SI23012A - System and procedure for assessing psychological statuses based on psychophysical reponses and transfer of such conditions across various networks - Google Patents

System and procedure for assessing psychological statuses based on psychophysical reponses and transfer of such conditions across various networks Download PDF

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SI23012A
SI23012A SI200900067A SI200900067A SI23012A SI 23012 A SI23012 A SI 23012A SI 200900067 A SI200900067 A SI 200900067A SI 200900067 A SI200900067 A SI 200900067A SI 23012 A SI23012 A SI 23012A
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Slovenia
Prior art keywords
psychological
psychophysiological
computer subsystem
psychological state
subsystem
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SI200900067A
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Slovenian (sl)
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Mihelj@MatjaĹľ
Munih@Marko
Novak@Domen
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Univerza@v@Ljubljani@FAKULTETA@ZA@ELEKTROTEHNIKO
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Priority to SI200900067A priority Critical patent/SI23012A/en
Priority to PCT/SI2009/000050 priority patent/WO2010104480A1/en
Publication of SI23012A publication Critical patent/SI23012A/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/6813—Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part
    • A61B5/6825—Hand
    • A61B5/6826—Finger
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/16—Devices for psychotechnics; Testing reaction times ; Devices for evaluating the psychological state
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/16—Devices for psychotechnics; Testing reaction times ; Devices for evaluating the psychological state
    • A61B5/165—Evaluating the state of mind, e.g. depression, anxiety
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/683—Means for maintaining contact with the body
    • A61B5/6831—Straps, bands or harnesses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/683—Means for maintaining contact with the body
    • A61B5/6838—Clamps or clips
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H50/00—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics
    • G16H50/20—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for computer-aided diagnosis, e.g. based on medical expert systems

Abstract

The invention belongs to the area of systems for computer-based assessing of psychological statuses of persons based on psychophysical responses and transfer of the acquired assessment across various networks. The system and procedure for assessing psychological statuses based on psychophysical responses and transfer of the acquired assessment across various networks includes a measurement subsystem (1) consisting of sensor rings for the photopletismogram, conductivity and temperature of the skin (21, 22, 23, 24), a wristband (3), connections (41, 42, 43, 44), belt with sensors for ECG and breathing (5), a microphone, camera, encoders (K1 - K16) as well as wireless transmitters (O1 - O6). The system also includes a wireless receiver (6), linked to the computer subsystem (7). The computer subsystem (7) continuously saves the signals from the wireless receiver (6) into the memory or on hard disk. The signals in the subsystem memory are filtered and the parameters, required for assessing the psychological status are calculated based on them. The system enables the selection between various algorithms for assessing the psychological status. Optionally, a modular set up by including or omitting various sensors is possible. The system also enables the transfer of the assessment of the psychological status to other locations via various networks.

Description

Sistem in postopek za ocenjevanje psiholoških stanj na podlagi psihofizioloških odzivov in prenos teh stanj po različnih omrežjihA system and procedure for assessing psychological states based on psychophysiological responses and transmitting these states across different networks

Področje tehnikeThe field of technology

Izum sodi v področje sistemov za računalniško ocenjevanje psihološkega stanja oseb na osnovi psihofizioloških odzivov ter prenos teh ocen po različnih omrežjih.The invention belongs to the field of systems for computer assessment of the psychological state of persons based on psychophysiological responses and the transfer of these assessments through various networks.

Tehnični problemA technical problem

Tehnični problem, ki ga rešuje ta izum, je zasnova integriranega sistema za merjenje psihofizioloških odzivov, računalniško obdelavo izmerjenih odzivov, pretvorbo obdelanih podatkov v oceno psihološkega stanja in prenos te ocene na drugo lokacijo preko različnih omrežij. Merjenje mora zajeti več različnih psihofizioloških odzivov z zadovoljivo natančnostjo in ne sme ovirati uporabnika pri vsakodnevnih opravilih. Za ocenjevanje psihološkega stanja je smiselno uporabiti kompleksne nelinearne metode, saj so tudi povezave med psihofiziološkimi odzivi ter psihološkim stanjem v veliki meri nelinearne. Sistem mora omogočati izbiro med različnimi tipi ocen psihološkega stanja, prav tako pa naj neko oceno psihološkega stanja poda tudi, če na voljo ni vseh predvidenih psihofizioloških odzivov. Sistem naj omogoča modularno sestavo, da so lahko vanj vključeni ali izključeni različni senzorji.A technical problem solved by the present invention is the design of an integrated system for measuring psychophysiological responses, the computer processing of measured responses, the conversion of the processed data to a psychological state assessment, and the transfer of that assessment to another location via different networks. The measurement should cover several different psychophysiological responses with satisfactory accuracy and should not interfere with the user's daily tasks. It is reasonable to use complex nonlinear methods to evaluate the psychological state, since the links between psychophysiological responses and psychological state are also largely nonlinear. The system must allow for the choice of different types of psychological state assessments, as well as give some assessment of the psychological state even if not all predicted psychophysiological responses are available. The system should allow modular assembly to enable or disable different sensors.

Znano stanje tehnikeThe prior art

Načini merjenja psihofizioloških odzivov so opisani v različnih znanstvenih člankih in patentnih spisih. Prenos izmerjenih psihofizioloških odzivov po internetu je znan iz patentne prijave W00201478. Slabost uporabe psihofizioloških odzivov samih pa je težka interpretacija. Za množično uporabo takega sistema je te odzive nujno najprej prevesti v razumljivo oceno psihološkega stanja. Za oceno psihološkega stanja obstajata dva glavna modela, diskretni model ter dimenzionalni model. Diskretni model naj bi bil v praksi manj primeren. Tak model namreč upošteva le možnost, da oseba čuti eno specifično stanje (npr. jeza, žalost, veselje, zdolgočasenost, presenečenje) in ne dovoljuje nastopa več različnih stanj naenkrat. Oseba je lahko npr. presenečena in vesela, kar pa v diskretnem modelu ni možno. Diskretni model je opisan v članku An argument for basic emotions, Cognition and Emotion, 6(3/4), 169200, avtor Ekman, P. (1992). Dimenzionalni model pa je opisan v članku Russell, J.Methods for measuring psychophysiological responses are described in various scientific articles and patent documents. The transmission of measured psychophysiological responses via the Internet is known from patent application W00201478. The downside of using the psychophysiological responses themselves is a difficult interpretation. For the mass use of such a system, it is necessary to first translate these responses into an understandable assessment of the psychological state. There are two main models for assessing psychological status, the discrete model and the dimensional model. The discrete model would be less appropriate in practice. Such a model only takes into account the possibility of a person feeling one specific condition (eg anger, sadness, joy, boredom, surprise) and does not allow the occurrence of several different states at one time. The person may be e.g. surprised and happy, which is not possible in a discrete model. The discrete model is described in An argument for basic emotions, Cognition and Emotion, 6 (3/4), 169200, by Ekman, P. (1992). The dimensional model, however, is described in an article by Russell, J.

A. (1980), A circumplex model of affect, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39, 1161-1178.A. (1980), A circumplex model of affect, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39, 1161-1178.

Patent US6021346 obravnava ocenjevanje psihološkega stanja s pomočjo elektroencefalografije (EEG) ali funkcionalne magnetne resonance (fMRI). Ti dve metodi sta zelo nepraktični zaradi drage opreme in oviranja uporabnika pri vsakodnevnih opravilih. Obstaja tudi več patentov, na primer US6846106 in W02008099320, ki ocenjujejo psihološko stanje na podlagi enega samega psihofiziološkega odziva. S takim pristopom dobimo zelo omejeno oceno. Za dobro natančnost ocene je nujno potrebno meriti več različnih psihofizioloških odzivov.Patent US6021346 addresses the assessment of psychological status by electroencephalography (EEG) or functional magnetic resonance (fMRI). These two methods are very impractical because of expensive equipment and obstruction of the user in their daily tasks. There are also several patents, for example, US6846106 and W02008099320, that assess psychological status based on a single psychophysiological response. This approach gives a very limited estimate. For good assessment accuracy, it is imperative to measure several different psychophysiological responses.

V patentni prijavi VVO9733515 je opisano zajemanje in pretvorba psihofizioloških odzivov v psihološko stanje s pomočjo dimenzionalnega modela in statistične zvrednosti. Z-vrednost je definirana kot razlika vrednosti konkretne enote in aritmetične sredine populacije, deljena s standardnim odklonom populacije. Naprava, ki je opisana v tej patentni prijavi, meri EMG, srčni utrip ter prevodnost kože, jih pretvori v z-vrednosti in vsako od teh z-vrednosti uporabi za oceno ene psihološke dimenzije. Ta rešitev ne opisuje prenosa po omrežjih, poleg tega pa ima več slabosti. Merjenje EMG osebo moti, saj je za psihofiziološko analizo potrebno elektrode pritrditi na obraz. Tudi povezava med srčnim utripom in dimenzijo splošne duševne budnosti (“arousal”) je vprašljiva, saj večjemu številu študij ni uspelo ugotoviti povezave med srčnim utripom in to psihološko dimenzijo. Primer je na primer študija avtorjev Neumann, S. A. & VValdstein, S. R. (2001) v reviji Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 50, 245-253 pod naslovom »Similar patterns of cardiovascular response during emotional activation as a function of affective valence and arousal and gender«. Poleg tega pa je statistična z-vrednost relativno nenatančna metoda, ki ne upošteva nelinearnosti povezav med psihofiziološkimi odzivi in psihološkim stanjem.Patent Application VVO9733515 describes the capture and conversion of psychophysiological responses to a psychological state by means of a dimensional model and statistical value. The z-value is defined as the difference between the value of a particular unit and the arithmetic mean of the population divided by the standard deviation of the population. The device described in this patent application measures EMG, heart rate, and skin conductivity, converts them to z-values, and uses each of these z-values to evaluate one psychological dimension. This solution does not describe transmission over networks and has several disadvantages. Measurement of EMG disturbs a person because psychophysiological analysis requires electrodes to be attached to the face. The link between heart rate and arousal dimension (“arousal”) is also questionable, as a number of studies have failed to find a link between heart rate and this psychological dimension. An example is the study of authors Neumann, SA & Valdstein, SR (2001) in the Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 50, 245-253, entitled "Similar patterns of cardiovascular response during emotional activation as a function of affective valence and arousal and gender" . In addition, the statistical z-value is a relatively inaccurate method that does not take into account the nonlinearity of the links between psychophysiological responses and psychological status.

V patentni prijavi US2003139654 je opisano zajemanje in pretvorba psihofizioloških odzivov v psihološko stanje s pomočjo diskretnega modela in algoritmov SVM (support vector machines). Opis algoritma SVM je podal Vapnik, V. N. (1999) v članku An overvievv of statistical learning theory v reviji IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, 10, 988-999. Naprava za psihofiziološko merjenje je vgrajena v uro ter lahko zajema elektrokardiogram (EKG), fotopletizmogram (PPG), prevodnost kože in temperature kože. Naprava pretvori EKG in PPG v srčni utrip, iz katerega izračuna srčno variabilnost (heart rate variability - HRV). Algoritmi SVM so bistveno primernejši za pretvorbo psihofizioloških odzivov v psihološka stanja od z-vrednosti. Vendar pa ta izum ne razkriva prenosa po omrežjih in ne podpira dimenzionalnega modela psihološkega stanja, pomembna slabost pa je tudi sama konstrukcija naprave za zajemanje psihofizioloških odzivov. Ta je zgrajena v obliki zapestne ure. Z zapestno uro EKG sploh ni možno meriti, saj je za to potrebno namestiti več elektrod na različnih delih telesa. PPG se lahko meri, vendar pa le-ta da manj natančno oceno srčnega utripa kot EKG, saj so vrhovi v signalu PPG širši kot v signalu EKG. Z manj natančno oceno srčnega utripa je posledično ocena HRV manj natančna. Tudi merjenje temperature in prevodnosti kože na zapestju ni primerno, saj sta v praktično vseh znanstvenih študijah na področju psihofiziologije ta odziva merjena na prstih.Patent Application US2003139654 describes the capture and conversion of psychophysiological responses to psychological status using a discrete model and SVM (support vector machines) algorithms. A description of the SVM algorithm is provided by Vapnik, V. N. (1999) in the article An overvievv of statistical learning theory in IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, 10, 988-999. The psychophysiological measuring device is integrated into the clock and can include an electrocardiogram (ECG), photoplethysmogram (PPG), skin conductance and skin temperatures. The device converts ECG and PPG into heart rate from which it calculates heart rate variability (HRV). SVM algorithms are significantly better suited for converting psychophysiological responses to psychological states than z-values. However, the present invention does not disclose transmission over networks and does not support a dimensional model of the psychological state, and a major disadvantage is the construction of the device for capturing psychophysiological responses. This one is built in the form of a wristwatch. The ECG wristwatch cannot be measured at all, since it requires the installation of several electrodes on different parts of the body. PPG can be measured, but it gives a less accurate estimate of heart rate than ECG, since the peaks in the PPG signal are wider than in the ECG. With a less accurate heart rate, the resulting HRV is less accurate. Also, measuring the temperature and conductivity of the skin on the wrist is not appropriate, since in almost all scientific studies in the field of psychophysiology, these responses are measured on the fingers.

Z rešitvijo v patentni prijavi US2008221401 je rešen problem zajemanja EKG signala tako, da so senzorji za srčni utrip nameščeni na telovnik. S to metodo je lahko uspešno zajet tako EKG kot dihanje osebe. Vsi drugi psihofiziološki odzivi, omenjeni v tej prijavi kot so EEG, elektrookulogram (EOG), EMG, pa so neprimerni za vsakdanjo rabo, saj merjenje teh odzivov moti uporabnika. Za natančno ocenjevanje psihološkega stanja bi bilo nujno potrebno merjenje drugih psihofizioloških signalov poleg EKG in dihanja. Tudi ta izum uporablja le diskretni model psihološkega stanja in ne opisuje prenosa psiholoških stanj preko različnih omrežij.The solution in patent application US2008221401 solves the problem of ECG capture by placing the heart rate sensors on the vest. This method can successfully capture both the ECG and the person's breathing. All other psycho-physiological responses mentioned in this application, such as EEG, Electrococogram (EOG), EMG, are unsuitable for everyday use, since measuring these responses disturbs the user. Measuring other psychophysiological signals besides ECG and breathing would be indispensable for accurate assessment of psychological status. Also, this invention uses only a discrete model of the psychological state and does not describe the transmission of psychological states through different networks.

Nevronske mreže so opisane v npr. v B. J. A. Ruse & P. P. Van der Smagt (1995), AnNeural networks are described in e.g. in B. J. A. Ruse & P. P. Van der Smagt (1995), An

Introduction to Neural Networks, Seventh edition, The University of Amsterdam,Introduction to Neural Networks, The University of Amsterdam, Seventh edition,

Nizozemska. Genetski algoritmi so opisani v npr. D. E. Goldberg (1989). Genetic algorithms in search, optimization and machine learning. Addison-Wesley PublishingThe Netherlands. Genetic algorithms are described in e.g. D. E. Goldberg (1989). Genetic algorithms in search, optimization and machine learning. Addison-Wesley Publishing

Inc., Reading, Massachusetts, ZDA.Inc., Reading, Massachusetts, USA.

Opis rešitve tehničnega problemaDescription of solution to a technical problem

Sistem in postopek za ocenjevanje psiholoških stanj na podlagi psihofizioloških odzivov in prenos teh stanj po različnih omrežjih po izumu je značilen po tem, da so senzorji za merjenje psihofizioloških odzivov nameščeni v prstane, zapestnico, pas in kamero za spremljanje oči osebe, pri čemer se izmerjeni odzivi z uporabo diskretnega oziroma dimenzionalnega modela psihološkega stanja ter uporabo nelinearnih metod klasifikacije in odločanja pretvorijo v oceno psihološkega stanja. Ta ocena se preko poljubnega omrežja, vodila ali protokola prenese na drug dislociran računalnik.A system and procedure for evaluating psychological states based on psychophysiological responses and transmitting these states to different networks according to the invention is characterized in that the sensors for measuring psychophysiological responses are placed in the person's rings, bracelet, waistband and camera to monitor the measured responses are converted into a psychological state assessment using a discrete or dimensional model of the psychological state, as well as the use of non-linear methods of classification and decision making. This estimate is transmitted to any other dislocated computer via any network, bus or protocol.

Sistem in postopek za ocenjevanje psiholoških stanj na podlagi psihofizioloških odzivov in prenos teh stanj po različnih omrežjih po izumu bosta v nadaljevanju podrobneje opisana s pomočjo slik, ki kažejo:The system and procedure for evaluating psychological states based on psychophysiological responses and for transmitting these states to different networks according to the invention will be described in further detail by means of figures showing:

Slika 1 - skico sistema po izumu1 is a sketch of the system according to the invention

Slika 2 - primer postavitve senzorjev na roko in trupFigure 2 - Example of placing the sensors on the arm and torso

Slika 3 - blok shema sistema po izumu3 is a block diagram of a system of the invention

Slika 4 - blok shema računanja ocene psihološkega stanjaFigure 4 - block diagram of computing psychological state assessment

Sistem za ocenjevanje psiholoških stanj na podlagi psihofizioloških odzivov in prenos teh stanj po različnih omrežjih po izumu vsebuje merilni podsistem 1, ki je sestavljen iz prstanov 21, 22, 23, 24, zapestnice 3 in povezav 41,42, 43, 44. V prstana 21 in 22 sta vgrajeni dve elektrodi, ki sta del senzorja za prevodnost kože. V prstan 23 je vgrajen senzor za merjenje temperature kože, ki je termistor ali pa katerikoli drug dovolj hiter merilnik temperature. V prstan 24 je vgrajen senzor za fotopletizmogram (PPG), ki je pulzni oksimeter. Za merjenje prevodnosti kože sta potrebna prstana 21 in 22. V vsakega je vgrajena ena elektroda, stabilen vir napetosti pa poganja tok preko elektrod in roke. Prevodnost kože je izračunana kot kvocient izmerjenega toka in napetosti na viru. Vir napetosti je vgrajen in/ali pritrjen na zapestnico 3, ki je preko žičnih povezav 41,42, 43 in 44 vezana na prstane 21,22, 23 in 24. Povezave 41,42, 43 in 44 so lahko tudi brezžične. Vir napetosti je lahko vgrajen tudi v posamezne prstane. Število prstanov je odvisno od aplikacije. Minimalno število je dva prstana, vendar se s tem poveča velikost posameznega prstana. Če uporabimo štiri prstane, so ti relativno majhni, vendar pa je lahko večje število prstanov moteče za nekatere uporabnike.The system for evaluating psychological states based on psychophysiological responses and transmitting these states to different networks according to the invention comprises a measuring subsystem 1 consisting of rings 21, 22, 23, 24, bracelets 3 and links 41,42, 43, 44. In rings 21 and 22 two electrodes are incorporated as part of the skin conductivity sensor. Ring 23 includes a skin temperature sensor, which is a thermistor or any other fast enough temperature gauge. Ring 24 includes a photoplethysmogram (PPG) sensor, which is a pulse oximeter. Rings 21 and 22 are required to measure the conductivity of the skin. Each electrode is integrated into each, and a stable voltage source drives the current through the electrodes and arm. Skin conductivity is calculated as a quotient of the measured current and voltage at the source. A voltage source is mounted and / or attached to the bracelet 3, which is connected via rings 41,42, 43 and 44 to rings 21,22, 23 and 24. Connections 41,42, 43 and 44 may also be wireless. The voltage source can also be integrated into individual rings. The number of rings depends on the application. The minimum number is two rings, but this increases the size of each ring. If four rings are used, these are relatively small, but the larger number of rings can be annoying for some users.

Merilni podsistem 1 vsebuje tudi pas 5 na trupu uporabnika, ki vsebuje senzor za EKG. Senzor za EKG je sestavljen iz treh ali štirih elektrod, vgrajenih na različna mesta v pasu 5. EKG je izmerjen z merjenjem napetosti med temi elektrodami. Informacije o dihanju se zbirajo z merjenjem obsega trupa s pomočjo uporovnih lističev, vgrajenih v pas 5. Namesto pasu 5 je lahko uporabljen telovnik. Obe izvedbi sta si enakovredni in vsebujeta senzorja za EKG ter senzor za dihanje.Measurement subsystem 1 also contains a band 5 on the body of the user containing an ECG sensor. The ECG sensor consists of three or four electrodes mounted at different locations in band 5. The ECG is measured by measuring the voltage between these electrodes. Respiratory information is collected by measuring the circumference of the torso by means of resistive slips embedded in lane 5. A waistcoat may be used instead of lane 5. Both versions are equivalent and include an ECG sensor and a breathing sensor.

Merilni podsistem 1 obsega tudi mikrofon za snemanje uporabnikovega glasu.Measurement subsystem 1 also includes a microphone for recording the user's voice.

Poleg prej naštetih komponent merilni podsistem 1 vsebuje kamero za zajemanje krčenja zenice in gibanja oči. Kamera je lahko izdelek kateregakoli proizvajalca z zadovoljivo natančnostjo. Lahko je tudi priključena neposredno na računalniški podsistem 7.In addition to the components listed above, measuring subsystem 1 contains a camera for capturing pupil contraction and eye movements. The camera can be a product of any manufacturer with satisfactory accuracy. It can also be connected directly to the computer subsystem 7.

Signali iz senzorjev, ki jih oddajajo prstani 21, 22, 23, 24, zapestnica 3 in pas 5 na trupu, se v kodirnikih K1, K2, K3, K4, K5 in K6 pretvorijo v digitalen signal, ki je primeren za brezžični prenos. Najpreprostejša oblika takih kodirnikov so analognodigitalni pretvorniki, možni pa so tudi kodirniki, zasnovani na frekvenčni modulaciji.The signals from the sensors emitted by rings 21, 22, 23, 24, bracelet 3 and belt 5 on the fuselage are converted into digital signal suitable for wireless transmission in encoders K1, K2, K3, K4, K5 and K6. Analogodigital converters are the simplest form of such encoders, and frequency modulation encoders are also possible.

Kodirani signali iz kodirnikov K1, K2, K3, K4, K5 in K6 se preko brezžičnih oddajnikov 01, 02, 03, 04, 05 in 06 pošljejo na brezžični sprejemnik 6, ki je povezan z računalniškim podsistemom 7. Povezava sprejemnika 6 in računalniškega podsistema 7 je lahko izvedena s pomočjo USB, BlueTooth, VViFi ali drugega priključka. Tako kodirniki K1, K2, K3, K4, K5 in K6 kot brezžični oddajniki 01, 02, 03, 04, 05 in 06 so vgrajeni v pas 5, telovnik, prstane 21, 22, 23, 24 in/ali zapestnico 3.The encoded signals from encoders K1, K2, K3, K4, K5 and K6 are sent via wireless transmitters 01, 02, 03, 04, 05 and 06 to a wireless receiver 6 connected to a computer subsystem 7. Connection of the receiver 6 and the computer subsystem 7 can be made using USB, BlueTooth, VViFi or other port. Both the K1, K2, K3, K4, K5 and K6 encoders and the 01, 02, 03, 04, 05 and 06 wireless transmitters are integrated into the waistband 5, waistcoat, rings 21, 22, 23, 24 and / or bracelet 3.

Računalniški podsistem 7 sprejete signale iz brezžičnega sprejemnika 6 sproti shranjuje v pomnilniku oziroma na trdem disku. V pomnilniku ostanejo le signali, potrebni za izračunavanje trenutnega psihološkega stanja. Starejši signali so shranjeni samo na disku ali pa se sproti brišejo. Dolžina signalov, ki so za potrebe izračunavanja psihološkega stanja shranjeni v pomnilniku, je lahko od nič do trideset minut, odvisno od nastavitve pri sami aplikaciji naprave. Signale v pomnilniku računalniški podsistem filtrira z digitalnimi pasovnoprepustnimi filtri. Za vsak signal je uporabljen različen filter. Iz filtriranih signalov računalniški podsistem izračuna psihofiziološke parametre, potrebne za ocenjevanje psihološkega stanja. Namesto računalniškega podsistema je lahko uporabljena tudi druga elektronska naprava, ki omogoča zahtevane računske operacije, sprejemanje brezžičnih signalov in pošiljanje podatkov po nekem omrežju. To je lahko na primer prenosni telefon, prenosni predvajalnik glasbe ali pa posebej za to narejena elektronska naprava.The computer subsystem 7 stores the received signals from the wireless receiver 6 in memory or on the hard disk. Only the signals needed to calculate the current psychological state remain in memory. Older signals are only stored on the disk or are deleted on an ongoing basis. The length of the signals stored in memory for the purpose of calculating the psychological status can range from zero to thirty minutes, depending on the setting in the device application itself. In-memory signals are filtered by the computer subsystem using digital bandwidth filters. A different filter is used for each signal. From the filtered signals, the computer subsystem calculates the psychophysiological parameters needed to assess the psychological state. Instead of a computer subsystem, another electronic device may be used to provide the required computational operations, receive wireless signals, and send data over a network. This could be, for example, a mobile phone, a portable music player, or a specially designed electronic device.

Psihofiziološki parametri se razlikujejo od psihofizioloških odzivov na sledeč način: psihofiziološki odziv je surov signal zajet s senzorja (npr. surov EKG signal), psihofiziološki parameter pa je kvantitativno ovrednotena lastnost psihofiziološkega odziva (npr. frekvenca bitja srca je psihofiziološki parameter, ki izhaja iz surovega EKG signala). Psihofiziološki parametri so opisani v naslednjem odstavku.Psychophysiological parameters differ from psychophysiological responses in the following way: a psychophysiological response is a raw signal captured by a sensor (eg a raw ECG signal), and a psychophysiological parameter is a quantitatively evaluated property of a psychophysiological response (eg, heart rate is a psychophysiological parameter derived from a psychophysiological parameter). ECG signals). Psychophysiological parameters are described in the next paragraph.

Iz pridobljenih EKG in PPG signalov računalniški podsistem izračuna frekvenco srčnega utripa ter različne ocene srčne variabilnosti po metodah, opisanih v članku skupine »Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology, The North AmericanFrom the obtained ECG and PPG signals, the computer subsystem calculates heart rate and various estimates of cardiac variability according to the methods described in the article "Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology, The North American

Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology” iz leta 1996 z naslovom “Standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use”, objavljenem v reviji European Heart Journal številka 17, na straneh od 354-381. Filtriran signal prevodnosti kože je že uporaben psihofiziološki parameter za ocenjevanje psihološkega stanja. Računalniški sistem pa poleg tega izračuna še frekvenco in amplitudo t.i. SCR (skin conductance responses), kratkotrajnih povečanj prevodnosti kože, ki so dobro opisana v znanstvenih člankih. Izračuna tudi različne ocene spreminjanja prevodnosti kot so npr. povprečni odvod, varianca, tretji in četrti centralni moment. Iz signala, pridobljenega iz uporovnih lističev senzorjev v pasu oziroma telovniku 3 na trupu, računalniški podsistem izračuna različne dihalne parametre kot so frekvenca dihanja, sprememba volumna pljuč, čas vdiha, čas izdiha in podobno. Izmerjena temperatura kože je že sama po sebi primeren parameter za ocenjevanje psihološkega stanja.1996 Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology entitled "Standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use", published in European Heart Journal No. 17, pages 354-381. The filtered skin conductance signal is already a useful psychophysiological parameter for assessing psychological status. The computer system also calculates the frequency and amplitude of the so-called. SCR (Skin Conductance Responses), short-term increases in skin conductance, which are well described in scientific articles. It also calculates various estimates of the variation in conductivity, such as. average drain, variance, third and fourth central torque. From the signal obtained from the resistive strips of sensors in the waist or waistcoat 3 on the torso, the computer subsystem calculates various respiratory parameters such as respiratory rate, change in lung volume, breath time, exhalation time and the like. Measured skin temperature is in itself an appropriate parameter for assessing psychological status.

Računalniški podsistem uporablja enega od več možnih algoritmov za določanje psiholoških stanj. Povezave med psihofiziološkimi parametri in psihološkimi stanji lahko uporabnik definira ročno, tako da v računalniški podsistem vnese matematične oziroma statistične enačbe ali pravila, ki opisujejo te povezave. En možen primer ročnega določanja povezav je preko statističnih z-vrednosti. Uporabnik za vsako psihološko stanje, oziroma pri dimenzionalnem modelu za vsako dimenzijo psihološkega stanja, definira razpon, znotraj katerega se morajo nahajati z-vrednosti psihofizioloških parametrov. Računalniški podsistem izračuna vse psihofiziološke parametre in njihove z-vrednosti, nato pa ugotovi, znotraj katerega razpona (tj. katerega psihološkega stanja oziroma dimenzije psihološkega stanja) z-vrednosti ležijo. Drug primer ročnega določanja povezav je preko mehke logike. Uporabnik definira razpone psihofizioloških parametrov (npr. za srčni utrip je lahko razpon »nizek« definiran kot »50-60 udarcev na minuto«), nato pa definira še preprosta pravila oblike »če x, potem y«, ki povezujejo razpone psihofizioloških parametrov in psihološka stanja. Na primer, če je srčni utrip nizek in je frekvenca dihanja nizka, je duševna budnost »nizka«. Računalniški podsistem izračuna vse psihofiziološke parametre, ugotovi, znotraj katerega razpona, npr. »nizek«, »visok«, ležijo, in s pomočjo pravil določi psihološko stanje.The computer subsystem uses one of several possible algorithms to determine psychological states. Connections between psychophysiological parameters and psychological states can be defined manually by the user by entering mathematical or statistical equations or rules describing these links into the computer subsystem. One possible example of manually determining links is through statistical z-values. The user defines for each psychological state, or in the dimensional model for each dimension of the psychological state, the range within which the z-values of the psychophysiological parameters must be located. The computer subsystem calculates all psychophysiological parameters and their z-values, and then determines within which range (ie, which psychological state or dimensions of the psychological state) the z-values lie. Another example of manually defining links is through fuzzy logic. The user defines the ranges of psychophysiological parameters (for example, for a heartbeat, the range may be "low" defined as "50-60 beats per minute"), and then defines simple rules of the form "if x, then y" that link the ranges of psychophysiological parameters and psychological states. For example, if heart rate is low and breathing rate is low, mental alertness is "low". The computer subsystem calculates all psychophysiological parameters and determines within which range, e.g. "Low," "high," lie down, and determine the psychological state by the rules.

Računalniškemu podsistemu pa lahko le podamo bazo podatkov, na podlagi katere se sam nauči razpoznavati psihološka stanja. Za tako učenje obstaja več že znanih pristopov, na primer nevronske mreže, genetski algoritmi, t.i. support vector machines (SVM) itd. Baza podatkov vsebuje tipične vrednosti psihofizioloških odzivov za različna stanja. V bazi podatkov za diskretni model so na primer tipične vrednosti odzivov za jezo, strah, zadovoljstvo, dolgčas itd. V bazi podatkov za dimenzionalni model so tipične vrednosti odzivov za npr. nizko vrednost posamezne dimenzije in visoko vrednost posamezne dimenzije (nizka/visoka duševna budnost, nizka/visoka čustvena valenca itd.). Te tipične vrednosti so vnaprej izmerjene na več različnih ljudeh. Računalniški podsistem na podlagi teh vrednosti razvije algoritem za določanje psihološkega stanja. Pri najbolj osnovni izvedbi nevronske mreže na primer algoritem uporablja le tri operacije: seštevanje, množenje s konstanto in pa pragovno funkcijo. Na začetku vrednosti konstant v algoritmu niso določene. Uporabnik poda vhodne podatke v obliki psihofizioloških odzivov in izhodne podatke v obliki številčnih vrednosti, ki predstavljajo psihološko stanje. Računalniški podsistem pa nato sam določi konstante v algoritmu tako, da iz vhodnih podatkov sledijo izhodni podatki.The computer subsystem, however, can only be given a database on the basis of which it learns to recognize psychological states. There are several known approaches to such learning, such as neural networks, genetic algorithms, i.e. support vector machines (SVM) etc. The database contains typical values of psychophysiological responses for different conditions. For example, the discrete model database contains typical response values for anger, fear, satisfaction, boredom, etc. In the dimensional model database, typical response values for e.g. low value of individual dimension and high value of individual dimension (low / high mental alertness, low / high emotional valence, etc.). These typical values are pre-measured on several different people. Based on these values, the computer subsystem develops an algorithm for determining the psychological state. For example, in the most basic neural network implementation, the algorithm uses only three operations: addition, multiplication by constant, and threshold function. Initially, the values of the constants are not specified in the algorithm. The user provides input data in the form of psychophysiological responses and output data in the form of numerical values representing the psychological state. The computer subsystem then itself determines the constants in the algorithm so that the output data follows from the input data.

Naprednejše nevronske mreže lahko uporabljajo tudi druge računske operacije. Genetski algoritmi delujejo na podobnem principu kot nevronske mreže. Računalniški podsistem naključno generira na tisoče možnih algoritmov za določanje psihološkega stanja, nato pa preveri, kakšne izhodne podatke algoritmi dobijo iz vhodnih podatkov. Algoritme, katerih izhodni podatki so najbolj podobni želenim izhodnim podatkom iz baze, računalniški podsistem nato kombinira med seboj. Tako dobi nove algoritme, katerih izhodne podatke znova primerja z želenimi izhodnimi podatki iz baze. Po velikem številu iteracij (lahko tudi več tisoč) računalniški podsistem dobi algoritme, ki zelo dobro delujejo za podatke iz baze.Advanced neural networks may also use other computational operations. Genetic algorithms operate on a similar principle to neural networks. The computer subsystem randomly generates thousands of possible algorithms to determine the psychological state, and then checks what output the algorithms get from the input data. The algorithms whose output is most similar to the desired output from the database are then combined by the computer subsystem. It thus obtains new algorithms whose output is again compared to the desired output from the database. After many iterations (even thousands), the computer subsystem gets algorithms that work very well for database data.

Sistem za ocenjevanje psiholoških stanj po izumu, ki jo dobi uporabnik, znotraj računalniškega podsistema lahko vsebuje enega ali več zgoraj naštetih algoritmov za pretvorbo psihofizioloških odzivov v psihološka stanja. Če je algoritmov več, lahko uporabnik prosto izbira med njimi, na primer z gumbi, meniji v računalniškem programu. Druga možna izvedba naprave poleg že izdelanih algoritmov vsebuje tudi bazo podatkov. Uporabnik lahko tako sam izbere, katere od vnosov v bazo naj računalniški podsistem uporabi za učenje razpoznavanja psiholoških stanj. Iz baze lahko vnose briše, lahko pa jih tudi dodaja tako, da v določenem trenutku sistemu pove, kako se počuti, sistem pa nato trenutno vrednost psihofizioloških odzivov ustrezno označi in shrani v bazo. S tem se sistem vedno bolj prilagaja nekemu konkretnemu uporabniku, vendar za ceno slabšega delovanja na drugih osebah.A user-provided psychological state assessment system within a computer subsystem may include one or more of the algorithms listed above for converting psychophysiological responses to psychological states. If there are more than one algorithm, the user is free to choose between them, for example, using buttons, menus in a computer program. Another possible implementation of the device, in addition to the already developed algorithms, contains a database. The user can then choose which of the entries in the database to use the computer subsystem for learning to recognize psychological states. It can delete entries from the database, but it can also add them by telling the system how it feels at some point, and then systematically mark and save the current value of the psychophysiological responses to the database. This makes the system increasingly adaptable to a particular user, but at the cost of poor performance on other people.

Pomembna lastnost naprave je, da je sposobna delnega razpoznavanja psiholoških stanj, tudi če nima dostopa do vseh senzorjev. V tem primeru je delovanje okrnjeno, saj sistem vrne slabšo oceno celotnega stanja, več možnih diskretnih stanj ali pa le nekatere od psiholoških dimenzij.An important feature of the device is that it is capable of partial recognition of psychological states, even if it does not have access to all sensors. In this case, the operation is impaired as the system returns a worse estimate of the overall condition, several possible discrete states, or just some of the psychological dimensions.

Po pretvorbi psihofizioloških parametrov v psihološka stanja lahko oceno psihološkega stanja uporabi neka druga aplikacija znotraj istega računalnika. Glavni namen naprave pa je prenos ocene psihološkega stanja na nek drug računalnik ali napravo 8 preko različnih omrežij 9 oziroma vodil ali protokolov. Za prenos znotraj iste stavbe je lahko uporabljen na primer LAN ali WiFi, za prenos na večje razdalje pa na primer Internet ali omrežje mobilne telefonije. Ti prenosi lahko potekajo v realnem času, lahko pa se informacije prenašajo v rednih intervalih oziroma ko pride do sprememb v psihološkem stanju. Algoritem za prenos ocene psihološkega stanja je lahko samostojen, lahko pa je vgrajen v druge aplikacije, kot so npr. MSN Messenger, Facebook, Second Life, World of VVarcraft itd. Sledijo tri možne aplikacije naprave. Vsaka od njih lahko uporablja kateregakoli od že naštetih načinov določanja psihološkega stanja ali pa kateregakoli drugega.After the psychophysiological parameters have been converted into psychological states, the evaluation of the psychological state may be used by another application within the same computer. The main purpose of the device is to transfer the psychological status assessment to another computer or device 8 through different networks 9 or guides or protocols. For example, LAN or WiFi may be used to transmit within the same building and, for example, the Internet or mobile telephony for long distance transmission. These transfers can take place in real time, but information can be transmitted at regular intervals or when psychological changes occur. The algorithm for downloading a psychological state assessment may be standalone, but may be embedded in other applications, such as: MSN Messenger, Facebook, Second Life, World of Varcraft etc. The following are three possible applications of the device. Each of them can use any of the above methods to determine the psychological state or any other.

Sistem po varianti I je namenjen psihoterapiji s pomočjo navidezne resničnosti. Pacient je postavljen v neko navidezno okolje, ki lahko stimulira enega ali več čutov. V najpreprostejših okoljih je stimuliran le vid, v naprednejših tudi sluh ali dotik. V tem navideznem okolju se pacient sreča z neko situacijo, ki je zanj stresna. Najpogosteje je to nekaj, s čemer se pacient v življenju redno srečuje, stres pa mu onemogoča normalno delovanje. Primera takih situacij sta na primer letenje in javno nastopanje. Lahko pa se je neka ekstremno stresna situacija pacientu zgodila le enkrat v življenju, a zaradi nje še vedno čuti psihološke posledice. Primeri takih situacij so vojna, prometna ali družinska nesreča. Navidezne situacije za pacienta niso nevarne, a vseeno vzbudijo slabo počutje. Tako ga ni potrebno postavljati v okolje, ki bi bilo v resničnem svetu težko dostopno ali celo nevarno. Po večkratni uporabi navideznega okolja se pacient nanj navadi, nivo stresa pa se zniža. Po koncu terapije se pacient s to stresno situacijo lahko uspešno srečuje tudi v resničnem svetu. Tak način psihoterapije je bil uspešno uporabljen za zdravljenje najrazličnejših motenj. Glavna slabost pa je nujna prisotnost psihoterapevta, ki mora nadzorovati situacijo in prekiniti terapijo, če ta postane preveč stresna za pacienta. Z uporabo naprave za razpoznavanje in prenos psihološkega stanja bi pacient lahko navidezno situacijo izkusil na primer na domačem računalniku, terapevt pa bi ga nadzoroval na daljavo. Za to pa je potrebna celostna slika stanja pacienta, saj le natančne informacije lahko nadomestijo fizično prisotnost terapevta. Napačna informacija o psihološkem stanju bi lahko za posledico imela neučinkovito ali celo škodljivo terapijo. Pri tej aplikaciji so v napravo vključene vse do zdaj opisane komponente. Izbira algoritma za pretvorbo psihofizioloških odzivov v psihološka stanja tudi ni prepuščena pacientu, marveč je lahko ali določena vnaprej ali pa jo lahko izbira terapevt med terapijo samo.The variant I system is for virtual reality psychotherapy. The patient is placed in some virtual environment that can stimulate one or more senses. In the simplest environments, only vision is stimulated, in advanced environments, hearing or touch is stimulated. In this virtual environment, the patient encounters a situation that is stressful for him. Most often, this is something that a patient encounters on a regular basis in life, and stress prevents him or her from functioning normally. Examples of such situations are flight and public speaking. However, an extremely stressful situation may have occurred to the patient only once in his / her life, but still makes him / her feel the psychological consequences. Examples of such situations are war, traffic or family accident. Virtual situations are not dangerous for the patient, but they still cause feelings of malaise. Thus, it does not have to be placed in an environment that is difficult to access or even dangerous in the real world. After repeated use of the virtual environment, the patient becomes accustomed to it, and the level of stress is reduced. After the end of therapy, the patient can successfully deal with this stressful situation in the real world as well. This method of psychotherapy has been successfully used to treat a variety of disorders. The main disadvantage, however, is the presence of a psychotherapist who must control the situation and interrupt the therapy if it becomes too stressful for the patient. Using a device to recognize and transfer a psychological state, the patient could experience the virtual situation, for example, on a home computer, and the therapist would monitor it remotely. This, however, requires an overall picture of the patient's condition, as only accurate information can replace the physical presence of the therapist. Misinformation about the psychological condition could result in ineffective or even harmful therapy. With this application, all the components described so far are included in the device. The choice of an algorithm for converting psychophysiological responses to psychological states is also not left to the patient, but may be either predetermined or may be selected by the therapist during therapy alone.

Sistem po varianti II je namenjen razvedrilu in druženju. Tu sta dva glavna primera uporabe t.i. MMO (massively multiplayer Online) navidezni svetovi in pa t.i. »social networking« strani. V MMO navideznih svetovih vsak uporabnik prevzame vlogo nekega lika, ki ga lahko največkrat poljubno oblikuje. Ti liki lahko raziskujejo svet, se pogovarjajo z drugimi liki, se učijo itd. Ko se dva lika srečata, lahko uporabnik takoj pridobi določene informacije o drugem liku oz. uporabniku. Če je vsak uporabnik opremljen z napravo za prepoznavanje psihološkega stanja, lahko v sklopu navideznega sveta pridobi tudi informacije o psihološkem stanju drugih uporabnikov, katerih like srečuje. Te informacije so lahko podane v pisni obliki, lahko pa se lik, ki predstavlja uporabnika, spremeni. Kot primer lahko obrazna mimika vsakega lika v navideznem svetu odraža dejansko stanje uporabnika, ki ta lik nadzoruje.System II variant is intended for entertainment and socializing. Here are two main examples of using t.i. MMO (massively multiplayer Online) virtual worlds and so on. Social networking pages. In MMO virtual worlds, each user takes on the role of a character that can be arbitrarily shaped. These characters can explore the world, talk to other characters, learn, etc. When two characters meet, the user can immediately obtain certain information about the other character or character. to the user. If each user is equipped with a device for the recognition of psychological status, within the virtual world can also obtain information about the psychological state of other users whose characters he meets. This information may be given in writing, but the character representing the user may change. As an example, the facial mimicry of each character in the virtual world may reflect the actual state of the user who controls that character.

Na »social netvvorking« spletnih straneh ima vsak uporabnik svoj profil z različnimi informacijami. Osnovne strani vključujejo le kratko besedilo in fotografijo, naprednejše pa omogočajo dodajanje različnih aplikacij kot so npr. kvizi, predvajalniki glasbe, interaktivni zemljevidi, navidezni domači ljubljenčki itd. Uporabnik, povezan z napravo za prepoznavanje psihološkega stanja, bi lahko vsakemu obiskovalcu profila poleg ostalih podatkov ponudil tudi informacijo o svojem trenutnem psihološkem stanju, ki bi se redno posodabljala. To bi bilo lahko prikazano z besedami, lahko pa tudi grafično, na primer preprosto narisan obraz, ki se smeji, joče, jezi in podobno.On social netvorking websites, each user has his or her profile with different information. Basic pages include only short text and a photo, and more advanced ones allow you to add different applications such as. quizzes, music players, interactive maps, virtual pets, etc. A user associated with a psychological status recognition device could provide each profile visitor with, among other information, information about their current psychological status, which would be updated on a regular basis. This could be shown in words, but it could also be graphical, such as a simple drawn face that is laughing, crying, angry, and the like.

Pri uporabi naprave po varianti II za razvedrilo in druženje je zahtevana manjša natančnost kot pri terapiji, saj napačna ocena psihološkega stanja ne more imeti hujših posledic. Sistem pa mora čim manj ovirati uporabnika pri vsakdanjih opravilih. Pri sistemu po varianti II so uporabljeni le senzorji na roki, mikrofon in kamera, saj je le-te možno namestiti in odstraniti zelo hitro, poleg tega pa niso moteči. Algoritem za pretvorbo psihofizioloških odzivov v psihološko stanje je lahko določen vnaprej, lahko pa je izbira prepuščena uporabniku.The use of a variant II device for amusement and companionship requires less precision than therapy, since a misjudgment of a psychological condition cannot have more serious consequences. The system should, however, minimize the user's daily routine. The variant II system uses only the hand sensors, the microphone and the camera, since they can be installed and removed very quickly and are not distracting. An algorithm for converting psychophysiological responses to a psychological state may be predetermined, but the choice may be left to the user.

Sistem po varianti III se uporabi kot osebni sistem za spremljanje lastnega psihološkega stanja. Namen te aplikacije ni prenos informacij o psihološkem stanju na drugo lokacijo. Informacije so namenjene predvsem osebi, na katero so senzorji nameščeni. Ocena psihološkega stanja tako ostaja na računalniku, kjer je bila izračunana. Izbira algoritma za pretvorbo psihofizioloških odzivov v psihološko stanje je prepuščena uporabniku. Uporabljeni so lahko katerikoli od že naštetih senzorjev.The system of variant III is used as a personal system for monitoring one's own psychological state. The purpose of this application is not to transfer psychological status information to another location. The information is intended primarily for the person to whom the sensors are mounted. The assessment of psychological status thus remains on the computer where it was calculated. The choice of an algorithm for converting psychophysiological responses to a psychological state is left to the user. Any of the sensors listed above can be used.

Uporabnik s to napravo lahko spremlja lastno raven stresa. S tem se lahko uspešneje izogne različnim stresnim situacijam ali pa se lažje spoprime s fobijami.The user can monitor their own level of stress with this device. This can be more effective in avoiding various stressful situations or in coping with phobias.

Claims (12)

1. Sistem za ocenjevanje psiholoških stanj na podlagi psihofizioloških odzivov in prenos teh stanj po različnih omrežjih, ki je značilna po tem, da vsebuje merilni podsistem (1), ki je sestavljen iz prstanov (21, 22, 23, 24), zapestnice (3) in povezav (41, 42, 43, 44), da sta v prstana (21 in 22) vgrajeni dve elektrodi, ki sta del senzorja za prevodnost kože, da je v prstan (23) vgrajen senzor za merjenje temperature kože, ki je termistor ali pa katerikoli drug merilnik temperature, da je v prstan (24) vgrajen senzor za fotopletizmogram (PPG), ki je pulzni oksimeter, da sta za merjenje prevodnosti kože potrebna prstana (21 in 22), da je v vsakega vgrajena ena elektroda, stabilen vir napetosti pa poganja tok preko elektrod in roke, da je prevodnost kože izračunana kot kvocient izmerjenega toka in napetosti na viru, da je vir napetosti vgrajen in/ali pritrjen na zapestnico (3), ki je preko žičnih povezav (41, 42, 43 in 44) vezana na prstane (21, 22, 23 in 24); da so povezave (41, 42, 43 in 44) lahko tudi brezžične, da je vir napetosti lahko vgrajen tudi v posamezne prstane; da merilni podsistem (1) vsebuje pas (5) na trupu uporabnika, ki vsebuje senzor za elektrokardiogram (EKG), da je senzor za EKG sestavljen iz treh ali štirih elektrod, vgrajenih na različna mesta v pasu (5), da se informacije o dihanju zbirajo z merjenjem obsega trupa s pomočjo uporovnih lističev, vgrajenih v pas (5), da merilni podsistem (1) obsega tudi mikrofon za snemanje uporabnikovega glasu, da merilni podsistem (1) vsebuje kamero za zajemanje krčenja zenice in gibanja oči, da je kamera lahko tudi priključena neposredno na računalnik, da se signali iz senzorjev, ki jih oddajajo prstani (21,22, 23, 24), zapestnica (3) in pas (5) na trupu v kodirnikih (K1, K2, K3, K4, K5 in K6) pretvorijo v digitalen signal, ki je primeren za brezžični prenos, da se kodirani signali iz kodirnikov (K1, K2, K3, K4, K5 in K6) preko brezžičnih oddajnikov (01, 02, 03, 04, 05 in 06) pošljejo na brezžični sprejemnik (6), ki je povezan z računalniškim podsistemom (7), da je povezava sprejemnika (6) in računalniškega podsistema (7) lahko izvedena s pomočjo USB, BlueTooth,A system for assessing psychological states based on psychophysiological responses and transmitting them across different networks, characterized in that it contains a measuring subsystem (1) consisting of rings (21, 22, 23, 24), bracelets ( 3) and connections (41, 42, 43, 44) that two electrodes are incorporated into the rings (21 and 22), which are part of a skin conductivity sensor, that a skin temperature sensor is incorporated into the ring (23), which is a thermistor or any other temperature gauge that a photoplethysmogram (PPG) sensor, which is a pulse oximeter, is incorporated into the ring (24), that rings (21 and 22) are required to measure the conductivity of the skin, that each electrode is fitted , and a stable voltage source drives the current through the electrodes and the arm, that the conductivity of the skin is calculated as a quotient of the measured current and voltage at the source, that the voltage source is mounted and / or attached to the bracelet (3), which is via wire connections (41, 42 , 43 and 44) tied to rings (21, 22, 23 and 24); that the connections (41, 42, 43 and 44) may also be wireless, that the voltage source may also be integrated into individual rings; that the measuring subsystem (1) contains a belt (5) on the user's torso containing an electrocardiogram sensor (ECG), that the ECG sensor consists of three or four electrodes mounted at different locations in the belt (5) to provide information about breathing is collected by measuring the circumference of the torso by means of resistive slips embedded in the belt (5), that the measuring subsystem (1) also includes a microphone for recording the user's voice, that the measuring subsystem (1) includes a camera for capturing pupil contraction and eye movements, the camera can also be connected directly to the computer to receive signals from sensors emitted by the rings (21,22, 23, 24), the bracelet (3) and the belt (5) on the fuselage in the encoders (K1, K2, K3, K4, K5 and K6) convert to a digital signal suitable for wireless transmission that encoded signals from encoders (K1, K2, K3, K4, K5 and K6) through wireless transmitters (01, 02, 03, 04, 05 and 06 ) is sent to a wireless receiver (6) connected to a computer subsystem (7) for connection to be received nika (6) and computer subsystem (7) can be implemented using USB, BlueTooth, WiFi ali drugega priključka, da so kodirniki (K1, K2, K3, K4, K5 in K6) in brezžični oddajniki (01, 02, 03, 04, 05 in 06) vgrajeni v pas (5), prstane (21, 22, 23, 24) in/ali zapestnico (3), da računalniški podsistem (7) sprejete signale z brezžičnega sprejemnika (6) sproti shranjuje v pomnilniku oziroma na trdem disku, da v pomnilniku ostanejo le signali zadnjih nič do trideset minut, ki so potrebni za izračunavanje trenutnega psihološkega stanja, da so starejši signali shranjeni samo na disku ali pa se sproti brišejo, da zajete signale v pomnilniku računalniški podsistem filtrira z digitalnimi pasovnoprepustnimi filtri, pri čemer za vsak signal uporabi različen filter, ter da računalniški podsistem iz filtriranih signalov izračuna psihofiziološke parametre, potrebne za ocenjevanje psihološkega stanja.WiFi or other connector that encoders (K1, K2, K3, K4, K5 and K6) and wireless transmitters (01, 02, 03, 04, 05 and 06) are embedded in the belt (5), rings (21, 22, 23, 24) and / or a bracelet (3) to store the received signals from the wireless receiver (6) in memory or on the hard disk on a computer subsystem (7), so that only the last zero to thirty minutes signals that are needed remain in memory to calculate the current psychological state that the older signals are stored only on the disk or are deleted, to filter the captured signals in memory with a digital bandwidth filter, using a different filter for each signal, and to calculate the computer subsystem from the filtered signals psychophysiological parameters needed to assess psychological status. 2. Sistem po zahtevku 1, ki je značilen po tem, da je namesto pasu (5) uporabljen telovnik.System according to claim 1, characterized in that a waistcoat is used instead of the waistband (5). 3. Sistem po zahtevku 1 in 2, ki je značilen po tem, da je namesto računalniškega podsistema uporabljena neka druga elektronska naprava, ki omogoča zahtevane računske operacije, sprejemanje brezžičnih signalov in pošiljanje podatkov po nekem omrežju; da je to lahko na primer prenosni telefon, prenosni predvajalnik glasbe ali pa posebej za to narejena elektronska naprava.System according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that another electronic device is used instead of the computer subsystem, which enables the required computational operations, receiving wireless signals and sending data over a network; such as a mobile phone, a portable music player, or a specially designed electronic device. 4. Sistem po zahtevkih od 1 do 3, ki je značilen po tem, da povezave med psihofiziološkimi parametri in psihološkimi stanji lahko uporabnik definira ročno, tako da v sistem vnese matematične oziroma statistične enačbe ali pravila, ki opisujejo te povezave; da uporabnik ročno določi povezavo statističnih z-vrednosti; da uporabnik za vsako psihološko stanje, oziroma pri dimenzionalnem modelu za vsako dimenzijo psihološkega stanja, definira razpon, znotraj katerega se morajo nahajati z-vrednosti psihofizioloških parametrov; da računalniški podsistem izračuna vse psihofiziološke parametre in njihove z-vrednosti, nato pa ugotovi, znotraj katerega razpona tj. katerega psihološkega stanja oziroma dimenzije psihološkega stanja z-vrednosti ležijo.System according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the links between psychophysiological parameters and psychological states can be defined manually by the user by entering mathematical or statistical equations or rules describing these links into the system; that the user manually determines the link of the statistical z-values; that the user defines for each psychological state, or in the dimensional model for each dimension of the psychological state, the range within which the z-values of the psychophysiological parameters must be located; that the computer subsystem calculates all psychophysiological parameters and their z-values, and then determines within which range ie. whose psychological state or dimensions of the psychological state of the z-value lie. 5. Sistem po zahtevkih od 1 do 3, ki je značilen po tem, da je ročno določanje povezav izvedeno preko mehke logike; da uporabnik definira razpone psihofizioloških parametrov, nato pa definira še preprosta pravila oblike »če x, potem y«, ki povezujejo razpone psihofizioloških parametrov in psihološka stanja; da računalniški podsistem izračuna vse psihofiziološke parametre, ugotovi, znotraj katerega razpona, ležijo, in s pomočjo pravil določi psihološko stanje.The system of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the manual determination of the connections is performed through fuzzy logic; that the user defines ranges of psychophysiological parameters, and then defines simple rules of the form "if x, then y", which link ranges of psychophysiological parameters and psychological states; that the computer subsystem calculates all psychophysiological parameters, determines within which range they lie, and determines the psychological state using rules. 6. Sistem po zahtevkih od 1 do 3, ki je značilen po tem, da sistemu podamo bazo podatkov, na podlagi katere se računalniški podsistem sam nauči razpoznavati psihološka stanja; da za tako učenje uporabi nevronske mreže; da baza podatkov vsebuje tipične vrednosti psihofizioloških parametrov za različna stanja; da so v bazi podatkov za diskretni model na primer tipične vrednosti parametrov za jezo, strah, zadovoljstvo, dolgčas itd; da so v bazi podatkov za dimenzionalni model tipične vrednosti parametrov za na primer nizko vrednost posamezne dimenzije in visoko vrednost posamezne dimenzije; da so to nizka/visoka duševna budnost in/ali nizka/visoka čustvena valenca; da so te tipične vrednosti vnaprej izmerjene na več različnih ljudeh; da računalniški podsistem na podlagi teh vrednosti razvije algoritem za določanje čustev; da po večjem številu iteracij, katerih je lahko več tisoč, računalniški podsistem dobi algoritme, ki zelo dobro delujejo za podatke iz baze.System according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that we provide the system with a database on the basis of which the computer subsystem learns itself to recognize psychological states; to use neural networks for such learning; that the database contains typical values of psychophysiological parameters for different conditions; for example, in the discrete model database are typical parameter values for anger, fear, satisfaction, boredom, etc; that the dimensional model database contains typical parameter values, for example, the low value of each dimension and the high value of each dimension; that these are low / high mental alertness and / or low / high emotional valence; that these typical values are pre-measured on several different people; that the computer subsystem develops an algorithm for determining emotions based on these values; that after many iterations of thousands, the computer subsystem gets algorithms that work very well for database data. 7. Sistem po zahtevkih od 1, 2, 3 in 6, ki je značilen po tem, da za učenje uporabi genetski algoritem.System according to claims 1, 2, 3 and 6, characterized in that it uses a genetic algorithm for learning. 8. Sistem po zahtevkih od 1, 2, 3 in 6, ki je značilen po tem, da za učenje uporabi t. i. support vector machines (SVM).System according to claims 1, 2, 3 and 6, characterized in that it uses t for learning. i. support vector machines (SVM). 9. Sistem po zahtevkih od 1 do 8, ki je značilen po tem, da se ocena psihološkega stanja prenese na neko drugo napravo oziroma lokacijo preko različnih omrežij, vodil ali protokolov; da prenos ocene lahko poteka v realnem času, v rednih intervalih ali pa ko pride do sprememb v psihološkem stanju; da je algoritem za prenos ocene psihološkega stanja lahko samostojen ali vgrajen v druge aplikacije.System according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the assessment of the psychological state is transferred to another device or location through different networks, guides or protocols; that the transfer of the assessment may take place in real time, at regular intervals, or when psychological changes occur; that the algorithm for transferring the psychological state assessment may be standalone or embedded in other applications. 10. Sistem po zahtevkih od 1 do 9, ki je značilen po tem, da je sistem namenjen psihoterapiji s pomočjo navidezne resničnosti; da je pacient postavljen v neko navidezno okolje, ki lahko stimulira enega ali več čutov, da izbira algoritma za pretvorbo psihofizioloških odzivov v psihološka stanja ni prepuščena pacientu, marveč je lahko ali določena vnaprej ali pa jo lahko izbira terapevt med terapijo sam.The system of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the system is intended for virtual reality psychotherapy; that the patient is placed in some virtual environment that can stimulate one or more senses, that the choice of an algorithm for converting psychophysiological responses to psychological states is not left to the patient, but may be either determined in advance or may be selected by the therapist during therapy alone. 11. Sistem po zahtevkih od 1 do 9, ki je značilen po tem, da je namenjen razvedrilu in druženju, da sta dva glavna primera uporabe t.i. MMO (massively multiplayer online) navidezni svetovi in pa t.i. »social netvvorking« strani.The system of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it is intended for entertainment and socializing, that the two main use cases are e.g. MMOs (massively multiplayer online) virtual worlds and so on. Social networking sites. 12. Sistem po zahtevkih od 1 do 8, ki je značilen po tem, da je uporabljen kot osebni sistem za spremljanje lastnega psihološkega stanja, da namen te aplikacije ni prenos informacij o psihološkem stanju na drugo lokacijo, da so informacije namenjene predvsem osebi, na katero so senzorji nameščeni.System according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it is used as a personal system for monitoring one's own psychological state, that the purpose of this application is not to transfer information about the psychological state to another location, that the information is intended primarily for the person to which sensors are installed.
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