SI23059A - Collector for collecting and converting solar energy - Google Patents

Collector for collecting and converting solar energy Download PDF

Info

Publication number
SI23059A
SI23059A SI200900148A SI200900148A SI23059A SI 23059 A SI23059 A SI 23059A SI 200900148 A SI200900148 A SI 200900148A SI 200900148 A SI200900148 A SI 200900148A SI 23059 A SI23059 A SI 23059A
Authority
SI
Slovenia
Prior art keywords
photovoltaic
cells
photovoltaic cells
collector
energy
Prior art date
Application number
SI200900148A
Other languages
Slovenian (sl)
Inventor
Hrovatiäś@Igor
Original Assignee
Hrovatiäś@Igor
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hrovatiäś@Igor filed Critical Hrovatiäś@Igor
Priority to SI200900148A priority Critical patent/SI23059A/en
Priority to PCT/SI2010/000028 priority patent/WO2010138086A2/en
Publication of SI23059A publication Critical patent/SI23059A/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/40—Thermal components
    • H02S40/44—Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0547—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the reflecting type, e.g. parabolic mirrors, concentrators using total internal reflection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S2023/84—Reflective elements inside solar collector casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S25/00—Arrangement of stationary mountings or supports for solar heat collector modules
    • F24S2025/01—Special support components; Methods of use
    • F24S2025/011—Arrangements for mounting elements inside solar collectors; Spacers inside solar collectors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids

Abstract

In a collector for collecting and converting solar energy, known also under the name of photovoltaic collector to an expert and which is essentially intended for collection of solar energy and its conversion into electrical energy, the effectiveness, namely the energy efficiency, can be considerably increased according to the invention. The collector for collecting and converting solar energy includes a composition (2) of photovoltaic cells (2', 2'') which are intended for collection and conversion of solar energy directly into electrical energy. Each respective solar cell (2', 2'') on the insolated, towards the sun directed side, comprises at least one photovoltaically active surface (21), while between at least two respective adjacent photovoltaic cells (2', 2''), there is each time at least one photovoltaically inactive surface (20) available, in the range of which no direct conversion of solar energy into electrical energy is possible. The said photovoltaic cells (2', 2'') are installed into a casing designed as a frame (1), which comprises, on the front, i.e. insolated side of photovoltaic cells (2', 2''), at least one light-permeable wall, particularly a pane of glass (12), arranged at a certain distance from the said photovoltaic cells, and on the opposite, i.e. the back side, at least one heat exchanger (3) which is arranged in the direct vicinity of the said photovoltaic cells (2', 2'') and stiffly connected with the said composition (2) of photovoltaic cells (2', 2'') and at the same time adapted for transfer of thermal energy from the area of photovoltaic cells (2', 2'') to a heat transfer medium which is flowing in the interior of the said heat exchanger (3).

Description

Kolektor za zbiranje in pretvarjanje solarne energijeCollector for collecting and converting solar energy

Izum se nanaša na kolektor za zbiranje solarne energije, ki slednjo zbira in pretvarja v druge oblike.The invention relates to a collector for collecting solar energy, which collects and converts the latter into other forms.

Pri tem je izum osnovan na problemu, kako pri kolektorju za zbiranje in pretvarjanje solarne energije, strokovnjaku znanem tudi pod nazivom fotovoltaični kolektor, ki je v osnovi namenjen za zbiranje solarne energije in pretvarjanje le-te v električno energijo, znatno povečati učinkovitost, namreč energetski izkoristek.The invention is based on the problem of how to significantly increase the efficiency, namely energy, of a solar collector, a specialist also known as a photovoltaic collector, which is basically intended for collecting solar energy and converting it into electricity. efficiency.

US 2008302357 predlaga hibridni fotovoltaični kolektor, ki obsega po obsevani površini razporejene fotovoltaične celice, v katerih se solarna energija pretvarja v električno, obenem pa tudi za omenjenimi celicami in v njihovi bližini razporejen prenosnik toplote, v katerem pretakajoča se tekočina odvaja toploto iz območja omenjenih celic do ustreznega ponora toplote, v katerem se omenjena tekočina ohlaja, nakar se tako ohlajena spet vrača v območje celic. Zahvaljujoč odvodu toplote iz območja fotovoltaičnih celic je možno v celicah znatno povečati energetski izkoristek pri sami pretvorbi solarne energije v električno, ker se omenjeni izkoristek z naraščanjem temperature v območju celic znatno poslabša.US 2008302357 proposes a hybrid photovoltaic collector comprising photovoltaic cells distributed over the irradiated surface, in which solar energy is converted into electrical energy, and at the same time a heat exchanger is arranged behind said cells, in which the flowing fluid discharges heat from said cells. to a suitable heat sink in which said liquid is cooled and then returned to the region of the cooled fluid. Thanks to heat removal from the photovoltaic cell region, it is possible to significantly increase the energy efficiency in the cells when converting solar energy into electrical energy itself, since the said efficiency decreases significantly with increasing temperature in the cell region.

Tako je zahvaljujoč hlajenju celic izkoristek sicer lahko občutno izboljšan, obenem pa med hlajenjem celic odvedena toplota še vedno predstavlja znaten delež izgubljene energije. Po drugi strani je vsaka izmed omenjenih fotovoltaičnih celic zaradi racionalne izdelave na voljo v obliko osmerokotnika, namreč kvadrata z odrezanimi vogalnimi območji. Med sestavljanjem kolektorja so zatorej med celicami na voljo fotovoltaično neaktivna območja, ki so sicer obsevana in torej sprejemajo solarno energijo, vendar je niso zmožna pretvarjati v električno energijo. Omenjena fotovoltaično neaktivna območja predstavljajo znaten delež obsevane površine zbiralnika solarne energije, v katerih se solarna energija deloma reflektira. preostanek pa se pretvarja v toplotno energijo, kar še dodatno prispeva k povišanju temperature fotovoltaičnih celic v bližini in temu ustrezno poslabša izkoristek pretvorbe solarne energije v električno, kar kvečjemu narekuje potrebo po še intenzivnejšem hlajenju.Thus, thanks to cell cooling, the efficiency can be significantly improved, but at the same time the heat dissipated during cell cooling still represents a significant proportion of the energy lost. On the other hand, each of said photovoltaic cells is available in the form of an octagon, namely squares with cut off corners, for rational production. During the assembly of the collector, therefore, photovoltaic inactive areas are available between the cells, which are irradiated and therefore receive solar energy, but are not capable of converting it into electricity. These photovoltaic-inactive regions represent a significant proportion of the irradiated surface of the solar energy collector, in which solar energy is partially reflected. the rest is converted to thermal energy, which further contributes to the increase in the temperature of nearby photovoltaic cells and consequently degrades the efficiency of the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy, which at the most dictates the need for even more intense cooling.

Izum se nanaša na kolektor za zbiranje in pretvarjanje solarne energije, obsegajoč sestav fotovoltaičnih celic, namenjenih za pretvarjanje solarne energije neposredno v električno energijo, pri čemer vsakokratna solarna celica na obsevani, proti soncu obrnjeni strani obsega vsaj eno fotovoltaično aktivno površino, med vsaj dvema vsakokrat sosednjima fotovoltaičnima celicama pa je na voljo vsakokrat vsaj po ena fotovoltaično neaktivna površina, v območju katere neposredna pretvorba solarne energije v električno energijo ni možna. Omenjene fotovoltaične celice so vgrajene v kot okvir zasnovanem ohišju, ki na pročelni t.j. obsevani strani fotovoltaičnih celic obsega vsaj eno na odmiku od omenjenih fotovoltaičnih celic razporejeno in za svetlobo prepustno steno, še zlasti šipo, na nasprotni t.j. hrbtni strani pa vsaj en prenosnik toplote, ki je razporejen v neposredni bližini omenjenih fotovoltaičnih celic in je z omenjenim sestavom fotovoltaičnih celic togo povezan ter obenem prirejen za prenos toplotne energije iz območja fotovoltaičnih celic na medij za prenos toplote, ki se pretaka v notranjosti omenjenega prenosnika toplote.The invention relates to a collector for collecting and converting solar energy, comprising an assembly of photovoltaic cells intended to convert solar energy directly into electricity, each solar cell having at least one photovoltaic active surface on the irradiated side facing at least two each adjacent photovoltaic cells, however, are each provided with at least one photovoltaic-inactive surface, in the area where direct conversion of solar energy to electricity is not possible. Said photovoltaic cells are embedded in a frame-like housing that is on the front, i.e. the irradiated sides of the photovoltaic cells comprise at least one wall-spaced and light-permeable wall, in particular a pile, opposite to said photovoltaic cells, i.e. and at least one heat exchanger arranged in the immediate vicinity of said photovoltaic cells and rigidly coupled to said photovoltaic cell assembly and adapted for transferring heat energy from the photovoltaic cell region to a heat transfer medium transmitted inside said laptop heat.

• ·• ·

Po izumu je na proti sončnim žarkom obrnjeni strani okvira kolektorja v območju med sestavom fotovoltaičnih celic, in sicer prednostno v vsakem od omenjenih fotovoltaično neaktivnih območij med fotovoltaično aktivnimi območji celic predviden po en preusmerjevalnik za preusmerjanje svetlobnih žarkov iz vsakokrat fotovoltaično neaktivnega območja, v katerem se nahaja, v vsakokrat sosednja fotovoltaično aktivna območja, pri čemer sta velikost in oblika vsakokratnega preusmerjevalnika tako izbrani, da ustrezata velikosti in obliki vsakokratnega fotovoltaično neaktivnega območja, v katerem se nahaja preusmerjevalnik, in pri čemer je na nasprotni, od smeri vpadanja sončnih žarkov nasprotni strani okvira kolektorja neposredno ob prenosniku toplote predvidena vsaj ena termoizolacijska plast.According to the invention, on the sun-facing side of the collector frame in the area between the assembly of photovoltaic cells, preferably in each of said photovoltaic-inactive regions between the photovoltaic-active cell regions, there is provided one diverter to divert light rays from each photovoltaic-inactive region in which located in each adjacent photovoltaic active region, the size and shape of the respective diverter being selected to suit the size and shape of the respective photovoltaic inactive region in which the diverter is located, and in the opposite direction from the direction of sunlight opposite of the collector frame at least one thermal insulation layer is provided next to the heat exchanger.

Pri tem prednostno vsakokraten preusmerjevalnik svetlobnih žarkov sočasno predstavlja tudi distančnik, preko katerega sta med seboj na ustreznem medsebojnem razmiku in togo povezana šipa in sestav fotovoltaičnih celic. V tem kontekstu je vsakokraten preusmerjevalnik svetlobnih žarkov po eni strani preko lepilnega sloja togo povezan s šipo in po drugi strani preko lepilnega sloja z za svetlobo prepustno folijo, s katero je prevlečena in z njo preko lepilnega sloja z njo togo povezana vsakokratna fotovoltaična celica.Preferably, each light beam redirector also represents a spacer through which the pane and the assembly of photovoltaic cells are connected at an appropriate distance to each other and rigidly connected. In this context, the light beam rerouter is connected, on the one hand, rigidly to the pile through the adhesive layer and, on the other, to the photovoltaic cell, which is rigidly bonded to it and coated with it through the adhesive layer.

Pri eni od možnih izvedb izuma omenjeni preusmerjevalnik obsega zrcalne površine, ki so prirejene za preusmerjanje proti njim usmerjenih svetlobnih žarkov proti vsakokrat sosednjim fotovoltaično aktivnim površinam celic. Možne so različne izvedbe preusmerjevalnika. Temu ustrezno je bodisi vsaj ena zrcalna površina preusmerjevalnika ravna ali pa je vsaj ena zrcalna površina preusmerjevalnika konkavna ali pa je vsaj ena zrcalna površina preusmerjevalnika konveksna.In one of the possible embodiments of the invention, said transducer comprises mirror surfaces adapted to direct light rays directed toward them toward adjacent photovoltaic active surfaces of cells. Different implementations of the router are possible. Accordingly, at least one mirror surface of the router is flat, or at least one mirror surface of the router is concave, or at least one mirror surface of the router is convex.

Pri nadaljnji od možnih različic preusmerjevalnik sestoji iz za svetlobo prepustnega materiala, preusmerjanje proti njemu usmerjenih svetlobnih žarkov proti vsakokrat sosednjim fotovoltaično aktivnim površinam celic pa se v takem primeru lahko po principu loma svetlobe v notranjosti preusmerjevalnika.In further embodiments, the converter consists of a light-transmitting material, and the diversion of the light rays directed towards the adjacent photovoltaic active surfaces of the cells may in this case be based on the principle of refraction of light inside the converter.

Omenjeni prenosnik toplote pri kolektorju po izumu predstavlja vsaj en sklenjen tokokrog z v njem pretakajočim se medijem za odvajanje toplote iz območja fotovoltaičnih celic v območje izven okvira kolektorja, namreč v ogrevalni sistem za ogrevanje prostora ali za segrevanje sanitarne vode.Said heat exchanger in the collector according to the invention represents at least one closed circuit with its flowing medium for heat dissipation from the area of the photovoltaic cells to the area outside the collector box, namely to a space heating system or to heat domestic water.

Izum bo v nadaljevanju obrazložen s primerom izvedbe na priloženi skici, kjer kažejoThe invention will now be explained below with an example embodiment in the accompanying drawing, where they show

Sl. 1 kolektor za zbiranje in pretvarjanje solarne energije po izumu, pripravljen za delovanje in v prečnem prerezu;FIG. 1 collector for collecting and converting solar energy according to the invention, ready for operation and in cross section;

Sl. 2 shematično v perspektivi prikazane fotovoltaične celice kolektorja po Sl. 1; Sl. 3 celice po Sl. 2 v narisu.FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a photovoltaic collector cell according to FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a cell according to FIG. 2 in the outline.

Kolektor za zbiranje in pretvarjanje solarne energije, ki je v prečnem prerezu ponazorjen na Sl. 1, je v osnovi zasnovan kot sploščen, načeloma paralelepipedno oblikovan in proti vsem vremenskim vplivom z izjemo sončnih žarkov primemo zaščiten sestav in obsega okvir 1, v katerem je na obsevani t.j. proti sončni svetlobi obrnjeni strani 11 vgrajena šipa 12, medtem ko je na hrbtni strani 13 predvidena vsaj ena termoizolacijska plast 14.A collector for collecting and converting solar energy, illustrated in cross-section in FIG. 1 is basically designed as a flattened, generally parallelepipeded design, and with the exception of the sun's rays, with the exception of the sun's rays, adopts a protected assembly and comprises a frame 1 in which it is irradiated, i.e. a pillar 12 is mounted against the sunlight facing 11, while at least one thermal insulation layer 14 is provided at the back 13.

Vsakokrat razpoložljiv sestav 2 med seboj koplanamih, namreč v taisti ravnini nahajajočih se fotovoltaičnih celic 2', 2, je razporejen med seboj koplanamo in na odmiku od omenjene šipe 12. Pri tem površine celic 2', 2 predstavljajo fotovoltaično aktivna območja 21, vrzeli oz. izrezi oz. prekinitve med omenjenimi celicami 2', 2 pa fotovoltaično neaktivna območja 20.In each case, the available coplane assembly 2, namely in the same plane of the photovoltaic cells 2 ', 2, is arranged coplanar to each other and at a distance from said rod 12. The cell surfaces 2', 2 represent the photovoltaic active regions 21, gaps or . cutouts or. interruptions between said cells 2 'and 2 are photovoltaic inactive regions 20.

V prikazanem primeru je omenjen sestav 2 fotovoltaičnih celic 2', 2 na svoji obsevani, proti vpadnim sončnim žarkom obrnjeni strani prevlečen s prozorno, za svetlobo prepustno folijo 22, ki je z omenjenimi celicami 2', 2 povezana preko lepilnega sloja 26. Nadalje je omenjen sestav 2 celic 2', 2 na nasprotni, vstran od vpadnih sončnih žarkov obrnjeni strani prevlečen z izolacijsko folijo 24, ki je na celice 2, 2 pritrjena s pomočjo lepilnega sloja 25. Pri tem sta omenjeni foliji 22, 24 predvideni predvsem za izolacijo celic 2', 2 pred prevodom električne energije in pred vdorom vlage v območje celic 2', 2.In the example shown, said assembly 2 of the photovoltaic cells 2 ', 2 is coated on its irradiated, sunlight-facing side with a transparent, light-permeable film 22, which is connected to said cells 2', 2 by an adhesive layer 26. Further, said assembly 2 of cells 2 ', 2 on the opposite side, facing away from the rays of the sun, coated with insulating film 24, which is attached to cells 2, 2 by means of an adhesive layer 25. In this case, said films 22, 24 are provided for insulation in particular of cells 2 ', 2 before conducting electricity and before the ingress of moisture into the area of cells 2', 2.

Še nadalje je na vstran od vpadnih sončnih žarkov obrnjeni strani omenjenega sestava 2 fotovoltaičnih celic 2', 2 predviden prenosnik 3 toplote, ki obsega vsaj en sklenjen tokokrog 31, ki je napolnjen z ustreznim tekočim medijem, pri čemer omenjeni prenosnik 3 omogoča prenos toplote iz območja sestava 2 fotovoltaičnih celic 2', 2 na medij, ki je vsebovan v vsakokratnem tokokrogu 31 oz. se po njem pretaka, in sicer z namenom odvajanja toplote iz območja omenjenih celic 2', 2 v vsakokrat ogrevano območje, ki se nahaja izven omenjenega okvira 1 kolektorja.Further, on the side of the sun's rays facing side of said composition 2 'of photovoltaic cells 2', 2 there is provided a heat exchanger 3 comprising at least one closed circuit 31 filled with a suitable liquid medium, said heat exchanger 3 allowing heat transfer from the areas of composition 2 of photovoltaic cells 2 ', 2 per medium contained in each circuit 31 or. is flowing therethrough, for the purpose of extracting heat from the area of said cells 2 ', 2 into the respective heated area, which is outside said frame 1 of the collector.

V prikazanem primeru se medij v območje prenosnika 3 toplote v notranjosti okvira 1 in v bližini celic 2', 2 dovaja in od ondod odvaja preko ustreznega hidravličnega priključka 32, s katerim je povezan omenjeni tokokrog 31. Kot je razvidno na Sl. 1, je v tem primeru omenjen prenosnik 3 toplote s pomočjo lepilnega sloja 33 pritrjen na omenjeno izolacijsko folijo 24 na hrbtni strani celic 2', 2, tako da omenjena folija 24 preprečuje ne le električni stik med prenosnikom 3 toplote in celicami 2', 2, marveč tudi prehod eventualne kondenzacijske vlage s prenosnika 3 toplote na celice 2', 2.In the example shown, the medium is fed into and into the area of heat exchanger 3 inside the frame 1 and adjacent to cells 2 ', 2 and from there via the corresponding hydraulic port 32, to which said circuit 31 is connected. 1, in this case said heat exchanger 3 is attached by means of an adhesive layer 33 to said insulating film 24 on the back of cells 2 ', 2, so that said foil 24 prevents not only electrical contact between the heat exchanger 3 and cells 2', 2 , but also the transition of any condensation moisture from the heat exchanger 3 to the cells 2 ', 2.

Obenem je v notranjosti okvira 1 neposredno ob omenjenem prenosniku 3 toplote predvidena vsaj ena termoizolacijska plast 14, zahvaljujoč kateri je prenosnik 3 toplote termično izoliran proti okolici kolektorja oz. njegovega okvira 1, s čimer so preprečene toplotne izgube, in sicer z jasnim namenom, da se toploto, ki se jo odvaja iz območja celic 2', 2 s pomočjo v tokokrogu 31 prenosnika 3 toplote razpoložljivega medija, v kar največji možni meri in na kontroliran način odvede • · na vsakokrat ustrezno mesto izven okvira 1 kolektorja, kjer sejo koristno uporabi, še zlasti npr. za ogrevanje prostorov ali sanitarne vode ali v druge koristne namene. Tako je s pomočjo kolektorja po izumu dosežen dvojni učinek, pri čemer se zahvaljujoč prenosniku 3 toplote oz. v njem razpoložljivemu mediju v prvi vrsti iz območja fotovoltaičnih celic 2', 2 odvaja toploto in s tem prepreči izpostavljanje celic 2', 2 povišani temperaturi ter s tem ohrani ugoden izkoristek pri pretvorbi solarne energije v električno, po drugi strani pa se odvečno toploto iz območja omenjenih celic 2', 2 odvaja v območje izven kolektorja oz. njegovega okvira 1, in sicer z namenom, da se to toploto potem koristno porabi.At the same time, at least one thermal insulation layer 14 is provided inside the frame 1 directly adjacent to the said heat exchanger 3, due to which the heat exchanger 3 is thermally insulated against the surroundings of the collector or. frame 1 thereof, thereby preventing heat loss, with the clear intention that the heat dissipated from the cell region 2 ', 2 by means of the heat exchanger 3 of the available medium in circuit 31, and as far as possible controlled mode takes the • · appropriate location out of the collector box 1 in each case where the session is useful, especially e.g. for heating rooms or hot water or for other useful purposes. Thus, a double effect is achieved with the help of the collector according to the invention, thanks to the heat exchanger 3, respectively. the medium available in it, primarily from the region of photovoltaic cells 2 ', 2, dissipates heat, thereby preventing the cells from being exposed 2', 2 at elevated temperature, thereby maintaining a favorable efficiency in the conversion of solar energy to electrical energy, and on the other hand, removing excess heat from the areas of said cells 2 ', 2 discharge into the area outside the collector or of its Box 1, with the aim of consuming that heat afterwards.

S ciljem, da bi bilo možno učinkovitost tovrstnega kolektorja oziroma njegov skupni energetski izkoristek še povečati, so po izumu odpravljene izgube, ki so posledica neizogibne prisotnosti fotovoltaično neaktivnih območij 20 med celicami 2', 2. V ta namen so v omenjenih fotovoltaičnih območjih 20 predvideni preusmerjevalniki 4, s pomočjo katerih se svetlobne žarke, ki bi sicer v stik s kolektorjem dospeli v omenjenih fotovoltaično neaktivnih območjih 20, preusmeri proti vsakokrat najbližjim fotovoltaično aktivnim območjem 21.In order to further increase the efficiency of this type of collector or its total energy efficiency, the invention eliminates the losses resulting from the inevitable presence of photovoltaic inactive regions 20 between cells 2 ', 2. To this end, in the said photovoltaic regions 20 are provided diverters 4, by means of which the light rays which would otherwise reach the collector in said photovoltaic inactive regions 20 are directed to the respective photovoltaic active regions in each case 21.

V prikazanem primeru po Sl. 1 - 3 so fotovoltaične celice 2', 2 na voljo v obliki osmerokotnikov, ki predstavljajo fotovoltaično aktivna območja 21, v katerih se svetlobna energija žarkov, ki v dospejo v ta aktivna območja 21, pretvori neposredno v električno energijo. Med omenjenimi osmerokotnimi aktivnimi območji 21 pa so v obravnavanem primeru na voljo štirikotna, običajno kvadratna fotovoltaično neaktivna območja 20. Če v vsako od omenjenih neaktivnih območij 20 namestimo po en preusmerjevalnik 4 v obliki prisekane pokončne piramide, katere osnovna ploskev je po obliki in velikosti vsaj približno enaka obliki in velikosti vsakokrat pripadajočega fotovoltaično neaktivnega območja 20, se svetlobni žarki s pomočjo tovrstnega preusmerjevalnika 4 preusmerijo proti vsakokrat sosednjim fotovoltaično aktivnim površinam 21 celic 2', 2. V omenjenih fotovoltaično aktivnih območjih 21 se torej v tem primeru v električno energijo pretvori tudi svetlobna energija, ki bi bila zaradi prisotnosti fotovoltaičnih območij sicer izgubljena, oziroma bi bila kvečjemu na voljo kot toplotna energija.In the example shown in FIG. 1 to 3, the photovoltaic cells 2 ', 2 are available in the form of octagons representing the photovoltaic active regions 21, in which the light energy of the rays entering these active regions 21 is converted directly into electricity. Among these octagonal active zones 21, however, in the present case, there are four-square, usually square, photovoltaic inactive regions 20. If one rectifier 4 in the form of a truncated upright pyramid is installed in each of the inactive zones 20, whose base surface is at least in shape and size roughly equal to the shape and size of the respective photovoltaic inactive region 20, the light rays are then redirected to the adjacent photovoltaic active surfaces 21 of the cells 2 'by means of this type of transducer 4. light energy that would otherwise be lost due to the presence of photovoltaic areas, or at most be available as thermal energy.

V prikazanem primeru je preusmerjevalnik 4 s pomočjo lepilnega sloja 44 pritrjen na šipo 12 in po drugi strani s pomočjo lepilnega sloja 45 na prozorno folijo 22, s katero so prekrite fotovoltaične celice 2’, 2”. Temu ustrezno je vsakokraten preusmerjevalnik 4, ki torej sočasno služi kot distančnik, vpet med omenjeno šipo 12, ki je vpeta v okviru 1, in med sklop 2 fotovoltaičnih celic 2', 2, ki je preko izolacijske folije 24 in lepilnih sklopov 25, 33 čvrsto povezan z omenjenim prenosnikom 3 toplote. Glede na dejstvo, da je med šipo 12 in sklopom omenjenega sestava 2 fotovoltaičnih celic 2', 2 in prenosnika 3 toplote na voljo množica preusmerjevalnikov 4, je zahvaljujoč tovrstnemu pristopu celoten sestav šipe 12, celic 2', 2 in prenosnika 3 toplote lahko bistveno bolj tog kot pri doslej znanih kolektorjih, temu ustrezno pa je možno povečati celotne izmere kolektorja celo v primeru razmeroma vitkega okvira 1.In the example shown, the transducer 4 is attached to the rod 12 by means of an adhesive layer 44 and, on the other hand, by means of an adhesive layer 45 to a transparent film 22 which covers the photovoltaic cells 2 ', 2'. Accordingly, the respective diverter 4, which simultaneously serves as a spacer, is clamped between said rod 12, which is clamped in frame 1, and between the assembly 2 of the photovoltaic cells 2 ', 2, which is insulated 24 and the adhesive assemblies 25, 33 tightly coupled to said 3 heat exchanger. Given the fact that a plurality of converters 4 are available between pile 12 and assembly of said 2 photovoltaic cell assembly 2 ', 2 and heat exchanger 3, the whole assembly of pile 12, cells 2', 2 and heat exchanger 3 can be significantly appreciated by this approach. more rigid than the collectors known so far, and the overall dimensions of the collector can be increased accordingly, even in the case of a relatively slender frame 1.

Se nadalje so v prikazanem primeru Sl. 2 in 3 ponazorjeni preusmerjevalniki 4, pri katerih so vsakokrat razpoložljive zunanje površine 41, 42, 43 na voljo kot zrcala.Further, in the illustrated example, FIG. 2 and 3 illustrate the diverters 4, in which the outer surfaces 41, 42, 43 are always available as mirrors.

V skladu z enim od možnih aspektov izuma so lahko na preusmerjevalniku 4 predvidene zrcalne površine 41, 42, 43 ki so bodisi ravne ali konveksne ali konkavne površine. V tem primeru je torej preusmerjevalnik 4 prirejen za preusmerjanje svetlobnih žarkov proti optično aktivnim fotovoltaičnim površinam na principu odboja svetlobe, pri čemer je tovrsten preusmerjevalnik 4 načeloma lahko za svetlobo neprepusten in opremljen z zrcalnimi zunanjimi površinami 41, 42, 43. V splošnem pa je možna tudi izvedba, pri kateri je vsakokraten preusmerjevalnik 4 prirejen za preusmerjanje svetlobnih žarkov na osnovi loma svetlobe. V takem primeru je preusmerjevalnik 4 izveden iz za svetlobo vsaj deloma prepustne snovi in tako zasnovan, da se na površine 41, 42, 43 dospeli svetlobni žarki v notranjosti preusmerjevalnika 4 preusmerijo proti vsakokrat sosednjim fotovoltaično aktivnim območjem 21.According to one possible aspect of the invention, mirror surfaces 41, 42, 43 that are either flat or convex or concave surfaces may be provided on the diverter 4. In this case, the transducer 4 is therefore adapted to direct light beams towards optically active photovoltaic surfaces on the principle of light reflection, in which case such a diverter 4 can be light-tight in principle and is equipped with mirrored outer surfaces 41, 42, 43. In general, it is possible also an embodiment in which the respective diverter 4 is adapted to divert light beams based on the refraction of light. In such a case, the transducer 4 is made of at least partially transmissible matter for light and is designed to direct the light rays in the interior of the transducer 4 towards the adjacent photovoltaic active regions 21 to the surfaces 41, 42, 43.

Claims (9)

PATENTNI ZAHTEVKIPATENT APPLICATIONS 1. Kolektor za zbiranje in pretvarjanje solarne energije, obsegajoč sestav (2) fotovoltaičnih celic (2', 2), namenjenih za pretvarjanje solarne energije neposredno v električno energijo, pri čemer vsakokratna solarna celica (2', 2) na svoji obsevani, proti soncu obrnjeni strani obsega vsaj eno fotovoltaično aktivno površino (21), med vsaj dvema vsakokrat sosednjima fotovoltaičnima celicama (2', 2) pa je na voljo vsakokrat vsaj po ena fotovoltaično neaktivna površina (20), v območju katere neposredna pretvorba solarne energije v električno energijo ni možna, in pri čemer so omenjene fotovoltaične celice (2', 2) vgrajene v kot okvir (1) zasnovanem ohišju, ki na pročelni t.j. obsevani strani fotovoltaičnih celic (2’, 2) obsega vsaj eno za svetlobo prepustno steno, še zlasti šipo (12), na nasprotni t.j. hrbtni strani (13) pa vsaj en prenosnik (3) toplote, ki je razporejen v neposredni bližini omenjenih fotovoltaičnih celic (2', 2) in je z omenjenim sestavom (2) fotovoltaičnih celic (2', 2) togo povezan ter obenem prirejen za prenos toplotne energije iz območja fotovoltaičnih celic (2', 2) na medij za prenos toplote, ki se pretaka v notranjosti omenjenega prenosnika (3) toplote, označen s tem, daje šipa (12) razporejena na odmiku od sestava (2) fotovoltaičnih celic (2', 2) in daje na proti sončnim žarkom obrnjeni strani (11) okvira (1) kolektorja v območju med sestavom (2) fotovoltaičnih celic (2’, 2) in šipo (12), in sicer v vsakem od omenjenih fotovoltaično neaktivnih območij (20) med fotovoltaično aktivnimi območji (21) celic (2', 2), predviden po en preusmerjevalnik (4) za preusmerjanje svetlobnih žarkov iz vsakokrat fotovoltaično neaktivnega območja (20), v katerem se nahaja, v vsakokrat sosednja fotovoltaično aktivna območja (21), pri čemer sta velikost in oblika vsakokratnega preusmerjevalnika (4) tako izbrani, da ustrezata velikosti in obliki vsakokratnega fotovoltaično neaktivnega območja (20), v katerem se nahaja preusmerjevalnik (4), in pri čemer je na nasprotni, od smeri vpadanja sončnih žarkov nasprotni strani (13) okvira (1) kolektorja neposredno ob prenosniku (3) toplote predvidena vsaj ena termoizolacijska plast (14).A solar collector for collecting and converting, comprising an assembly (2) of photovoltaic cells (2 ', 2) designed to convert solar energy directly into electricity, each solar cell (2', 2) being irradiated against the sun-facing side comprises at least one photovoltaic active surface (21) and between at least two adjacent photovoltaic cells (2 ', 2), at least one photovoltaic inactive surface (20) is available at each time, in the area where direct conversion of solar energy to electrical energy energy is not possible, and said photovoltaic cells (2 ', 2) are incorporated in a frame (1) designed housing, which on the front i.e. the irradiated sides of the photovoltaic cells (2 ', 2) comprise at least one light-permeable wall, in particular the pile (12), on the opposite i.e. at the back (13), at least one heat exchanger (3) arranged in close proximity to said photovoltaic cells (2 ', 2) and rigidly coupled to said assembly (2) of said photovoltaic cells (2', 2) for transferring thermal energy from the region of photovoltaic cells (2 ', 2) to a medium for transferring heat which flows inside said heat exchanger (3), characterized in that the pile (12) is disposed at a distance from the photovoltaic assembly (2) cells (2 ', 2), and on the sun-facing side (11) of the collector frame (1) in the area between the assembly (2) of the photovoltaic cells (2', 2) and the pile (12), in each of the aforementioned photovoltaic inactive regions (20) between the photovoltaic active regions (21) of cells (2 ', 2), one diverter (4) is provided to divert light rays from each photovoltaic inactive region (20) in which it is located, in each adjacent photovoltaic region active regions (21), with size i n the shape of each transducer (4) so selected as to correspond to the size and shape of the respective photovoltaic inactive region (20) in which the transducer (4) is located, and in the opposite direction from the incidence of sunlight to the opposite side (13) of the frame (1) At least one thermal insulation layer (14) is provided directly next to the heat exchanger (3). 2. Kolektor po zahtevku 1, označen s tem, da vsakokraten preusmerjevalnik (4) svetlobnih žarkov sočasno predstavlja tudi distančnik, preko katerega sta med seboj togo povezana šipa (12) in sestav (2) fotovoltaičnih celic (2', 2).2. The collector according to claim 1, characterized in that the respective light beam converter (4) is at the same time a spacer through which the rod (12) and the assembly (2) of photovoltaic cells (2 ', 2) are rigidly connected. 3. Kolektor po zahtevku 1 ali 2, označen s tem, da je vsakokraten preusmerjevalnik (4) svetlobnih žarkov po eni strani preko lepilnega sloja (44) togo povezan s šipo (12) in po drugi strani preko lepilnega sloja (45) z za svetlobo prepustno folijo (22). s katero je prevlečena in preko lepilnega sloja (26) z njo togo povezana vsakokratna fotovoltaična celica (2', 2).3. The collector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the respective light beam converter (4) is, on the one hand, rigidly connected to the rod (12) via the adhesive layer (44) and, on the other hand, to the adhesive layer (45) by light permeable film (22). with which a photovoltaic cell (2 ', 2) is rigidly coated and bonded to it through the adhesive layer (26). 4. Kolektor po enem od zahtevkov 1 - 3, označen s tem, da preusmerjevalnik (4) obsega zrcalne površine (41,42, 43), ki so prirejene za preusmerjanje proti njim usmerjenih svetlobnih žarkov proti vsakokrat sosednjim fotovoltaično aktivnim površinam (21) celic (2', 2).Collector according to one of Claims 1 - 3, characterized in that the transducer (4) comprises mirror surfaces (41,42, 43) adapted for directing light rays directed towards them at each other adjacent photovoltaic active surfaces (21) cells (2 ', 2). 5. Kolektor po zahtevku 4, označen s tem, daje vsaj ena zrcalna površina (41, 42, 43) ravna.5. A collector according to claim 4, characterized in that at least one mirror surface (41, 42, 43) is flat. 6. Kolektor po zahtevku 4, označen s tem, da je vsaj ena zrcalna površina (41, 42, 43) konkavna.The collector according to claim 4, characterized in that at least one mirror surface (41, 42, 43) is concave. 7. Kolektor po zahtevku 4, označen s tem, daje vsaj ena zrcalna površina (41, 42, 43) konveksna.7. A collector according to claim 4, characterized in that at least one mirror surface (41, 42, 43) is convex. 8. Kolektor po enem od zahtevkov 1-3, označen s tem, da preusmerjevalnik (4) sestoji iz za svetlobo prepustnega materiala in da se preusmerjanje proti njemu usmerjenih svetlobnih žarkov proti vsakokrat sosednjim fotovoltaično aktivnim površinam (21) celic (2', 2) vrši v notranjosti preusmerjevalnika (4).Collector according to one of Claims 1-3, characterized in that the transducer (4) consists of a light-transmitting material and that the radiation directed towards it is directed towards the adjacent photovoltaic surfaces (21) of the cells (2 ', 2) ) performs inside the router (4). 9. Kolektor po enem od predhodnih zahtevkov, označen s tem, da prenosnik (3) toplote skupaj z v njem pretakajočim se medijem za odvajanje toplote iz območja fotovoltaičnih celic (2', 2) v območje izven okvira (1) kolektorja, namreč v ogrevalni sistem za ogrevanje prostora ali za segrevanje sanitarne vode, predstavlja vsaj en sklenjen tokokrog.A collector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat exchanger (3) together with the flowing media for heat dissipation from the area of the photovoltaic cells (2 ', 2) to the area outside the collector box (1), namely in the heating the space heating or hot water heating system represents at least one closed circuit.
SI200900148A 2009-05-25 2009-05-25 Collector for collecting and converting solar energy SI23059A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200900148A SI23059A (en) 2009-05-25 2009-05-25 Collector for collecting and converting solar energy
PCT/SI2010/000028 WO2010138086A2 (en) 2009-05-25 2010-05-21 Solar energy collecting and transforming apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200900148A SI23059A (en) 2009-05-25 2009-05-25 Collector for collecting and converting solar energy

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
SI23059A true SI23059A (en) 2010-11-30

Family

ID=43016931

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
SI200900148A SI23059A (en) 2009-05-25 2009-05-25 Collector for collecting and converting solar energy

Country Status (2)

Country Link
SI (1) SI23059A (en)
WO (1) WO2010138086A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITAN20120001A1 (en) * 2012-01-05 2013-07-06 Energy Resources Holding S R L HYBRID ENERGETIC PANEL, WITH INSULATING, ACOUSTIC AND WATERPROOF FUNCTION, ABLE TO GUARANTEE THE CONVERSION OF SOLAR ENERGY IN ELECTRIC AND THERMAL ENERGY, INTEGRABLE ON BUILDINGS
CN103378199B (en) * 2012-04-26 2018-11-16 常州亚玛顿股份有限公司 Solar energy hot systems
WO2014114845A1 (en) 2013-01-22 2014-07-31 Rgr Partners Finland Oy Energy panel, and method and system for hybrid energy production using the panel structure
CN103518566A (en) * 2013-10-12 2014-01-22 鲁宏 Photovoltaic solar louver

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8669460B2 (en) * 2007-04-10 2014-03-11 Raytheon Company System and methods for optimal light collection array
US20080302357A1 (en) * 2007-06-05 2008-12-11 Denault Roger Solar photovoltaic collector hybrid

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2010138086A3 (en) 2011-12-29
WO2010138086A2 (en) 2010-12-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US20170155360A1 (en) Solar module
US9157657B2 (en) Method of cooling a solar concentrator
US20110114155A1 (en) Solar energy use
CN102422440A (en) Hybrid solar receiver, and concentrating solar system comprising the same
US11431289B2 (en) Combination photovoltaic and thermal energy system
US9605877B2 (en) Compact parabolic solar concentrators and cooling and heat extraction system
CN103430325A (en) Photovoltaic concentrator receiver and use thereof
SI23059A (en) Collector for collecting and converting solar energy
US20150027509A1 (en) Supporting structure for photovoltaic panel
KR101891236B1 (en) Photovoltaic thermal system and method
JPH09186353A (en) Solar cell module
EP2200095A2 (en) Photovoltaic-thermal hybrid apparatus
WO2012076847A1 (en) Solar energy apparatus with a combined photovoltaic and thermal power generation system
KR101211947B1 (en) Electro-generation system with function for heating of water using solar cell and thermo-electric device
JP2004317117A (en) Solar heat collector with solar power generation function
KR101009688B1 (en) Hybrid module for solar energy
DK2567410T3 (en) Hybrid collector
GB2446219A (en) Hybrid photovoltaic and solar heat collector panel
CN201838613U (en) Integral radiating photovoltaic battery assembly
KR100992011B1 (en) Hybrid module for solar energy
ES2303456A1 (en) Photovoltaic/thermal hybrid solar panel with increase of efficiency in the photovoltaic system. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
JP2006156581A (en) Photoelectric conversion module
TWM520132U (en) Electric power generation and heat storage device
CN116599457A (en) Solar energy utilization device
CN117837077A (en) Solar energy utilization unit and combined structure thereof

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
OO00 Grant of patent

Effective date: 20101210

KO00 Lapse of patent

Effective date: 20130104