SE511292C2 - Method and apparatus for producing fuel body - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for producing fuel bodyInfo
- Publication number
- SE511292C2 SE511292C2 SE9703830A SE9703830A SE511292C2 SE 511292 C2 SE511292 C2 SE 511292C2 SE 9703830 A SE9703830 A SE 9703830A SE 9703830 A SE9703830 A SE 9703830A SE 511292 C2 SE511292 C2 SE 511292C2
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- components
- mixing
- solid
- zone
- compression
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005028 tinplate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 244000081757 Phalaris arundinacea Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 2
- MIDXCONKKJTLDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dimethylcyclopentane-1,2-dione Chemical compound CC1CC(C)C(=O)C1=O MIDXCONKKJTLDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013736 caramel Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000379 polypropylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/30—Feeding material to presses
- B30B15/302—Feeding material in particulate or plastic state to moulding presses
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/48—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on industrial residues and waste materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Description
10 511 292 2 Syfiet uppnås med ett forfarande och en anordning som forst nämnts ovan och som uppvisar de särdrag som definieras i den kännetecknande delen av bifogade självständiga patentkrav. 10 511 292 2 The sewing is achieved with a method and a device as first mentioned above and which exhibits the characteristics defined in the characterizing part of the appended independent patent claims.
Utforingsformer av uppfinningen framgår av de efierfoljande osjälvständiga patentkraven.Embodiments of the invention will be apparent from the following dependent claims patent claims.
Det är önskvärt att de material som bildar briketten själva åstadkommer bindningen, utan tillsats bindemedel. Vi använder därfor det energiinnehållet höjande komponenten termoplast som bindemedel.It is desirable that the materials which form the briquette themselves effect the bonding, without additive binder. We therefore use the energy content enhancing component thermoplastic as a binder.
För att den volym termoplasten tar i anspråk i briketten skall minimeras och for att dess potential som bindemedel skall utnyttjas bor den smälta vid komprimeringen av briketten.In order for the volume of thermoplastic used in the briquette to be minimized and for that its potential as a binder to be utilized it melts when compressed by the briquette.
De temperaturer som erfordras for att smälta termoplaster, såsom t. ex. polyeten eller polypropen, i en omfattning tillräcklig for att den ska vara verksam som bindemedel, är vanligen i intervallet 200-230°C. Att upphetta komprimeringsornrådet till de temperaturerna är dock inte helt problemfritt. Termoplasten tenderar att klibba fast i komprimeringsorganet, vid kolven eller skruvtransportören. Ett annat problem som uppstår är att träkomponenter borjar kola och riskerar fatta eld. Kolningsprocessen inleds redan vid temperaturer kring l20°C och tilltar sedan med ökande temperatur.The temperatures required to melt thermoplastics, such as e.g. polyethylene or polypropylene, to an extent sufficient for it to act as a binder, is usually in the range 200-230 ° C. To heat the compression device to those temperatures however, is not entirely hassle-free. The thermoplastic tends to stick to the compression means, at the piston or screw conveyor. Another problem that arises is that wood components starts caramel and risks catching fire. The charring process begins already at temperatures around 120 ° C and then increases with increasing temperature.
Vår uppfinning löser även dessa tillkommande problemen.Our invention also solves these additional problems.
Ytterligare särdrag och fordelar framgår av den foljande beskrivningen av en icke begränsande men foredragen utforingsform av uppfinningen.Additional features and advantages will be apparent from the following description of a non limiting but preferred embodiment of the invention.
I den foljande beskrivningen är inforda hänvisningar till bifogad ritning, där fig. 1 schematiskt och delvis bortbruten visar en perspektivvy av en anordning enligt en utforingsform av foreliggande uppfinning.In the following description, references are made to the accompanying drawing, in which fi g. 1 schematically and partially broken away shows a perspective view of a device according to a embodiment of the present invention.
Ifig. 1 visas en anordning for kontinuerlig framställning av bränslekroppar i form av briketter från sonderdelat brännbart material i fast form, enligt en foredragen utforingsform av uppfinningen.Ifig. 1 shows a device for continuous production of fuel bodies in the form of briquettes from solid combustible solid material, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Anordning innefattar en blandningszon for blandning av i bränslekroppen ingående komponenter, en komprimeringszon for sammanbindande komprimering av komponentema samt en utmatningszon for utmatning från komprimeringszonen av den där bildade bränslekroppen. Vidare är ett inlopp anordnat till blandningszonen for tillforsel av de sönderdelade brännbara materialet i fast fonn och att i inloppet är anordnat ett munstycke for utmatning av termoplast i flytande form. cAusemmxaoxxmsavzsßooßfneueraæ Alnnununer: P33471SE00/TK Veßion 1997-1016 511292 Anordningen innefattar mera i detalj minst en frammatningsanordning t. ex. i form en transportört l för frammatning av fastformskomponentema till inmatningszonen 2.Device comprises a mixing zone for mixing components contained in the fuel body components, a compression zone for interconnecting compression of the components and an output zone for output from the compression zone of the one formed there the fuel body. Furthermore, an inlet is provided to the mixing zone for supply of the decomposed combustible material in solid form and that in the inlet a nozzle is arranged for discharge of thermoplastic in surface form. cAusemmxaoxxmsavzsßooßfneueraæ Alnnununer: P33471SE00 / TK Veßion 1997-1016 511292 The device comprises in more detail at least one feed device e.g. in shape a conveyor belt 1 for feeding the solid form components to the feed zone 2.
Transportören kan vara av vilket som helst slag lärnplig för frammatning av fasta material i sönderdelad förrn, t. ex. transportband, skakränna, slutande plan, eller en utmatare vid botten av en behållare. I det visade exemplet är transportören en skmvtransportör 1. Transportören frammatar fastformskomponentema i en rcglerbar mängd per tidsenhet. Önskas noggrann reglering av sammansättningen av ett flertal komponenter i fast form kan med fördel en reglerbar transportör anordnas för frarnrnatning av respektive komponent.The conveyor can be of any kind obligatory for feeding solid materials in decomposed before, e.g. conveyor belt, chute, closing plane, or a dispenser at the bottom of a container. In the example shown, the conveyor is a skmv conveyor 1. The conveyor feeds the solid form components in an adjustable amount per unit time. Wanted carefully regulation of the composition of a number of components in solid form can advantageously be one adjustable conveyor is arranged for removal of the respective component.
Transportören l frammatar de sönderdelade fasta materialet till inmatningszonen.The conveyor 1 feeds the disintegrated solid material to the feed zone.
Inmatningszonen innefattar inloppet 2 till en blandningszon 3. I blandningszonen blandas det tillförda fasta materialet.The feed zone comprises the inlet 2 to a mixing zone 3. In the mixing zone it is mixed added solid material.
I föreliggande utföringsforrn utgör blandningszonen en väsentligen cylinderforrnig kammare 4. I kammaren är anordnad en blandningsskmv 5 för omröming och axiell förflyttning av det till kammarens ena ände genom inloppet tillförda fastformskomponentema.In the present embodiment, the mixing zone is substantially cylindrical chamber 4. A mixing screw 5 is arranged in the chamber for agitation and axial for fl transferring the solid mold components supplied to one end of the chamber through the inlet.
För att förbättra omrömingen och blandningen kan utefter kammarens 4 invändiga väggar vara anordnat ej visade utsprång, vilkas uppgifi är att förhindra att av skruven transporterat material enbart glider utefter kammarens väggar utan att blandas om. Delar av fastforrnskomponenterna, de som befinner sig närmast kammarens 4 vägg, föres av blandningsskruven mot utsprången och tvingas där till ett stopp, bildande omrörning.To improve the agitation and mixing can be along the interior of the chamber 4 walls be arranged projections not shown, the purpose of which is to prevent the screw from slipping transported material only slides along the walls of the chamber without mixing. Parts of the fastening components, those which are closest to the wall 4 of the chamber, are removed the mixing screw against the projections and is forced there to a stop, forming agitation.
Utsprången kan utföras som en ås anordnad i en kontinuerlig skruvlinjeform från karnmarens ena till kammarens andra ände, som ringformiga åsar runt kammaren, som diskontinuerliga omrörande utsprång fördelade utefler kammaren, etc. En förutsättning är dock att utsprångens radiella utsträckning i kammaren ej hindrar skruven 5. Ett exempel på lämplig radiell utsträckning i kammaren 4 av utsprången är 5 - 10 mm. Ett exempel på lämpligt spel mellan utsprâng och skruvens radiellt yttre delar, är 3 - 10 mm.The projections can be made as a ridge arranged in a continuous helical shape from the karnmarens one to the other end of the chamber, as annular ridges around the chamber, as discontinuous stirring protrusions distributed outside the chamber, etc. A prerequisite, however, is that the protrusions radial extent in the chamber does not obstruct the screw 5. An example of a suitable radial extent in the chamber 4 of the projections is 5 - 10 mm. An example of a suitable game between projections and the radially outer parts of the screw, are 3 - 10 mm.
Blandningsskruven 5 är företrädesvis ansluten till lämpligt reglerbart drivorgan, såsom t.ex. en elektrisk motor med vanrtalsreglering.The mixing screw 5 is preferably connected to a suitably adjustable drive means, such as e.g. an electric motor with water control.
Vid karnmarens 4 andra ände ansluter komprimeringszonen. Komprimeringszonen kan sägas innefatta änden av kammaren 4 och en diameterstrypande förlängning av denna.At the other end of the karnmar 4 the compression zone connects. Compression zones can be said to comprise the end of the chamber 4 and a diameter restricting extension thereof.
Den diameterstrypande förlängningen innefattar i föreliggande utföringsform ett komprimeringsmunstycke 6. Komprimeringsmunstycket uppvisar en mot en snävare öppning 7 konvergerande kanal 8. Den konvergerande kanalen kan vara cirkulär eller uppvisa annan tvärsnittsform Den kan vidare uppvisa skiftande tvärsnittsformer vid olika lägen. Öppningen 7 påverkar formen hos den därigenom utmatade briketten, och kan vara cirkulär, oval, Akmumnrer: P33472SEOO/TK Version [997-1016 C:\users\tk\dok\P3347ßEO0Brikenerdoc 511 292 4 rektangulär eller ges annan lämplig eller önskad form. I det visade exemplet är den konvergerande kanalen cirkulär med en jämn dimensionsförändring.The diameter restricting extension in the present embodiment comprises one compression nozzle 6. The compression nozzle has a narrower opening 7 converging channel 8. The converging channel may be circular or have another cross-sectional shape It can also have varying cross-sectional shapes at different positions. The opening 7 affects the shape of the briquette discharged thereby, and may be circular, oval, Akmumnrer: P33472SEOO / TK Version [997-1016 C: \ users \ tk \ dok \ P3347ßEO0Brikenerdoc 511 292 4 rectangular or given another suitable or desired shape. In the example shown, it is converging channel circular with an even dimensional change.
Utvändigt öppningen 7 är anordnat ett eñerforrnningsmunstycke 9, vars invändiga kanals tvärsnittsform nära ansluter till öppningens 7 tvärsnittsforrri, men som sedan divergerar för mötande av den utmatade komprimerade brikettens tendens att expandera något.Outside the opening 7 is arranged a forming nozzle 9, the inside of which channel cross-sectional shape closely connects to the cross-sectional front of the opening 7, but which then diverges to meet the tendency of the discharged compressed briquette to expand slightly.
Vidare är ett munstycke 10 anordnat i inmatningszonen, sträckande sig in i inloppet 2, för utmatning av terrnoplast i smält form. Denna utmatning sker företrädesvis genom ett spridande munstycke, för att åstadkomma fördelning av den smälta plasten bland fastformskomponenterna redan innan de inträder i blandningszonen 3.Furthermore, a nozzle 10 is arranged in the feed zone, extending into the inlet 2, for discharging thermoplastic in molten form. This output preferably takes place through a spreading nozzle, to effect distribution of the molten plastic among the solid components even before they enter the mixing zone 3.
Tillförseln av den smälta terrnoplasten sker företrädesvis kontinuerligt och från en lämplig anordning, t. ex. en strängsprutmaskin, s.k. extruder.The supply of the molten thermoplastic is preferably continuous and from one suitable device, e.g. an extruder, s.k. extruder.
Strängsprutmaskinen kan med fördel laddas med sönderdelad, mald eller granulerad återvunnen terrnoplast. Strängsprutmaskinen kan vara av någon på marknad befintlig standardtyp eller vara en specialtillverkad sådan utgörande en integrerad del med de övriga delarna av anordningen.The extruder can advantageously be loaded with crushed, ground or granulated recycled thermoplastic. The extruder may be from someone on the market standard type or be a specially made one constituting an integral part with the others the parts of the device.
Efierforrnningsmunstycket 9 kan med fördel förses med uppvärrnningsmedel, i stånd att hålla munstycket vid en temperatur av ca 80°C eller inom ett intervall om 80°C, i5°C.The heating nozzle 9 can advantageously be provided with heating means, in condition to keep the nozzle at a temperature of about 80 ° C or within a range of 80 ° C, i5 ° C.
Förfarandet för framställning av sammansatta bränslekroppar i en kontinuerlig process enligt föreliggande utföringsforrn innefattar att sönderdelade fastfonnskomponenter, såsom malda, huggna eller flisade komponenter, av brännbart material tillförs termoplast i smält form, företrädesvis medelst ett spridarmunstycke, innan komponenterna komprimeras till en bränslekropp. Företrädesvis tillsätts den smälta plasten innan en blandning av fastbränslekomponentema sker. Fastbränslekomponentema tillförs i en inmatningszon med bestämt flöde. Termoplast tillförs inmatningszonen medelst spridare i anslutning till inträdet i blandningszonen i smält form och med bestämt flöde.The process for producing composite fuel bodies in a continuous process according to the present embodiment comprises that disassembled solid state components, such as ground, chopped or komponenter iced components, of combustible material, thermoplastic is added to molten form, preferably by means of a spreading nozzle, before the components are compressed to a fuel body. Preferably, the molten plastic is added before mixing the solid fuel components take place. The solid fuel components are supplied in a feed zone with determined flow. Thermoplastic is supplied to the feed zone by means of a spreader in connection with the entry into the mixing zone in molten form and with a fixed fl fate.
Försök har visat att en briketterad blandning av 70 % brännbart trämaterial och 30 % återvunnen plast, i en för plaståtervinning idag representativ fraktion, väl klarar miljökraven vid förbränning i medelstor panna. Allmänt avses här viktsprocent när blandningar diskuteras.Experiments have shown that a briquetted mixture of 70% combustible wood material and 30% recycled plastic, in a fraction representative of plastic recycling today, meets the environmental requirements well when burned in a medium-sized boiler. This generally refers to the percentage by weight when mixtures are discussed.
Normala returplastfraktioner anses innehålla LDPE, HDPE, ABS, PVC, EPDM, polystyren, polypropen och polykarbönat.Normal recycled plastic fractions are considered to contain LDPE, HDPE, ABS, PVC, EPDM, polystyrene, polypropylene and polycarbonate.
I normal returplastfralction understiger vanligen andelen PVC-haltig plast 10 % av fraktionen. För att möta miljökraven bör därför detta beaktas vid framtagning av recept, varvid brikettens totala klorhalt bör understiga 1 %.In normal recycled plastic fraction, the proportion of PVC-containing plastic is usually less than 10% the fraction. In order to meet the environmental requirements, this should therefore be taken into account when preparing recipes, the total chlorine content of the briquette should be less than 1%.
Annumrner; P334725E00/TK Version 1997-1016 C :\users\tk\dok\P334Tßlšwßriketter.doc 511292 ___En tillsats av rörflen i trämaterialet har visat sig ge positiva miljöeffekter vid förbränningen. Rörflen bidrar till att binda bl.a. klor, som bekant finns i PVC. Rörflen kan med fördel ingå i briketten med en viktandel av 0-10 %, föredraget lO %. En högre andel har inte kunnat påvisas ytterligare öka de positiva miljöeffekterna.Annumrner; P334725E00 / TK Version 1997-1016 C: \ users \ tk \ dok \ P334Tßlšwßriketter.doc 511292 ___A addition of the pipe flange to the wood material has been shown to have positive environmental effects the combustion. The tube helps to bind e.g. chlorine, which is known to be found in PVC. The pipe can advantageously included in the briquette with a weight fraction of 0-10%, preferably 10%. A higher proportion have could not be shown to further increase the positive environmental effects.
Ovan har använts begreppet smält plast. Med detta avses ej materialets fasta fas utan dess flytande fas, oavsett viskositet.The term molten plastic has been used above. This does not mean the solid phase of the material but its surface phase, regardless of viscosity.
Andelen plast som ingår i briketten bör ur miljösynpunkt inte överstiga 30 %.From an environmental point of view, the proportion of plastic included in the briquette should not exceed 30%.
I u större andel av den till briketten totalt tillforda plasten som är tillförd i smält form, desto kompaktare blir briketten och därmed ökar dess energiinnehåll ytterligare i förhållande till om en del av plasten tillförts i fast form.In a larger proportion of the total plastic supplied to the briquette which is supplied in molten form, the more compact the briquette becomes and thus its energy content increases further in proportion to if part of the plastic has been added in solid form.
Aklnummcr: P33473E0O/TK Version 1997-10-16 C:\use|s\tk\d0k\P33472SE00>Brik:ner.docAklnummcr: P33473E0O / TK Version 1997-10-16 C: \ use | s \ tk \ d0k \ P33472SE00> Brik: ner.doc
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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SE9703830A SE511292C2 (en) | 1997-10-21 | 1997-10-21 | Method and apparatus for producing fuel body |
PCT/SE1998/001859 WO1999020717A1 (en) | 1997-10-21 | 1998-10-16 | Method and device for manufacturing composite fuel bodies |
AU95637/98A AU9563798A (en) | 1997-10-21 | 1998-10-16 | Method and device for manufacturing composite fuel bodies |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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SE9703830A SE511292C2 (en) | 1997-10-21 | 1997-10-21 | Method and apparatus for producing fuel body |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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SE9703830D0 SE9703830D0 (en) | 1997-10-21 |
SE9703830L SE9703830L (en) | 1999-04-22 |
SE511292C2 true SE511292C2 (en) | 1999-09-06 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
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SE9703830A SE511292C2 (en) | 1997-10-21 | 1997-10-21 | Method and apparatus for producing fuel body |
Country Status (3)
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AU (1) | AU9563798A (en) |
SE (1) | SE511292C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999020717A1 (en) |
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DE102007012112C5 (en) | 2007-03-13 | 2016-08-18 | Loritus Gmbh | Apparatus and method for hydrothermal carbonization of biomass |
EA011336B1 (en) * | 2007-04-02 | 2009-02-27 | Совместное Закрытое Акционерное Общество "Биостаринжиниринг" | Line for manufacture of fuel bricks |
EP2479023A1 (en) | 2009-09-18 | 2012-07-25 | Dehbagher Zargham Niazi | Compacting machine |
EP2711411B1 (en) | 2011-05-19 | 2015-11-04 | Carrera Varela, José Antonio | Process and apparatus for the production of a solid fuel from combustible wastes |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3947255A (en) * | 1973-01-10 | 1976-03-30 | American Can Company | Method of extruding bark and of forming a solid synthetic fuel |
FI791339A (en) * | 1978-04-26 | 1979-10-27 | Ian Fraser Johnston | BRAENSLEPELLETS OCH DERAS FRAMSTAELLNINGSFOERFARANDE |
JP2612774B2 (en) * | 1990-09-10 | 1997-05-21 | 力 松崎 | Waste plastic processing method and processing equipment |
DE4241977A1 (en) * | 1992-09-23 | 1994-06-16 | Alfred Bolz | Method and device for the disposal of waste materials and extrusion or molded part |
FR2702218B1 (en) * | 1993-03-02 | 1995-06-02 | Pierre Delamare | Composite fuel element and method of manufacturing the same. |
DE4311181A1 (en) * | 1993-04-06 | 1994-10-13 | Kuhne Anlagenbau Gmbh | Process and apparatus for producing mouldings from soiled thermoplastic waste for energy recovery |
-
1997
- 1997-10-21 SE SE9703830A patent/SE511292C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-10-16 AU AU95637/98A patent/AU9563798A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-10-16 WO PCT/SE1998/001859 patent/WO1999020717A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1999020717A1 (en) | 1999-04-29 |
AU9563798A (en) | 1999-05-10 |
SE9703830L (en) | 1999-04-22 |
SE9703830D0 (en) | 1997-10-21 |
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