SI26010A - Machine for surface treatment of workpieces of wood, plastic or similar materials - Google Patents

Machine for surface treatment of workpieces of wood, plastic or similar materials Download PDF

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Publication number
SI26010A
SI26010A SI202100170A SI202100170A SI26010A SI 26010 A SI26010 A SI 26010A SI 202100170 A SI202100170 A SI 202100170A SI 202100170 A SI202100170 A SI 202100170A SI 26010 A SI26010 A SI 26010A
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Slovenia
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workpieces
machine
frame
segment
machining
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SI202100170A
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Slovenian (sl)
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Gregor Ledinek
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Gregor Ledinek
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Priority to SI202100170A priority Critical patent/SI26010A/en
Publication of SI26010A publication Critical patent/SI26010A/en
Priority to DE102022122920.3A priority patent/DE102022122920A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27C—PLANING, DRILLING, MILLING, TURNING OR UNIVERSAL MACHINES FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL
    • B27C1/00—Machines for producing flat surfaces, e.g. by rotary cutters; Equipment therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B7/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B7/06—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor involving conveyor belts, a sequence of travelling work-tables or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B7/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B7/20—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground
    • B24B7/28—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground for grinding wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27C—PLANING, DRILLING, MILLING, TURNING OR UNIVERSAL MACHINES FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL
    • B27C1/00—Machines for producing flat surfaces, e.g. by rotary cutters; Equipment therefor
    • B27C1/02—Smoothing, i.e. working one side only

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Milling, Drilling, And Turning Of Wood (AREA)

Abstract

Stroj za ploskovno obdelavo obdelovancev iz lesa, umetne mase ali podobnih materialov predstavlja stroj (1) sestavljen iz delovne enote (2) in delovne enote (3) za večstransko površinsko in/ali debelinsko ploskovno obdelavo ploščatih obdelovancev (15) različnih širin s pomočjo obdelovalne glave (7, 8) z rotirajočim orodjem. Bistvo stroja (1) predstavlja inovativna konstrukcija vakuumskega tračnega transporterja (11) s prehodnimi vakuumskimi komorami (12) in konstrukcija segmentnih pritisnih loput (9) v sklopu vstopne mize (6) znotraj delovne enote (2) ter konstrukcija segmentnih pritisnih loput (10) v sklopu delovne enote (3). Konstrukcija stroja (1) omogoča kontinuirano ploskovno obdelavo tudi ekstremno tankih ploščatih obdelovancev (15) brez sunkov in zastojev ob visoki hitrosti obdelave, kar zagotavlja njihovo konstantno debelino in kvaliteto obdelanih površin.Machine for surface treatment of workpieces of wood, plastic or similar materials is a machine (1) consisting of a work unit (2) and a work unit (3) for multifaceted surface and / or thickness surface treatment of flat workpieces (15) of different widths by means of machining heads (7, 8) with rotating tool. The essence of the machine (1) is the innovative design of the vacuum belt conveyor (11) with transitional vacuum chambers (12) and the design of segment pressure dampers (9) within the entrance table (6) inside the work unit (2) and the design of segment pressure dampers (10) within the work unit (3). The construction of the machine (1) enables continuous surface machining of extremely thin flat workpieces (15) without shocks and jams at high machining speeds, which ensures their constant thickness and quality of machined surfaces.

Description

STROJ ZA PLOSKOVNO OBDELAVO OBDELOVANCEV IZ LESA, UMETNE MASE ALI PODOBNIH MATERIALOVMACHINE FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF WORKPLACES OF WOOD, PLASTIC OR SIMILAR MATERIALS

Predmet izumaThe subject of the invention

Predmet izuma je stroj za ploskovno obdelavo obdelovancev iz lesa, umetne mase ali podobnih materialov, oziroma natančneje stroj za večstransko površinsko in/ali debelinsko ploskovno obdelavo ploščatih obdelovancev iz lesa, umetne snovi ali podobnih materialov z rotirajočim orodjem, ki med drugim obsega inovativno konstrukcijo vakuumskega tračnega transporterja in segmentnih vstopnih pritisnih loput.The subject of the invention is a machine for surface treatment of workpieces made of wood, plastic or similar materials, or more precisely a machine for multifaceted surface and / or thickness surface treatment of flat workpieces made of wood, plastic or similar materials with rotating tools, including innovative vacuum design belt conveyor and segment inlet pressure dampers.

Tehnični problemTechnical problem

Tehnični problem, ki ga rešuje izum je takšna konstrukcija stroja za ploskovno obdelavo ploščatih obdelovancev, ki bo s pomočjo inovativnega vakuumskega tračnega transporterja in izvirnih segmentnih vstopnih pritisnih loput omogočala hitro in pretočno potovanje ploščatih lesnih ali plastičnih obdelovancev skozi stroj, ob hkratni kvalitetni in visoko produktivni večstranski obdelavi obdelovancev z rotirajočim rezalnim orodjem. Ploskovni stroj po izumu bo kompakten in enostaven za obratovanje, hkrati pa bo zaradi njegovih konstrukcijskih značilnosti enostaven, učinkovit in racionalen tudi postopek eno ali več stranske ploskovne obdelave ploščatih lesnih ali plastičnih obdelovancev.The technical problem solved by the invention is the construction of a machine for surface treatment of flat workpieces, which with the help of an innovative vacuum belt conveyor and original segmental inlet pressure dampers will enable fast and flowable travel of flat wood or plastic workpieces through the machine, while high quality and highly productive multilateral machining of workpieces with rotating cutting tools. The planar machine according to the invention will be compact and easy to operate, and at the same time, due to its constructional characteristics, the process of one or more side surface machining of flat wood or plastic workpieces will be simple, efficient and rational.

Znano stanje tehnikeThe prior art

Znanih je kar nekaj rešitev strojev za ploskovno obdelavo obdelovancev iz lesa, plastike ali podobnih materialov ter pripadajoče opreme za transport obdelovancev skozi stroj.Quite a few solutions of machines for surface treatment of workpieces made of wood, plastic or similar materials are known, as well as the associated equipment for transporting workpieces through the machine.

Po patentnem dokumentu Sl 9700250 A je znan stroj za površinsko in debelinsko obdelavo kratkih, tankih in vitkih obdelovancev z več delovnimi vreteni z votlimi rezkalnimi glavami in vanje pritrjenimi vodilnimi vložki, ki so nameščena pod poljubnim kotom napram horizontalni delovni plošči. Pomanjkljivost te rešitve je zlasti v tem, da ne rešuje transporta obdelovancev skozi stroj pri njihovi ploskovni obdelavi.According to patent document Sl 9700250 A, a machine for surface and thickness machining of short, thin and slender workpieces with several working spindles with hollow milling heads and fixed guide inserts is installed, which are placed at any angle to the horizontal worktop. The disadvantage of this solution is that it does not solve the transport of workpieces through the machine during their surface machining.

Po patentnem dokumentu Sl 9800029 je znana naprava za ploskovno obdelavo lesnih obdelovancev z rotacijskimi rezalnimi glavami, ki pa ne rešuje transporta obdelovancev skozi napravo v postopku ploskovne obdelave.According to patent document Sl 9800029, a device for surface treatment of wood workpieces with rotating cutting heads is known, which, however, does not solve the transport of workpieces through the device in the process of surface treatment.

Po patentnem dokumentu US 5,477,899 je znan stroj za obdelavo obdelovancev iz lesa, plastike in podobno. Način transportiranja obdelovancev skozi stroj ni predstavljen, je pa zanj značilna enovita pritisna loputa s pritisnim cilindrom, ki je nameščena paralelno z valjasto obdelovalno glavo. Pred spodnjo valjasto obdelovalno glavo ni nameščene pritisne lopute, je pa nad njo izvedena zgornja vodilna plošča, ki lahko ob napačni nastavitvi povzroča zastoj obdelovancev.U.S. Pat. No. 5,477,899 discloses a machine for processing workpieces of wood, plastic and the like. The method of transporting workpieces through the machine is not presented, but it is characterized by a uniform pressure damper with a pressure cylinder, which is installed parallel to the cylindrical workpiece head. There is no pressure flap in front of the lower cylindrical workpiece head, but an upper guide plate is made above it, which can cause workpiece jams if set incorrectly.

Po patentnem dokumentu US 5,345,983 je znan štiristranski izmenični skobeljni stroj z dvostranskim kopirnim sistemom, pri katerem lesni obdelovanec potuje med obdelovalnima glavama, ki sta nameščeni ena nad drugo. Transport obdelovancev je izveden s podajalno napravo, ki obdelovance potiska skozi območje štiristranske obdelave. Slabost te rešitve je taktno transportiranje obdelovancev, pri katerem se mora potiskalna naprava po slehernem delovnem hodu vrniti v izhodiščni položaj. Pomanjkljivost je tudi ta, da ne omogoča kontinuiranega transporta obdelovancev skozi stroj, zaradi česar je kapaciteta obdelave manjša, hkrati pa stroj ne omogoča ploskovne obdelave ekstremno tankih obdelovancev.U.S. Pat. No. 5,345,983 discloses a four-sided alternating planer with a double-sided copier system in which a wood workpiece travels between machining heads mounted one above the other. The workpieces are transported with a feeder that pushes the workpieces through the four-sided machining area. The disadvantage of this solution is the tactical transport of workpieces, in which the pusher device must return to its starting position after each stroke. Another disadvantage is that it does not allow continuous transport of workpieces through the machine, which reduces the machining capacity, while the machine does not allow surface machining of extremely thin workpieces.

Po patentnem dokumentu EP 1 623 804 B1 je znano zaključno orodje za obdelavo obdelovancev iz lesa, plastike in podobnih materialov ter stroj v ta namen. Obdelovanci med obdelavo potujejo po transportnem traku med zgornjo in spodnjo obdelovalno glavo. Pomanjkljivost te rešitve je v nedoločeni izvedbi transportnega traku, ki ne pa ne obsega pritisnih loput.According to patent document EP 1 623 804 B1, a finishing tool for machining workpieces of wood, plastic and similar materials and a machine for this purpose are known. During machining, the workpieces travel along the conveyor belt between the upper and lower machining heads. The disadvantage of this solution is the indefinite design of the conveyor belt, which does not include pressure flaps.

Po patentnem dokumentu SU 1301704 A1 je znan stroj za dvostransko površinsko obdelavo lesnih obdelovancev z vakuumsko mizo za vpetje obdelovancev med obdelavo, pri katerem je mogoče rezkalno orodje nastaviti s ciljem doseganja večje natančnosti obdelave. Vakuumska miza je v tem primeru namenjena vpenjanju obdelovancev med obdelavo in kot taka ni povezana s transportnim sistemom.According to patent document SU 1301704 A1, a machine for double-sided surface treatment of wood workpieces with a vacuum table for clamping workpieces during machining is known, in which the milling tool can be adjusted in order to achieve greater machining accuracy. In this case, the vacuum table is intended for clamping workpieces during machining and as such is not connected to the transport system.

Po patentnem dokumentu DE 30 07 591 je znana rotacijska skobelna naprava z rotacijsko skobelno glavo v obliki prisekanega stožca s pritrjenimi skobelnimi noži v smeri od zunanjega roba proti vrtišču orodja. Načina transporta lesnih obdelovancev pod obdelovalno glavo ta dokument ne prikazuje.According to patent document DE 30 07 591, a rotary planing device with a rotating planer head in the form of a truncated cone with fixed planing knives in the direction from the outer edge towards the tool pivot is known. This document does not show the method of transporting wood workpieces under the workpiece head.

Po patentnem dokumentu EP 0 458 726 A1 je znan stroj za obdelavo lesa z vakuumskim transporterjem. Predstavlja način transportiranja obdelovancev skozi obdelovalni stroj na vakuumskem transportnem traku pod skobelno glavo. Vakuumski transportni trak ima naležno površino izvedeno z vdolbinami, od katerih ima vsaka vdolbina odprtino za vsesavanje zraka, ki posledično privlačijo obdelovance in na ta način zagotavlja njihov stabilnejši transport skozi stroj. Pri tem vakuumski transportni trak drsi po plošči ohišja, v katero so izdelani kanali za sesanje zraka, s pomočjo katerih skozi luknje v transportnem traku nanj prisesa na njem ležeče obdelovance. Sesalni zrak je namenjen pridržanju obdelovancev na transportnem traku med obdelavo, ne za pridržanje neskončnega transportnega traku med transportom.According to patent document EP 0 458 726 A1, a woodworking machine with a vacuum conveyor is known. It represents a method of transporting workpieces through a machine tool on a vacuum conveyor belt under a planer head. The vacuum conveyor belt has a bearing surface made of recesses, each of which has an opening for air suction, which in turn attracts the workpieces and thus ensures their more stable transport through the machine. In this case, the vacuum conveyor belt slides on the housing plate, into which air suction channels are made, by means of which the workpieces lying on it are sucked into it through the holes in the conveyor belt. Suction air is intended to hold workpieces on the conveyor belt during machining, not to hold the endless conveyor belt during transport.

Predhodno opisane znane rešitve strojev in naprav za ploskovno obdelavo obdelovancev iz lesa in umetnih snovi imajo to skupno pomanjkljivost oziroma slabost, da njihove tehnične značilnosti ne omogočajo učinkovitega pridržanja obdelovancev med njihovim transportom skozi celoten postopek ploskovne obdelave.The previously described known solutions of machines and devices for surface treatment of wood and plastic workpieces have this common disadvantage or disadvantage that their technical characteristics do not allow effective retention of workpieces during their transport throughout the surface treatment process.

Zaradi predhodno opisanih pomanjkljivosti oziroma slabosti v sistemu transporta obdelovancev v in skozi obdelovalni stroj predstavljajo znani stroji in naprave za čelno ploskovno obdelavo obdelovancev iz lesa in/ali umetnih snovi nerešen tehnični problem.Due to the previously described shortcomings or weaknesses in the system of transport of workpieces in and through the machine tool, known machines and devices for frontal surface treatment of workpieces made of wood and / or plastics represent an unsolved technical problem.

Opis izuma in njegova uporabaDescription of the invention and its use

Rešitev predhodno opisanega tehničnega problema je zasnovana na konstrukciji stroja za ploskovno obdelavo obdelovancev iz lesa in umetnih snovi z rotirajočim rezalnim orodjem, konkretneje na inovativni konstrukciji vakuumskega tračnega transporterja ter pripadajočih segmentnih pritisnih loput po izumu.The solution to the previously described technical problem is based on the construction of a machine for surface treatment of wood and plastic workpieces with rotating cutting tools, more specifically on the innovative construction of a vacuum belt conveyor and associated segment pressure flaps according to the invention.

Stroj po izumu je sestavljen iz delovne enote za obdelavo spodnje ploskve in iz delovne enote za obdelavo zgornje ploskve ploščatih lesnih obdelovancev. V nekem drugem izvedbenem primeru sta lahko delovni enoti izvedeni ločeno vsaka zase, kot dve samostojni enoti.The machine according to the invention consists of a working unit for processing the lower surface and a working unit for processing the upper surface of flat wood workpieces. In another embodiment, the work units can be implemented separately, as two separate units.

Delovno enoto za obdelavo spodnje ploskve lesnih obdelovancev tvori na ogrodje pritrjena vstopna miza s segmentno vstopno pritisno loputo in spodnja obdelovalna glava z rotacijskim rezalnim orodjem. Značilnost vstopne mize je spodnja pritisna loputa izvedena iz tračnih segmentov oblike kotnika oziroma velike tiskane črke L in s konkavnim prostim robom. Vstopna miza je izvedena neposredno pred spodnjo obdelovalno glavo, nad katero je nameščen višinsko nastavljiv vakuumski tračni transporter, ki ima na vstopni strani pritrjeno varovalno loputo. Posamezni tračni segmenti spodnje pritisne lopute so različnih dolžin in so na ogrodje pritrjeni preko pritisnih elementov s pomočjo elastičnih vložkov. Izvedbeni primer pritisne lopute prikazane na Sl. 11 je namenjen ploskovni obdelavi ožjih podolgovatih lesnih obdelovancev, pri katerem sta po dva tračna segmenta pritisne lopute vezana na skupni pritisni element. Pri strojih, ki so namenjenih za ploskovno obdelavo širših lesnih obdelovancev pa vsakemu tračnemu segmentu pritisne lopute pripada samostojni pritisni element.The work unit for processing the lower surface of wood workpieces consists of an entry table attached to the frame with a segmental entry pressure flap and a lower machining head with a rotary cutting tool. The entrance table is characterized by a lower pressure flap made of strip segments in the shape of an angle or a large printed letter L and with a concave free edge. The entry table is made directly in front of the lower machining head, above which a height-adjustable vacuum belt conveyor is installed, which has a safety flap attached to the entry side. The individual strip segments of the lower pressure flap are of different lengths and are attached to the frame via pressure elements by means of elastic inserts. An embodiment of the pressure damper shown in FIG. 11 is intended for surface treatment of narrower elongated wood workpieces, in which two strip segments of the pressure flap are connected to a common pressure element. In the case of machines intended for surface treatment of wider wood workpieces, each strip segment of the pressure flap has an independent pressure element.

Vakuumski tračni transporter je sestavljen iz ogrodja znotraj katerega so vstavljene pregradne stene z izrezanimi odprtinami za pretok zraka med vakuumskimi komorami. Spodnja plošča ogrodja je prekrita s perforirano pločevino z luknjami, po kateri drsi neskončni transportni trak, ki poteka med pogonskim in napenjalnim valjem. V eno izmed stranskih sten ogrodja je izveden priključek za sesalno cev, ki je povezana s sesalnim ventilatorjem, ki pri delovanju ustvarja vakuum znotraj vakuumskih komor v ogrodju.The vacuum belt conveyor consists of a frame inside which partition walls with cut-out openings for air flow between the vacuum chambers are inserted. The lower frame plate is covered with perforated sheet metal with holes along which slides the endless conveyor belt that runs between the drive and tension rollers. In one of the side walls of the frame there is a connection for the suction pipe, which is connected to the suction fan, which creates a vacuum inside the vacuum chambers in the frame.

Delovno enoto za ploskovno obdelavo zgornje ploskve lesnih obdelovancev tvori ogrodje, na katerega je pritrjen tračni transporter z zgornjo segmentno pritisno loputo, nad katerim je nameščena višinsko nastavljiva zgornja obdelovalna glava, kar je prikazano na Sl. 12. Pritisno loputo tvorijo tračni segmenti izvedbe kotnika različnih dimenzij, katerih prosti čelni rob je konkavne oblike. Tračni segmenti so na ogrodje zgornje pritisne lopute pritrjeni preko pritisnih elementov, ki so na ogrodje nameščeni s pomočjo elastičnega vpetja. Na posamezne tračne segmente so privarjena ali kako drugače v loku pritrjena prečna rebra za usmerjanje odrezkov v postopku obdelave lesnih obdelovancev v odsesovalno cev za odvod odrezkov. Na eni strani ogrodja je nihajno vpet pritisni valj za ustvarjanje dodatnega pritiska na ploščate lesne obdelovance, ki po tračnem transporterju potujejo proti in pod zgornjo obdelovalno glavo stroja.The work unit for surface treatment of the upper surface of wood workpieces is formed by a frame to which a belt conveyor with an upper segment pressure flap is attached, above which a height-adjustable upper machining head is mounted, as shown in FIG. 12. The pressure flap is formed by strip segments of an angle of various dimensions, the free front edge of which is concave in shape. The strip segments are attached to the frame of the upper pressure flap via pressure elements which are mounted on the frame by means of an elastic clamp. Transverse ribs are welded or otherwise attached in an arc to the individual strip segments to guide the chips in the process of processing wood workpieces into the suction pipe for chip removal. A pressure roller is oscillatingly mounted on one side of the frame to create additional pressure on the flat wood workpieces, which travel along the belt conveyor towards and under the upper machining head of the machine.

Obdelava na stroju za ploskovno obdelavo obdelovancev iz lesa in podobnih materialov po prijavljenem izumu se začne z zaporednim dodajanjem ploščatih obdelovancev na vstopno mizo. To lahko storimo ročno ali z ustreznim avtomatskim podajalnikom. Lesni, prednostno podolgovati ploščati obdelovanec potisnemo pod varovalno loputo in predhodno višinsko nastavljen vakuumski tračni transporter tako, da le ta z neskončnim transportnim trakom pritiska na zgornjo ploskev obdelovanca in ga potiska proti spodnji obdelovalni glavi. Pri tem obdelovanec potuje po vstopni mizi, kjer ga pritisne lopute pritisnejo ob neskončni transportni trak, kar zagotavlja njegovo čvrsto vpetje in preprečuje vibracije med obdelavo. S tem je omogočena gladka obdelava spodnje obdelovalne glave brez vidnih napak na površini obdelovanca.Machining on a surface treatment machine for workpieces made of wood and similar materials according to the present invention begins with the sequential addition of flat workpieces to the entry table. This can be done manually or with a suitable automatic feeder. The wooden, preferably elongated flat workpiece is pushed under the safety flap and the pre-height-adjusted vacuum belt conveyor so that it presses on the upper surface of the workpiece with an endless conveyor belt and pushes it towards the lower workpiece head. In doing so, the workpiece travels along the entry table, where the pressure flaps press it against the endless conveyor belt, which ensures its firm clamping and prevents vibrations during machining. This enables a smooth machining of the lower workpiece without visible defects on the workpiece surface.

Med obratovanjem stroja za ploskovno obdelavo po izumu neskončni transportni trak v delovni enoti za poravnavo spodnje ploskve obdelovanca drsi po spodnji perforirani pločevini z luknjami. Zaradi ustvarjenega vakuuma v vakuumskih komorah neskončni transportni trak drsi tesno po omenjeni perforirani pločevini in zaradi lastne teže ne visi prosto med pogonskim in napenjalnim valjem, kar bi bil v nasprotnem slučaj. Na ta način neskončni transportni trak zaradi lastne teže ne povzroča dodatnega pritiska na ploščati obdelovanec, ki ga kot transportno sredstvo potiska skozi območje spodnje obdelovalne glave. Slednje se prav tako odraža na kvaliteti obdelave, predvsem na ekstremno tankih ploščatih obdelovancih. Hkrati vakuumski tračni transporter s pomočjo vakuumske komore po izumu preprečuje, da bi se pri obdelavi tankih obdelovancev neskončni transportni trak povesil do te mere, da bi se v območju prehoda med posameznimi obdelovanci dotaknil spodnje obdelovalne glave, ki bi ga lahko na ta način poškodovala.During the operation of the surface machining machine according to the invention, the endless conveyor belt in the work unit for aligning the lower surface of the workpiece slides on the lower perforated sheet metal with holes. Due to the vacuum created in the vacuum chambers, the endless conveyor belt slides tightly on said perforated sheet metal and, due to its own weight, does not hang freely between the drive and tension rollers, which would otherwise be the case. In this way, the endless conveyor belt, due to its own weight, does not cause additional pressure on the flat workpiece, which pushes it through the area of the lower workpiece as a means of transport. The latter is also reflected in the quality of processing, especially on extremely thin flat workpieces. At the same time, the vacuum belt conveyor by means of the vacuum chamber according to the invention prevents the endless conveyor belt from hanging when machining thin workpieces to such an extent that it touches the lower workpiece in the transition area between individual workpieces, which could damage it.

Po predhodno opisani obdelavi ploščatega obdelovanca znotraj delovne enote za poravnavo njegove spodnje ploskve, dostavi vakuumski transporter obdelovanec na tračni transporter delovne enote za obdelavo njegove zgornje ploskve, ki mu sledi. Omenjeni tračni transporter je nameščen v ravnini z vstopno mizo v tej delovni enoti. Pri tem ploščati obdelovanec prehaja pod pritisni valj na ogrodju, na katerega so nihajno pritrjene pritisne lopute, namenjene dodatnemu pritisku na obdelovanec. Na ta način se preprečijo vibracije ploščatega obdelovanca pri kontinuiranem prehodu pod zgornjo obdelovalno glavo ter s tem povezani sunki in zastoji, kar zagotavlja enakomerno debelino in kvalitetno površino ploščatega obdelovanca.After the previously described processing of the flat workpiece inside the work unit for aligning its lower surface, the vacuum conveyor delivers the workpiece to the belt conveyor of the work unit for processing its upper surface, which follows it. Said belt conveyor is installed flush with the entry table in this work unit. In this case, the flat workpiece passes under the pressure roller on the frame, to which the pressure flaps are oscillatingly attached, intended for additional pressure on the workpiece. In this way, the vibrations of the flat workpiece are prevented during the continuous transition under the upper workpiece head and the associated shocks and jams, which ensures uniform thickness and quality surface of the flat workpiece.

Velja torej, da inovativna rešitev izvedbe posameznih, predhodno opisanih delovnih enot stroja za ploskovno obdelavo ploščatih obdelovancev iz lesa, plastike in podobnih materialov pogojuje oziroma zagotavlja kontinuiran, učinkovit in hiter postopek njihove ploskovne obdelave, ene ali dveh površin ploščatih obdelovancev, visoke kakovosti in brez izmeta.It is therefore considered that the innovative solution of individual, previously described work units of the machine for surface treatment of flat workpieces made of wood, plastic and similar materials conditions or ensures a continuous, efficient and fast process of their surface treatment, one or two surfaces of flat workpieces, high quality and without excrement.

Inovativnost predstavljenega izuma je torej v konstrukcijski izvedbi opisanih sestavnih sklopov obeh obdelovalnih enot in posledično v samem postopku ploskovne obdelave ploščatih obdelovancev.The innovativeness of the present invention is therefore in the construction of the described components of both machining units and consequently in the process of surface machining of flat workpieces.

V nadaljevanju bo izum natančneje opisan na prednostnem izvedbenem primeru s pomočjo slik, ki prikazujejo:In the following, the invention will be described in more detail in a preferred embodiment with the aid of figures showing:

Sl. 1 stroj za ploskovno obdelavo obdelovancev iz lesa, umetne mase in podobnih materialov z rotirajočim orodjem po izumu, z delovno enoto za poravnavo spodnje ploskve z vakuumskim tračnim transporterjem in z delovno enoto za poravnavo zgornje ploskve ploščastega obdelovanca, v narisuSl. 1 is a machine for surface treatment of workpieces made of wood, plastic and similar materials with a rotating tool according to the invention, with a working unit for aligning the lower surface with a vacuum belt conveyor and with a working unit for aligning the upper surface of a flat workpiece.

Sl. 2 enako, kot v sl. 1, samo shematski prikaz pozicioniranosti spodnje obdelovalne glave in vakuumskega tračnega transporterja znotraj delovne enote za poravnavo spodnje ploskve ter zgornje obdelovalne glave in tračnega transporterja znotraj delovne enote za poravnavo zgornje ploskve ploščatega obdelovanca, v narisuSl. 2 in the same way as in FIG. 1, only a schematic representation of the positioning of the lower workpiece and the vacuum belt conveyor within the lower surface alignment work unit and the upper workpiece and the belt conveyor within the workpiece for aligning the upper surface of the flat workpiece, in elevation

Sl. 3 delovno enoto za poravnavo oziroma ploskovno obdelavo spodnje ploskve ploščatega obdelovanca, v narisuSl. 3 work unit for alignment or surface treatment of the lower surface of a flat workpiece, in sketch

Sl. 4 delovno enoto za poravnavo oziroma ploskovno obdelavo zgornje ploskve ploščatega obdelovanca, v narisuSl. 4 work unit for alignment or surface treatment of the upper surface of a flat workpiece, in sketch

Sl. 5 detail vakuumskega tračnega transporterja z vakuumskimi komorami in priključkom za sesalno cev ventilatorja, v izometrični projekcijiSl. 5 detail of vacuum belt conveyor with vacuum chambers and fan suction pipe connection, in isometric projection

Sl. 6 enako, kot v Sl. 5, samo v tlorisuSl. 6 in the same way as in FIG. 5, only in floor plan

Sl. 7 enako, kot v Sl. 5, samo v pogledu od strani in v pravokotni projekcijiSl. 7 in the same way as in FIG. 5, only in side view and in rectangular projection

Sl. 8 enako, kot v Sl. 5, samo prečnem prerezu D-DSl. 8 in the same way as in FIG. 5, cross section D-D only

Sl. 9 enako, kot v Sl. 5, samo v shematskem prikazu sestavnih sklopov, z delno prikazanim neskončnim transportnim trakomSl. 9 in the same way as in FIG. 5, only in the schematic representation of the components, with a partially shown endless conveyor belt

Sl. 10 vstopna miza delovne enote za poravnavo spodnje ploskve ploščatega obdelovanca, s pomožno vstopno mizico in pritisno loputo, v izometrični projekcijiSl. 10 inlet table of the workpiece for aligning the lower surface of the flat workpiece, with auxiliary inlet table and pressure flap, in isometric projection

Sl. 11 segmentna pritisna loputa vstopne mize enote za poravnavo spodnje ploskve ploščatega obdelovanca, v izometrični projekcijiSl. 11 segment pressure flap of the inlet table of the unit for aligning the lower surface of the flat workpiece, in isometric projection

Sl. 12 segmentna pritisna loputa med vakuumskim tračnim transporterjem delovne enote za poravnavo spodnje ploskve ploščatega obdelovanca in zgornjo obdelovalno glavo delovne enote za poravnavo zgornje ploskve ploščatega obdelovanca, v izometrični projekcijiSl. 12-segment pressure flap between the vacuum belt conveyor of the workpiece for aligning the lower surface of the flat workpiece and the upper machining head of the work unit for aligning the upper surface of the flat workpiece, in isometric projection

Sl. 13 enako kot v Sl. 12, samo v stranskem risuSl. 13 the same as in FIG. 12, only in lateral drawing

Posamezne sklicevalne oznake na slikah predstavljajo:The individual reference marks in the figures are:

1. stroj1. machine

2. delovna enota, za ploskovno obdelavo spodnje ploskve obdelovanca2. work unit, for surface machining of the lower surface of the workpiece

3. delovna enota, za ploskovno obdelavo zgornje ploskve obdelovanca3. work unit, for surface machining of the upper surface of the workpiece

4. ogrodje, delovne enote 24. framework, working units 2

5. ogrodje, delovne enote 35. framework, work units 3

6. vstopna miza, delovne enote 26. entry table, work units 2

7. spodnja obdelovalna glava, z rotacijskim orodjem, delovne enote 27. lower working head, with rotary tool, work units 2

8. zgornja obdelovalna glava, z rotacijskim orodjem, delovne enote 38. upper working head, with rotary tool, work units 3

9. segmentna pritisna loputa, pred spodnjo obdelovalno glavo 79. segment pressure flap, in front of the lower machining head 7

10. segmentna pritisna loputa, pred zgornjo obdelovalno glavo 8 .vakuumski tračni transporter, delovne enote 210. segment pressure flap, in front of upper workpiece 8 .vacuum belt conveyor, work units 2

12. vakuumska komora, vakuumskega tračnega transporterja 1112. vacuum chamber, vacuum belt conveyor 11

13. tračni transporter, delovne enote 313. belt conveyor, work units 3

14. varovalna loputa, pred vakuumskim tračnim transporterjem 1114. safety flap, in front of vacuum belt conveyor 11

15. ploščati obdelovanec15. flat workpiece

16. ogrodje, vakuumskega tračnega transporterja 1116. frame, vacuum belt conveyor 11

17. pogonski valj, vakuumskega tračnega transporterja 1117. drive roller, vacuum belt conveyor 11

18. napenjalni valj, vakuumskega tračnega transporterja 1118. tensioning roller, vacuum belt conveyor 11

19. neskončni transportni trak, vakuumskega tračnega transporterja 1119. endless conveyor belt, vacuum belt conveyor 11

20. perforirana pločevina, vakuumskega tračnega transporterja 1120. perforated sheet metal, vacuum belt conveyor 11

21. luknja, v perforirani pločevini 2021st hole, in perforated sheet metal 20

22. priključek, za sesalno cev 23 ventilatorja 2422. connection, for suction pipe 23 of the fan 24

23. sesalna cev, med vakuumskimi komorami 12 in sesalnim ventilatorjem23. suction pipe, between the vacuum chambers 12 and the suction fan

24. sesalni ventilator24. suction fan

25. pretočna odprtina, v pregradah med vakuumskimi komorami 1225. flow opening, in partitions between vacuum chambers 12

26. pogon, pogonskega valja 1726. drive, drive roller 17

27. ogrodje, vstopne mize 627. frame, entrance tables 6

28. pomožna vstopna mizica28. auxiliary entry table

29. vodilna letev, desna29. guide rail, right

30. vodilna letev, leva30. guide rail, left

31. drsna plošča, vstopne mize 631. sliding plate, entry tables 6

32. razbremenilni valj vstopne mize 632. entry table relief cylinder 6

33. nosilec, pritisne lopute 933. bracket, presses flaps 9

34. pritisni element, pritisne lopute 934. push element, press flaps 9

35. elastično vpetje, pritisnega elementa 3435. elastic clamp, pressure element 34

36. ogrodje, pritisne lopute 1036. frame, pressure flaps 10

37. pritisni valj, pritisne lopute 1037. push cylinder, press flaps 10

38. pritisni element, pritisne lopute 1038. push element, press flaps 10

39. elastično vpetje, pritisne lopute 1039. elastic clamp, presses flaps 10

40. konkavni čelni rob, na segmentih 42 pritisne lopute 940. concave front edge, on segments 42 presses flaps 9

41. konkavni čelni rob na segmentih 43 pritisne lopute 1041. concave front edge on segments 43 presses flaps 10

42. segment, pritisne lopute 942nd segment, pressure flaps 9

43. segment, pritisne lopute 1043rd segment, pressure flaps 10

44. rebro, na segmentu 4344. rib, on segment 43

Bistvo prijavljenega izuma predstavlja rešitev predhodno opisanega tehničnega problema z inovativno konstrukcijo stroja 1 za ploskovno obdelavo ploščatih obdelovancev 15, ki ga tvorita delovna enota 2 z vakuumskim tračnim transporterjem 11 in spodnjo obdelovalno glavo 7 in delovna enota 3 z zgornjo obdelovalno glavo 8. Namenjen je za poravnavo zgornje in spodnje ploskve ploščatih obdelovancev 15 poljubnih dolžin, s hkratno obdelavo na želeno debelino. Pri tem sta obdelovalni glavi 7 in 8 izvedeni z rotirajočim rezalnim orodjem za čelno obdelavo ploščatih obdelovancev 15 iz lesa, umetne mase ali drugega podobnega materiala.The essence of the present invention is the solution of the previously described technical problem with the innovative design of the machine 1 for surface treatment of flat workpieces 15, formed by a working unit 2 with a vacuum belt conveyor 11 and a lower machining head 7 and a working unit 3 with an upper machining head 8. alignment of the upper and lower surfaces of flat workpieces of 15 arbitrary lengths, with simultaneous machining to the desired thickness. In this case, the machining heads 7 and 8 are made with a rotating cutting tool for frontal machining of flat workpieces 15 made of wood, plastic or other similar material.

Bistveni inovativni sestavni sklopi, ki omogočajo delovanje predhodno opisanega stroja po izumu so znotraj delovne enote 2 vakuumski tračni transporter 11, vstopna miza 6 s spodnjo segmentno pritisno loputo 9 in varovalno loputo 14, znotraj delovne enote 3 pa zgornja segmentna pritisna loputa 10.The essential innovative components that enable the operation of the previously described machine according to the invention are a vacuum belt conveyor 11 inside the work unit 2, an entry table 6 with a lower segment pressure flap 9 and a safety flap 14, and an upper segment pressure flap 10 inside the work unit 3.

Kot je predhodno že opisano, se stroj 1 za ploskovno obdelavo ploščatih obdelovancev 15 sestoji iz delovne enote 2 za ploskovno obdelavo spodnje ploskve in iz delovne enote 3 za ploskovno obdelavo njihove zgornje ploskve ter posledično za obdelavo ploščatih obdelovancev 15 na debelino. Opisano je razvidno iz Sl. 1 in Sl. 2. V nekem drugem izvedbenem primeru, ki pa ni prikazan, se lahko delovni enoti 2 in 3 uporabljata ločeno, kot samostojni, med sabo ločeni obdelovalni enoti.As previously described, the flat workpiece surface machining machine 15 consists of a lower surface workpiece work unit 2 and a top surface workpiece work unit 3 and consequently for flat workpiece processing 15. It is described in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. In another embodiment, but not shown, work units 2 and 3 may be used separately, as separate, separate processing units.

Delovno enoto 2 za obdelavo spodnje ploskve ploščatega obdelovanca 15 tvorita na ogrodje 4 pritrjena vstopna miza 6 in višinsko nastavljiva spodnja obdelovalna glava 7 z ustreznim rotacijskim rezilnim orodjem, ki pa ni prikazano.The work unit 2 for machining the lower surface of the flat workpiece 15 consists of an inlet table 6 attached to the frame 4 and a height-adjustable lower machining head 7 with a corresponding rotary cutting tool, which is not shown.

Kot je prikazano na Sl. 10 je vstopna miza 6 sestavljena iz ogrodja 27, na katerega je z ene strani nameščena spodnja segmentna pritisna loputa 9 z nasprotne strani pa pomožna vstopna mizica 28. Med njima sta nameščeni desna vodilna letev 29 in leva vodilna letev 30, ki potekata vsaka ob svojem robu drsne plošče 31 in vzdolž ogrodje 27 tako, da sta ena od druge oddaljene za razdaljo, ki je enaka dolžini razbremenilnih valjev 32. Razbremenilni valji 32 so pozicionirani pravokotno na stranski vodilni letvi 29 in 30 in so nameščeni znotraj ter vzdolž pripadajočih izrezov v drsni plošči 31. Razbremenilni valji 32 so lahko prosto tekoči ali pa gnani z ustreznim pogonom in so praviloma vgrajeni le pri strojih 1, ki so namenjeni za obdelavo ploščatih obdelovance 15 večjih širin in s tem večje teže, s ciljem njihovega zanesljivejšega transporta.As shown in FIG. 10, the entry table 6 consists of a frame 27 on which a lower segment pressure flap 9 is mounted on one side and an auxiliary entry table 28 on the opposite side. the edge of the sliding plate 31 and along the frame 27 so that they are at a distance from each other equal to the length of the relief rollers 32. The relief rollers 32 are positioned perpendicular to the side guide bars 29 and 30 and are located inside and along the corresponding cutouts in the sliding plates 31. Relief rollers 32 can be free-running or driven by a suitable drive and are generally installed only in machines 1, which are intended for processing flat workpieces 15 larger widths and thus higher weight, with the aim of their more reliable transport.

Inovativna značilnost vstopne mize 6 je torej spodnja segmentna pritisna loputa 9, ki jo tvorijo tračni segmenti 42 oblike kotnika, katerih horizontalni kraki so različnih dolžin tako, da oblikujejo prosti čelni rob 40 konkavne oblike, katerega radij je enak radiju rotacijskega rezalnega orodja spodnje obdelovalne glave 7.An innovative feature of the inlet table 6 is therefore the lower segment pressure flap 9 formed by angle-shaped strip segments 42 whose horizontal arms are of different lengths to form a free concave end face 40 whose radius is equal to the radius of the lower machining head 7.

Spodnja segmentna pritisna loputa 9 je nameščena neposredno pred spodnjo obdelovalno glavo 7, nad katero je nameščen horizontalni in po višini nastavljiv vakuumski tračni transporter 11, ki ima na vstopni strani pritrjeno varovalno loputo 14. Opisano je prikazano na Sl. 1 in Sl. 2.The lower segment pressure flap 9 is located directly in front of the lower machining head 7, above which a horizontal and height-adjustable vacuum belt conveyor 11 is mounted, which has a safety flap 14 attached to the inlet side. 1 and FIG. 2.

Tračni segmenti 42 so znotraj spodnje segmentne pritisne lopute 9 nameščeni vzporedno en ob drugem in so z vertikalnimi kraki na nosilec 33 pritrjeni preko pritisnih elementov 34 s pomočjo elastičnih vpetja 35. Kot je predhodno že omenjeno oblikujejo prosti konci različno dolgih tračnih segmentov 42 čelni rob 40 konkavne izvedbe. Opisano je prikazano na Sl. 11.The strip segments 42 are arranged parallel to each other inside the lower segment pressure flap 9 and are attached to the support 33 by vertical arms via the pressure elements 34 by means of elastic clamps 35. As mentioned above, concave designs. Described is shown in FIG. 11.

Spodnja segmentna pritisna loputa 9 vstopne mize 6 je pozicionirana pred in tik ob spodnjo obdelovalno glavo 7 tako, da med sabo oblikujeta ozko režo med zunanjim obodom rezalnega orodja spodnje obdelovalne glave 7 in konkavnim čelnim robom 40, ki ga oblikujejo združeni segmenti 42 spodnje pritisne lopute 9. Naloga segmentov 42 je, da ustvarjajo in zagotavljajo enakomerni tlak na ploščate obdelovance 15.The lower segment pressure flap 9 of the inlet table 6 is positioned in front of and next to the lower machining head 7 so as to form a narrow gap between the outer circumference of the lower tool head cutting tool 7 and the concave end edge 40 formed by the combined lower flap segments 42. 9. The function of the segments 42 is to create and provide uniform pressure on the flat workpieces 15.

Na Sl. 11 je prikazan izvedbeni primer spodnje segmentne pritisne lopute 9 vstopne mize 6, ki ustreza namenu ploskovne obdelave ozkih ploščatih obdelovancev 15. Za ta izvedbeni primer velja, da sta na skupni pritisni element 34 vezana po dva soležna segmenta 42 v paru. V nekem drugem izvedbenem primeru, ki pa ni prikazan in je namenjen za obdelavo ploščatih obdelovancev 15 širokih dimenzij, je na posamezni pritisni element 34 spodnje segmentne pritisne lopute 9 vezan le po en segment 42.In FIG. 11 shows an embodiment of the lower segment pressure flap 9 of the inlet table 6, which corresponds to the purpose of surface treatment of narrow flat workpieces 15. In this embodiment, two adjacent segments 42 are connected in pairs to the common pressure element 34. In another embodiment, which is not shown and is intended for machining flat workpieces 15 of wide dimensions, only one segment 42 is connected to each pressure element 34 of the lower segment pressure flap 9.

Na Sl. 5, Sl. 6, Sl. 7, Sl. 8 in SL. 9 je prikazan vakuumski tračni transporter 11. Sestoji se iz zaprtega ogrodja 16, znotraj katerega so izvedene pregradne stene z odprtinami 25, ki med sabo ločujejo vakuumske komore 12. Odprtine 25 služijo za pretok zraka med vakuumskimi komorami 12.In FIG. 5, FIG. 6, FIG. 7, FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 shows a vacuum belt conveyor 11. It consists of a closed frame 16, inside which are partition walls with openings 25, which separate the vacuum chambers 12. The openings 25 serve for air flow between the vacuum chambers 12.

Spodnja plošča ogrodja 16 je pokrita s perforirano pločevino 20, ki ima po celi svoji površini izvedene luknje 21 in po kateri drsi neskončni transportni trak 19, ki je z enim svojim koncem vpet na pogonski valj 17 s pogonom 26, z nasprotnim koncem pa na napenjalni valj 18. Na eni izmed stranic ogrodja 16 je izveden priključek 22 za sesalno cev 23, ki vakuumski tračni transporter 11 povezuje s sesalnim ventilatorjem 24, ki ustvarja potreben vakuum v vakuumskih komorah 12. Opisano je prikazano na Sl. 6 in Sl. 9.The lower frame plate 16 is covered with perforated sheet metal 20, which has holes 21 over its entire surface and slides through an endless conveyor belt 19, which is attached at one end to the drive roller 17 with drive 26 and at the opposite end to the tensioning one. cylinder 18. On one of the sides of the frame 16 there is a connection 22 for the suction pipe 23, which connects the vacuum belt conveyor 11 to the suction fan 24, which creates the necessary vacuum in the vacuum chambers 12. Described in FIG. 6 and FIG. 9.

Delovna enota 3 za obdelavo zgornje ploskve ploščatih obdelovancev 15 je prikazana na SL. 1, Sl. 2 in Sl. 4. Sestavljena je iz ogrodja 5 na katerega je pritrjen tračni transporter 13, nad njim pa je nameščena višinsko nastavljiva zgornja obdelovalna glava 8 z ustreznim rotacijskim orodjem, ki pa ni prikazano.The work unit 3 for machining the upper surface of the flat workpieces 15 is shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 4. It consists of a frame 5 to which a belt conveyor 13 is attached, and above it a height-adjustable upper machining head 8 is mounted with a corresponding rotary tool, which is not shown.

Iz Sl. 1, Sl. 2 in Sl. 4 je razvidno, da se na vstopni strani delovne enote 3 nahaja zgornja segmentna pritisna loputa 10, pri kateri so med stranska nosilca ogrodja 36 nameščeni posamezni tračni segmenti 43 oblike kotnika, skupaj s pripadajočimi pritisnimi elementi 38 in elastičnimi vpetji 39. Horizontalni kraki segmentov 43 so različnih dolžin tako, da v sestavljenem stanju oblikujejo čelni rob 41 konkavne oblike, katerega radij je enak radiju rezalnega orodja v zgornji obdelovalni glavi 8. Segmenti 43 so na ogrodje 36 pritrjeni s pomočjo pritisnih elementov 38, ki so na ogrodje 36 nameščeni preko elastičnega vpetja 39 in so izvedeni tako, da zagotavljajo enakomerni tlak na ploščate obdelovance 15. Na posamezne segmente 43 so privarjena prečna rebra 44, ki zaradi svoje skupne konkavne oblike usmerjajo odrezke v odsesovalno cev za njihov odvod, ki pa ni prikazana in označena. Opisano je prikazano na Sl. 12 in Sl. 13.From FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 it can be seen that on the inlet side of the work unit 3 there is an upper segment pressure flap 10, in which individual angle-shaped strip segments 43 are placed between the side frame beams 36, together with the corresponding pressure elements 38 and elastic clamps 39. Horizontal legs of segments 43 are of different lengths so as to form a concave end face 41 in the assembled state, the radius of which is equal to the radius of the cutting tool in the upper machining head 8. The segments 43 are attached to the frame 36 by means of pressure elements 38 clamps 39 and are designed to provide uniform pressure on the flat workpieces 15. Transverse ribs 44 are welded to the individual segments 43, which, due to their common concave shape, direct the chips into the suction pipe for their drainage, which is not shown and marked. Described is shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13.

Tako izvedena zgornja segmentna pritisna loputa 10 je pozicionirana pred in tik ob zgornjo obdelovalno glavo 8 tako, da med sabo oblikujeta ozko režo med zunanjim obodom rezalnega orodja zgornje obdelovalne glave 8 in konkavnim čelnim robom 41 horizontalnih krakov sestavljenih segmentov 43 zgornje segmentne pritisne lopute 10. Naloga segmentov 43 je, da ustvarjajo in zagotavljajo enakomerni tlak na ploščate obdelovance 15.The upper segment pressure flap 10 is positioned in front of and close to the upper machining head 8 so as to form a narrow gap between the outer circumference of the cutting tool of the upper machining head 8 and the concave end edge 41 of the horizontal arms of the upper segment flap 43 of the upper segment flap 10. The task of the segments 43 is to create and ensure uniform pressure on the flat workpieces 15.

Na vstopni strani ogrodja 36 zgornje segmentne pritisne lopute 10 je nihajno vpet pritisni valj 37, ki ima to nalogo, da ustvari dodatni pritisk na transportirane ploščate obdelovance 15, ki po neskončnem tračnem transporterju 13 potujejo pod zgornjo obdelovalno glavo 8. Opisano je prikazano na Sl. 12 in Sl. 13.On the inlet side of the frame of the upper segment pressure flap 10, a pressure roller 37 is oscillatingly mounted, which has the task of creating additional pressure on the transported flat workpieces 15, which travel under the upper machining head 8 via an endless belt conveyor 13. . 12 and FIG. 13.

Postopek obdelave na stroju 1 za ploskovno in debelinsko obdelavo ploščatih obdelovance 15 iz lesa ali umetnih materialov po prijavljenem izumu se začne z zaporednim ročnim ali avtomatskim vstavljanjem ploščatih obdelovancev 15 na vstopno mizo 6 z gnanimi ali negnanimi razbremenilnimi valji 32. Pri tem ploščate obdelovance 15 enega za drugim potiskamo pod varovalno loputo 14 in pod predhodno višinsko nastavljen vakuumski tračni transporter 11, katerega neskončni transportni trak 19 pritiska na zgornjo ploskev ploščatih obdelovancev 15 in jih v omenjenem zaporednem nizu pomika v smeri spodnje obdelovalne glave 7. Na tej poti sleherni ploščati obdelovanec 15 pripotuje na segmentno pritisno loputo 9 na koncu vstopne mize 6, kjer ga segmenti 42 dodatno pritisnejo ob neskončni transportni trak 19, kar zagotavlja njegovo čvrsto vpetje in s tem preprečuje njegove vibracije med obdelavo. Na ta način je zagotovljena gladka površinska obdelava ploščatih obdelovancev 15, brez vidnih površinskih napak. Pri tem neskončni transportni trak 19 vakuumskega tračnega transporterja 11 drsi po spodnji perforirani pločevini 20 z izvedenimi luknjami 21, skozi katere sesalni ventilator 24 preko priključka 22 in sesalne cevi 23 odsesava zrak iz vakuumskih komor 12 vakuumskega tračnega transporterja 11. Zaradi ustvarjenega vakuuma v vakuumskih komorah 12 neskončni transportni trak 19 pri drsenju po površini perforirane pločevine 20 z luknjami 21 ne visi prosto med pogonskim valjem 17 in napenjalnim valjem 18 zaradi lastne teže. Posledično neskončni transportni trak 19 ne povzroča dodatnega pritiska na ploščate obdelovance 15, ki jih transportira oziroma potiska preko spodnje obdelovalne glave 7 delovne enote 2. Slednje se prav tako odraža na kvaliteti obdelave, predvsem na ekstremno tankih ploščatih obdelovancih 15. Hkrati vakuumska komora 12 neskončnemu transportnemu traku 19 vakuumskega tračnega transporterja 11 preprečuje, da bi se pri obdelavi tankih ploščatih obdelovancev 15 neskončni transportni trak 19 povesil do te mere, da bi se v območju prehoda oziroma razmaka med posameznimi obdelovanci 15 dotaknil spodnje obdelovalne glave 7, ki bi ga lahko na ta način poškodovala.The process of machining on a machine 1 for surface and thickness machining of flat workpieces 15 made of wood or plastic materials according to the present invention begins with successive manual or automatic insertion of flat workpieces 15 on the inlet table 6 with driven or non-driven unloading rollers 32. one after the other, a vacuum belt conveyor 11 is pushed under the safety flap 14 and under the previously height-adjustable vacuum belt conveyor, the endless conveyor belt 19 of which presses on the upper surface of the flat workpieces 15 and moves them in the direction it travels to the segment pressure flap 9 at the end of the entry table 6, where the segments 42 additionally press it against the endless conveyor belt 19, which ensures its firm clamping and thus prevents its vibrations during processing. In this way, a smooth surface treatment of the flat workpieces 15 is ensured, with no visible surface defects. The endless conveyor belt 19 of the vacuum belt conveyor 11 slides on the lower perforated sheet metal 20 with holes 21 through which the suction fan 24 sucks air from the vacuum chambers 12 of the vacuum belt conveyor 11 via the connection 22 and the suction pipe 23. 12 the endless conveyor belt 19 does not hang freely between the drive roller 17 and the tension roller 18 due to its own weight when sliding on the surface of the perforated sheet metal 20 with holes 21. Consequently, the endless conveyor belt 19 does not cause additional pressure on the flat workpieces 15, which are transported or pushed over the lower machining head 7 of the work unit 2. The latter is also reflected in the quality of machining, especially on extremely thin flat workpieces 15. The conveyor belt 19 of the vacuum belt conveyor 11 prevents the endless conveyor belt 19 from hanging when machining thin flat workpieces 15 to such an extent that it touches the lower machining head 7 in the area of the transition or spacing between individual workpieces 15. damaged this way.

V nadaljevanju vakuumski tračni transporter 11 odpelje ploščate obdelovance 15 iz delovne enote 2 in jih transportira do in na neskončni tračni transporter 13 v delovni enoti 3, kije nameščen v isti horizontalni ravnini kot vstopna miza 6. Po njej ploščati obdelovanci 15 v zaporednem nizu prehajajo pod pritisni valj 37, ki je nameščen znotraj ogrodja 36, na katerega so nihajno pritrjeni tudi segmenti 43 segmentne pritisne lopute 10, katerih namen je ustvarjanje dodatnega pritiska na ploščate obdelovance 15, da se preprečijo njihove vibracije ob prehodu pod zgornjo obdelovalno glavo 8. To omogoča kontinuiran pomik ploščatih obdelovancev 15, brez sunkov in zastojev, kar zagotavlja njihovo konstantno debelino in kvaliteto površine.Next, the vacuum belt conveyor 11 takes the flat workpieces 15 out of the work unit 2 and transports them to and to the endless belt conveyor 13 in the work unit 3, which is installed in the same horizontal plane as the entry table 6. After that the flat workpieces 15 a pressure roller 37 mounted inside the frame 36, to which the segments 43 of the segment pressure flap 10 are also oscillatingly attached, intended to create additional pressure on the flat workpieces 15 to prevent their vibrations when passing under the upper machining head 8. This allows continuous movement of flat workpieces 15, without shocks and jams, which ensures their constant thickness and surface quality.

Claims (4)

PATENTNI ZAHTEVKIPATENT APPLICATIONS 1. Stroj (1) za ploskovno obdelavo obdelovancev (15) iz lesa, umetne mase ali podobnih materialov, ki se sestoji iz delovne enote (2) za ploskovno obdelavo spodnje ploskve in delovne enote (3) za ploskovno obdelavo zgornje ploskve ploščatih obdelovancev (15), ki sta med sabo razstavljivo spojeni in si sledita v zaporedju značilen po tem, daA machine (1) for surface treatment of workpieces (15) of wood, plastic or similar materials, consisting of a working unit (2) for surface treatment of the lower surface and a working unit (3) for surface treatment of the upper surface of flat workpieces 15), which are detachably connected to each other and follow each other in a sequence characterized by a) je nad spodnjo obdelovalno glavo (7) delovne enote (2) nameščen po višini nastavljiv vakuumski tračni transporter (11) z vakuumskimi komorami (12) znotraj ogrodja (16), ki na vhodni strani delovne enote (2) sega nekoliko nad vstopno mizo (6), pri čemer je v eno stranico ogrodja (16) izveden priključek (22) za sesalno cev (23), ki vakuumski tračni transporter (11) povezuje s sesalnim ventilatorjem (24);a) a height-adjustable vacuum belt conveyor (11) with vacuum chambers (12) is installed above the lower working head (7) of the working unit (2) inside the frame (16), which extends slightly above the inlet of the working unit (2). a table (6), one connection of the suction tube (23) being connected to one side of the frame (16), which connects the vacuum belt conveyor (11) to the suction fan (24); b) se vakuumski tračni transporter (11) sestoji iz zaprtega ogrodja (16), znotraj katerega so izvedene pregradne stene z odprtinami (25), ki med sabo ločujejo vakuumske komore (12), pri čemer je spodnja plošča ogrodja (16) pokrita s perforirano pločevino (20) z luknjami (21) po celi svoji površini, po kateri drsi neskončni transportni trak (19);b) the vacuum belt conveyor (11) consists of a closed frame (16), inside which partition walls are made with openings (25) separating the vacuum chambers (12), the lower plate of the frame (16) being covered with a perforated sheet metal (20) with holes (21) over its entire surface over which an endless conveyor belt (19) slides; c) je vstopna miza (6) fiksno pritrjena na ogrodje (4) in je sestavljena iz ogrodja (27), na katerega so nameščeni pomožna vstopna mizica (28), drsna plošča (31) z vgrajenimi razbremenilnimi valji (32) in segmentna pritisna loputa (9) s tračnimi segmenti (42) kotne oblike, katerih horizontalni kraki so različnih dolžin in skupaj oblikujejo konkavni čelni rob (40);c) the entry table (6) is fixed to the frame (4) and consists of a frame (27) on which the auxiliary entry table (28), the sliding plate (31) with built-in relief rollers (32) and the segmented pressure roller are mounted. a flap (9) with strip segments (42) of angular shape, the horizontal arms of which are of different lengths and together form a concave front edge (40); d) je pred in ob spodnjo obdelovalno glavo (7) delovne enote (2) nameščena segmentna pritisna loputa (9), pri kateri so na enem koncu v ogrodje (27) nameščeni tračni segmenti (42) kotne oblike, skupaj s pripadajočimi pritisnimi elementi (34) in elastičnimi vpetji (35), pri čemer so horizontalni kraki tračnih segmentov (42) različnih dolžin in skupaj oblikujejo konkavni čelni rob (40);d) a segmental pressure flap (9) is installed in front of and next to the lower working head (7) of the working unit (2), at which angular-shaped strip segments (42) are installed at one end in the frame (27), together with the corresponding pressure elements (34) and elastic clamps (35), the horizontal arms of the strip segments (42) being of different lengths and together forming a concave end edge (40); e) je pred in ob zgornjo obdelovalno glavo (8) delovne enote (3) nameščena segmentna pritisna loputa (10), pri kateri so med stranska nosilca ogrodja (36) nameščeni tračni segmenti (43) kotne oblike, skupaj s pripadajočimi pritisnimi elementi (38) in elastičnimi vpetji (39), pri čemer so horizontalni kraki tračnih segmentov (43) različnih dolžin in skupaj oblikujejo konkavni čelni rob (41).e) a segment pressure flap (10) is installed in front of and next to the upper working head (8) of the working unit (3), in which strip segments (43) of angular shape are placed between the side frame beams (36), together with the corresponding pressure elements 38) and elastic clamps (39), the horizontal arms of the strip segments (43) being of different lengths and together forming a concave end edge (41). 2. Stroj (1) po zahtevku 1. značilen po tem, da je radij konkavnega čelnega roba (40) pri segmentni pritisni loputi (9) in radij konkavnega čelnega roba (41) pri segmentni pritisni loputi (10) identična radiju rotacijskega rezalnega orodja spodnje obdelovalne glave (7) oziroma zgornje obdelovalne glave (8).Machine (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the radius of the concave front edge (40) at the segment pressure flap (9) and the radius of the concave front edge (41) at the segment pressure flap (10) are identical to the radius of the rotary cutting tool lower machining heads (7) or upper machining heads (8). 3. Stroj (1) po zahtevku 1, značilen po tem, da so na posamezne segmente (43) segmentne pritisne lopute (10) pritrjena prečna rebra (44) tako, da oblikujejo niz konkavne oblike.Machine (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that transverse ribs (44) are attached to the individual segments (43) of the segment pressure flaps (10) so as to form a series of concave shapes. 4. Stroj po enem od zahtevkov 1. ali 2., značilen po tem, da sta segmentna pritisna loputa (9) in segmentna pritisna loputa (10) pred in ob rezalno orodje soležne spodnje obdelovalne glave (7) oziroma pred in ob soležno zgornjo obdelovalno glavo (8) nameščeni oziroma pozicionirani tako, da med sabo oblikujejo ozko režo med zunanjim obodom rezalnega orodja in pripadajočim konkavnim čelnim robom (40) horizontalnih krakov segmentov (42) segmentne pritisne lopute (9) oziroma med konkavnim čelnim robom (41) horizontalnih krakov segmentov (43) segmentne pritisne lopute (10).Machine according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the segment pressure flap (9) and the segment pressure flap (10) are in front of and next to the cutting tool of the adjacent lower machining head (7) or in front of and next to the sole upper The workpiece head (8) is positioned or positioned so as to form a narrow gap between the outer circumference of the cutting tool and the associated concave end edge (40) of the horizontal segment arms (42) of the segment pressure flap (9) or between the concave end edge (41) of the horizontal segment arms (43) segment pressure flaps (10).
SI202100170A 2021-09-10 2021-09-10 Machine for surface treatment of workpieces of wood, plastic or similar materials SI26010A (en)

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JPS55137901A (en) 1979-04-13 1980-10-28 Nourinsuisanshiyou Ringiyou Sh Shaping finishing device by umbrella type rotary plane
SU1301704A1 (en) 1983-08-16 1987-04-07 Всесоюзный проектно-конструкторский и технологический институт мебели Machine for two-sided sizing of wood boards
DK164275C (en) 1990-05-22 1992-10-26 Hh Patent As PROCESSING MACHINE, AS WELL AS A PIPE SEALING MACHINE
US5345983A (en) 1993-10-18 1994-09-13 Mida-Maquinas Industriais Do Ave, Lda. Four sided alternating woodworking planer with two sided copying system
DE4339953A1 (en) 1993-11-24 1995-06-01 Weinig Michael Ag Machine for processing workpieces made of wood, plastic and the like
SI9700250B (en) 1997-09-26 2006-02-28 Pavel Ledinek Machine for surface and thickness finishing of short, thin and slim workpieces
SI9800029A (en) 1998-02-03 1998-06-30 Gregor Ledinek Device for plane working of wooden pieces
DE102004038876A1 (en) 2004-08-05 2006-03-16 Michael Weinig Ag Finishing tool for machining workpieces made of wood, plastic and the like and machine for machining workpieces made of wood, plastic and the like

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