SE537308C2

SE537308C2 - Method and system for controlling an internal combustion engine through control of combustion in an internal combustion chamber during the current combustion cycle

Info

Publication number: SE537308C2
Application number: SE1350511A
Authority: SE
Inventors: Ola Stenlåås; Kenan Muric
Original assignee: Scania Cv Ab
Priority date: 2013-04-25
Filing date: 2013-04-25
Publication date: 2015-04-07
Also published as: SE1350511A1; BR112015024995A2; DE112014001776B4; WO2014175821A1; DE112014001776T5

Abstract

Sammandrag Foreliggande uppfinning hanfor sig till ett forfarande for styrning av en forbranningsmotor (101), varvid namnda forbranningsmotor (101) innefattar atminstone en forbranningskammare (201) och organ (202) for tillfOrsel av bransle till namnda forbranningskammare (201), varvid forbranning i namnda forbranningskammare (201) sker i forbranningscykler. Forfarandet är kannetecknat av att: under en forsta del av en forsta forbranningscykel, estimera ett forsta matt pa kvaveoxider (NO) resulterande vid forbranning under namnda forsta forbranningscykel, och baserat pa namnda forsta matt, reglera forbranning under en pafoljande del av namnda forsta forbranningscykel. Uppfinningen avser aven ett system och ett fordon. The present invention relates to a method of controlling an internal combustion engine (101), said combustion engine (101) comprising at least one combustion chamber (201) and means (202) for supplying fuel to said combustion chamber (201), wherein combustion in said combustion chamber (201) occurs in combustion cycles. The method is characterized by: during a first part of a first combustion cycle, estimating a first mat on nitrogen oxides (NO) resulting from combustion during said first combustion cycle, and based on said first mat, regulating combustion during a subsequent part of said first combustion cycle. The invention also relates to a system and a vehicle.

Description

537 308 FORFARANDE OCH SYSTEM FOR REGLERING AV EN FORBRANNINGSMOTOR GENOM REGLERING AV FORBRANNINGEN I EN FORBRANNINGSKAMMARE UNDER PAGAENDE FORBRANNINGSCYKEL Uppfinningens omrAde Foreliggande uppfinning hanfor sig till forbranningsmotorer, och i synnerhet till ett forfarande far reglering av en fOrbranningsmotor enligt ingressen till patentkravet 1. Uppfinningen avser aven ett system och ett fordon, liksom ett datorprogram och en datorprogramprodukt, vilka implementerar forfarandet enligt uppfinningen. FIELD OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention systems and a vehicle, as well as a computer program and a computer program product, which implement the method according to the invention.

Uppfinningens bakgrund NedanstAende bakgrundsbeskrivning utgor bakgrundsbeskrivning for uppfinningen, och behover sAledes inte nodvandigtvis utgora kand teknik. Background of the Invention The following description of the invention constitutes a background description of the invention, and thus does not necessarily constitute a prior art.

PA grund av okade myndighetsintressen avseende fororeningar och luftkvalitet har utslapps (emissions) -standarder och utslappsbestammelser avseende utslapp frAn forbranningsmotorer framtagits i manga jurisdiktioner. Due to increased government interests regarding pollution and air quality, emission standards and emission regulations regarding emissions from internal combustion engines have been developed in many jurisdictions.

Dylika utslappsbestammelser utgor ofta kravuppsattningar vilka definierar acceptabla granser for avgasutslapp vid fordon utrustade med forbranningsmotorer. Exempelvis regleras ofta nivaer for utslapp av kvaveoxider (NO), kolvaten (HC) och kolmonoxid (CO). Dessa utslappsbestammelser kan aven t.ex. hantera forekomst av partiklar i avgasutslapp. Such emission regulations often constitute sets of requirements which define acceptable limits for exhaust emissions in vehicles equipped with internal combustion engines. For example, levels of emissions of nitrogen oxides (NO), hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) are often regulated. These emission regulations can also e.g. manage the presence of particles in exhaust emissions.

I en stravan att uppfylla dessa utslappsbestammelser behandlas (renas) de avgaser som orsakas av farbranningsmotorns forbranning. T.ex. kan en s.k. katalytisk reningsprocess utnyttjas, varfor ocksa avgasbehandlingssystem, sasom vid t.ex. fordon och andra farkoster, vanligtvis innefattar en eller flera katalysatorer och/eller andra komponenter. Tex. 1 537 308 innefattar avgasbehandlingssystem vid fordon med dieselmotor ofta partikelfilter. In an effort to comply with these emission regulations, the exhaust gases caused by the combustion engine's combustion are treated (purified). For example. can a s.k. catalytic purification process is used, why also exhaust gas treatment systems, as in e.g. vehicles and other vehicles, usually include one or more catalysts and / or other components. For example. 1,537,308 exhaust gas treatment systems in vehicles with diesel engines often include particulate filters.

Forekomsten av oonskade foreningar i det fran forbranningsmotorns resulterande avgasflodet orsakas i star utstrackning av forbrAnningsprocessen i forbranningsmotorns forbranningskammare, Atminstone delvis beroende pA den mangd bransle som AtgAr vid forbrAnningen. Av denna anledning, samt av det faktum att en mycket star del av framforallt tunga fordons driftsekonomi styrs av mangden forbrukat bransle, laggs Oven star moda pA att effektivisera forbranningsmotorns forbranning vid stravan att minska utslapp samt bransleforbrukning. The occurrence of undesired compounds in the exhaust gas resulting from the internal combustion engine is caused to a large extent by the combustion process in the internal combustion engine's combustion chamber, at least partly due to the amount of industry that is involved in the combustion. For this reason, as well as the fact that a very large part of the heavy economy's operating economy in particular is governed by the amount of fuel consumed, Oven is committed to streamlining the combustion engine's combustion in order to reduce emissions and fuel consumption.

Sammanfattning av uppfinningen Det Or ett syfte med foreliggande uppfinning att tillhandahAlla ett forfarande for reglering av en forbranningsmotor. Detta syfte uppnas med ett forfarande enligt patentkrav 1. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of controlling an internal combustion engine. This object is achieved by a method according to claim 1.

Foreliggande uppfinning hanfor sig till ett forfarande fOr styrning av en forbranningsmotor, varvid namnda forbranningsmotor innefattar Atminstone en forbrAnningskammare och organ for tillforsel av bransle till namnda forbranningskammare, varvid forbranning i namnda forbranningskammare sker i forbranningscykler. Forfarandet Or kAnnetecknat av att: - under en forsta del av en forsta forbranningscykel estimeras ett fOrsta matt pA kvaveoxider NO resulterande vid forbranning under nAmnda forsta forbranningscykel, och - baserat pA namnda forsta matt, regleras forbranning under en pafoljande del av namnda forsta fOrbranningscykel. The present invention relates to a method for controlling an internal combustion engine, said combustion engine comprising at least one combustion chamber and means for supplying fuel to said combustion chamber, wherein combustion in said combustion chamber takes place in combustion cycles. The process Or characterized in that: - during a first part of a first combustion cycle, a first mat is estimated on nitrogen oxides NO resulting from combustion during said first combustion cycle, and - based on said first mat, combustion is regulated during a subsequent part of said first combustion.

SAsom har namnts ovan har fOrbranningsmotorns verkningsgrad star inverkan pA ett fordons totalekonomi, i synnerhet med 2 537 308 avseende pa tunga fordon. Av denna anledning är det ofta onskvart att forbranningen styrs pa ett satt som medfor en sa effektiv forbranning som mojligt. As mentioned above, the efficiency of the internal combustion engine has an impact on the overall economy of a vehicle, in particular with 2,537,308 for heavy vehicles. For this reason, it is often undesirable for combustion to be controlled in a manner that results in as efficient combustion as possible.

Forbranningen kan aven styras med avseende pa onskade avgasegenskaper. T.ex. kan insprutningstidpunkt och/eller mangden insprutat bransle styras for att paverka farbranningens forlopp och dammed t.ex. avgasstrommens temperatur och/eller sammansattning. I vissa fall kan det t.ex. vara onskvart med en hogre avgastemperatur pa bekostnad av fOrbranningsmotorns verkningsgrad for att onskad funktion for en eller flera komponenter i efterbehandlingssystemet ska erhallas. Det kan Aven vara sá att den totala verkningsgraden, med aven avgasefterbehandlingen inraknad, kan forbattras aven vid en forsamring av forbranningsmotorns verkningsgrad, t.ex. pga. minskad atgang av reduktionsmedel, sasom t.ex. ureatillforsel for reducering av kvaveoxider NOR, dvs. kvavemomoxid NO respektive kvavedioxld NO2, vilka allmant innefattas i samlingsbegreppet kvaveoxider NOR, i avgasstrommen. Det kan aven vid vissa situationer vara acceptabelt med en forsamring av den totala verkningsgraden, t.ex. for att uppna nagot onskat forhallande i efterbehandlingssystemet. The combustion can also be controlled with regard to the desired exhaust properties. For example. the time of injection and / or the amount of injected industry can be controlled to influence the course of the combustion and thus e.g. exhaust gas temperature and / or composition. In some cases, it can e.g. be desired with a higher exhaust temperature at the expense of the efficiency of the internal combustion engine in order to obtain the desired function for one or more components in the after-treatment system. It may also be the case that the total efficiency, including the exhaust aftertreatment, can also be improved in the event of an accumulation of the efficiency of the internal combustion engine, e.g. pga. reduced access to reducing agents, such as e.g. urea supply for reduction of nitrogen oxides NOR, ie. nitrous oxide NO and nitrogen dioxide NO2, respectively, which are generally included in the collective term nitrogen oxides NOR, in the exhaust stream. It may also be acceptable in certain situations with a narrowing of the overall efficiency, e.g. to achieve somewhat undesirable behavior in the finishing system.

Foreliggande uppfinning avser en reglering av forbranningsprocessen dar en pagaende forbranningscykels forlopp kan regleras under pagaende farbranning mot ett onskat resultat av forbranningen. I synnerhet styrs forbranningens forlopp med avseende pa en resulterande kvaveoxidhalt vid forbranningen. The present invention relates to a control of the combustion process in which the course of an ongoing combustion cycle can be regulated during ongoing combustion against a desired result of the combustion. In particular, the course of the combustion is controlled with respect to a resulting nitrogen oxide content during the combustion.

Regleringen enligt fOreliggande uppfinning kan Astadkommas genom att under en forsta del av en forsta forbranningscykel estimera ett forsta matt pa kvaveoxider NOR, sAsom en halt och/eller en mangd/massa for resulterande kvavemonoxid (NO) 3 537 308 och/eller kvavedioxid (NO2), som resulterar ur forbranning under namnda fOrsta forbranningscykel, och - baserat pa namnda forsta matt, regleras forbranningen under en paftiljande del av namnda forsta forbranningscykel i syfte att under pagaende forbranningscykel paverka de resulterade kvaveoxiderna NOR. The control according to the present invention can be achieved by estimating during a first part of a first combustion cycle a first mat on nitrogen oxides NOR, such as a content and / or an amount / mass of the resulting nitrogen monoxide (NO) 3,537,308 and / or nitrogen dioxide (NO2). , which results from combustion during said first combustion cycle, and - based on said first mat, the combustion is regulated during a subsequent part of said first combustion cycle in order to affect the resulting nitrogen oxides NOR during the current combustion cycle.

Genom att forfara pa detta satt kan de vid forbranningen resulterande kvaveoxiderna NO regleras, sa att onskad reglering sasom t.ex. minimering av kvaveoxider NO i stor utstrackning kan erhallas vid forbranningen. T.ex. kan det vara onskvart att den totala mangden kvaveoxider NO maximalt uppgAr till flagon tillamplig mangd. T.ex. kan kvaveoxidutslappen regleras i syfte att ligga sA nara lagstiftningen som mojligt nar det galler kvaveoxidutslapp, med positive inverkan pa bransleforbrukningen som fOljd. By proceeding in this way, the nitrogen oxides resulting from the combustion can be regulated NO, so that the desired regulation such as e.g. minimization of nitrogen oxides NO to a large extent can be obtained during combustion. For example. it may be unfortunate that the total amount of nitrogen oxides NO to a maximum amounts to the flag applicable amount. For example. Nitrogen oxide emissions can be regulated in order to be as close to the legislation as possible when it comes to nitrogen oxide emissions, with a positive impact on fuel consumption as a result.

Alternativt kan det vara onskvart att i mojligaste man forsoka reducera/minimera de vid forbranningen resulterande kvaveoxiderna NOR. Enligt uppfinningen kan saledes de vid forbranning vanligen resulterande men ocinskade kvaveoxiderna NO regleras redan under forbranningsfOrloppet, t.ex. for att minska belastningen pa efterbehandlingssystem, och t.ex. i syfte att minska anvandning av reduktions (tillsats) -medel sasom ureainnehallande tillsatsmedel. Alternatively, it may be unwise to try to reduce / minimize the nitrogen oxides NOR resulting from the combustion as much as possible. Thus, according to the invention, the nitrogen oxides usually resulting from combustion can be regulated, while the nitrogen-free nitrogen oxides NO can already be regulated during the combustion process, e.g. to reduce the load on finishing systems, and e.g. in order to reduce the use of reducing (additive) agents such as urea-containing additives.

Regleringen enligt foreliggande uppfinning kan Astadkommas genom att under en forsta del av en forbranningscykel faststalla ett parametervarde representerande en storhet vid forbranningen, sasom t.ex. ett i forbranningskammaren radande tryck. Baserat pa detta parametervarde, sasom saledes t.ex. radande tryck, kan resulterande kvaveoxider NO under forbranningscykeln, inte bara fOr den redan forflutna delen av forbranningscykeln utan aven for den kommande delen av namnda forbranningscykel, estimeras, varvid forbranningen under 4 537 308 efterfoljande del av forbranningscykeln sedan kan regleras med avseende pa resulterande kvaveoxider NO., dar t.ex. forbranningen under efterfoljande del av namnda forbranningscykel kan regleras i syfte att jamfort med estimerade resulterande kvaveoxider NC. reducera de resulterande kvaveoxiderna NO sa att de under forbranningscykeln faktiskt resulterande kvaveoxiderna NO t.ex. kan reduceras i forhallande till estimerade kvaveoxider NO.. The control according to the present invention can be achieved by determining during a first part of a combustion cycle a parameter value representing a quantity in the combustion, such as e.g. a pressure radiating in the combustion chamber. Based on this parameter value, such as e.g. pressure, the resulting nitrogen oxides NO during the combustion cycle, not only for the already past part of the combustion cycle but also for the next part of said combustion cycle, can be estimated, the combustion during the subsequent part of the combustion cycle then being regulated with respect to the resulting nitrogen oxides. ., dar e.g. the combustion during the subsequent part of said combustion cycle can be regulated in order to compare with estimated resulting nitrogen oxides NC. reduce the resulting nitrogen oxides NO so that the nitrogen oxides NO actually resulting during the combustion cycle e.g. can be reduced in relation to estimated nitrogen oxides NO ..

Vid regleringen av forbranningen kan forbranningen vara anordnad att regleras med avseende pa nagon tillamplig storhet, sasom t.ex. tryck och/eller temperatur forbranningskammaren, varvid de resulterande kvaveoxiderna NO kan regleras genom att reglera namnda storhet, sasom saledes t.ex. tryck och/eller temperatur, dar regleringen utfors baserat pa ett samband mellan trycket och/eller temperaturen under forbranningen och resulterande kvaveoxider NO.. Regleringen vara anordnad att styras baserat pa den temperatur och/eller tryckforandring som fOrbranningsfarloppet genomgar under forbranningscykeln, dvs. reglering kan utforas baserat pa hur forbranningstemperaturen varierar under forbranningen, dar forbranningen t.ex. i mojligaste man kan bringas att folja flagon tillamplig tryck-/temperaturkurva, varvid denna tryck/temperaturvariation styrs genom att paverka forbranningen under pagaende forbranningscykel sa att en onskad variation under forbranningen erhalls. Regleringen kan t.ex. vara anordnad att styras mot en empiriskt eller pa annat satt faststalld tryck-/temperaturkurva (spar), alternativt t.ex. mot en begransning av den maximala temperatur och/eller det maximala tryck som uppstar under forbranningen. When regulating the combustion, the combustion may be arranged to be regulated with respect to some applicable quantity, such as e.g. pressure and / or temperature of the combustion chamber, whereby the resulting nitrogen oxides NO can be regulated by regulating said quantity, such as e.g. pressure and / or temperature, where the control is performed based on a relationship between the pressure and / or the temperature during the combustion and the resulting nitrogen oxides NO. regulation can be performed based on how the combustion temperature varies during combustion, where the combustion e.g. as far as possible, the applicable pressure / temperature curve can be caused to follow, the pressure / temperature variation being controlled by influencing the combustion during the current combustion cycle so that an undesired variation is obtained during the combustion. The regulation can e.g. be arranged to be controlled against an empirical or otherwise determined pressure / temperature curve (save), alternatively e.g. against a limitation of the maximum temperature and / or the maximum pressure that arises during combustion.

Styrningen av forbranningen kan aven vara anordnad att utforas individuellt for varje cylinder, och det är aven mojligt att 537 308 reglera en forbranning vid en efterfoljande forbranningscykel baserat pA information fran en eller flera tidigare forbranningsprocesser. The control of the combustion can also be arranged to be performed individually for each cylinder, and it is also possible to control a combustion in a subsequent combustion cycle based on information from one or more previous combustion processes.

Denna typ av reglering har fordelen att t.ex. skillnader mellan olika cylindrar kan detekteras och kompenseras med hjalp av individuell justering av parametrar for en specifik cylinder, sasom oppningstid for insprutningsmunstycken etc. Det kan dock aven vara sá att olika styrning av olika cylindrar kan vara onskvard, t.ex. for att styra vissa cylindrar mot uppfyllande av nAgot kriterium, och andra cylindrar mot nagot annat tillampligt kriterium, vilket ocksa kan Astadkommas enligt uppfinningen. Vidare kan endast en eller en delmangd av cylindrarna vara anordnade att styras enligt uppfinningen, medan forbranningen i ovriga cylindrar kan utforas pA sedvanligt eller annat tillampligt satt. This type of regulation has the advantage that e.g. differences between different cylinders can be detected and compensated with the help of individual adjustment of parameters for a specific cylinder, such as opening time for injection nozzles, etc. However, it can also be the case that different control of different cylinders can be difficult, e.g. to steer certain cylinders towards meeting any criterion, and other cylinders against any other applicable criterion, which can also be achieved according to the invention. Furthermore, only one or a subset of the cylinders can be arranged to be controlled according to the invention, while the combustion in other cylinders can be carried out in the usual or otherwise applicable manner.

Enligt en utforingsform faststalls ett insprutningsschema som resulterar i att Atminstone halften av onskat arbete utrattas for att sakerstalla att inte det utrattade arbetet kan regleras till alltfor lag nivA nar genererade kvaveoxider NO regleras. According to one embodiment, an injection schedule is established which results in at least half of the desired work being exhausted to ensure that the exhausted work cannot be regulated to excessively low levels when generated nitrogen oxides NO are regulated.

Forfarandet enligt foreliggande uppf inning kan t.ex. implementeras med hjalp av en eller flera FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array)- kretsar, och/eller en eller flera ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit)-kretsar, eller andra typer av kretsar som kan hantera onskad berakningshastighet. The method according to the present invention can e.g. implemented using one or more FPGAs (Field-Programmable Gate Array) circuits, and / or one or more ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit) circuits, or other types of circuits that can handle the desired computational speed.

Ytterligare kannetecken for foreliggande uppfinning och fordelar darav kommer att framgA ur foljande detaljerade beskrivning av exempelutforingsformer och de bifogade ritningarna. 6 537 308 Kort beskrivning av ritningar Fig. 1A visar schematiskt ett fordon vid vilket foreliggande uppfinning kan anvandas. Additional features of the present invention and advantages thereof will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1A schematically shows a vehicle to which the present invention can be applied.

Fig. 1B visar en styrenhet i styrsystemet for det i fig. lA visade fordonet. Fig. 1B shows a control unit in the control system for the vehicle shown in Fig. 1A.

Fig. 2visar forbranningsmotorn vid det i fig. lA visade fordonet mer i detalj. Fig. 2 shows the internal combustion engine of the vehicle shown in Fig. 1A in more detail.

Fig. 3visar ett exempelforfarande enligt foreliggande uppfinning. Fig. 3 shows an exemplary method according to the present invention.

Fig. 4visar ett exempel pa ett estimerat temperaturspar for en farbranning. Fig. 4 shows an example of an estimated temperature pair for a color burn.

Fig. 5A-B visar ett exempel pa reglering vid situationer med fler an tre insprutningar. Figs. 5A-B show an example of control in situations with more than three injections.

Fig. 6visar ett exempel pa en MPC-reglering. Fig. 6 shows an example of an MPC control.

Fig. 7askadliggor ett alternativt forfarande for estimering av tryckfOrandring under en forbranningsprocess. Fig. 7 illustrates an alternative method for estimating pressure change during a combustion process.

Detaljerad beskrivning av utforingsformer Fig. lA visar schematiskt en drivlina i ett fordon 100 enligt en utforingsform av foreliggande uppfinning. Drivlinan innefattar en forbranningsmotor 101, vilken pa ett sedvanligt satt, via en pa forbranningsmotorn 101 utgaende axel, vanligtvis via ett svanghjul 102, ax forbunden med en vaxellada 103 via en koppling 106. Detailed Description of Embodiments Fig. 1A schematically shows a driveline in a vehicle 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The driveline comprises an internal combustion engine 101, which is connected in a conventional manner, via a shaft outgoing on the internal combustion engine 101, usually via a flywheel 102, to a gearbox 103 via a clutch 106.

Forbranningsmotorn 101 styrs av fordonets styrsystem via en styrenhet 115. Likasa styrs kopplingen 106, vilken t.ex. kan utgoras av en automatiskt styrd koppling, och vaxelladan 103 av fordonets styrsystem med hjalp av en eller flera tillampliga styrenheter (ej visat). Naturligtvis kan fordonets drivlina aven vara av annan typ sasom t.ex. av en typ med 7 537 308 konventionell automatvaxellada eller av en typ med en manuellt vaxlad vaxellada etc. The internal combustion engine 101 is controlled by the vehicle's control system via a control unit 115. Likewise, the clutch 106, which e.g. can be constituted by an automatically controlled clutch, and the gearbox 103 of the vehicle's control system by means of one or more applicable control units (not shown). Of course, the vehicle's driveline can also be of another type such as e.g. of a type with 7 537 308 conventional automatic gearbox or of a type with a manually geared gearbox etc.

En fran vaxelladan 103 utgaende axel 107 driver drivhjul 113, 114 pa sedvanligt satt via slutvaxel och drivaxlar 104, 105. I fig. lA visas endast en axel med drivhjul 113, 114, men pa sedvanligt satt kan fordonet innefatta fler an en axel forsedd med drivhjul, liksom aven en eller flera ytterligare axlar, sasom en eller flera stodaxlar. Fordonet 100 innefattar vidare ett avgassystem med ett efterbehandlingssystem 200 for sedvanlig behandling (rening) av avgasutslapp resulterande fran forbranning i forbranningsmotorns 101 forbranningskammare (t.ex. cylindrar). A shaft 107 emanating from the gearbox 103 drives drive wheels 113, 114 in the usual manner via end shaft and drive shafts 104, 105. Fig. 1A shows only one shaft with drive wheels 113, 114, but in the usual way the vehicle may comprise more than one shaft provided with drive wheels, as well as one or more additional axles, such as one or more stand axles. The vehicle 100 further includes an exhaust system with a post-treatment system 200 for conventional treatment (purification) of exhaust emissions resulting from combustion in the combustion chamber (e.g., cylinders) of the combustion engine 101.

Efterbehandlingssystem innefattar ofta nagon form av katalytisk reningsprocess, dar en eller flera katalysatorer anvands for rening av avgaserna. Fordon med dieselmotor innefattar aven ofta ett dieselpartikelfilter (Diesel Particulate Filter, DPF) for att fanga upp vid forbranning av bransle i forbranningsmotorns forbranningskammare bildade sotpartiklar. Vidare kan efterbehandlingssystem vid fordon av den visade typen innefatta en oxidationskatalysator (Diesel Oxidation Catalyst, DOC). Oxidationskatalysatorn DOC har flera funktioner, och anvands normalt primart for att vid efterbehandlingen av avgasstrommen oxidera kvarvarande kolvaten och kolmonoxid i avgasstrommen till koldioxid och vatten. Oxidationskatalysatorn kan aven t.ex. oxidera kvavemonoxid (NO) till kvavedioxid (NO2) Efterbehandlingssystem kan aven innefatta fler/andra typer av komponenter an vad som har exemplifierats ovan, liksom aven farre komponenter. T.ex. kan efterbehandlingssystemet 200 innefatta en nedstroms om partikelfiltret anordnad SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) -katalysator. SCRkatalysatorer anvander ammoniak (NH3), eller sammansattning ur 8 537 308 vilken ammoniak kan genereras/bildas, som tillsatsmedel for reduktion av mangden kvaveoxider NO i avgasstrommen. Post-treatment systems often involve some form of catalytic purification process, where one or more catalysts are used to purify the exhaust gases. Vehicles with a diesel engine also often include a diesel particulate filter (DPF) to capture soot particles formed during the combustion of fuel in the combustion engine's combustion chamber. Furthermore, after-treatment systems in vehicles of the type shown may include an oxidation catalyst (DOC). The oxidation catalyst DOC has several functions, and is normally used primarily to oxidize the remaining hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide in the exhaust stream to carbon dioxide and water during the aftertreatment of the exhaust gas. The oxidation catalyst can also e.g. oxidize nitrogen monoxide (NO) to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) Finishing systems can also include more / other types of components than what has been exemplified above, as well as fewer components. For example. For example, the post-treatment system 200 may include a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) downstream of the particulate filter. SCR catalysts use ammonia (NH3), or a composition from which ammonia can be generated / formed, as an additive to reduce the amount of nitrogen oxides NO in the exhaust gas stream.

Vidare är forbranningsmotorer vid fordon av den i fig. lA visade typen ofta fersedda med styrbara injektorer for att tillfora onskad branslemangd vid Onskad tidpunkt i forbranningscykeln, sasom vid en specifik kolvposition (vevvinkelgrad) i fallet med en kolvmotor, till forbranningsmotorns fOrbranningskammare. Furthermore, internal combustion engines in vehicles of the type shown in Fig. 1A are often equipped with controllable injectors to supply the desired amount of fuel at the desired time in the combustion cycle, as at a specific piston position (crank angle) in the case of a piston engine, to the internal combustion engine combustion engine.

I fig. 2 visas schematiskt ett exempel pA ett bransleinsprutningssystem fbr den i fig. 1A exemplifierade forbranningsmotorn 101. Bransleinsprutningssystemet utgors av ett s.k. Common Rail-system, men uppfinningen ar lika tillamplig vid andra typer av insprutningssystem. I fig. 2 visas endast en cylinder/forbranningskammare 201 med en i cylindern verkande kolv 203, men forbranningsmotorn 101 utgors i foreliggande exempel av en sexcylindrig fOrbranningsmotor, och kan allmant utgoras av en motor med ett godtyckligt antal cylindrar/forbranningskammare, sasom t.ex. ett godtyckligt antal cylindrar/forbranningskammare i intervallet 1-20 eller annu fler. FOrbranningsmotorn innefattar vidare Atminstone en respektive injektor 202 for vane forbranningskammare (cylinder) 201. Varje respektive injektor anvands saledes for insprutning/tillforsel av bransle i en respektive forbranningskammare 201. Alternativt kan tvA eller flera injektorer per fOrbranningskammare anvandas. Injektorerna 202 är individuellt styrda av respektive och vid respektive injektor anordnade aktuatorer (ej visat), vilka baserat pa mottagna styrsignaler, sAsom t.ex. fran styrenheten 115, styr Oppning/stangning av injektorerna 202. Fig. 2 schematically shows an example of an fuel injection system for the combustion engine 101 exemplified in Fig. 1A. The fuel injection system consists of a so-called Common Rail systems, but the invention is equally applicable to other types of injection systems. Fig. 2 shows only a cylinder / combustion chamber 201 with a piston 203 acting in the cylinder, but the combustion engine 101 in the present example consists of a six-cylinder internal combustion engine, and can generally consist of an engine with an arbitrary number of cylinders / combustion chamber, such as e.g. . any number of cylinders / combustion chambers in the range 1-20 or more. The combustion engine further comprises at least one respective injector 202 for conventional combustion chamber (cylinder) 201. Each respective injector is thus used for injection / supply of fuel into a respective combustion chamber 201. Alternatively, two or more injectors per combustion chamber may be used. The injectors 202 are individually controlled by respective actuators (not shown) arranged at each injector, which are based on received control signals, such as e.g. from the control unit 115, controls the opening / closing of the injectors 202.

Styrsignalerna for styrning av aktuatorernas oppning/stangning av injektorerna 202 kan genereras av nagon tillamplig 9 537 308 styrenhet, sAsom i detta exempel av motorstyrenheten 115. Motorstyrenheten 115 fasts-taller saledes den mangd bransle som faktiskt skall insprutas vid nagon given tidpunkt, t.ex. baserat pa radande driftsforhallanden hos fordonet 100. The control signals for controlling the opening / closing of the injectors 202 by the actuators can be generated by any applicable control unit, as in this example by the motor control unit 115. The motor control unit 115 thus determines the amount of fuel to be actually injected at any given time, e.g. . based on the prevailing operating conditions of the vehicle 100.

Det i fig. 2 visade insprutningssystemet utgors alltsa av ett s.k. Common Rail-system, vilket innebar att samtliga injektorer (och darmed fOrbranningskammare) fOrsOrjs med bransle fran ett gemensamt bransleror 204 (Common Rail), vilket med hjalp av en branslepump 205 fylls med bransle fran en bransletank (ej visad) samtidigt som branslet i roret 204, ocksa med hjalp av branslepumpen 205, trycksatts till ett visst tryck. Det i det gemensamma roret 204 hogt trycksatta branslet insprutas sedan i forbranningsmotorns 101 forbranningskammare 201 vid oppning av respektive injektor 202. Flera oppningar/stangningar av en specifik injektor kan utforas under en och samma forbranningscykel, varvid saledes flera insprutningar kan utforas under en forbranningscykels forbranning. Vidare är varje forbranningskammare forsedd med en respektive trycksensor 206 for avgivande av signaler av ett i forbranningskammaren radande tryck till t.ex. styrenheten 115. Trycksensorn kan t.ex. vara piezo-baserad och bor vara sá pass snabb att den kan avge vevvinkelupplosta trycksignaler, sasom t.ex. vid var 10:e, var 5:e eller vane vevvinkelgrad eller annat tillampligt intervall, sasom t.ex. an oftare. The injection system shown in Fig. 2 thus consists of a so-called Common Rail system, which meant that all injectors (and thus combustion chambers) are supplied with fuel from a common fuel line 204 (Common Rail), which with the help of a fuel pump 205 is filled with fuel from a fuel tank (not shown) at the same time as the fuel in the rudder 204, also with the aid of the fuel pump 205, is pressurized to a certain pressure. The highly pressurized fuel in the common tube 204 is then injected into the combustion chamber 201 of the internal combustion engine 101 at the opening of the respective injector 202. Several openings / rods of a specific injector can be made during one and the same combustion cycle. Furthermore, each combustion chamber is provided with a respective pressure sensor 206 for emitting signals of a pressure radiating in the combustion chamber to e.g. the control unit 115. The pressure sensor can e.g. be piezo-based and should be so fast that it can emit crank angle-resolved pressure signals, such as e.g. at every 10, every 5th or habit crank angle degree or other applicable interval, such as e.g. an oftare.

Med hjalp av system av den i fig. 2 visade typen kan forbranningen under en forbranningscykel i en forbranningskammare styras i stor utstrackning, t.ex. genom utnyttjande av multipla insprutningar, dar insprutningstidpunkter och/eller varaktighet kan regleras, och dar data fran t.ex. trycksensorerna 206 kan tas i beaktande vid regleringen. Enligt foreliggande uppfinning anpassas t.ex. insprutningstidpunkter och/eller varaktighet for respektive 537 308 insprutning och/eller insprutad branslemangd under pagaende forbranning baserat pa data fran den pagaende forbranningen i syfte att reglera forbranningen med avseende pa de kvaveoxider NO som genereras vid forbranningen. I fig. 3 visas ett exempelforfarande 300 enligt foreliggande uppfinning, dar forfarandet enligt foreliggande exempel är anordnat att utforas av den i fig. 1A-B visade motorstyrenheten 115. With the aid of systems of the type shown in Fig. 2, the combustion during a combustion cycle in a combustion chamber can be controlled to a large extent, e.g. by utilizing multiple injections, where injection times and / or duration can be regulated, and where data from e.g. the pressure sensors 206 can be taken into account in the control. According to the present invention, e.g. injection times and / or duration of the respective 537 308 injection and / or injected fuel quantity during the incineration based on data from the incineration in order to regulate the combustion with respect to the nitrogen oxides NO generated during the combustion. Fig. 3 shows an exemplary method 300 according to the present invention, in which the method according to the present example is arranged to be performed by the motor control unit 115 shown in Figs. 1A-B.

Allmant bestar styrsystem i moderna fordon av ett kommunikationsbussystem bestaende av en eller flera kommunikationsbussar for att sammankoppla ett antal elektroniska styrenheter (ECU:er) sasom styrenheten, eller controller, 115, och olika pa fordonet anordnade komponenter. Sasom at kant kan dylika styrsystem innefatta ett stort antal styrenheter, och ansvaret for en specifik funktion kan vara uppdelat pa fler an en styrenhet. Generally, control systems in modern vehicles consist of a communication bus system consisting of one or more communication buses for interconnecting a number of electronic control units (ECUs) such as the control unit, or controller, 115, and various components arranged on the vehicle. As such, such control systems may include a large number of control units, and the responsibility for a specific function may be divided into more than one control unit.

For enkelhetens skull visas i fig. 1A-B, endast motorstyrenheten 115 i vilken fOreliggande uppfinning är implementerad i den visade utforingsformen. Uppfinningen kan dock aven implementeras i en for foreliggande uppfinning dedikerad styrenhet, eller helt eller delvis i en eller flera andra vid fordonet redan befintliga styrenheter. Med tanke pa den hastighet med vilken berakningar enligt foreliggande uppfinning utfors kan uppfinningen vara anordnad att implementeras i en styrenhet som ar sarskilt avpassad for realtidsberakningar av typen enligt nedan. Implementering av foreliggande uppfinning har visat att t.ex. ASIC- och FPGAlosningar at lampade for och val klarar av berakningar enligt foreliggande uppfinning. For the sake of simplicity, in Figs. 1A-B, only the motor control unit 115 in which the present invention is implemented in the embodiment shown is shown. However, the invention can also be implemented in a control unit dedicated to the present invention, or in whole or in part in one or more other control units already existing in the vehicle. In view of the speed at which calculations according to the present invention are performed, the invention can be arranged to be implemented in a control unit which is specially adapted for real-time calculations of the type as below. Implementation of the present invention has shown that e.g. ASIC and FPGA solutions that illuminate and select can handle calculations according to the present invention.

Styrenhetens 115 (eller den/de styrenheter vid vilken/vilka foreliggande uppfinning är implementerad) funktion enligt foreliggande uppfinning kan, forutom att bero av sensorsignaler fran trycksensorn 202, t.ex. bero av signaler 11 537 308 fran andra styrenheter eller sensorer. Allmant galler att styrenheter av den visade typen normalt är anordnade att ta emot sensorsignaler fran olika delar av fordonet, liksom fran olika pa fordonet anordnade styrenheter. The function of the control unit 115 (or the control unit (s) to which the present invention is implemented) according to the present invention may, in addition to being dependent on sensor signals from the pressure sensor 202, e.g. depend on signals 11 537 308 from other control units or sensors. In general, control units of the type shown are normally arranged to receive sensor signals from different parts of the vehicle, as well as from different control units arranged on the vehicle.

Styrningen styrs ofta av programmerade instruktioner. Dessa programmerade instruktioner utgors typiskt av ett datorprogram, vilket nar det exekveras i en dator eller styrenhet astadkommer att datorn/styrenheten utfor onskad styrning, sasom forfarandesteg enligt foreliggande uppfinning. The control is often controlled by programmed instructions. These programmed instructions typically consist of a computer program, which when executed in a computer or controller causes the computer / controller to perform the desired control, such as the process steps of the present invention.

Datorprogrammet utgor vanligtvis del av en datorprogramprodukt, dar datorprogramprodukten innefattar ett tillAmpligt lagringsmedium 121 (se fig. 1B) med datorprogrammet lagrat pa namnda lagringsmedium 121. Namnda digitala lagringsmedium 121 kan t.ex. utgoras av nagon ur gruppen: ROM (Read-Only Memory), PROM (Programmable Read-Only Memory), EPROM (Erasable PROM), Flash-minne, EEPROM (Electrically Erasable PROM), en harddiskenhet, etc., och vara anordnat i eller i forbindelse med styrenheten, varvid datorprogrammet exekveras av styrenheten. Genom att Andra datorprogrammets instruktioner kan saledes fordonets upptradande i en specifik situation anpassas. The computer program usually forms part of a computer program product, where the computer program product comprises a suitable storage medium 121 (see Fig. 1B) with the computer program stored on said storage medium 121. Said digital storage medium 121 may e.g. consists of someone from the group: ROM (Read-Only Memory), PROM (Programmable Read-Only Memory), EPROM (Erasable PROM), Flash memory, EEPROM (Electrically Erasable PROM), a hard disk drive, etc., and be arranged in or in connection with the control unit, the computer program being executed by the control unit. By following the instructions of the Second Computer Program, the behavior of the vehicle in a specific situation can thus be adapted.

En exempelstyrenhet (styrenheten 115) visas schematiskt i fig. 15, varvid styrenheten i sin tur kan innefatta en berakningsenhet 120, vilken kan utgoras av t.ex. nagon lamplig typ av processor eller mikrodator, t.ex. en krets for digital signalbehandling (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), en eller flera FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array)- kretsar eller en eller flera kretsar med en forutbestAmd specifik funktion (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC). An exemplary control unit (control unit 115) is shown schematically in Fig. 15, wherein the control unit may in turn comprise a calculating unit 120, which may be constituted by e.g. any suitable type of processor or microcomputer, e.g. a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), one or more Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGAs) circuits, or one or more circuits with an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) function.

BerAkningsenheten 120 är forbunden med en minnesenhet 121, vilken tillhandahaller berakningsenheten 120 t.ex. den lagrade programkoden och/eller den lagrade data berakningsenheten 1 12 537 308 behover for att kunna utfora berakningar. Berakningsenheten 120 är aven anordnad att lagra del- eller slutresultat av berakningar i minnesenheten 121. The calculation unit 120 is connected to a memory unit 121, which provides the calculation unit 120 e.g. the stored program code and / or the stored data calculation unit 1 12 537 308 need to be able to perform calculations. The calculation unit 120 is also arranged to store partial or end results of calculations in the memory unit 121.

Vidare är styrenheten forsedd med anordningar 122, 123, 124, 125 for mottagande respektive sandande av in- respektive utsignaler. Dessa in- respektive utsignaler kan innehalla vagformer, pulser, eller andra attribut, vilka av anordningarna 122, 125 for mottagande av insignaler kan detekteras som information for behandling av berakningsenheten 120. Anordningarna 123, 124 for sandande av utsignaler ar anordnade att omvandla berakningsresultat fran berakningsenheten 120 till utsignaler fOr overforing till andra delar av fordonets styrsystem och/eller den/de komponenter for vilka signalerna är avsedda. Var och en av anslutningarna till anordningarna for mottagande respektive sandande av in- respektive utsignaler kan utgoras av en eller flera av en kabel; en databuss, sasom en CAN-bus (Controller Area Network bus), en MOST-bus (Media Oriented Systems Transport), eller nagon annan busskonfiguration; eller av en tradlos anslutning. Furthermore, the control unit is provided with devices 122, 123, 124, 125 for receiving and transmitting input and output signals, respectively. These input and output signals may contain waveforms, pulses, or other attributes, which of the input signals receiving devices 122, 125 may be detected as information for processing the calculation unit 120. The output signals 123, 124 for transmitting output signals are arranged to convert calculation results from the calculation unit. 120 to output signals for transmission to other parts of the vehicle control system and / or the component (s) for which the signals are intended. Each of the connections to the devices for receiving and transmitting input and output signals, respectively, may be one or more of a cable; a data bus, such as a CAN bus (Controller Area Network bus), a MOST bus (Media Oriented Systems Transport), or any other bus configuration; or by a wireless connection.

Ater till det i fig. 3 visade forfarandet 300 startar forfarandet i steg 301, dar det faststalls huruvida den uppfinningsenliga regleringen av forbranningsprocessen ska utforas. Den uppfinningsenliga regleringen kan t.ex. vara anordnad att utforas kontlnuerligt sá fort fOrbranningsmotorn 101 startas. Alternativt kan regleringen vara anordnad att utforas t.ex. sá lange som forbranningsmotorns fOrbranning inte ska regleras enligt nagot annat kriterium. T.ex. kan det finnas situationer dar det är onskvart att reglering utfors baserat pa andra faktorer an de vid forbranningen resulterande kvaveoxiderna NO i forsta hand. Enigt en utforingsform utfors samtidig reglering av forbranningen med avseende pa 13 537 308 resulterande kyaveoxider NO och atminstone en ytterligare reglerparameter. T.ex. kan en avvagning goras, dar reglerparametrarnas prioritering vid uppfyllnad av onskat regleringsresultat t.ex. kan vara anordnad att styras enligt nagon tillamplig kostnadsfunktion. Returning to the method 300 shown in Fig. 3, the process starts in step 301, where it is determined whether the control according to the invention of the combustion process is to be carried out. The regulation according to the invention can e.g. be arranged to be carried out continuously as soon as the internal combustion engine 101 is started. Alternatively, the regulation can be arranged to be performed e.g. as long as the combustion engine combustion is not to be regulated according to any other criterion. For example. There may be situations where it is undesirable for regulation to be carried out based on factors other than the nitrogen oxides NO resulting from the combustion in the first place. According to one embodiment, simultaneous control of the combustion is performed with respect to the resulting kyave oxides NO and at least one additional control parameter. For example. a balancing can be made, where the priority of the control parameters when fulfilling the desired control result e.g. may be arranged to be controlled according to any applicable cost function.

Forfarandet enligt foreliggande uppfinning utgors alltsa av ett forfarande for reglering av forbranningsmotorn 101 under det att forbranning sker i namnda forbranningskammare 201 i forbranningscykler. Sasom är }cant är termen fbrbranningscykel definierad som de steg en forbranning vid en forbranningsmotor innefattar, sasom t.ex. tvataktsmotorns tva takter respektiye fyrtaktsmotorns fyra takter. Termen innefattar aven cykler dar inget bransle faktiskt insprutas, men dar forbranningsmotorn anda drivs Yid nagot varytal, sasom ay fordonets drivhjul via driylinan vid t.ex. slapning. Dvs. aven om ingen insprutning av bransle utfors sker fortfarande en fOrbranningscykel for t.ex. vane tva vary (vid fyrtaktsmotor), eller t.ex. vane vary (tvataktsmotor), som fOrbranningsmotorns utgaende axel roterar. Det motsyarande galler ayen andra typer av forbranningsmotorer. The method according to the present invention thus consists of a method for controlling the internal combustion engine 101 while combustion takes place in said combustion chamber 201 in combustion cycles. As is true, the term combustion cycle is defined as the steps involved in combustion at an internal combustion engine, such as e.g. two-stroke two-stroke engine and four-stroke engine respectively. The term also includes cycles where no fuel is actually injected, but where the combustion engine spirit is driven Yid somewhat varytal, such as ay the vehicle's drive wheel via the driylin at e.g. relaxation. Ie. even if no injection of fuel is carried out, a combustion cycle still takes place for e.g. habit two vary (for four-stroke engine), or e.g. vane vary (two-stroke engine), which rotates the output shaft of the internal combustion engine. The opposite grille ayen other types of internal combustion engines.

I steg 302 faststalls huruvida en forbranningscykel har eller kommer att paborjas, och nar sa är fallet fortsatter forfarandet till steg 303 samtidigt som en parameter i representerande insprutningsnummer satts lika med ett. In step 302 it is determined whether a combustion cycle has or will be started, and when so, the procedure proceeds to step 303 at the same time as a parameter in the representative injection number is set equal to one.

I steg 303 faststalls ett insprutningsschema, t.ex. pa ett helt konventionellt satt baserat pa t.ex. ett onskat utrattat arbete. Alternativt kan t.ex. ett insprutningsschema faststallas som forvantas resultera i en under forbranningen onskad generering ay kyaveoxider NOR, sasom t.ex. ett insprutningsschema som forvantas resultera i maximalt en viss mangd kvaveoxider NOR, eller allmant en minimering av 14 537 308 genererade kvaveoxider NO under farbranningscykelns forbranning. In step 303, an injection schedule is established, e.g. in a completely conventional way based on e.g. a desirable work done. Alternatively, e.g. an injection scheme is established which is expected to result in a desired generation of cyave oxides NOR during combustion, such as e.g. an injection scheme that is expected to result in a maximum of a certain amount of nitrogen oxides NOR, or generally a minimization of 14,537,308 generated nitrogen oxides NO during the combustion cycle combustion.

Allmant galler att tillforseln av bransle bade avseende mangd och pa vilket satt, dvs. de en eller flera bransleinsprutningar som ska utforas under forbranningscykeln normalt är pa forhand definierade, t.ex. i beroende av det arbete (vridmoment) som fOrbranningsmotorn ska utratta under forbranningscykeln, eftersom forandring av det faststallda insprutningsschemat inte utfors under en pagaende forbranningscykel enligt kand teknik. FOrutbestamda insprutningsscheman kan t.ex. finnas tabellerade i fordonets styrsystem for ett stort antal driftsfall, sasom olika motorvarvtal, olika begarda arbeten, olika forbranningslufttryck etc., dar tabellerad data t.ex. kan ha framtagits genom tillampliga prov/matningar vid t.ex. utveckling av forbranningsmotor och/eller fordon, varvid tillampligt insprutningsschema kan valjas utifran radande forhallanden. In general, it is important that the supply of fuel both in terms of quantity and in what way, ie. the one or more fuel injections to be performed during the combustion cycle are normally predefined, e.g. depending on the work (torque) that the internal combustion engine must perform during the combustion cycle, since the change of the established injection schedule is not carried out during an ongoing combustion cycle according to prior art. Predefined injection schedules can e.g. are tabulated in the vehicle's control system for a large number of operating cases, such as different engine speeds, different work required, different combustion air pressures, etc., where tabulated data e.g. may have been produced by appropriate tests / feeds at e.g. development of an internal combustion engine and / or vehicle, whereby an appropriate injection schedule can be selected based on prevailing conditions.

Enligt en utforingsform kan insprutningsscheman finnas framtagna, t.ex. genom tillampliga, sasom empiriska, prov/matningar, dar flera insprutningsscheman kan finnas definierade for ett specifikt driftsforhallande och for att resultera i ett visst utrattat arbete, men dar olika insprutningsscheman kan vara framtagna for att uppfylla olika ytterligare kriterier, sasom t.ex. ett kriterium for de under forbranningen resulterande kvaveoxiderna NOR, och/eller andra parametrar. NOx-emissioner kan saledes ha uppmatts for olika insprutningsscheman och sedan inmatats i fordonets styrsystem, varvid ett insprutningsschema initialt kan faststallas genom tabelluppslagning eller pa annat tillampligt satt baserat pa t.ex. ett borvarde for NOx-emissioner. Saledes kan kvaveoxidbestamningar vara utforda pa forhand for ett stort 537 308 antal driftsfal1, dar dessa bestamningar kan anvandas vid val av insprutningsschema. According to one embodiment, injection schedules may be developed, e.g. through applicable, such as empirical, tests / feeds, where several injection schedules can be defined for a specific operating condition and to result in a certain amount of work, but where different injection schedules can be developed to meet different additional criteria, such as e.g. a criterion for the nitrogen oxides NOR, and / or other parameters resulting from the combustion. NOx emissions may thus have been measured for different injection schedules and then entered into the vehicle's control system, whereby an injection schedule can initially be determined by table look-up or in another applicable way based on e.g. a drilling value for NOx emissions. Thus, nitrogen oxide determinations can be challenged in advance for a large 537,308 number of operating cases1, where these determinations can be used in the selection of the injection schedule.

Enligt en utforingsform tillampas dock alltsa initialt ett insprutningsschema som faststalls baserat pa t.ex. enbart begart arbete. According to one embodiment, however, an injection scheme is initially applied which is determined based on e.g. only requested work.

Dessa insprutningsscheman kan utgoras av insprutningarnas antal respektive egenskaper i form av t.ex. tidpunkt (vevvinkellage) for start av insprutning, insprutningens langd, insprutningstryck och/eller mangd etc., och alltsa finnas lagrade ftir ett stort antal driftsfall i fordonets styrsystem, och t.ex. vara framraknade/uppmatta med malet att uppfylla nagot kriterium, sasom ett visst utrattat arbete, en viss resulterande avgastemperatur eller annat tillampligt kriterium. These injection schedules can consist of the number and properties of the injections in the form of e.g. time (crank angle law) for start of injection, length of injection, injection pressure and / or quantity, etc., and thus are stored for a large number of operating cases in the vehicle's control system, and e.g. be protruding / fed with the grind to meet some criterion, such as a certain exhausted work, a certain resulting exhaust temperature or other applicable criterion.

Enligt en utforingsform av uppfinningen kan insprutningsschemat aven vara anordnat att innan forbranningen paborjas, dvs. redan innan en forsta bransleinsprutning utfors, faststallas genom tillampliga berakningar, sasom t.ex. enligt nedan, dar t.ex. olika pa forhand definierade insprutningsscheman kan jamforas med varandra for att faststalla ett mest fordraget insprutningsschema, och dar t.ex. onskat utrattat arbete och/eller onskade emissioner (sasom t.ex. hog/lag andel kvaveoxider NOR) kan utgora parametrar vid berakningarna. According to an embodiment of the invention, the injection scheme can also be arranged that before the combustion is started, i.e. even before a first industry injection is carried out, is determined by applicable calculations, such as e.g. as below, where e.g. different pre-defined injection schedules can be compared with each other to determine a most preferred injection schedule, and where e.g. undesired work and / or desired emissions (such as the high / low proportion of nitrogen oxides NOR) can be parameters in the calculations.

Enligt foreliggande utforingsform tillampas i steg 303 ett dylikt forutbestamt insprutningsschema, dar detta forutbestamda insprutningsschema valjs baserat pa nagot tillampligt satt enligt ovan, t.ex. genom tabel1uppslagning, dar enligt ovan olika insprutningsscheman kan, men behover inte, finnas definierade dar olika mangder kvaveoxider NO forvantas vid forbranningen samtidigt som t.ex. samma arbete 16 537 308 pa forbranningsmotorns utgaende axel utrattas, men dar insprutningsschemat alltsa aven kan vara anordnat att t.ex. enbart ta onskat utrattat arbete i beaktande, varvid reglering av genererade kvaveoxider NO kan vara anordnad att utforas forst efter det att en forsta insprutning eller forsta del av en insprutning har utforts. According to the present embodiment, in step 303, such a predetermined injection schedule is applied, where this predetermined injection schedule is selected based on something applicable as above, e.g. by table1 lookup, where according to the above different injection schedules can, but do not need, be defined where different amounts of nitrogen oxides NO are expected during combustion at the same time as e.g. the same work 16 537 308 on the output shaft of the internal combustion engine is performed, but where the injection schedule can therefore also be arranged to e.g. only take undesirably exhausted work into account, whereby regulation of generated nitrogen oxides NO can be arranged to be performed only after a first injection or first part of an injection has been performed.

Eftersom specifika antagna forhallanden sannolikt resulterar i samma foredragna insprutningsschema vane gang kan det vara fordelaktigt att infor en forbranningscykel valja ett insprutningsschema genom flagon typ av uppslagning och darmed minska berakningsbelastningen, varvid berakning t.ex. enligt nedan saledes kan utfors forst efter det att insprutning har paborjats. Forutom nedanstaende exempel pa hur insprutningsschemat kan faststallas kan alternativt andra modeller med motsvarande funktion tillampas. Since specific assumed ratios are likely to result in the same preferred injection schedule as usual, it may be advantageous to select an injection schedule for a combustion cycle by flaking type of storage and thereby reduce the calculation load, whereby calculation e.g. as below can thus be performed only after injection has begun. In addition to the following examples of how the injection schedule can be determined, other models with a corresponding function can alternatively be applied.

Den mangd kvaveoxider NO som onskas, eller maximalt onskas, vid forbranningen kan faststallas pa nagot tillampligt satt, t.ex. av en overgripande funktion som begar flagon tillamplig niva for NOx-emissioner. Denna niva kan t.ex. representeras av en begaran am minimerade NOx-emissioner, men aven av en begaran am hogre NOx-emissioner, t.ex. om detta av flagon anledning bedoms vara onskvart for efterfoljande reaktioner i efterbehandlingssystemet, eller t.ex. en niva som motsvarar lagstadgade nivaer for kvaveoxidutslapp. The amount of nitrogen oxides NO that is desired, or the maximum desired, during combustion can be determined in some appropriate way, e.g. of an overall function that demands flagon applicable level for NOx emissions. This level can e.g. is represented by a request for minimized NOx emissions, but also by a request for higher NOx emissions, e.g. if this is for flagon reason judged to be undesirable for subsequent reactions in the post-treatment system, or e.g. a level corresponding to statutory levels of nitrogen oxide emissions.

Bransleinsprutning utfors alltsa normalt enligt ett insprutningsschema dar ett flertal insprutningar kan vara anordnade att utforas under en och samma fOrbranningscykel. Detta medfor att insprutningarna kan vara fOrhallandevis korta. T.ex. forekommer insprutningssystem med 5- bransleinsprutningar/forbranning, men antalet bransleinsprutningar under en forbranningscykel kan aven vara 17 537 308 betydligt storre an sá, sAsom t.ex. i storleksordningen 100 bransleinsprutningar. Antalet mojliga insprutningar styrs allmant av snabbheten hos de organ med vilka insprutning utfors, dvs. i fallet med Common Rail -system hut snabbt injektorerna kan oppnas stdngas. Thus, fuel injection is normally performed according to an injection schedule where a plurality of injections may be arranged to be performed during one and the same combustion cycle. This means that the injections can be relatively short. For example. Injection systems with 5-fuel injections / combustion occur, but the number of fuel injections during a combustion cycle can also be 17 537 308 significantly larger than that, such as e.g. in the order of 100 industry injections. The number of possible injections is generally controlled by the speed of the organs with which the injection is performed, ie. in the case of Common Rail systems hut quickly the injectors can be opened shut down.

Enligt foreliggande exempel utfors Atminstone tvA bransleinsprutningar inspi under en och samma forbranningscykel, men sasom hat ndmnts och sasom framgar nedan kan flera insprutningar vara anordnade att utforas, liksom dven endast en. According to the present example, at least two fuel injections are performed during one and the same combustion cycle, but as has been mentioned and as shown below, several injections can be arranged to be performed, as well as only one.

En forsta insprutning inspi utfors, och i steg 304 faststdlls huruvida namnda forsta insprutning inspi har utforts, och om sA at fallet fortsatter forfarandet till steg 305, dar det faststdlls huruvida samtliga insprutningar i hat utforts. A first injection is performed, and in step 304 it is determined whether said first injection has been performed, and if so the procedure continues to step 305, then it is determined whether all the injections into hat have been performed.

Eftersom sA annu inte at fallet i fOreliggande exempel fortsdtter forfarandet till steg 306 samtidigt som i raknas upp med ett for nasta insprutning. I steg 306 faststalls rAdande tryck i forbranningskammaren genom utnyttjande av trycksensorn 206. Vidare kan, genom utnyttjande av trycksensorn 206, rAdande tryck i forbranningskammaren faststdllas vasentligen kontinuerligt, sAsom med tillampliga intervall, t.ex. varje 0,1-10 vevvinkelgrader. Since this is not the case in the present example, the procedure proceeds to step 306 while being straightened up with a next injection. In step 306, the pressure in the combustion chamber is determined by using the pressure sensor 206. Furthermore, by using the pressure sensor 206, the pressure in the combustion chamber can be determined substantially continuously, as at applicable intervals, e.g. every 0.1-10 weaving angle degrees.

Forbranningsforloppet kan allmant beskrivas med den tryckforandring i forbrdnningskammaren som forbrdnningen ger upphov till. Tryckforandringen under en forbranningscykel kan representeras med ett tryckspAr, dvs. en representation av hut trycket i forbrdnningskammaren varierar under forbranningen. SA lange som forbranningen fortskrider sAsom forvantat kommer trycket i forbranningskammaren att vara lika med det initialt forvantade eller estimerade. SA snart forbranningen avviker frAn forvantad forbranning kommer dock trycket att avvika frAn 18 537 308 det estimerade trycket. Dessutom kommer forbranningen under efterfoljande del av forbranningscykeln, och darmed temperaturutveckling, att paverkas. The process of combustion can be generally described with the pressure change in the combustion chamber which the combustion gives rise to. The pressure change during a combustion cycle can be represented by a pressure gauge, ie. a representation of the hut pressure in the combustion chamber varies during combustion. As the combustion progresses, as expected, the pressure in the combustion chamber will be equal to what was initially expected or estimated. SA as soon as the combustion deviates from expected combustion, however, the pressure will deviate from the estimated pressure from 18 537 308. In addition, the combustion during the subsequent part of the combustion cycle, and thus temperature development, will be affected.

I steg 306 faststalls trycket pfq,1 i namnda forbranningskammare 201 for en radande vevvinkelgrad pi efter det att namnda forsta insprutning har utforts med hjalp av namnda trycksensor 206, och i steg 307 utvarderas insprutningsschemat och forandras vid behov genom att estimera forvantade genererade kvaveoxider NO under forbranningscykeln, vilket kan utfOras med hjalp av tillampliga berakningar, dar ett satt att utfora berakningen exemplifieras nedan. Alternativt kan andra modeller med motsvarande funktion tillampas. In step 306, the pressure pfq, 1 in said combustion chamber 201 is determined for a radiating crank angle pi after said first injection has been performed using said pressure sensor 206, and in step 307 the injection schedule is evaluated and changed if necessary by estimating expected generated nitrogen oxides NO the combustion cycle, which can be performed with the aid of applicable calculations, where a method of performing the calculation is exemplified below. Alternatively, other models with a corresponding function can be applied.

Allmant (jailer att kvaveoxider NO vid en forbranningsprocess i huvudsak bildas av tre olika anledningar. Dels kan branslet innefatta kvave, varvid kvave kommer att frigoras vid forbranning och atminstone bilda kvavgas N2 samt kvaveoxider NOR. Denna typ av NOx-bildning kan vid vissa typer av forbranning och i beroende av typ av bransle sta for en stor del av den totala mangden kvaveoxider NO som genereras vid forbranningen. Sasom forklaras nedan kan denna typ av NOR- bildning dock bortses ifran vid normal forbranning enligt t.ex. dieselcykeln. En annan kalla till NOR-bildning utgors av s.k. prompt NOR-bildning, men denna kan allmant bortses ifran da inverkan är liten i forhallande till ovriga kallor. En tredje kalla, som vid normal forbranning ocksa utgOr den huvudsakliga orsaken till NOR-bildning vid forbranning vid hoga forbranningstemperaturer, utgOrs av termisk bildning av NOR, vilken kan sta for i storleksordningen 90-95% eller an mer av NOR-bildningen under forbranningscykeln. Det är ocksa framst denna typ av NOR-bildning som kan paverkas genom att paverka forbranningen, varfor NOR-reglering kan utforas med gott 19 537 308 resultat genom att enbart ta termisk NOx-bildning i beaktande, vilket ocksa utfors i det foljande. General (jailer that nitrogen oxides NO in a combustion process are mainly formed for three different reasons. Firstly, the industry may include nitrogen, whereby nitrogen will be released during combustion and at least form nitrogen gas N2 and nitrogen oxides NOR. This type of NOx formation can in certain types of combustion and, depending on the type of industry, accounts for a large part of the total amount of nitrogen oxides NO generated during combustion. to NOR formation consists of so-called prompt NOR formation, but this can generally be disregarded as the effect is small in relation to other colds. , consists of the thermal formation of NOR, which may account for in the order of 90-95% or more of the NOR formation during the combustion cycle. t is also primarily this type of NOR formation that can be affected by affecting the combustion, so NOR regulation can be performed with good results by only taking thermal NOx formation into account, which is also performed in the following.

NOx-bildningen är ants& starkt beroende av forbranningstemperaturen, och sjalva bildandet av termisk NO kan pa valkant satt beskrivas t.ex. enligt tre huvudreaktioner (den utokade Zeldovich mekanismen): N2 + 0 . NO + N N + 02 . NO + 0( 1 ) N + OH — NO + H , dar saledes reaktionshastigheten är starkt temperaturberoende, och dar Aven temperaturberoendet i sig ar kant, varvid medelst kannedom am (substans)mangden for de ingAende substanserna samt temperatur mangden bildade kvaveoxider NOx kan estimeras. The NOx formation is highly dependent on the combustion temperature, and the actual formation of thermal NO can be described in a selective manner, e.g. according to three main reactions (the undocumented Zeldovich mechanism): N2 + 0. NO + N N + 02. NO + 0 (1) N + OH - NO + H, where the reaction rate is strongly temperature dependent, and where the temperature dependence itself is edge, whereby by knowledge of the (substance) amount of the constituent substances and the temperature amount of nitrogen oxides formed NOx can be estimated .

Enligt foreliggande uppfinning estimeras NOx-bildningen genom utnyttjande av ovanstAende kemiska samband, ekv. (1), och genom utnyttjande av en estimering av ytterligare forbranningsdata. Berakningen erfordrar alltsá aven kannedom am tillganglig mangd kvavgas N2 respektive syrgas 02 samt aven kannedom am tillgAng till vate H. Dessa kan erhAllas ur forbranningens forbranningskemi, vilken är kand for fackmannen, och vid vilken tillford mangd bransle respektive forbranningsluft samt ev. avgasaterforing är kand, varvid i kombination med det faktum att branslets sammansattning normalt är kand mangderna for de i ekv. (1) ingAende substanserna kan beraknas. According to the present invention, NOx formation is estimated by utilizing the above chemical compounds, eq. (1), and by using an estimation of additional combustion data. The calculation therefore requires both knowledge of the available amount of nitrogen N2 and oxygen 02 and also knowledge of access to water H. These can be obtained from the combustion chemistry of the combustion, which is known to those skilled in the art, and in which the required amount of fuel and combustion air and possibly. exhaust gas lining is known, whereby in combination with the fact that the composition of the industry is normally known the quantities for those in eq. (1) the constituent substances can be calculated.

Det erfordras Aven en estimering av forbranningens temperatur for att mangden genererade kvaveoxider NO ska kunna estimeras eftersom reaktionshastigheten är temperaturberoende. Likas6 erfordras en estimering av tryck och/eller temperatur i 537 308 forbrdnningskammaren for att medelst forbranningskemin kunna estimera frigjord kvavgas respektive syrgas vid forbrdnningen. An estimation of the combustion temperature is also required in order for the amount of nitrogen oxides generated NO to be estimated, since the reaction rate is temperature-dependent. Similarly, an estimation of pressure and / or temperature in the combustion chamber is required in order to be able to estimate released nitrogen gas and oxygen, respectively, during combustion by means of the combustion chemistry.

Forbrdnningen kan, sasom är kant for fackmannen, modelleras enligt ekv. (2): dQ = Kcaltbrate (Q fuel — Q)(2) dar Kcalibrate anvands for att kalibrera modellen. Kcalibrate UtgOrs av en konstant som vanligtvis är i storleksordningen 0-1, men kan aven vara anordnad att anta andra varden, och vilken faststdlls individuellt cylinder for cylinder eller for en viss motor eller motortyp, och beror i synnerhet pa utformningen av injektorernas munstycken (spridare). dQ kan aven modelleras pa annat tillampligt satt, t.ex. genom att aven ta med andra parametrar, sasom t.ex. turbulens vid brdnsletillforseln, ddr denna kan vara modellerad pa tillampligt satt. The combustion can, as is the edge for the person skilled in the art, be modeled according to eq. (2): dQ = Kcaltbrate (Q fuel - Q) (2) where Kcalibrate is used to calibrate the model. Calibrate consists of a constant which is usually in the order of 0-1, but may also be arranged to assume second values, and which is determined individually cylinder by cylinder or for a particular engine or engine type, and depends in particular on the design of the injectors nozzles (diffusers ). dQ can also be modeled in other applicable ways, e.g. by also including other parameters, such as e.g. turbulence at the fuel supply, where this can be modeled appropriately.

Qm4 utgor energivardet for insprutad branslemdngd, och Q utgor forbrand energimangd. Forbranningen dQ är saledes proportionell mot insprutad branslemangd minus hittills forbrukad branslemdngd. Forbranningen dQ kan alternativt modelleras genom utnyttjande av annan tilldmplig modell, ddr man t.ex. aven kan ta hansyn till andra parametrar. T.ex. kan forbranningen aven utgora en funktion som beror av en modell av turbulens vid tillforsel av luft/bransle, vilket kan paverka fOrbranningen i olika grad i beroende av tillford mangd luft/brdnsle. Qm4 constitutes the energy value for injected industry volume, and Q constitutes combustion energy quantity. The combustion dQ is thus proportional to the injected amount of fuel minus the amount of fuel consumed so far. The combustion dQ can alternatively be modeled by using another applicable model, where one e.g. can also take into account other parameters. For example. the combustion can also constitute a function that depends on a model of turbulence in the supply of air / fuel, which can affect the combustion to varying degrees depending on the amount of air / fuel supplied.

Betraffande bransleinjektionerna kan dessa t.ex. modelleras som en summa av stegfunktioner: 21 537 308 U =— (tmj. start )3 — (P(t (tin]. end )k)(3) k =0 Bransleflodet matt i tillford massa m vid en insprutning k, dvs. hur branslet kommer in i forbranningskammaren under tidsfonstret u nar insprutningen utfors, uttryckt i den tid som forloper under det vevvinkelgrad p -intervall som injektorn ax oppen, for en specifik injektion k kan modelleras som: dm = f (m)u(4) dar m utgor insprutad branslemangd, och f(m) t.ex. beror av insprutningstryck etc. f(m) kan t.ex. vara uppmatt eller estimerat pa forhand pa kant satt. Regarding the industry injections, these can e.g. modeled as a sum of step functions: 21 537 308 U = - (tmj. start) 3 - (P (t (tin]. end) k) (3) k = 0 Bransleflodet matt i tillford mass m at an injection k, ie. how the fuel enters the combustion chamber during the time window u when the injection is performed, expressed in the time elapsed below the crank angle degree p -interval that the injector ax open, for a specific injection k can be modeled as: dm = f (m) u (4) where m constitutes injected industry volume, and f (m) eg depends on injection pressure, etc. f (m) can, for example, be measured or estimated in advance at the edge.

Energivardet 0 LHV for branslet, sAsom diesel eller bensin, finns allmant angivet, varvid sadan allman angivelse kan anvandas. Energivardet kan aven finnas specifikt angivet av t.ex. branslets tillverkare, eller vara approximerat for t.ex. ett land eller en region. Energivardet kan aven vara anordnat att uppskattas av fordonets styrsystem. Med energivardet kan ekv. (2) losas, och varmefrigorelsen allteftersom forbranningen fortskrider darned bestammas. Saledes kan aven varmefrigorelsen for kommande del av forbranningscykeln estimeras genom att utfora berakningarna for forvantade kommande insprutningar. The energy value 0 LHV for the industry, such as diesel or petrol, is generally stated, whereby such a general statement can be used. The energy value can also be specifically specified by e.g. industry's manufacturers, or be approximated for e.g. a country or region. The energy value can also be arranged to be estimated by the vehicle's control system. With the energy value, eq. (2) is released, and the heat release as the combustion proceeds is determined. Thus, the heat release for the next part of the combustion cycle can also be estimated by performing the calculations for expected future injections.

Vidare kan, genom utnyttjande av en prediktiv varmefrigorelse (heat release) -ekvation, tryckforandringen i forbranningskammaren , t.ex. estimeras som: 22 537 308 d(dQydV\ (y — 1) Pthp y — 1P &pi k V cl(P () , dar p utgor vevvinkelgrad, dvs. tryckforandringen uttrycks i vevvinkelgrader, vilket innebar en eliminering av forbranningsmotorvarvtalsberoendet vid berakningarna. y utgor en parameter som estimeras pa forhand, alternativt satts till C„ ett fixerat varde. y utgor varmekapacitetskvoten, dvs. . C C, och/eller C; finns framtagna och tabellerade for olika molekyler, och genom att forbranningskemin ar kand kan dessa tabellerade varden anvandas tillsammans med forbranningskemin for att darmed berakna vardera molekyls (t.ex. vatten, kvave, syre etc.) inverkan pa t.ex. det totala Cp-vardet, varvid detta kan bestammas for berakningarna ovan med god noggrannhet. Alternativt kan Cp och eller Cy approximeras pa tillampligt satt. Furthermore, by using a predictive heat release equation, the pressure change in the combustion chamber, e.g. is estimated as: 22 537 308 d (dQydV \ (y - 1) Pthp y - 1P & pi k V cl (P (), where p is the crank angle degree, ie the pressure change is expressed in crank angle degrees, which meant an elimination of the internal combustion engine speed dependence in the calculations. constitutes a parameter that is estimated in advance, or is set to C „a fixed value. y constitutes the heat capacity ratio, ie CC, and / or C; together with the combustion chemistry in order to calculate the effect of each molecule (eg water, nitrogen, oxygen, etc.) on, for example, the total Cp value, whereby this can be determined for the calculations above with good accuracy. Cy is approximated in an applicable way.

Integrering av ekv. (5) medfor foljande resultat: dQ y dn(y-1\ckp P = PinitialdP = PinitialfyP clip) v ) Pjnjgjai utgor ett initialt tryck, vilket innan komprimeringens borjan t.ex. kan utgoras av omgivningstrycket vid forbranningsmotorer utan turbo, eller ett radande forbranningslufttryck vid en motor med turbo. Nar estimering utfors vid en senare tidpunkt under forbranningscykeln, kan Pinithd Utgoras av det da radande och med hjalp av trycksensorn 206 faststallda trycket, sasom trycket pf Vid estimering av mangden bildade kvaveoxider NO erfordras kannedom om sjalva forbranningens temperatur. Temperaturen är hogre i den del av forbranningskammaren dar forbranning pAg&r, och forbranningskammaren kan betraktas sasom bestaende av tva zoner, dar forbranning sker i ena zonen, med hog temperatur i denna zon som foljd, medan ingen forbranning, med lagre resulterande temperatur, sker i den andra zonen. Integration of eq. (5) with the following result: dQ y dn (y-1 \ ckp P = PinitialdP = PinitialfyP clip) v) Pjnjgjai constitutes an initial pressure, which before the beginning of compression e.g. may be the ambient pressure of non-turbocharged internal combustion engines, or a radiating combustion air pressure of turbocharged engine. When estimating at a later time during the combustion cycle, Pinithd can be made up of the pressure then determined and aided by the pressure sensor 206, such as the pressure pf. The temperature is higher in the part of the combustion chamber where combustion takes place, and the combustion chamber can be considered as consisting of two zones, where combustion takes place in one zone, with high temperature in this zone as follows, while no combustion, with lower resulting temperature, takes place in the second zone.

Tryckforandringen p som funktion av vevvinkelgrad p i en cylinder (forbranningskammare) for en fOrbranningscykel kan estimeras enligt ekv. (6) ovan. Vidare kan, genom utnyttjande av estimerat tryck, temperaturen for den del av forbranningskammaren dar ingen forbranning sker estimeras med hjalp av estimerat tryck samt genom utnyttjande av ekv. (7), da temperaturen for den del av forbranningskammaren dar ingen forbranning sker uttryckas som: T„,1 = T„ " Pn+1) P n (7) dar 7,„0 kan utgora motsvarande forbranningslufttemperatur for den tidpunkt/vevvinkelposition dar Pinhtial faststalls ovan, och dar n, n+1, etc. utgor pa varandra foljande tidpunkter eller vevvinkelpositioner. 24 537 308 C (t)C K= y =P =P C(t) Cp - R , dar Cp och/eller C„ och darmed K, kan faststallas enligt vad som har angivits ovan. The pressure change p as a function of crank angle degree p in a cylinder (combustion chamber) for a combustion cycle can be estimated according to eq. (6) above. Furthermore, by utilizing the estimated pressure, the temperature for the part of the combustion chamber where no combustion takes place can be estimated with the aid of estimated pressure and by utilizing eq. (7), since the temperature for the part of the combustion chamber where no combustion takes place is expressed as: T „, 1 = T„ "Pn + 1) P n (7) dar 7,„ 0 can be the corresponding combustion air temperature for the time / crank angle position dar Pinhthial is determined above, and where n, n + 1, etc. are consecutive times or crank angle positions. and thus K, can be determined as indicated above.

Genom utnyttjande av ekv. (7) kan saledes temperaturen for den del av fOrbranningskammaren dar ingen forbranning pagar faststallas, dar denna temperatur dock paverkas av pagaende forbranning genom varmefrigOrelsens inverkan pa trycket som i sin tur paverkar temperaturen enligt ekv. (7). Nar sedan en forbranning sker kommer varmefrigorelsen att ge upphov till en temperaturokning i den/de delar av forbranningskammaren dar forbranning sker. Denna temperaturokning, vilken adderas till den enligt ekv. (7) faststallda temperaturen for att erhalla forbranningstemperaturen, kan beraknas ur sambandet: dQ = mC pdT(8) , dar dQ utgor varmefrigorelsen, vilken kan faststallas enligt ovan. m utgors av forbrand massa (dvs. bransle + luft + EGR som ingar i forbranningen), vilken ocksa faststalls enligt ovan, Cp, dvs. specifik varmekapacitet, som ocksa kan beraknas enligt ovan. dT utgOr temperaturokningen som fas av forbranningen vid given forbrand massa och vid givet Cp-varde. By utilizing eq. (7) the temperature can thus be determined for the part of the combustion chamber where no combustion occurs, where this temperature is affected by ongoing combustion by the effect of the heat release on the pressure which in turn affects the temperature according to eq. (7). When a combustion takes place, the heat release will give rise to a temperature increase in the part (s) of the combustion chamber where combustion takes place. This temperature increase, which is added to it according to eq. (7) the determined temperature for obtaining the combustion temperature can be calculated from the relationship: dQ = mC pdT (8), where dQ constitutes the heat release, which can be determined as above. m consists of combustion mass (ie fuel + air + EGR that is involved in the combustion), which is also determined as above, Cp, ie. specific heat capacity, which can also be calculated as above. dT is the temperature increase as a phase of the combustion at a given combustion mass and at a given Cp value.

Genom utnyttjande av ekv (8) kan saledes dT och darmed LT faststallas, varvid den av forbranningen genererade okningen vid varje tidpunkt/vevvinkelposition kan adderas till den obranda zonens temperatur som ges av ekv. (7) for att erhalla 537 308 forbranningstemperaturen. Ett exempel pa variationen for fOrbranningstemperaturen fOr en fOrbranningscykel visas i fig. 4. Thus, by using equ (8), dT and thus LT can be determined, whereby the increase generated by the combustion at each time / crank angle position can be added to the temperature of the unburned zone given by equ. (7) to obtain the combustion temperature. An example of the variation of the combustion temperature for a combustion cycle is shown in Fig. 4.

Nar estimering utfors vid en senare tidpunkt under forbranningen, sasom t.ex. efter det att en forsta bransleinsprutning har utforts, kan p,osattas till det tryck som erhalls medelst trycksensorn 206, varvid estimering av en nastkommande insprutning kan utforas med ett starttryck som tar faktisk utveckling av tidigare forbranning med i berakningen, varvid en mer korrekt estimering for efterfoljande forbranning kan utforas. Det estimerade temperatursparet for forbranningen kan alltsa t.ex. se ut som temperatursparet i fig. 4. Sasom inses kan dock temperatursparet anta i princip godtyckligt utseende beroende pa hur stor branslemangd som insprutas och nar. When estimation is performed at a later time during combustion, such as e.g. after a first fuel injection has been performed, p, can be subjected to the pressure obtained by the pressure sensor 206, whereby estimation of a subsequent injection can be performed with a starting pressure which takes into account the actual development of previous combustion, whereby a more accurate estimation for subsequent combustion can be performed. The estimated temperature pair for the combustion can thus e.g. look like the temperature pair in Fig. 4. As can be seen, however, the temperature pair can in principle assume an arbitrary appearance depending on how much fuel is injected and when.

Nar forbranningstemperaturen har estimerats kan saledes koncentrationer och/eller absoluta mangder av framforallt N2 och 02 beraknas genom utnyttjande av forbranningskemin, varvid sedan, genom utnyttjande av ekv. (1) samt dess forbranningstemperaturberoende, genererade kvaveoxider NO kan estimeras for hela forbranningscykeln, dvs. aven for den del som ligger efter vevvinkellaget pl. Den forsta insprutningen kommer ants& att ge upphov till en forbranning, och darmed en varmefrigorelse och en tryckokning. Om forbranningen skulle ha forflutit precis sasom estimerat skulle temperaturutvecklingen vara lika med den initialt forvantade. Det verkliga fOrbranningstemperatursparet kommer dock med stor sannolikhet att avvika fran det predikterade temperatursparet under forbranningens gang pa grund av varmefOrluster, avvikelser fran den modellerade forbranningen, etc. Harmed kommer Aven de faktiskt genererade kvaveoxiderna NOx att avvika fran forvantad mangd kvaveoxider NOx (enligt ovan behover ingen sadan 26 537 308 estimering ha utforts infor den forsta insprutningen), och ju storre temperaturavvikelsen blir, desto storre kommer sannolikt aven avvikelsen mellan estimerade och faktiskt genererade mangder kvaveoxider NO att vara. Thus, when the combustion temperature has been estimated, concentrations and / or absolute amounts of mainly N2 and O2 can be calculated by using the combustion chemistry, then, by using eq. (1) and its combustion temperature-dependent, generated nitrogen oxides NO can be estimated for the entire combustion cycle, ie. aven for the part lying after the weave angle layer pl. The first injection will presumably give rise to a combustion, and thus a heat release and a pressure increase. If the combustion had proceeded exactly as estimated, the temperature development would be equal to the initially expected. However, the actual combustion temperature pair will in all probability deviate from the predicted temperature pair during the combustion process due to heat losses, deviations from the modeled combustion, etc. such 26 267 308 estimation have been performed before the first injection), and the larger the temperature deviation becomes, the larger the deviation between estimated and actually generated amounts of nitrogen oxides NO will probably be.

Eftersom tryck/temperatur i forbranningskammaren efter det att den forsta insprutningen inspl har utforts, sasom vid vevvinkelpositionen (1)1 i fig. 4, kan skilja sig fran de forhallanden som forvantas enligt det valda insprutningsschemat kommer ocksa forhallandena i forbranningskammaren vid tidpunkten for nastkommande insprutning insp2 med star sannolikhet att skilja sig fran predikterade forhallanden, varfor ocksa efterfoljande forbranning med stor sannolikhet kommer att avvika fran den predikterade forbranningen am det tidigare faststallda insprutningsschemat fortfarande skulle anvandas. Since the pressure / temperature in the combustion chamber after the first injection has been carried out, as at the crank angle position (1) 1 in Fig. 4, may differ from the conditions expected according to the selected injection scheme, the conditions in the combustion chamber will also differ at the time of the next injection. insp2 with a high probability of differing from predicted conditions, for which reason also subsequent combustion will in all probability deviate from the predicted combustion if the previously established injection schedule were still to be used.

Saledes är det inte ails sakert att onskade kvaveoxidnivaer kommer att uppnas under forbranningscykeln vid bransleinsprutning enligt den kanda tekniken. Darmed är det heller inte sakert att det är det ursprungligen faststallda insprutningsschemat som utgor det mast foredragna insprutningsschemat vid stravan att uppna onskade kvaveoxidnivaer. Thus, it is not ails certain that desired nitrogen oxide levels will be achieved during the combustion cycle of fuel injection according to the prior art. Thus, it is also not certain that it is the originally established injection schedule that constitutes the most preferred injection schedule for the punishment of achieving desired nitrogen oxide levels.

Det är av denna anledning den uppfinningsenliga regleringen av forbranningen utfors, och enligt foreliggande uppfinning kan den mangd kvaveoxider NO som kommer att genereras under pafoljande del av forbranningscykeln paverkas efter det att den forsta insprutningen inspi har utforts. It is for this reason that the inventive control of the combustion is performed, and according to the present invention, the amount of nitrogen oxides NO that will be generated during the subsequent part of the combustion cycle can be affected after the first injection has been performed.

I steg 307 fasts-tails darfor ett insprutningsschema pa nytt i syfte att reglera genereringen av kvaveoxider NOR, sasom t.ex. med mnet att forsoka minimera de genererade kvaveoxiderna NO 27 537 308 under forbranningscykeln, eller under aterstaende del av forbrdnningscykeln. In step 307, therefore, an injection scheme is fixed again in order to regulate the generation of nitrogen oxides NOR, such as e.g. with the aim of trying to minimize the generated nitrogen oxides NO 27 537 308 during the combustion cycle, or during the remaining part of the combustion cycle.

Vid faststallandet av insprutningsschema kan de ovanstaende berakningarna utforas for ett flertal insprutningsscheman, varvid sedan ett insprutningsschema valjs som forvantas resultera i att genererade kvaveoxider NO uPPfyller onskat villor. When determining the injection schedule, the above calculations can be performed for a plurality of injection schedules, whereby then an injection schedule is selected which is expected to result in generated nitrogen oxides NO filling up desired villas.

Vid berakningarna kan ett flertal pa forhand faststallda insprutningsscheman jamforas med varandra, alternativt kan berakningar utforas for olika insprutningar dar insprutningsparametrar sAsom t.ex. insprutningstidpunkt/langd successivt forandras. Vid utvardering av olika insprutningsscheman kan det aven vara fordelaktigt att utfora reglering med bivillkoret att utrattat arbete pa forbranningsmotorns utgaende axel bibehalls, eftersom annars sannolikheten är stor att endast litet eller inget arbete kommer att utrattas i den man enbart de genererade kvaveoxiderna NO minimeras, varvid den verkningsgraden betraffande generering av kvaveoxider NO optimeras pa bekostnad av lag uteffekt. Enligt en utforingsform kan regleringen saledes ses som ett minimeringsproblem som utgors av att finna en reglering som resulterar i att sá liten mangd kvaveoxider NO som mojligt genereras for ett visst av forbranningsmotorn utrattat arbete. In the calculations, a plurality of predetermined injection schedules can be compared with each other, alternatively calculations can be performed for different injections where injection parameters such as e.g. injection time / length gradually changed. When evaluating different injection schedules, it can also be advantageous to carry out regulation with the secondary condition that delayed work on the output shaft of the internal combustion engine is maintained, since otherwise it is very likely that little or no work will be performed in which only the generated nitrogen oxides NO are minimized The efficiency regarding the generation of nitrogen oxides NO is optimized at the expense of low output power. According to one embodiment, the control can thus be seen as a minimization problem which consists in finding a control which results in as small an amount of nitrogen oxides NO as is possible for a certain work done by the internal combustion engine.

Reglering av forbranningstemperaturen i forbranningskammaren kan saledes t.ex. utforas genom att reglera bransleinsprutningen, och genom att i steg 307 utfora estimering av genererade kvaveoxider NO for ett antal olika insprutningsscheman med varierande insprutningstidpunkter /insprutningslangder /antal insprutningar kan saledes ett insprutningsschema faststallas som i tillamplig eller sa hog 28 537 308 grad som mojligt minimerar vdrmeforlusterna under forbrdnningen. Control of the combustion temperature in the combustion chamber can thus e.g. is thus performed by regulating the fuel injection, and by performing in step 307 estimating generated nitrogen oxides NO for a number of different injection schedules with varying injection times / injection lengths / number of injections, an injection schedule can thus be established which, as applicable or as high as possible, during combustion.

Saledes kan i steg 307 faststdllas ett insprutningsschema, sasom ett insprutningsschema bland ett flertal definierade insprutningsscheman, som bdst minimerar genererade kvdveoxider NO eller uppfyller annat kriterium avseende kvdveoxiderna NOR, ddr detta insprutningsschema vidare kan faststdllas individuellt cylinder for cylinder, t.ex. baserat pa sensorsignaler fran atminstone en trycksensor i respektive forbrdnningskammare. Thus, in step 307, an injection scheme can be established, such as an injection scheme among a plurality of defined injection schemes, which either minimizes generated nitrogen oxides NO or meets another criterion regarding the nitrogen oxides NOR, where this injection scheme can further be determined individually cylinder by cylinder, e.g. based on sensor signals from at least one pressure sensor in each combustion chamber.

Ndr insprutningsschema har valts i steg 307 atergar forfarandet alltsa till steg 304 for utforande av ndsta insprutning, varvid dven denna ger upphov till en forbrdnning, och ddrmed en vdrmefrigorelse och temperaturspar, som med stor sannolikhet kommer att avvika fran det som precis har estimerats i steg 307. Detta betyder ocksa att forbrdnningen dven vid efterfoljande insprutningar sannolikt kommer att paverkas av radande forhallanden i forbrdnningskammaren ndr insprutningen paborjas. If an injection scheme has been selected in step 307, the process then returns to step 304 for performing the next injection, which also gives rise to a combustion, and thus a heat release and temperature saving, which will in all probability deviate from what has just been estimated in step 307. 307. This also means that the combustion is also likely to be affected by subsequent conditions in the combustion chamber during subsequent injections when the injection is started.

Regleringen upprepas sedan under pagaende forbrdnningscykel for att vid behov fordndra insprutningsschemat under pagaende forbrdnning om de i forbrdnningskammaren faktiskt rAdande forhallandena avviker frAn predikterade forhallanden. Genom att kontinuerligt faststdlla trycket i forbrdnningskammaren genom utnyttjande av tryckgivaren 206 kan faktisk tryckutveckling kontinuerligt jdmforas med estimerad tryckutveckling, varvid forfarandet dven kan innefatta att under en pagaende insprutning initiera ett faststdllande av nytt insprutningsschema vid behov. The regulation is then repeated during the current combustion cycle in order to, if necessary, change the injection schedule during the current combustion if the conditions actually prevailing in the combustion chamber deviate from the predicted conditions. By continuously determining the pressure in the combustion chamber by utilizing the pressure sensor 206, actual pressure development can be continuously compared with estimated pressure development, whereby the method may also include initiating a determination of a new injection schedule during an ongoing injection if necessary.

Saledes kan i steg 307, efter det att en efterfoljande insprutning har utforts, Ater en ny insprutningsstrategi for 29 537 308 aterstaende insprutningar beraknas, varvid fOrfarandet sedan atergar till steg 304 for utforande av efterfoljande bransleinsprutning enligt den nya insprutningsstrategi som framraknats i steg 307, fortfarande med hansyn tagen till det arbete som ska utforas under forbranningen, vilket normalt styrs av nagon overordnad process, t.ex. som svar pa en begaran om en viss drivkraft fran fordonets forare alternativt annan funktion i fordonets styrsystem, sasom t.ex. en farthallarfunktion. Regleringen kan saledes vara anordnad att utforas efter varje insprutning i, och nar sedan samtliga insprutningar i har utforts atergar forfarandet Iran steg 305 till steg 301 for reglering av en efterfoljande fOrbranningscykel. Thus, in step 307, after a subsequent injection has been performed, a new injection strategy for the remaining injections can be calculated, whereby the procedure then returns to step 304 for performing subsequent fuel injection according to the new injection strategy still advanced. with regard to the work to be performed during combustion, which is normally controlled by some overriding process, e.g. in response to a request for a certain driving force from the driver of the vehicle or other function in the vehicle's steering system, such as e.g. a cruise control function. The control can thus be arranged to be performed after each injection in, and when all the injections in have been performed, the procedure Iran repeats step 305 to step 301 for regulating a subsequent combustion cycle.

Vid de ovanstaende berakningarna anvands efter varje insprutning i aktuell tryckbestamning p,pigenom utnyttjande av trycksensorn 206 som p,0 enligt ovan for att anyo estimera temperaturforandringen under forbranningen vid estimering av mangden genererade kvaveoxider NO for att faststalla ett nytt insprutningsschema utefter de nu radande forhallandena i forbranningskammaren, men nu saledes med data som erhallits ytterligare en bit in i forbranningen. Dvs. p(piefter den forsta forbranningen och pa motsvarande satt faststallda p(pi for efterfoljande insprutningar, varvid saledes pn=0 forandras vid berakningar under forbranningscykeln, och varvid bransleinsprutningen anpassas efter radande forhallanden efter varje insprutning, med foljd att insprutningsschemat kan forandras efter varje insprutning. Samtidigt kan de hittills ackumulerade genererade kvaveoxiderna NO estimeras med god noggrannhet genom utnyttjande av de kontinuerligt erhallna trycksignalerna fran trycksensorn 206, och darmed det faktiska trycksparet istallet for det estimerade under den del av forbranningscykeln som redan har forflutit, varvid den 537 308 hittills genererade mangden aven kan utgOra parameter vid val av insprutningsschema. Om t.ex. endast en liten mangd kvaveoxider NO hittills har bildats kan t.ex. en storre forvantad mangd for efterfoljande del av forbranningen atminstone i vissa situationer accepteras. In the above calculations, after each injection in the current pressure determination p is used, using the pressure sensor 206 as p, 0 as above to estimate the temperature change during combustion when estimating the amount of generated nitrogen oxides NO the combustion chamber, but now thus with data obtained a further bit into the combustion. Ie. p (after the first combustion and in a corresponding manner determined p (pi for subsequent injections, whereby pn = 0 changes in calculations during the combustion cycle, and whereby the fuel injection is adapted to radiating conditions after each injection, with the result that the injection schedule can be changed after each injection. At the same time, the hitherto accumulated generated nitrogen oxides NO can be estimated with good accuracy by using the continuously obtained pressure signals from the pressure sensor 206, and thus the actual pressure pair instead of the estimated during the part of the combustion cycle which has already elapsed, 537 308 If, for example, only a small amount of nitrogen oxides NO has been formed so far, for example a larger expected amount for the subsequent part of the combustion can be accepted, at least in certain situations.

Hittills har hela insprutningsscheman fOr resterande fOrbranning utvarderats, men utvarderingen kan aven vara anordnad att utforas for enbart den kommande insprutningen efter en foregaende insprutning, varvid senare insprutningar kan hanteras efterhand med en fly insprutning vane gang forfarandet nar steg 307. Det i steg 307 valda insprutningsschemat kan alltsa utgoras av enbart den nastkommande insprutningen. Hitherto, whole injection schedules for residual combustion have been evaluated, but the evaluation may also be arranged to be performed for the next injection only after a previous injection, whereby subsequent injections can be handled gradually with a quick injection as usual in step 307. The injection selected in step 307 can thus consist of only the next injection.

Foreliggande uppfinning tillhandahaller saledes ett forfarande som anpassar forbranningen allteftersom forbranningen fortskrider, och innefattar allmant att baserat pa ett forsta parametervarde som faststalls efter det att en forsta del av forbranningen har genomforts reglera efterfoljande del av forbranningen under en och samma forbranningscykel, varvid forbranningen regleras med avseende pa de kvaveoxider NO som genereras under fOrbranningsprocessen. The present invention thus provides a method which adapts the combustion as the combustion proceeds, and generally comprises, based on a first parameter value determined after a first part of the combustion has been carried out, regulating subsequent part of the combustion during one and the same combustion cycle, the combustion being controlled with respect to on the nitrogen oxides NO generated during the combustion process.

Enligt foreliggande uppfinning anpassas saledes forbranningen under pagaende forbranning baserat pa avvikelser fran den predikterade forbranningen, och enligt en utforingsform varje gang en insprutning inspi har utforts sá lange som ytterligare insprutningar ska utforas. According to the present invention, the combustion is thus adapted during ongoing combustion based on deviations from the predicted combustion, and according to one embodiment each time an injection has been performed as long as further injections are to be performed.

Enligt det ovan beskrivna forfarandet har insprutningsschemat vid forbranningscykelns borjan faststallts baserat pa tabellerade varden, men enligt en utforingsform kan insprutningsstrategin redan innan bransleinsprutningen paborjas faststallas pa ovan beskrivna satt, varvid suedes 31 537 308 aven den fOrsta insprutningen utfOrs enligt ett enligt oven faststallt insprutningsschema. According to the method described above, the injection schedule at the beginning of the combustion cycle has been determined based on tabulated values, but according to one embodiment, the injection strategy can be determined in the manner described above even before the industry injection is started, whereby the first injection is performed according to

Vidare kan forfarandet vara anordnat att avbrytas nar temperaturen i forbranningskammaren har uppnatt maximal temperatur under forbranningen, da vasentligen all kvaveoxidgenerering kommer att ha utforts fram till denna tidpunkt, varfOr efterfOljande reglering istallet t.ex. kan utforas helt enligt valt insprutningsschema, alternativt utforas baserat pa nagot annat tillampligt kriterium. Furthermore, the process can be arranged to be interrupted when the temperature in the combustion chamber has reached the maximum temperature during the combustion, as essentially all nitrogen oxide generation will have been carried out up to this time, for which subsequent control instead e.g. can be performed completely according to the selected injection schedule, or alternatively performed based on some other applicable criterion.

Vidare har regleringen hittills beskrivits pa ett satt dar egenskaperna for en nastkommande insprutning faststalls baserat pa radande forhallanden i forbranningskammaren efter den foregaende insprutningen. Regleringen kan dock aven vara anordnad att utforas kontinuerligt, varvid tryckbestamningar kan utforas med hjalp av trycksensorn aven under pagaende insprutning, och varvid insprutningsschemat kan beraknas och korrigeras Andra fram till dess att nasta insprutning paborjas. Alternativt kan till och med den pagaende insprutningen paverkas av framraknade forandringar i insprutningsschemat aven vid de fall ett flertal kortare insprutningar utfors. Insprutningen kan Aven utgoras av en enda langre insprutning, varvid forandringar av pagaende insprutning kontinuerligt kan utforas, t.ex. genom s.k. rate shaping, t.ex. genom att forandra oppningsarea hos insprutningsmunstycket och/eller det tryck med vilket bransle insprutas baserat pa estimeringar och uppmatta tryckvarden under insprutningen. Vidare kan bransletillforsel under forbranningen innefatta endast tva bransleinsprutningar, dar t.ex. endast den andra eller bada insprutningarna regleras t.ex. med hjalp av rate shaping. Rate shaping kan aven tillampas vid fallet dar tre eller fler insprutningar utfors. 32 537 308 Ju fler bransleinsprutningar som utfors under en forbranningscykel, desto fler parametrar kan forandras, samtidigt som utrattat arbete ska bibehallas. Vid ett stort antal insprutningar kan darfor regleringen bli forhallandevis komplex, eftersom ett stort antal parametrar kan varieras och darmed skulle behova utvarderas. T.ex. kan ett mycket stort antal insprutningar vara anordnade att utforas under en och samma forbranningscykel, sasom ett tiotal, eller t.o.m. ett hundratal insprutningar. Furthermore, the regulation has hitherto been described in a manner in which the properties of a subsequent injection are determined based on prevailing conditions in the combustion chamber after the previous injection. However, the control can also be arranged to be performed continuously, whereby pressure determinations can be performed with the aid of the pressure sensor also during pagan injection, and whereby the injection schedule can be calculated and corrected Second until the next injection is drilled. Alternatively, even the ongoing injection can be affected by protruding changes in the injection schedule even in cases where a number of shorter injections are performed. The injection can also consist of a single longer injection, whereby changes of ongoing injection can be performed continuously, e.g. by so-called rate shaping, e.g. by changing the opening area of the injection nozzle and / or the pressure at which fuel is injected based on estimates and measured pressure values during injection. Furthermore, fuel supply during combustion can include only two fuel injections, where e.g. only the second or both injections are regulated e.g. with the help of rate shaping. Rate shaping can also be applied in the case where three or more injections are performed. 32 537 308 The more fuel injections that are carried out during an incineration cycle, the more parameters can be changed, while at the same time tiring work must be maintained. With a large number of injections, the regulation can therefore be relatively complex, since a large number of parameters can be varied and thus would need to be evaluated. For example. a very large number of injections can be arranged to be performed during one and the same combustion cycle, such as a dozen, or even about a hundred injections.

Vid dylika situationer kan det finnas flera ekvivalenta insprutningsstrategier, som ants& resulterar i vasentligen samma mangd genererade kvaveoxider NOR. Detta introducerar en oonskad komplexitet i berakningarna. In such situations, there may be several equivalent injection strategies, which are assumed & result in essentially the same amount of generated nitrogen oxides NOR. This introduces an undesirable complexity in the calculations.

Enligt en utforingsform tillampas en reglering dar den i tiden narmast narliggande insprutningen/injektionen betraktas som en separat insprutning, och darefter foljande bransleinsprutningar som en enda ytterligare "virtuell" insprutning. Detta exemplifieras i fig. 5A, dar insprutningen 501 motsvarar inspi enligt ovan, insprutningen 502 motsvarar insp2 enligt ovan, och dar resterande insprutningar 503-50 behandlas som en enda virtuell insprutning 506, dvs. insprutningen 506 behandlas som en insprutning med en branslemangd vasentligen motsvarande den sammanlagda branslemangden for insprutningarna 503-505, och dar fordelning kan ske mellan insprutningen 502 och den virtuella insprutningen 506. Genom att forfara pa detta satt behover en bransleforskjutning mellan insp2 och efterfOljande insprutningar, t.ex. for att tidigarelagga eller senarelagga en framraknad mangd bransle (den totala mangden bransle som ska insprutas kan vara vasentligen konstant, dock vid behov med hansyn tagen till verkningsgradsforandringar, sá att onskat arbete fortfarande utrattas) inte fOrdelas specifikt 33 537 308 mellan insprutningarna 503-505, utan fordelning sker i detta skede mellan insprutning 502 respektive den "virtuella" insprutningen 506. According to one embodiment, a control is applied where the closest injection / injection at the time is considered as a separate injection, and subsequent industry injections as a single additional "virtual" injection. This is exemplified in Fig. 5A, where the injection 501 corresponds to inspi as above, the injection 502 corresponds to insp2 as above, and where the remaining injections 503-50 are treated as a single virtual injection 506, i.e. the injection 506 is treated as an injection with an industry quantity substantially corresponding to the total industry amount for the injections 503-505, and where distribution can take place between the injection 502 and the virtual injection 506. By proceeding in this way, an industry shift between insp2 and subsequent injections is required. .ex. to anticipate or delay an accumulated amount of fuel (the total amount of fuel to be injected can be substantially constant, but if necessary with regard to changes in efficiency, so that the desired work is still carried out) is not specifically allocated between the injections 503-505, without distribution occurs at this stage between the injection 502 and the "virtual" injection 506, respectively.

Nar sedan insprutningen 502 har genomforts upprepas forfarandet precis som ovan, med ny bestamning av insprutningsschema for att reglera de genererade kvaveoxiderna NO men da med insprutningen 503 som separat insprutning, se fig. 5B, och insprutning 504, 505 utgor tillsammans en virtuell insprutning vid fordelning enligt ovan. Once the injection 502 has been performed, the procedure is repeated as above, with a new determination of the injection scheme to regulate the generated nitrogen oxides NO but then with the injection 503 as a separate injection, see Fig. 5B, and injection 504, 505 together constitute a virtual injection during distribution as above.

I fig. 5A utgors den virtuella insprutningen 506 av tre insprutningar, men sasom inses kan den virtuella insprutningen 506 fran borjan innefatta fler an tre insprutningar, sasom 10- tals insprutningar eller 100-tals insprutningar, i beroende av hur manga insprutningar som avses att utforas under forbranningscykeln, varvid forfarandet upprepas till dess att samtliga insprutningar har utforts. In Fig. 5A, the virtual injection 506 consists of three injections, but as will be appreciated, the virtual injection 506 may initially comprise more than three injections, such as 10 injections or 100 injections, depending on how many injections are intended to be performed. during the combustion cycle, the procedure being repeated until all the injections have been made.

Enligt en utforingsform nyttjas t.ex. en MPC (Model Predictive Control)-reglering vid reglering enligt uppfinningen. Ett exempel pa en MPC-reglering visas i fig. 6, dar referenskurvan 603 motsvarar forvantad utveckling for genereringen av kvaveoxider NO under forbranningscykeln. Kurvan 603 representerar saledes utvecklingen for de ackumulerade genererade kvaveoxiderna NO som efterstravas under forbranningscykeln. Denna kurva kan t.ex. utgoras av en under forbranningscykeln realistiskt uppnabar (t.ex. lagsta eller annan onskad) niva for de genererade kvaveoxiderna NO vid aktuell last och radande varvtal, och kan med fordel faststallas pa forhand, t.ex. genom tillampliga berakningar och/eller matningar pa motortypen, varvid dessa data kan lagras i styrsystemets minne som funktion av t.ex. varvtal och last. Detta medfor ocksa att forbranningen inte behOver styras 34 537 308 enbart mot en vid vane tillfalle radande generering av kvaveoxider NOR, utan kan aven vara anordnad att styras mot en forvantad total utveckling for mangden genererade kvaveoxider NOR, sasom t.ex. kurvan 603 i fig. 6, varvid varje insprutning kan ha som syfte att resultera i en hittills ackumulerad mangd kvaveoxider NO som vid flagon given tidpunkt uppgar till motsvarande punkt pa kurvan 603. Kurvan 603 kan i en utforingsform utgoras av en kurva representerande forvantade genererade kvaveoxider NO vid vane punkt, dvs. inte en ackumulerad mangd kvaveoxider NOR, varvid den genererade mangden kvaveoxider NO kan regleras mot denna borvardeskurva istallet. According to one embodiment, e.g. an MPC (Model Predictive Control) control when controlling according to the invention. An example of an MPC control is shown in Fig. 6, where the reference curve 603 corresponds to the expected development for the generation of nitrogen oxides NO during the combustion cycle. Curve 603 thus represents the evolution of the accumulated generated nitrogen oxides NO which are aspirated during the combustion cycle. This curve can e.g. consists of a realistically achievable (eg lowest or other desired) level for the generated nitrogen oxides NO at the current load and radiating speed during the combustion cycle, and can advantageously be determined in advance, e.g. by applicable calculations and / or feeds on the motor type, whereby this data can be stored in the control system memory as a function of e.g. speed and load. This also means that the combustion does not have to be directed only towards a customary generation of nitrogen oxides NOR, but can also be arranged to be directed towards a expected total development for the amount of generated nitrogen oxides NOR, such as e.g. curve 603 in Fig. 6, each injection being intended to result in a hitherto accumulated amount of nitrogen oxides NO which at the given time amounts to the corresponding point on curve 603. Curve 603 may in one embodiment consist of a curve representing expected generated nitrogen oxides NO at habit point, ie. not an accumulated amount of nitrogen oxides NOR, whereby the generated amount of nitrogen oxides NO can be regulated against this boron value curve instead.

Den heldragna kurvan 602 fram till tiden k representerar den faktiskt genererade mangden kvaveoxider NO fram till tiden k och som har framraknas enligt ovan med hjalp av faktiska data fran den vevvinkelupplosta tryckgivaren. Kurvan 601 representerar predikterad utveckling for de genererade kvaveoxiderna NO baserat pa vald insprutningsprofil, och utgor saledes den utveckling for genereringen av kvaveoxider NO som forvantas. Streckade insprutningar 605, 606, 607 representerar den predikterade styrsignalen, dvs. den insprutningsprofil som forvantas tillampas, och 608, 609 representerar redan utforda insprutningar. The solid curve 602 up to time k represents the actual generated amount of nitrogen oxides NO up to time k and which has been calculated as above with the aid of actual data from the crank angle dissolved pressure sensor. Curve 601 represents the predicted development for the generated nitrogen oxides NO based on the selected injection profile, and thus constitutes the development for the generation of nitrogen oxides NO that is expected. Dashed injections 605, 606, 607 represent the predicted control signal, i.e. the expected injection profile is applied, and 608, 609 represent already challenging injections.

Den predikterade insprutningsprofilen uppdateras med tillampliga mellanrum, sasom t.ex. efter vane utford insprutning eller under pagdende insprutning, for att ná slutvardet som efterstravas och som ges av referenskruvan 603, och dar nasta insprutning faststalls baserat pa radande forhallanden i forhallande till den estimerade genereringen av kvaveoxider NOR. 537 308 Uppfinningen har ovan exemplifierats pa ett satt dar en trycksensor 206 anvands for att faststalla ett tryck i forbranningskammaren, och med hjalp av vilket temperatur och kvaveoxidgenerering enligt ovan kan estimeras. Ett alternativ till att anvanda trycksensorer kan istallet utgoras av nyttjande av en (eller flera) andra sensorer, sasom t.ex. hogupplosta jonstromsensorer, knacksensorer eller tojningsgivare, varvid trycket i forbranningskammaren kan modelleras genom utnyttjande av sensorsignaler fran dylika sensorer. Det är aven mojligt att kombinera olika typer av sensorer, t.ex. for att erhalla en sakrare estimering av trycket i forbranningskammaren, och/eller anvanda andra tillampliga sensorer, dar sensorsignalerna omraknas till motsvarande tryck for anvandning vid reglering enligt ovan. The predicted injection profile is updated at appropriate intervals, such as e.g. as usual challenge injection or during pagdende injection, to reach the final value which is sought and given by the reference screw 603, and where the next injection is determined based on prevailing conditions in relation to the estimated generation of nitrogen oxides NOR. 537 308 The invention has been exemplified above in a manner in which a pressure sensor 206 is used to determine a pressure in the combustion chamber, and by means of which temperature and nitrogen oxide generation as above can be estimated. An alternative to using pressure sensors can instead be the use of one (or more) other sensors, such as e.g. high-resolution ion current sensors, knock sensors or strain gauges, whereby the pressure in the combustion chamber can be modeled by utilizing sensor signals from such sensors. It is also possible to combine different types of sensors, e.g. to obtain a more accurate estimation of the pressure in the combustion chamber, and / or to use other applicable sensors, where the sensor signals are converted to the corresponding pressure for use in control as above.

Regleringen enligt uppfinningen kan aven innefatta att forutom att utfora en estimering av ett flertal majliga regleringsalternativ baserat enbart pa genererade kvaveoxider NOR, aven utvardera regleringsalternativ baserat pa andra kriterier. T.ex. kan reglering utforas baserat pa en kostnadsfunktion for olika reglerparametrar. The control according to the invention may also comprise, in addition to performing an estimation of a plurality of oral control alternatives based solely on generated nitrogen oxides NOR, also evaluating control alternatives based on other criteria. For example. control can be performed based on a cost function for different control parameters.

T.ex. kan i de fall flera insprutningsscheman/regleralternativ uppfyller uppsatta villkor andra parametrar anvandas for att valja vilket av dessa som ska anvandas. Det kan aven finnas andra anledningar till att samtidigt reglera aven baserat pa andra parametrar. T.ex. kan insprutningsschema, forutom baserat pa genererade kvaveoxider NOR, delvis valjas aven baserat pa ett eller flera av perspektiven tryckforandringshastighet, varmeforlust, avgastemperatur, utrattat arbete i forbranningskammaren, eller tryckamplitud vid forbranningen som ytterligare kriterium, dar sadan bestamning kan utforas enligt nagon av de nedan angivna parallella patentansokningarna. Specifikt visas i den 36 537 308 parallella ansokan "FORFARANDE OCH SYSTEM FOR REGLERING AV EN FORBRANNINGSMOTOR I" (svensk patentansokan, ansokningsnummer: 1350506-0) ett forfarande for att baserat pa en estimerad maximal tryckforandringshastighet reglera efterfoljande forbranning. For example. In cases where several injection schemes / control alternatives meet the set conditions, other parameters can be used to select which of these is to be used. There may also be other reasons for simultaneously regulating even based on other parameters. For example. Injection schedule, in addition to based on generated nitrogen oxides NOR, can also be partly selected based on one or more of the perspectives pressure change rate, heat loss, exhaust temperature, exhausted work in the combustion chamber, or pressure amplitude during combustion as additional criteria, where such determination can be performed according to any of the parallel patent applications. Specifically, the parallel application "PROCEDURE AND SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING AN COMBUSTION ENGINE I" (Swedish patent application, application number: 1350506-0) is shown in the 36 537 308 parallel application for a procedure for regulating subsequent combustion based on an estimated maximum pressure change rate.

Vidare visar den parallella ansokan "FORFARANDE OCH SYSTEM FOR REGLERING AV EN FORBRANNINGSMOTOR II" (svensk patentansokan, ansokningsnummer: 1350507-8) ett forfarande for att under en forsta forbranningscykel reglera en pafOljande del av forbranning under namnda forsta forbranningscykel med avseende pa en vid namnda efterfoljande forbranning resulterande temperatur. Furthermore, the parallel application "PROCEDURE AND SYSTEM FOR REGULATING AN COMBUSTION ENGINE II" (Swedish patent application, application number: 1350507-8) shows a procedure for regulating a subsequent part of combustion during a first combustion cycle during said first combustion cycle. subsequent combustion resulting temperature.

Vidare visar den parallella ansokan "FORFARANDE OCH SYSTEM FOR REGLERING AV EN FORBRANNINGSMOTOR III" (svensk patentansokan, ansokningsnummer: 1350509-4) ett forfarande for att under en forsta forbranningscykel reglera forbranning under en pafoljande del av namnda forsta forbranningscykel med avseende pa ett vid forbranningen utrattat arbete. Furthermore, the parallel application "PROCEDURE AND SYSTEM FOR REGULATING AN COMBUSTION ENGINE III" (Swedish patent application, application number: 1350509-4) shows a procedure for regulating combustion during a first combustion cycle during a subsequent part of said first combustion cycle with respect to a combustion engine. exhausted work.

Vidare visar den parallella ansokan "FORFARANDE OCH SYSTEM FOR REGLERING AV EN FORBRANNINGSMOTOR IV" (svensk patentansokan, ansokningsnummer: 1350510-2) ett forfarande for att under en forsta forbranningscykel reglera forbranning under en pafoljande del av namnda forsta forbranningscykel med avseende pa en representation av en vid namnda forbranning resulterande varmeforlust. Furthermore, the parallel application "PROCEDURE AND SYSTEM FOR REGULATING AN COMBUSTION ENGINE IV" (Swedish patent application, application number: 1350510-2) shows a procedure for regulating combustion during a first combustion cycle during a subsequent part of said first combustion cycle of a heat loss resulting from said combustion.

Vidare visar den parallella ans6kan "FORFARANDE OCH SYSTEM FOR REGLERING AV EN FORBRANNINGSMOTOR V" (svensk patentansokan, ansokningsnummer: 1350508-6) ett forfarande for att baserat pa en estimerad maximal tryckamplitud reglera efterfoljande forbranning. 37 537 308 Vidare har i ovanstaende beskrivning ett exempelforfarande for att estimera temperaturforandring under forbranningscykeln tillampats. Sasom inses kan dven andra tillampliga metoder for att estimera tryck och/eller temperatur och/eller genererade kvaveoxider NO an de i foreliggande beskrvning exemplifierade tillampas. Furthermore, the parallel application "PROCEDURE AND SYSTEM FOR REGULATING AN COMBUSTION ENGINE V" (Swedish patent application, application number: 1350508-6) shows a procedure for regulating subsequent combustion based on an estimated maximum pressure amplitude. 37 537 308 Furthermore, in the above description, an exemplary method for estimating temperature change during the combustion cycle has been applied. As will be appreciated, other applicable methods for estimating pressure and / or temperature and / or generated nitrogen oxides NO may also be applied to those exemplified in the present specification.

Vidare har i ovanstaende beskrivning endast brdnsleinsprutning reglerats. Istallet for att reglera mangden tillfort bransle kan forbrdnningen vara anordnat att regleras med hjdlp av t.ex. avgasventiler, varvid insprutning kan utforas enligt forutbestdmt schema, men ddr avgasventilerna anvdnds for att reglera trycket i forbranningskammaren och darmed aven temperaturen. Furthermore, in the above description, only fuel injection has been regulated. Instead of regulating the amount of fuel supplied, the combustion can be arranged to be regulated with the aid of e.g. exhaust valves, in which case injection can be carried out according to a predetermined schedule, but the exhaust valves are used to regulate the pressure in the combustion chamber and thus also the temperature.

Vidare kan regleringen utforas med nagon tillamplig typ av regulator, eller t.ex. med hjalp av tillstAndsmodeller och tillstAndsAterkoppling (exempelvis linjar programmering, LQGmetoden eller liknande). Furthermore, the control can be performed with any applicable type of regulator, or e.g. using state models and state feedback (for example, line programming, the LQG method or similar).

Det uppfinningsenliga forfarandet for reglering av forbrdnningsmotorn kan dven kombineras med sensorsignaler frAn andra sensorsystem dar upplosning pA vevvinkelnivA inte är tillgdnglig, sasom t.ex. annan tryckgivare, NOx-sensorer, NH3- sensorer, PM-sensorer, syresensorer och/eller temperaturgivare etc., vilka insignaler t.ex. kan anvandas som inparametrar vid estimering av t.ex. forvamtat tryck/temperatur genom utnyttjande av datadrivna modeller helt eller delvis istdllet for modeller av ovan beskrivna typ. The process according to the invention for controlling the internal combustion engine can also be combined with sensor signals from other sensor systems where resolution at the crank angle level is not available, such as e.g. other pressure sensors, NOx sensors, NH3 sensors, PM sensors, oxygen sensors and / or temperature sensors etc., which input signals e.g. can be used as input parameters when estimating e.g. pre-measured pressure / temperature by utilizing data-driven models in whole or in part istdllet for models of the type described above.

Vidare har foreliggande uppfinning ovan exemplifierats i anknytning till fordon. Uppfinningen är dock Aven tilldmplig vid godtyckliga farkoster/processer dar kvaveoxidreglering enligt ovan är tilldmplig, s&som t.ex. vatten- eller luftfarkoster med forbranningsprocesser enligt ovan. 38 537 308 Det skall ocksa noteras att systemet kan modifieras enligt olika utforingsformer av forfarandet enligt uppfinningen (och vice versa) och att foreliggande uppfinning inte pa n&got vis är begransad till de ovan beskrivna utforingsformerna av forfarandet enligt uppfinningen, utan avser och innefattar alla utforingsformer mom de bifogade sjalvstandiga kravens skyddsomfAng. 39 Furthermore, the present invention has been exemplified above in connection with vehicles. However, the invention is also applicable to arbitrary vessels / processes where nitric oxide control as above is applicable, such as e.g. water or aircraft with combustion processes as above. It should also be noted that the system can be modified according to various embodiments of the method according to the invention (and vice versa) and that the present invention is not in any way limited to the above-described embodiments of the method according to the invention, but relates to and includes all embodiments the scope of the attached independent requirements. 39

Claims

537 308 Patentkrav 1. Forfarande for styrning av en forbranningsmotor (101), varvid namnda forbranningsmotor (101) innefattar atminstone en forbranningskammare (201) och organ (202) for tillforsel av bransle till namnda forbranningskammare (201), varvid forbranning i namnda forbranningskammare (201) sker i forbranningscykler, varvid forfarandet är kinnetecknat av att:A method of controlling an internal combustion engine (101), said combustion engine (101) comprising at least one combustion chamber (201) and means (202) for supplying fuel to said combustion chamber (201), said combustion in said combustion chamber (101). 201) takes place in combustion cycles, the process being characterized in that:

1. under en forsta del av en forsta forbranningscykel faststalla ett forsta parametervarde representerande en storhet vid forbranning i namnda forbranningskammare, och baserat pA namnda forsta parametervarde estimera ett forsta matt pa kvaveoxider (NO) resulterande vid forbranning under Atminstone en del av namnda forsta forbranningscykel, och 2. baserat pa namnda forsta matt, reglera forbranning under en pafoljande del av namnda forsta forbranningscykel.Determining during a first part of a first combustion cycle a first parameter value representing a quantity for combustion in said combustion chamber, and based on said first parameter value estimating a first mat of nitrogen oxides (NO) resulting from combustion during at least a part of said first combustion cycle, and 2. based on said first mat, regulating combustion during a subsequent part of said first combustion cycle.

2. Forfarande enligt krav 1, varvid namnda estimerade forsta matt utgor en estimerad kvaveoxid (N0x)-ha1t for de vid forbranningen resulterande avgaserna.A method according to claim 1, wherein said estimated first mat constitutes an estimated nitrogen oxide (NOx) content for the exhaust gases resulting from the combustion.

3. Forfarande enligt nagot av kraven 1-2, vidare innefattande att: 1. vid namnda reglering, reglera forbranningen mot en forstaniva for de under namnda forsta forbranningscykel genererade kvaveoxiderna (1\10x).A method according to any one of claims 1-2, further comprising: 1. in said control, regulating the combustion against a sense level of the nitrogen oxides generated during said first combustion cycle (1 \ 10x).

4. Forfarande enligt nagot av kraven 1-3, vidare innefattande att: 1. vid namnda reglering, reglera forbranningen mot en minimering av de under namnda forsta forbranningscykel genererade kvaveoxiderna (N0x). 537 308A method according to any one of claims 1-3, further comprising: 1. in said control, controlling the combustion against a minimization of the nitrogen oxides (NOx) generated during said first combustion cycle. 537 308

5. Forfarande enligt nagot av kraven 1-4 vidare innefattande att: 1. genom utnyttjande av ett forsta sensororgan faststalla ett fOrsta parametervarde representerande en storhet vid fOrbranning i namnda forbranningskammare (201), och 2. baserat pa namnda forsta parametervarde, estimera namnda forsta matt pa kvaveoxider (NO) resulterande vid forbranning under namnda forsta forbranningscykel.A method according to any one of claims 1-4 further comprising: 1. using a first sensor means determining a first parameter value representing a quantity in combustion in said combustion chamber (201), and 2. based on said first parameter value, estimating said first matt on nitrogen oxides (NO) resulting from combustion during said first combustion cycle.

6. Forfarande enligt krav 5, varvid namnda forsta parametervarde representerar ett i namnda forbranningskammare (201) radande tryck.The method of claim 5, wherein said first parameter value represents a pressure radiating in said combustion chamber (201).

7. Forfarande enligt nagot av foregaende krav, vidare innefattande att: 1. estimera en forvantad forbranningstemperaturforandring under namnda pafoljande del av namnda forsta fOrbranningscykel, och estimera mangden resulterande kvaveoxider (NO) atminstone delvis baserat pa namnda forvantade forbranningstemperaturforandring under namnda pafoljande del av namnda forsta forbranningscykel.A method according to any preceding claim, further comprising: 1. estimating an expected combustion temperature change during said subsequent part of said first combustion cycle, and estimating the amount of resulting nitrogen oxides (NO) at least in part based on said expected combustion temperature change during said subsequent combustion temperature change. combustion cycle.

8. FOrfarande enligt krav 7, varvid namnda forbranningstemperaturforandring i namnda forbranningskammare (201) estimeras atminstone delvis genom estimering av en varmefrigorelse under namnda forbranning.The method of claim 7, wherein said combustion temperature change in said combustion chamber (201) is estimated at least in part by estimating a heat release during said combustion.

9. Forfarande enligt krav 7 eller 8, vidare innefattande att estimera mangden tillganglig kvavgas (N2) respektive mangden tillganglig syrgas (02) atminstone delvis genom utnyttjande av en branslemangd for tillforsel till namnda forbranning, varvid mangden genererade kvaveoxider (N0x) 41 537 308 estimeras atminstone delvis baserat pa ndmnda tillgangliga mangder kvavgas respektive syrgas.A method according to claim 7 or 8, further comprising estimating the amount of available nitrogen gas (N2) and the amount of available oxygen gas (O 2), respectively, at least in part by utilizing an industry quantity for supply to said combustion, wherein the amount of generated nitrogen oxides (NOx) 41 537 308 is estimated. at least in part based on the said available amounts of nitrogen gas and oxygen, respectively.

10. Forfarande enligt nagot av kraven 7-9, varvid en estimerad forbrdnningstemperaturfordndring vid namnda reglering estimeras atminstone delvis baserat pA en estimerad tryckforandring i namnda forbranningskammare (201).A method according to any one of claims 7-9, wherein an estimated combustion temperature change in said control is estimated at least in part based on an estimated pressure change in said combustion chamber (201).

11. Forfarande enligt nAgot av kraven 7-10, vidare innefattande att estimera ndmnda forbranningstemperatur som en summa av en estimering av en av forbranning orsakad temperaturokning i forhAllande till en forsta temperatur, och en estimering av nathnda forsta temperatur, ddr namnda forsta temperatur utgOr en estimerad temperatur for oforbrdnd gas i namnda forbranningskammare.A method according to any one of claims 7-10, further comprising estimating said combustion temperature as a sum of an estimation of a temperature increase caused by combustion relative to a first temperature, and an estimation of said first temperature, wherein said first temperature is a estimated temperature of unburned gas in the said combustion chamber.

12. Forfarande enligt krav 8, vidare innefattande att estimera namnda varmefrigorelse genom utnyttjande av en branslemangd for tillforsel till namnda forbranning.The method of claim 8, further comprising estimating said heat release by utilizing an industry quantity for supply to said combustion.

13. Forfarande enligt nagot av foregaende krav, vidare innefattande att estimera mangden genererade kvaveoxider (NO.) Atminstone delvis genom utnyttjande av en Zeldovichmekanism.A method according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising estimating the amount of nitrogen oxides generated (NO.) At least in part by utilizing a Zeldovich mechanism.

14. Forfarande enligt nAgot av foregaende krav, vidare innefattande att estimera mangden genererade kvaveoxider (NO.) Atminstone delvis genom utnyttjande av en eller flera av: datadriven modell, empirisk modell, fysikalisk modell.A method according to any preceding claim, further comprising estimating the amount of nitrogen oxides generated (NO.) At least in part using one or more of: data driven model, empirical model, physical model.

15. Forfarande enligt nagot av foregaende krav, vidare innefattande att faststalla Atminstone en reglerparameter for reglering av namnda efterfoljande forbranning, varvid 42 537 308 namnda reglerparameter utgor en reglerparameter dar estimerad mangd genererade kvaveoxider (NO) vid forbranningen vid reglering enligt namnda reglerparameter farvantas understiga en forsta mangd genererade kvaveoxider (N0x).A method according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising determining At least one control parameter for controlling said subsequent combustion, wherein said control parameter is a control parameter where the estimated amount of nitrogen oxides generated (NO) in the combustion during control according to said control parameter is required to be less than one. first amount of nitrogen oxides generated (N0x).

16. Forfarande enligt nagot av foregAende krav, vidare innefattande att: - vid faststallande av en reglerparameter for reglering av namnda efterfoljande forbranning baserat pa namnda forsta matt pa kvaveoxider (NO), faststalla en reglerparameter som forvantas resultera i begart, eller atminstone halften av begart, arbete vid namnda forbranning.A method according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising: - in determining a control parameter for controlling said subsequent combustion based on said first matte of nitrogen oxides (NO), determining a control parameter which is expected to result in the desired, or at least half of the desired , work on the said combustion.

17. Forfarande enligt nagot av foregAende krav, vidare innefattande att reglera forbranning under namnda pafoljande del av namnda forsta forbranningscykel genom reglering av mangden bransle for tillforsel till namnda forbranningskammare (201).A method according to any preceding claim, further comprising controlling combustion during said subsequent portion of said first combustion cycle by controlling the amount of fuel for supply to said combustion chamber (201).

18. Forfarande enligt nAgot av foregaende krav, vidare innefattande att: - estimera en forvantad mangd genererade kvaveoxider (NO) for Atminstone tva regleralternativ for namnda efterfoljande forbranning genom utnyttjande av namnda forsta parametervarde, och - valja ett regleralternativ bland namnda flertal regleralternativ for reglering av forbranningen under namnda efterfOljande forbranning baserat pa namnda forvantade mangder genererade kvaveoxider (N0x).A method according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising: - estimating an expected amount of generated nitrogen oxides (NO) for at least two control alternatives for said subsequent combustion by utilizing said first parameter value, and - selecting a control alternative from said plurality of control alternatives for controlling the combustion during said subsequent combustion based on said expected amounts of nitrogen oxides (NOx) generated.

19. Forfarande enligt krav 18, vidare innefattande att: - faststalla huruvida nagot av namnda regleralternativ utgor ett regleralternativ dar estimerad mangd genererade 43 537 308 kvaveoxider (NO) vid reglering enligt namnda regleralternativ understiger en forsta mangd, och - om sA är fallet, valja ett regleralternativ dar estimerad mangd genererade kvaveoxider (NO) understiger namnda forsta mangd.The method of claim 18, further comprising: - determining whether any of said control alternatives constitutes a control alternative where the estimated amount generated by 43,537,308 nitrogen oxides (NO) upon control according to said control alternative is less than an initial amount, and - if sA is the case, selecting a control alternative where the estimated amount of generated nitrogen oxides (NO) is less than said first amount.

20. Forfarande enligt krav 18 eller 19, vidare innefattande att valja det regleralternativ som forvantas resultera i lagst genererad mangd kvaveoxider (NO) under namnda efterfoljande forbranning.The method of claim 18 or 19, further comprising selecting the control alternative that is expected to result in the least generated amount of nitrogen oxides (NO) during said subsequent combustion.

21. Forfarande enligt nagot av kraven 18-20, varvid namnda regleralternativ utgOrs av alternativ for tillforsel av bransle under namnda pafoljande del av namnda forbranningscykel.A method according to any one of claims 18-20, wherein said control alternative consists of alternatives for supplying fuel during said subsequent part of said combustion cycle.

22. Forfarande enligt nagot av kraven 18-21, varvid namnda till namnda forbranningskammare (201) tillforda bransle regleras genom styrning av bransleinsprutning medelst Atminstone en bransleinjektor.A method according to any one of claims 18-21, wherein said fuel supplied to said combustion chamber (201) is regulated by controlling fuel injection by means of at least one fuel injector.

23. Forfarande enligt nagot av kraven 18-22, varvid Atminstone en bransleinsprutning utfors under namnda pafOljande del av namnda forbranningscykel, varvid vid namnda reglering branslemangd for insprutning och/eller insprutningslangd och/eller insprutningstryck och/eller tid mellan insprutningar regleras for namnda bransleinsprutning.A method according to any one of claims 18-22, wherein at least one fuel injection is performed during said subsequent part of said combustion cycle, wherein in said regulation the fuel quantity for injection and / or injection length and / or injection pressure and / or time between injections is regulated for said fuel injection.

24. Forfarande enligt nAgot av kraven 18-23, varvid atminstone tva bransleinsprutningar utfors under namnda pafoljande del av namnda farbranningscykel, varvid namnda forbranning regleras aven efter namnda forsta av namnda tva insprutningar av bransle. 44 537 308A method according to any one of claims 18-23, wherein at least two fuel injections are performed during said subsequent part of said combustion cycle, said combustion also being regulated after said first of said two fuel injections. 44 537 308

25. Forfarande enligt nagot av kraven 18-24, varvid vid reglering av namnda forbranning Atminstone tre bransleinsprutningar utfors under namnda pafoljande del av namnda forbranningsprocess, varvid vid reglering av en fbrsta av namnda Atminstone tre insprutningar, AterstAende insprutningar behandlas som en enda sammanlagd insprutning.A method according to any one of claims 18-24, wherein in controlling said combustion, at least three fuel injections are performed during said subsequent part of said combustion process, wherein in regulating a first of said at least three injections, remaining injections are treated as a single total injection.

26. Forfarande enligt nAgot av kraven 18-25, varvid reglering av forbranningen under namnda pAfOljande del av namnda fOrsta forbranningscykel utfors Atminstone delvis genom reglering av insprutning av bransle till namnda forbranningskammare (201) under en pAgAende bransleinsprutning.A method according to any one of claims 18-25, wherein controlling the combustion during said subsequent part of said first combustion cycle is performed at least in part by controlling injection of fuel into said combustion chamber (201) during an ongoing fuel injection.

27. Forfarande enligt nagot av kraven 18-26, vidare innefattande att vid reglering av insprutning av bransle till namnda forbranningskammare (201) forandra en fOrdelning av branslemangder mellan atminstone tvA bransleinsprutningar.A method according to any one of claims 18-26, further comprising changing a distribution of fuel quantities between at least two fuel injections when regulating fuel injection to said combustion chamber (201).

28. Forfarande enligt nagot av kraven 18-27, varvid namnda reglering pAborjas efter det att en forsta insprutning Atminstone har pAborjats, men innan bransleinsprutning under namnda forsta forbranningscykel har avslutats.A method according to any one of claims 18-27, wherein said control is started after a first injection has at least been started, but before fuel injection during said first combustion cycle has been completed.

29. Forfarande enligt nAgot av foregAende krav, vidare innefattande att utfora en forsta bransleinsprutning till namnda forbranningskammare (201) under namnda forsta del av namnda forsta forbranningscykel, och Atminstone en andra bransleinsprutning under namnda pafoljande del av namnda forbranningscykel, varvid reglerparametrar for namnda andra bransleinsprutning faststalls efter det att namnda forsta bransleinsprutning Atminstone delvis har utforts. 537 308A method according to any preceding claim, further comprising performing a first fuel injection to said combustion chamber (201) during said first portion of said first combustion cycle, and At least a second fuel injection during said subsequent portion of said combustion cycle, wherein said control parameters determined after the said first fuel injection at least has been partially carried out. 537 308

30. Forfarande enligt nagot av foregaende krav, vidare innefattande att: 1. faststalla huruvida temperaturen vid namnda forbranning under namnda forbranningscykel har uppnatt maximal temperatur under namnda forbranningscykel, och 2. avbryta namnda forfarande nar maximal temperatur har uppnatts.A method according to any preceding claim, further comprising: 1. determining whether the temperature of said combustion during said combustion cycle has reached maximum temperature during said combustion cycle, and 2. interrupting said process when maximum temperature has been reached.

31. Forfarande enligt nagot av foregaende krav, vidare innefattande att, nar namnda forsta matt pa resulterande kvaveoxider (NO) estimeras for namnda forbranning: 1. avbryta estimering nar estimering har utforts fram till en punkt dar en maximal temperatur under forbranningen forvantas.A method according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising, when said first mat of the resulting nitrogen oxides (NO) is estimated for said combustion: 1. interrupt estimating when estimation has been performed up to a point where a maximum temperature during combustion is expected.

32. Forfarande enligt nagot av foregaende krav, vidare innefattande att reglera fOrbranning under namnda pafoljande del av namnda forsta forbranningscykel genom reglering av en eller flera vid namnda forbranningskammare (201) verkande ventiler.A method according to any preceding claim, further comprising controlling combustion during said subsequent portion of said first combustion cycle by controlling one or more valves operating at said combustion chamber (201).

33. Forfarande enligt nagot av foregaende krav, varvid namnda reglering utfors for ett flertal pa varandra foljande forbranningscykler.A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said control is performed for a plurality of consecutive combustion cycles.

34. Forfarande enligt nAgot av foregaende krav, varvid namnda fOrsta parametervarde representerande en storhet vid forbranning i namnda forbranningskammare (201) faststalls Atminstone vid vane vevvinkel, vane tiondel av vane vevvinkel eller varje hundradel av vane vevvinkel.A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said first parameter representing a quantity on combustion in said combustion chamber (201) is determined At least at habit crank angle, habit tenth of habit crank angle or every hundredth of habit crank angle.

35. Forfarande enligt nagot av foregaende krav, varvid namnda forsta parametervarde faststalls genom utnyttjande av en eller flera ur gruppen: cylindertryckgivare, knackgivare, tojningsgivare, varvtalsgivare, jonstromsgivare. 46 537 308 36. Forfarande enligt nagot av foregaende krav, varvid namnda forsta matt pa kvaveoxider (NO) resulterande vid forbranning under namnda forsta forbranningscykel utgors av ett matt pa resulterande kvavemonoxid (NO) och/eller kvavedioxid (NO2). 37. Datorprogram innefattande programkod, vilket nar namnda programkod exekveras i en dator astadkommer att namnda dator utfor forfarandet enligt nAgot av patentkrav 1-A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said first parameter is determined by using one or more of the group: cylinder pressure sensor, knock sensor, strain sensor, speed sensor, ion current sensor. 46 537 308 36. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said first mat of nitrogen oxides (NO) resulting from combustion during said first combustion cycle consists of a mat of resulting nitrogen monoxide (NO) and / or nitrogen dioxide (NO2). A computer program comprising program code, which when said program code is executed in a computer causes said computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-

36.36.

37.37.

38. Datorprogramprodukt innefattande ett datorlasbart medium och ett datorprogram enligt patentkrav 37, varvid namnda datorprogram ax innefattat i namnda datorlasbara medium.A computer program product comprising a computer readable medium and a computer program according to claim 37, wherein said computer program is included in said computer readable medium.

39. System for styrning av en forbranningsmotor (101), varvid namnda forbranningsmotor (101) innefattar atminstone en forbranningskammare (201) och organ (202) for tillforsel av bransle till namnda forbranningskammare (201), varvid forbranning i namnda forbranningskammare (201) sker i fOrbranningscykler, varvid forfarandet är lannetecknat av att systemet innefattar: - organ (115) anordnade att under en forsta del av en fOrsta forbranningscykel faststalla ett forsta parametervarde representerande en storhet vid forbranning I namnda forbranningskammare, och baserat pa namnda forsta parametervarde estimera ett forsta matt pa kvaveoxider (NO) resulterande vid forbranning under Atminstone en del av namnda forsta forbranningscykel, och - organ (115) anordnade att baserat pa namnda forsta matt, reglera fOrbranning under en paftiljande del av namnda forsta forbranningscykel.A system for controlling an internal combustion engine (101), said combustion engine (101) comprising at least one combustion chamber (201) and means (202) for supplying fuel to said combustion chamber (201), combustion in said combustion chamber (201). in combustion cycles, the method being characterized in that the system comprises: - means (115) arranged to determine during a first part of a first combustion cycle a first parameter value representing a quantity in combustion in said combustion chamber, and based on said first parameter value estimating a first parameter value. on nitrogen oxides (NO) resulting from combustion during at least a portion of said first combustion cycle, and means (115) arranged to regulate combustion during a subsequent part of said first combustion cycle based on said first mat.

40. System enligt krav 39, kannetecknat av att namnda forbranningsmotor utgors av nagon ur gruppen: fordonsmotor, marinmotor, industrimotor. 47 537 308A system according to claim 39, characterized in that said internal combustion engine consists of one of the group: vehicle engine, marine engine, industrial engine. 47 537 308

41. Fordon (100), kannetecknat av att det innefattar ett system enligt krav 39. 48Vehicle (100), characterized in that it comprises a system according to claim 39. 48