1 do 3 so prikazane osnovne oblike tokovne zavore kot primer enostavnih in trdnih tvorb za zaviranje taline S, ki struja med obratovanjem peči.Figures 1 to 3 show the basic forms of a current brake as an example of simple and solid structures for inhibiting melt S, which flows during the operation of the furnace.

Na sl. 1 je predvidena tokovna zavora zvezdasto oblikovanega in s krili izvedenega telesa 31, na katerega vznožju so izvedeni oblikovni elementi 33 za pozicioniranje na čelu 23 obrabnega dela 22. Oblikovni elementi 33 so na smotem način povezani s tulcem 35.In FIG. 1 is a predicted current brake of a star-shaped and wing-shaped body 31, at the base of which there are shaped elements 33 for positioning on the front 23 of the wear part 22. The design elements 33 are connected in a deliberate manner to the sleeve 35.

Na sl. 2 ima tokovna zavora krilaste izrastke 34, ki so neposredno pritrjeni na tulcu 35.In FIG. 2, the current brake has wing projections 34 that are directly attached to the sleeve 35.

Na sl. 3 ima tokovna zavora obročaste elemente 36, ki so nameščeni na tulcu 35.In FIG. 3, the current brake has annular elements 36 mounted on the sleeve 35.

ZaFor

Mannesmann AG:Mannesmann AG:

ii. o- 04ii. o- 04

Seznam sklicevalnih oznakList of references

Električna obločna peč plašč lonca, ognjeodpoma obloga, dno lonca peči, luknja, ploskev dna lonca peči,Electric arc furnace cooktop sheath, fire retardant liner, furnace pot bottom, hole, furnace pot surface,

Talna elektroda hladilni del, obrabni element, čelo obrabnega dela, var,Floor electrode cooling part, wear element, forehead wear part, var,

Telo/tokovna zavora telo-zvezdasto oblikovana tokovna zavora, krilo zvezdasto oblikovane tokovne zavore oblikovni element za pozicioniranje, krilasti izrastek, tulec, obročasti element,Body / current brake body-star shaped current brake, wing star shaped current brake positioning design element, wing outgrowth, sleeve, annular element,

S talina, a odmik,From the melt, and the distance,

F prazen prostor,F empty space,

I glavna os elektrode,And the main axis of the electrode,

R preotali prazni prostor.R trawled empty space.

Claims (9)

Patentni zahtevkiPatent claims 1. Talna elektroda za električno obločno peč na enosmerni tok, ki sestoji iz dveh med seboj povezanih delov, ki vsebujeta različne materiale, pri čemer je eden, kije nameščen v območju ognjeodpomega dna lonca peči, izveden kot obrabni del, ki sestoji iz materiala, ki je podoben talini, in drugi del, ki štrli iz lonca peči, kot hladilni del, skozi katerega teče hladilno sredstvo, označena s tem, da je obrabni del (22) nameščen v cilindrični luknji (15), ki je izvedena v ognjeodporni oblogi (13) dna (14) lonca posode, in leži njeno čelo (23), ki prilega notranjosti (11) lonca peči, v odmiku od notranje ploskve (16) dna (14) peči za odmik (a), in daje v praznem prostoru (F), ki ga tvorijo čelo (23), notranja ploskev (16) in stena luknje (15), nameščeno telo (30), ki sestoji iz ognjeodpomega materiala, ki ima obliko, ki zavira gibanje taline (S), ki ga obliva med obratovanjem peči.1. A DC arc electrode floor electrode consisting of two interconnected parts containing different materials, one mounted in the area of the refractory bottom of the furnace pot as a wear component consisting of a material, which is similar to the melt and the second portion projecting from the furnace pot as a refrigerant through which the refrigerant flows, characterized in that the wear part (22) is housed in a cylindrical hole (15) which is made in a refractory liner (13) the bottom (14) of the pot of the vessel, and lies its forehead (23), which fits inside (11) of the furnace pot, away from the inner surface (16) of the bottom (14) of the furnace (a), and empties the space (F) formed by the forehead (23), the inner surface (16) and the wall of the hole (15), a mounted body (30) consisting of a flame retardant material having a shape that inhibits the movement of the melt (S), which pours it during the operation of the furnace. 2. Talna elektroda po zahtevku 1, označena s tem, da je telo (31), ki zavira strujanje taline, v preseku oblikovano zvezdasto, in ima najmanj tri krila (32), katerih notranji robovi ploskev so med seboj povezani v središču.Floor electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that the body (31) which inhibits the flow of the melt is star-shaped in cross-section and has at least three wings (32) whose inner edges of the surfaces are interconnected in the center. 3. Talna elektroda po zahtevku 2, označena s tem, da imajo krila (32) na koncu, ki prilega obrabnemu delu, za oblikosklepno pozicioniranje zvezdasto oblikovane tokovne zavore (31) predvidene radialno usmerjene oblikovne elemente (33).Floor electrode according to claim 2, characterized in that the wings (32) have radially oriented shaping elements (33) provided at the end adjacent to the wear member for radially positioning the star-shaped current brake (31). 4. Talna elektroda po zahtevku 1, označena s tem, daje telo, ki ovira strujanje taline, izvedeno iz najmanj treh krilastih izrastkov (34), ki so nameščeni na tulcu (35), ki je izveden iz enakega ognjeodporenga materiala, pri čemer obdaja tulec (35) soosno obrabni del (22).Floor electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that the body, which impedes the flow of the melt, is made of at least three wing projections (34) which are mounted on a sleeve (35) made of the same fire-resistant material, enclosing sleeve (35) coaxially wear part (22). 5. Talna elektroda po zahtevku 4, označena s tem, da so ploskve krilastih izrastkov (34) nameščene osno vzporedno z glavno osjo (I) elektrode.Floor electrode according to claim 4, characterized in that the planes of the wing projections (34) are arranged axially parallel to the main axis (I) of the electrode. 6. Talna elektroda po zahtevku 4, označena s tem, da so ploskve krilastih izrastkov (34) nameščene vijačno glede na glavno os (I) elektrode.Floor electrode according to claim 4, characterized in that the planes of the wing projections (34) are screwed relative to the main axis (I) of the electrode. 7. Talna elektroda po zahtevku 1, označena s tem, daje telo, ki ovira strujanje taline, izvedeno iz obročastih elementov (36), ki so nameščeni pravokotno na glavno os (I) elektrode na tulcu (35), ki je izveden iz enakega ognjeoodpornega materiala in soosno obdaja obrabni del (22).Floor electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that the body, which impedes the flow of the melt, is made of annular elements (36) perpendicular to the main axis (I) of the electrode on the sleeve (35), which is made of the same flame retardant material and coaxially surrounding the wear part (22). 8. Talna elektroda po zahtevkih 4 ali 7, označena s tem, daje tulec (35) voden v luknji (15) ognjeodpome obloge (13) do plašča (12) lonca.Floor electrode according to claim 4 or 7, characterized in that the sleeve (35) is guided in the hole (15) of the refractory lining (13) to the jacket (12). 9. Postopek za obratovanje električne obločne peči na enosmerni tok s talno elektrodo, ki sestoji iz obrabnega dela in hladilnega dela, pri čemer je talna elektroda nameščena v luknji ognjeodpome obloge dna lonca, po enem od navedenih zahtevkov, označen s tem, da je pred prvim zagonom talne elektrode v preostalem praznem prostoru (R), ki ga omejuje prazen prostor, ki ga tvori ognejeodpomi material med čelom (23) obrabnega dela (22) in ploskvijo (16) dna lonca peči, napolnjen z jeklenim drobirjem.A method for operating a direct current electric arc furnace with a floor electrode consisting of a wear part and a cooling part, the floor electrode being positioned in the refractory hole of the bottom of the pot, according to one of the claims, characterized in that the first start-up of the floor electrode in the remaining empty space (R), bounded by the empty space formed by the fire-retardant material between the face (23) of the wear part (22) and the surface (16) of the bottom of the furnace pot filled with steel debris.
SI9620080A 1995-08-04 1996-07-31 Bottom electrode for an arc furnace operated with direct current and process for operating the furnace SI9620080A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19529984A DE19529984C1 (en) 1995-08-04 1995-08-04 Arc oven base electrode
PCT/DE1996/001486 WO1997006653A1 (en) 1995-08-04 1996-07-31 Bottom electrode for an arc furnace operated with direct current and process for operating the furnace

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SI9620080A true SI9620080A (en) 1998-02-28

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EP (1) EP0842591B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH11500575A (en)
KR (1) KR19990022946A (en)
CN (1) CN1192319A (en)
AT (1) ATE180620T1 (en)
AU (1) AU7277296A (en)
DE (2) DE19529984C1 (en)
MX (1) MX9800949A (en)
PL (1) PL324863A1 (en)
SI (1) SI9620080A (en)
SK (1) SK13498A3 (en)
TW (1) TW328987B (en)
WO (1) WO1997006653A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA966551B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3657111B1 (en) 2018-11-26 2024-03-13 SMS Group GmbH Method for repairing a used flushing body, a floor electrode and / or used lining of a metallurgical vessel
DE102019217904A1 (en) 2018-11-26 2020-05-28 Sms Group Gmbh Method for repairing a worn flushing body, a bottom electrode and / or a worn brick lining of a metallurgical vessel

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DE2637632A1 (en) * 1976-08-20 1978-02-23 Schelepov Bottom electrode for plasma arc melting furnace - where pressurised gas zone indicates electrode wear, and acts as safety device
FR2441313A1 (en) * 1978-11-10 1980-06-06 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech COOLED ELECTRODE FOR CONTACT WITH FUSED METAL
FR2622078B1 (en) * 1987-10-20 1990-03-09 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech WALL ELECTRODE FOR ELECTRIC METALLURGICAL OVEN
AT401303B (en) * 1993-09-06 1996-08-26 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen METHOD FOR PRODUCING A FLOOR ANODE FOR A METALLURGICAL VESSEL

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JPH11500575A (en) 1999-01-12
PL324863A1 (en) 1998-06-22
DE19529984C1 (en) 1996-10-31
ZA966551B (en) 1997-02-18
TW328987B (en) 1998-04-01
WO1997006653A1 (en) 1997-02-20
KR19990022946A (en) 1999-03-25
DE59602014D1 (en) 1999-07-01
AU7277296A (en) 1997-03-05
EP0842591B1 (en) 1999-05-26
MX9800949A (en) 1998-04-30
ATE180620T1 (en) 1999-06-15
EP0842591A1 (en) 1998-05-20
SK13498A3 (en) 1998-10-07
CN1192319A (en) 1998-09-02

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