SI23702A - The nozzle with an ejected fluid inlet - Google Patents
The nozzle with an ejected fluid inlet Download PDFInfo
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- SI23702A SI23702A SI201100128A SI201100128A SI23702A SI 23702 A SI23702 A SI 23702A SI 201100128 A SI201100128 A SI 201100128A SI 201100128 A SI201100128 A SI 201100128A SI 23702 A SI23702 A SI 23702A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
- B24C5/02—Blast guns, e.g. for generating high velocity abrasive fluid jets for cutting materials
- B24C5/04—Nozzles therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/005—Nozzles or other outlets specially adapted for discharging one or more gases
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
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Abstract
Prednostna izvedba šobe po izumu obsega obodno in centralno Venturijevo šobo oziroma kanal za ustvarjanje zračnega klina, ki je ključen za efektivno delovanje šobe po principu Coanda efekta. Poglavitna značilnost delovanja take šobe je ustvarjanje nadzorovane mejne plasti zraka v okolici šobe, natančneje znotraj difuzorja, ki zaradi viskoznih efektov na mejni plasti deluje na molekule zraka s centripetalno silo, katera skozi stranske odprtine srka zrak iz okolice in ga nadalje skozi difuzor potiska do iztoka. V prednostni izvedbi šoba po izumu nadalje obsega centralno Venturijevo šobo, ki s tokom zraka v centralnem delu prispeva centralno komponento zračnega klina, s čimer se notranji efekt Coanda znotraj difuzorja intenzivno poveča.The preferred embodiment of the nozzle according to the invention comprises a peripheral and central Venturi nozzle or a channel for creating an air wedge, which is essential for the effective operation of the nozzle according to the Coanda effect principle. The main characteristic of the operation of such a nozzle is the creation of a controlled boundary layer of air around the nozzle, more precisely within the diffuser, which, due to viscous effects on the boundary layer, acts on air molecules with centripetal force, which, through the lateral openings of the heart, airs from the environment and pushes it further through the diffuser . In a preferred embodiment, the nozzle according to the invention further comprises a central Venturi nozzle which contributes to the central component of the air wedge with the air stream in the central part, thereby intensively increasing the inner effect of Coanda within the diffuser.
Description
Predmet te patentne prijave se nanaša na področje tehničnih rešitev, natančneje nastavkov za uporabo v pnevmatskih in hidravličnih sistemih, ki delujejo po principu Coanda efekta.The subject matter of this patent application relates to the field of technical solutions, in particular the mountings for use in pneumatic and hydraulic systems operating on the Coanda principle.
Prikaz problemaView the problem
Nastavki za pnevmatske in hidravlične sisteme, konkretno za kompresorske naprave, so konstrukcijsko izvedeni kot različni nastavki za splošno ali namensko uporabo v specialnih izvedbah. Tehnični problem, ki ga obravnava in rešuje predmet te patentne prijave je pomanjkanje nastavka za pnevmatske in hidravlične sisteme z intenzivnim ejektorskim dotokom medija iz okolice s stabilnim zračnim klinom.The attachments for pneumatic and hydraulic systems, specifically for compressor systems, are constructed as different attachments for general or specific use in special designs. A technical problem addressed and resolved by the subject of this patent application is the lack of a mounting for pneumatic and hydraulic systems with intense ejector flow of medium from a stable air wedge.
Stanje tehnikeThe state of the art
Obravnavan pojav je poznan iz stanja tehnike pod pojmom »Coanda efekt« in je v času pisanja tega dokumenta že širše uporabljen v industriji. Mednarodni patentni register obsega večje število relevantnih rešitev, ki po principu obravnavanega Coanda efekta predstavljajo bistvene tehnične izboljšave napram konvencionalnim izvedbam izdelkov, kot so recimo ventilatorji, sesalci in drugi elektrotehnični izdelki.The phenomenon in question is known from the prior art under the term "Coanda effect" and has been widely used in the industry at the time of writing this document. The International Patent Register includes a number of relevant solutions that, by the principle of the Coanda Effect, represent significant technical improvements over conventional product designs, such as fans, vacuum cleaners and other electrical products.
Šobe, ki delujejo po principu Coanda efekta lahko v grobem razdelimo na tiste, kjer deluje efekt Coanda na zunanji strani oziroma površini šobe (stožčaste oziroma konusne šobe) in na tiste, kjer Coanda efekt deluje na notranji strani oziroma površini šobe (difuzorji). Razume se, da obstajajo tudi take šobe, ki v enem konceptu združujejo oba načina ustvarjanja toka medija po Coanda efektu.Nozzles that operate according to the Coanda effect can be roughly divided into those where the Coanda effect works on the outside or surface of the nozzle (conical or tapered nozzles) and those where the Coanda effect works on the inside or surface of the nozzle (diffusers). It is understood that there are also such nozzles that combine the two methods of generating a stream of media using the Coanda effect in one concept.
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Skladno z obravnavnim področjem stanje tehnike najbolje opisuje patent US 3,316,657 iz leta 1967, ki nazorno prikazuje delovanje efekta Coanda. Glavna pomanjkljivost obravnavane rešitve po patentu US 3,316,657 se kaže kot specialna oziroma namenska izvedba profila za uporabo v strojih za izdelavo papirja, pri čemer šobe po obravnavanem patentu ni moč prosto uporabiti kot nastavek za klasične pnevmatske in hidravlične sisteme.In the art, the state of the art is best described by U.S. Patent No. 3,316,657 of 1967, which clearly illustrates the operation of the Coanda effect. The main disadvantage of the present solution according to the patent US 3,316,657 is manifested as a special or intended implementation of the profile for use in paper-making machines, whereby the nozzles of the present patent can not be freely used as a nozzle for conventional pneumatic and hydraulic systems.
Naslednja tehnična rešitev, ki predstavlja stanje tehnike je znana po patentu US 4,055,870 iz leta 1977, po katerem je nastavek za pnevmatske sisteme izveden kot pištola z integrirano šobo, ki deluje po Coanda efektu. Primarna pomanjkljivost obravnavane rešitve se kaže v relativno komplicirani in ekonomsko neopravičljivi izvedbi.The following technical solution, which represents the state of the art, is known by US Patent 4,055,870 of 1977, according to which the pneumatic system attachment is designed as a Coanda-effect integrated nozzle gun. The primary disadvantage of this solution is its relatively complicated and economically unjustified implementation.
Spet naslednja tehnična rešitev, ki predstavlja stanje tehnike je obravnavana v patentu US 4,195,780 iz leta 1980, po katerem je šoba, ki deluje kot ojačevalec zračnega toka po Coanda efektu, izvedena kot nastavek za pnevmatske sisteme. Poglavitna pomanjkljivost obravnavane rešitve iz patenta US 4,195,780 se kaže predvsem v nezadostni učinkovitosti zunanjega zračnega klina prisekane konusne šobe, ki ne more ustvariti Coanda efekta večjih razsežnosti z usmerjenim tokom zraka.Again, the following technical solution representing the prior art is discussed in U.S. Patent 4,195,780 of 1980, according to which a nozzle that acts as an airflow enhancer according to the Coanda effect is designed as a nozzle for pneumatic systems. The main disadvantage of the present solution of US patent 4,195,780 is mainly due to the insufficient efficiency of the outer air wedge of the truncated conical nozzle, which cannot produce the Coanda effect of larger dimensions with a directional air flow.
Opis nove rešitveDescription of the new solution
Za doseganje želenega efekta in ekonomsko upravičljive izvedbe je v prednostni izvedbi šoba po izumu konstrukcijsko izvedena iz enega kosa, ki se načeloma izdela s tehnologijo hitre izdelave končnih izdelkov (angl. Rapid Manufacturing). Razume se, da je tako šobo brez geometrijskih omejitev moč izdelati v več konstrukcijskih izvedbah iz enega ali več sestavnih komponent oziroma elementov, kar pa ne spremeni bistva izuma, kot je to opredeljeno v nadaljevanju.In order to achieve the desired effect and economically justifiable embodiment, in a preferred embodiment, the nozzle according to the invention is constructed from a single piece, which is generally made using Rapid Manufacturing technology. It is understood that such a nozzle can be made without geometric constraints in several structural embodiments of one or more constituent components or elements, which does not change the essence of the invention as defined below.
Šoba z ejektorskim vtokom medija (v nadaljevanju zraka) je v prednostni izvedbi konstrukcijsko zasnovana kot nastavek za pnevmatske naprave oziroma sisteme in obsega:In the preferred embodiment, the nozzle with the ejector flow of the medium (hereinafter referred to as air) is designed as a nozzle for pneumatic devices or systems and comprises:
- zadnji del, ki predstavlja priključek oziroma adapter za priklop šobe na vir zraka pod visokim pritiskom;- the rear part representing the connector or adapter for connecting the nozzle to the high-pressure air source;
- sredinski del, ki predstavlja ustje s stranskimi odprtinami za ejektorski vtok zraka iz okolice; ter- a central portion representing an orifice with lateral openings for ejector airflow from the surrounding area; ter
- sprednji del z difuzorjem zračnega toka.- front with airflow diffuser.
Prednostna izvedba šobe po izumu obsega obodno in centralno Venturijevo šobo oziroma kanal za ustvarjanje zračnega klina, ki je ključen za efektivno delovanje šobe po principu Coanda efekta. Poglavitna značilnost delovanja take šobe je ustvarjanje nadzorovane mejne plasti zraka v okolici šobe, natančneje znotraj difuzorja, ki zaradi viskoznih efektov na mejni plasti deluje na molekule zraka s centripetalno silo, katera skozi stranske odprtine srka zrak iz okolice in ga nadalje skozi difuzor potiska do iztoka. V prednostni izvedbi šoba po izumu nadalje obsega centralno Venturijevo šobo, ki s tokom zraka v centralnem delu prispeva centralno komponento zračnega klina, s čimer se notranji efekt Coanda znotraj difuzorja intenzivno poveča.A preferred embodiment of the nozzle according to the invention comprises a circumferential and central Venturi nozzle or channel for creating an air wedge, which is crucial for the effective operation of the nozzle according to the Coanda effect. The main feature of such a nozzle is the creation of a controlled boundary layer of air around the nozzle, more precisely inside the diffuser, which, due to the viscous effects on the boundary layer, acts on air molecules with a centripetal force, which through the lateral openings forces air from the surroundings and further pushes it through the diffuser. . In a preferred embodiment, the nozzle of the invention further comprises a central Venturi nozzle which, with the flow of air in the central part, contributes a central component of the air wedge, thereby intensifying the internal Coanda effect inside the diffuser.
Na predstavljen način šoba z ejektorskim vtokom medija ustvarja sestavljen zračni klin in nadzorovana frontalna področja visokega tlaka v področju difuzorja šobe po izumu ter analogno temu področja nizkega tlaka v območju stranskih odprtin. Podrobneje je bistvo izuma pojasnjeno v nadaljevanju z opisom priloženih risb izvedbenega primera, namenjenega za uporabo pri pnevmatskih sistemih.In the presented manner, the nozzle with the ejector flow of the medium creates a composite air wedge and controlled frontal high pressure areas in the area of the nozzle diffuser of the invention, and analogously to the low pressure area in the region of the lateral openings. The essence of the invention is explained in more detail below with the description of the accompanying drawings of an embodiment intended for use in pneumatic systems.
Slika 1. prikazuje šobo v izometričnem pogledu od zgoraj. Označeni so: kanal (2), iztok (7), ter nastavek (8) z navojem za namestitev šobe na cev kompresorja.Figure 1 shows the nozzle in an isometric view from above. Marked are: channel (2), outlet (7), and thread (8) with thread for mounting the nozzle on the compressor tube.
Slika 2. prikazuje šobo v pogledu od zadaj. Označeni so: vtok (1), kanal (2), centralna Venturijeva šoba (5) z vstopno odprtino (5a) in izstopno odprtino (5b), stranska odprtina (6), ter nastavek (8) z navojem za namestitev šobe na cev kompresorja. Nadalje je na sliki 2. definirana ravnina A-A za prečni prerez, ki je prikazan na sliki 3.Figure 2 shows the nozzle in the rear view. Marked are: inlet (1), duct (2), central venturi nozzle (5) with inlet (5a) and outlet (5b), lateral opening (6), and thread (8) with thread for nozzle mounting compressor. Furthermore, Figure 2 defines the plane A-A for the cross-section shown in Figure 3.
Slika 3. prikazuje šobo v prečnem prerezu A-A. Označeni so: vtok (1), kanal (2), komora (3), obodna Venturijeva šoba (4) z vstopno zračno režo (4a) in izstopno zračno režo (4b), centralna Venturijeva šoba (5) z vstopno odprtino (5a) in izstopno odprtino (5b), stranska odprtina (6), iztok (7), ter nastavek (8) z navojem za namestitev šobe na cev kompresorja.Figure 3. shows a nozzle in cross section A-A. Marked are: inlet (1), duct (2), chamber (3), peripheral Venturi nozzle (4) with inlet air gap (4a) and outlet air gap (4b), central Venturi nozzle (5) with inlet (5a) ) and the outlet port (5b), the side port (6), the outlet (7), and the threaded nozzle (8) for mounting the nozzle on the compressor tube.
Slika 4. prikazuje šobo v prečnem prerezu A-A z izrisanimi vektorji hitrosti zračnega toka, pri čemer posamezni deli šobe zaradi jasnosti slike niso posebej še enkrat označeni, kot je to prikazano na sliki 3.Figure 4 shows the nozzle in cross section A-A with the plotted velocity vectors of the air flow, the individual parts of the nozzle not being specially marked again for clarity of the image, as shown in Figure 3.
Učinek delovanja prednostne izvedbe šobe po izumu oziroma notranjega Coanda efekta take šobe se odraža kot razmerje med pretokom na vtoku (1) in pretokom na iztoku (7) iz šobe. Definirano razmerje je neposredno odvisno od geometrije difuzorja oziroma od geometrije in položaja centralne (5) in obodne Venturijeve šobe (4), pri čemer ima poleg opredeljenih parametrov na učinek in delovanje šobe po izumu velik vpliv hrapavost površine. Razume se, da je učinek delovanja šobe po izumu oziroma dotični Coanda efekt neposredno odvisen od pretoka zraka, kjer se izstopni zrak iz obodne Venturijeve šobe lepi na zaobljeno površino difuzorja, ki mora biti čim bolj gladka. Tehnična rešitev, ki je predmet te patentne prijave se nadalje neposredno navezuje na geometrijo komore (3) in difuzorja, kjer z dodatnim sredinskim tokom iz centralne Venturijeve šobe (5) nastane sestavljen zračni klin, ki povzroči intenzivni ejektorski vtok oziroma črpanja zraka iz okolice skozi šobo.The effect of the operation of the preferred embodiment of the nozzle according to the invention or of the internal Coanda effect of such nozzle is reflected as the ratio between the flow at the inlet (1) and the flow at the outlet (7) from the nozzle. The defined ratio depends directly on the diffuser geometry, or on the geometry and position of the central (5) and circumferential Venturi nozzles (4), and in addition to the defined parameters, the surface roughness is greatly influenced by the effect and performance of the nozzle according to the invention. It is understood that the effect of the operation of the nozzle according to the invention or the corresponding Coanda effect is directly dependent on the air flow, where the outlet air from the circumferential Venturi nozzle adheres to the rounded surface of the diffuser, which should be as smooth as possible. The technical solution which is the subject of this patent application is further directly related to the geometry of the chamber (3) and the diffuser, where with an additional central flow from the central Venturi nozzle (5) a composite air wedge is formed, which causes intense ejector flow or pumping of air from the surroundings through nozzle.
Šoba z ejektorskim vtokom zraka obsega nastavek (8) oziroma adapter, s katerim se šoba pretočno poveže oziroma namesti na vir zraka pod visokim pritiskom. Primarna funkcija nastavka (8) kot adapterja oziroma povezovalnega člena med šobo in virom medija je zagotavljanje pretoka oziroma dotoka medija skozi vtok (1). V konkretnem obravnavanem primeru prednostne izvedbe šobe z ejektorskim vtokom medija, predstavlja vir medija pnevmatski sistem s kompresorjem za zrak, pri čemer se šoba v prednostni izvedbi z navojem na nastavku (8) namesti na cev oziroma priključek obravnavanega sistema. Nastavek (8) je za obravnavane pnevmatske oziroma hidravlične sisteme lahko konstrukcijsko podrejen ciljnemu sistemu z dotičnimi standardi, oziroma je izveden modularno, predvsem z namenom zagotavljanja univerzalne, enostavne in hitre menjave različnih šob.An ejector air nozzle comprises a nozzle (8) or an adapter by which the nozzle is connected to or fitted to a high pressure air source. The primary function of the adapter (8) as an adapter or connecting member between the nozzle and the source of the medium is to ensure the flow or inflow of the medium through the inlet (1). In the particular case of the preferred embodiment of the nozzle with ejector flow of the medium, the source of the medium is a pneumatic system with an air compressor, wherein the nozzle in the preferred embodiment with a thread on the extension (8) is mounted on the tube or connection of the system under consideration. The nozzle (8) for the pneumatic or hydraulic systems under consideration may be structurally subordinated to the target system with the relevant standards, or it may be made modularly, in particular with the aim of providing universal, simple and quick replacement of the different nozzles.
Vtok (1) se v notranjosti šobe nadaljuje v mešalno komoro, kjer se primarni tok zraka razbije na centralni tok, ki napaja centralno Venturijevo šobo in na stranski tok, ki skozi kanal (2) napaja razbremenilno komoro (3), v kateri se tlak razporedi in napaja obodno Venturijevo šobo (4). Notranja obodna Venturijeva šoba (4) za ejektorsko črpanje medija iz okolice je pretočno povezana z vtokom (1) s tremi kanali (2), kateri so razporejeni okoli središčne osi v koraku 120°, pri čemer vsak od treh kanalov (2) napaja komoro (3) s tretjino zračnega pretoka obodne Venturijeve šobe (4). Komora (3) šobe po izumu je v prednostni izvedbi prostorsko omejena z obodno Venturijevo šobo (4), s konusnim plaščem šobe na zunanji strani in z difuzorjem šobe na notranji strani. Obodna Venturijeva šoba (4) s pripadajočo vstopno zračno režo (4a) in izstopno zračno režo (4b) je usmerjena v difuzor šobe pod kotom a, kjer se tok zraka zaradi viskoznih efektov prilepi na površino difuzorja in nadalje intenzivno pospeši proti iztoku (7) šobe, s čimer se generira notranji Coanda efekt. Omenjeni kot a glede na središčno os zračnega toka v prednostni izvedbi znaša 40°, pri čemer so relevantne izvedbe s kotom a med 30° in 95°.The inlet (1) continues inside the nozzle into the mixing chamber, where the primary airflow is broken to the central flow supplying the central Venturi nozzle and to the lateral flow supplying the pressure relief chamber (3) through the channel (2). arrange and power the circumferential Venturi nozzle (4). The inner circumferential venturi nozzle (4) for ejector pumping of the medium from the environment is connected in a flow connection to the inlet (1) by three channels (2) arranged around a central axis in 120 ° increments, each of the three channels (2) supplying the chamber (3) with a third of the airflow of the Venturi circumferential nozzle (4). In a preferred embodiment, the nozzle chamber (3) is preferably limited spatially by a circumferential Venturi nozzle (4), a conical nozzle jacket on the outside and a nozzle diffuser on the inside. The circumferential Venturi nozzle (4) with its associated inlet air gap (4a) and the outlet air gap (4b) is directed to the nozzle diffuser at an angle a, where, due to viscous effects, the air flow adheres to the diffuser surface and further intensely accelerates towards the outlet (7) nozzles, thereby generating an internal Coanda effect. Said angle a with respect to the center axis of the air stream in the preferred embodiment is 40 °, with relevant embodiments having an angle a between 30 ° and 95 °.
Delovanje notranjega Coanda efekta v difuzorju povzroči sekundarni dotok zraka skozi stranske odprtine oziroma skozi ustje v srednjem delu šobe, pri čemer se koncept notranjega Coanda efekta na difuzorju napaja s primarnim tok zraka skozi obodno zračno režo oziroma obodno Venturijevo šobo (4) in nadalje tudi s pretokom zraka skozi centralno Venturijevo šobo (5), ki s središčnim tokom zraka prispeva k poganjanju oziroma k še bolj intenzivnemu ustvarjanju zračnega klina in s tem tudi notranjega Coanda efekta v difuzorju šobe.The operation of the internal Coanda effect in the diffuser causes a secondary flow of air through the lateral openings or through the mouth in the middle part of the nozzle, whereby the concept of the internal Coanda effect on the diffuser is fed by the primary air flow through the circumferential air gap or the circumferential Venturi nozzle (4) and further by air flow through the central Venturi nozzle (5) which contributes to the propulsion or even more intensive creation of the air wedge and thus the internal Coanda effect in the nozzle diffuser with the central air flow.
Obodna Venturijeva šoba (4) ima v prednostni izvedbi lmm izstopno zračno režo (4b), kjer so relevantne izvedbe za ciljno aplikacijo šobe kot nastavka za kompresorske oziroma pnevmatske sisteme med 0,5mm in 3mm in podobno ima centralna Venturijeva šoba (5) v prednostni izvedbi za opredeljeno ciljno aplikacijo izstopno odprtino (5b) s premerom l,2mm pri čemer so relevantne izvedbe v območju med 0,5mm in 3mm premera.The peripheral Venturi nozzle (4) preferably has a lmm outlet air gap (4b), where the relevant embodiments for the target application of the nozzle as an attachment for compressor or pneumatic systems are between 0.5mm and 3mm, and similarly the central Venturi nozzle (5) has a preferred for the target application defined, an outlet opening (5b) with a diameter of 1, 2mm, with relevant embodiments in the range of 0.5mm to 3mm in diameter.
Skladno s predhodno napisanim je difuzor na notranji strani šobe neposredno povezan z zračno režo obodne Venturijeve šobe, pri čemer se difuzor širi navzven pod kotom v območju med 3° in 30°, prednostno pod kotom 15° glede na središčno os toka tekočine na iztoku (7). V področju iztoka zraka iz kanala (2) je v notranjosti komore (3) umeščen deflektor zračnega toka, ki usmerja tok zraka proti zračni reži obodne Venturijeve šobe, s čimer preprečuje vrtinčenje zračnih tokov znotraj komore (3) in prispeva k zmanjševanju tlačnih izgub v komori (3).According to the foregoing, the diffuser on the inside of the nozzle is directly connected to the air gap of the circumferential Venturi nozzle, the diffuser extending outward at an angle in the range of 3 ° to 30 °, preferably at an angle of 15 ° with respect to the central axis of the fluid flow at the outlet ( 7). In the area of air outflow from the duct (2), an air deflector is installed inside the chamber (3), which directs the air flow towards the air gap of the circumferential Venturi nozzle, thereby preventing the swirl of air flows inside the chamber (3) and contributing to the reduction of pressure losses in the chamber (3).
Obodna Venturijeva šoba (4) je konstrukcijsko izvedena kot zračna reža z različnim vstopnim in izstopnim presekom, zaradi česar se tlačno polje v področju obodne Venturijeve šobe (4) dinamično spremeni, kar pomeni, da medij oziroma zrak v obodni Venturijevi šobi intenzivno pospeši v smeri proti iztoku (7), pri čemer zaradi nadzorovane mejne plasti, ki se lepi na difuzor oziroma na notranje stene šobe, nastane pojav poznan kot Coanda efekt. Skladno s predhodno napisanim se zaradi tlačne razlike oziroma razlike med presekom vstopne zračne reže (4a) in med presekom izstopne zračne reže (4b) tok tekočine izteka v zunanjo okolice skozi iztok (7), pri čemer zaradi zračnega klina oziroma nastalega področja nizkega tlaka za obodno Venturijevo šobo nadzorovan tok medija povzroči vlek, ki črpa oziroma skrka zrak iz okolice skozi stransko odprtino (6).The peripheral Venturi nozzle (4) is structurally designed as an air gap with different inlet and outlet sections, which causes the pressure field in the region of the peripheral Venturi nozzle (4) to change dynamically, which means that the medium or air in the peripheral Venturi nozzle intensely accelerates in the direction of towards the outlet (7), whereby a controlled boundary layer adhering to the diffuser or the inner walls of the nozzle produces a phenomenon known as the Coanda effect. In accordance with the foregoing, due to the pressure difference or the difference between the intersection of the inlet air gap (4a) and the intersection of the outlet air gap (4b), the fluid flow flows into the outer surroundings through the outlet (7), whereby due to the air wedge or the resulting low pressure region, a circumferential Venturi nozzle controlled flow of the medium causes a draft that draws or shrinks ambient air through the side opening (6).
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Obodna Venturijeva šoba (4) je v konkretnem obravnavanem primeru prednostno oblikovana kot cilindrična zračna reža, kar pa ne pomeni, da je to edina relevantna tehnična izvedba. Nasprotno, obodna Venturijeva šoba (4) je lahko oblikovana kot zračna reža poljubne oblike, s čimer se neposredno spremeni učinek Coanda efekta in oblika zračnega toka na iztoku (7). Skladno s predhodno zapisanim velja, da z obliko in širino zračne reže obodne Venturijeve šobe (4) neposredno vplivamo na obliko, jakost in gostoto zračnega toka na iztoku (7). Z drugimi besedami to pomeni, da z obliko obodne Venturijeve šobe (4) s pripadajočo zračno režo neposredno vplivamo na tlačno in hitrostno polje toka medija na iztoku.The circumferential Venturi nozzle (4) is preferably configured as a cylindrical air gap in the present case, which does not mean that this is the only relevant technical design. On the contrary, the circumferential Venturi nozzle (4) can be shaped as an air gap of any shape, thus directly changing the Coanda effect and the airflow shape at the outlet (7). According to the foregoing, the shape and width of the air gap of the circumferential Venturi nozzle (4) is said to directly affect the shape, strength and density of the airflow at the outlet (7). In other words, the shape of the circumferential Venturi nozzle (4) with the associated air gap directly influences the pressure and velocity fields of the flow of the medium at the outflow.
Šoba za ejektorski vtok medija je nadalje na koncu v prednostni obliki oblikovana kot usmernik oziroma vodilnik, ki tok zraka umiri, usmeri in zgosti, s čimer skladno z vstopnimi parametri sistema nastane snop oziroma curek zraka glede na geometrijo šobe. Razmerje med volumskim oziroma masnim tokom medija skozi obodno Venturijevo šobo (4) in centralno Venturijevo šobo (5) je določeno s padci tlaka v šobi oziroma s premerom in obliko vstopne odprtine (5a) in izstopne odprtine (5b) centralne Venturijeve šobe, ter z minimalni prečnim presekom kanala (2) za napajanje komore (3). Vpliv toka medija skozi centralno Venturijevo šobo na tok medija skozi iztok (7) je skladno s predhodno napisanim odvisen od položaja izstopne odprtine (5b) glede na izstopno zračno režo (4b), pri čemer se s spreminjanjem relativne razdalje neposredno spreminja vpliv na intenzivnost Coanda efekta znotraj šobe oziroma na hitrost ter gostoto toka tekočine na iztoku (7).The ejector nozzle of the medium is further formed in the preferred form as a rectifier or guide, which calms, directs and thickens the air flow, which, in accordance with the inlet parameters of the system, creates a beam or jet of air according to the geometry of the nozzle. The ratio between the volume or mass flow of the medium through the circumferential Venturi nozzle (4) and the central Venturi nozzle (5) is determined by the pressure drops in the nozzle or by the diameter and shape of the inlet opening (5a) and the outlet opening (5b) of the central Venturi nozzle, and by the minimum cross-section of the duct (2) for supplying the chamber (3). The influence of the flow of the medium through the central Venturi nozzle on the flow of the medium through the outlet (7), according to the above, depends on the position of the outlet opening (5b) with respect to the outlet air gap (4b), which directly changes the influence on the Coanda intensity by changing the relative distance the effect inside the nozzle or the velocity and density of the fluid flow at the outlet (7).
Z napredno izvedbo šobe po izumu lahko delovanje notranjega Coanda efekta v difuzorju šobe nadgradimo z zunanjim Coanda efektom, ki ga s šobo po izumu lahko ustvarimo v dveh področjih. Z integracijo zračne reže na centralno Venturijevo šobo (5) se zunanji efekt Coanda pojavi v področju centralne Venturijeve šobe in nadalje v drugem primeru, lahko zunanji Coanda efekt ustvarimo na zunanjem konusnem plašču šobe, kjer se princip napaja iz komore (3) kot posledica zračnega toka na vtoku (1). V obeh primerih se zunanji Coanda efekt napaja s primarnim zračnim tokom iz pnevmatskega sistema z visokim tlakom. Razlika med prvim in drugim zunanjim Coanda efektom se kaže le v tem, da pri zunanjem Coanda efektu na centralni Venturijevi šobi sekundarni zrak iz okolice vstopa v šobo skozi stranske odprtine (6) in zapušča šobo na iztoku (7), pri zunanjem Coanda efektu na konusnem plašču šobe pa zrak iz okolice ne vstopa v difuzor šobe po izumu, ampak ga po Coanda efektu za seboj vleče tok zraka iz zunanje obodne zračne reže.With the advanced embodiment of the nozzle according to the invention, the operation of the internal Coanda effect in the nozzle diffuser can be upgraded with the external Coanda effect, which can be created in two domains by the nozzle according to the invention. By integrating the air gap into the central Venturi nozzle (5), the Coanda external effect occurs in the area of the central Venturi nozzle, and in the second case, an external Coanda effect can be created on the outer conical nozzle casing where the principle is fed from the chamber (3) as a result of the air flow at the inlet (1). In both cases, the external Coanda effect is fed by the primary airflow from the high pressure pneumatic system. The difference between the first and second external Coanda effect is only shown by the fact that in the external Coanda effect on the central Venturi nozzle, secondary air enters the nozzle through the lateral openings (6) and leaves the nozzle at the outlet (7); the nozzle cone, however, does not enter the ambient air into the nozzle diffuser of the invention, but is drawn by the Coanda effect behind the flow of air from the outer circumferential air gap.
Način industrijske uporabeMethod of industrial use
Predstavljena šoba z ejektorskim vtokom medija je uporabljiva v več možnih variantnih izvedbah. Nadalje lahko šobo z ejektorskim vtokom zraka nadgradimo z nastavljivo iglo, ki izstopno odprtino (5b) centralne Venturijeve šobe (5) pomika vzdolž središčne osi zračnega toka, s čimer neposredno dinamično vplivamo na intenziteto Coanda efekta v difuzorju. Podobno lahko šobo po izumu nadgradimo z integracijo Prandtlove cevi, s čimer izvedemo dve ločeni napajanji za centralno in obodno Venturijevo šobo, pri čemer lahko skozi ločeno napajanje dovajamo enak ali različen medij, ki ni nujno tekočina. Tako izvedbo šobe lahko uporabimo za peskanje, barvanje ali druge tehnološke procese in postopke.The presented nozzle with ejector medium is usable in several possible variants. Furthermore, the nozzle can be upgraded with an ejector air intake with an adjustable needle that moves the outlet opening (5b) of the central Venturi nozzle (5) along the center axis of the airflow, thereby directly influencing the Coanda effect intensity in the diffuser. Similarly, the nozzle of the invention can be upgraded by integrating a Prandtl pipe, thus providing two separate feeds for the central and circumferential Venturi nozzles, whereby the same or different medium, which is not necessarily liquid, can be fed through a separate feed. This nozzle design can be used for blasting, painting or other technological processes and processes.
Razume se, da lahko šobo po izumu brez posebnih zahtev funkcionalno in konstrukcijsko prilagodimo, kar pa ne spremeni bistva izuma, kot je to opredeljeno sledečih patentnih zahtevkih.It is understood that the nozzle of the invention can be functionally and constructionally adapted without special requirements, which does not change the essence of the invention as defined by the following claims.
Claims (15)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SI201100128A SI23702A (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2011-04-12 | The nozzle with an ejected fluid inlet |
| PCT/SI2012/000023 WO2012166058A1 (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2012-04-13 | The nozzle with an ejected fluid inlet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SI201100128A SI23702A (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2011-04-12 | The nozzle with an ejected fluid inlet |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SI23702A true SI23702A (en) | 2012-10-30 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SI201100128A SI23702A (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2011-04-12 | The nozzle with an ejected fluid inlet |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| SI (1) | SI23702A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2012166058A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9494050B2 (en) | 2013-09-20 | 2016-11-15 | The Boeing Company | Concentric nozzles for enhanced mixing of fluids |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1054203B (en) * | 1956-09-13 | 1959-04-02 | Sebac Nouvelle S A | Device for moving a gas |
| US3316657A (en) | 1965-10-23 | 1967-05-02 | Huyck Corp | Air deflector utilizing coanda effect |
| US4055870A (en) | 1974-12-23 | 1977-11-01 | Yasuzi Furutsutsumi | Hand-operated apparatus for pneumatically removing dust |
| CA1077541A (en) | 1977-12-01 | 1980-05-13 | Vortec Corporation | Flow amplifying nozzle |
| FR2575678B1 (en) * | 1985-01-04 | 1988-06-03 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | PNEUMATIC POWDER EJECTOR |
| US5203509A (en) * | 1992-04-03 | 1993-04-20 | The United State Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Vortex nozzle for segmenting and transporting metal chips from turning operations |
| NO327504B1 (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2009-07-27 | Ntnu Technology Transfer As | An ejector for fluids |
-
2011
- 2011-04-12 SI SI201100128A patent/SI23702A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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2012
- 2012-04-13 WO PCT/SI2012/000023 patent/WO2012166058A1/en active Application Filing
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| WO2012166058A1 (en) | 2012-12-06 |
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