SI9300564A

SI9300564A - Fuel filter and/or lubricating oil filter for internal combustion engines

Info

Publication number: SI9300564A
Application number: SI9300564A
Authority: SI
Inventors: Heinz Habiger; Herbert Jainek; Reinhard Oelpke; Erich Poldner
Original assignee: Mann & Hummel Filter
Priority date: 1993-10-26
Filing date: 1993-10-26
Publication date: 1995-06-30

Abstract

Opisan je filter za pogonska goriva in/ali maziva motorja z notranjim igorevanjem. Ta filter sestoji iz sprejemnega dela, pritrjenega na osnovno ploščo, pokrova, ki je z osnovno ploščo premakljivo povezan, ter oporne cevi, nameščene na pokrovu ali osnovni plošči. Na to oporno cevko je nataknjem filtrski vložek, ki sestoji iz cilindrično oblikovanega jedra in nekovinske zgornje in spodnje končne plošče. Ta filtrski vložek je v stiku s tesnilnim elementom na pokrovu. Zamenjava celotnega filtra ni potrebna, potrebna je le občasna zamenjava filtrskega vložka.A filter for motors and / or lubricants is described internal combustion engine. This filter consists of the receiving part attached to the base plate, a cover that is movably connected to the base plate, and support pipes mounted on the lid or base board. There is a filter cartridge attached to this support tube, consisting of a cylindrically shaped core and a non-metallic core upper and lower end panels. This filter the cartridge is in contact with the sealing element on the lid. It is not necessary to replace the entire filter, it is only necessary periodically replacing the filter cartridge.

Description

Izum zadeva filter za pogonska goriva in/ali maziva za motor z notranjim izgorevanjem.The invention relates to a filter for propellants and / or lubricants for an internal combustion engine.

Iz DE-OS 34 29 634 je znan filter za pogonska goriva in/ali maziva. Ta filter sestoji iz ohišja, v katerem je shranjena filtrska patrona in se zapira s pokrovom. Filtrska patrona je povezana s pokrovom na eni strani in z dnom ohišja na drugi strani s pomočjo plasti lepilne mase. Takšne filtre pa je potrebno v določenih časovnih intervalih zamenjati ter jih nadomestiti z novimi.DE-OS 34 29 634 discloses a filter for motors and / or lubricants. This filter consists of a housing in which the filter cartridge is stored and sealed with a lid. The filter cartridge is connected to the lid on one side and the bottom of the housing on the other by means of a layer of adhesive. Such filters, however, must be replaced at intervals and replaced with new filters.

Odstranjevanje takšnih filtrov, znanih tudi pod pojmom izmenjalnih filtrov, predvsem za filtriranje olja v motornih vozilih, povzroča vedno bolj naraščajoče težave.The removal of such filters, also known as exchange filters, in particular for the filtering of oil in motor vehicles, is causing increasing problems.

Takšen filtei' sestoji iz elementov, izdelanih iz različnih materialov, n.pr. pločevinastega ohišja, jeklenega pokrova, papirnega meha ter različnih plastičnih delov. Razen tega pa ostane v filtru po njegovi uporabi še določena količina olja, ki ga ni mogoče odstraniti iz filtra. Glede na to, da ima predelava odpadkov v primerjavi z običajnim odstranjevanjem odpadkov prednost, v kolikor je takšna predelava tehnično mogoča in je pridobljene surovine mogoče ponovno uporabiti, obstoja nujnost demontaže takšnih kompletnih filtrov in poskrbeti za odstranjevanje posameznih delov takšnega filtra. Vendar je takšen postopek zelo drag, ob vsem pa nastajajo znatne količine reciklažnega materiala.Such a filtei 'consists of elements made of different materials, e.g. sheet metal housing, steel cover, paper bag and various plastic parts. In addition, a certain amount of oil remains in the filter after use, which cannot be removed from the filter. Given that waste treatment has priority over conventional waste disposal, to the extent that such recovery is technically feasible and recoverable, there is a need to dismantle such complete filters and to ensure that individual parts of such a filter are removed. However, such a process is very expensive, and considerable amounts of recycling material are generated.

Osnova izuma je bila naloga, izdelati filter, pri katerem bi bile opisane pomanjkljivosti odpravljene in dane dobre osnove za predelavo njegovih sestavnih delov.The basis of the invention was the task of making a filter, which would describe the defects eliminated and give a good basis for the processing of its components.

Ta naloga bo rešena z značilnostmi v glavnem zahtevku opisanega filtra.This task will be solved by the features in the main claim of the filter described.

Osnovna misel tega izuma je možnost ponovnega odpiranja in zapiranja filtrskega ohišja in tako odstraniti samo filtrski vložek, ki v pretežnem obsegu sestoji iz filtrskega papirja.The basic idea of the present invention is the possibility of re-opening and closing the filter housing, thus removing only the filter cartridge, which mainly consists of filter paper.

Pri izoblikovanju izuma je predvidena povezava oporne cevi neposredno z osnovno ploščo ali z elementom pokrova. Na to odporno cev bi se nataknil filtrski vložek. Ta cev služi za utrjevanje položaja filtrskega vložka na eni strani, na drugi strani pa kot oporni element filtrskega vložka pri razlikah v tlaku med dotekajočim surovim, ter prečiščenim oljem oz. gorivom.In the design of the invention, it is contemplated to connect the support tube directly to the base plate or cover element. A filter cartridge would attach to this resistant tube. This tube is used to consolidate the position of the filter cartridge on the one hand, and on the other hand as a support element for the filter cartridge in case of pressure differences between the flowing crude oil and the refined oil or. fuel.

V najboljšem smislu je osnovna plošča izoblikovana analogno osnovni plošči izmenjalnega filtra. Prednost je v tem, da sprejemnega dela elementa;za sprejem izmenjalnega filtra ni potrebnomodificirati, ko namesto izmenjevalnega filtra uporabimo izumu odgovarjajoči filter.In the best sense, the base plate is analogous to the base plate of the exchange filter. The advantage is that the receiving part of the element does not need to be modified to receive the exchange filter when the corresponding filter is used instead of the exchange filter.

Skladno z nadaljnjim razvojem izuma pa je mogoče izoblikovati ločljivi spoj med elementom pokrova in osnovno ploščo kot enostavni navoj ali bajonetno zaporo. V primeru, da je navoj na elementu pokrova izoblikovan kot notranji navoj, je ta lahko zaradi enostavnejše izdelave vzdolž obsega izoblikovan tudi v segmentih, kar pomeni, da so samo določena mesta na segmentnih območjih opremljena z navoji. Takšen navoj je pri elementu pokrova, izdelanem iz brizganega plastičnega materiala zelo priporočljivo izdelati tako, da ima orodje za brizganje konično steblo, to konično steblo pa je opremljeno z vzdolžnim pomikalom, ki ima vdelane navojne strukture.In accordance with the further development of the invention, however, it is possible to form a separable joint between the cover element and the base plate as a simple thread or bayonet lock. In the case that the thread on the cover element is formed as an internal thread, it can also be formed in segments for ease of manufacture along the scope, which means that only certain places in the segment areas are provided with threads. It is strongly recommended that such a thread be made on a cover element made of injection molded plastic such that the injection tool has a tapered stem and that tapered stem is provided with a longitudinal slide having embedded threaded structures.

Pri izoblikovanju pokrovnega dela se najprej potegne nazaj konično steblo, nato pa se vzdolžna pomikala premakne navznoter, s tem pa se doseže sprostitev pokrovnega dela.When forming the lid part, the conical stem is first pulled back, and then the longitudinal scroll moves inward, thereby releasing the lid part.

Nadaljnji razvoj izuma predvideva opremo oporne cevi na pritrditveni strani z naslonom, ki je izveden v izbočeni strukturi, da bi tvorili tesnilni element za dno filtrskega vložka, ki je obrnjeno k temu tesnilnemu elementu. Na ta način ne potrebujemo dodatnega tesnilnega elementa kot n.pr. tesnilne gume, okroglega tesnila ali kaj podobnega. Pri večini filtrov je zaželena izvrtina za odtekanje tekočine, oz. olja, skozi katero lahko odteka gorivo ali olje iz filtrskega ohišja tudi potem, ko smo odstranili filtrski vložek. Jasno je, da mora ta odtočna izvrtina biti tesno zaprta, ko filter deluje. V smislu še nadaljnega izoblikovanja izuma je zato predvideno dno oz. čelo filtrskega vložka. Dno vložka tesni odtočno izvrtino, čim pa vložek dvignemo iz ohišja, sprosti dno vložka odtočno izvrtino.A further development of the invention envisages the provision of a support tube on the attachment side with a backrest made in a convex structure to form a sealing element for the bottom of the filter insert facing this sealing element. In this way, no additional sealing element is needed, such as e.g. sealing rubber, round gasket or something. For most filters, a drainage hole or a fluid outlet is desirable. oil through which fuel or oil can escape from the filter housing even after the filter cartridge has been removed. Clearly, this drain hole must be tightly closed when the filter is operating. In the light of the still further embodiment of the invention, it is therefore provided that the bottom or filter cartridge forehead. The bottom of the cartridge seals the drain hole, and as soon as the cartridge is lifted out of the housing, the bottom of the cartridge releases the drain hole.

Zelo koristno pa lahko notranjost oporne cevi uporabimo za obhodni ventil. Temu obhodnemu ventilu pa lahko pridamo grobi filter v obliki cedilne košare ali cedilne plošče, ki preprečuje dotok močno umazane surove tekočine v območje že očiščene.However, it is very useful to use the inside of the support pipe for a bypass valve. This bypass valve, however, can be provided with a coarse filter in the form of a strainer or strainer that prevents the flow of heavily soiled raw fluid into the area already cleared.

Glede na različne namene uporabe je filter nameščen v visečem položaju, t.j. del s pokrovom kaže približno v smer težiščne linije. Pri tej namestitvi je priporočljivo, da pred odpiranjem filtra odtočimo v filtru nahajajoče se olje oz. gorivo. To opravimo tako, da odvijemo odtočni vijak, ki se nahaja na pokrovu in počakamo, da se vsebina odteče iz filtrskega ohišja.Depending on the various uses, the filter is mounted in a suspended position, i.e. the portion with the lid pointing approximately in the direction of the center of gravity. For this installation, it is advisable to drain the oil or oil in the filter before opening the filter. fuel. To do this, unscrew the drain screw located on the lid and wait for the contents to drain from the filter housing.

V nadaljnjem razvoju je potrebno tesnilni element na osnovni plošči opremiti z odklonsko pločevino, ki ima nalogo spreminjanja smeri dotekajočemu olju zaradi morebitnih poškodb (uničenja) filtrskega vložka na tem mestu zaradi prevelikega pritiska olja in nezaželenega dviganja filtrskega vložka iz njegovega tesnilnega sedeža.In the further development, the sealing element on the base plate must be fitted with a deflection plate, which has the task of changing the direction of the flowing oil due to possible damage (destruction) of the filter cartridge at this location due to excessive pressure of the oil and unwanted lifting of the filter cartridge from its sealing seat.

Filter, v smislu izuma, se odlikuje tudi po tem, da zaradi zamenjave filtrskega vložka ne snamemo samo dela s pokrovom, ampak obstoja tudi možnost, da odvijemo celoten filter z njegovega sprejemnega dela, na primer tedaj, ko želimo zamenjati kakšen defekten del. Da pa pri snemanju pokrova ne bi sneli celoten filter z osnovne plošče, je osnovna plošča pritrjena na sprejemni del samozaviralno in jo je mogoče ločiti samo ob uporabi velike sile oz. s pomočjo posebnega ločilnega orodja od sprejemnega dela.The filter according to the invention is also distinguished by the fact that the replacement of the filter cartridge not only removes the part from the lid but also the possibility to unscrew the entire filter from its receiving part, for example when we want to replace a defective part. However, in order not to remove the entire filter from the base plate when removing the cover, the base plate is attached to the receiving part by self-locking and can only be separated by the use of high force or. using a special separating tool from the receiving part.

Ta in druge značilnosti predvidenih nadaljnjih razvojnih stopenj izuma niso predvidene samo v zahtevkih, ampak izhajajo tudi iz opisa in risb, pri čemer so posamezne značilnosti predstavljene bodisi posamič ali po več skupaj v obliki podkombinacij pri izvedbeni obliki izuma ter uresničene na drugih področjih in lahko predstavljajo koristne, kakor tudi za zaščito primerne izvedbe, za katere na tem mestu terjamo varstvo.These and other features of the envisaged further developmental stages of the invention are not only contemplated in the claims, but also derive from the description and drawings, the individual features being presented either individually or in a series of sub-combinations in an embodiment of the invention, useful as well as to protect the proper embodiment for which we require protection at this site.

Izvedbene primere izuma smo predstavili v risbah ter jih v nadaljevanju podrobnejše opisujemo.Embodiments of the invention are presented in the drawings and are described in more detail below.

Tako prikazujeThis is how it shows

slika picture 1. ) 1.) prerez section skozi through oljni oil filter z filter with zamenij ivim replace the living vložkom cartridge slika picture la. ) la. ) prerez section skozi through oljni oil filter z filter with zamenljivim interchangeable vložkom cartridge slika picture lb. ) lb. ) prerez section skozi through varianto oljnega filtra z oil filter variant with radialnim radial

slika 1 c. ) slika 2a+b slika 3.) slika 4.) slika 5.) slika 6 . ) tesnilom oljni filter z zaporo povratnega toka varianto oljnega filtra z integrirano cedilno košarico za filter še eno varianto z integrirano cedilno ploščo delni prerez skozi oljni filter delni prerez skozi oljni filter z centriranim filtrskim vložkom i prerez skozi menjalni filter, ki ga je mogoče odpirati slika 6a.) prerez skozi menjalni filter, ki ga je mogoče odpirati slika 7.) delni prerez skozi oljni filter s samotesnilnim vložkom slika 8a+b.) prerez in naris pokrova ohišja oljnega filtra in bajonetno zaporoFigure 1 c. ) Figure 2a + b Figure 3.) Figure 4.) Figure 5.) Figure 6. ) gasket oil filter with backflow block oil filter option with integrated strainer filter another variant with integrated strainer partial cross section through oil filter partial cross section through oil filter with centered filter cartridge and cross section through exchangeable image filter 6a.) Cross section through a filter that can be opened Fig. 7.) partial cross section through an oil filter with self-sealing insert Fig. 8a + b.) Cross section and an outline of the oil filter housing cover and bayonet lock

Slika 1.) prikazuje oljni filter, kakršen je n.pr. v uporabi za čiščenje olja v avtomobilih. Oljni filter sestoji iz osnovne plošče (10), ki je v našem primeru privita na sprejemni del (11), označen s črtami. Na to osnovno ploščo je s pomočjo žagastega navoja (12) privit pokrov (13) filtra. Za tesnenje celotnega ohišja je na izteku navoja (12) predvideno tesnilo (14). Osnovna plošča je n.pr. iz aluminija, pokrov (13) pa je iz brizgane plastike. Za čiščenje predvideno olje doteka preko izvrtine (15) opornega dela (11) in izvrtine (16) na osnovni plošči (10) v prostor za neočiščeno tekočino (17), teče skozi zvezdasto oblikovani filtrski vložek (18) ter odteka očiščeno preko oporne cevi (19) in skozi zaporni ventil povratnega toka (20) v srednjo izvrtino (21) sprejemnega dela filtra.Figure 1) shows an oil filter such as e.g. used to clean oil in cars. The oil filter consists of a base plate (10), which in our case is screwed to the receiving part (11), marked by lines. A filter cover (13) is screwed onto this base plate by means of a saw thread (12). A seal (14) is provided for sealing the entire housing at the end of the thread (12). The base plate is e.g. aluminum and the cover (13) is of injection molded plastic. For cleaning, the oil provided flows through the bore (15) of the support part (11) and the bore (16) on the base plate (10) into the space for the uncleaned fluid (17), flows through a star-shaped filter cartridge (18) and drains through the support pipe. (19) and through the return flow stop valve (20) to the middle bore (21) of the filter receiving part.

Za tesnenje prostora za neočiščeno tekočino med osnovno ploščo in sprejemnim delom napram okolju je predviden tesnilni element (22). Filtrski vložek (18) je iz papirja ali iz koprene zvezdasto zložen vložek, ki ima na obeh krajih zaključno ploščo (23), (24 ) , ki je n.pr. lahko iz kartona. Ti dve zaključni plošči sta povezani s filtrskim vložkom (18) z lepljenim spojem (25) in (26). Filtrski vložek pa je nataknjen na oporno cev (19). Ta oporna cev je n.pr. iz luknjaste pločevine, ki je zavihana na nosilni del (27). Nosilni del (27) pa je trdno povezan z vmesnikom (28 ) . Ta vmesnik pa je s pomočjo zaskočnega spoja (29) nataknjen na cilindrični nastavek (30) pokrova (13), pri čemer tlačna vzemet (31), ki se na eni strani opira na pokrov (13), na drugi strani pa na vmesnik (28), izvaja aksialno silo na nosilni del (27) tako, da celotni tesno se prilegajoči filtrski vložek (32) ostaja med nosilnim delom (27) in tesnilno ploščo (33).A sealing element (22) is provided for sealing the space for uncleaned fluid between the base plate and the receiving part against the environment. The filter cartridge (18) is a star-folded cartridge made of paper or web, which has a termination plate (23), (24) at both ends, e.g. can be made of cardboard. These two endplates are connected to the filter insert (18) by a glued joint (25) and (26). The filter cartridge is attached to the support tube (19). This support tube is e.g. from a sheet metal that is screwed onto the supporting part (27). The support part (27) is firmly connected to the interface (28). This interface, however, is attached by means of a snap joint (29) to the cylindrical nozzle (30) of the lid (13), the pressure spring (31) resting on the one side on the lid (13) and on the other side ( 28) exerts an axial force on the support part (27) such that the entire tightly fitting filter insert (32) remains between the support part (27) and the sealing plate (33).

Tesnilna plošča (33) je del iz oblikovane pločevine, ki je pritrjena na cilindrični nastavek (34) osnovne plošče (10). Ta tesnilna plošča (33) tesni neposredno s svojim tesnilnim robom (35) zaključno ploščo (24). Na nasprotni strani filtrskega vložka (32) je kot tesnilni element predviden krožni tesnilni rob (36) nosilnega dela (27). Tudi ta tesnilni tob (36) ustvarja tesnenje neposredno z zaključno ploščo (23). Med nosilnim delom (27) in vmesnikom (28) je predviden filter s cedilnimi ploščami (37) in ploščami (38) in (39). Znotraj tega filtra so na nosilnem delu (27) razvrščene izvrtine (40). V primeru, da pretočni tlak v filtrskem vložku (32) zaradi popolne zamašenosti premočno naraste ali pa zaradi hladnega motorja zgoščeno olje, predvideno za čiščenje, ne teče v zadovoljivi količini skozi filtrski vložek, bo olje šlo preko filtra s cedilnimi ploščami (37), izvrtin (40) ter preko obhodnega ventila (41) v zaporni ventil povratnega toka (20) mimo filtrskega vložka (32,).The sealing plate (33) is a portion of a molded sheet that is attached to the cylindrical extension (34) of the base plate (10). This sealing plate (33) seals directly with its sealing edge (35) of the end plate (24). On the opposite side of the filter cartridge (32), a circular sealing edge (36) of the supporting part (27) is provided as a sealing element. Also, this sealing sleeve (36) creates a seal directly with the end plate (23). A filter with strainer plates (37) and plates (38) and (39) is provided between the support part (27) and the interface (28). The holes (40) are arranged on the carrier part (27) inside this filter. In case the overpressure in the filter cartridge (32) increases due to complete clogging or due to the cold engine, the concentrated oil intended for cleaning does not flow sufficiently through the filter cartridge, the oil will pass through the filter with strainer plates (37). bores (40) and through the bypass valve (41) into the backflow shut-off valve (20) past the filter cartridge (32,).

Obhodni ventil je nastavljen tako, da reagira samo pri določenem diferencnem tlaku med delom za neprečiščeno in delom za že prečiščeno olje. Ta tlak je n.pr. nastavljen na vrednost 2,5 bara. S tem se prepreči pretok nepopolno prečiščenega olja pri normalnem delovanju skozi filter s cedilnimi ploščami (37) ter mešanje z že prečiščenim oljem. Obhodni ventil (41) sestoji iz pločevinastega ohišja (42), ki je prirobljeno na nosilni del (27) in v katerem vzmet ventila (43) pritiska ventilski krožnik (44) v sedež ventila (45) tako, da dobro tesni.The bypass valve is configured to react only at a specified differential pressure between the unrefined part and the already refined part. This pressure is e.g. set to 2.5 bar. This prevents the incompletely refined oil from flowing through the filter with strainer plates (37) during normal operation and mixing with the already refined oil. The bypass valve (41) consists of a sheet housing (42) that is flanged to a support portion (27) in which the valve spring (43) presses the valve plate (44) into the seat of the valve (45) so that it seals tightly.

Zaporni ventil povratnega toka (20) je zgrajen podobno, vendar je tukaj odpiralni tlak ventila bistveno nižji. Znaša n.pr. 0,1 bara. Ta zaporni ventil povratnega toka ima nalogo preprečevanja odtekanja olja iz oljnih kanalov motorja, ko motor miruje.The backflow shut-off valve (20) is similarly constructed, but here the valve opening pressure is significantly lower. It means, e.g. 0.1 bar. This shut-off valve has the function of preventing oil from leaking from the engine oil channels when the engine is stationary.

Za zamenjavo filtrskega vložka (32) odvijemo pokrov (13) z osnovne plošče (10). Na snetem pokrovu (13) se nahaja nosilni del (27) ter vmesnik (28) in tudi oporna cev (19) z nanj nataknjenim filtirskim vložkom (32). Filtrski vložek lahko potegnemo z oporne cevke in ga zamenjamo z novim. Po zamenjavi filtrskega vložka ponovno namestimo pokrov (13) na osnovno ploščo (10). Zamenjani filtrski vložek pa lahko odstranimo s termičnim postopkom. Z uporabo končnih plošč iz kartona in uporabo filtrskega papirja ni potrebno razstavljanje filtrskega vložka na njegove sestavne dele, kot je to primer pri filtrih, ki imajo kovinske končne plošče .To replace the filter cartridge (32), remove the cover (13) from the base plate (10). On the removed cover (13) there is a support part (27) and an interface (28), as well as a support tube (19) with a filter insert (32) attached thereto. The filter cartridge can be removed from the support tube and replaced with a new one. After replacing the filter cartridge, replace the cover (13) on the base plate (10). However, the replaced filter cartridge can be removed by a thermal process. By using cardboard end plates and using filter paper, it is not necessary to disassemble the filter cartridge into its components, as is the case with filters having metal end plates.

V prikazanih risbah so predstavljeni podobni zgrajeni filtri. V izogib ponavljanj opisujemo tukaj vedno samo bistvene značilnosti, ki odstopajo od že opisanih izvedbenih primerov.The drawings shown show similar built filters. In order to avoid repetition, we always describe here only the essential features that deviate from the examples described above.

V sliki 1.) prikazana varianta oljnega filtra predstavlja filtrski vložek (18), katerega spodnja in zgornja končna plošča (23) in (24) ne prekrivata samo čelne strani, ampak tudi manjše področje aksialne razteznosti filtrskega vložka (18). V tem območju prevzameta končni plošči (23) in (24) funkcijo tesnenja. Končna plošča (24) leži na nastavku (34) osnovne plošče in deluje podobno kot radialno tesnilo. Prav tako se končna plošča (23) prilega cilindrični površini nosilnega dela (27) ter tudi v tem primeru prevzema funkcijo tesnila. To radialno tesnenje ima prednost v tem, da dolžinske tolerance filtrskega vložka (18) ne vplivajo na samo funkcijo oljnega filtra.The oil filter variant shown in Figure 1) is a filter insert (18), the lower and upper end plates (23) and (24) of which not only cover the front but also the smaller area of the axial extension of the filter insert (18). In this range, the end plates (23) and (24) assume the function of sealing. The end plate (24) lies on the extension (34) of the base plate and acts much like a radial seal. Likewise, the end plate (23) fits into the cylindrical surface of the support part (27) and in this case also assumes the function of a seal. This radial seal has the advantage that the length tolerances of the filter cartridge (18) do not affect the function of the oil filter alone.

V sliki lc.) je prikazan filter, pri katerem filtrski vložek (18) v povezavi z vzmetjo (31) opravlja funkcijo zapornega ventila za povratni tok. Vzmet (31) izvaja na filtrski vložek (18) aksialno usmerjeno silo v smeri osnovne plošče (10). Filtrski vložek (18) se prilega najmanj na en obročast svitek (105) na osnovni plošči. Ta obročasti svitek (105) objema izvrtino (16), skozi katero doteka neprečiščeno olje.Figure lc.) Shows a filter in which the filter insert (18), in conjunction with the spring (31), acts as a shut-off valve for reverse flow. The spring (31) exerts an axially directed force on the filter insert (18) in the direction of the base plate (10). The filter cartridge (18) fits at least one annular roll (105) on the base plate. This annular roll (105) encloses a bore (16) through which crude oil flows.

Pri normalnem obratovanju se zaradi pritiska neprečiščenega olja dvigne filtrski vložek (18) z obročastega svitka (105) in tako odpre dostop za neprečiščeno olje. V trenutku, ko pritisk v neprečiščenem olju pade, t.j. pri mirovanju motorja z notranjim izgorevanjem, zapre končna plošča (24) izvrtino (16) in s tem prčpreči povratni tok oz. odtekanje v filtru nahajajočega se olja. Končna plošča (24) je, kot opisano pri sliki lb. ), izdelana tako, da tesni radialno.In normal operation, due to the pressure of the crude oil, the filter cartridge (18) is lifted off the annular coil (105) to open access to the crude oil. The moment the pressure in the crude oil drops, i.e. when the internal combustion engine is stationary, the end plate (24) closes the bore (16) and thus prevents backflow or. drainage in the oil filter. The end plate (24) is as described in Figure lb. ) designed to tighten radially.

V sliki 2a.) prikazana varianta oljnega filtra z osnovno ploščo (10) in pokrovom (13) vsebuje namesto filtra s cedilnimi ploščami cedilno košarico (46), ki sega v oporno cevko (19). Osnovna plošča je opremljena z krožnim tesnilnim robom (47). Nanj se prilega končna plošča (48) filtrskega vložka. Na nasprotni strani filtrskega vložka (32) pa opravlja funkcijo tesnilna plošča (49). Ta tesnilna plošča pa je opremljena s tesnilnim robom (50). Tlačna vzmet (51) pritiska na tesnilno ploščo (49) v smeri filtrskega vložka tako, da je zagotovljeno zanesljivo tesnenje končne plošče (52) ob tesnilnem robu (50). Na pokrovu (13) je predviden izpustni vijak (53). Normalno se filter vgrajuje v visečem položaju. Pred odpiranjem pokrova lahko ta izpustni vijak (53) odvijemo, da lahko olje, ki se nahaja v filtrskem ohišju, odteče. Nato pa pokrov odvijemo od osnovne plošče (10). Filtrski vložek (32) lahko vzamemo ven in ga zamenjamo z novim.In Figure 2a.), The variant of the oil filter with the base plate (10) and the lid (13) contains, instead of a filter with strainer plates, a strainer (46) extending into the support tube (19). The base plate is provided with a circular sealing edge (47). The filter insert end plate (48) fits into it. On the opposite side of the filter cartridge (32), the sealing plate (49) has the function. However, this sealing plate is provided with a sealing edge (50). The pressure spring (51) presses against the sealing plate (49) in the direction of the filter insert so as to ensure reliable sealing of the end plate (52) at the sealing edge (50). A drain screw (53) is provided on the cover (13). Normally, the filter is mounted in a suspended position. Before opening the lid, this drain screw (53) can be unscrewed so that the oil inside the filter housing can drain. Then unscrew the lid from the base plate (10). The filter cartridge (32) can be removed and replaced with a new one.

Slika 2b.) prikazuje detajl izpustnega vijaka (53) na pokrovu (13), ki je izdelan iz plastičnega materiala ter je opremljen s pušo (54) in šestkotno vezjo. Ta puša je na zunanji strani zavihana. Za tesnenje puše na pokrovu (13) je predviden utor (55), v katerega se namesti krožni prstan. Izpustni vijak (53) je lahko namesto šestkotnega vijaka izoblikovan tudi kot šestkotni imbus vijak.Figure 2b.) Shows the detail of the discharge screw (53) on the cover (13), which is made of plastic material and is provided with a sleeve (54) and a hexagonal connection. This bush is curled on the outside. To seal the bushing on the cover (13), a groove (55) is provided in which a circular ring is fitted. The discharge screw (53) may also be formed as a hexagonal Allen screw instead of a hexagonal screw.

Slika 3. ) predstavlja še eno varianto oljnega fil‘tra. Ta vsebuje filter s cedilnimi ploščami (56), ki je podoben sličnemu filtru, prikazanem v sliki 1.) . Za ustvarjanje pritisne sile na tesnilno ploščo (49) je predviden vmesni element (57). Na tem vmesnem elementu je pritrjen filter s cedilnimi ploščami kakor tudi tesnilna plošča (49) in oporna cev (19). Vmesni element pa je vpet v cilindrični nastavek (58) pokrova (13). Med pokrovom (13) ter vmesnim elementom (57) pa je nameščena tlačna vzmet (59).Figure 3) is another variant of the oil filter. This one contains a strainer filter (56), which is similar to the filter shown in Figure 1.). An intermediate element (57) is provided to create compressive force on the sealing plate (49). A filter with strainer plates is attached to this intermediate element, as well as a sealing plate (49) and a support tube (19). The intermediate element, however, is clamped into the cylindrical nozzle (58) of the lid (13). A pressure spring (59) is mounted between the lid (13) and the intermediate element (57).

Detajlni prerez v smislu slike 4.) oljnega filtra predstavlja filtrski vložek (32), ki se s svojo končno ploščo (24) prilega odprtini (60). Ta odprtina je izpustna izvrtina, skozi katero odteka v filtrskem ohišju nahajajoče se olje potem, ko smo odvili pokrov (13) na osnovni plošči (10). Med normalnim delovanjem filtra je ta odprtina (60) zaprta s končno ploščo (24). Zaradi tesnilnega učinka končne plošče (24) na tem mestu odpade dodatni tesnilni element. Odprtina (60) vodi naravnost nazaj v karter tako, da je nemoteno odtekanje olja zagotovljenoThe detail section in the sense of Figure 4) of the oil filter is a filter insert (32) that fits into the opening (60) with its end plate (24). This opening is a drain hole through which the oil contained in the filter housing drains after the lid (13) on the base plate (10) has been unscrewed. During normal filter operation, this opening (60) is closed by the end plate (24). Due to the sealing effect of the end plate (24), an additional sealing element is lost at this point. The opening (60) leads straight back into the crankcase so that smooth oil drainage is ensured

Detajlni prerez v smislu slike 5.) prikazuje filtrski vložek (32), kjer je v osnovni plošči (10) predvidena tesnilna plošča (61) s centrirnim robom (62). Kot že omenjeno, se pri menjavi filtrskega vložka (32) natakne nov filtrski vložek na oporno cev (19), pokrov (13) pa se z novim filtrskim vložkom (32) privije na osnovno ploščo (10), Priporočati pa je, da naravnate filtrski vložek (32) in oporno cev (19) s pomočjo centrirnega roba (62) v korekteni položaj tako, da pravilno sede v svoje ležišče.The detail section in the sense of Figure 5) shows a filter insert (32), where a sealing plate (61) with a centering edge (62) is provided in the base plate (10). As mentioned above, when replacing the filter cartridge (32), a new filter cartridge is attached to the support tube (19) and the cap (13) is screwed onto the base plate (10) with a new filter cartridge (32), and it is recommended to adjust the filter insert (32) and the support tube (19) with the centering edge (62) in the correct position so that they properly fit into their place.

Slika 6. ) predstavlja prerez skozi izmenjevalni filter, ki ga je mogoče odpirati. V tem primeru je predvidena osnovna plošča (63), na katero se pritrjuje pokrov (64) preko sredinskega vijačnega spoja (65). Na osnovni plošči (63) je na nastavku (66) pritrjena srednja cev (67). Na to cev je nataknjen filtrski vložek (70). Zaradi elastičnosti vzmeti (68), ki deluje na tesnilno ploščo (69), se filtrski vložek (70) tesno prilega na tesnilno površino (71). Pod tesnilno površino (71) pa je vpeta tlačna vzmet (72). Ta tvori v povezavi z ventilsko ploščo (73) zaporni ventil povratnega toka pri izvrtini za dotok (74). Na gornji strani pokrova (64) je predviden navojni nastavek (75). V ta navojni nastavek (75) pa je privit sredinski vijak (76). S tem sredinskim vijakom se privije pokrov (64) na osnovno ploščo (63) tako, da ga je mogoče snemati. Za zamenjavo filtrskega vložka (70) se celoten filter skupaj z osnovno ploščo odvije od sprejemnega dela, ki pa tukaj ni prestavljen, nato se odvije sredinski vijak (76) in dvigne pokrov (64) z osnovne plošče (63). Sedaj lahko zamenjamo stari filtrski vložek z novim. Ponovno sestavljanje se opravi v obratnem vrstnem redu.Figure 6) represents a section through an exchangeable filter that can be opened. In this case, there is provided a base plate (63) to which the cover (64) is fastened via a center screw connection (65). A central tube (67) is attached to the base plate (63) at the extension (66). A filter cartridge (70) is attached to this tube. Due to the elasticity of the spring (68) acting on the sealing plate (69), the filter insert (70) fits tightly on the sealing surface (71). Under the sealing surface (71) is a pressure spring (72). This, in conjunction with the valve plate (73), forms a shut-off valve at the inlet port (74). A threaded nozzle (75) is provided on the upper side of the cover (64). A central screw (76) is screwed into this threaded nozzle (75). Use this center screw to secure the cover (64) to the base plate (63) so that it can be removed. To replace the filter cartridge (70), the entire filter, together with the base plate, is unscrewed from the receiving part, which is not moved here, then unscrew the center screw (76) and lift the cover (64) from the base plate (63). Now we can replace the old filter cartridge with a new one. Reassembly is done in reverse order.

V sliki 7.) predstavljeni filter je filter z ohišjem in filtrskim vložkom, ki nima kovinskih delov (77), opremljen pa je s silikonskimi končnimi ploščami (78) in (79). V spodnjem območju filtra se ta končna plošča prilega elastičnemu tesnilnemu elementu (80), medtem, ko se na gornjem delu silikonska plošča neposredno prilega pokrovu (81) filtrskega ohišja. Pokrov (81) je z vijakom (83) spojen z ohišjem filtra (82). Potem, ko smo odstranili pokrov (81), lahko snamemo s srednje cevi (84) filtrski vložek (77) in ga nadomestimo z novim. Pri tukaj prikazanemu filtru je dotok neočiščenega olja (85) nameščen na strani, medtem, ko je odtok prečiščenega olja (86) centralna i zvrtina.In Figure 7), the presented filter is a filter with a housing and a filter cartridge that has no metal parts (77) and is provided with silicone end plates (78) and (79). In the lower area of the filter, this end plate fits into the elastic sealing element (80), while in the upper part the silicone plate fits directly into the lid (81) of the filter housing. The cover (81) is connected to the filter housing (82) by a screw (83). After the cover (81) has been removed, the filter tube (77) can be removed from the center tube (84) and replaced with a new one. In the filter shown here, the inflow of the crude oil (85) is positioned on the side, while the outflow of the refined oil (86) is the central bore.

Sliki 8a+b. ) prikazujeta bajonetno zaporo pokrova (87) na ohišju (88). Pri oljnih filtrih z ohišjem se zelo pogosto pokrov privija na ohišje. Zaradi enostavnejšega rokovanja pa je ugodnejše namesto vijačnega spoja izdelati bajonetno zaporo. Takšna zapora je tukaj predstavljena. Pokrov je opremljen s prijemalnim elementom (89) in prikazuje tri, po obodu razvrščene izreze (90), (91) in (92). Pri zapiranju nataknemo te izreze preko bajonetnih segmentov (93), (94) in (95) ter z zasukom pokrova (87) za 60 utrdimo njegov položaj na ohišju. Za tesnenje znotraj nahajajočega se filtrskega vložka (96) poskrbi tlačna vzmet (97) v povezavi s tesnilno ploščo (98). Filtrski vložek (96) pa je s pomočjo srednje cevi (99) fiksiran v svojem radialnem položaju.Figures 8a + b. ) show a bayonet shutter cover (87) on the housing (88). For oil filters with a housing, the cover is often screwed onto the housing. For ease of handling, it is more convenient to make a bayonet bar instead of a screw joint. Such a barrier is presented here. The lid is provided with a gripping element (89) and shows three circumferentially arranged recesses (90), (91) and (92). When closing, we cut these cutouts over the bayonet segments (93), (94) and (95), and rotate the cover (87) by 60 to secure its position on the housing. The seal inside the filter cartridge (96) is sealed by a pressure spring (97) in conjunction with the sealing plate (98). The filter cartridge (96) is fixed in its radial position by means of a medium pipe (99).

Za preprečitev samodejnega odpiranja pokrova so izrezi in bajonetni segmenti v smeri snemanja (odpiranja) razvrščeni stopničasto.To prevent the lid from being opened automatically, cutouts and bayonet segments are arranged in a stepwise direction in the direction of the recording (opening).

FILTEBNEPK MANN & HUMMEL GMBH, Ludwigsburg, NEMČIJAFILTEBNEPK MANN & HUMMEL GMBH, Ludwigsburg, GERMANY

Zastopnica:Representative:

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LEGENDA OŠTEVILČENIH OZNAK osnovna plošča oporni del žagasti navoj pokrov tesnilo izvrtina izvrtina prostor za surovo tekočino filtrski vložek oporna cev zaporni ventil povratnega toka srednja izvrtina tesnilni element zaključna plošča zaključna plošča lepljeni spoj lepljeni spoj nosilni del vmesnik zaskočni spoj nastavek tlačna vzmet filtrska patrona tesnilna plošča nastavek tesnilni rob tesnilni rob filter s cedilno ploščo cedilna plošča cedilna plošča izvrtina obhodni ventil pločevinasto ohišje vzmet ventila ventilski korožnik sedež ventila cedilna košara rob tesnila končna plošča tesnilna plošča rob tesnila tlačna vzmetLEGEND NUMBERED MARK base plate support part saw blade cap seal hole bore hole for liquid liquid filter insert support pipe shut-off valve backflow middle bore seal plate end plate glued joint glued joint carrier spacer joint snap joint snap joint sealing edge sealing edge filter with strainer plate strainer plate strainer hole bore bypass valve sheet housing valve spring valve plate valve seat strainer basket sealing end plate sealing plate edge sealing pressure spring

J končna plošča izpustni vijak puša utor filter na cedilni plošči vmesnik nastavek tlačna vzmet odprtina tesnilna plošča centrirni rob osnovna plošča pokrov sredinski spoj, vijak nastavek srednja cev vzmet tesnilna plošča filtrska patrona površina tesnenja tlačna vzmet ventilska plošča izvrtina za dotok navojni nastavek sredinski vijak filtrska patrona končna plošča končna plošča tesnilni element pokrov ohišje filtra spojno mesto srednja cev vstopno mesto surovega olja izpustno mesto surovega olja pokrov ohišje prijemalni element izrezi izrezi izrezi segmenti bajonetne zapore segmenti bajonetne zapore segmenti bajonetne zapore filtrska patrona tlačna vzmet tesnilna plošča srednja cev odklonska pločevina stožec ventila vzmet zatični kavelj ohišje ventila obročasti svitekJ end plate exhaust screw blows groove filter on strainer interface adapter nozzle pressure spring opening sealing plate center edge base plate center joint, screw nozzle middle pipe spring sealing plate filter cartridge sealing pressure spring valve plate inlet hole screw nozzle center screw end plate end plate seal element filter housing coupling middle hose inlet crude oil inlet raw oil outlet lid housing gripping cutouts cutouts segments bayonet closures bayonet closures segments bayonet closures filter cartridge pressure spring plate lifting plate pin hook valve body annular coil

Claims

1. Filter za pogonska goriva in/ali maziva za motorje z notranjim izgorevanjem, značilen po tem, da sestoji iz ohišja v obliki osnovne plošče (10) s pokrovom (13) in filtrskim vložkom (18), nameščenim v notranjosti filtrskega ohišja, pri čemer je pokrov (13) pritrjen premakljivo na osnovno ploščo (10), filtrski vložek (18) pa se nahaja med osnovno ploščo (10) in pokrovom (13) v podpirajoči legi in ga je mogoče zamenjati.A propellant and / or lubricant filter for internal combustion engines, characterized in that it consists of a baseplate-shaped housing (10) with a lid (13) and a filter cartridge (18) housed inside the filter housing; wherein the cover (13) is movable to the base plate (10) and the filter insert (18) is located between the base plate (10) and the cover (13) in a support position and can be replaced.

2. Filter po zahtevku 1, značilen po tem, da je opremljen z osnovno ploščo (10), ležečo na opornem delu (11), s pokrovom (13), z oporno cevjo (19), nameščeno na pokrovu (13) ali na osnovni plošči (10), s cilindrično oblikovanim filtrskim vložkom (18) z nekovinskima končnima ploščama, nataknjenim na to oporno cev (19) s tesnilnim elementom (33) na osnovni plošči (10), ki se prilega na eno od končnih plošč cilindričnega filtrskega vložka (18), z dodatnim tesnilnim elementom (36), ki se stika z drugo končno ploščo cilindričnega filtrskega vložka (18).Filter according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with a base plate (10) lying on a support part (11), with a cover (13), with a support tube (19) mounted on the cover (13) or on base plate (10), with cylindrical shaped filter cartridge (18) with non-metallic end plates mounted on this support tube (19) with sealing element (33) on base plate (10) that fits into one of the end plates of the cylindrical filter plate cartridge (18), with an additional sealing element (36) that contacts the second end plate of the cylindrical filter cartridge (18).

3. Filter po zahtevku 1, značilen po tem, da je osnovna plošča (10) privita z vijaki na sprejemni del (11) sprejemališča za izmenljive filtrske vložke.Filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the base plate (10) is screwed onto the receiving part (11) of the receptacle for removable filter inserts.

4. Filter po zahtevku 1 ali 2, značilen po tem, da je del s pokrovom (13) povezan z osnovno ploščo (10) s pomočjo navoja (12) ali bajonetne zapore.Filter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lid part (13) is connected to the base plate (10) by means of a thread (12) or a bayonet lock.

5. Filter po zahtevku 1, značilen po tem, da je filtrski vložek (18) pralen sitasti filtrski vložek.Filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter cartridge (18) is a washable filter cartridge.

6. Filter po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, značilen po tem, da je oporna cev (19) na pritrditveni strani opremljena z naslonom, izoblikovanim kot tesnilni element.Filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support tube (19) is provided on the attachment side with a backrest formed as a sealing element.

7. Del s pokrovom za filter po zahtevku 4, značilen po tem, da je del s pokrovom (13) izdelan iz brizgane plastike z notranjimi segmenti navojev.Filter cover part according to claim 4, characterized in that the cover part (13) is made of injection molded plastic with internal thread segments.

8. Filter po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, značilen po tem, da proti osnovni plošči (10) obrnjena čelna stran filtrskega vložka (18) v montiranem stanju zapira izvrtino za odtekanje olja (60).Filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the face of the filter cartridge (18) facing the base plate (10) closes the oil drain hole (60) in the mounted state.

9. Filter po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, značilen po tem, da je znotraj oporne cevi (19) vgrajen obhodni regulacijski ventil (41).Filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a bypass control valve (41) is installed inside the support pipe (19).

10. Filter po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, značilen po tem, da je pred obhodnim ventilom (41) vstavljeno grobo cedilo v obliki cedilne košarice (46) ali cedilne ploščice (38, 39).Filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a coarse strainer in the form of a strainer (46) or a strainer (38, 39) is inserted before the bypass valve (41).

11. Filter po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, značilen po tem, da je na delu s pokrovom (13) nameščen vijak za izpuščanje olja (53).Filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an oil drain screw (53) is mounted on the lid portion (13).

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12. Filter po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, značilen po tem, da je na osnovni plošči (10) nameščen tesnilni element opremljen z odklonsko pločevino (100).Filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a sealing element is provided on the base plate (10) provided with a deflection plate (100).

13. Filter po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, značilen po tem, da je osnovna plošča (10) nameščena na sprejemni del (11) samozavirajoče.Filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base plate (10) is mounted on the self-locking receiving part (11).

14. Filter po zahtevku 9, značilen po tem, da sta oporna cev (19) in sitasta plošča (37) kot podsklop izoblikovana tako, da je - integriran v oporno cev - vgrajen obhodni ventil filtrskega vložka, sestoječ iz ventilskega stožca (101) in tlačne vzmeti (102), ki ga v srednji cevi (19) drži- več zatičnih kavljev (103).Filter according to claim 9, characterized in that the support tube (19) and the sieve plate (37) are designed as a subassembly in such a way that a filter cartridge by-pass valve (101) is integrated into the support tube. and a pressure spring (102) held in place in the middle tube (19) by several locking hooks (103).

15. Filter po zahtevku 1 in 2, značilen po tem, da je del s pokrovom (13) povezan s pomočjo sredinskega vijaka (65) z osnovno ploščo (10).Filter according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the lid part (13) is connected by means of a center screw (65) to the base plate (10).

16. Filter po zahtevku 15, značilen po tem, da je na osnovno ploščo (10) pritrjen zaporni ventil povratnega toka za neprečiščeno olje, sestoječ iz ventilske plošče (73) in vzmeti (72 ) .Filter according to Claim 15, characterized in that a backflow shut-off valve for crude oil consisting of a valve plate (73) and springs (72) is attached to the base plate (10).

17. Filter po zahtevku 15, značilen po tem, daje na osnovno ploščo (10) trdno pritrjen ventil povratnega toka, sestoječ iz ventilskega ohišja (104), ventilske plošče (73) in vzmeti (72).Filter according to claim 15, characterized in that a backflow valve consisting of a valve housing (104), a valve plate (73) and springs (72) is firmly attached to the base plate (10).

18. Filter po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, značilen po tem, da je vsaj ena končna plošča filtrskega vložka izdelana iz določenega plastičnega materiala, predvsem silikona in nudi filtrskemu vložku stabilnost in je razen tega opremljen z krožnim tesnilnim svitkom, omogoča aksialno elastično tesnenje filtrskega vložka proti pokrovu in/ali na osnovno ploščo.18. The filter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one end plate of the filter cartridge is made of a certain plastic material, in particular silicone, which provides stability to the filter cartridge and is further provided with a circular sealing roll, allowing axial elastic sealing of the filter cartridge. against the hood and / or the baseplate.

19. Filter po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, značilen po tem, da je filtrski vložek opremljen s končnimi ploščami (23, 24), pri čemer ima vsaj ena plošča radialno tesnilno površino in ta tesnilna površina z nastavkom (34) osnovne plošče (10) ali cilindiričnim nastavkom nosilnega dela (27) skupno učinkuje.A filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filter insert is provided with end plates (23, 24), wherein at least one plate has a radial sealing surface and this sealing surface with a base plate attachment (34) (10) or having a cylindrical extension of the bearing member (27) jointly effective.

20. Filter po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, značilen po tem, da filtrski vložek (18) s pomočjo vzmeti (31), ki deluje na v soseščini ležečo končno ploščo (24) z radialno silo ter z njo tesni v osnovni plošči (10) nameščeno dotočno odprtino za olje in oblikuje zaporni ventil povratnega toka na strani dotoka neprečiščenega olja.Filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filter insert (18) is supported by a spring (31) acting on the adjacent end plate (24) with radial force and sealed therein in the base plate (10). an oil inlet is installed and forms a backflow shut-off valve on the inflow side of the crude oil.

FILTERWERK MANN & HUMMEL GMBH Ludwigsburg, NEMČIJAFILTERWERK MANN & HUMMEL GMBH Ludwigsburg, GERMANY

Zastopnica:Representative: