SI9210001A

SI9210001A - Testing of electic lines and cables for short-circuit, discontinuities, leakage or incorrect line connection

Info

Publication number: SI9210001A
Application number: SI9210001A
Authority: SI
Inventors: Miran Bricelj; Bogdan Bricelj
Original assignee: 3 Bm
Priority date: 1992-01-06
Filing date: 1992-01-06
Publication date: 1994-06-30
Also published as: DE4244431A1; ITTO930001A0; ITTO930001A1; DE4244431C2; IT1261028B

Abstract

The test appts. locks plug connectors (E', E") at each end of the cable (D). A battery-resistor series circuit is provided between connections (1, 2) at one end of the cable. Adjacent pairs of uneven numbered connections (3 and 5) and adjacent pairs of even numbered connections (4 and 6) are connected at the respective plugs. A light emitting diode is provided at one edge at one end of the cable. USE/ADVANTAGE - For checking short circuits between individual wires, wire breaks, screen/cable shorts, and connection faults of the plug. Simple operation and simple circuit.

Description

Elektronika in mikroračunalniki d.o.o.Electronics and Microcomputers d.o.o.

PREIZKUŠEVALNIK POVEZAV S TRAKASTIMI IN DRUGIMI KABLITAPE AND OTHER CABLE CONNECTIONS TEST

PODROČJE TEHNIKE, V KATERO SPADA IZUMTECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

Izum spada v področje preizkušanja električnih vodnikov na kratek stik, prekinitev, prepustnost ali nepravi priključek, podrobneje pa se nanaša na vezje preizkuševalnika povezav s trakastimi in drugimi kabli.The invention relates to the field of testing of electrical conductors for short circuit, interruption, throughput or incorrect connection, and more specifically relates to the circuit of the tester of connection with tape and other cables.

Po MKP spada izum v razred G 01R 31/02.According to IPC, the invention belongs to class G 01R 31/02.

TEHNIČNI PROBLEMTECHNICAL PROBLEM

Tehnični problem je možnost preprostega in hitrega preizkušanja povezave trakastega in drugega kabla s konektoiji ter pri tem ugotavljanje kratkih stikov med posameznimi žilami, prekinitev žil kakor tudi pravilnost priključitve konektorja na kabel.A technical problem is the ability to easily and quickly test the connection of tape and other cable to connectors, thereby identifying short circuits between individual veins, breaking the veins, as well as the correct connection of the connector to the cable.

STANJE TEHNIKEBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Znan je preizkuševalnik povezav s trakastimi kabli, ki je primeren tudi za preizkušanja ostalih načinov povezav, npr. Centronics in drugih vzporednih kablov. Značilnost takšnega znanega preizkuševalnika povezav je uporaba mehanskega preklopnika, ki ima toliko položajev, kolikor ima preizkušani kabel žil, ki so priključene na posamezne kontakte preklopnika. Na drugem koncu kabla je na vsako posamezno žilo priključena po ena svetleča dioda.A known ribbon cable tester is also suitable for testing other types of connections, e.g. Centronics and other parallel cables. A feature of such a well-known connection tester is the use of a mechanical switch having as many positions as the tested cable of the veins that are connected to the individual contacts of the switch. At the other end of the cable, one LED is connected to each individual conductor.

Takšen preizkuševalnik se odlikuje z zelo preprostim vezjem, s pomočjo katerega je omogočeno, da se preizkusi prepustnost vsake žile posebej, kar je potem vidno s svetenjem vedno ene, tisti žili pripadajoče svetleče diode; če dioda ne zasveti, je to znak, da je žila prekinjena, medtem ko bi svetenje več diod hkrati pomenilo, da je izbrana žila v stiku s sosednjimi žilami. Možno je seveda prav tako ugotoviti, da žile niso ustrezno povezane s konektorjem, kar bi bilo razvidno iz tega, da bi ne zasvetila ustrezni žili pripadajoča dioda, temveč neka druga.Such a tester is distinguished by a very simple circuit which makes it possible to test the permeability of each vein individually, which is then visible by the illumination of always one, the veins of the associated LED; if the diode does not illuminate, this is an indication that the vein is broken, while the illumination of several diodes at the same time would indicate that the selected vein is in contact with adjacent veins. It is also possible, of course, to note that the veins are not properly connected to the connector, which would be evident from the fact that the associated diode does not illuminate the corresponding vein, but from another.

Velika pomanjkljivost takšnega preizkuševalnika je počasnost delovanja in pa velika možnost, da se kakšna napaka v kablu spregleda.A major drawback of such a tester is the slowness of operation and a great chance that any cable defect is overlooked.

Zgoraj opisano mehansko verzijo znanega preizkuševalnika je možno izvesti tudi v elektronski, kakor tudi v mikroračunalniški izvedbi. Delovanje teh izvedb je mnogo hitrejše in tudi zanesljivo, vendar pa je njihova pomanjkljivost v tem, da so elektronska vezja, posebno pri velikem številu kontaktov oz. žil kabla zelo obsežna in sorazmerno draga.The mechanical version of the known tester described above can also be performed electronically as well as microcomputer. The performance of these implementations is much faster and also reliable, but their disadvantage is that they are electronic circuits, especially with a large number of contacts or. cable veins very large and relatively expensive.

OPIS REŠITVE TEHNIČNEGA PROBLEMADESCRIPTION OF THE TECHNICAL PROBLEM SOLUTION

Tehnični problem je bil rešen s preizkuševalnikom povezav po izumu, katerega značilnost je, da lahko ugotavlja kratke stike med posameznimi žilami, prekinitve žil kakor tudi pravilnost priključitve ko n e kt o rja na kabel, pri čemer pa je njegovo vezje izredno preprosto in ne vsebuje nobenih zahtevnih elektronskih delov, prav tako pa za izvajanje samega preizkušanja ni potrebna nobena mehanska operacija razen same priključitve kabla na preizkuševalnik.The technical problem was solved with the connection tester according to the invention, which is characterized by the fact that it can detect short circuits between individual veins, interruptions of the veins as well as the correct connection of the cable to the cable, but its circuit is extremely simple and does not contain any complex electronic parts, and no mechanical operation is required to perform the test itself, except connecting the cable to the tester itself.

V osnovni izvedbi preizkuševalnika po izumu je možno preizkušanje trakastih kablov glede na prepustnost, stike med žilami, kakor tudi premaknjenost priključkov konektorja na samem kablu; pri variantni izvedbi, namenjeni Centronics in drugim vzpored2 nim kablom pa je možno ugotavljati prekinitve žil, kratke stike med sosednjimi kontakti konektorjev ter prekinitve opleta in kratke stike katerekoli žile z opletom ali praznim kontaktom konektoija.In the basic embodiment of the tester according to the invention, it is possible to test the ribbon cables in terms of permeability, joints between the vessels, as well as the displacement of the connector terminals on the cable itself; in the variant design intended for Centronics and other parallel cables, it is possible to detect wire breaks, short circuits between adjacent connector pins, and interruptions of the braid and short circuits of any vein with a braided or empty contact of the connector.

Izvedbeni primeri predmeta izuma bodo podrobneje opisani v nadaljevanju in prikazani na risbah, kjer prikazujejo:Embodiments of the subject matter of the invention will be described in more detail below and shown in the drawings showing:

sl. 1 vezje preizkuševalnika trakastih kablov po izumu ob preizkušanju intaktnega šestžilnega kabla, sl. 2 vezje s sl. 1 s kablom s prekinjeno žilo, sl. 3 vezje s sl. 1 s kablom, pri katerem sta dve žili v kratkem stiku, sl. 4 vezje s sl. 1 s kablom, pri katerem je konektor na kablu premaknjen za en ali več kontaktov, sl. 5 vezje s sl. 1 s kablom, pri katerem je konektor narobe stisnjen, sl. 6 shematsko podano vezje za preizkušanje Centronics in drugih vzporednih kablov po izumu, sl. 7 celovito vezje za preizkušanje Centronics in drugih vzporednih kablov po izumu, sl. 8 splošna shema vezja za preizkušanje trakastih kablov s (4n-2) žilami, sl. 9 splošna shema vezja za preizkušanje trakastih kablov s (4n) žilami, sl. 10 splošna shema vezja za preizkušanje trakastih kablov s (4n-l) žilami, sl. 11 splošna shema vezja za preizkušanje trakastih kablov s (4n+1) žilami in sl. 12 shema vezja za preizkušanje trakastih kablov s 34 žilami, pri katerih je nekaj žil v kablu obrnjenih.FIG. 1 shows a ribbon cable tester circuit according to the invention when testing an intact six-core cable; 2 is a circuit of FIG. 1 with a broken-wire cable; 3 is a circuit of FIG. 1 with a cable in which two veins are short circuited; FIG. 4 is a circuit of FIG. 1 with a cable in which the connector on the cable is moved by one or more contacts; FIG. 5 is a circuit of FIG. 1 with a cable in which the connector is misaligned, FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of a circuit for testing Centronics and other parallel cables according to the invention; FIG. 7 is a complete circuit for testing Centronics and other parallel cables according to the invention; FIG. 8 is a general diagram of a circuit for testing ribbon cables with (4n-2) veins, FIG. 9 is a general diagram of a circuit for testing ribbon cables with (4n) cores; FIG. 10 is a general diagram of a circuit for testing ribbon cables with (4n-l) cores, FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a circuit for testing ribbon cables with (4n + 1) cores and the like; 12 circuit diagram for testing 34-core ribbon cables with some of the wires in the cable facing.

Vezje preizkuševalnika trakastih kablov po izumu je nastalo iz spoznanja, da lahko nastopi kratek stik le med sosednjima kontaktoma konektorjev E’, E” oz. žilama kabla D. S primerno povezavo posameznih žil, kot je prikazana na sl. 1, je možno po eni strani povezati vse žile zaporedno, hkrati pa razdeliti te žile po njihovem položaju v kablu v sode in lihe. Preizkušanje intaktnosti kabla D je izvajano s svetlečo diodo A, katera je napajana z izvorom B enosmerne napetosti, s katerim je zaporedno vezan upor C.The ribbon cable tester circuit of the invention has emerged from the realization that short circuits can only occur between adjacent contacts of connectors E ', E' or. of the cable of the cable D. With the proper connection of the individual veins as shown in fig. 1, it is possible, on the one hand, to connect all the vessels in series, while dividing these vessels by their position in the cable into barrels and odds. Testing the intactness of cable D is performed by a light-emitting diode A, which is powered by a DC source B, with which the resistor C is connected in series.

Iz sl. 1 je razvidno, da so medsebojno zaporedno povezane vse lihe žile 1, 3 in 5 in vse sode žile 2, 4 in 6 kabla D. Če v kablu D ni prekinjena nobena žila in ne nastopa niti kratek stik med žilami, niti nista narobe priključena konektorja E’, E”, zasveti ob pravilni polariteti diode A oz. izvora B dioda A, kar je znak, da kabel s konektorji ne vsebuje poškodb.From FIG. 1 shows that all evil vessels 1, 3 and 5 and all barrel vessels 2, 4 and 6 of cable D. are interconnected in series. If no cable is broken in cable D and there is no short circuit between the vessels, neither are they connected properly of connector E ', E', illuminates with the correct polarity of diode A or. source B diode A, which indicates that the connector cable is free of damage.

Očigledno je, da je v primeru prekinitve ene od žil prekinjen napajalni tokokrog za svetlečo diodo A, tako da ta dioda ne sveti; ta primer prikazuje sl. 2, kjer je prekinjena žila 4.Obviously, in the event of one of the veins being interrupted, the power circuit for LED A is interrupted so that this LED does not light; this example shows FIG. 2, where the vessel is broken 4.

V primeru kratkega stika med žilami lahko nastopi ta samo med sodo in liho žilo kabla D, npr. tako, kot je prikazano na sl. 3, med žilo 4 in žilo 5. Pri tem primeru je dioda A premoščena, tako da prav tako ne sveti.In the case of a short circuit between the veins, this can only occur between the barrel and the vein of the cable D, e.g. as shown in FIG. 3, between core 4 and core 5. In this case, diode A is bridged so that it also does not illuminate.

V primeru premaknjenega konektorja E” na kablu D, kar prikazuje sl. 4, pa je prav tako prekinjen tokokrog napajanja svetleče diode A in tako je s tem, da ta dioda A ne zasveti, javljeno, da kabel ni intakten.In case the connector E ”on cable D is moved, as shown in FIG. 4, however, the power supply of LED A is also interrupted and so that this LED A does not illuminate, it is reported that the cable is not intact.

V primeru, da je konektor E” narobe stisnjen, kot prikazuje sl. 5, to je, da pride prvi kontakt konektorja E” na zadnjo žilo kabla D, je prav tako možno ugotoviti napako, ker je tokrat svetleča dioda A narobe polarizirana.In case the connector E ”is wrongly compressed as shown in FIG. 5, that is, when the first contact of connector E 'arrives at the last vein of cable D, it is also possible to detect an error, because this time the LED A is polarized incorrectly.

Iz gornjih primerov je razvidno, da je s preizkuševalnikom za trakaste kable po izumu možno takoj po njihovi priključitvi na preizkuševalnik v celoti ugotoviti, ali je kabel intakten in uporaben ali pa ne.The above examples show that it is possible to fully determine whether the cable is intact and usable, or not, immediately after connecting them to the tester with the tape cable tester of the invention.

Večji problem pri preizkušanju uporabnosti kabla predstavljajo Centronics in drugi vzporedni kabli, pri katerih lahko nastopajo kratki stiki med katerimikoli žilami v kablu. Izkušnje pa kažejo, da so najverjetnejši stiki med sosednjima kontaktoma v konektorju ali pa med eno žilo in opletom oz. ohišjem.A major problem in testing the usefulness of cable is the Centronics and other parallel cables, which may cause short circuits between any of the veins in the cable. Experience shows, however, that the most likely contacts are between adjacent contacts in the connector or between a single strand and a braid, or. housing.

Preizkušanje uporabnosti kabla poteka tu po podobnih načelih kot pri prej opisanem preizkuševalniku s tem, da so zaporedno povezane vse žile kabla, da se ugotavljajo kratki stiki med sosednjimi kontakti konektorjev z ločevanjem žil na sode in lihe, dodatno pa se ugotavlja lahko tudi prekinitev opleta in kratek stik med katerokoli žilo in opletom ali pa s praznim kontaktom konektorja.Testing the usability of the cable is carried out here according to the same principles as the tester described earlier, in that all the veins of the cable are connected in series to detect short circuits between adjacent contacts of the connectors by separating the vessels into barrels and odds, and additionally, interruption of the braid and short circuit between any vein and braid, or with an empty connector terminal.

Tudi v tem vezju po izumu je indikacija uporabnosti kabla D’, D” izvedena s svetlečo diodo A’, prav tako pa je za napajanje vezja uporabljen izvor B’ enosmerne napetosti, kateremu je zaporedno vezan upor C’. Shematsko je vezje po izumu, ki je prikazano na sl. 6, sestavljeno tako, da je en priključek upora C’ povezan z enim polom izvora B’ enosmerne napetosti, drugi priključek upora C’ pa z enim priključkom Zener diode G, katere drugi priključek je vezan z opletom F na enem koncu kabla, medtem ko je oplet F na drugem koncu kabla povezan s spojno točko enega priključka druge Zener diode J in upora H, drugi priključek Zener diode J pa je povezan z drugim polom izvora B’ enosmerne napetosti in emitorjem tranzistorja I, katerega baza je priključena na drugi priključek upora H, kolektor pa na pričetek povezave lihih žil D”, katerih konec povezave je priključen na en priključek svetleče diode A’, njen drugi priključek pa na en pričetek povezave sodih žil D’, medtem ko je drugi priključek povezav sodih žil D’ povezan s spojno točko Zener diode G in drugega priključka upora C’.Also in this circuit according to the invention, an indication of the usefulness of the cable D ', D' is made by LED A ', and the power supply' B 'is used to supply the circuit' DC 'to which the resistor C' is connected in series. Schematically, the circuit of the invention shown in FIG. 6, assembled such that one resistor terminal C 'is connected to one pole of origin B' of direct voltage and the other terminal of resistance C 'to one Zener diode G terminal, the other terminal of which is bound by braid F at one end of the cable, while the braid F at the other end of the cable is connected to the junction point of one terminal of the other Zener diode J and resistor H, and the other terminal of the Zener diode J is connected to the second pole of the DC source B 'of the transistor I whose base is connected to the other resistor terminal H, and the collector to the start of the connection of odd veins D 'whose end of the connection is connected to one connector of the light-emitting diode A' and its other connector to one start of the connection of even vessels of D ', while the other connector of connections of even vessels of D' is connected to the junction point of Zener diode G and the other resistor terminal C '.

Delovanje vezja po izumu s sl. 6 v celoti omogoča preizkus kablov, katerim je namenjeno. Tako zagotavljata prek opleta F zaporedno vezani Zener diodi J in G obstoj baznega toka za tranzistor I; ob prekinjenem opletu F torej bazni tok ne bo tekel, tranzistor I zaradi tega ne bo postal prevoden in svetleča dioda A’ ne bo svetila. S tranzistorjem I je omogočena tudi regulacija toka skozi svetlečo diodo A’, kajti če bi se kolektorski tok tranzistorja I povečal, bi omenjena svetleča dioda A’ znižala napetost na Zener diodi G, kar ima za posledico padec baznega toka tranzistorja I na takšno vrednost, da postane tranzistor I neprevoden, zaradi česar ugasne tudi svetleča dioda A’.The operation of the circuit of the invention of FIG. 6 fully enables the testing of the cables to which it is intended. In this way, the Zener diodes J and G are connected in series F to the existence of a base current for transistor I; if F is interrupted, then the base current will not flow, transistor I will not become conductive and LED A 'will not illuminate. Transistor I also allows the regulation of current through LED A ', because if the collector current of transistor I was increased, said LED A' would reduce the voltage on Zener diode G, resulting in a drop in the base current of transistor I to such value, to make transistor I non-conductive, which also extinguishes LED A '.

Dioda A’ ne sveti tudi, če so prekinjene sode žile D’ oz. lihe žile D”, seveda pa tudi ne, če so sode žile D’ in lihe žile D” kabla v medsebojnem stiku. Svetleča dioda A’ prav tako ne sveti, če pride do stika med sodimi žilami D’ oz. lihimi žilami D” preizkušanega kabla in njegovim opletom F, kajti takrat pade ob predpostavki, da ima izvor B’ enosmerne napajalne napetosti napetost 3V, napetost na svetleči diodi A’ pod vrednost 1,6V, kar je prenizka napetost, da bi dioda A’ zasvetila.Diode A 'does not light even if vessel vessels D' or. odd veins D ”, but of course not if the barrels D’ and the odd veins D ”of the cable are in contact with each other. The LED 'A' also does not illuminate if there is contact between the even vessels D 'or. the veins D 'of the test cable and its braid F, since then it assumes that the source B' of the DC supply voltage has a voltage of 3V, the voltage on the LED A 'is below 1.6V, which is too low a voltage for the diode A' lit up.

Na sl. 7 je podan primer celovitega vezja preizkuševalnika po izumu za Centronics kable, pri katerem so oznake posameznih sestavnih delov vezja enake kot pri vezju na sl. 6. Na levi strani sl. 7 so prikazani priključki za D-subkonektor, označen z L, na desni strani sl. 7 pa priključki za Centronics konektor, označen s K.In FIG. 7 is an example of a complete tester circuit of the invention for Centronics cables, in which the markings of the individual components of the circuit are the same as those of the circuit of FIG. 6. On the left side of FIG. 7 shows the terminals for the L-labeled D sub-connector on the right-hand side of FIG. 7 shows the connectors for the Centronics connector marked K.

S takšnim preizkuševalnikom je možno ugotoviti vse prekinitve in kratke stike med sosednjimi kontakti na konektorjih in tudi kratke stike z opletom kabla ali praznimi kontakti. Tovrstne napake pri vzporednih kablih tudi najpogosteje nastopajo; s tako preprostim vezjem pa ni mogoče zaznati vseh kratkih stikov med žilami v kablu, ki so manj pogosti, prav tako pa takšen preizkuševalnik ne more ugotoviti vseh možnih zamenjav med žilami.With such a tester, it is possible to detect all interruptions and short circuits between adjacent contacts on the connectors, as well as short circuits with cable braid or empty contacts. Parallel cable errors are also the most common; With such a simple circuit, it is not possible to detect all the short circuits between the veins in the cable that are less common, nor is such a tester able to identify all possible alternations between the veins.

Pri drugačnih vrstah vzporednih kablov je uporabljeno sicer enako elektronsko vezje, kot ga podaja sl. 6, vendar pa je drugače izvedena delitev na sode in lihe žile, kakor tudi povezava med njimi. Že uvodoma je bilo omenjeno, da so potrebne za preizkušanje vzporednih kablov z različnim številom žil variantne izvedbe, katerih skupna značilnost pa je, da obsegajo načeloma enak pristop k reševanju tehničnega problema, t.j. preprostemu načinu ugotavljanja intaktnosti preizkušanega kabla.For other types of parallel cables, the same electronic circuit as that shown in FIG. 6, however, the division into barrels and even vessels, as well as the connection between them, is otherwise effected. It has already been mentioned at the outset that they are necessary for testing parallel cables with different number of veins of variant design, the common feature of which is that they consist in principle the same approach to solving a technical problem, i.e. an easy way to determine the intactness of a tested cable.

Iz osnovne zamisli, prikazane na sl. 1, po kateri so v preizkuševalniku povezav zaporedno vezane vse sode oz. vse lihe žile preizkušanega kabla, so bila potem razvita vezja preizkuševalnikov povezav za kable z različnimi števili žil.From the basic idea shown in FIG. 1, according to which all the drums or drums are sequentially tied in the connection tester. all the evil veins of the cable being tested were then developed for connecting cable testers with different numbers of veins.

Tako prikazuje sl. 8 takšno vezje preizkuševalnikov povezav po izumu za kable z (2n2) žilami, torej za 2, 6, 10, ... žilne kable. Pri tem vezju preizkuševalnikov po izumu je pomembno, da je napajanje, torej zaporedna vezava izvora B enosmerne napetosti in upora C priključeno na priključka 1 in 2 preizkuševalnika na konektorju E’ na eni strani priključkov za kabel, medtem ko je svetleča dioda A priključena na priključka (4n-3) in (4η-2) na tistih priključkih kabla, ki ležijo napajalnim priključkom nasproti, torej na konektoiju E”. Zaradi preglednosti so ti zgoraj opisani priključki na sl. 8 uokvirjeni; enako je to prikazano pri pomembnih priključkih na sl. 9 do 11.Thus, FIG. 8 such a circuit of testers of the invention according to the invention for cables with (2n2) veins, i.e. for 2, 6, 10, ... vascular cables. In this tester circuit according to the invention, it is important that the power supply, ie the sequential connection of the DC source B and the resistance C, is connected to the tester terminals 1 and 2 on the connector E 'on one side of the cable connectors while the LED A is connected to the terminals (4n-3) and (4η-2) on those cable connectors lying opposite the power connectors, ie at connector E ”. For the sake of clarity, the connectors described in FIG. 8 framed; the same is shown in the important connections in FIG. 9 to 11.

Vezje preizkuševalnika povezav po izumu za kable s (4n), torej 4, 8, 12, ... žilami, je prikazano na sl. 9. Pri tem vezju je njegovo napajanje, torej zaporedna vezava izvora B enosmerne napetosti in upora C priključeno na priključka 1 in (4n), na priključka (4n2) in (4n-l) pa je priključena svetleča dioda A, pri čemer se nahajajo vsi ti priključki na konektorju E’ na eni strani priključkov kabla, ki se preizkuša - na sl. 9 so ti narisani na levi strani slike, medtem ko je na tem priključkom nasproti ležeča priključka 1 in 3 na konektorju E” priključena signalna dioda M, medtem ko je na med njima ležeč priključek 2 priključena povezava s priključkom (4n); vsi ti priključki pa ležijo, kot je razvidno, na desni strani slike, to je na konektorju E”. Način povezave preostalih žil kabla je razviden prav tako iz slike 9, pri čemer pa je iz nje zopet razvidno pravilo zaporednega povezovanja sodih oz. lihih žil preizkušanega kabla.The connection tester circuit of the invention for cables with (4n), i.e. 4, 8, 12, ... veins, is shown in FIG. 9. In this circuit, its supply, that is, the sequential connection of the DC source B and the resistance C, is connected to terminals 1 and (4n), and to the terminals (4n2) and (4n-l), LED A is connected, with all of these terminals on connector E 'on one side of the terminals of the cable being tested - in Figs. 9 are drawn on the left side of the figure while a signal diode M is connected to this port opposite the terminals 1 and 3 on the connector E ', while a connection with the terminal (4n) is connected between them 2; and all these connectors are, as you can see, on the right side of the picture, that is, on connector E ”. The method of connecting the remaining veins of the cable can also be seen from Figure 9, but again it shows the rule of sequential connection of barrels or barrels. the odd veins of the tested cable.

Vezje preizkuševalnika povezav po izumu za kable s (4n-l), torej 3, 7,11,... žilami, je prikazano na sliki 10. Njegovo napajanje je identično tistemu, prikazanemu na sl. 8, torej za vezje za kabel s (4n-2) žilami, priključek signalne diode M pa je identičen vezju s sl. 9, medtem ko je en priključek svetleče diode A priključen na priključek (4n1) na konektorju E’ na isti strani kot napajanje, medtem ko je njen drugi priključek povezan s priključkom (4n-2) na konektorju E” na nasprotni strani, pri čemer je dodatno na isti, to je desni strani slike 10 ležeč priključek (4n-l) povezan s priključkom (4n-3), ki leži na sliki nad njim. Tudi pri vezju na sliki 10 je prikazan način povezave preostalih žil kabla z navedbo, na katere priključke naj bodo vezane.The connection tester circuit of the invention for cables with (4n-l), i.e. 3, 7,11, ... veins, is shown in Figure 10. Its power supply is identical to that shown in FIG. 8, thus for a circuit for a cable with (4n-2) veins, and the signal diode connector M is identical to the circuit of FIG. 9, while one LED terminal A is connected to terminal (4n1) at connector E 'on the same side as the power supply, while its other terminal is connected to terminal (4n-2) at connector E' on the opposite side, wherein is additionally to the same, that is, to the right of Fig. 10, the recessed connector (4n-l) is connected to the connector (4n-3) lying in the figure above it. The circuit of Figure 10 also shows the method of connecting the remaining cable cores with an indication of which terminals should be connected.

V nadaljevanju bo opisana še ena varianta vezja preizkuševalnika povezav po izumu in sicer za kable s (4n+l), torej 5,9,13,... žilami, ki je prikazana na sliki 11. Napajanje je priključeno enako, kot je prikazano na sl. 10, torej na priključka 1 in 2 na konektorju E’ na eni strani, na sliki torej na levi strani priključitve preizkušenega kabla, pri čemer sta na isti strani medsebojno povezana tudi priključka (4n-l) in (4n+l) in je na med njima ležeč priključek (4n) priključen en priključek svetleče diode A. Drugi priključek te diode je priključen na priključek (4n+l) na nasproti ležečem konektoiju E”, ki se na sliki nahaja na desni strani, pri čemer je na isti strani med priključka 2 in 4 konektorja E” priključena signalna dioda M. Tudi pri tem vezju so medsebojno zaporedno povezane sode oz. lihe žile kabla, pri čemer je v sliki 11 način povezave tudi nakazan.The following will describe another variant of the connection tester of the invention according to the cables with (4n + l), ie 5,9,13, ... wires, which is shown in Figure 11. The power supply is connected in the same way as shown in FIG. 10, that is, on terminals 1 and 2 on connector E 'on one side, on the figure on the left side of the test cable connection, with connectors (4n-l) and (4n + l) interconnected on the same side and on between them is a terminal (4n) connected to one terminal of LED A. The other terminal of this diode is connected to terminal (4n + l) opposite the connector E ”, which is on the right side, with the same side between Signal diode M connected to terminals 2 and 4 of connector E ”. Even with this circuit, the barrels or barrels are connected in series. odd cable veins, the connection mode shown in Figure 11.

Za strokovnjaka je očitno, da morajo biti polaritete tako izvora B enosmerne napetosti, kakor tudi svetleče diode A in signalne diode M povezane tako, da lahko dioda A pri intaktnem kablu zasveti.It is obvious to one of skill in the art that the polarity of both the DC source B and the LEDs A and the signal diodes M must be connected so that diode A can illuminate in the intact cable.

V nekaterih primerih se dogaja, da je v trakastem kablu nekaj žil obrnjenih; takšni kabli se uporabljajo pri nekaterih disketnih in diskovnih pogojih. Vezje preizkuševalnika, s katerim je možno ugotoviti, ali je pri kablu s štiriintrideset žilami, pri katerem je šest žil ali so štiri žile prekrižane okoli žile trinajst oz. sedemindvajset ali pa potekajo z njima vzporedno, nastopila okvara, je prikazano na sl. 12.In some cases, some veins are turned in the ribbon cable; such cables are used in some floppy and disk conditions. A tester circuit for determining whether a thirty-four-core cable with six or four cores is crossed thirteen or four. twenty-seven or parallel to them, a malfunction is shown in FIG. 12.

Podobne variante vezij, ki jih tukaj samo omenjamo, se lahko izvedejo tudi za Centronics in druge vzporedne kable, pri katerih se v teh variantah uporabljajo različna zaporedja vezave žil.Similar circuit variants, which are only mentioned here, can also be implemented for Centronics and other parallel cables, where different vein-binding sequences are used in these variants.

Glede na veliko število možnih variant preizkuševalnika za druge vrste vzporednih kablov je pomembno predvsem pravilo, da je treba pri konstrukciji takšnih preizkuševalnikov zagotoviti pravo delitev na sode in lihe žile. Pri kablih, v katerih nastopajo posebno neugodne medsebojne notranje povezave, je potrebno za njegovo preizkušanje elektronsko vezje, pri katerem žile v kablu niso razdeljene samo na sode in lihe, temveč tudi v skupine, katerih število je poljubno. Tako v takem preizkuševalniku dejansko preizkušamo tako, da izberemo takšno število skupin, ki omogoča kar največjo zanesljivost preizkusa, predvsem ugotavljanje kratkih stikov med sosednjimi kontakti ali zamenjavo žil.Given the large number of possible tester variants for other types of parallel cables, the rule of thumb is that the construction of such testers must ensure a proper division into barrels and even vessels. In the case of cables with particularly unfavorable interconnections, an electronic circuit is required to test the cable, in which the veins in the cable are not only divided into barrels and odds, but also into groups of any number. Thus, in such a tester, we actually test by selecting the number of groups that provides the highest possible reliability of the test, in particular the identification of short circuits between adjacent contacts or the replacement of veins.

Iz vsega opisanega je razvidno, da omogočajo različna vezja preizkuševalnika po izumu v velikem številu primerov dejansko popolno preizkušanje kabla in njegovih konektorjev glede na njihovo intaktnost in uporabnost. Omenili bi še, da preizkuševalnik po izumu ne potrebuje posebnega vklopa, saj je njegov izvor napajalne napetosti obremenjen samo takrat, kadar je nanj kabel priključen.From all the above, it can be seen that the various circuits of the tester according to the invention in a large number of cases allow the actual complete testing of the cable and its connectors with respect to their intactness and usability. It should also be mentioned that the tester according to the invention does not require special switching, since its source of supply voltage is only loaded when the cable is connected to it.

BM Elektronika in mikroračunalniki d.o.o.:BM Electronics and Microcomputers Ltd.:

PilENTNA PiSARfeAPilent PiSARfeA

i. II l«l .IAKIA *i. II l «l .IAKIA *

LJUBLJANALJUBLJANA

Claims

PATENTNI ZAHTEVKIPATENT APPLICATIONS

1. Preizkuševalnik povezav s trakastimi in drugimi kabli, čemer ima preizkušanj trakast kabel D (4n-2) žil in je n > 2, označen s tem, da je na priključek (1) prve, na enem robu trakastega kabla (D) ležeče žile ter na priključek (2) poleg prve žile ležeče druge žile kabla (D), pri čemer sta ta priključka (1; 2) na konektoiju (E’) na prvem koncu kabla (D), priključena zaporedna vezava izvora (B) enosmerne napajalne napetosti in upora (C), da sta nadalje medsebojno povezana po vsaka dva liha priključka [3-5; 7-9; ...(4n-5)-(4n-3)] in po vsaka dva soda priključka [4-6; 8-10;... (4n-4)-(4n-2)j na konektorju (E’) na prvem koncu kabla (D), prav tako pa sta medsebojno povezana po vsaka dva liha priključka [1-3; 5-7; ... (4n-7)-(4n-5)] in po vsaka dva soda priključka [24; 6-8;... (4n-6)-(4n-4)j na konektorju (E”) na drugem koncu kabla (D), medtem ko je na priključka [(4n-3); (4n-2)j kabla (D) na konektorju (E”) ob njegovem drugem robu in na njegovem drugem koncu priključena svetleča dioda (A).1. Tester for connecting to ribbons and other cables, having the ribbon cable D (4n-2) of the veins tested and n> 2, characterized in that it is attached to the connector (1) of the first, one edge of the ribbon cable (D) veins and to the connector (2) in addition to the first vein of the second cable of the cable (D), wherein these connectors (1; 2) are connected in the connector (E ') at the first end of the cable (D), in series connection of the source (B) supply voltages and resistors (C) to be further connected to each other by two odd terminals [3-5; 7-9; ... (4n-5) - (4n-3)] and every two barrels of connection [4-6; 8-10; ... (4n-4) - (4n-2) j on the connector (E ') at the first end of the cable (D) and are also connected to each other by two odd ports [1-3; 5-7; ... (4n-7) - (4n-5)] and every two barrels of connector [24; 6-8; ... (4n-6) - (4n-4) j on the connector (E ”) at the other end of the cable (D) while on the connector [(4n-3); (4n-2) j of cable (D) on connector (E ”) along its second edge and LED (A) connected at its other end.

2. Preizkuševalnik povezav s trakastimi in drugimi kabli, pri čemer ima preizkušam trakasti kabel D (4n) žil in je n > 2, označen s tem, da je na priključek (1) prve, na enem robu trakastega kabla (D) in priključek (4n) zadnje, na drugem robu istega kabla (D) ležeče žile, pri čemer sta ta priključka (1; 4n) na konektorju (E’) na prvem koncu kabla (D), priključena zaporedna vezava izvora (B) enosmerne napajalne napetosti in upora (C), da sta medsebojno povezana po vsaka dva liha priključka [3-5; 7-9; ... (4n-5)-(4n-3)] in po vsaka dva soda priključka [2-4; 6-8;... (4n-6)-(4n-4)j na konektorju (E’) na prvem koncu kabla (D) ter je na priključka [(4n-2); (4n-l)] priključena svetleča dioda (A) in da je na priključka (1; 3) na drugem koncu kabla (D) priključena signalna dioda (M), da je priključek (2) povezan s priključkom (4n) na konektorju (E”) na istem drugem koncu kabla ter da sta nadalje medsebojno povezana po vsaka dva preostala liha priključka [5-7; ... (4n-3)-(4n1)] in po vsaka dva soda priključka [4-6; ... (4n-4)-(4n-2)] na konektorju (E”).2. Tester for connection to tape and other cables, wherein I have a test strip of cable D (4n) of veins and n> 2, characterized in that it is on the connector (1) of the first, on one edge of the tape cable (D) and the connector (4n) rear, second, second edge of the same cable (D) of the supporting vessel, with these terminals (1; 4n) on the connector (E ') at the first end of the cable (D) connected in series to the source (B) of the DC power supply and resistor (C) being connected to each other by two odd terminals [3-5; 7-9; ... (4n-5) - (4n-3)] and every two barrels of connection [2-4; 6-8; ... (4n-6) - (4n-4) j on the connector (E ') at the first end of the cable (D) and on the connector [(4n-2); (4n-l)] LED (A) is connected and a signal diode (M) is connected to the terminals (1; 3) at the other end of the cable (D), that the terminal (2) is connected to the terminal (4n) on the connector (E ”) at the same other end of the cable, and are further interconnected by each of the two remaining odd terminals [5-7; ... (4n-3) - (4n1)] and every two barrels of connection [4-6; ... (4n-4) - (4n-2)] on the connector (E ”).

3. Preizkuševalnik povezav s trakastimi in drugimi kabli, pri čemer ima preizkušam trakasti kabel D (4n-l) žil in je n > 2, označen s tem, da je na priključek (1) prve, na enem robu trakastega kabla (D) ležeče žile ter na priključek (2) poleg prve žile ležeče druge žile kabla (D), pri čemer sta priključka (1; 2) na prvem koncu kabla (D) na konektorju (E’), priključena zaporedna vezava izvora (B) enosmerne napajalne napetosti in upora (C), da sta nadalje medsebojno povezana po vsaka po dva liha priključka [3-5;79;...(4n-5)-(4n-3)] in po vsaka dva soda priključka [4-6;8-10;...(4n-4)-(4n-2)] na prvem koncu kabla (D) na konektorju (E’) ter da je na priključek (4n-l) na drugem robu kabla (D) na njegovem prvem koncu na konektorju (E’) in na priključek (4n-2) na njegovem drugem koncu na konektorju (E”) priključena svetleča dioda (A), na priključka (1;3) na drugem koncu kabla (D) na konektoiju (E”) pa signalna dioda (M) ter da sta medsebojno povezana po vsaka dva liha priključka [5-7;9-ll;...(4n-3)-(4n-l)j in po vsaka dva soda priključka [24;6-8;...(4n-6)-(4n-4)] na drugem koncu kabla (D) na konektorju (E”).3. Tester for connecting to ribbon and other cables, wherein I have a ribbon cable D (4n-l) with veins and n> 2, characterized in that it is on the connector (1) of the first one edge of the ribbon cable (D). the cores and to the connector (2) in addition to the first core of the second cable of the cable (D), wherein the terminals (1; 2) at the first end of the cable (D) on the connector (E ') are connected in series by a single source connection (B) supply voltages and resistors (C) to be further connected to each other by two odd bits [3-5; 79; ... (4n-5) - (4n-3)] and by two bits of terminal each [4- 6; 8-10; ... (4n-4) - (4n-2)] at the first end of the cable (D) at the connector (E ') and to the connector (4n-l) at the second edge of the cable (D) ) a light-emitting diode (A) is connected to its first end at the connector (E ') and to the connector (4n-2) at its other end at the connector (E'), to the terminals (1; 3) at the other end of the cable (D) at the connector (E ”) there is a signal diode (M) and that they are connected to each other two odd connectors [5-7; 9-ll; ... (4n-3) - (4n-l) j and every two barrels of connectors [24; 6-8; ... (4n-6) - ( 4n-4)] at the other end of the cable (D) on the connector (E ”).

4. Preizkuševalnik povezav s trakastimi in drugimi kabli, pri čemer ima preizkušanj trakasti kabel D (4n+l) žil in je n>l, označen s tem, da je na priključek (1) prve, na enem robu trakastega kabla (D) ležeče žile ter na priključek (2) poleg prve žile ležeče druge žile kabla (D), pri čemer sta priključka (1; 2) na konektoiju (E’) na prvem koncu kabla (D), priključena zaporedna vezava izvora (B) enosmerne napajalne napetosti in upora (C), da sta nadalje medsebojno povezana po vsaka dva liha priključka [3-5;7-9;... (4n-l)-(4n+l)] in po vsaka dva soda priključka [4-6;8-10;...(4n-4)-(4n-2)j na konektorju (E’) na prvem koncu kabla (D) ter da je na priključek (4n) na konektorju (E’) na prvem koncu kabla (D) in na priključek (4n+l) na konektoiju (E”) na drugem koncu kabla (D) priključena svetleča dioda (A), da je na priključka (2;4) na konektorju (E”) na drugem koncu kabla (D) priključena signalna dioda (M) ter da sta na drugem koncu kabla (D) na konektoiju (E”) medsebojno povezana po vsaka dva liha priključka [l-3;5-7;...(4n-3)-(4n-l)] in po vsaka dva preostala soda priključka [6-8;...(4n-2)-(4n)j.4. Tester for connecting to ribbon and other cables, the test having a ribbon cable D (4n + l) of veins and n> l, characterized in that it is on the connector (1) of the first, on one edge of the ribbon cable (D) the supporting veins and to the connector (2) in addition to the first vein of the second cable of the cable (D), wherein the connectors (1; 2) at the connector (E ') at the first end of the cable (D) are connected in series by a single source connection (B) supply voltages and resistors (C) to be further connected to each other by two bits of connector [3-5; 7-9; ... (4n-l) - (4n + l)] and by each two bits of terminal [4 -6; 8-10; ... (4n-4) - (4n-2) j on the connector (E ') at the first end of the cable (D) and on the connector (4n) on the connector (E') at the first end of the cable (D) and the connector (4n + l) at the connector (E ”) at the second end of the cable (D) is connected by a light-emitting diode (A) to the connector (2; 4) at the connector (E”) at a signal diode (M) is connected to the other end of the cable (D) and that there is a connector at the other end of the cable (D) (E ”) interconnected by each two odd connections [l-3; 5-7; ... (4n-3) - (4n-l)] and by each two remaining connection receptacles [6-8; ... (4n-2) - (4n) j.

5. Preizkuševalnik povezav s trakastimi in drugimi kabli, pri čemer ima preizkušani trakasti kabel (D) štiriintrideset žil, pri katerem je lahko šest ali so lahko štiri žile prekrižane okoli trinajste oz. sedemindvajsete žile ali pa potekajo ravno mimo njih, označen s tem, da sta medsebojno povezana po vsaka dva liha priključka (l-3;5-7;...29-31) in po vsaka dva soda priključka (24;6-8;...30-32) na konektoiju (E’) na prvem koncu kabla (D) in da je na priključek (33) in priključek (34) na konektorju (E’) na prvem koncu kabla (D) priključena svetleča dioda (A), da je na priključek (1) in priključek (2) na konektoiju (E”) na drugem koncu kabla (D) priključena zaporedna vezava izvora (B) enosmerne napajalne napetosti in upora (C), da sta na istem konektorju (E”) na drugem koncu kabla (D) medsebojno povezana po vsaka dva liha priključka (3-5;7-9;ll-l5;13-17;19-21;23-27;25-29;31-33) in po vsaka dva soda priključka (4-6;8-10;...32-34) na konektorju (E”) kabla (D).5. A tester for connection with ribbon and other cables, wherein the tested ribbon cable (D) has thirty-four wires, of which six or four wires may be crossed about thirteen or four. twenty-seven veins, or passing straight thereon, characterized in that they are interconnected by two odd joints (l-3; 5-7; ... 29-31) and by every two barrels of connection (24; 6-8 ; ... 30-32) at the connector (E ') at the first end of the cable (D) and an LED is connected to the connector (33) and the connector (34) at the connector (E') at the first end of the cable (D) (A) that there is a series connection of the source (B) of the DC power supply and the resistor (C) to the connector (1) and the connector (2) at the connector (E ”) at the other end of the cable (D) so that they are on the same connector (E ”) at the other end of the cable (D) interconnected at each other by two odd plugs (3-5; 7-9; ll-l5; 13-17; 19-21; 23-27; 25-29; 31-33 ) and every two barrels of connectors (4-6; 8-10; ... 32-34) on the connector (E ”) of the cable (D).

6. Preizkuševalnik povezav s trakastimi in drugimi kabli, pri čemer je prvi konec Centronics kabla D’,D” priključen na D-sub konektor L s petindvajset priključki, drugi konec istega kabla pa Centronics konektor K s šestintrideset priključki, označen s tem, da je svetleča dioda (A) priključena na priključka (1;14) konektorja (L), da je na njegov priključek (2) priključena spojna točka enega priključka Zener diode (G) in enega priključka upora (C’), na katerega drugi priključek je priključen en pol izvora (B) enosmerne napajalne napetosti, katerega drugi pol je priključen na spojno točko emitoija tranzistorja (I) in enega priključka Zener-diode (J), na katere drugi priključek so priključeni en priključek upora (H), katerega drugi priključek je potem povezan z bazo tranzistorja (I), ter priključki (15,16, 17,18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28), ter priključek opleta (F) na konektorju (K) kabla (D’, D”) ter da je kolektor tranzistorja (I) priključen na priključek (36) istega konektorja (K) in je drugi priključek Zener-diode (G) priključen na priključek opleta (F) na konektorju (L) ter da so medsebojno povezani priključki (13-25;12-24;ll-23;10-22;9-21;8-20;7-19;618;5-17;4-16;3-15;) na konektorju (L) in priključki (33-31;14-12;32-13;30ll;29-10;9-5;27-7;8-6;25-4;23-3;21-2;l-19) na konektorju (K).6. Band and other cable tester, the first end of the Centronics cable D ', D' being connected to the D-sub connector L with twenty-five connections and the other end of the same cable to the Centronics connector K with thirty-six connections, characterized in that the light-emitting diode (A) is connected to the terminals (1; 14) of the connector (L) so that its junction point (2) is connected to one terminal of the Zener diode (G) and one resistor terminal (C ') to which the other terminal one source pole (B) of DC power is connected, the other pole of which is connected to the junction point of the transistor (I) and one Zener diode (J) terminal to which the other resistor (H) is connected, the other the connector is then connected to the base of the transistor (I), and the terminals (15,16, 17,18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28), and the braid connector (F) on the cable connector (K) (D ', D ”) And that the transistor collector (I) is connected to the connector (36) of the same connector (K) and the second Zener diode connector (G) is connected to the braid connector (F) at the connector (L) and that the interconnected terminals (13-25; 12-24; ll-23; 10 -22; 9-21; 8-20; 7-19; 618; 5-17; 4-16; 3-15;) on connector (L) and connectors (33-31; 14-12; 32-13; 30ll; 29-10; 9-5; 27-7; 8-6; 25-4; 23-3; 21-2; l-19) on connector (K).

ZaFor

3 BM Elektronika in mikroračunalniki d.o.o.:3 BM Electronics and Microcomputers Ltd.:

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