SI21914A

SI21914A - Underlay plate with asymmetricity setting function for ski with expressed side curvature

Info

Publication number: SI21914A
Application number: SI200400333A
Authority: SI
Inventors: Igor Macek
Original assignee: Eiger D.O.O., Ljubljana
Priority date: 2004-12-06
Filing date: 2004-12-06
Publication date: 2006-06-30
Also published as: EP1850924A1; DE602005017430D1; ATE446796T1; US20090267324A1; EP1850924B1; WO2006062489A1

Abstract

An underlay plate with asymmetricity setting function for ski with expressed side curvature enables skiing with the carving technique in a manner that the skis run in a turn along two parallel lines - sections of two concentric circles in ideal conditions - while a skier does not need additional energy to maintain parallel position of the skis and can carry out a turn without unwanted vibrations at normal, not highly increased body activity. In the underlay plate with asymmetricity setting function for ski with expressed side curvature, which consists of a front part (1), rear part (24) and a switch-over assembly (5), the setting of asymmetricity - which means the determination of the left and the right ski - is carried out within the switch-over assembly (5) consisting of a ball weight (17 and 18) assembly, two mechanical stoppers (25 and 26) and a housing on which a fine regulator in the form of aluminium piston (6) with a magnet (19) is moving. The weight assembly, composed of one steel ball (18) and one soft, easily compressible rubber or similar material ball (17), is adjusted by allocation of the said two balls and by means of setting of the said side mechanical stoppers. Gravity-induced displacement of the balls (17) and (18) within the weight assembly determines, which ski is the interior and which the exterior one in the turn. The underlay plate allows maximum possible bending to the interior ski, while it is limiting continuously the line of bending to the exterior ski, increasing thus slightly the radius of the circle in a turn so that the traces of the turn are two parallel curves similar to sections of two concentric circles displaced for the distance between the skis.

Description

Področje tehnikeThe field of technology

Izum sodi v področje smučarske opreme, bolj natančno v področje pripomočkov za pritrditev varnostnih vezi in za izboljšanje voznih lastnosti alpskih smuči z izrazitim stranskim lokom. Tehnični problemThe invention belongs to the field of ski equipment, more specifically to the field of accessories for securing safety ties and for improving the driving characteristics of alpine skis with a distinct lateral arch. A technical problem

Tehnični problem je konstrukcijska rešitev podložne plošče med smučko in vezjo, ki omogoča smučanje z zarezno tehniko tako, da smučki pri zavoju tečeta po dveh vzporednih linijah, ki sta v idealnih razmerah odseka koncentričnih krožnic, in da smučar pri tem ne potrebuje dodatne energije za vzdrževanje paralelne drže smuči. Poleg tega mora rešitev omogočati izpeljavo idealnega zareznega zavoja brez neželenih vibracij tudi pri normalni, ne močno povečani telesni aktivnosti. Rešitev mora biti tudi tehnološko enostavna ter ekonomsko sprejemljiva.A technical problem is the design solution of the pad between the ski and the circuit, which allows skiing with the notch technique so that the skis run on two parallel lines during the turn, which are ideally a section of concentric circles, and that the ski does not require additional energy for maintenance parallel hold the skis. In addition, the solution must allow the ideal notch turn to be performed without unwanted vibration even during normal, not significantly increased physical activity. The solution must also be technologically simple and economically viable.

Desetletja je smučarska tehnika temeljila na izpeljavi zavoja po eni sami, zunanji smučki. Sled takega zavoja v snegu je ena sama črta. Z zarezno tehniko smučanja, ki jo omogočajo smuči z izrazitim stranskim lokom, smuča smučar po obeh, praktično enako obremenjenih smučeh, ki imata enak nagibni kot glede na snežno podlago in ki naredita v steptanem snegu sled dveh vzporednih lokov, razmaknjenih toliko, kolikor je razmaknjena drža nog, to je okoli 0,5 m pri intenzivnem zavijanju in večji hitrosti. Pravi zarezni zavoj je mogoč le, če sta oblika in deformacija sistema smučke in podložne plošče taki, da povzročita idealno ukrivljeno obliko robnika smučke, čim bolj podobno odseku krožnice. S tako ukrivljenim robnikom smučar dobesedno zareže v snežno podlago, sledi tako izpeljanih idealnih zavojev pa sta dve vzporedni krivulji, čim bolj podobni odsekoma krožnic dveh koncentričnih krogov.For decades, the ski technique has been based on turning a single ski, an external ski. The trail of such a turn in the snow is a single line. With a notch ski technique made possible by skis with a pronounced lateral arch, the skier is on both, practically equally loaded skis, which have the same inclination as with the snow base and which in trace snow make a trace of two parallel arches spaced as far apart as possible. the posture of the legs, that is, about 0.5 m in intense cornering and higher speed. A real notch is only possible if the shape and deformation of the ski and washer system are such that they produce the perfect curved shape of the ski curb as closely as possible to the section of the circle. With such a curved edge, the skier literally cuts into the snow base, and the traces of such perfect turns are two parallel curves, as close as possible to the sections of circles of two concentric circles.

Zaradi fizikalnih omejitev in iz njih izvirajočih problemov je težko izpeljati idealen zarezni zavoj. Za pojasnitev je na sliki 5 predstavljen primer tipičnega intenzivnega zareznega zavoja z radijem 5 m ter razdaljo med notranjo in zunanjo smučko v zavoju 0,5 m. Smučki sta enako obremenjeni, to pomeni, da nosi vsaka polovico smučarjeve teže Fg, in imata enak nagibni kot a glede na snežno podlago. Če obravnavamo notranjo in zunanjo smučko ločeno kot dva samostojna sistema, je iz slike 5 razvidno, da smučar z notranjo in zunanjo smučko izpelje podoben zavoj, krožnici imata enak radij in sta med seboj razmaknjeni za razdaljo med smučmi (0,5 m). Vendar se približno na sredini zavoja krožnici sekata, ker smučki ne tečeta po dveh vzporednih linijah po celem zavoju, temveč sta na začetku zavoja vzporedni, proti sredini zavoja pa se plužno zapirata. To pomeni, da mora smučar kmalu po začetku zavoja uporabiti svojo lastno mišično energijo, da drži smučki vzporedno.Due to the physical limitations and the resulting problems, it is difficult to derive the ideal notch turn. To illustrate, an example of a typical intense notch turn with a radius of 5 m is presented in Figure 5 and a distance of 0.5 m between the inner and outer skis. The skis are equally loaded, meaning that they carry each half of the skier's weight Fg, and have the same inclination as a with respect to the snow base. If we consider the inner and outer skis separately as two separate systems, it can be seen from Figure 5 that the skier with the inner and outer skis make a similar turn, the circles have the same radius and are spaced apart by the distance between the skis (0.5 m). However, at the middle of the bend, the circles intersect because the skis do not run in two parallel lines all over the bend, but are parallel at the beginning of the turn and close to the center of the bend. This means that shortly after the start of the turn, the skier must use his or her own muscle energy to hold the skis in parallel.

Zlasti pri izpeljavi zavojev po težavnem terenu, pri večjih hitrostih in v kočljivih situacijah med vožnjo, pa tudi zaradi ergonomskih značilnosti človeškega telesa se obremenitev zunanje smučke v zavoju poveča v primerjavi z obremenitvijo notranje smučke, posledično se zato zmanjša obremenitev notranje, pa tudi nastavek robnika zunanje smučke postane večji od nastavka robnika notranje smučke. Iz slike 6 je razvidno, da je rezultanta sil na zunanjo smučko večja, zato se zunanja smučka bolj upogne. Zaradi povečanega upogiba zunanje smučke in večjega kota njenega naklona na snežno podlago zareže robnik zunanje smučke v podlago krivuljo, podobno krožnici z radijem, ki je manjši od radija želenega zavoja, predvsem pa manjši od radija krožnice, ki jo zareže notranja, manj obremenjena in manj nagnjena smučka. Posledica opisane situacije je, da mora smučar vložiti še več notranje energije, da drži smuči vzporedno in da vseskozi izvaja korekcije zavoja, pri tem pa liniji teka obeh smuči postajata vse manj podobni krožnicama. Narušeno je občutljivo dinamično ravnotežje smučarja, prihaja do zaostajanja ene od smuči in do rotacij zgornjega dela telesa, predvsem pa smučar ne izpelje zavoja, ki si ga je zamislil, izgublja hitrost in ravnotežje, porabi ogromno energije in se hitro utrudi.Particularly when taking turns on difficult terrain, at higher speeds and in tricky driving situations, but also because of the ergonomic characteristics of the human body, the load on the outer ski in the turn increases compared to the load on the inner ski, and consequently the load on the inside as well as on the curb extension the outer ski becomes larger than the edge extension of the inner ski. Figure 6 shows that the resultant force on the outer ski is larger, so the outer ski flexes more. Due to the increased bending of the outer ski and the greater angle of its inclination to the snow base, the edge of the outer ski cuts into the base a curve similar to a circle with a radius smaller than the radius of the desired bend, but especially smaller than the radius of the circle cut by the inner, less stressed and less inclined ski. The consequence of the described situation is that the skier has to invest even more internal energy to hold the skis in parallel and to make constant correction of the turn, making the running lines of both skis less and less like circles. The delicate dynamic balance of the skier is disturbed, one of the skis lags behind and the upper body rotates, but above all the skier does not make the turn he envisaged, loses speed and balance, consumes a lot of energy and gets tired quickly.

Na sliki 7 je prikazan primer poteka idealnega zareznega zavoja, pri katerem tečeta smučki vseskozi po vzporednih linijah, smučar je v dinamičnem ravnotežju, ni nepotrebne porabe notranje energije za ohranitev vzporedne lege smučk, poleg tega pa je to najhitrejši način izpeljave zavoja, kar je zlasti pomembno za tekmovalce v alpskem smučanju. Teoretično bi z doslej znano opremo lahko tak primer zavoja izpeljal le odličen smučar, ki bi bil sposoben bolj kot zunanjo smučko obremeniti notranjo smučko v zavoju in istočasno povečati nastavek notranje smučke v primerjavi z zunanjo za več stopinj. To pa je z ergonomskega vidika zelo težko izvedljivo, za večino smučarjev celo neizvedljivo, in vodi v veliko dinamično nestabilnost. Podložna plošča z vgrajeno funkcijo nastavitve asimetričnosti, ki je predmet izuma, omogoča izpeljavo takih idealnih zavojev smučarjem vseh vrst, od rekreativnih smučarjev do tekmovalcev, odvisno od nastavitev, ki jih izum nudi.Figure 7 shows an example of an ideal notch turn in which the skis run all the way in parallel lines, the skier is in dynamic equilibrium, there is no unnecessary use of internal energy to maintain the parallel position of the skis, and it is the fastest way of performing the turn, which is especially important for alpine skiers. Theoretically, with the equipment known so far, such an example of a turn could be made only by an excellent skier, who would be able to load the inner ski in a bend more than an external ski and at the same time increase the extension of the inner ski compared to the outer ski by several degrees. From an ergonomic point of view, this is very difficult to do, even impossible for most skiers, and leads to great dynamic instability. The pad, with the integrated asymmetry adjustment function of the invention, allows such ideal turns to be made for skiers of all types, from recreational skiers to competitors, depending on the settings provided by the invention.

Znano stanje tehnikeThe prior art

Znane so podložne plošče, na primer plošča World Cup-Air italijanskega proizvajalca Vist, zasnovane tako, da smučarju nudijo osnovno funkcijo podloge pod varnostno vezjo, ki dvigne smučarja, da v zavoju ne zadane s čevljem v sneg, in mu s tem omogoča, da obdrži kar največ naravnega upogiba smučke, poleg tega pa še blažijo vibracije.Pads are known, for example, the World Cup-Air board of the Italian manufacturer Vist, designed to provide the skier with the basic function of a pad under a safety harness that lifts the skier so that he does not hit his shoe in the snow and thus allows him to retains maximum natural bending of the skis and also dampens vibration.

V patentu US 6,659,493 je opisana plošča za pritrditev vezi na snežne smuči ali na snežno desko, ki omogoča boljše zavijanje, izboljšuje fleksibilnost smuči oziroma deske ter zagotavlja boljšo absorbcijo vibracij. Pritrditvena plošča je univerzalna, to pomeni, da se lahko uporabi pri vseh tipih smuči in desk ter pri vseh tipih vezi, njene prednosti pa so najbolj opazne pri smučeh z izrazitim stranskim lokom. Naštete značilnosti plošče omogočata dva <5 vezna segmenta, izdelana v obliki elastičnega sloja iz gume ali silikona, v katerem je vzdolž prečne osi, ki je pravokotna na vzdolžno os smučke, nameščen trden podporni element, ki deli elastični sloj na dva dela, od katerih se eden pri upogibu smučke stisne, drugi pa raztegne. Poleg tega se lahko oba vezna segmenta, ki sta povezana prek svoje zgornje ploskve, vzdolžno premikata v elastičnem sloju.U.S. Patent 6,659,493 discloses a mounting plate for snowboards or a snowboard that provides better cornering, improves ski or board flexibility, and provides better vibration absorption. The mounting plate is universal, meaning that it can be used on all types of skis and boards and on all types of ties, and its advantages are most noticeable for skis with a prominent lateral arch. The aforementioned features of the board are made possible by two <5 bond segments made in the form of an elastic layer of rubber or silicone, in which a rigid support element is placed along the transverse axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the ski, dividing the elastic layer into two parts, of which one flexes the ski while flexing and the other stretches. In addition, the two bonding segments, which are connected via their upper surface, can move longitudinally in an elastic layer.

Podložna plošča, opisana v DE 198 43 866 A1, zagotavlja optimalno linijo pri zavijanju smuči z izrazitim stranskim lokom s tem, da je položaj smučarskega čevlja zvišan in je zato zmanjšana možnost, da se pri večjem nastavku smuči pri zavijanju smučarski čevelj dotakne snežne steze in s tem povzroči izgubo oprijema robnika, poleg tega je plošča na smučko pritrjena s pomočjo dveh ležajnih sestavov, ki ji omogočata določeno premikanje v vzdolžni smeri in določen hod glede na njeno prečno os.The pad described in DE 198 43 866 A1 provides the optimum line when skiing with a pronounced lateral arch, with the position of the ski boot elevated and thus reducing the possibility of the ski boot being touched by the snow shoe when turning larger. this causes the edge of the curb to be lost, and the plate is fixed to the ski by two bearing assemblies, which allow it to move in a longitudinal direction and to make a certain move in relation to its transverse axis.

Naprava za izboljšanje učinkovitosti in vodljivosti smuči, opisana v US 5,758,894, ima dva podolgovata ploščata elementa, ki imata posebno obliko in sta na poseben način nameščena na predelu med prstnim in petnim sklopom smučarskih vezi ter imata na eni strani sklopne člene za pritrditev na smuči, na drugi strani pa zadrževalne člene, ki omogočajo vzdolžno drsenje omenjenih podolgovatih ploščatih elementov glede na smučko. Naprava ves čas vzdržuje isti relativni položaj (v težišču) med čevljem in smučko, zato je možnost vodenja smuči vedno optimalna.The ski performance and handling enhancement device described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,758,894 has two elongated, flat-shaped elements that are specially positioned in the region between the toe and heel set of ski ties and have, on one side, coupling members for mounting on the ski, on the other hand, retaining members which allow the longitudinal sliding of said elongated plate members with respect to the ski. The device maintains the same relative position (in the center of gravity) between the shoe and the ski at all times, so the possibility of skiing is always optimal.

Poznane podložne plošče za smuči zagotavljajo poleg dviga smučarja in primernega odmika smučarskega čevlja od snežne podlage v zavojih nekatere dodatne funkcije, na primer blaženje vibracij, večjo fleksibilnost smuči ali boljšo vodljivost. Podložna plošča po pričujočem izumu rešuje, za razliko od znanih zasnov podložnih plošč ali podložnih naprav, problem izpeljave idealnega zavoja s smučmi z izrazitim stranskim lokom tako, da smučar brez nepotrebne porabe energije in izvajanja korekcij izpelje idealen zarezni zavoj in so sledi smučk na snežni podlagi vseskozi vzporedne, saj smuči ne silijo v plužno zapiranje proti sredini zavoja. Plošča po pričujočem izumu s svojo konstrukcijo nastavljive povratne zanke deluje tudi kot aktivni dušilec nezaželenih vibracij prednjega in zadnjega dela smuči.The well-known ski pads provide some additional features in addition to lifting the ski and adequately moving the ski boot away from the snow base in turns, such as vibration damping, greater ski flexibility or better handling. The soleplate of the present invention solves, unlike the known designs of washers or washers, the problem of deriving an ideal turn with skis with a distinct lateral arch so that the skier, without unnecessary energy consumption and performing corrections, performs an ideal notch turn and tracks of snow-based skis. always parallel, as the skis do not force the lungs to close towards the center of the bend. The plate of the present invention, with its adjustable feedback design, also acts as an active dampener for the unwanted vibrations of the front and rear skis.

Zavijanje, prikazano na sliki 7, je mogoče primerjati s situacijo, ki nastane pri zavijanju z avtomobilom. Zavoj po eni sami smučki je primerljiv z zavijanjem pri motociklu, zavoj po dveh vzporednih, razmaknjenih smučeh pa z zavijanjem pri avtomobilu. Medtem ko je zavijanje z motociklom fizikalno enostavno, je zavijanje z avtom, to je s parom sprednjih razmaknjenih krmilnih koles, mogoče idealno izpeljati le z uporabo Ackermannovega principa ločeno vpetih koles, pri katerem ob zavijanju potuje notranje kolo po manjšem krogu kot zunanje. To se doseže z večjim kotom zasuka notranjega kolesa v primerjavi z zunanjim kolesom. Ackermannov izum uporabljajo praktično vsi avtomobili že stoletje. Njegova ideja ločenega, drugačnega gibanja notranjega in zunanjega kolesa pri zavijanju je bila navdih za rešitev podobnega problema pri izpeljavi zavojev s smučmi z izrazitim stranskim lokom.The turn shown in Figure 7 can be compared to the situation when turning the car. Turning on a single ski is comparable to turning on a motorcycle, and turning on two parallel, spaced skis with turning on a car. While turning on a motorcycle is physically easy, turning with a car, that is, with a pair of front-spaced steering wheels, can ideally be accomplished only by using the Ackermann principle of separately engaged wheels, where the inner wheel travels around a smaller circle than the outer one when turning. This is achieved by a larger angle of rotation of the inner wheel compared to the outer wheel. Ackermann's invention has been used by virtually all cars for a century. His idea of a separate, different movement of the inner and outer wheels when cornering was an inspiration to solve a similar problem in making ski turns with a distinct lateral arch.

Opis rešitve tehničnega problemaDescription of solution to a technical problem

Bistvena karakteristika podložne plošče med vezjo in smučko z izrazitim stranskim lokom z vgrajeno funkcijo nastavitve asimetričnosti je v tem, da ima podložna plošča posebno konstrukcijo in da je fiksno vpeta na smučko samo v eni liniji v sprednjem delu plošče pod začetkom sprednjega dela varnostne vezi, medtem ko je v treh prečnih linijah vpeta elastično in s tem omogoča smučki, da obdrži svojo maksimalno naravno upogljivost. Funkcija asimetričnosti smučke, to pomeni določitev notranje oziroma zunanje smučke in posledično drugačnega obnašanja notranje in zunanje smučke, se realizira v preklopnem sestavu podložne plošče s pomočjo utežnega elementa, ki ga tvorita bodisi ena jeklena in ena mehka kroglica iz gume ali podobnega materiala ali pa ena sama jeklena kroglica. Konstrukcija podložne plošče po izumu zagotavlja tudi učinkovito dušenje neželenih vibracij.An essential feature of the washer between the circuit and the ski with a distinct lateral arch with the built-in asymmetry adjustment feature is that the washer has a special construction and is fixed to the ski only in one line in the front of the board at the beginning of the front of the safety tie, while when tightened in three transverse lines to allow the ski to maintain its maximum natural flexibility. The function of asymmetry of the ski, that is, determining the inner or outer ski and, consequently, the different behavior of the inner and outer ski, is realized in the switching assembly of the base plate by means of a weighting element formed either by one steel and one soft ball of rubber or similar material, or by one the steel ball itself. The construction of the washer plate according to the invention also provides effective damping of unwanted vibrations.

Podložna plošča z vgrajeno funkcijo asimetričnosti po izumu je v nadaljevanju podrobneje opisana s pomočjo slik, na katerih so prikazani:The washer plate with the built-in asymmetry function of the invention is described in more detail below by means of the figures which show:

Slika 1 - vzdolžni prerez podložne plošče, pritrjene na smučki Slika 2 - tloris podložne plošče, pritrjene na smučki Slika 3 - tloris podložne plošče s prekrivno ploščoFigure 1 - Longitudinal cross-section of a ski-mounted washer Figure 2 - Floor plan of a ski-mounted pad Figure 3 - Under-floor plan with an overlay

Slika 4a - preklopni sestav z dvema kroglicama ter delovanje leve in desne smučke v zavojihFigure 4a - Two-ball switching assembly and left and right ski operation in turns

Slika 4b - preklopni sestav z eno jekleno kroglico ter delovanje leve in desne smučke v zavojihFigure 4b - switching assembly with one steel ball and the operation of left and right turns in turns

Slika 5 - skica primera 1 izpeljave zavojaFigure 5 - sketch of Example 1 of the turn

Slika 6 - skica primera 2 izpeljave zavojaFigure 6 - sketch of Example 2 of the turn derivation

Slika 7 - skica izpeljave zavoja pri uporabi podložne plošče po izumuFig. 7 is a sketch of the turn of the turn when using the washer according to the invention

Predmet izuma je podložna plošča za pritrditev vezi na vzdolžno simetrične smuči z izrazitim stranskim lokom. Podložna plošča po izumu se pritrdi na smučko v štirih prečnih linijah, I, II, III in IV, na osmih mestih. Samo v liniji I na začetku sprednjega dela plošče je pritrditev fiksna, v ostalih treh linijah, II, III in IV, proti koncu plošče pa je pritrditev vzdolžno elastična, tako da omogoča maksimalni naravni upogib obremenjene smučke, pri čemer se podložna plošča, odvisno od obremenitve in posledično od upogiba smučke, ob minimalnem trenju vzdolžno premika po smučki.The subject of the invention is a washer for attaching ties to longitudinally symmetrical skis with a prominent lateral arch. The baseplate according to the invention is fixed to the ski in four transverse lines, I, II, III and IV, in eight places. Only in line I at the beginning of the front of the board is the attachment fixed, in the other three lines, II, III and IV, and towards the end of the board, the attachment is longitudinally elastic, allowing maximum natural flexion of the loaded ski, with the support plate depending on load and consequently from bending of the ski, with minimal friction, it moves along the ski longitudinally.

Podložna plošča ima napenjalo 4 vzmeti 16, vzmet 16, preklopni sestav 5, zadnji vzvod 12, povratno ročico 10 in zadnjo ročico 11. Preklopni sestav 5 sestoji iz utežnega sklopa kroglic in 18, dveh mehanskih omejevalnikov 25 in 26 ter ohišja, po katerem se premika fini regulator v obliki aluminijastega bata 6 z magnetom 19. Omenjeni sestavni deli podložne plošče tvorijo kompleksen mehanski sistem, ki omogoča izpeljavo idealnih zavojev v zarezni tehniki po dveh vzporednih krivuljah, podobnih odsekoma krožnic koncentričnih krogov, razmaknjenih za razdaljo med smučkama. Izpeljava zavoja je kompleksno fizikalno dogajanje, na katero vpliva veliko spremenljivk, kot so značilnosti terena, vrsta snega, hitrost izvedbe zavojev, znanje in psihofizične lastnosti smučarja.The washer has a tensioner 4 of springs 16, spring 16, changeover assembly 5, rear lever 12, return lever 10 and rear lever 11. The changeover assembly 5 consists of a weighting assembly of beads and 18, two mechanical stops 25 and 26 and a housing according to which moves a fine regulator in the shape of an aluminum piston 6 with a magnet 19. These components of the washer form a complex mechanical system that allows the ideal turns to be made in notch by two parallel curves, similar to sections of concentric circles spaced by the distance between skis. Turning is a complex physical event that is influenced by many variables, such as terrain characteristics, type of snow, speed of turns, knowledge and psycho-physical characteristics of the skier.

Podložna plošča z vgrajeno funkcijo nastavitve asimetričnosti je sestavljena iz sprednjega dela 1, zadnjega dela 24 in preklopnega sestava 5. Notranjost preklopnega sestava 5 mora biti vodotesna, zato so na stranskih omejevalnikih tesnila; aluminijasti bat z magnetom 6 vstopa v notranjost sestava 5 prav tako preko tesnila, na vrhu pa je sestav nepredušno zaprt s tanko plastjo kaljenega stekla ali podobnih materialov. Omenjeni deli podložne plošče so prednostno izdelani iz plastičnih mas, aluminija, raznih zlitin ali kompozitnih materialov. Nanje je privijačena nekaj milimetrov debela prekrivna plošča 3 iz aluminija, zlitin ali podobnih materialov. Materiali, iz katerih je izdelana podložna plošča, morajo biti čim lažji, vendar trdni. Podložna plošča je na smučko 2 pritrjena v štirih prečnih linijah, kot je razvidno iz tehnične risbe na sliki 2. V liniji I je plošča fiksno pritrjena na smučko z vijačno zvezo, v liniji II je luknja v sprednjem delu 1 podložne plošče posebne ovalne oblike in z uporabo dveh enostavnih distančnikov omogoča manjše vzdolžno gibanje, v linijah lil in IV pa je zadnji del 24 podložne plošče pritrjen na smučko s pomočjo večjih distančnikov in posebno oblikovanih utorov 20 na zadnjem delu 24 plošče. Opisani način pritrditve podložne plošče omogoča poljubno vzdolžno gibanje podložne plošče, medtem ko podložna plošča v stranski in vertikalni smeri ni gibljiva. Pri upogibanju smučke se zato podložna plošča tudi s pomočjo dveh prečnih izrezov 9 na sprednjem in zadnjem delu plošče prosto premika in prilagaja zgornji upognjeni ploskvi smučke, pri čemer je maksimalni premik zadnjega dela 24 podložne plošče pri maksimalnem upogibu smučke več kot 5 milimetrov. Za zmanjšanje trenja je pod zadnji del 24 plošče nameščena tanka podloga 27 iz nerjavne pločevine debeline 0,4 mm.The washer plate with built-in asymmetry adjustment function consists of a front part 1, a rear part 24 and a switch assembly 5. The inside of the switch assembly 5 must be watertight, so there are seals on the side limiters; an aluminum piston with magnet 6 enters the interior of the assembly 5 also via a gasket, at the top of which the assembly is airtightly sealed with a thin layer of tempered glass or similar materials. Said parts of the washer are preferably made of plastics, aluminum, various alloys or composite materials. They are screwed with a few millimeters thick cover plate 3 of aluminum, alloys or similar materials. The materials used to make the washer should be as light but solid as possible. The base plate is fixed to the ski 2 in four transverse lines, as shown in the technical drawing in Figure 2. In line I the plate is fixed to the ski with a screw connection, in line II there is a hole in the front part 1 of the base plate of a special oval shape and using two simple spacers allows for smaller longitudinal movement, and in the lines lil and IV, the back of the washer 24 is attached to the ski by means of larger spacers and specially shaped grooves 20 on the back of the 24. The described mounting method of the washer allows for any longitudinal movement of the washer, while the washer is not movable in the lateral and vertical directions. When bending the ski, therefore, the base plate also freely moves with the help of two transverse notches 9 at the front and back of the plate, adapting to the upper bent surface of the ski, with a maximum displacement of the rear portion 24 of the base plate with a maximum bending of the ski over 5 millimeters. To reduce the friction, a thin base of stainless steel sheet thickness of 0.4 mm is placed under the back of the panel 24.

Sprednji del 1 podložne plošče ima v sredini izdelan vzdolžni utor, po katerem potuje ročica 14 napenjala 4. Napenjalo 4 vzmeti 16 je sestavljeno iz ohišja, ki je na izbranem mestu privijačeno na sprednji del smuči, ter iz prečno vpetega nosilca 15 ročice 14, ki je narejen tako, da omogoča spreminjanje dolžine ročice 14 in s tem napenjanje vzmeti 16. Vzmet 16 elastično pritiska na preklopni sestav 5, ki ima prečni utor, po katerem pri nagibanju smuči zaradi gravitacije potujeta jeklena kroglica 18 in mehka kroglica 17. Delovanje preklopnega sestava 5 s stranskima omejevalnikoma 25 in 26 je razvidno iz slike 4a, ki predstavlja bistvo izuma, saj se z razporeditvijo kroglic 17 in 18 ter z nastavitvijo stranskih omejevalnikov 25 in 26 določi, katera od sicer simetričnih smučk bo leva in katera desna, gravitacijsko pogojeno gibanje kroglic pa posledično določi, katera smučka je v zavoju notranja in katera zunanja.The front part 1 of the washer has a longitudinal groove in the middle, through which the lever 14 of the tensioner 4 travels. The tensioner 4 of the spring 16 consists of a housing which is screwed to the front of the ski at the selected location, and of a transversely fastened bracket 15 of the lever 14, which it is designed to allow the length of the lever 14 to be varied, thereby tensioning the spring 16. The spring 16 presses elastically on a switching assembly 5 having a transverse groove through which a steel ball 18 and a soft ball 17 travel when gravity is tilted. 5 with the side restraints 25 and 26 can be seen from Figure 4a, which is the essence of the invention, because by arranging the balls 17 and 18 and by setting the side restraints 25 and 26 it is determined which of the otherwise symmetrical skis will be left and which right, gravitationally conditioned motion consequently, the ball determines which ski is inside and which ski is inside.

Če je smučka notranja v zavoju, se vzpostavi zveza med napenjalom 4, nosilcem 15 ročice 14, ročico 14, vzmetjo 16, preklopnim sestavom 5, mehko gumijasto kroglico 17, finim regulatorjem v obliki aluminijastega bata 6 ter povratno ročico 10 z vzvodom 12. Pri upogibu smučke se namreč podložna plošča premakne vzdolžno po smučki in preko spodnje zadnje ročice 11 pritisne na vzvod 12 v ohišju 13, kar povzroči delovanje vzvoda 12, ki obrne smer gibanja saj se povratna ročica 10 giblje v nasprotni smeri kot podložna plošča in, odvisno od razmerja ročic vzvoda, zveča amplitudo premika zadnjega dela podložne plošče. Pri ekstremnem upogibu smučke se zadnji konec podložne plošče premakne tudi več kot 5 mm v smeri zadnjega dela smuči, pri razmerju ročic vzvoda 1 : 3 pa to pomeni, da se povratna ročica 10 pomakne v smeri proti prednjemu delu smuči za več kot 15 mm. Na začetku povratne ročice 10 je nameščen fini regulator v obliki aluminijastega bata 6 z magnetom 19, ki preko tesnila vstopa v ohišje preklopnega sestava 5 in glede na amplitudo gibanja povratne zanke bolj ali manj pritiska na gravitacijske elemente. Ker je mehka kroglica 17 iz gume ali podobnih materialov lahko stisljiva, je pri vzpostavljeni povratni zanki preko kroglice 17 upogib smučke praktično neoviran in posledično maksimalen.If the ski is internally in a bend, a connection is made between the tensioner 4, the arm 15 of the arm 14, the arm 14, the spring 16, the switching assembly 5, the soft rubber ball 17, the fine regulator in the form of an aluminum piston 6, and the return arm 10 with the lever 12. namely, the bending of the ski moves the washer plate longitudinally along the ski and presses the lever 12 in the housing 13 through the lower rear lever 11, which causes the lever 12 to reverse the direction of movement as the return lever 10 moves in the opposite direction to the base plate and, depending on leverage ratio increases the displacement amplitude of the rear of the washer plate. In extreme ski bending, the rear end of the washer also moves more than 5 mm in the direction of the rear of the ski, and at a lever ratio of 1: 3, this means that the return lever 10 moves more than 15 mm in the direction of the front of the ski. At the beginning of the return lever 10, a fine regulator in the form of an aluminum piston 6 with a magnet 19 is mounted, which through the seal enters the housing of the switching assembly 5 and, depending on the amplitude of the movement of the feedback loop, more or less pressure on the gravitational elements. Because the soft ball 17 made of rubber or similar materials is easily compressible, the deflection of the ski is practically unobstructed and consequently maximal when the feedback loop is reached through ball 17.

Če pa je smučka zunanja v zavoju, se zgoraj opisana zveza med krajnima elementoma, to je med napenjalom 4 in vzvodom 12, vzpostavi preko jeklene kroglice 18, ki jo vzvod 12 preko povratne ročice 10 s finim regulatorjem v obliki aluminijastega bata 6 z magnetom 19 potiska v ohišje preklopnega sestava 5. Ta je s pomočjo distančnikov vpet v vodila 23 na prekrivni plošči 3. Vpetje omogoča vzdolžno gibanje preklopnega sestava 5 le v smeri proti glavni delovni vzmeti 16. Večji upogib smučke tako povzroči večji pritisk prednje strani preklopnega sestava 5 v delovno vzmet 16, katere jakost nastavljamo z nosilcem 15 ročice 14. Magnet 19 poskrbi za centriranje jeklene kroglice 18 točno v središče bata 6.However, if the ski is external in the turn, the connection described above between the end elements, that is, between the tensioner 4 and the lever 12, is established through a steel ball 18 which is lever 12 through a fine-tuned piston arm 6 in the form of an aluminum piston 6 with a magnet 19 it pushes into the switch housing 5. This is secured by the spacers to the guides 23 on the cover plate 3. The clamp allows longitudinal movement of the switch assembly 5 only in the direction of the main work spring 16. The greater bending of the ski thus causes more pressure on the front of the switch assembly 5 in. a working spring 16, the strength of which is adjusted by the carrier 15 of the lever 14. The magnet 19 arranges the steel ball 18 exactly in the center of the piston 6.

V začetni fazi zavoja, ko smučar nagne smuči, podložna plošča prepozna notranjo oziroma zunanjo smučko v danem zavoju. Notranji smučki podložna plošča dovoli kar se da maksimalni upogib, medtem ko pri zunanji smučki zvezno omejuje upogibno linijo in ji tako v zavoju rahlo poveča radij krožnice. Sledi tako izpeljanega zavoja sta dve vzporedni krivulji, podobni odsekoma krožnic koncentričnih krogov, ki sta razmaknjeni za razdaljo med smučmi.In the initial phase of the turn, when the skier tilts the skis, the pad recognizes the internal or external ski in a given turn. The inner skis allow the base plate to flex as much as possible, while for the outer skis it limits the bending line continuously, thus slightly increasing the radius of the circle in the turn. Following this turn, there are two parallel curves similar to the sections of concentric circles that are spaced by the distance between the skis.

Opisano delovanje, prikazano na sliki 4a, je primerno za izvajanje daljših zavojev, to je zavojev z večjimi radiji in pri večjih hitrostih, in je zato primerno za veleslalom in hitre discipline. Z vidika dušenja vibracij je pomembno, da imata v vsakem zavoju tako notranja kot zunanja smučka sklenjeno povratno zanko preko jeklene ali mehke kroglice, s čimer je poskrbljeno za kar najhitrejše iznihanje neželenih vibracij prednjega in zadnjega dela smuči.The operation described in Figure 4a is suitable for performing longer turns, i.e., turns with higher radii and at higher speeds, and is therefore suitable for giant slalom and fast disciplines. From the point of view of vibration damping, it is important that in each turn, both internal and external skis have a feedback loop through a steel or soft ball, which ensures that the unwanted vibrations of the front and rear of the skis are eliminated as quickly as possible.

Na sliki 4b je prikazano delovanje preklopnega sestava 5, v katerem je ena sama jeklena kroglica, omejena na eni strani s kratkim omejevalnikom, 25 in 26, na drugi strani pa s /Figure 4b shows the operation of a switching assembly 5 in which a single steel ball is confined on one side with a short stop, 25 and 26, and on the other side with /

stranskim dolgim omejevalnikom 30. Taka izbira je primerna za izvajanje ekstremnih zavojev in za tekmovanja v slalomu, to pomeni za izvajanje zavojev s kar najmanjšimi možnimi radiji pri velikem kotu nastavka smuči na snežno podlago, kjer se zahteva večja razlika upogiba med notranjo in zunanjo smučko. Z vidika dušenja vibracij je pri zunanji smučki vzpostavljena povratna zveza preko jeklene kroglice in s tem zagotovljeno primerno dušenje, notranja smučka v tem zavoju pa ostaja brez vzpostavljene povratne zanke, saj se fini regulator v obliki aluminijastega bata 6 prosto giblje po preklopnem sestavu 5 mimo umaknjene jeklene kroglice. Za primerno dušenje vibracij v tem primeru poskrbita prednje napenjalo 14 vzmeti in vzmet 16, ki deluje kot amortizer za prednji del smuči, medtem ko zadnji del smuči uporablja kot amortizer vzpostavljeno elastično vezo med zadnjim vzvodom 12 in povratno ročico 10 ter vzmetjo 8 povratne ročice 10. Tlačna spiralna vzmet 8 leži v vzdolžnem utoru na zadnjem delu 24 plošče. Skozi njo potuje povratna ročica 10. Vzmet 8 je na sprednjem delu omejena z vertikalno gibljivo zaporo 7 vzmeti, na zadnjem delu vzmeti 8 pa je nameščena blokada 21 vzmeti, s katero nastavimo začetno elastičnost vzmeti 8, med vožnjo pa vsak upogib smučke preko premika povratne ročice 10 in na njej nameščene blokade 21 dodatno pritisne na vzmet 8, v kateri se shrani energija, da na koncu zavoja, ko se upogib smučke zmanjša, pomaga kar najhitreje zravnati smučko. Podobno vlogo ima tudi glavna delovna vzmet 16, nameščena v vzdolžnem utoru prednjega dela 1 plošče, ki pri neobremenjeni, to je neupognjeni smučki, elastično pritiska v preklopni sestav 5, ki se zato nahaja v skrajni legi, kot mu dopušča način vpetja preko vodil 23. V trenutku, ko se smučka upogne, se zmanjša razdalja med napenjalom 4 vzmeti 16 in preklopnim sestavom 5, vzmet 16 se skrči, shranjena energija pa poskrbi za kar najhitrejše vračanje smučke v vzravnano lego.lateral limiter 30. This choice is suitable for extreme turns and slalom racing, ie for making turns with the smallest possible radii at a large angle of the ski attachment to the snow base, where a greater bending difference between indoor and outdoor skiing is required. In terms of vibration damping, the external ski is feedbacked via a steel ball to provide adequate damping, while the internal ski in this turn remains without a feedback loop, as the fine aluminum piston 6 controller moves freely through the switching assembly 5 bypassed steel balls. Suitable damping in this case is provided by a front spring 14 of a spring and a spring 16 that acts as a shock absorber for the front of the ski, while the rear of the ski uses as a shock absorber an elastic connection between the rear lever 12 and the return lever 10 and the spring 8 of the return lever 10 The pressure coil spring 8 lies in a longitudinal groove at the rear of the 24 panel. A return lever 10 passes through it. The spring 8 is limited at the front by a vertically movable spring lock 7, and at the rear of the spring 8 a spring 21 is mounted to adjust the initial spring elasticity of 8, while each bending of the ski via the backward movement the lever 10 and the locking blocks 21 mounted thereon additionally presses the spring 8 in which energy is stored to help balance the ski as quickly as possible when the bend is reduced. Similarly, the main working spring 16, mounted in the longitudinal groove of the front part 1 of the plate, which, when unloaded, i.e. unbent ski, is elastically pressed into the switching assembly 5, which is therefore in the extreme position, as permitted by the method of mounting via the guides 23 At the moment when the ski bends, the distance between the tensioner 4 of the spring 16 and the switching assembly 5 is reduced, the spring 16 shrinks, and the stored energy ensures that the ski returns to the upright position as quickly as possible.

Z izbiro tipa vzmeti 16 in z nastavljivo regulacijo napenjanja vzmeti dosežemo želeni diagram obnašanja vzmeti, to je želeno odvisnost skrčka vzmeti od sile potiska. S finim regulatorjem v obliki aluminijastega bata 6 lahko tudi natančno določimo, pri kakšnem upogibu smučke se vzpostavi povratna zveza preko jeklene kroglice in kako se obnašanje smučke spremeni, ter kdaj, kako in za koliko se zmanjša možnost prostega upogiba smučke in se tako smučarju omogoči, da zunanja smučka zariše v sneg nekoliko večjo krožnico kot notranja, tako da sta krožnici koncentrični, razmaknjeni za razdaljo med razklenjenimi smučmi.By selecting the spring type 16 and adjustable spring tension control, the desired spring behavior diagram is achieved, that is, the desired spring shrinkage dependence on the thrust force. A fine aluminum piston 6 controller can also be used to determine precisely when a ski bends back through a steel ball and how the behavior of the ski changes, and when, how and for how much free ski bending is reduced, allowing the skier, that the outer ski runs a slightly larger circle into the snow than the inner ski, so that the circles are concentric, spaced apart by the distance between the open skis.

Podložna plošča po izumu omogoča izpeljavo idealnih zavojev, potem ko si smučar na podlagi danih in zahtevanih parametrov, kot so tehnika smučanja, hitrost vožnje, telesna teža in fizična moč, vrsta terena in podlage, primerno nastavi naslednje nastavljive parametre na podložni plošči:The pad according to the invention enables the ideal turns to be made after the skier has properly adjusted the following adjustable parameters on the pad based on the given and required parameters such as skiing technique, running speed, body weight and physical strength, type of terrain and grounds:

- Jakost vzmeti v sprednjem delu plošče: jakost se nastavlja na napenjalu 4 vzmeti, točneje na nosilcu prednje ročice 15.- Front spring strength: Adjusts the spring tension of the 4 springs, specifically the front lever bracket 15.

- Prijemališče povratne zanke in gravitacijskega elementa: se nastavlja v okencu 28 podložne plošče z vrtenjem finega regulatorja v obliki aluminijastega bata 6.- Feedback loop and gravity element: adjustable in the base plate box 28 by turning a fine aluminum piston 6 knob.

- Razmerje ročic vzvoda 12: omogočeno je zvezno nastavljanje dolžine gornje ročice vzvoda in s tem nastavljanje razmerja med spodnjo in zgornjo ročico vzvoda, ki predstavlja faktor ojačanja. Gibanje zadnje ročice 11 v smeri zadnjega dela smuči z vzvodom obrnemo v nasprotno smer in povečamo s faktorjem vzvoda. Razmerje spodnje in zgornje ročice vzvoda 1 : 3 v praksi pomeni, da pri velikem upogibu smučke in posledično premiku zadnje ročice 11 za 5 mm z vzvodom spremenimo smer in ga zvečamo s faktorjem 3, kar pomeni premik povratne ročice v smeri proti prednjemu delu smuči za več kot 15 mm.- Lever lever ratio 12: The length of the upper lever lever can be adjusted continuously, thereby adjusting the ratio of the lower and upper lever levers to represent the gain factor. Move the rear lever 11 in the direction of the rear of the ski with the lever in the opposite direction and increase with the lever factor. The ratio of the lower and upper levers of the lever 1: 3 in practice means that when the ski is bent high and consequently the rear lever 11 is moved by 5 mm, the lever is reversed and increased by a factor of 3, which means that the reverse lever is moved in the direction towards the front of the ski. more than 15 mm.

Katera od sicer simetričnih smuči bo leva oziroma desna, se določi z razporeditvijo obeh kroglic in namestitvijo stranskih mehanskih omejevalnikov. V primeru, ko uporabimo eno samo jekleno kroglico, je določitev leve in desne smučke odvisna od tega, na katero stran namestimo daljši oziroma krajši stranski omejevalnik.Which of the otherwise symmetrical skis will be left or right is determined by the arrangement of the two balls and the installation of side mechanical restraints. In the case of using a single steel ball, the determination of the left and right skis depends on which side the longer or shorter side limiter is mounted on.

Claims

1. Podložna plošča s funkcijo nastavitve asimetričnosti smuči z izrazitim stranskim lokom, ki je sestavljena iz sprednjega dela 1, zadnjega dela 24 in preklopnega sestava 5, za katero je značilno, da se nastavitev asimetričnosti, to pomeni določitev leve oziroma desne smučke, izvede v preklopnem sestavu (5), ki sestoji iz utežnega sklopa kroglic (17 in 18), dveh mehanskih omejevalnikov (25 in 26) ter ohišja, po katerem se premika fini regulator v obliki aluminijastega bata (6) z magnetom (19); da se utežni sklop, ki ga sestavljata ena jeklena kroglica (18) in ena mehka, lahko stisljiva kroglica (17) iz gume ali podobnih materialov, nastavi z razporeditvijo omenjenih dveh kroglic (17, 18) ter s pomočjo nastavitve mehanskih stranskih omejevalnikov (25 in 26); da gravitacijsko pogojeno gibanje kroglic (17 in 18) utežnega sklopa določi, katera smučka je v zavoju notranja in katera zunanja, ter da notranji smučki podložna plošča dovoli kar se da maksimalni upogib, medtem ko pri zunanji smučki zvezno omejuje upogibno linijo in ji tako v zavoju rahlo poveča radij krožnice, tako da sta sledi zavoja dve vzporedni krivulji, podobni odsekoma krožnic koncentričnih krogov, ki sta razmaknjeni za razdaljo med smučmi.1. A pad with a function of asymmetric adjustment of skis with a prominent lateral arch consisting of a front part 1, a rear part 24 and a switching assembly 5, characterized in that the asymmetry adjustment, that is to say determining the left or right skis, is carried out in a switching assembly (5) consisting of a weighting assembly of beads (17 and 18), two mechanical stops (25 and 26) and a housing for moving a fine regulator in the form of an aluminum piston (6) with a magnet (19); that the weight assembly consisting of one steel ball (18) and one soft, easily compressible ball (17) made of rubber or similar materials is adjusted by arranging said two balls (17, 18) and by adjusting mechanical side restraints (25 and 26); that the gravitationally determined motion of the balls (17 and 18) of the weighting assembly determines which ski is inwardly bent and which of the bends, and that the inner skis allow the base plate to flex as much as possible, while for the outer ski it continuously limits the bending line and thus the curve slightly increases the radius of the circle so that there are two parallel curves along the curve, similar to the sections of concentric circles that are spaced by the distance between the skis.

2. Podložna plošča po zahtevku 1, za katero je značilno, da je notranjost preklopnega sestava (5) vodotesna in da je nepredušnost zagotovljena s tesnili na stranskih omejevalnikih (25 in 26), s tesnilom ob vstopu aluminijastega bata (6) z magnetom (19) v notranjosti preklopnega sestava (5) in s tanko plastjo kaljenega stekla ali podobnih materialov na vrhu preklopnega sestava (5).Support plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the interior of the switching assembly (5) is watertight and is sealed by seals on the side stops (25 and 26), with a seal at the inlet of the aluminum piston (6) with a magnet ( 19) inside the switch assembly (5) and with a thin layer of toughened glass or similar materials on top of the switch assembly (5).

3. Podložna plošča po zahtevkih 1 in 2, za katero je značilno, da se podložna plošča pritrdi na smučko (2) v štirih prečnih linijah (I, II, II, IV) tako, da je pritrditev fiksna, in sicer izvedena z vijačno zvezo, samo v prvi liniji (I) na začetku sprednjega dela (1) plošče, medtem ko je v drugi liniji (II) luknja v sprednjem delu (1) podložne plošče posebne ovalne oblike in z uporabo dveh enostavnih distančnikov omogoča manjše vzdolžno gibanje, v zadnjih dveh linijah (III in IV) pa je zadnji del (24) podložne plošče pritrjen na smučko (2) s pomočjo večjih distančnikov in posebno oblikovanih utorov (20) na zadnjem delu (24) plošče, tako da je v zadnjih treh linijah (II, II, IV) pritrditev vzdolžno elastična in omogoča maksimalni naravni upogib obremenjene smučke, pri čemer se podložna plošča, odvisno od obremenitve in posledično od upogiba smučke, vzdolžno premika po njej; da se pri upogibanju smučke podložna plošča tudi s pomočjo dveh prečnih izrezov (9) na sprednjem delu (1) in zadnjem delu (24) plošče prosto premika in prilagaja zgornji upognjeni ploskvi smučke, pri čemer je maksimalni premik zadnjega dela (24) podložne plošče pri maksimalnem upogibu smučke več kot 5 mm; da je za zmanjšanje trenja pod zadnjim delom (24) plošče nameščena tanka podloga (27) iz nerjavne pločevine debeline 0,4 mm.Support plate according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the support plate is fixed to the ski (2) in four transverse lines (I, II, II, IV) such that the attachment is fixed by screwing connection, only in the first line (I) at the beginning of the front part (1) of the plate, while in the second line (II) there is a hole in the front part (1) of the base plate of a special oval shape and allows for smaller longitudinal movement using two simple spacers, in the last two lines (III and IV), the back part (24) of the washer is fixed to the ski (2) by means of larger spacers and specially shaped grooves (20) on the back part (24) of the plate so that in the last three lines (II, II, IV) the attachment is longitudinally elastic and allows maximum natural bending of the loaded ski, with the base plate moving along it depending on the load and consequently on the bending of the ski; that when bending the ski, the base plate also freely moves and adapts to the upper bent surface of the ski with the help of two transverse cutouts (9) on the front part (1) and the back part (24), with maximum displacement of the rear part (24) of the base plate with a maximum ski bending of more than 5 mm; in order to reduce friction under the back (24) of the plate, a thin base (27) of stainless steel 0.4 mm thick is installed.

4. Podložna plošča po zahtevkih od 1 do 3, za katero je značilno, da ima sprednji del (1) plošče v sredini izdelan vzdolžni utor, po katerem potuje ročica (14) napenjala (4) glavne delovne vzmeti (16); da je napenjalo (4) sestavljeno iz ohišja, ki je privijačeno na sprednji del smuči, ter iz prečno vpetega nosilca (15) ročice (14), ki je narejen tako, da omogoča spreminjanje dolžine ročice (14) in s tem napenjanje vzmeti (16); da vzmet (16) elastično pritiska na preklopni sestav (5), ki ima prečni utor, po katerem zaradi gravitacije pri nagibanju smuči potujeta jeklena kroglica (18) in mehka kroglica (17).Support plate according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the front part (1) of the plate has a longitudinal groove in the middle, through which the tensioning arm (14) of the main working springs (16) travels; that the tensioner (4) consists of a housing that is screwed to the front of the ski and a transversely gripped bracket (15) of the lever (14), which is designed to allow changing the length of the lever (14) and thereby tensioning the spring ( 16); that the spring (16) presses elastically on a switching assembly (5) having a transverse groove through which a steel ball (18) and a soft ball (17) travel due to gravity when tilting the skis.

5. Podložna plošča po zahtevkih od 1, do 4, za katero je značilno, da se pri notranji smučki v zavoju vzpostavi zveza med napenjalom (4), nosilcem (15) ročice (14), ročico (14), vzmetjo (16), preklopnim sestavom (5), mehko kroglico (17), finim regulatorjem v obliki aluminijastega bata (6), povratno ročico (10) z vzvodom (12); da se pri upogibu smučke podložna plošča premakne vzdolžno po smučki in preko spodnje zadnje ročice (11) pritisne na vzvod (12) v ohišju (13), kar povzroči delovanje vzvoda (12), ki obrne smer gibanja, saj se povratna ročica (10) giblje v nasprotni smeri kot podložna plošča, ter, odvisno od razmerja ročic vzvoda, zveča amplitudo premika zadnjega dela (24) plošče; da se pri ekstremnem upogibu smučke zadnji konec podložne plošče premakne tudi več kot 5 mm v smeri zadnjega dela smuči, kar pri razmerju ročic vzvoda 1 : 3 pomeni, da se povratna ročica (10) pomakne v smeri proti prednjemu delu smuči za več kot 15 mm; da je na začetku povratne ročice (10) nameščen fini regulator v obliki aluminijastega bata (6) z magnetom (19), ki glede na amplitudo gibanja povratne zanke bolj ali manj pritiska na kroglici (17 in 18); da je zaradi lahke stisljivosti mehke kroglice (17) pri vzpostavljeni povratni zanki preko kroglice (17) upogib smučke praktično neoviran in posledično maksimalen.Support plate according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the connection between the tensioner (4), the bracket (15) of the lever (14), the lever (14), the spring (16) is established in the inner ski in the turn. , switching assembly (5), soft ball (17), fine aluminum piston regulator (6), lever (10) with lever (12); that, when bending the ski, the base plate moves longitudinally along the ski and presses the lever (12) in the housing (13) over the lower rear lever (11), which causes the lever (12) to reverse the direction of movement, since the return lever (10 ) moves in the opposite direction to the base plate, and, depending on the ratio of the lever arms, increases the displacement amplitude of the rear portion (24) of the plate; that in extreme bending of the ski, the rear end of the washer also moves more than 5 mm in the direction of the rear of the ski, which at a lever ratio of 1: 3 means that the return lever (10) moves towards the front of the ski by more than 15 mm; that a fine regulator in the form of an aluminum piston (6) is fitted with a magnet (19) at the beginning of the feedback lever (10), which, depending on the amplitude of the motion of the feedback loop, more or less presses the ball (17 and 18); that due to the easy compressibility of the soft ball (17), when the feedback loop is established through the ball (17), the bending of the ski is practically unobstructed and consequently maximum.

6. Podložna plošča po zahtevkih od 1 do 5, za katero je značilno, da se pri zunanji smučki v zavoju zveza med krajnima elementoma, to je med napenjalom (4) in vzvodom (12), vzpostavi preko jeklene kroglice (18), ki jo vzvod (12) preko povratne ročice (10) s finim regulatorjem v obliki aluminijastega bata (6) z magnetom (19) potiska v ohišje preklopnega sestava (5), ki je s pomočjo distančnikov vpet v vodila (23) na prekrivni plošči (3); da omenjeno vpetje preklopnega sestava (5) omogoča vzdolžno gibanje preklopnega sestava (5) le v smeri proti glavni delovni vzmeti (16); da večji upogib smučke povzroči večji pritisk prednje strani preklopnega sestava (5) v delovno vzmet (16), katere jakost se nastavi z nosilcem (15) ročice (14); da magnet (19) poskrbi za centriranje jeklene kroglice (18) točno v središče bata (6).Support plate according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, in the case of an external ski, the connection between the end elements, that is, between the tensioner (4) and the lever (12), is made via a steel ball (18) which the lever (12) pushes it through the return lever (10) with a fine regulator in the form of an aluminum piston (6) with a magnet (19) into the housing of the switching assembly (5), which is fixed to the guides (23) on the cover plate (spacers). 3); that said clamping assembly (5) allows longitudinal movement of the clutch assembly (5) only in the direction of the main working spring (16); that greater bending of the ski causes more pressure on the front of the switch assembly (5) into the working spring (16), the strength of which is adjusted by the arm (15) of the lever (14); that the magnet (19) arranges the steel ball (18) exactly in the center of the piston (6).

7. Podložna plošča po zahtevkih od 1 do 6, za katero je značilno, da se s primerno izbiro tipa glavne delovne vzmeti (16) in nastavljivo regulacijo napenjanja vzmeti z napenjalom (4) doseže želeni diagram odvisnosti skrčka vzmeti od sile potiska, medtem ko se s finim regulatorjem napenjanja vzmeti v obliki aluminijastega bata (6) natančno določi, pri kakšnem upogibu smučke se vzpostavi povratna zveza preko jeklene kroglice (18) ter kdaj, kako in za koliko se zmanjša možnost prostega upogiba smučke in s tem smučarju omogoči, da zunanja smučka zariše v sneg nekaj večjo krožnico kot notranja in sta tako krožnici koncentrični, razmaknjeni za razdaljo med razklenjenimi smučmi.The washer according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, by properly selecting the type of main working spring (16) and adjustable tensioning of the spring tension with the tensioner (4), the desired dependence of the shrinkage of the spring on the thrust force is achieved while the fine spring tensioner in the form of an aluminum piston (6) determines precisely when the ski bending is feedback via the steel ball (18) and when, how and for how much the possibility of free bending of the ski is reduced, thereby allowing the skier to the outer ski skirts a slightly larger circle than the inner ski, so the circles are concentric, spaced apart by the distance between the open skis.

8. Podložna plošča po zahtevkih od 1 do 7, za katero je značilno, da imata v vsakem zavoju tako notranja kot zunanja smučka sklenjeno povratno zanko, in sicer zunanja smučka preko jeklene kroglice (18), notranja smučka pa preko mehke kroglice (17), tako da je poskrbljeno za kar najhitrejše iznihanje neželenih vibracij prednjega in zadnjega dela smuči.A pad according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in each turn, both inner and outer skis have a closed loop, namely the outer ski via a steel ball (18) and the inner ski via a soft ball (17). , so that the unwanted vibration of the front and rear of the skis is eliminated as quickly as possible.

9. Podložna plošča po zahtevku 1, za katero je značilno, da so sprednji del (1), zadnji del (24) in preklopni sestav (5) prednostno izdelani iz plastičnih mas, aluminija, raznih zlitin ali kompozitnih materialov in je nanje privijačena nekaj milimetrov debela prekrivna plošča (3) iz aluminija, zlitin ali podobnih materialov.Support plate according to Claim 1, characterized in that the front part (1), the rear part (24) and the switching assembly (5) are preferably made of plastics, aluminum, various alloys or composite materials and are screwed on some millimeters thick covering plate (3) of aluminum, alloys or similar materials.

10. Podložna plošča po zahtevkih 1, 3, 4, 7 in 9, za katero je značilno, da ima izvedba podložne plošče, namenjena izvajanju ekstremnih zareznih zavojev in za tekmovanja v slalomu, to pomeni za izvajanje zavojev s kar najmanjšimi možnimi radiji pri velikem kotu nastavka smuči na snežno podlago, kjer se zahteva večja razlika upogiba med notranjo in zunanjo smučko, preklopni sestav (5) z eno samo jekleno kroglico (18), ki je omejena na eni strani s kratkim stranskim omejevalnikom (25, 26), na drugi strani pa z dolgim stranskim omejevalnikom (30).10. The base plate according to claim 1, 3, 4, 7 and 9, characterized in that the base plate is designed for performing extreme notches and slalom competitions, that is, for performing turns with the smallest possible radii at high the corner of the ski attachment to the snow base, where a greater difference in bending is required between the inner and outer skis, a switching assembly (5) with a single steel ball (18) bounded on one side by a short lateral stop (25, 26), at on the other hand, with a long side restraint (30).

11. Podložna plošča po zahtevku 10, za katero je značilno, da primerno dušenje vibracij pri zunanji smučki zagotovi vzpostavljena povratna zveza preko jeklene kroglice (18), medtem ko za primerno dušenje vibracij pri notranji smučki, pri kateri se povratna zanka ne vzpostavi, saj se fini regulator v obliki aluminijastega bata (6) prosto giblje po preklopnem sestavu (5) mimo umaknjene jeklene kroglice (18), poskrbita prednje napenjalo (4) glavne delovne vzmeti (16) in vzmet (16), ki deluje kot amortizer za prednji del smuči, zadnji del smuči pa uporablja kot amortizer vzpostavljeno elastično vezo med zadnjim vzvodom (12) in povratno ročico (10) ter tlačno spiralno vzmetjo (8) povratne ročice (10); da vzmet (8) leži v vzdolžnem utoru na zadnjem delu (24) podložne plošče in da skozi njo potuje povratna ročica (10); da je vzmet (8) je na sprednjem delu omejena z vertikalno gibljivo zaporo (7), na zadnjem delu vzmeti (8) pa je nameščena blokada (21) vzmeti, s katero se nastavi začetna elastičnost vzmeti (8); da med vožnjo vsak upogib smučke preko premika povratne ročice (10) in na njej nameščene blokade (21) dodatno pritisne na vzmet (8), v kateri se shrani energija, da na koncu zavoja, ko se upogib smučke zmanjša, pomaga kar najhitreje vzravnati smučko; da za hitrejše vzravnavanje smuči dodatno skrbi glavna delovna vzmet (16), nameščena v vzdolžnem utoru prednjega dela (1) plošče, ki pri neobremenjeni in zato neupognjeni smučki elastično pritiska v preklopni sestav (5), ki se zato nahaja v skrajni legi, kakršno mu dopušča način11. A pad according to claim 10, characterized in that a suitable vibration damping in the outer ski is provided by a feedback through the steel ball (18), while in a suitable vibration damping in the inner ski, in which the feedback loop is not established, since a fine aluminum piston-shaped regulator (6) moves freely through the switching assembly (5) past the withdrawn steel ball (18), providing the front tensioner (4) of the main working spring (16) and the spring (16) acting as a shock absorber for the front a part of the ski, and the back of the ski uses as a shock absorber an elastic connection between the rear lever (12) and the return lever (10) and the pressure coil spring (8) of the return lever (10); that the spring (8) lies in a longitudinal groove at the rear (24) of the washer plate and that a return lever (10) passes through it; that the spring (8) is bounded at the front by a vertically movable barrier (7), and at the rear of the spring (8) there is a spring lock (21) which adjusts the initial spring elasticity (8); that, while driving, each bending of the ski further presses the spring (8) through the movement of the return lever (10) and the locking mechanism (21) therein, which saves energy so that, at the end of the turn, when the bending of the ski is reduced, it helps to straighten as quickly as possible ski; that the main working spring (16) mounted in the longitudinal groove of the front part (1) of the plate is additionally taken care of by the smoothing of the skis, which elastically presses into the switching assembly (5) in an unladen and therefore unbending ski, which is therefore in an extreme position, such as allows him a way

5 vpetja preko vodil (23), ter da se v trenutku, ko se smučka upogne, zmanjša razdalja med napenjalom (4) vzmeti in preklopnim sestavom (5), vzmet (16) se skrči, shranjena energija pa poskrbi za kar najhitrejše vračanje smučke v vzravnano lego.5 via the guides (23), and to reduce the distance between the tensioner (4) of the spring and the switching assembly (5) as soon as the ski is bent, the spring (16) shrinks, and the stored energy ensures the fastest return of the ski into the upright position.