SI7912975A8 - Device for producing glass fibres - Google Patents

Description

SAINT-GOBAIN INDUSTRIESSAINT-GOBAIN INDUSTRIES

Priprava za izdelavo steklenih vlakenPreparation for the manufacture of fiberglass

PODROČJE TEHNIKETECHNICAL FIELD

Izum spada na področje stekla in v okviru tega na področje izdelave vlaken iz vlečnotekPčega stekla, v danem primeru s centrifugiranjem.The invention relates to the field of glass and, in this context, to the field of production of fiber glass beams, optionally by centrifugation.

V mednarodni razvrstitvi patentov je predmet izuma uvrščen v razred C 03B 37/04.In the international patent classification, the object of the invention is classified in class C 03B 37/04.

TEHNIČNI PROBLEMTECHNICAL PROBLEM

Izhajajoč iz priprave za izdelavo vlaken iz stekla ali podobne termoplastične snovi, zlasti mineralov, s pomočjo centrifuge, katere os je navpična in v katero doteka steklo, ki pri vrtenju centrifuge teče k notranji površini obodne stene razdelilnega bobna, v katerem so razporejene puščalne odprtine, sko2 zi katere se steklo centrifugalno odvaja v obliki pramenov ali primarnih niti vlaken in pri čemer je predvidena naprava, ki na izhodu iz gorilne komore vzpostavlja prstančen tok plina za izvlačenje ali raztezanje niti navzdol vzdolž zunanje površine perforiranega pasu obodne stene bobna, je izum osnovan na problemu, kako gornjo napravo nadalje modificirati, da bo z njo moč proizvajati vlakna za izdelavo izolacijskih proizvodov, ki bodo izpostavljeni temperaturam vse do približno 480°C, kar pomeni, da gre za izdelavo vlaken iz zelo trdih stekel.Starting from a device for making fibers of glass or a similar thermoplastic substance, in particular minerals, by means of a centrifuge, the axis of which is vertical and into which glass flows, when rotating the centrifuge, to the inner surface of the circumferential wall of the distribution drum, in which the apertures are arranged, by means of which the glass is centrifugally discharged in the form of strands or primary filaments of fibers, and wherein a device is provided which, at the outlet of the combustion chamber, establishes a ring gas stream for extracting or extending the filaments downward along the outer surface of the perforated belt circumference of the drum, the problem of how to modify the above device so that it can produce fibers for the manufacture of insulating products, which will be exposed to temperatures up to about 480 ° C, which means that they are made of very hard glass fibers.

STANJE TEHNIKEBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Znana je naprava (FR 1 382 917), v kateri se predeluje mehko steklo, ki doteka v boben, ki je razporejen v osrednjem območju centrifuge in ima obodno steno z navpično v medsebojnih razdaljah razporejenimi nizi porazdelilnih odprtin za steklo, tako da steklo, ki doteka iz porazdelilnega bobna, doseže obodno steno centrifuge po pretežnem delu navpične dimenzije. Tedaj se med zgornjim robom obodne stene in njenim spodnjim robom tvori znatna temperaturna razlika. Zaradi tega je zgornji rob pod višjimi temperaturami kot spodnji rob, to pa v glavnem zaradi tega, ker se zgornji rob nahaja v bližini izhodiščnega območja izvlačilnega toka. Razen tega ima obodna stena po celotni višini enako debelino ali pa je v smeri proti zgornjemu robu debelejša kot v smeri spodnjega roba. Nadalje pri znani napravi obstojajo dimenzijske razlike glede premera med odprtinami zgornjih nizov centrifuge in onimi iz spodnjih nizov.A device (FR 1 382 917) is known in which soft glass is processed which flows into a drum arranged in the central area of the centrifuge and having a circumferentially arranged wall with a series of distribution openings for the glass so that the glass which flowing from the distribution drum, reaches the circumferential wall of the centrifuge after most of the vertical dimension. Then a significant temperature difference is formed between the upper edge of the peripheral wall and its lower edge. Because of this, the upper edge is at higher temperatures than the lower edge, and this is mainly because the upper edge is located near the baseline of the withdrawal flow. In addition, the circumferential wall has the same thickness throughout its height or is thicker in the direction towards the upper edge than in the direction of the lower edge. Furthermore, in the known apparatus there are dimensional differences in diameter between the openings of the upper rows of the centrifuge and those of the lower rows.

Znani so že napori, da bi dosegli, da se stekleni prameni preko zgornjih odprtin centrifugalno odvajajo z večjim pretokom kot pa stekleni prameni v spodnjih odprtinah, kar pomeni razpored vlaken v obliki dežnika. S tem se namreč prepreči medsebojno križanje, prepletanje in zvarjanje vlaken,,kar je sicer slučaj, če se stekleni prameni centrifugalno odvajajo skozi zgornje in spodnje nize izstopnih odprtin na isti oddaljenosti.Efforts have already been made to achieve that the glass strands are centrifugally discharged through the upper openings at a higher flow rate than the glass strands in the lower openings, which means an arrangement of umbrella fibers. This prevents cross-bending, interlocking and welding of the fibers, which is the case when glass beams are centrifugally discharged through the upper and lower rows of outlets at the same distance.

Čeprav pri nekaterih znanih ureditvah spodnji rob centrifuge dodatno ogrevajo, je treba za potrebe dežnikaste razporeditve vlaken vzdrževati razliko med temperaturo stekla na zgornjem in spodnjem robu centrifuge. Zgornji rob centrifuge je pri tem izpostavljen višji temperaturi, spodnji rob pa nižji, četudi se poslužijo dodatnega ogrevanja. Na osnovi te temperaturne razlike med nekako 1050°C na zgornjem robu centrifuge in približno 95O°C na spodnjem je viskoznost stekla zgoraj manjša kot spodaj in iz tega sledi lahek pretok skozi zgornje odprtine, tako da se stekleni prameni na zgornji strani centrifuge centrifugalno odvajajo dlje kot pa na spodnji.Although, for some known arrangements, the lower edge of the centrifuge is additionally heated, it is necessary to maintain the difference between the glass temperature at the upper and lower edges of the centrifuge for the purposes of umbrella fiber arrangement. The upper edge of the centrifuge is exposed to a higher temperature and the lower edge to a lower temperature, even if additional heating is used. On the basis of this temperature difference between about 1050 ° C at the upper edge of the centrifuge and about 95O ° C at the lower, the glass viscosity is lower than below, resulting in a light flow through the upper openings, so that the glass strands at the top of the centrifuge are centrifugally discharged further than on the lower one.

Pri znani tehniki lahko dosežejo navedene cilje samo ob uporabi mehkih stekel.With the prior art, these goals can only be achieved by using soft glasses.

REŠITEV PROBLEMASOLUTION TO THE PROBLEM

Problem je s pripravo, ki obsega vrteč se razdelilni boben z obodno steno, ki vsebuje nize odprtin za centrifugalno odvajanje steklenih pramenov iz talilnotekočega stekla na osnovi centrifugalne sile, in pihalno napravo, ki izvaja okrog razdelilnega bobna navzdol usmerjen prstančen tok izvlačilnega plina, rešljiv po izumu s tem, da zunanji boben vsebuje obodno steno z večjo debelino v smeri območja svojega spodnjega roba, pri čemer so nizi odprtin .izvedeni v spodnjem in zgornjem območju, da je v tem bobnu razporejena naprava za dovod talilnotekočega stekla k notranji strani obodne stene, ki obsega razdelilnik z obodno steno z razdelilnimi odprtinami za steklo, ki so razporejene v ravnini zgornjega niza odprtin obodne stene zunanjega bobna ali v njeni neposredni bližini, medtem ko je obodna stena razdelilnika v svojih preostalih območjih brez perforacije. Steklo, ki se predeluje v vlakna, se dovede v območje zgornjega niza odprtin bobna, kjer se tvori laminaren tok stekla, ki se na notranji površini obodne stene bobna napredujoče razširja v smeri navzdol v obliki sloja, ki nastaja brez ovir in v glavnem brez vpliva na druge nize izstopnih odprtin. Za dodatno ogrevanje spodnjega območja obodne stene bobna je predvidena grelna naprava. Steklo, ki je v tem območju, je na temperaturi, ki leži v bližini temperature stekla v območju zgornjega roba.The problem is with a device comprising a rotating divider drum with a circumferential wall containing a series of openings for centrifugally separating glass beams from a centrifugal-force melting glass, and a blower which conducts a circular exhaust gas stream around the distributor drum. the invention having the outer drum having a circumferential wall of greater thickness in the direction of the region of its lower edge, the arrays of openings being made in the lower and upper regions, in which a device for supplying melting glass to the inside of the circumferential wall is arranged therein, comprising a peripheral wall manifold with glass manifolds arranged in the plane of the upper set of openings of the peripheral wall of the outer drum or in its immediate vicinity, while the circumferential wall of the manifold is in its remaining areas without perforation. The glass processed into the fibers is brought into the region of the upper set of drum openings, where a laminar flow of glass is formed, extending progressively downward in the inner surface of the drum wall in the form of a barrier-free and substantially unaffected layer. to other sets of outlets. A heating device is provided for additional heating of the lower circumference of the circumferential wall of the drum. The glass in this range is at a temperature close to the glass temperature in the upper edge region.

V modificirani izvedbi, pri kateri je v notranjosti bobna razporejena dovajalna in porazdelilna naprava za steklo, ta naprava vodi steklo iz osrednjega območja v notranjosti bobna navzven, preusmerna in razdelilna naprava pa obsega preusmerne in porazdelilne organe za steklo s prstančnim razdelilnikom, ki je razporejen v notranjosti bobna in v radialni smeri med dovodno napravo za steklo in obodno steno bobna. Razdelilnik obsega napravo, s katero se steklo dovaja v območje zgornjega niza odprtin za tvorbo vlaken, s čimer se tvori tok stekla, ki teče na notranji strani obodne stene bobna in preko drugih nizov izstop nih odprtin v smeri navzdol. Preusmerni in razdelilni organi imajo prstančno kapno letev, ki je v smeri k notranji strani in na robu opremljena s prekotočno pregrado, ki vodi steklo v ravnini, ležeči v območju zgornjega niza odprtin. Preusmerni in razdelilni organi imajo prstančen lijak, ki je v smeri k notranji strani odprt in je na dnu opremljen s tako razporejenimi porazdelilnimi odprtinami, da le-te vodijo steklo naprej v ravnini, ki leži v območju zgornjega niza odprtin.In a modified embodiment in which a feeding and distribution device for the glass is arranged inside the drum, this device guides the glass from the central region inside the drum outwards, and the reversing and distribution device comprises the diversion and distribution bodies for the glass with a ring distributor arranged in inside the drum and in the radial direction between the glass feeder and the circumferential wall of the drum. The manifold comprises a device by which the glass is fed into the area of the upper set of openings for fiber formation, thereby forming a stream of glass flowing on the inside of the circumferential wall of the drum and through other sets of outlet openings downwards. The diverting and dividing bodies have a ring-shaped lath which, in the direction towards the inside and at the edge, is provided with a cross-section barrier which guides the glass in a plane lying in the region of the upper set of openings. The diverters and distributors have a ring hopper which is open towards the inside and is provided with distributor openings at the bottom so that they guide the glass forward in a plane lying in the region of the upper set of openings.

Dodatno je predviden prstančen porazdelilni lijak, ki je vključen v radialni smeri med kanalom in obodno steno bobna in je na dnu opremljen s porazdelilnimi odprtinami, ki vodijo steklo naprej v ravnini, ležeči v območju zgornjega niza odprtin.An annular distribution funnel is also provided, which is included in the radial direction between the channel and the circumferential wall of the drum and is provided at the bottom with distribution openings leading the glass forward in a plane lying in the region of the upper set of openings.

Dovodna naprava za steklo obsega notranji razdelilni boben, ki je razporejen v notranjosti zunanjega bobna ter se s slednjim vrti in ima obodno steno z razdelilnimi odprtinami za steklo, ki so razporejene v ravnini preusmernih in porazdelilnih organov ali v neposredni bližini le-teh.The glass delivery device comprises an internal distribution drum arranged inside the outer drum which rotates with the latter and has a circumferential wall with glass opening openings arranged in the plane of the diversion and distribution bodies or in the immediate vicinity thereof.

Zunanji boben obsega obodno steno z večjo debelino v smeri svojega spodnjega roba kot v smeri zgornjega roba in z v obeh območjih razporejenimi nizi odprtin kakor tudi dovodno napravo, ki je razporejena v notranjosti bobna in dovaja steklo notranji strani obodne stene, dovodna naprava pa dovaja steklo k območju zgornjega niza odprtin v zadostni količini, da so vsi nizi odprtin preskrbljeni s tolikšno količino stekla, ki zagotavlja tok stekla na notranji površini obodne stene bobna v obliki neovirane plasti, ki se centrifugalno odvaja skozi odprtine spoddnjih nizov.The outer drum comprises a circumferential wall of greater thickness in the direction of its lower edge than in the direction of the upper edge and a series of openings arranged in both regions, as well as a feeder arranged in the interior of the drum and supplying glass to the inner side of the circumferential wall and supplying the glass to the area of the upper set of openings in a sufficient quantity that all the sets of openings are provided with a sufficient amount of glass to provide glass flow on the inner surface of the peripheral wall of the drum in the form of an unobstructed layer which is centrifugally discharged through the openings of the lower sets.

Obodna stena bobna je najdebelejša na spodnjem robu, najtanjša na srednjem območju in s srednjo vrednostjo na svojem zgornjem robu.The circumferential wall of the drum is thickest at the lower edge, the thinnest in the middle region and with the middle at its upper edge.

Za obodno steno bobna je predvidena ojačevalna konstrukcija, ki je razporejena v notranjosti bobna in opremljena z na pravo, ki jo povezuje z osrednjim območjem obodne stene v točkah, razporejenih v medsebojnih oddaljenostih vzdolž oboda.A reinforcing structure is provided for the circumferential wall of the drum, which is arranged inside the drum and is provided with a straight line connecting it to the central area of the circumferential wall at points arranged in mutual distances along the circumference.

Za steklo je dodatno predvidena dovodna naprava, ki je razporejena v notranjosti bobna in preusmerja in razdeljuje steklene pramene na steno bobna v območju, ležečem v bližini njegovega zgornjega roba.The glass is additionally provided with an inlet arrangement arranged inside the drum, which redirects and distributes the glass strands to the wall of the drum in an area adjacent to its upper edge.

V nadaljnji modifikaciji je k spodnjemu robu obodne stene bobna priključen prstančen ojačevalni del, ki je glede na spod nji rob obodne stene zamaknjen radialno navznoter in ima vzporedno z osjo bobna v preseku večjo dimenzijo kot je debelina obodne stene.In a further modification, a ring reinforcing portion is attached to the lower edge of the circumferential wall of the drum, which is radially inwardly displaced relative to the lower edge of the circumferential wall and has a larger dimension parallel to the axis of the drum than the thickness of the circumferential wall.

Prstančni ojačevalni del imajoklep, ki - izhajajoč iz spod njega roba obodne stene - štrli navznoter in katerega debelina napredujoče narašča v smeri njegovega notranjega roba.The annular reinforcement portion has an armature which, projecting from the lower edge of the circumferential wall, protrudes inwards and whose thickness increases progressively in the direction of its inner edge.

Prstančni ojačevalni del je cilindričen in manjšega preme ra kot spodnji rob obodne stene in predvidena je povezovalna naprava, ki povezuje svoj zgornji rob s spodnjim robom obodne stene.The annular reinforcement portion is cylindrical and smaller in diameter than the lower edge of the circumferential wall and a connecting device is provided to connect its upper edge to the lower edge of the circumferential wall.

Dovodna naprava dovaja steklo v območje zgornjega niza odprtin bobna in s tem izvaja laminaren tok stekla, ki teče na notranji površini obodne stene bobna v obliki plasti, v glavnem brez motenj, preko niza odprtin v smeri navzdol. DodatnaThe inlet device feeds the glass into the region of the upper set of drum openings, thereby executing a laminar flow of glass that flows on the inner surface of the peripheral wall of the drum in a layer, generally undisturbed, through a series of openings downwards. Extra

Ί grelna naprava ogreva območje spodnjega roba obodne stene bobna na temperaturo, ki leži približno pri temperaturi v bližini zgornjega območja stene. Debelina obodne stene narašča od zgornjega območja k spodnjemu in premer odprtin kakor tudi debelina stene v zgornjih in spodnjih območjih sta izvedena tako, da pri dani viskoznosti tvorita proti izstopu stekla na osnovi centrifugalnega učinka odpor, ki je v spodnjih nizih odprtin večji kot v zgornjih, tako da je kljub v bistvu enakomerni viskoznosti stekla v tok izvlačilnega plina odvedena količina stekla pri steklenih pramenih, izstopajočih iz odprtin zgornjih nizov, večja kot pri pramenih, izstopajočih iz spodnjih nizov.Ί The heating device heats the area of the lower edge of the circumferential wall of the drum to a temperature that lies approximately at a temperature near the upper area of the wall. The thickness of the circumferential wall increases from the upper region to the lower and the diameter of the openings, as well as the wall thickness in the upper and lower regions, are formed so that, at a given viscosity, a glass is formed against the exit of the glass by a centrifugal effect that is greater in the lower series of openings than in the upper ones, so that, despite the essentially uniform viscosity of the glass, the amount of glass taken away from the openings of the upper arrays is greater than that of the arrays exiting the lower arrays in the exhaust gas stream.

Razdelilnik v notranjosti bobna obsega obodno steno z razdelilnimi odprtinami za steklo, ki ležijo v ravnini zgornjega niza odprtin obodne stene bobna ali v njeni neposredni bližini.The manifold inside the drum comprises a circumferential wall with glass partition openings which lie in the plane of the upper set of openings of the circumferential wall of the drum or in its immediate vicinity.

Predvidena je še naprava, ki nasprotuje upogibanju navzven osrednjega območja obodne stene bobna pod učinkom centrifugalne sile.Also provided is a device which opposes the bending outward of the central region of the circumferential wall of the drum under the effect of centrifugal force.

Omenjena naprava obsega ojačitveno konstrukcijo, ki je razporejena v notranjosti bobna in je na točkah, ki so razporejene vzdolž oboda, priključena k osrednjemu območju obodne stene .Said device comprises a reinforcing structure arranged inside the drum and connected to the central area of the circumferential wall at points arranged along the circumference.

PRIMERI IZVEDBEPERFORMANCE EXAMPLES

Nadaljnje značilnosti in prednosti izuma bomo opisali na osnovi izvedbenih oblik, predstavljenih v priloženih načrtih, v katerih kaže:Further features and advantages of the invention will be described on the basis of the embodiments presented in the accompanying drawings showing:

sl. 1 osni prerez priprave za izdelavo vlaken z vrtilnim bobnom in s pihalnim generatorjem, ki ustvarja prstančen tok plina za izvla'čenje, ki je usmerjen navzdol vzdolž obodne stene bobna, sl. 1a detajl razdelilnega bobna iz priprave s slike 1 v razviti ponazoritvi;FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a device for producing fibers with a rotating drum and a blower generator, which generates a ring stream of extraction gas directed downwards along the circumferential wall of the drum; FIG. 1a is a detail of the distribution drum of the apparatus of Figure 1 in the developed illustration;

sl. 2 do 6 vsakokrat osni prerez, kot na sl. 1, modificiranih izvedbenih oblik zunanjega bobna in naprav za dovod plina sl. 7 detajl v osnem prerezu, nanašajoč se na montažno ureditev naprave za dovod stekla v notranjost zunanjega bobna s sl. 6;FIG. 2 to 6 each axial section, as in FIG. 1, modified external drum design and gas supply devices FIG. 7 is a view in axial section, referring to the mounting arrangement of the glass inlet device of the outer drum of FIG. 6;

sl. 8 detajl analogno sl. 7 za pojasnitev ureditve druge dovajalne naprave za centrifugo s sl. 4 in 5;FIG. 8 is a detail analogous to FIG. 7 for explaining the arrangement of the second centrifuge feeder of FIG. 4 and 5;

sl. 9 perspektivni pogled na del ojačevalne konstrukcije za centrifugi s sl. 4 in 5;FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a portion of a reinforcing structure for centrifuges of FIG. 4 and 5;

ter sl. 10 in 11 prerez izvedbenih oblik perforirane obodne stene bobna.and FIG. 10 and 11 are cross-sectional views of the perforated peripheral wall of the drum.

Pri izvedbeni obliki centrifuge po sl. 1 nosi pokončna osrednja votla gred 10 na svojem spodnjem koncu pesto 11, na katerega je obešen vlaknilni boben 12 centrifuge, sestoječ iz obodne stene 13, v kateri so izvedeni nizi odprtin in katere zgornji rob je s pestom 11 povezan preko osrednjega pritrdilnega zvona 14. Odprtine v steni 13 bobna 12 so risarsko prikazane le v prerezni ravnini, samo po sebi pa je umevno, da so razporejene okoli in okoli v več nizih na navpičnih razmikih.In the centrifuge embodiment of FIG. 1 bears an upright central hollow shaft 10 at its lower end, a hub 11 to which a spinning drum drum 12 consisting of a circumferential wall 13 in which a series of openings is made, and the upper edge of which is connected to the hub 11 via a central fastening bell 14 is hung. The openings in the wall 13 of the drum 12 are shown in the drawing only in the cross-section plane, and in themselves it is conceivable that they are arranged around and around in several series at vertical intervals.

Na svojem spodnjem robu je boben 12 opremljen s prstančno pri9 robnico 15, ki štrli navznoter in s katero je povezan zgornji rob cilindričnega obroča 16, ki izvaja ojačitveno ali togostno funkcijo.At its lower edge, the drum 12 is provided with a ring edge 9 which protrudes inwards, and to which is connected the upper edge of the cylindrical ring 16 which performs a reinforcing or rigid function.

V notranjosti vlaknilnega bobna 12 je razporejen razdelilni boben 17, ki se vrti skupaj s prvim in ima en sam niz razdelilnih odprtin 18, razporejenih v ravnini zgornjega niza odprtin obodne stene 13 bobna 12. Razdelilni boben 17 je pritrjen na pestu 11 s pomočjo navznoter pomaknjenih reber 17a.Inside the fiber drum 12 is arranged a distribution drum 17 which rotates together with the first and has a single set of distribution openings 18 arranged in the plane of the upper set of openings of the circumferential wall 13 of the drum 12. The distribution drum 17 is fixed to the hub 11 by means of inwardly displaced ribs 17a.

Tok S stekla doteka središčno skozi gred 10 v notranjost razdelilnega bobna 17, na katerega dnu se razleze do perforirane obodne stene 17b bobna 17. Tam steklo tvori plast, iz katere iztekajo navzven skozi odprtine 18 prameni 19 v radialni smeri proti notranji površini obodne stene 13 bobna 12. Od tod odteka steklo navzdol vzdolž notranje površine stene 13 in s tem čez perforacijo stene 13·Current From the glass flows centrally through the shaft 10 to the inside of the distribution drum 17, at which bottom it extends to the perforated peripheral wall 17b of the drum 17. There, the glass forms a layer from which the strands 19 extend outwardly through openings 18 of the beam 19 in the radial direction to the inner surface of the circumferential wall 13 drum 12. From here, the glass flows down along the inner surface of the wall 13 and thus over the perforation of the wall 13 ·

Izhajajoč iz laminarnega toka prodre steklo brez oviranja v odprtine stene 13 in se centrifugalno odvaja v obliki primarnih pramenov, katere izvlači ali napenja prstančni tok plina, ki se tvori v spodaj opisani napravi.Starting from the laminar flow, the glass penetrates without obstruction into the openings of the wall 13 and is centrifugally discharged in the form of primary beams, which are extracted or tensioned by the ring stream of gas formed in the device described below.

Sl. 1a kaže izvedbeno obliko porazdelilne stene 17b bobna 17 z dvema nizoma porazdelilnih odprtin l8a, ki so razporejene v cikcakastem zaporedju v bližini skupne ravnine, tako da steklo odteka v območje zgornjega niza odprtin obodne stene 13 bobna 12.FIG. 1a shows an embodiment of the distribution wall 17b of drum 17 with two sets of distribution openings l8a arranged in a zigzag sequence near the common plane such that the glass drains into the area of the upper set of openings of the circumferential wall 13 of the drum 12.

Priprava s sl. 1 obsega s prstančno šobo 21 opremljeno prstančno komoro 20, ki je priključena na gorilniške komore 22, ki so opremljene z napravami, v katerih zgoreva gorivo, pri čemer se nastale vroče pline izkorišča za izvlačenje oz. natezanje steklenih vlaken. Dobljeni prstančni plinski tok je usmer jen navzdol in kot plinska zavesa obdaja boben 12.The preparation of FIG. 1 comprises a ring nozzle 21 equipped with a ring chamber 20 which is connected to the combustion chambers 22, which are equipped with devices in which it combusts the fuel, whereby the generated hot gases are used for extraction or extraction. fiberglass tensioning. The resulting ring gas stream is directed downward and surrounds the drum 12 as a gas curtain.

Predmetna priprava je opremljena še z grelno napravo 23 za ogrevanje spodnjega roba bobna 12. Naprava 23 je zasnovana kot prstančen visokofrekvenčni grelnik, katerega notranji premer je večji od zunanjega premera stene 13 bobna 12 in je razporejena na majhni oddaljenosti pod obročem 16. |Taradi sorazmerno visoke hitrosti vrtenja bobna 12 je le-ta izpostavljen zelo veliki centrifugalni sili, in ker priprava obratuje pri visoki temperaturi, stremi osrednje območje obodne stene 13 za tem, da bi se izbočilo navzven. Tej težnji nasprotuje ojačitvena ali togostna naprava kot sledi:The apparatus is further provided with a heating device 23 for heating the lower edge of the drum 12. The device 23 is designed as a ring high-frequency heater whose inside diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the wall 13 of the drum 12 and is disposed at a short distance below the ring 16. | the high speed of rotation of the drum 12 is subjected to a very large centrifugal force, and since the device is operated at high temperature, the central region of the circumferential wall 13 is forced to project outwards. This tendency is opposed by a reinforcing or rigid device as follows:

Pri izvedbi po sl. 1 je ojačevalna naprava zasnovana kot cilindričen obroč 16, ki je preko prstančne prirobnice 15, ki leži v bistvu v radialni ravnini, pritrjen na spodnjem robu obodne stene 13. Obroč 16 ima v osni smeri večjo dimenzijo od srednje ali celo največje debeline obodne stene 13 bobna 12.In the embodiment of FIG. 1 is a reinforcing device designed as a cylindrical ring 16 which, via a ring flange 15 lying substantially in the radial plane, is fixed at the lower edge of the circumferential wall 13. The circumference 16 has a larger dimension in the axial direction than the median or even maximum thickness of the circumferential wall 13 drum 12.

Čeprav se debelina stene 13 lahko povečuje enakomerno od zgoraj navzdol, kot je prikazano v sl. 1, pa pridejo v poštev tudi drugačne izvedbene oblike. Tako npr. sl. 10 kaže presek obodne stene 13 bobna 12, ki ima največjo debelino v spodnjem območju, najmanjšo debelino v osrednjem in srednjo debelino v svojem zgornjem območju.Although wall thickness 13 may increase uniformly from top to bottom, as shown in FIG. 1, however, different embodiments are also appropriate. So e.g. FIG. 10 shows a cross-sectional view of a circumferential wall 13 of drum 12 having a maximum thickness in the lower region, a minimum thickness in the central and medium thickness in its upper region.

Čeprav je pri izvedbah po sl. 1 in 10 zunanja zgornja površina obodne stene 13 konična, torej ima večji premer na spodnji strani kot na zgornji, se samo po sebi razume, da ima ta zunanja površina lahko tudi cilindrično obliko, (sl. 11).Although in the embodiments of FIG. 1 and 10, the outer upper surface of the circumferential wall 13 is conical, thus having a larger diameter on the lower side than on the upper one, it is self-evident that this outer surface can also have a cylindrical shape, (Fig. 11).

Po izumu je v perforiranem delu obodne stene 13 predvidenih vsaj 15 odprtin na cm², prednostno med 15 in 45 ali 50 odprtinami na cm². Smotrna vrednost leži v velikostnem redu 35 odprtin na cm². Premer uporabljenih odprtin leži smotrno med 0,8 mm in 1,2 mm.According to the invention, at least 15 openings per cm ² are provided in the perforated portion of the peripheral wall 13, preferably between 15 and 45 or 50 openings per cm ² . The reasonable value is in the order of 35 openings per cm ² . The diameter of the openings used lies between 0.8 mm and 1.2 mm.

Pri izvedbeni obliki po sl. 2 je na spodnjem koncu osrednje gredi 10 pritrjeno pesto 24, na katerega je obešen boben 25. Kot pri prvi izvedbeni obliki je tudi tu predvidena prstančna komora 20 s prstančno šobo 21 za izvlačilno natezalni plinski tok vzdolž obodne stene 26 bobna 25. Na spodnjem robu obodne stene 26 je razporejen prstančen oklep 27, ki je usmerjen navznoter in katerega debelina se radialno navznoter enakomerno povečuje. Velikost njegovega spodnjega roba v osni smeri, torej višina,je vsaj enaka osrednji debelini stene 26, prednostno pa je večja od največje debeline te stene 26.In the embodiment of FIG. 2, a hub 24 is attached to the lower end of the central shaft 10, to which the drum 25 is hung. As in the first embodiment, a ring chamber 20 is also provided here with a ring nozzle 21 for extractive tensile gas flow along the circumferential wall 26 of the drum 25. At the lower edge the circumferential walls 26 have a ring armor 27 that faces inward and whose thickness increases radially inwardly. The size of its lower edge in the axial direction, i.e. height, is at least equal to the central thickness of the wall 26, and preferably larger than the maximum thickness of that wall 26.

Znotraj bobna 25 in soosno z njim je pritrjen razdelilni boben 28, ki je po obodu izveden z nizom porazdelilnih odprtin 29. Tok _S stekla doteka od zgoraj v boben 28, nakar ga vrtenje bobna 28 potisne v obliki steklenih pramenov 30 radialno navzven.Inside the drum 25 and coaxially therewith is mounted a distributor drum 28, which is made around the circumference by a series of distribution openings 29. The stream _S of the glass flows from above into the drum 28, after which the rotation of the drum 28 pushes it in the form of glass beams 30 radially outwards.

Med razdelilni boben 28 in obodno steno 26 bobna 25 je vstavljen prstančen lijak 31, ki je odprt k notranji strani bobna 25 in ima v ta namen v svojem dnu niz vodoravno usmerjenih odprtin za izstop pramenov 32 k obodni steni 26 bobna 25.A ring hopper 31 is inserted between the dividing drum 28 and the circumferential wall 26 of the drum 25, which is open to the inside of the drum 25 and has for this purpose a series of horizontally oriented openings for the outlet of the strands 32 to the circumferential wall 26 of the drum 25.

Boben 28 je pri dani velikosti naprave manjšega premera kot boben 17 pni izvedbeni obliki po sl. 1, pa je v kombinaciji s prstančnim lijakom 31 po sl. 2 zgotovljeno natančnejše dova12 janje stekla v območje zgornjih nizov porazdelilnih odprtin za tvorbo vlaken. Lijak 31 je pritrjen na prirobničnem delu pesta 24 s pomočjo obes 31a.The drum 28 is of a smaller diameter than the drum 17 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, in combination with the ring hopper 31 of FIG. 2 finer precision feeds 12 glass into the region of the upper sets of distribution openings for fiber formation. The funnel 31 is secured to the flange portion of hub 24 by means of suspensions 31a.

Sl. 3 kaže glede na sl. 2 modificirano izvedbeno obliko. Sprememba se nanaša na zasnovo vmesnega porazdelilnega elementa med notranjim bobnom 28 in zunanjim bobnom 25. Tu gre za s termično izoliranimi obesami 33a na pestu 24 pritrjeno prstančno žlebasto prelivno letev 33, ki je zasnovana s kanalom, obrnjenim k notranjemu bobnu 28, tako da prestreže steklene pramene 30, izstopajoče iz bobna 28, medtem ko je spodnji rob tega kanala zasnovan kot preliven jez 34, tako da steklo, ki doteka v letev 33, izteka iz nje in se s pomočjo centrifugalne sile dovaja na notranjo površino obodne stene 26 bobna 25. Prelivni jez 34 zagotavlja dovajanje stekla v ravnini zgornjega niza odprtin obodne stene 26.FIG. 3 shows according to FIG. 2 modified embodiment. The change relates to the design of the intermediate distributor element between the inner drum 28 and the outer drum 25. This is a thermally insulated hanger 33a on the hub 24, which is attached to a ring groove lath 33, which is designed with a channel facing the inner drum 28 so as to intercept the glass strands 30 extending from the drum 28, while the lower edge of this channel is designed as an overflow dam 34 such that the glass flowing into the rail 33 escapes from it and is supplied by centrifugal force to the inner surface of the circumferential wall 26 of the drum 25 The overflow dam 34 provides glass inlet in the plane of the upper set of openings of the peripheral wall 26.

Delovanje naprave po sl. 3 se od one po sl. 2 razlikuje po tem, da se tu dovaja steklo od letve 33 v obliki sloja 35, tam pa v obliki pramenov 32.The operation of the device according to FIG. 3 from the one of FIG. 2 is distinguished by the fact that glass is supplied here from the strip 33 in the form of a layer 35 and there in the form of beams 32.

Naprava v izvedbeni obliki po sl. 4 obsega boben 36, ki ima v primerjavi z bobnoma 12, 25 po sl. 1 do 3 znatno večjo vertikalno dimenzijo. Pri napravi po sl. 4 je uporabljen podoben notranji boben 28 kot na sl. 3· Boben 28 vodi steklene pramene 30 k prstančni odkapni letvi 33, ki ima podobno zasnovo kot ona na sl. 3. Letev 33 po sl. 4 pa posreduje steklo prstanč nemu lijaku 37, ki je odprt k notranji strani bobna 36 in je pritrjen na nosilnem obroču 38, ki je razporejen znotraj bobna 36 in je nanj priključen v območju njegovega zgornjega roba.The apparatus in the embodiment according to FIG. 4 comprises a drum 36 having, compared to the drums 12, 25 of FIG. 1 to 3 significantly larger vertical dimension. In the apparatus of FIG. 4, a similar inner drum 28 is used as in FIG. 3 · The drum 28 leads the glass strands 30 to the annular pick-up strip 33, which is similar in design to that in FIG. 3. The lath 33 of FIG. 4, however, transmits a ring glass 37 to a hopper open to the inside of the drum 36 and secured to a support ring 38 disposed inside the drum 36 and connected thereto in the region of its upper edge.

Zgornji rob cilindričnega obroča 38 je pritrjen na vrat bobna 36, medtem ko je njegov spodnji rob izveden z zunanjim utorom 38a, v katerega je vložen prosti rob 36a bobna 36, ki je usmerjen navzdol. Obroč 38 je razen tega priključen na osnovno ploščo 38b. Obroč 38 in plošča 38b sta izvedena z luknjami. Iz srednjega območja notranje površine stene bobna 36 (prim. sl. 9) štrlijo navznoter sidrirne konzole 39, ki nosijo prstan 39a, ki uprijema v rebro 380, priključeno k obroču 38 in opremljeno z ustreznim žlebom. S to vezjo je boben 36 togostno vezan na notranji obroč 38.The upper edge of the cylindrical ring 38 is fixed to the neck of the drum 36, while its lower edge is made by an outer groove 38a into which a free edge 36a of the drum 36 is directed, pointing downwards. Ring 38 is further connected to base plate 38b. Ring 38 and plate 38b are made with holes. From the middle area of the inner surface of the wall of the drum 36 (cf. FIG. 9) project anchor brackets 39 inwardly, bearing a ring 39a that resists a rib 380 connected to the ring 38 and provided with a corresponding groove. With this circuit, the drum 36 is rigidly connected to the inner ring 38.

Pri ponazoritvi na sl. 8 so predstavljeni detajli lijaka 37 in togostnega obroča 38. Izstopne odprtine 40 so zasnovane na osnovi lijaka 37 in dopuščajo izstopanje steklenih pramenov skozi odprtine 41, ki so izdelane v obroču 38 soosno z odprtinami 40.In the illustration of FIG. 8 shows the details of the funnel 37 and the rigid ring 38. The outlet openings 40 are designed on the basis of the funnel 37 and allow the glass beams to protrude through the openings 41, which are made in the ring 38 coaxially with the openings 40.

Pri izvedbeni obliki po sl. 5 je boben 42 podobne zasnove kot boben 36 v sl. 4, ima pa manjši premer in je zato notranji razdelilni boben 43 večjega premera kot razdelilni boben 28 pri ureditvi po sl. 4. Stekleni prameni 44 tečejo iz obodnih odprtin bobna 43 direktno v lijak 37. Togostna osnovna plošča 38b je tu središčno izrezana.In the embodiment of FIG. 5 is a drum 42 similar in design to drum 36 in FIG. 4, however, has a smaller diameter and therefore the inner distribution drum 43 is larger than the distribution drum 28 in the arrangement of FIG. 4. The glass strands 44 extend from the circumferential openings of the drum 43 directly into the funnel 37. The rigid base plate 38b is here centrally cut.

V sl. 6 je prikazana podobna ureditev kot na sl. 3, le da je prelivna letev 45 pritrjena direktno na steno bobna 25, kar je kot detajl predstavljeno na sl. 7·In FIG. 6 shows a similar arrangement to FIG. 3, except that the overflow lath 45 is attached directly to the wall of the drum 25, which is shown in detail in FIG. 7 ·

S slik 7 in 8 je razen navedenega razvidno, da je med steno bobna 25, 36 in prelivno letev 45 oz. lijak 37 vgrajena toplotnoizolacijska plast 46.Figures 7 and 8 show, in addition to the above, that 45, respectively, between the drum wall 25, 36 and the overflow lath. hopper 37 integrated thermal insulation layer 46.

Navedba najboljšega načina za gospodarsko izkoriščanje izumaAn indication of the best way to make economic use of the invention

Pri realizaciji izuma je treba računati s tem, da gre v povprečju za naprave večjih dimenzij, kot je to v stroki običajno, da gre za obratovanje pri višjih temperaturah in da se predeluje večji izbor steklenih sestav.In realizing the invention, it should be appreciated that, on average, these are devices of larger dimensions than is customary in the art, that they are operated at higher temperatures and that a larger selection of glass compositions is processed.

Osrednji razdelilni boben je izveden s 75 do 200 odvodnimi odprtinami. Prirejen je zunanjemu bobnu premera 400 mm, ki je na svojem zgornjem robu segret na okrog 1050°C, na spodnjem pa na okrog 950°C.The central distribution drum is designed with 75 to 200 drainage openings. It is designed for an external 400 mm diameter drum, heated at about 1050 ° C at its upper edge and at about 950 ° C at the lower edge.

Grelna naprava naj ima moč okrog 60 kW pri frekvenci 10 kHz. Segrevanje naj bo naravnano na vrednost okoli 10 do 20°C nad temperaturo razsteklitve uporabljenega stekla.The heating system should have a power of about 60 kW at a frequency of 10 kHz. The heating should be adjusted to a value of about 10 to 20 ° C above the glass transition temperature of the glass used.

Debelina obodne stene zunanjega bobna naj bo zgoraj okoli 3, spodaj 6 mm. Perforačijski koeficient izbiramo med 15 in 50 odprtinami/cm², premer odprtin pa med 0,8 in 1,2 mm. Višina obodne stene lahko znaša do 80 mm.The outer wall circumference of the outer drum should be about 3 mm above, 6 mm below. The perforation coefficient is selected from 15 to 50 apertures / cm ² and the aperture diameter is between 0.8 and 1.2 mm. The height of the perimeter wall can be up to 80 mm.

Claims (7)

1. Priprava za izdelavo steklenih vlaken s centrifugirnim bobnom, katerega stena je izvedena z nizi odprtin za centrifugalno odvajanje steklenih pramenov iz talilnotekočega stekla, in s pihalno napravo, ki izvaja okrog centrifugirnega bobna navzdol usmerjen tok izvlačilnega plina, označena s tem, da je znotraj perforirane, z debelino, ki je v območju spodnjega roba večja od one v zgornjem območju, zasnovane obodne stene (13) bobna (12) soosno z bobnom (12) vgrajen z nizom razdelilnih,v ravnini zgornjega niza odprtin obodne stene (13) lociranih odprtin (18) zasnovani razdelilni boben (17), pni čemer je na odmiku od bobna (12) in soosno z njim postavljena obročasta grelna naprava (23).1. A glass fiber manufacturing plant with a centrifugal drum, the wall of which is formed by a series of openings for centrifugally discharging the glass strands from the melting glass, and with a blower device carrying downwardly directed exhaust gas flow around the centrifuge drum, characterized in that perforated, having a thickness greater than that in the lower edge region in the region of the upper edge, the circumferential wall (13) of the drum (12) co-located with the drum (12) is mounted with a series of dividers located in the plane of the upper series of openings of the circumferential wall (13) the openings (18) are designed a distribution drum (17), at which the annular heating device (23) is arranged at a distance from the drum (12) and coaxially therewith. 2. Priprava po zahtevku 1 in v modifikaciji I, označena s tem, da je med obodno steno (26) bobna (25) in razdelilni boben (28) postavljen vmesni porazdelilni lijak (31).Device according to claim 1 and in modification I, characterized in that an intermediate distribution funnel (31) is arranged between the circumferential wall (26) of the drum (25) and the distribution drum (28). 3. Priprava po zahtevku 2 in v modifikaciji II, označena s tem, da je med boben (25) in boben (28) postavljena prelivna letev (33).Device according to claim 2 and in modification II, characterized in that an overflow lath (33) is arranged between the drum (25) and the drum (28). 4. Priprava po zahtevku 3, označena s tem, da je prelivna letev (33) zasnovana s proti razdelilnemu bobnu (28) usmerjenim prelivnim jezom (34).Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the overflow lath (33) is formed by an overflow dam (34) directed against the distribution drum (28). 5. Priprava po zahtevku 1 in v modifikaciji III, označena s tem, da je med perforirano obodno steno bobna (36; 42) in notranji razdelilni boben (28; 43) postavljen ojačevalni obroč (38), ki je s prvim povezan linijsko na svojem zgornjem in spodnjem ter točkovno na vmesnem območju.Device according to claim 1 and in modification III, characterized in that a reinforcing ring (38) is connected between the perforated peripheral wall of the drum (36; 42) and the inner distributor drum (28; 43), which is connected in a linear manner to the former. its upper and lower points in the intermediate area. 6. Priprava po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov in v.modifikaciji IV, označena s tem, da je porazdelilni lijak (37) oz. prelivna letev (45) postavljena stično ob zgornjem območju obodne stene perforiranega bobna (25), (36), (42).Device according to one of the preceding claims and v. Modification IV, characterized in that the distribution funnel (37) or. overflow lath (45) placed adjacent to the upper circumference of the peripheral wall of the perforated drum (25), (36), (42). 7. Priprava po kateremkoli zahtevku 1 do 6, označena s tem, da je obodna stena (13) bobna (12) s svojim spodnjim robom preko navznoter usmerjene prstančne prirobnice (15) povezana s togostnim obročem.(16).Device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the circumferential wall (13) of the drum (12) is connected to a rigid ring via its inwardly oriented annular flange (15).