SI23474A

SI23474A - Brake disk with cooling elements

Info

Publication number: SI23474A
Application number: SI201000279A
Authority: SI
Inventors: David DERĹ˝IÄŚ
Original assignee: Kovis D.O.O.
Priority date: 2010-09-08
Filing date: 2010-09-08
Publication date: 2012-03-30

Abstract

Disk (1) for disk brakes is made of two coaxial and parallel ring plates (2) which are distantly fixed and connected with barrel elements (3). On the inner circumference of the ring plates (2) there are connection elements (4) for fixing the brake disk and the shaft hub. On the inner sides of ring plates (2) there are plenty of cooling elements in a protruding form (3) which are situated linear around barrel elements (3) in a raster form. The protruding form of these elements maximizes the area of the ring plates (2) what maximizes the heat transfer into the surrounding during braking process. The cooling is also accelerated because of increasing of air turbulences between the ring plates (2). The lower brake disk (1) temperature increases the braking efficiency and decreases the number of the scratches which damage the brake disk (1).

Description

Predmet izuma se nanaša zavorne diske tj. rotoije kolutnih zavor, še zlasti kolutnih zavor za timična vozila iz sive litine.The subject of the invention relates to brake discs, ie. disc brakes, in particular disc brakes for gray cast iron vehicles.

Tehnični problemA technical problem

Tehnični problem je, kako zagotoviti učinkovito in čim bolj enakomerno hlajenje zavornega diska s tokom zraka.The technical problem is how to ensure efficient and even cooling of the brake disc with air flow.

Stanje tehnikeThe state of the art

Kolutne zavore so naprave, ki so namenjena za upočasnjevanje oziroma ustavljanje vozil. Kolutna zavora obsega zavorni disk s pestom za povezavo z gredjo, ki jo je treba zavreti, in zavorne čeljusti z zavornima ploščicama, ki pri zaviranju ubirata s stranskima ploskvama zavornega diska. Kinetična energija vozila se zaradi trenja med zavornim diskom in zavornima ploščicama spreminja v toploto, ki posledično segreva zavorni disk. Sproščena toplota je še zlasti velika pri zaviranju vozil, ki se gibljejo z veliko hitrostjo ali imajo veliko maso, kot so npr. timična vozila.Disc brakes are devices designed to slow or stop vehicles. The disc brake comprises a brake disc with a hub to connect to the shaft to be braked, and brake calipers with brake pads that engage with the side surfaces of the brake disc when braking. Due to the friction between the brake disc and the brake pads, the kinetic energy of the vehicle changes to heat, which in turn heats the brake disk. The heat released is particularly high when braking vehicles that are moving at high speeds or have high masses, such as eg. timic vehicles.

Z višanjem temperature zavore se učinkovitost le te zmanjša, saj se zniža koeficient trenja površine diska in z njim sila trenja. Poleg tega pa visoke temperature v spregi z mehanskimi obremenitvami zavornega diska in pa toplotne napetosti zaradi lokalnih temperaturnih razlik v zavornem disku povzročajo mehanske poškodbe površine zavornega diska, ki se odražajo v razpokah in plastičnih deformacijah zavornega diska.As the temperature of the brake increases, its efficiency decreases as the coefficient of friction of the surface of the disk and its friction force decrease. In addition, high temperatures in conjunction with the mechanical loads of the brake disk and thermal stresses due to local temperature differences in the brake disk cause mechanical damage to the brake disk surface, which are reflected in the cracks and plastic deformation of the brake disk.

V splošnem se problem pregrevanja zavornega diska rešuje s skoznjimi luknjami, ki so tvorjene v zavornem disku v aksialni smeri, in skozi katere teče tok hladilnega zraka in ohlaja zavorni disk. Tovrstne luknje so po drugi strani vir razpok in v skrajnem primeru privedejo do porušitve zavornega diska.In general, the problem of overheating of the brake disk is solved by the through holes, which are formed in the brake disk in the axial direction, through which the flow of cooling air flows and cools the brake disk. Such holes, on the other hand, are the source of cracks and, as a last resort, cause the brake disk to burst.

Drug, bolj učinkovit način reševanja problema pregrevanja zavore je z zagotovitvijo takšne konstrukcije zavornega diska, ki obsega dve soosni, medsebojno vzporedni kolobarjasti plošči, ki sta medsebojno razmaknjeni in povezani s stojinami v obliki reber ali prečk tako, da se tvorijo kanali, skozi katere teče tok zraka in odvaja toploto s stojin in s kolobarjastih plošč zavornega diska. Intenzivnost ohlajanja zavornega diska se z večanjem števila stojin ali večanjem premera stojin povečuje, saj se s tem povečuje površina preko katere se odvaja toplota. Vendar je takšno povečevanje mogoče samo do neke mere, saj se istočasno zmanjšuje presek kanalov med stojinami, skozi katere teče tok zraka in s tem intenzivnost prenosa toplote s stojin in kolobarjastih plošč na zrak.Another, more effective way of solving the problem of overheating the brake is to provide such a brake disc structure comprising two coaxial, mutually parallel annular plates spaced apart and interconnected by webs in the form of ribs or cross-sections so as to form channels through which the brake flows air flow and heat dissipation from the brake discs and rotors. The intensity of cooling of the brake disc increases with the increase of the number of racks or the increase in the diameter of the racks, as this increases the surface through which heat is released. However, such an increase is only possible to some extent, since at the same time the cross-section of the channels between the walls through which the air flow flows is reduced, and thus the intensity of heat transfer from the stands and the annular plates to the air.

Dokument GB 1 449 512 razkriva disk za kolutno zavoro, ki obsega dve soosni kolobarjasti plošči, ki sta medsebojno povezani s prečnimi elementi, ki med seboj določajo prehode za tok hladilnega zraka. Ohlajanje diska je bolj intenzivno v področjih, kjer se vsakokratna kolobaijasta plošča stikata z vsakokratnim prečnim elementom, manj intenzivno pa v področjih vsakokratne kolobaijaste plošče na sredini med vsakokratnima sosednjima prečnima elementoma.Document GB 1 449 512 discloses a disc brake disc comprising two coaxial rotary discs interconnected by transverse elements that determine the crossings for the cooling air flow. Disk cooling is more intense in the areas where the respective collateral plate contacts the respective transverse element, and less intensely in the regions of the respective collapse plate in the middle between the respective adjacent transverse elements.

Rešitev tehničnega problemaThe solution to a technical problem

Rešitev tehničnega problema je po predloženem izumu v zavornem disku za kolutno zavoro, ki obsega dve soosni, medsebojno vzporedni kolobaijasti plošči. Na notranjem obodu kolobarjastih plošč so tvoijeni elementi za povezavo zavornega diska s pestom gredi, ki jo je potrebno zavirati. Kolobaijasti plošči sta odmaknjeni • · druga od druge in medsebojno povezani z valjastimi stojinami, ki so vzporedne z vrtilno osjo diska, in ki so v bistvu enakomerno razporejene po površini kolobaijastih plošč. Na notranji strani vsaj ene kolobaijaste plošče, prednostno obeh, je tvoijena množica hladilnih elementov v obliki štrlin. Štrline so tvoijene linijsko in razmeščene med stojinami tako, da tvorijo raster. Omenjeni raster je tvorjen tako, da vsakokratna štrlina povezuje vsakokratni sosednji stojini. Štrline na zunanjem/notranjem obodu kolobarjaste plošče so razmeščene tako, da povezujejo zunanje/notranje stojine z zunanjim/notranjim robom kolobaijaste plošče. Hladilni elementi so tvoijeni scela s kolobarjasto ploščo. Prečni prerez štrlin je izbran iz množice oblik, ki jo tvorijo četverokotnik, trikotnik, polkrog, odsek elipse, trapez. Robovi omenjenih oblik v prečnem prerez in pa stiki štrlin s kolobaijasto ploščo so tvoijeni zaobljeno.The solution to the technical problem is according to the present invention in a disc brake disc comprising two coaxial, mutually parallel, disc plates. On the inner circumference of the annular plates are your elements for connecting the brake disc to the hub of the shaft to be braked. The colobiae plates are spaced apart from each other and interconnected by cylindrical webs parallel to the rotary axis of the disc and substantially evenly spaced over the surface of the colobiae discs. On the inside of at least one colobia plate, preferably both, is a plurality of projections in the form of projections. The projections are linear and arranged between the webs to form a raster. Said raster is formed in such a way that each projection connects each adjacent web. The projections on the outer / inner circumference of the annular plate are arranged to connect the outer / inner webs with the outer / inner edges of the annular plate. The cooling elements are a circular plate. The cross-section of the projections is selected from a set of shapes formed by a quadrilateral, a triangle, a semicircle, an ellipse section, and a trapezoid. The edges of the said cross-sections and the contacts of the projections with the colobia plate are rounded.

Hladilni elementi v obliki štrlin povečajo površino notranje ploskve zavornega diska in s tem intenzivirajo odvajanje toplote z diska. Hkrati štrline prispevajo k bolj turbulentnemu toku zraka skozi zavorni disk, kar spet ugodno vpliva na odvajanje toplote z zavornega diska na okoliški zrak. Nadaljnja prednost zavornega diska po izumu je, da hladilni elementi povzročijo enakomernejše ohlajanje zavornega diska ter s tem manjše notranje napetosti v materialu zavornega diska zaradi manjših lokalnih temperaturnih razlik in s tem manjše poškodbe površine zavornega diska v obliki razpok. V nadaljevanju so opisani izvedbeni primeri.The projections in the form of protrusions increase the surface of the inner surface of the brake disk and thus intensify the heat dissipation from the disk. At the same time, the projections contribute to a more turbulent flow of air through the brake disk, which again has a beneficial effect on the heat dissipation from the brake disk to the surrounding air. A further advantage of the brake disc according to the invention is that the cooling elements cause a more uniform cooling of the brake disk and thus lower internal stresses in the brake disk material due to smaller local temperature differences and thus less damage to the brake disc surface in the form of cracks. The following are examples of embodiments.

Slika 1: Zavorni disk s hladilnimi elementi v obliki štrlinFigure 1: Brake disc with protruding coolers

Slika 2: Prečni prerez odseka zavornega diska s hladilnimi elementi v obliki štrlinFigure 2: Cross section of a brake disc section with projections in the form of projections

Predmet izuma je zavorni disk 1 za kolutno zavoro, ki obsega dve soosni, medsebojno vzporedni kolobarjasti plošči 2. Na notranjem obodu kolobaijastih plošč 2 so tvoijeni elementi 4 za povezavo zavornega diska s pestom gredi, ki jo je potrebno zavirati. Kolobarjasti plošči 2 sta odmaknjeni druga od druge in medsebojno povezani z valjastimi stojinami 3, ki so vzporedne z vrtilno osjo diska, in ki so v bistvu enakomerno razporejene po površini kolobarjastih plošč 2. Na notranji strani vsaj ene • · kolobarjaste plošče 2, prednostno obeh, je tvorjena množica hladilnih elementov v obliki štrlin 5. Štrline 5 so tvoijene linijsko in razmeščene okrog stojin 3 tako, da tvorijo raster. Omenjeni raster je tvorjen tako, da vsakokratna štrlina 5 povezuje vsakokratni sosednji stojini 3. Štrline 5 na zunanjem/notranjem obodu kolobarjaste plošče 2 so razmeščene tako, da povezujejo zunanje/notranje stojine 3 z zunanjim/notranjim robom kolobaijaste plošče 2. Hladilni elementi v obliki štrlin 5 so tvorjeni scela s kolobarjasto ploščo 2. Prečni prerez štrlin 5 je izbran iz množice oblik, ki jo tvorijo četverokotnik, trikotnik, polkrog, odsek elipse, trapez, pri čemer so robovi teh oblik v prečnem prerez in pa stiki štrlin 5 s kolobaijasto ploščo 2 tvorjeni zaobljeno.The subject of the invention is a disc brake disc 1 for a disc brake comprising two coaxial, mutually parallel rotary plates 2. On the inner circumference of the annular plates 2 are your elements 4 for connecting the brake disc to the hub of the shaft to be braked. The annular plates 2 are spaced apart from one another and interconnected by cylindrical webs 3, which are parallel to the rotating axis of the disk, and are substantially evenly spaced over the surface of the annular plates 2. On the inner side of at least one • annular plate 2, preferably both , a plurality of projections are formed in the form of projections 5. The projections 5 are linearly arranged and arranged around the racks 3 so as to form a raster. Said raster is formed such that the projection 5 connects the respective adjacent webs 3. The projections 5 on the outer / inner circumference of the annular plate 2 are arranged to connect the outer / inner columns 3 with the outer / inner edge of the annular plate 2. The cooling elements in the form projections 5 are a scaffold with a circular plate 2. The cross section of projections 5 is selected from a set of shapes formed by a quadrilateral, triangle, semicircle, ellipse section, trapezium, the edges of these shapes being in cross-section and the contacts of projections 5 with circular plate 2 formed rounded.

Pri zaviranju kolutne zavore zavorne čeljusti ubirajo z zavornim diskom 1. Kinetična energija vozila, ki ga je treba zavreti, se spreminja v toplotno energijo, ki močno segreva zavorni disk 1. Prost prostor med kolobarjastima ploščama 2 in valjastimi stojinami 3 omogoča pretok hladilnega zraka, ki zavorni disk 1 ohlaja. Hladilne štrline 5 po izumu, povečajo notranjo površino zavornega diska in s tem izboljšajo odvajanje toplote z zavornega diska 1. Po drugi strani pa hladilne štrline 5 povzročajo vrtinčenje zraka na njegovi poti skozi zavorni disk 1, s čimer se spet poveča intenzivnost odvajanja toplote z zavornega diska.When the disc brake is applied, the brake calipers are injected with the brake disc 1. The kinetic energy of the vehicle to be braked is converted into thermal energy, which greatly warms the brake disc 1. The free space between the annular plates 2 and the cylindrical webs 3 allows the cooling air to flow, which brake disc 1 cools. The cooling projections 5 according to the invention increase the inner surface of the brake disk and thereby improve the heat dissipation from the brake disk 1. On the other hand, the cooling projections 5 cause the air in its path through the brake disk 1 to swirl, thereby again increasing the intensity of heat dissipation from the brake disk 1. disk.

Claims

Patentni zahtevkiPatent claims

1. Zavorni disk (1) za kolutno zavoro, še zlasti za kolutno zavoro za timična vozila, ki obsega dve soosni, medsebojno vzporedni ter medsebojno razmaknjeni kolobarjasti plošči (2), elemente (4) za povezavo zavornega diska s pestom gredi, ki jo je potrebno zavirati, pri čemer so elementi (4) za povezavo zavornega diska s pestom gredi tvorjenj na notranjem obodu kolobarjastih plošč (2), valjaste stojine (3), ki medsebojno povezujejo kolobarjasti plošči (2), so vzporedne z vrtilno osjo diska in so v bistvu enakomerno razporejene po notranji površini kolobaijastih plošč (2), značilen po tem, da nadalje obsega množico hladilnih elementov v obliki štrlin (5), ki so tvoijene na notranji strani vsaj ene kolobaijaste plošče (2), prednostno obeh.A disc brake (1) for a disc brake, in particular for a disc brake for thymic vehicles, comprising two coaxial, parallel and spaced wheels (2), elements (4) for connecting the brake disc to the hub of a shaft which the brakes (4) having elements (4) for connecting the brake disc to the hub of the formation shafts on the inner circumference of the annular plates (2), the cylindrical webs (3) interconnecting the annular discs (2) are parallel to the rotating axis of the disc and are substantially evenly spaced over the inner surface of the colobiae plates (2), characterized in that it further comprises a plurality of projections in the form of projections (5) which are screwed on the inside of at least one colobiae plate (2), preferably both.

2. Zavorni disk (1) za kolutno zavoro po zahtevku 1, značilen po tem, da so štrline (5) tvorjene linijsko in so po notranji površini kolobaijastih plošč (2) razmeščene tako, da tvorijo raster.Disc brake disc (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the projections (5) are linearly shaped and arranged on the inner surface of the annular plates (2) to form a raster.

3. Zavorni disk (1) za kolutno zavoro po zahtevku 2, značilen po tem, daje omenjeni raster štrlin (5) tvorjen tako, da vsakokratna štrlina (5) povezuje vsakokratni sosednji stojini (3), medtem ko so štrline (5) na zunanjem/notranjem obodu kolobaijaste plošče (2) razmeščene tako, da povezujejo zunanje/notranje stojine (3) z zunanjim/notranjim robom kolobarjaste plošče (2).Disc brake disc (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that said projection raster (5) is formed such that the projection (5) connects the respective adjacent webs (3), while the projections (5) are the outer / inner circumference of the annular plate (2) arranged to connect the outer / inner racks (3) with the outer / inner edge of the annular plate (2).

4. Zavorni disk (1) za kolutno zavoro po katerem koli od predhodnih zahtevkov, značilen po tem, da hladilni elementi v obliki štrlin (5) tvoijeni scela s kolobaijasto ploščo (2).Disc disc brake (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the projections in the form of protrusions (5) twist a disc with a disc (2).

5. Zavorni disk (1) za kolutno zavoro po katerem koli od predhodnih zahtevkov, značilen po tem, da prečni prerez štrlin (5) je izbran iz množice oblik, ki jo tvorijo četverokotnik, trikotnik, polkrog, odsek elipse, trapez.Disc brake disc (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross section of the projections (5) is selected from a plurality of shapes formed by a quadrilateral, triangle, semicircle, ellipse section, trapezoid.

• ·• ·

6. Zavorni disk (1) za kolutno zavoro po zahtevku 5, značilen po tem, da so robovi omenjenih oblik v prečnem prerez in pa stiki štrlin (5) s kolobarjasto ploščo (2) tvotjeni zaobljeno.Disc disc brake (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the edges of said shapes are cross-sectioned and the contacts of the projections (5) with the annular plate (2) are rounded.