SI23043A - Surge protection with rotation disk - Google Patents
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- SI23043A SI23043A SI200900122A SI200900122A SI23043A SI 23043 A SI23043 A SI 23043A SI 200900122 A SI200900122 A SI 200900122A SI 200900122 A SI200900122 A SI 200900122A SI 23043 A SI23043 A SI 23043A
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Abstract
Description
PRENAPETOSTNA ZAŠČITA Z ROTACIJSKI DISKOMROTATION DISC VOLTAGE PROTECTION
Področje izumaFIELD OF THE INVENTION
Izum se nanaša na prenapetostno zaščitno napravo za ščitenje električnih in elektronskih naprav pred učinki električnega obloka in električno termičnimi preobremenitvami varistorjev, ki nastanejo v prenapetostnih zaščitnih napravah z varistorji, kot posledica udarov strele pa tudi zaradi krakih stikov in prehodnih pojavov v nizko napetostih omrežjih.The invention relates to an overvoltage protection device for protecting electrical and electronic devices against the effects of the electrical arc and electrically thermal overloads of varistors, which occur in overvoltage protective devices with varistors, as a result of lightning strikes and also due to short circuits and transient phenomena in low voltage networks.
Ozadje izumaBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Prenapetostne zaščitne naprave z vgrajenimi varistorji v večini primerov učinkovito ščitijo električno in elektronsko opremo pred prenapetostmi, ki nastajajo v omrežju ali so posledica atmosferskih razelektritev. Pri izjemnih prenapetostnih obremenitvah omrežja lahko pride na varistorju do prebojev, ki povzročijo izgubo lastnosti nelinearnega upora varistorja. Varistorji se zaradi plazovito naraščajočega toka skoznje in obločnega pojava pregrejejo in v posledica je uničenje varistorja in v najslabšem primeru, gorenje.In most cases, surge protective devices with built-in varistors effectively protect electrical and electronic equipment from overvoltages that occur on the network or are caused by atmospheric discharges. Under extreme network voltages, breaks can occur on the varistor, resulting in the loss of non-linear resistor properties of the varistor. Varistors are overheated due to an avalanche of increasing current and arc, and the result is destruction of the varistor and, at worst, burning.
Plamen lahko zajame celotno prenapetostno zaščitno napravo kar povzroči znatno gospodarsko škodo na opremi, ki jo prenapetostna zaščitna naprava ščiti.The flame can capture the entire surge protector, causing significant economic damage to the equipment protected by the surge protector.
Stanje tehnike in tehnični problemState of the art and technical problem
Na trguje kar nekaj rešitev, ki rešujejo problem električnega obloka in električno termičnih pri varistorjih. Ena od rešitev, po stanju tehnike, je opisana v patentu US 6430019, kjer je preprečevanje nevarnosti električnega obloka, pri kritičnem segrevanju varistorja, izvedeno z zaporo, ki s translacijskim pomikom v prostor, med odklopljeno elektrodo in telo varistorja, loči pregreto telo varistorja od priključne elektrode in prepreči nastanek električnega obloka.There are quite a few solutions on the market that solve the problem of electric arc and electrically thermal varistors. One solution of the prior art is described in US Pat. connecting electrodes and preventing the formation of an electric arc.
Omenjene in druge rešitve po stanju tehnika problemov povezanih z nastankom električnega obloka pri prenapetostnih zaščitah, izvedenih z varistorji, ne rešujejo na optimalen način, saj so le teoretične in v praksi ne delujejo učinkovito ali pa so ekonomsko neupravičene.These and other state-of-the-art solutions do not optimally solve the problems associated with the formation of the electric arc in the overvoltage protections performed with varistors, as they are theoretical and do not work effectively or are economically unjustified.
• ·• ·
Predvsem ostaja nerešen problem preprečevanja uhajavih tokov, preko katerih se vzpostavi električno termična preobremenitev varistorjev, pri nezadostnem odklopu pa tudi električni oblok, ki lahko naraste do uničujoče velikosti.Above all, the problem of preventing leakage currents through which the electrical thermal overload of varistors is established remains unsolved, and in the event of insufficient disconnection, the electric arc can grow to a devastating size.
Izum opisan v nadaljevanju uspešno odpravlja slabosti rešitev po stanju tehnike, predvsem s tem, da preprečuje nastanek električnega obloka pri prenapetostnih zaščitah, ki vključujejo kot prenapetostni zaščitni element varistorje, z uporabo rotacijskega diska in nosilca rotacijskega diska.The invention described below successfully eliminates the disadvantages of the prior art solutions, in particular by preventing the formation of an electric arc by overvoltage protectors, which include varistors as an overvoltage protection element, using a rotary disk and a rotary disk carrier.
Problem, ki ga predmetni izum rešuje, je pojav električnega obloka in električno termičnih preobremenitev v napravah, ki vključujejo kot prenapetostno zaščitne elemente, varistorje. Pri vzpostavljanju normalnega stanja je pomembna tudi daljinska signalizacija okvar.The problem that the present invention solves is the appearance of an electric arc and electrically thermal overloads in devices incorporating varistors as surge protection elements. Remote signaling of faults is also important when restoring normal operation.
Opis izumaDescription of the invention
Predmetni izum zmanjšuje možnost nastanka električnega obloka z izvedbo gibljivega rotacijskega diska. Rešitev po izumu vključuje tudi pravočasno sporočanje, da je prišlo do izjemnega stanja in tudi poročanje o lokacija okvare.The present invention reduces the possibility of the formation of an electric arc by executing a movable rotary disk. The solution according to the invention also includes timely reporting that a state of emergency has occurred and also reporting the location of the failure.
Prenapetostna zaščita z zaščito pred električnim oblokom po izumu vključuje telo varistorja, priključni elektrodi varistorja, nosilec rotacijskega diska, ki je nameščen tako, da v celoti prekriva telo varistorja, rotacijski disk, spiralno vzmet in ohišje prenapetostne zaščite. Pri pregrevanju telesa varistorja, pride do odklopa priključne elektrode, zaradi taljenja spajke, ki povezuje priključno elektrodo varistorja in telo varistorja skozi odprtino v nosilcu rotacijskega diska. Premik priključne elektrode skozi odprtino v nosilcu rotacijskega diska zaradi taljenja spajke, sproži gibanje rotacijskega diska, z osjo vrtenja na nosilcu rotacijskega diska. Pod vplivom vzmetne sile spiralne vzmeti se omenjeni rotacijski disk, z visoko kotno hitrostjo, premakne iz ene skrajne pozicije v drugo skrajno pozicijo in prekrije odprtino v nosilcu rotacijskega diska in s tem prepreči nastajanje električnega obloka. Tehnična izvedba, prikazana na Sliki 2, po izumu, je predvsem primerna za uporabo v zaščiti energetskih sistemov, kjer odpoved varistorja in gorenje lahko povzroči veliko materialno škodo. Nadaljnje prednosti in uporabnost izuma bodo postale še bolj jasne tudi povprečnemu strokovnjaku iz priloženih slik in opisov.The surge protector with protection against electric arc according to the invention includes a varistor body, varistor connecting electrodes, a rotary disc support, which is positioned to completely cover the varistor body, a rotary disk, a coil spring and a surge protection housing. When the varistor body overheats, the connection electrode is disconnected due to the melting of the solder, which connects the varistor connection electrode and the varistor body through an opening in the rotary disc support. The movement of the connecting electrode through the opening in the rotary disc carrier due to the melting of the solder triggers the rotation disc movement, with the axis of rotation on the rotary disc carrier. Under the influence of the spring force of the coil spring, said high-speed rotational disk moves from one extreme position to the other extreme position and covers the opening in the rotary disc carrier to prevent the formation of an electric arc. The technical embodiment shown in Figure 2 according to the invention is particularly suitable for use in the protection of energy systems, where varistor failure and burning can cause considerable material damage. The further advantages and applicability of the invention will become even more apparent to the average person skilled in the art and accompanying drawings.
Kratek opis slikShort description of the pictures
V nadaljevanju bo predmetni izum opisan s pomočjo priloženih slik, ki prikazujejo:Hereinafter, the present invention will be described by means of the accompanying drawings showing:
• ·• ·
Slika 1 Prenapetostno zaščito z rotacijskim diskom v razstavljeni oblikiFigure 1 Rotary disc overvoltage protection in disassembled form
Slika 2 Pogled na tehnično izvedbo prenapetostne zaščite po izumuFigure 2 A view of the technical embodiment of the surge protector according to the invention
Podroben opis izumaDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Na sliki 1 je prikazana prenapetostna zaščita z rotacijskim diskom 24, ki vključuje telo varistorja 14, nosilec rotacijskega diska 2 z odprtino v nosilcu rotacijskega diska 8, rotacijski disk 3, spiralno vzmet 4, ozemljitveno elektrodo 7, odklopno elektrodo varistorja 6, zaskočno ploščo 13, element za električno signalizacijo 9, element za vizualno signalizacijo 10, ohišje prenapetostne zaščite 1, pokrov ohišja prenapetostne zaščite 19 (slika 2). Omenjeni rotacijski disk 3 je izdelan iz umetne mase, keramike ali kompozitnih materialov.Figure 1 shows an overvoltage protection with a rotary disc 24 comprising a varistor body 14, a rotary disc carrier 2 with an opening in the rotary disc carrier 8, a rotary disc 3, a spiral spring 4, a ground electrode 7, a varistor disconnect electrode 6, a snap plate 13 , electrical signaling element 9, visual signaling element 10, overvoltage protection housing 1, overvoltage protection housing cover 19 (Figure 2). Said rotary disc 3 is made of plastic, ceramic or composite materials.
Prenapetostna zaščita po predmetnem izumu je prednostno izvedena tako, da je telo varistorja 14 nameščeno v ohišju prenapetostne zaščite 1, in sicer v prostor, ki ga zapirajo stene ohišja prenapetostne zaščite 1, dno ohišja prenapetostne zaščite in nosilec rotacijske diska 2.The surge protector according to the present invention is preferably implemented in such a way that the body of the varistor 14 is housed in the housing of the surge protector 1, namely, in a space enclosed by the walls of the housing of the surge protector 1, the bottom of the housing of the surge protector and the carrier of the rotary disk 2.
V ohišje prenapetostne zaščite 1 je nameščeno telo varistorja 14, ki ima ploščato obliko, prednostno kvadratne ali ovalne oblike.The body of the surge protector 1 houses a body of the varistor 14, which has a flat shape, preferably square or oval.
Prostor, v katerega je nameščeno telo varistorja 14, je na zgornji strani omejen z nosilcem rotacijskega diska 2, ki vključuje omenjeno odprtino 8, v splošnem take velikosti in oblike, da je skoznjo mogoče namestiti odklopno elektrodo varistorja 6 in jo pozicionirati na tako kotno razdaljo od izhodiščne pozicije rotacijskega diska 3, dajo rotacijski disk 3, po rotaciji okrog osi 16, v skrajni poziciji prekrije. Skozi odprtino 8 je nameščena odklopna elektroda varistorja 6, ki je, s temperaturno občutljivo spajko, pritrjena na zgornjo stran telesa varistorja 14 in ki v tem položaju rotacijski disk 3 drži v izhodiščnem položaju, spiralno vzmet 4 pa v napetem stanju.The space in which the body of the varistor 14 is housed is limited on the upper side by a carrier of a rotary disc 2 including said aperture 8, generally of a size and shape such that the disconnecting electrode of the varistor 6 can be mounted through it and positioned at such an angular distance from the starting position of the rotary disc 3, the rotary disc 3, after rotation about the axis 16, is in the extreme position covered. Through the opening 8, a disconnecting electrode of the varistor 6 is mounted, which, with a temperature-sensitive solder, is attached to the upper side of the body of the varistor 14, holding the rotary disc 3 in its initial position and the helical spring 4 in a tense state.
Na os 16 na nosilcu rotacijskega diska 2, je nasajen rotacijski disk 3, ki je vrtljiv okrog osiOn the axis 16 on the rotary disc bracket 2, a rotary disc 3 is rotated rotatable about the axis
16. V primeru, da pride do rotacije, rotacijski disk 3 s spodnjo ploskvijo drsi po nosilcu rotacijskega diska 2. Na rotacijski disk 3, je pritrjena spiralna vzmet 4, ki je nameščena v ležišče vzmeti 5 in vsajena z enim kocem v režo, ki je oblikovana na osi rotacijskega diska 16, z drugim koncem pa je nasajena na nastavek za fiksiranje vzmeti 18 na rotacijskem disku 3.16. In the event of a rotation, the rotary disk 3 slides down the carrier of the rotary disk 2. With a lower surface, a helical spring 4 is attached to the rotary disk 3, which is mounted in the spring seat 5 and inserted by one cube into a slot which it is formed on the axis of the rotary disk 16, and with the other end is mounted on a spring attachment nozzle 18 on the rotary disk 3.
Signalizacija prenapetostne zaščite 24 (Slike 1) vključuje element za električno signalizacijo 9, z nastavkom 11, element za vizualno signalizacijo 10, z nastavkom 12, signalizacij sko vzmet (ni prikazana), ki je nameščena z enim koncem v notranjosti elementa za električno signalizacijo 9 in z drugim koncem v notranjosti elementa za vizualno signalizacijo 10 in zaskočno ploščo 13. Element za električno signalizacijo 9 in element za vizualno signalizacijo 10 sta nameščena v ohišju prenapetostne zaščite 1 tako, da se njuna nastavka 11 in 12 stikata in da ju objema zunanji utor 13a zaskočne plošče 13, ki ju drži v izhodiščnem položaju, medtem, ko je vzmet v votli notranjosti elementa za električno signalizacijo 9 in elementa za vizualno signalizacijo 10 je v napetem stanju.The overvoltage protection signaling 24 (FIGS. 1) includes an electrical signaling element 9, with an attachment 11, a visual signaling element 10, with an attachment 12, a signaling spring (not shown) mounted with one end inside the electrical signaling element 9 and with the other end inside the visual signaling element 10 and the locking plate 13. The electrical signaling element 9 and the visual signaling element 10 are mounted in the overvoltage protection housing 1 such that their nozzles 11 and 12 are connected and are gripped by an external groove 13a of the snap plate 13, which holds them in the starting position, while the spring is in the hollow interior of the electrical signaling element 9 and the visual signaling element 10 is in tension state.
Zaskočna plošča 13 je nataknjena na os za vrtenje zaskočne plošče 15 in vstavljena v vodilo za vodenje zaskočne plošče 17.The locking plate 13 is mounted on the axis for rotation of the locking plate 15 and inserted into the guide for guiding the locking plate 17.
Če pride do kritičnega segrevanja telesa varistorja 14, zaradi napetostno tokovnih udarov in povečanja toka skozi telo varistorja 14, se temperaturno občutljiva spajka, ki veže odklopno elektrodo varistorja 6 na telo varistorja 14 stali, sprosti se odklopna elektroda 6 in premakne skozi odprtino v nosilcu rotacijskega diska 8, v nenapet položaj in posledično sprosti rotacijski disk 3, ki je bil do tega trenutka v izhodiščnem položaju. Na rotacijski disk 3 deluje sila vzmeti 4 in rotacijski disk 3 zavrti okrog osi 16 v končni položaj v katerem ta prekrije odprtino v nosilcu rotacijskega diska 8.If critical heating of the varistor body 14 occurs due to voltage shocks and an increase in current through the varistor body 14, the temperature-sensitive solder that binds the varistor electrode 6 to the body of the varistor 14 will melt, release the electrode 6 and move through the opening in the rotary carrier disc 8, into the unpaired position, and consequently releases the rotary disc 3, which has been in its starting position up to this point. A force of the spring 4 is applied to the rotary disk 3 and the rotary disk 3 rotates about the axis 16 to the end position in which it covers the opening in the carrier of the rotary disk 8.
Navedeno delovanje rotacijskega diska 3, sproži električno in vizualno signalizacijo.This operation of the rotary disc 3 triggers electrical and visual signaling.
Z vrtenjem rotacijskega diska 3, se zaskočna plošča 13 zavrti okrog osi 15 in premika po vodilu zaskočne plošče 17. Zunanji utor zaskočne plošče 13 ne zadržuje več nastavka 11 in nastavka 12 v položaju v katerem se nastavka stikata. Nastavek 11 in nastavek 12 se pod vplivom signalizacij ske vzmeti, ki je nameščena v votli notranjosti elementa za električno signalizacijo 9 in elementa za vizualno signalizacijo 10, razmakneta in signalizirata izredno stanje prenapetostne zaščite 24.By rotating the rotary disc 3, the locking plate 13 rotates about the axis 15 and moves along the guide of the locking plate 17. The outer groove of the locking plate 13 no longer holds the lug 11 and the lug 12 in the position in which the lugs contact. The nozzle 11 and the nozzle 12 are spaced apart and signaled by an emergency state of the overvoltage protection 24, under the influence of the signaling spring located in the hollow interior of the electrical signaling element 9 and the visual signaling element 10.
Predmetni izum je opisan tako, da vsebuje mnoge specifičnosti, ki pa njegove širine ne omejujejo izuma ampak služijo zgolj kot ponazoritev izvedb naprave. Zahtevani obseg varstva pa je definiran s priloženimi patentnimi zahtevki.The present invention is described to contain many specificities, which, however, do not limit its width to the invention, but serve merely to illustrate embodiments of the device. The scope of protection required is however defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012154134A1 (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2012-11-15 | Iskra Zascite D.O.O. | Redundant excess voltage circuit breaker with a rotational disk and with an added electronic assembly intended to extend a life span of an excess -voltage component |
WO2014027969A3 (en) * | 2012-08-11 | 2014-03-27 | Iskra Zascite D.O.O. | The mechanism for the signaling of disconnection in surge protection device |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012154134A1 (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2012-11-15 | Iskra Zascite D.O.O. | Redundant excess voltage circuit breaker with a rotational disk and with an added electronic assembly intended to extend a life span of an excess -voltage component |
US20140327990A1 (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2014-11-06 | Igor Juricev | Redundant Excess Voltage Circuit Breaker With A Rotational Disk And With An Added Electronic Assembly Intended To Extend A Life Span Of An Excess-Voltage Component |
US9349548B2 (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2016-05-24 | Iskra Zascite D.O.O. | Redundant excess voltage circuit breaker with a rotational disk and with an added electronic assembly intended to extend a life span of an excess-voltage component |
WO2014027969A3 (en) * | 2012-08-11 | 2014-03-27 | Iskra Zascite D.O.O. | The mechanism for the signaling of disconnection in surge protection device |
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