SI21441A - Maize-picking device - Google Patents

Abstract

The intention of the invention is to design a tractor-towed maize-picking device, as simple as possible, which would be suitable to attain essentially higher degrees of utilisation as it would be feasible in the case of so far known towed devices. The device according to the invention consists of a mobile frame (1) which comprises a towing bar (2) for the attachment to a tractor, a collecting vessel (15) and an optional number of picking units (6', 6''). Close to the latter, a collecting assembly (7) foreseen for collecting maize cobs separated from maize stems is installed, whose driving assembly (5) is driven by means of a transmission assembly (3) available on the frame (1) and which can be connected to a tractor's driving shaft by means of a shaft (4) or a similar transmission element. According to the invention, the mobile frame (1) is modified alternatively for mounting either a maize husking unit (9) or a maize shelling unit (8). Thus a better utilisation of the device is attained, since it can be used both for picking maize in the earlier period of maturity in order to produce husked maize cobs and also in the later period of maturity - after a simple modification - for picking maize in the sense of producing only maize grains with a relatively low moisture content.

Description

Naprava za obiranje koruzeMaize harvester

Izum spada na področje kmetijstva, namreč k napravam za obiranje koruze, in sicer k napravam brez lastnega pogonskega agregata, ki so predvidene za vleko s pomočjo ustrezne vlečne naprave, še zlasti traktorja.The invention relates to the field of agriculture, namely maize harvesting machines, namely those without self-propelled machinery which are intended to be towed by means of a suitable towing device, in particular a tractor.

Pri spravilu koruze je treba slediti določenim ciljem in pri tem upoštevati vsakokrat razpoložljive razmere. V prvi vrsti je treba upoštevati, da gre za sezonsko opravilo, ki ga je v razmeroma kratkem časovnem obdobju potrebno izvršiti na karseda učinkovit način. V ta namen so sicer na voljo raznovrstne naprave, pri čemer pa je očitno, da je vsaka tovrstna naprava za obiranje koruze v uporabi vsega nekaj dni v letu in je zato izjemno slabo izkoriščena.When harvesting maize, certain objectives must be pursued, taking account of the conditions available at all times. First and foremost, it should be borne in mind that this is a seasonal task that must be completed in the most efficient way in a relatively short period of time. Although a variety of devices are available for this purpose, it is obvious that any such maize harvester is in use only a few days a year and is therefore extremely underutilized.

Izhajajoč iz lastnosti koruze v obdobju njenega zorenja in obiranja je v splošnem možno opredeliti dva načina obiranja, ki sta odvisna od stopnje zrelosti koruze oz. vlažnosti koruznega zrnja na storžih. V zgodnejšem obdobju zrelosti koruze je vlažnost zrnja še razmeroma visoka, zato koruzo obirajo v storžih. Pri tem načinu obiranja storže ločijo od stebla, temu pa sledi takoimenovano ličkanje, kar pomeni odstranjevanje okoli storža ovitih listov z omenjenega storža. Končni produkt obiranja so v tem primeri koruzni storži, na katerih je še vedno prisotno tudi koruzno zrnje, ki pa ga s strnišča zatorej odvažajo skupaj s storži.Based on the characteristics of maize during its maturing and harvesting period, it is generally possible to define two methods of harvesting, which depend on the degree of maturity of the maize, or. humidity of corn kernels on cones. At an earlier stage of maize maturity, grain moisture is still relatively high, so maize is harvested in cones. In this method of harvesting, the cones are separated from the stem, followed by the so-called makeup, which means the removal of wrapped leaves from said cone around the cone. In this case, the final product of harvesting is corn cones, which still contain corn grain, which is therefore removed from the stubble together with the cones.

V kasnejšem obdobju zrelosti koruze, ko se relativna vlažnost zrnja zniža pod določeno mejo, se sicer prav tako v prvem koraku vrši obiranje storžev, s katerih pa se zatem odstrani tako okoli storža ovite liste, nato pa se še med obiranjem koruze s storža odstrani še zrnje. Produkt obiranja je v tem primeru koruzno zrnje, brez storžev in ličkovine oz. listov, kijih med obiranjem razrežejo in/ali raztrosijo po stmišču.In the later period of maize maturity, when the relative humidity of the grain decreases below a certain limit, the cones are also harvested in the first step, which is then removed from the cone around the cone and then removed during the maize harvest. grain. The harvesting product in this case is corn grain, without cones and larvae. leaves that are cut and / or scattered across the site during harvest.

Izhajajoč iz uvodoma omenjenih okoliščin, še zlasti iz načina obiranja glede na stopnjo zrelosti koruze kot tudi na razmeroma kratko časovno obdobje, v katerem so tovrstne naprave uporabljive, je izum osnovan na problemu, kako zasnovati karseda preprosto, s pomočjo ustrezne vlečne naprave, še zlasti s pomočjo običajnega kmetijskega traktorja, vlečeno napravo za obiranje koruze, ki bo primerna za doseganje znatno višje stopnje izkoriščenosti kot je to izvedljivo pri doslej znanih vlečenih napravah, saj bi naj jo bilo mogoče v zgodnejšem obdobju zrelosti koruze uporabljati za obiranje koruze z namenom pridobivanja lickanih koruznih storžev, zatem pa v kasnejšem obdobju zrelosti koruze na osnovi preproste modifikacije tudi za obiranje koruze v smislu pridobivanja zgolj koruznega zrnja z razmeroma nizko vsebnostjo vlage.Based on the foregoing circumstances, in particular the method of harvesting with respect to the degree of maturity of the maize and the relatively short period of time during which such devices are usable, the invention is based on the problem of how to design as simply as possible with the aid of a suitable hauler, in particular with the aid of a conventional agricultural tractor, a towed maize harvester suitable for achieving a significantly higher utilization rate than is practicable with the hitch hitherto known, since it could be used for maize harvesting at an earlier stage of maize maize cones and subsequently, at a later stage of maize maturity, on the basis of a simple modification, also to harvest maize in terms of producing only maize grain with a relatively low moisture content.

Prizadevanja v smeri Čim boljše izkoriščenosti naprav so že dolgo znana. Tako jev DEOS 1 934 418 opisana naprava za obiranje koruze, ki pa je zasnovana kot kombajn, torej kot mobilna naprava z lastnim pogonskim agregatom, kije opremljena z obiralno enoto, ki je glede na smer vožnje razporejena pred napravo. Z namenom, da bi se izognili potrebi po uporabi dodatne naprave za rezanje stebel, t.j. slamoreznice, s katero bi po pobiranju koruze s stmišča odstranili še stebla ter tako njivo pripravili za oranje, je bilo predlagano, da bi ustrezno prirejeno slamoreznico prigradili kar k obravnavani napravi poleg obiralne enote. Naprava kot taka je razmeroma zapletena in glede na kratek čas uporabnosti kljub omenjenemu ukrepu izjemno slabo izkoriščena. Njena uporaba je morda smiselna zgolj pri obdelavi dovolj velikih površin, ki pa so na voljo v zgolj nekaterih državah oz. regijah po svetu. Naprava v bistvu v ničemer ne rešuje uvodoma navedenega poroblema, citirana pa je predvsem z namenom ilustracije potrebe po racionalizaciji obiranja, kije očitna.Efforts to maximize the use of devices have long been known. DEOS 1 934 418 thus describes a maize harvesting device, which is designed as a combine harvester, ie as a mobile device with its own propulsion unit, which is equipped with a picking unit arranged in front of the device according to the direction of travel. In order to avoid the need to use an additional device for cutting stems, i.e. The straw cutter, which would remove the stems after harvesting the corn from the site and thus prepare the field for plowing, was proposed to attach an appropriately modified straw cutter to the device under consideration next to the harvesting unit. The device as such is relatively complex and, given the short shelf life, extremely poorly utilized despite the said measure. Its use may only make sense for the treatment of large enough surfaces, which are only available in some countries or countries. regions around the world. The device essentially does not solve the above mentioned problem, but it is cited primarily to illustrate the need to rationalize the harvest, which is obvious.

Nadalje je iz YU 272681 oz. FR 19820019292 oz. znana naprava za obiranje koruze, ki je zasnovana kot vlečna naprava brez lastnega pogona. Naprava je priključljiva k traktorju, njeni sestavni deli pa so gnani s pomočjo kardanske gredi, ki je za potrebe pogona traktorskih priključkov na voljo na traktorju. Naprava obsega podvozje s kolesi, na katerem so na voljo trgalna ustja, ki so usmeijena v smeri vožnje in namenjena za ločevanje koruznih storžev od koruznih stebel. Za drobljenje stebel je predviden drobilnik. Odtrgani storži potujejo v ličkalnik, ki sestoji iz protismemo vrtečih se valjev, ki potekajo v smeri vožnje. Naprava obsega ventilator, ki usmerja koruzne storže in odnaša s koruznega storža odluščene liste. OliČkani storži, na katerih je še prisotno zrnje, so zatem s pomočjo transporterja transportirani v zbiralno posodo, s katero je prav tako opremljena obravnavana naprava. Dasiravno gre za v primerjavi s takrat razpoložljivimi napravami za sodobno in izpopolnjeno napravo, je njena uporaba kljub vsemu povezana s številnimi pomanjkljivostmi. Prva pomanjkljivost je ta, da naprava obsega zgolj ličkalno enoto, kar pomeni, da je uporabljiva zgolj za obiranje koruze v zgodnejšem obdobju zrelosti koruze. To po eni strani pomeni, da je potrebno celoten pridelek koruze pospraviti v zelo kratkem časovnem intervalu, po drugi strani pa, daje prav zaradi te kratkotrajne uporabljivosti tudi ta naprava izjemno slabo izkoriščena. Še nadalje je treba upoštevati, da je kapaciteta zbiralne posode omejena, skladiščenje na storžih prisotnega koruznega zrnja pa terja bistveno več prostora kot skladiščenje samega zrnja brez storžev. Temu ustrezno manj racionalno je tudi razvažanje tako obranih koruznih plodov.It is further from YU 272681 oz. FR 19820019292 oz. a well-known maize harvester designed as a self-propelled tractor. The device is connected to the tractor and its components are driven by a PTO shaft, which is available on the tractor for the purpose of driving tractor attachments. The device comprises a wheeled chassis, which has tear-off mouths that are directed in the direction of travel and are intended to separate the corn cones from the corn stalks. A crusher is provided for crushing the stems. The torn cones travel to the makeup, which consists of anti-roll rotating cylinders that run in the direction of travel. The apparatus comprises a fan that directs the corn cones and removes the leaves from the corn cone. The oiled cones, on which the grain is still present, are then transported by means of a conveyor to a collecting tank, which is also equipped with the device under consideration. In comparison to the devices available at the time for modern and sophisticated devices, their use is nevertheless connected with many disadvantages. The first disadvantage is that the device comprises only a makeup unit, which means that it is only useful for maize harvesting at an earlier maize maturity period. This means, on the one hand, that the entire maize crop needs to be harvested in a very short time interval, and on the other hand, because of this short-term usability, this device is also extremely underutilized. It should also be kept in mind that the capacity of the collection container is limited and the storage of cones of maize grain present requires significantly more space than the storage of the grain without cones. Correspondingly less rational is the cultivation of the maize so harvested.

Po drugi strani so znane tudi naprave za ločevanje koruznega zrnja od koruznega storža, namreč za izvajanje takoimenovanega robkanja. Ena takih je opisana v EP 0 396 968 BI. Gre za napravo za takoimenovano tangencialno robkanje oz. napravo s tengencialnim pretokom za robkanje predvidenih storžev. Tovrstna naprava obsega narebren rotacijski valj, ki je vrtljiv okoli svoje vzdolžne osi in na katerega obodu so na voljo v profilu v bistvu sinusoidno potekajoče izbočitve oz. vbočitve, ki kot blago zaokrožena rebra oz. žlebovi potekajo v vzdolžni smeri omenjenega valja. Ob slednjem je na ustreznem odmiku nameščena ukrivljena rešetka grobega sita. Med omenjeno rešetko in obodom valja je na voljo klinast vmesni prostor, pri čemer se oddaljenost med obodom valja in rešetko v smeri vrtenja valja postopoma zmanjšuje s premera, ki ustreza povprečnemu premeru koruznega storža, na katerem je še prisotno zrnje, na premer, ki vsaj približno ustreza premeru storža z odstranjenim zrnjem. Ko storž zaide v območje vrtečega se valja, vstopi v pripadajočo vdolbino med dvema sosednjima rebroma na valju in potuje po obodu valja vse dotlej, dokler ne zadene ob omenjeno rešetko. Ob dotiku z rešetko v območju omenjenega klinastega prostora se storž zasuče okoli svoje osi, medtem pa z njega odpada zrnje. Koruzno zrnje skupaj z eventualno tudi prisotnimi deli storža pada skozi omenjeno rešetko, imenovano tudi grobo sito, na nižje ležeče fino sito, ki prepušča zgolj zrnje, ne pa tudi večjih delov storžev. Med padanjem so omenjeni delci izpostavljeni močnemu zračnemu toku, ki ga ustvarja ustrezen ventilator in ki je namenjen čiščenju zrnja in transportu storžev ali ostankov storžev do drobilnika storžev, od koder drobci storžev padajo na njivo, kjer so prepuščeni propadu. Zrnje se preko ustreznega polžastega transporterja ali elevatorja transportira do zbiralne posode. Prednost tovrstne naprave za obiranje koruze je ta, da je produkt obiranja čisto zrnje, katerega skladiščenje in transportiranje je občutno racionalnejše od skladiščenja in transportiranja zrnja skupaj s storži. Problem uporabe tovrstne naprave pa je, da je uporabljiva zgolj v kasnejšem obdobju zrelosti koruze, ko je vlažnost zrnja razmeroma nizka in je zrnje dovolj trdno za ločevanje od storžev brez omembe vrednih poškodb zrnja. Tudi v tem primeru gre za razmeroma kratko časovno obdobje uporabnosti naprave, ki je povrhu vsega običajno tudi povezano z večjim tveganjem glede primernosti vremenskih razmer za obiranje.On the other hand, there are also known devices for separating corn kernels from corn cobs, namely for carrying out so-called robbery. One of these is described in EP 0 396 968 BI. It is a device for the so-called tangential wrestling. a device with a tensile flow rate to handle the intended cones. Such a device comprises a grooved rotary cylinder which is rotatable about its longitudinal axis and at which circumference there are substantially sinusoidal projections or projections in the profile. concave, which, as slightly rounded ribs or. the grooves extend in the longitudinal direction of said cylinder. The curved grille of the coarse screen is mounted at the appropriate distance with the latter. A wedge-shaped space is provided between said grate and the cylinder circumference, the distance between the circumference of the cylinder and the grille in the direction of rotation of the cylinder gradually decreases from a diameter corresponding to the average diameter of the corn cone still present in the grain to a diameter of at least approximately corresponds to the diameter of the cone with the grain removed. When the cone enters the area of the rotating cylinder, it enters the corresponding recess between the two adjacent ribs on the cylinder and travels around the circumference of the cylinder until it hits the said grid. Upon contact with the grille in the area of said wedge space, the cone rotates about its axis, while the grain is dropped from it. The maize grain, together with any parts of the cone present, falls through said grate, also known as the coarse sieve, to a lower fine sieve that leaves only the grain but not the larger cone parts. During the fall, said particles are exposed to a strong air stream created by a suitable fan designed to clean the grain and transport the cones or debris to the cone crusher, from where the cone fragments fall to the field where they are left to collapse. The grain is transported to the collection tank via a suitable screw conveyor or elevator. The advantage of this maize harvester is that the harvesting product is pure grain, the storage and transport of which is much more rational than the storage and transportation of the grain together with the cones. The problem with using such a device, however, is that it is only applicable at a later stage of maize maturity, when grain moisture is relatively low and the grain is firm enough to separate it from the cones without any significant damage to the grain. In this case, too, it is a relatively short period of useful life of the device, which, moreover, is usually associated with a higher risk of weather suitability for harvesting.

Pričujoči izum se ukvarja z napravo za obiranje koruze, kakršna je s pomočjo ruda priključljiva k vsakokrat ustrezni vlečni napravi in s slednjo vlečena. Tovrstna naprava torej ne obsega lastnega pogonskega agregata, zato so njeni delovni elementi gnani s pomočjo v ta namen predvidene pogonske gredi omenjene vlečne naprave. Nadalje tovrstna naprava sestoji iz mobilnega ogrodja ki poleg omenjenega ruda obsega zbiralno posodo in želeno število trgalnih enot. Ob slednjih je nameščen zbiralni sklop, ki je predviden za zbiranje in usmerjanje v območju trgalnih enot od koruznih stebel ločenih koruznih storžev in katerega pogonski sklop je gnan s pomočjo na ogrodju razpoložljivega transmisij skega sklopa, ki je preko ustrezne gredi ali podobnega prenosnega elementa povezljiv s prej omenjeno pogonsko gredjo vlečne naprave. Po izumu je omenjeno mobilno ogrodje prirejeno za alternativno pritrditev bodisi iiČkalne enote ali robkalne enote, pri prednostni izvedbi pa je med vsakokrat prisotno ličkalno enoto oz. robkalno enoto in zbiralno posodo nameščen zunanji transporter, Pri tem je mesto alternativne pritrditve bodisi ličkalne enote ali robkalne enote na mobilnem ogrodju prednostno predvideno za omenjenim zbiralnim sklopom. V splošnem je mobilno ogrodje prirejeno za alternativno pritrditev bodisi ličkalne enote skupaj s pripadajočim zunanjim transporterjem za transport koruznih storžev do zbiralne posode ali robkalne enote skupaj s pripadajočim zunanjim transporterjem za transport koruznega zrnja do zbiralne posode. Omenjena ličkalna enota v spološnem obsega vsaj notranji transporter in pod slednjim razporejene ličkalne valje, pri čemer je oboje lahko gnano s pomočjo na mobilnem ogrodju razpoložljivega transmisij skega sklopa. Prednostna izvedba ličkalne enote obsega vsaj notranji transporter in pod slednjim razporejene ličkalne valje kot tudi vsaj en zunanji transporter, predviden za transport koruznih storžev od ličkalne enote do zbiralne posode, pri čemer so omenjeni ličkalni valji in omenjena transporterja lahko gnani s pomočjo na mobilnem ogrodju razpoložljivega transmisijskega sklopa. Robkalna enota naprave po izumu v splošnem obsega vsaj notranji transporter in ob slednjem razporejen rotacijski robkalni element, ob katerem, zlasti pod njim, je nameščena groba rešetka, pod slednjo pa še fina rešetka, prednostva izvedba robkalne enote pa tudi vsaj en drobilni element, še zlasti rotacijski drobilni element, kije razporejen - gledano v smeri vožnje - za omenjenim rotacijskim robkalnim elementom. Pri tem sta notranji transporter in ob slednjem razporejen rotacijski robkalni element robkalne enote lahko gnana s pomočjo na mobilnem ogrodju razpoložljivega transmisijskega sklopa. Pri najbolj prednostni izvedbi naprave robkalna enota poleg zunanjega transporterja, ki je predviden za transport koruznega zrnja iz območja robkalne enote do zbiralne posode, obsega vsaj še rotacijski drobilni transportni element in glede na smer vožnje pred slednjim razporejen rotacijski robkalni element, ob katerem, še zlasti pod njim, je nameščena groba rešetka, pod slednjo pa še fina rešetka. Nadalje je pri prednostni izvedbi naprave po izumu predvideno sredstvo za ustvarjanje zračnega toka v nasprotni smeri vožnje vsaj v območju med grobo rešetko in pod slednjo razporejeno fino rešetko, pri čemer je tudi omenjeno sredstvo lahko gnano s pomočjo na mobilnem ogrodju razpoložljivega transmisijskega sklopa.The present invention is concerned with a maize harvester, which is connected to the respective hauler by means of ores and is hauled by the latter. Therefore, this device does not comprise its own drive unit, so its operating elements are driven by the drive shaft provided for the said drawbar. Further, such a device consists of a mobile frame which, in addition to said ore, comprises a collecting vessel and a desired number of trading units. The latter includes a collecting assembly intended to be collected and routed in the area of the trading units from the maize stalks of the separate maize cones, and the drive assembly of which is driven by means of an available transmission assembly which is connected via an appropriate shaft or similar transmission element to the aforementioned drive shaft of the towing device. According to the invention, said mobile frame is adapted for the alternative attachment of either a pendulum unit or a robber unit, and in the preferred embodiment, a lacquer unit or a pendulum unit is present in each case. an external conveyor is mounted on the crank unit and the collecting vessel. The alternative attachment site of either the makeup unit or the robbery unit on the mobile frame is preferably provided behind said collecting unit. Generally, the mobile frame is adapted for the alternative attachment of either the make-up unit together with the associated external conveyor for transporting corn cobs to the collection container or the robber unit together with the associated external conveyor for transporting corn grain to the collection container. Said makeup unit comprises at least an internal conveyor and at the same time an inside conveyor and spacer cylinders arranged thereon, both of which may be driven by means of an available transmission assembly on the mobile frame. The preferred embodiment of the make-up unit comprises at least an internal conveyor and a roller arrangement arranged below it, as well as at least one external conveyor intended for the transportation of corn cones from the make-up unit to the collecting vessel, wherein said make-up rollers and said conveyors can be driven by means of a mobile frame available transmission assembly. The rogue unit of the device according to the invention generally comprises at least an internal conveyor and a rotary rogue element arranged next to it, with a coarse grille placed below it, in particular, a fine grille, with the advantage of the construction of the rocco unit as well as at least one crushing element. in particular a rotary crushing element arranged - in the direction of travel - behind said rotary crusher. In this case, the internal conveyor and the laterally arranged rotary rotor element of the rotor unit can be driven by means of an available transmission assembly on the mobile frame. In the most preferred embodiment of the device, the edging unit, in addition to the external conveyor intended for transporting corn grain from the area of the edible unit to the collecting vessel, comprises at least a rotary crushing conveyor element and, depending on the direction of travel, a rotational edging element along which, in particular, beneath it is a coarse grille, and below the coarse grille. Further, in a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, there is provided a means for creating an air flow in the opposite direction of travel at least in the area between the coarse grille and the fine grille arranged below the latter, said means also being able to be driven by means of an available transmission assembly on the mobile frame.

Izum bo v nadaljevanju podrobneje obrazložen še s primerom izvedbe v povezavi s priloženo skico, kjer kažeThe invention will now be explained in more detail by way of an exemplary embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawing, where it shows

Sl. 1 mobilno ogrodje naprave za obiranje koruze;FIG. 1 mobile frame for maize harvester;

Sl. 2 mobilno ogrodje po sl. 1 skupaj z ličkalno enoto med nameščanjem le-te na omenjeno ogrodje oz. med odstranjevanjem ličkalne enote z omenjenega ogrodja;FIG. 2 is a mobile frame according to FIG. 1 together with the makeup unit while mounting it on said frame or. while removing the makeup unit from said frame;

Sl. 3 napravo za obiranje koruze v eni od obeh alternativnih konfiguracij, namreč z ličkalno enoto, nameščeno na mobilnem ogrodju, v vzdolžnem prerezu vzdolž te enote;FIG. 3 a maize harvester in one of the two alternative configurations, namely, with a makeup unit mounted on a mobile frame, in a longitudinal section along that unit;

Sl. 4 mobilno ogrodje po sl. 1 skupaj z rob kalno enoto med nameščanjem le-te na omenjeno ogrodje oz. med odstranjevanjem robkalne enote z omenjenega ogrodja; in Sl. 5 napravo za obiranje koruze v preostali od obeh alternativnih konfiguracij, tj. z robkalno enoto na mobilnem ogrodju, prikazano v vzdolžnem prerezu vzdolž te enote.FIG. 4 is a mobile frame according to FIG. 1 together with the edge of the mud unit during mounting it on said frame or. while removing the robber unit from said frame; and FIG. 5 a maize harvester in the remaining of the two alternative configurations, i. with a roughened unit on a mobile frame shown in a longitudinal section along that unit.

Na sl. 1 je prikazano mobilno ogrodje 1, ki je v osnovi predvideno za vleko s pomočjo neprikazane vlečne naprave, zlasti običajnega traktorja, sočasno pa tudi za pritrditev in pogon vsakokrat na njem pritrjenih sklopov, ki bodo podrobneje opisani v nadaljevanju. Omenjeni pogon se v osnovi vrši s pomočjo kardanske ali druge gredi, ki je na voljo na vsakokratni vlečni napravi.In FIG. 1 shows a mobile frame 1, which is basically intended for towing by means of a non-shown towing device, in particular a conventional tractor, and at the same time for attaching and operating the assemblies attached thereto, which will be described in more detail below. Said drive is basically done by means of a PTO or other shaft available on the respective drawbar.

Ogrodje 1 je na proti vsakokratni vlečni napravi obrnjenem koncu opremljeno z vlečnim rudom 2 in transmisijskim sklopom 3, katerega pogon zagotovljen na osnovi povezave z omenjeno gredjo vlečne naprave, in sicer v danem primeru preko gredi 4, ki je na sl. 1 shematično ponazorjena s črtkano črto. Vlečno rudo 2 se nahaja na notranji strani ogrodja 1, neposredno za osrednjo vzdolžno linijo vsakokratne vlečne naprave. Na zunanji strani omenjenega ogrodja 1, t.j. na ustreznem odmiku od omenjene osrednje vzdolžne linije v prečni smeri, sta na ogrodju 1 v danem primeru predvideni dve v bistvu vzporedni trgalni enoti oz. ustji 6', 6, t.j. dva para v smeri vožnje potekajočih, med seboj vzporednih in ustrezno razmaknjenih nosilcev. Vsakokratna trgalna enota 6', 6 je tako zasnovana, da obsega želeno vrzel, kije širša od premera neprikazanega stebla koruze in znatno ožja od premera prav tako neprikazanih koruznih storžev, hkrati pa je - gledano v smeri vožnje upoševljena naprej in navzdol. Med obiranjem koruze se ogrodje 1 premika v smeri vožnje, pri čemer stebla vstopajo v omenjene vrzeli, pri tem pa se od stebel ločijo storži.The frame 1 is provided at the opposite end of the drawbar with the drawbar 2 and the transmission assembly 3, the drive of which is provided on the basis of the connection with said drawbar shaft, in the case in question, through the shaft 4, which in FIG. 1 is schematically illustrated by the dashed line. The drawbar 2 is located on the inside of the frame 1 directly behind the central longitudinal line of the drawbar. On the outside of said frame 1, i.e. at the corresponding distance from said central longitudinal line in the transverse direction, two substantially parallel tear-off units, respectively, are provided on frame 1 in the present case. mouths 6 ', 6, i.e. two pairs in the direction of travel of running, parallel and properly spaced carriers. Each harvesting unit 6 ', 6 is designed to have the desired gap, which is wider than the diameter of the unmanifested corn stem and substantially narrower than the diameter of the unmanifested corn cones, while being taken forward and downwards. While picking corn, frame 1 moves in the direction of travel, with the stems entering said gaps, separating the cones from the stems.

Neposredno za omenjenima trgalnima ustjema 6', 6” je na ogrodju 1 na voljo polžast zbiralni sklop 7, katerega pogonska enota 5 je gnana s pomočjo prej omenjenega transmisij skega sklopa 3. V omenjenem zbiralnem sklopu 7 se zbirajo od stebel ločeni koruzni storži, ki se sočasno orientirajo na ta način, da vzdolžna os vsakega od storžev poteka v prečni smeri ogrodja 1 oz. pravokotno glede na smer vožnje in v ravnini, ki je vsaj v bistvu vzporedna s podlago.Directly behind the said nozzles 6 ', 6' there is a worm collector assembly 7 on the frame 1, whose drive unit 5 is driven by the aforementioned transmission assembly 3. Separate corn cones are collected from the stalks 7, which are separated from the stems. are oriented simultaneously in such a way that the longitudinal axis of each cone extends in the transverse direction of the frame 1 or. perpendicular to the direction of travel and in a plane at least substantially parallel to the ground.

Ogrodje 1 je opremljeno tudi z zbiralno posodo 15, ki je prikazana na sl. 2 do 5 in ki je namenjena za zbiranje in transportiranje koruznih storžev in/ali koruznega zrnja.The frame 1 is also provided with a collecting vessel 15 shown in FIG. 2 to 5 and intended for the collection and transportation of maize cones and / or maize grain.

Na sl. 2 in 3 je prikazana prva od obeh alternativnih različic konfiguracije naprave za obiranje koruze po izumu. Gre za izvedbo, ki omogoča najprej ločevanje storžev od koruznih stebel, zatem pa še ličkanje, t.j. odstranjevanje ovojnih listov s koruznih storžev. V ta namen je predvidena ličkalna enota 9, ki je pred uporabo hitro in preprosto pritrdljiva na omenjeno mobilno ogrodje 1, po uporabi pa z omenjenega ogrodja 1 prav tako hitro in preprosto tudi odstranljiva. Pritrditev ličkalne enote 9 pomeni tudi povezavo te enote 9 s transmisijsko enoto 3, s čimer je zagotovljen ustrezen pogon aktivnih delov te enote 9.In FIG. 2 and 3 show the first of two alternative versions of the configuration of the maize harvester according to the invention. It is an embodiment that allows the cones to be separated from the corn stalks first, and then the makeup, i.e. removal of wrapping leaves from corn cones. For this purpose, a make-up unit 9 is provided, which is quickly and easily attached to said mobile frame 1 before use, and is also quickly and easily removable after use from said frame 1. The attachment of the make-up unit 9 also means the connection of this unit 9 to the transmission unit 3, thereby ensuring the proper drive of the active parts of this unit 9.

Ličkalna enota 9 je na sl. 2 prikazana v položaju, ko je z ogrodja 1 (še) odstranjena. Mesto pritrditve ličkalne enote 9 na ogrodje 1 je označeno z 19, v splošnem pa je lahko pritrditev enote 9 na ogrodje 1 izvedena npr. na poljuben strokovnjakom znan način, še zlasti npr. s pri vijačenjem.The makeup unit 9 of FIG. 2 shown in position when removed from frame 1 (still). The location of the attachment of the makeup unit 9 to the frame 1 is indicated by 19, and in general, the attachment of the unit 9 to the frame 1 may be made e.g. in a manner known to those skilled in the art, in particular e.g. s when screwing.

Ličkalna enota 9 obsega notranji transporter 18 in protismemo drug glede na drugega vrteče se ličkalne valje 18, hkrati pa je v danem primeru opremljena tudi z zunanjim transporterjem 16'. Pogon ličkalnih valjev 18 in obeh transporterjev 16', 17 je zagotovljen s pomočjo transmisijske enote 3 ogrodja 1, in sicer bodisi posredno preko pogonske enote 5 zbiralnega sklopa 7 ali neposredno.The checkered unit 9 comprises an inner conveyor 18 and is pressed relative to each other by the rotating roller cylinders 18, and is optionally provided with an external conveyor 16 '. The actuation of the rollers 18 and both conveyors 16 ', 17 is ensured by means of the transmission unit 3 of the frame 1, either indirectly through the drive unit 5 of the collecting assembly 7 or directly.

Ko od koruznega stebla ločen koruzni storž dospe do zbiralne enote 7, se tam usmeri prečno glede na smer vožnje in zatem odkotali v ličkalno enoto 9. Notranji transporter 17 skrbi za enakomerno porazdelitev storžev po celotni širini na ličkalnih valjih 18, pri čemer se s storžev postopoma oluščijo ovojni listi, torej se z njih odstrani tkzv. ličkovina. S pomočjo zunanjega transporterja 16' se vrši transport ličkanih storžev, na katerih je še prisotno koruzno zrnje, v zbiralno posodo 15. Pri napravi v obravnavani konfiguraciji se v zbiralni posodi 15 torej zbirajo koruzni storži skupaj z neodstranjenim koruznim zrnjem.When a separate maize cone reaches the collecting unit 7 from the maize stem, it is routed transversely to the direction of travel, and then rolled into the makeup unit 9. The inner conveyor 17 takes care of the even distribution of the cones throughout the width on the makeup rollers 18, with the cones they gradually peel off the wrapping leaves, thus removing the so-called. larvae. With the help of an external conveyor 16 ', the larvae cones with the presence of maize grain are transported to the collecting vessel 15. For the device in the present configuration, maize cones are then collected in the collecting vessel 15 together with the unrooted maize grain.

Na sl. 4 in 5 je prikazana preostala od obeh alternativnih različic konfiguracije naprave za obiranje koruze po izumu. Gre za izvedbo, ki omogoča najprej ločevanje storžev od koruznih stebel, zatem pa še robkanje ob sočasnem ličkanju, t.j. ločevanja zrnja in ličkovine s storžev ter zatem separacijo zrnja od ličkovine in storžev. V ta namen je po izumu predvideno, da je pred uporabo na prej omenjeno mobilno ogrodje 1 namesto prej omenjene ličkalne enote 9 hitro in preprosto namestljiva robkalna enota 8, ki je zatem po uporabi z omenjenega ogrodja 1 spet hitro in preprosto odstranljiva.In FIG. 4 and 5 show the remaining of the two alternative versions of the configuration of the maize harvester according to the invention. It is an embodiment that allows the cones to be separated from the corn stalks first, and then the grating at the same time as the makeup, i.e. separating the grain and the larva from the cones and then separating the grain from the larva and the cones. For this purpose, it is provided according to the invention that, prior to use on the aforementioned mobile frame 1, instead of the aforementioned make-up unit 9, it is quick and easy to install the edge unit 8, which is then quickly and easily removable after use from said frame 1.

Robkalna enota 8 obsega notranji transporter 10, rotacijski robkalni element 11, rotacijski drobilni transportni element 13 ter grobo rešetko 12 in fino rešetko 14, razen tega pa v prikazanem primeru tudi zunanji transporter 16. Pogon valjev 11, 13 in transporteijev 10, 16 je zagotovljen s pomočjo transmisij ske enote 3 ogrodja 1, in sicer tudi v tem primeru bodisi posredno preko pogonske enote 5 zbiralnega sklopa 7 ali neposredno.The robber unit 8 comprises an internal conveyor 10, a rotary robber element 11, a rotary crusher conveyor element 13 and a coarse grate 12 and a fine grille 14, except in this case an external conveyor 16. Drive of the cylinders 11, 13 and conveyors 10, 16 is provided by means of the transmission unit 3 of the frame 1, also in this case, either indirectly via the drive unit 5 of the collector assembly 7 or directly.

Ko s koruznega stebla odstranjen koruzni storž dospe do zbiralne enote 7, se tam usmeri prečno glede na smer vožnje in zatem odkotali do notranjega transporterja 10 robkalne enote 8, ki storže v nespremenjeni usmeritvi premika v območje delovnega rotacijskega robkalnega elementa 11 ob katerem oz. pod katerim se nahaja groba rešetka 12. Glede na smer vožnje za omenjenim robkalnim elementom 11 se nahaja drobilni transportni element 13, katerega naloga je drobljenje oz. trganje orobkanih storžev ter odstranjevanje oz. transport ostankov le-teh in po potrebi tudi ličkovine iz območja robkalne enote 8. Robkanje, t.j. odstranjevanje zrnja s storžev, poteka z drgnjenjem storžev ob omenjeno grobo rešetko 12, pri čemer se s storža odlušči ličkovina in odstrani zrnje. Namen robkanja je pridobiti koruznjo zrnje ter pri tem zavreči ličkovino in storže. Zrnje padaWhen the corn stem removed from the corn stem reaches the collecting unit 7, it is routed transversely according to the direction of travel, and then rolled to the internal conveyor 10 of the milling unit 8, which moves in the unchanged direction to the area of the working rotary milling element 11 at which or. beneath which is a coarse grate 12. Depending on the direction of travel behind said scraper element 11, there is a crushing conveyor element 13, the task of which is crushing or grinding. tearing of frayed cones and removing or removing the cones. transporting residues thereof and, where appropriate, larvae from the area of the robbery unit 8. Robbery, i.e. removal of the grain from the cones is done by rubbing the cones along said coarse grid 12, whereby the larvae are removed from the cone and the grain removed. The purpose of gambling is to obtain corn kernels while discarding the larva and cones. The grains are falling

-1010 skozi grobo rešetko 12 na fino rešetko 14, ki zrnje zadrži oz. ga preusmeri do zunanjega transporterja 16”, ki je prirejen za transport zrnja v zbiralno posodo 15. Ločevanje ličkovine in morebitnih odpadlih delov storžev, stebel ali drugih neželenih delcev od zrnja se vrši deloma že v območju med robkalnim elementom 11 in grobo rešetko 12, dokončno pa v območju nad fino rešetko 14 oz. pod grobo rešetko 12. Eden od možnih načinov ločevanja zrnja od omenjenih odpadkov je separacija s pomočjo zračnega toka, ki se ga ustvari s pomočjo ustreznega ventilatoija, ki na skici sicer ni posebej prikazan, gnan paje lahko s pomočjo transmisijskega sklopa 3, in sicer spet bodisi posredno preko pogonske enote 5 zbiralnega sklopa 7 ali neposredno. Zračni tok je usmerjen v nasprotni smeri vožnje in med padanjem zrnja skupaj z neželenimi ostanki ličkovine in storžev iz območja grobe rešetke 12 na fino rešetko 14 odnaša vse razen zrnja samega.-1010 through the coarse grate 12 to the fine grate 14, which holds the grain. it is diverted to an external conveyor 16 ”adapted for transporting the grain into the collecting vessel 15. Separation of the larva and any loose parts of the cones, stems or other unwanted particles from the grain is carried out partly already in the area between the miter element 11 and the coarse grate 12, finally and in the area above the fine grate 14 oz. 12. One of the possible ways of separating the grain from said waste is separation by means of an air stream, which is created by means of a suitable ventilation which is not shown separately in the sketch, but may be driven by a transmission assembly 3, again either indirectly through the drive unit 5 of the collector assembly 7 or directly. The airflow is directed in the opposite direction of travel and, during the fall of the grain, along with the unwanted remnants of the larvae and cones from the area of the coarse grate 12, takes all but the grain itself to the fine grate 14.

Pri prikazani prednostni izvedbi naprave po izumu se zunanja transporterja 16', 16” ličkalne enote 9 in robkalne enote 8 med seboj razlikujeta, kar pa v splošnem ni nujno. V prikazanem primeru po sl. 3 je namreč transporter 16' ličkalne enote 9 še zlasti primeren za transportiran]e kosovnega materiala, namreč koruznih storžev, medtem ko je transporter 16 po sl. 5 še zlasti primeren za transportiranje sipkega oz. zrnatega materiala, namreč koruznega zrnja. V splošnem bi bilo mogoče zunanji transporter 16', 16 poenotiti tako, da bi bil primeren za transportiranje kosovnega in/ali sipkega materiala, pri čemer bi pri odstranjevanju vsake od omenjenih enot 8, 9 odstranjevanje transporteija 16, 16” niti ne bilo potrebno.In the preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the external conveyors 16 ', 16' of the make-up unit 9 and the robber unit 8 differ from each other, which is not generally necessary. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the conveyor 16 'of the makeup unit 9 is particularly suitable for transporting bulky material, namely corn cones, while the conveyor 16 of FIG. 5 is especially suitable for transporting bulk or grain material, namely corn grain. In general, the outer conveyor 16 ', 16 could be standardized so as to be suitable for the transport of bulky and / or bulk material, without even removing the conveyor 16, 16' when removing each of said units 8, 9.

Za obiranje predvidena koruza je v zgodnejši fazi zrelosti primerna za ličkanje, ne pa tudi za robkanje. Zato v tem obdobju na mobilno ogrodje 1, na katerem se nahaja tudi zbiralna posoda 15, namestimo ličkalno enoto 9 s pripadajočim zunanjim transporterjem 16', ki med obiranjem koruze omogoča transportiranje ličkanih koruznih storžev iz območja ličkalne enote 9 v zbiralno posodo 15.The maize intended for harvest is suitable for makeup but not for gouging at an earlier stage of maturity. Therefore, during this period, the make-up unit 9, with its associated external conveyor 16 ', is installed on the mobile frame 1, which also contains the collecting vessel 15, which, during the harvesting of maize, allows the transport of the made-up corn cones from the area of the make-up unit 9 to the collecting vessel 15.

-1111-1111

Kasneje, v fazi popolne zrelosti koruze, ličkalno enoto 9 odstranimo z ogrodja 1 in na ogrodje namestimo robkalno enoto 8. Po izbiri zamenjamo tudi zunanji transporter 16', 16, medtem ko vsi preostali deli ogrodja 1 vključno z zbiralno posodo 15 ostanejo na svojem mestu in nespremenjeni.Later, at the stage of complete maturity of the maize, the larvae unit 9 is removed from the frame 1 and a frame unit 8 is mounted on the frame. Optionally, an external conveyor 16 ', 16 is also replaced, while all other parts of the frame 1 including the collecting vessel 15 remain in place. and unchanged.

Strokovnjaku bo razumljivo, da je tako zasnovana naprava zahvaljujoč možnosti alternativne namestitve vsakokrat ustrezne ličkelne enote 9 ali robkalne enote 8 uporabljiva v celotnem obdobju obiranja koruze, od najbolj zgodnje do najbolj pozne faze zrelosti le-te, zato je lahko temu primemo bolje izkoriščena. Začetna investicija ob nakupu tovrstne naprave je bistveno nižja od investicije pri nakupu dveh specialnih naprav, od katerih je vsaka uporabljiva zgolj v istveno krajšem Časovnem intervalu kot naprava po izumu. Prednosti so očitne tudi pri vzdrževanju, oskrbi z rezervnimi deli in na drugih področjih.It will be appreciated by the person skilled in the art that, thanks to the possibility of alternatively positioning the respective makeup unit 9 or the harvesting unit 8, it is usable throughout the harvesting period, from the earliest to the latest stage of maturity, so that it can be better utilized. The initial investment for the purchase of this type of device is significantly lower than the investment for the purchase of two special devices, each of which is usable only at a significantly shorter time interval than the device of the invention. Advantages are also evident in maintenance, spare parts and other areas.

Claims (15)

PATENTNI ZAHTEVKIPATENT APPLICATIONS 1. Naprava za obiranje koruze, namreč s pomočjo ruda (2) k vsakokrat ustrezni vlečni napravi priključljiva in s slednjo vlečena naprava brez lastnega pogonskega agregata, katere delovni elementi so gnani s pomočjo v ta namen predvidene pogonske gredi omenjene vlečne naprave, pri čemer tovrstna naprava sestoji iz mobilnega ogrodja (1) ki poleg omenjenega ruda (2) obsega zbiralno posodo (15) in želeno število trgalnih enot (6', 6), ob katerih je nameščen zbiralni sklop (7), ki je predviden za zbiranje in usmerjanje v območju trgalnih enot (6', 6”) od koruznih stebel ločenih koruznih storžev in katerega pogonski sklop (5) je gnan s pomočjo na ogrodju (1) razpoložljivega transmisij skega sklopa (3), ki je preko ustrezne gredi (4) ali podobnega prenosnega elementa povezljiv s prej omenjeno pogonsko gredjo vlečne naprave, označen s tem, da je mobilno ogrodje (1) prirejeno za alternativno pritrditev bodisi ličkalne enote (9) ali robkalne enote (8).1. A maize harvesting device, namely, by means of an ore (2), a device which is connected to the respective traction device and, without the propulsion system of its own, whose working elements are driven by the propulsion shaft of the said traction device for this purpose. the apparatus consists of a mobile frame (1) which, in addition to said ore (2), comprises a collecting vessel (15) and a desired number of tear-off units (6 ', 6), adjacent to the collecting assembly (7) intended for collection and routing in the area of the harvesting units (6 ', 6') from the maize stalks of the separate maize cones and whose drive assembly (5) is driven by a transaxle assembly (3) available through the corresponding shaft (4) through the corresponding shaft (4), or of a similar transmission element connected to the aforementioned drive shaft of the towing device, characterized in that the mobile frame (1) is adapted for alternative attachment of either the make-up unit (9) or the edge unit (8). 2. Naprava po zahtevku 1, označena s tem, da je mobilno ogrodje (1) prirejeno za alternativno pritrditev bodisi ličkalne enote (9) ali robkalne enote (8), pri čemer je med vsakokrat prisotno ličkalno enoto (9) oz. robkalno enoto (8) in zbiralno posodo (15) nameščen zunanji transporter (16’, 16).Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the mobile frame (1) is adapted for alternative attachment of either the make-up unit (9) or the edge-set unit (8), with in each case a make-up unit (9) or. robber unit (8) and an external conveyor (16 ', 16) are installed in the collecting tank (15). 3. Naprava po zahtevku 1, označena s tem, daje na mobilnem ogrodju (1), gledano v smeri vožnje, za zbiralnim sklopom (7) predvideno mesto alternativne pritrditve (19) bodisi ličkalne enote (9) ali robkalne enote (8).Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the mobile mounting frame (1), in the direction of travel, is provided with an alternative attachment position (19) for either the make-up unit (9) or the edge unit (8) behind the collecting assembly (7). 4. Naprava po zahtevku 1, označena s tem, da je mobilno ogrodje (1) prirejeno za alternativno pritrditev bodisi ličkalne enote (9) skupaj s pripadajočim zunanjim transporterjem (16') za transport koruznih storžev do zbiralne posode (15) ali robkalneApparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the mobile frame (1) is adapted for alternative attachment of either the make-up unit (9) together with the associated external conveyor (16 ') for transporting the corn cobs to the collecting vessel (15) or robbery -1313 enote (8) skupaj s pripadajočim zunanjim transporterjem (16) za transport koruznega zrnja do zbiralne posode (15).-1313 units (8) together with the associated external conveyor (16) for transporting maize grain to the collection vessel (15). 5. Naprava po enem od zahtevkov 1 do 4, označena s tem, da ličkalna enota (9) obsega notranji transporter (17) in pod slednjim razporejene vrtljive ličkalne valje (18).Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the makeup unit (9) comprises an internal conveyor (17) and rotating makeup rollers (18) arranged below it. 6. Naprava po enem od zahtevkov 1 do 4, označena s tem, da ličkalna enota (9) obsega vsaj notranji transporter (17) in pod slednjim razporejene ličkalne valje (18), oboje gnano s pomočjo na mobilnem ogrodju (1) razpoložljivega transmisij skega sklopa (3).Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the make-up unit (9) comprises at least an internal conveyor (17) and arranged make-up cylinders (18), both driven by means of mobile transmissions (1) available on the mobile frame (1). assembly (3). 7. Naprava po zahtevku 5, označena s tem, da ličkalna enota (9) obsega vsaj notranji transporter (17) in pod slednjim razporejene ličkalne valje (18) kot tudi vsaj en zunanji transporter (16'), predviden za transport koruznih storžev iz območja ličkalne enote (9) do zbiralne posode (15).Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the make-up unit (9) comprises at least an internal conveyor (17) and arranged underneath the roller cylinders (18) as well as at least one external conveyor (16 ') intended for the transport of corn cones from the areas of the makeup unit (9) to the collection vessel (15). 8. Naprava po zahtevku 7, označena s tem, da ličkalna enota (9) obsega vsaj notranji transporter (17) in pod slednjim razporejene ličkalne valje (18) kot tudi vsaj en zunanji transporter (16’), predviden za transport koruznih storžev od ličkalne enote (9) do zbiralne posode (15), pri čemer so omenjeni ličkalni valji (18) in omenjena transporteija (16', 17) gnani s pomočjo na mobilnem ogrodju (1) razpoložljivega transmisij skega sklopa (3).Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the make-up unit (9) comprises at least an internal conveyor (17) and arranged underneath the roller cylinders (18) as well as at least one external conveyor (16 ') for transporting corn cones from the suction units (9) to the collection vessel (15), wherein said suction cylinders (18) and said conveyor (16 ', 17) are driven by means of an available transmission assembly (3) on the mobile frame (1). 9. Naprava po enem od zahtevkov 1 do 4, označena s tem, da robkalna enota (8) obsega vsaj notranji transporter (10) in ob slednjem razporejen rotacijski robkalni element (11), ob katerem, zlasti pod njim, je nameščena groba rešetka (12), pod slednjo pa še fina rešetka (14).Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the edging unit (8) comprises at least an internal conveyor (10) and a rotary edging element (11) arranged next to it, with a coarse grille arranged in particular below it. (12) and below the latter a fine grid (14). -1414-1414 10. Naprava po zahtevku 9, označena s tem, da robkalna enota (8) - gledano v smeri vožnje - za omenjenim rotacijskim robkalnim elementom (11) obsega tudi drobilni element (13).Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the edging unit (8) - in the direction of travel - also comprises the crushing element (13) behind said rotary edging element (11). 11. Naprava po zahtevku 9, označena s tem, da sta notranji transporter (10) in ob slednjem razporejen rotacijski robkalni element (11) robkalne enote (8) gnana preko na mobilnem ogrodju (1) razpoložljivega transmisijskega sklopa (3).Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the internal conveyor (10) and the rotating rotor element (11) of the rotor unit (8) are disposed along the latter, via an available transmission assembly (3) on the mobile frame (1). 12. Naprava po enem od zahtevkov 1 do 4, označena s tem, da robkalna enota (8) poleg zunanjega transporterja (16), ki je predviden za transport koruznega zrnja iz območja robkalne enote (8) do zbiralne posode (15), obsega vsaj Še en drobilni element (13) in glede na smer vožnje pred slednjim razporejen rotacijski robkalni element (11), ob katerem, vsej v pretežni meri pod njim, je nameščena groba rešetka (12), pod slednjo pa še fina rešetka (14).Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the edging unit (8), in addition to the external conveyor (16), which is intended for transporting maize grain from the area of the edging unit (8) to the collection vessel (15), comprises at least one further crushing element (13) and a rotary robber element (11) disposed in relation to the direction of travel in front of the latter, with a coarse grate (12) and a fine grille (14) placed substantially below it. . 13. Naprava po enem od zahtevkov 9 do 12, označena s tem, da obsega sredstvo za ustvaijanje zračnega toka v nasprotni smeri vožnje vsaj v območju med grobo rešetko (12) in pod slednjo razporejeno fino rešetko (14).Apparatus according to one of Claims 9 to 12, characterized in that it comprises a means for generating airflow in the opposite direction of travel at least in the area between the coarse grate (12) and the fine grate (14) arranged below it. 14. Naprava po enem od zahtevkov 9 do 12, označena s tem, da obsega sredstvo za ustvarjanje zračnega toka v nasprotni smeri vožnje vsaj v območju med grobo rešetko (12) in pod slednjo razporejeno fino rešetko (14), pri čemer je omenjeno sredstvo gnano s pomočjo na mobilnem ogrodju (1) razpoložljivega transmisijskega sklopa (3).Apparatus according to one of Claims 9 to 12, characterized in that it comprises means for generating an air flow in the opposite direction of travel at least in the area between the coarse grate (12) and the fine grate (14) arranged below it, said means driven by means of an available transmission assembly (3) on the mobile frame (1). 15. Naprava po zahtevku 10, označena s tem, da robkalna enota (8) - gledano v smeri vožnje - za omenjenim rotacijskim robkalnim elementom (11) obsega tudi rotacijski drobilni transportni element (13).Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that the rotor unit (8) - in the direction of travel - behind said rotary rotor element (11) also comprises a rotary crusher transport element (13).