SE2251360A1 - Milling high temperature and high pressure reactor - Google Patents
Milling high temperature and high pressure reactorInfo
- Publication number
- SE2251360A1 SE2251360A1 SE2251360A SE2251360A SE2251360A1 SE 2251360 A1 SE2251360 A1 SE 2251360A1 SE 2251360 A SE2251360 A SE 2251360A SE 2251360 A SE2251360 A SE 2251360A SE 2251360 A1 SE2251360 A1 SE 2251360A1
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- reactor
- torus
- arrangement
- movable
- pressurized
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009919 sequestration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- IPRPPFIAVHPVJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-hydroxyphenyl)acetaldehyde Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(CC=O)C=C1 IPRPPFIAVHPVJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001710 laterite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011504 laterite Substances 0.000 description 2
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000012243 magnesium silicates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004131 Bayer process Methods 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052839 forsterite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010951 particle size reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/18—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside
- B01J19/1812—Tubular reactors
- B01J19/1837—Loop-type reactors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
- B01J3/02—Feed or outlet devices therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J16/00—Chemical processes in general for reacting liquids with non- particulate solids, e.g. sheet material; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J19/087—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/28—Moving reactors, e.g. rotary drums
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
- B01J3/04—Pressure vessels, e.g. autoclaves
- B01J3/044—Pressure vessels, e.g. autoclaves in the form of a loop
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J6/00—Heat treatments such as Calcining; Fusing ; Pyrolysis
- B01J6/001—Calcining
- B01J6/002—Calcining using rotating drums
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
- B02C17/10—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls with one or a few disintegrating members arranged in the container
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/60—Preparation of carbonates or bicarbonates in general
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F5/00—Compounds of magnesium
- C01F5/24—Magnesium carbonates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a milling high temperature and high pressure reactor. In particular the present invention relates to a reactor suitable for carbonization processes. The pressurized reactor arrangement (100) comprises a pressurized torus shaped reactor and a milling arrangement accommodated in the interior of the torus reactor (110; 210; 310; 410) and wherein the milling arrangement comprises at least one movable milling unit (150) which is movable relative the torus reactor (110; 210; 310; 410) and wherein the pressurized reactor arrangement (100) during use is arranged to provide a relative movement between the movable milling unit (150) and the torus reactor (110; 210; 310; 410).
Description
Field of invention The present invention relates to a milling high temperature and high pressure reactor and method. In particular the present invention relates to a reactor and a method suitable for carbonization processes at high temperatures and pressures, as Well as to reactors for such processes.
Background Many industrial processes require high temperatures and high pressures for a reaction to occur at reasonable time scales. Such processes can be found in relation to mining, cement/ concrete production, metal processing such as hydro metallurgy and various other types of refinement. In many cases the Substance to be processed is a slurry of a sand-like material, a carrier liquid and additives. The additives may for example cause an acid environment. Such slurries may be very aggressive to the equipment used for the process due to a combination of mechanical abrasion and chemical attack. This puts high demands to the materials used in for example reactor tanks, tubing and in particular pumps often utilized for the processes. The rapid Wear down of for example the pumps represents a major cost in this type of production.
One area Wherein the above described problem is relevant relates to global Warming and climate change caused by the emission of greenhouse gases. One Way to counteract global Warming that has received groWing interest is to accelerate the naturally occurring carbonization of magnesium silicates such as olivine or other (ultra) mafic minerals. The carbonization of olivine results in the formation of magnesium carbonate and silicon dioxide that both are stable and can be stored eternally Without any release of carbon dioxide (C02). The conversion of olivine to magnesium carbonate and silicon dioxide is a very slow natural process. Therefore, there is a need to increase the reaction rate for industrial implementation of the process. The reaction rate can be increased using various techniques such as particle size reduction and or heat and or increased pressure. Since these techniques typically involve processing an aggressive slurry, carbonization of olivine is one example Wherein improved equipment and/ or methods are sought for in order to provide large scale facilities that could have an impact on the removal of C02 from the atmosphere and store the C02 in eternally stable products.
"Carbon dioxide sequestration by aqueous mineral carbonation of magnesium silicate minerals' by S. J. Gerdemann et al. Journal Volume: 1:, Conference: 2f1d Annual Conference on Carbon Sequestration, Alexandria, VA, May 5-8, 2003, discloses Ways of accelerating carbonation of the magnesium silicate minerals olivine and serpentine.
Summary The object of the present invention is to provide a milling high temperature and high pressure reactor, and in particular a reactor suitable for carbonization of (ultra)maf1c minerals such as olivine. This is achieved by the reactor arrangements as defined in claim 1.
In a first aspect of the invention there is a pressurized reactor arrangement for a combined milling and reaction process. The pressurized reactor arrangement is arranged to provide a process pressure ranging from 20 to 500 bar and a process temperature ranging from 50 to 500° C, and comprises: - a pressurized torus shaped reactor; - a slurry inlet for providing a floW of slurry into the torus reactor; - at least one reactive additive inlet for addition of reactive gasses or fluids to the slurry in the torus reactor; - a slurry outlet providing for a floW of processed slurry out of the torus reactor; and - a milling arrangement accommodated in the interior of the torus reactor and Wherein the milling arrangement comprises at least one movable milling unit Which is movable relative the torus reactor and Wherein the pressurized reactor arrangement during use is arranged to provide a relative movement between the movable milling unit and the torus reactor.
According to one embodiment of the invention the torus reactor is arranged to move relative to a fixed reference system; and the movable milling unit is during use confined to a predetermined average position relative the fixed reference system by an external force acting from the outside of the torus reactor.
According to one embodiment of the invention the external force is gravity acting on the movable milling unit.
According to one embodiment of the invention the external force on the movable milling unit is provided through the Wall of the reactor by a localised magnetic field applied to the outside of the torus reactor.
According to one embodiment of the invention the torus reactor is arranged to during use rotate, and the movable milling unit is moveable within the interior of the torus reactor and confined by the force of gravity. The rotating torus reactor may preferably be vertically upstanding.
According to one embodiment of the invention the torus reactor is arranged to during use have a continuous precessional motion; and the movable milling unit is moveable within the interior of the torus reactor and confined by the force of gravity. The torus reactor may be arranged to have a tilt angle, d, between 5° to 60° and preferably between l5° to 45° from a horizontal reference.
According to one embodiment of the invention the torus reactor is rotationally fixed and the pressurized reactor arrangement further comprises a magnetic field drive arrangement comprising at least one movable magnetic field generator arranged to follow the torus reactor and provide a progressing magnetic field within the interior of torus reactor and to transport the movable milling units around the interior of the torus reactor with the progressing magnetic field. The movable milling unit should be at least partly of a magnetic material and arranged to move with the progressing magnetic field within the interior of the torus reactor.
According to one embodiment of the invention the torus reactor is rotationally fixed, and the pressurized reactor arrangement further comprises a magnetic field drive arrangement comprising a plurality of fixed magnetic field generators distributed around the torus reactor. The fixed magnetic field generators are arranged to provide a progressing magnetic field inside the torus reactor and to transport the movable milling units around the interior of the torus reactor with the progressing magnetic field. The movable milling units should be at least partly of a magnetic material and arranged to move with the propelling magnetic field within the interior of the torus reactor.
According to one embodiment of the invention the milling arrangement comprises a plurality of movable milling units forming a movable milling unit assembly.
According to one embodiment of the invention the movable milling unit or units are spherical. Alternatively, the movable milling unit assembly comprises movable milling units that differ in size, Weight, shape, material or density, or a combination of these.
Thanks to the invention it is possible to provide an industrial implementation of a process that otherwise would take very long time. In particular the pressurized reactor arrangement according to the invention makes it possible to provide a process suitable for large scale industrial conversion of olivine to magnesium carbonate and silicon dioxide. A process that is believed to be crucial for carbon dioxide capture.
One advantage of the invention is that no internal circulation pump is required in the reactor arrangement which significantly lowers the need for replacement and maintenance. Also pumps are sensitive to viscosity range of pumped fluid, which now becomes less critical and the reactor may operate at much higher viscosities which provides for higher feed concentration.
A further advantage is that flow rates in the reactor may be relatively low, which lowers the hydraulic wall erosion.
A yet further advantage relates to the low energy use of the reactor arrangement according to the invention compared to pump drive systems.
In the following, the invention will be described in more detail, by way of example only, with regard to non-limiting embodiments thereof, reference being made to the accompanying drawings.
List of figures Figure la-c are schematic illustrations of embodiments of the pressurized reactor arrangement according to the invention, wherein a) is the torus reactor b) is a torus reactor With a milling unit assembly and b) is a torus reactor With a milling unit assembly of a second type; Figure 2 is a schematic illustrations of one embodiment of the invention; Figure Sa-c are schematic illustrations of one embodiment of the invention; and Figure 4a-c are schematic illustrations of one embodiment of the invention.
Detailed description Terms such as "top", "bottom", upper", loWer", etc are used merely With reference to the geometry of the embodiments of the invention shown in the draWings and are not intended to limit the invention in any manner.
As described in the background there is a need for systems and or reactor arrangements for energy-efficient processes in many different areas. As a non- limiting example carbonization, also referred to as sequestering, of minerals Will be described. Such carbonization processes are relevant for removal of C02 from the atmosphere and store the C02 in eternally stable products and may have olivine (Mg2Si04), serpentine ((Mg,Fe)3Si205(0H)4), Wollastonite (CaSi03), and/ or nickel laterite (Fe,Ni)0(0H)-xH20) as a starting material. Additionally, other minerals or materials can be used such as alkaline residual materials, asbestos materials, etc. The general chemical reaction of carbonization of olivine is: Mg2SiÛ4 + 2 COQ 9 SÅÛQ + 2 MgCO3 (I) Magnesium carbonate (MgC03) is thermodynamically more stable than olivine (MgSi04). However, in nature both magnesium carbonate and olivine occur frequently indicating that reaction (1) above is very slow and not on a timescale relevant for enhanced C02 sequestering. Therefore, in order to industrially implement processes using reaction (1) for C02 storage there is a need for increasing the reaction rate. However, for the C02 storage to be environmentally friendly the increase in reaction rate has to be done in an energy efficient way.
Other processes Wherein the reactor arrangement and method according to the present invention may be utilized include, but are not limited to: -The Bayer process of producing aluminium oxide from bauxite, Wherein temperatures up to 280°C and pressures around 35 bar may be required.
-Pressure oxidation (POX) for extracting for example gold, copper, zinc, molybdenum and uranium from refractory ore bodies. POX processes often require temperatures around 230°C and pressures around 35 bar.
-High Pressure Acid Leach (HPAL) for extracting for example nickel and cobalt from laterite ore bodies. HPAL processes often require temperatures around 250°C and pressures around 50 bar.
In a first aspect of the invention there is provided a pressurized reactor arrangement 100 for a combined milling and reaction process, such as a carbonization process. The pressurized reactor arrangement 100 is schematically illustrated in Figure la and comprises a pressurized reactor formed as a torus, hereinafter referred to as the torus reactor 110. The torus reactor 1 10 is arranged to receive a slurry to be processed through a slurry inlet 120 with an opening into the interior of the torus reactor 110. A plurality of slurry inlets 120 may be provided, for example evenly distributed along the torus reactor 110. The torus reactor is further provided with at least one reactive additive inlet 130 for providing reactive gases or liquids into the torus reactor 110. At least one slurry outlet 140 is provided for transporting the processed slurry out from the torus reactor 110. The torus reactor according to the invention is provided with a milling arrangement accommodated in the interior of the torus reactor 110. The milling arrangement comprises at least one movable milling unit 150 which is movable with regards to the torus reactor 110 and during use the pressurized reactor arrangement 100 is arranged to provide a relative movement between the movable milling unit 150 and the inner walls of the torus reactor 1 10, in the Figure la-b illustrated by the two arrows. The relative movement between the movable milling unit 150 and the torus reactor 110 can be arranged either so that the movable milling unit 150 is essentially confined to a predetermined average position relative a fixed reference system and the torus reactor 110 is moving, for example rotating, or alternatively the movable milling unit 150 being arranged to travel around a fixed torus reactor 110. The movable milling unit 150 being confined to a predetermined average position should be interpreted as the movable milling unit 150 being allowed for some movement during use of the pressurized reactor arrangement 100, however on average ascribed to a specific position or confined to a limited distance of movement in the direction of the torus reactor 110. In other words, "confined" does in this case not rule out some movements or dynamics, especially not in the case of a plurality of moving milling units 150 which typically rearrange and change order among themselves. As will be further discussed below, certain parameters must be regarded in order for the movable milling unit 150 to be confined, such selections of parameters being possible for the skilled person to provide based on the teachings herein.
Alternatively, to the torus reactor 110 exhibiting some kind of motion, the torus reactor 110 is fixed relative the fixed reference system and the movable milling unit 150 is made to progress around the inside of the torus reactor 1 10 through an external force. The milling arrangement may comprise further members fixed to the wall of the torus reactor 110 or alternatively, the inner walls of the torus reactor also function as a milling member interacting with the movable milling unit 150.
The pressurized reactor arrangement 100 according to the invention is arranged to provide a process pressure range from 20 to 500 bar and a process temperature range from the minimum allowed for the tube wall and the milling units, typically around 50° C up to 500° C. For the carbonization process with olivine as a starting material a suitable pressure range is 30-120 bar and a suitable temperature range is 100-200° C and even more preferable a temperature around 180° C. Various implementations of the pressurized reactor arrangement 100 will be further described below.
The inner diameter, d, of the torus reactor 110, the diameter of the actual reactor is preferably 40% or less, more preferably 30% or less and even more preferably 20% or less of the outer diameter, D, of the complete torus ring.
According to one embodiment of the invention, schematically illustrated in Figure 1b, the milling arrangement comprises a plurality of movable milling units 150 forming a movable milling unit assembly 151. The milling arrangement may also comprise members that are fixed to the torus reactor 1 10, similar to What is described above. As apparent for the skilled persons the movable milling units 150 need to be of a highly durable and Wear resistance material. Such materials are known in the art and include but is not limited to metallic materials such as steel, and Stainless steel, and high density ceramics such as tungsten carbide and silicon nitride. According to one embodiment the movable milling units 150 are spherical objects, for example steel balls. Spherical should here be interpreted broadly, including the units to be for example have an ellipsoidal shape or to have some irregularities. In addition, the movable milling units 150, may have a surface texture, for example a dimple surface similar to a golf ball. The movable milling units 150 should have sufficient mass to crush the solids effectively in the dynamic conditions generated in the reactor and preferably have a diameter (largest diameter, if not spheres) that is in the order of 5-55% of the inner diameter of the torus reactor 110. A typical size range for movable milling units 150 in the form of steel balls suitable for a carbonization process of magnesium silicates such as olivine or other (ultra) mafic minerals is 5 to 10cm. In embodiments utilizing a plurality of movable milling units 150 and the torus reactor 110 moving, for example rotating, the movable milling unit assembly 151 is essentially confined relative a fixed reference system as a group or sWarm. Individual movable milling units 150 could, and preferably should, be arranged to move and rearrange among themselves to create an effective milling action. This is exemplified in Figure lb Wherein a clock-Wise rotation of the torus reactor 1 10 is indicated. Individual movable milling units 150 Will follow the rotation to some degree but Will have a falling action so that during use the group of movable milling units 150, the movable milling unit assembly 15 1 Will be on the average confined, Which represents a desired balance of operation for an effective milling behaviour. As appreciated by the skilled person, this balance Will depend on a number of parameters, including but not limited to the number and size of the milling units, the viscosity of the slurry and the speed of rotation or Wobbling. The movable milling unit 150 or the movable milling unit assembly 151 also exert a drag force on the slurry in the torus reactor 1 10. HoWever, given the knowledge of the preferred balance the skilled person can adjust these parameters With a limited number of tests to achieve the desired balance.
Further parameters that could be varied to achieve the desired "effective milling behaviour" are variations of shape and size among the individual movable milling units 150. Also, a variation of density or type of material among the individual movable milling units in the assembly 151 could be advantageous. Figure 1c schematically illustrates a movable milling unit assembly 151 comprising first movable milling units 152 With a first size and shape, in this case spherical, and second movable milling units 153 With a second size and shape, in this case a rectangular shape and a larger size than the first movable milling units 151. According to one embodiment the movable milling unit assembly 151 comprises a few holloW movable milling units 154 provided With a number of openings from the surface to the interior. Such holloW open units may increase the mixing and dissolution.
According embodiments of the invention the torus reactor is arranged to move relative to a fixed reference system; and the movable units are during use kept at the confined position relative the fixed reference system by an external force acting from the outside of the torus reactor. According to one embodiment, schematically illustrated in Figure 2 the pressurized torus reactor arrangement 100 comprises an essentially upstanding torus reactor 210 arranged to rotate and the external force is gravity, indicated by a solid arrow. The upstanding torus reactor 210 may be provided With a radial support structure 260 provided With a central hub 263 and rotationally suspended by a fixed support structure 262 at a central hub 263. The slurry inlet 120, the reactive additive inlet 130 and slurry outlet 140 may be connected to respective channels 264 leading from the torus reactor 210 to, or close to the hub 263. During use the movable milling units 150 are confined to a lower part of the upstanding torus reactor 210, provided the parameters influencing the complex dynamic behaviour in the torus is selected to give the desired balance, as discussed above. The torus reactor 210 may have a deviation of +- 45° from the vertical direction.
According to one embodiment the external force is provided by a localised magnetic field applied to the outside of the torus reactor. In such embodiment the movable milling units 150 or at least a portion of them has to be in a magnetic material, for example a magnetic steel material and the torus reactor 2 10 of a non-magnetic material.
According to one embodiment, schematically illustrated in Figure 3a-d the torus reactor 310 of the pressurized reactor arrangement 100 is arranged to during use have a continuous precessional motion being tilted between 5° to 60° from a horizontal reference, which corresponds to the complementary angle to a precession angle given with a vertical reference. This can also be described as a wobbling motion and is different from the rotational movement of the torus reactor described with reference to Figure 2. The special way of movement of the torus reactor is cyclic tilting without rotation of the reactor tube. The absence of rotation during Wobbling allows relatively easy attachment of feed and discharge lines that can be bundled into and umbilical.
Figure 3a illustrates schematically the tilted torus reactor 410 in a front view, and Figure 3b in a cross-sectional side view, Wherein the precession angle (1 is indicated.
The movable milling units 150 or the movable milling unit assembly 151 is moveable within the interior of the tilted torus reactor 410 and confined to a lower part of the tilted torus reactor 410 by the force of gravity, indicated by an arrow. Figure 3c schematically illustrates the wobbling motion of the torus reactor and the falling and rolling or tumbling motion of the movable milling units 150 Within the interior of the torus reactor 310 during use. This action 11 of the movable milling units 150 provides for a very effective milling and mixing action. The tilted torus reactor 410 may be provided with a radial support structure provided with a central hub 363 and suspended by a fixed support structure 362 at a central hub 363 by a pivoting joint 364, as schematically illustrated in Figure 3d. The slurry inlet, the reactive additive inlet and slurry outlet may be connected to respective channels leading from the torus reactor 310 to, or close to the hub 363 in a similar manner as depicted in Figure 2.
The force acting on the pivoting joint 364 may be substantial. Therefore, in certain applications it may be advantageous to provide a support structure to lower the forces on the pivoting joint 364. According to one embodiment, schematically illustrated in Figure 3d-e the pressurized reactor arrangement 100 is provided With a support table 370 that is arranged to provide support to the lowest part of the torus reactor 310 during use. The circular path of the contact point between the tilted torus and the table will be shorter than the circle path in near horizontal position, while no rotation of the torus will be permitted. According to one embodiment the difference in path length is compensated by allowing the table to rotate. According to another embodiment the wobbling part of the torus is provided with a free rotating ring that contacts a static support table. The support table 370 is preferably movable in a vertical direction and in Figure 3d an upper resting position is illustrated and in Figure 3e a lower operational position. The centrifugal mass forces of the ball bed can be balanced the centrifugal mass forces of the torus system itself. This can be manipulated by adjusting the wobbling point relative to the torus system such as to provide a counterbalance to the forces of the ball bed. Indicated as an illustrative example in Figures 3d-e is a torus drive system comprising a motor 371 which via a rotation plate 372 and Wires 373 provides the precessional movement to the torus reactor 310.
According to one embodiment, schematically illustrated in Figure 4a the torus reactor 410 of the pressurized reactor arrangement 100 is rotationally fixed and essentially horizontal. The pressurized reactor arrangement 100 comprises a magnetic field drive arrangement 440 comprising at least one 12 movable magnetic field generator 401 arranged to rotate around the torus reactor 410 and provide a progressing magnetic field Within the interior of torus reactor 410 Which act on and to transport at least a portion of the movable milling units 150 around the torus reactor 410. The movable milling unit 150 are at least partly of a magnetic material and arranged to move With the rotating magnetic field Within the interior of the torus reactor 410. The movable magnetic field generator 401 may comprise one or more permanent magnets. Alternatively, one or more electromagnets may be utilized. The plurality of magnets, permanent or electromagnets, may be evenly distributed around a cross section of the torus reactor 410 in order to produce a uniform magnetic field. A plurality of magnets may be provided in the circumferential direction of the torus reactor 410 in order to provide magnetic field inside the torus reactor 410 that extends a distance in the circumferential direction. The purpose of such extended magnetic field Would be to simultaneously act on a larger portion of the movable milling units 150.
According to one embodiment, schematically illustrated in Figure 4b the torus reactor 410 of the pressurized reactor arrangement 100 is rotationally fixed and essentially horizontal. The pressurized reactor arrangement 100 comprises a magnetic field drive arrangement 400 comprising a plurality of fixed magnetic field generators 402 distributed around the torus reactor 410. The fixed magnetic field generators 402 arranged to provide a progressing magnetic field inside the torus reactor and the progressing magnetic field arranged to act on and to transport at least a portion of the movable milling units 151 around the torus reactor 410. The fixed magnetic field generators 402 may each comprise one or more electromagnets that are arranged to produce a magnetic pulse. The magnetic pulses produced by the individual fixed magnetic field generators 402 are controlled to be released in sequence creating the progressing magnetic field Within the torus reactor 410. The movable milling units 150 are at least partly of a magnetic material and arranged to move With the rotating magnetic field Within the interior of the torus reactor 410. 13 Since the torus reactor 410 is essentially horizontal and rotationally fixed in this embodiment more freedom exists for the attachment of inlets and outlets than for the embodiments using a moving reactor.
In the embodiments With a rotationally fixed horizontal torus reactor 410 the movable milling units 150 solely provide for the fluidic motion of the slurry Within the torus reactor 410. In these embodiments the movable milling units 150 can be described as providing grinding, mixing and circulation of the slurry.
According to embodiments of the invention the movable milling unit assembly 151 comprises at least one magnetic movable milling unit and a plurality of non-magnetic movable milling units. The magnetic unit Will partly move the non-magnetic units around the torus reactor 410. This may be an advantageous arrangement for creating more interaction among the individual movable milling units 150.
The embodiments of the pressurized reactor arrangement 100 may be arranged to provide a plurality of magnetic field or magnetic pulses simultaneously progressing around the torus reactor 410. T hereby, a corresponding plurality of groups of movable milling units 150 may be formed. In the case utilizing movable magnetic field generators the magnetic field drive arrangement 440 may comprise a plurality of movable magnetic field generators 401 distributed around the torus reactor 410 and arranged to move With a fixed distance between them. Such arrangement is schematically illustrated in Figure 4c.
In embodiments utilizing a moving torus reactor, the rotating torus reactor described With references to Figure 2 and the Wobbling torus reactor described With reference to Figures 3a-d, an essential circular shape is preferred. Non- circular shapes Would most likely be difficult to balance during use. In embodiments utilizing a fixed torus reactor, the torus reactor 410 described With references to Figure 4a-c, also other shapes could be envisaged. Provided that every bend has a radius above a minimum radius, typically depending on the diameter of the torus reactor, the materials used in the torus reactor 14 and movable milling units and rotational speed, the torus reactor may have any close lopped shape, for example but not limited to rectangular and oval. A typical minimum radius is lmeter in curved sections of the torus With a speed of the milling units of the order of 5 m/ s.
The operation of the pressurized reactor arrangement 100 Will be described With the carbonization process using olivine as a starting material as a non- limiting example. A slurry comprising olivine and Water is provided to the slurry inlet 120 for introduction into the torus reactor 110. The slurry may additionally comprise additives as for example oxygen, or other reducing agents, or acids such as oxalic acid, ascorbic acid or similar. The slurry typically comprises an excess of Water in relation to solids, such as e.g. 10-50 Wt%, preferably 30-40 Wt% solids. The particles in the slurry are typically submicron to 1000pm in particle size Due to the milling effects, the torus reactor is unique in handling a feed of coarser particles than can be processed in reactors Without a milling functionality. The pressurized reactor arrangement 100 may be arranged to run a continuous process and the slurry inlet 120 arranged to continuously receive slurry and provide slurry into the torus reactor 110. Alternatively, the pressurized reactor arrangement 100 may be arranged to run a semi-continuous process or a batch process. The torus reactor is arranged to provide a reactor for reaction 1 above, or any other reaction Wherein a mineral or mixture of minerals is carbonized. When slurry floWs through the torus reactor 1 10; 210 it reacts With the C02 that dissolves in the liquid of the slurry, the C02 is provided via the reactive additive inlet 130. In the case that the slurry comprises olivine it Will form magnesium carbonate and silicon dioxide during the reaction, according to reaction 1 above. The mean particle size generally decreases during the reaction due to the crushing action of the milling units, exposing fresh and more reactive surface area, Which significantly speeds up the reaction. The movable milling units 150 Will drag the slurry in a relative motion With regards to the torus reactor 110 Without requiring a traditional pump. The reacted product is removed via the slurry outlet 140, typically a pressure driven process Wherein the reacted product is forced out of the torus reactor 1 10 by the volume of the injected slurry and/ or C02.
The inlet of slurry and gas and the outlet of the reacted product may be coordinated With the passing of the group of movable milling units 151 in then torus reactor 110 during use. According to one embodiment the reactive additive inlet 130 is arranged to provide a sequential gas injection that is coordinated With the passing of the group of movable milling units 151 so that gas is injected in or slightly before the movable milling units 151. Thereby, an efficient mixing and dissolution (and thereby reaction) of the reactive gas may be achieved.
A full scale industrial process installation for olivine sequestration for a single unit With two stacked torus rings, each With a diameter of the order of 5 m based on preliminary design assumptions is estimated to have a processing rate of 10 to 30 ton C02 per hour, With an operational uptime of the order of 75%, resulting in a yearly processing capacity of the order of 60 to 200 kiloton C02 per year per single unit.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Various alternatives, modifications and equivalents may be used. In particular, all embodiments and aspects may be combined With each other.
Claims (13)
1. A pressurized reactor arrangement (100) for a combined milling and reaction process, Wherein the pressurized reactor arrangement (100) is arranged to provide a process pressure ranging from 20 to 500 bar and a process temperature ranging from 50 to 500° C, Wherein the pressurized reactor arrangement (100) comprises: - a pressurized torus shaped reactor (110; 210; 310; 410); - a slurry inlet (120) for providing a floW of slurry into the torus reactor; - at least one reactive additive inlet (130) for addition of reactive gasses or fluids to the slurry in the torus reactor; - a slurry outlet (140) providing for a floW of processed slurry out ofthe torus reactor (110; 210; 310; 410); and - a milling arrangement accommodated in the interior of the torus reactor (110; 210; 310; 410) and Wherein the milling arrangement comprises at least one movable milling unit (150) Which is movable relative the torus reactor (110; 210; 310; 410) and Wherein the pressurized reactor arrangement (100) during use is arranged to provide a relative movement between the movable milling unit (150) and the torus reactor (110; 210; 310; 410).
2. The pressurized reactor arrangement (100) according to claim 1, Wherein - the torus reactor (110; 210; 310) is arranged to move relative to a fixed reference system; and - the movable milling unit (150) is during use confined to a predetermined average position relative the fixed reference system by an external force acting from the outside of the torus reactor (210; sm).. The pressurized reactor arrangement (100) according to claim 2, Wherein the external force is gravity acting on the movable milling unit (150). The pressurized reactor arrangement (100) according to claim 2 Wherein the external force on the movable milling unit (150) is provided through the Wall of the reactor by a localised magnetic field applied to the outside of the torus reactor (210; 310). . The pressurized reactor arrangement (100) according to claim 3, Wherein - the torus reactor (210) is arranged to during use rotate; - the movable milling unit (150) is moveable Within the interior of the torus reactor (210) and confined by the force of gravity. . The pressurized reactor arrangement (100) according to claim 5, Wherein the torus reactor (210) is vertically upstanding. . The pressurized reactor arrangement (100) according to claim 3, Wherein - the torus reactor (310) is arranged to during use have a continuous precessional motion; and - the movable milling unit (150) is moveable Within the interior of the torus reactor (310) and confined by the force of gravity. . The pressurized reactor arrangement (100) according to claim 7, Wherein the torus reactor (310) is arranged to have a precession angle, d, between 5° to 60° and preferably between 15° to 30° from a horizontal reference. . The pressurized reactor arrangement (100) according to claim 2, Wherein- the torus reactor (410) is rotationally fixed, and the pressurized reactor arrangement (100) further comprises: - a magnetic field drive arrangement (440) comprising at least one movable magnetic field generator (401) arranged to follow the torus reactor (410) and provide a progressing magnetic field Within the interior of torus reactor (410) and to transport the movable milling unit (150) around the interior of the torus reactor (410) With the progressing magnetic field; and Wherein - the movable milling unit (150) is at least partly of a magnetic material and arranged to move With the progressing magnetic field Within the interior of the torus reactor (410). The pressurized reactor arrangement (100) according to claim 2, Wherein - the torus reactor (410) is rotationally fixed, and the pressurized reactor arrangement (100) further comprises - a magnetic field drive arrangement comprising a plurality of fixed magnetic field generators (402) distributed around the torus reactor (410), the fixed magnetic field generators arranged to provide a progressing magnetic field inside the torus reactor (410) and to transport the movable milling unit (150) around the interior of the torus reactor (410) With the progressing magnetic field; and Wherein - the movable milling unit (150) at least partly of a magnetic material and arranged to move With the propelling magnetic field Within the interior of the torus reactor (410). The pressurized reactor arrangement (100) according to any of the preceding claims Wherein the milling arrangement comprises a plurality of movable milling units (150) forming a movable milling unit assembly (151).12. The pressurized reactor arrangement (100) according to any of the preceding claims Wherein the movable milling unit (150) is spherical. 5 1
3. The pressurized reactor arrangement (100) according to claim 9 or 10 Wherein the movable milling assembly (151) comprises movable milling units of a first type (152) and at least movable milling units of a second type (152), Wherein the movable milling units of the first type differ from the movable milling units of the second in at least one of, 10 or a combination of: size, Weight, shape, material and density.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE2251360A SE2251360A1 (en) | 2022-11-21 | 2022-11-21 | Milling high temperature and high pressure reactor |
| PCT/SE2023/051175 WO2024112249A1 (en) | 2022-11-21 | 2023-11-21 | Milling high temperature and high pressure reactor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE2251360A SE2251360A1 (en) | 2022-11-21 | 2022-11-21 | Milling high temperature and high pressure reactor |
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| SE546042C2 SE546042C2 (en) | 2024-04-23 |
| SE2251360A1 true SE2251360A1 (en) | 2024-04-23 |
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| SE2251360A SE2251360A1 (en) | 2022-11-21 | 2022-11-21 | Milling high temperature and high pressure reactor |
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| Country | Link |
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| SE (1) | SE2251360A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2024112249A1 (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3478103A (en) * | 1966-12-19 | 1969-11-11 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Preparation of hexamethylene diamine |
| US4206094A (en) * | 1976-06-09 | 1980-06-03 | California Institute Of Technology | Method for producing a biological reagent |
| US20030072690A1 (en) * | 1999-11-12 | 2003-04-17 | Royer Joseph R. | Continuous method and apparatus for separating polymer from a high pressure carbon dioxide fluid stream |
| US20210031163A1 (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2021-02-04 | W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Metal Supported Powder Catalyst Matrix And Processes For Multiphase Chemical Reactions |
| US11466104B1 (en) * | 2022-02-01 | 2022-10-11 | Chevron Phillips Chemical Company Lp | Ethylene polymerization processes and reactor systems for the production of multimodal polymers using combinations of a loop reactor and a fluidized bed reactor |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05293401A (en) * | 1991-09-11 | 1993-11-09 | Noboru Yoshimura | Method for finely grinding powder and grinding apparatus thereof |
| DE19533369C2 (en) * | 1995-09-09 | 1998-06-10 | Hermann Getzmann | Dispersing device and method |
| CN104525321A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-22 | 邓梁 | Mechanical chemical reactor |
-
2022
- 2022-11-21 SE SE2251360A patent/SE2251360A1/en unknown
-
2023
- 2023-11-21 WO PCT/SE2023/051175 patent/WO2024112249A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3478103A (en) * | 1966-12-19 | 1969-11-11 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Preparation of hexamethylene diamine |
| US4206094A (en) * | 1976-06-09 | 1980-06-03 | California Institute Of Technology | Method for producing a biological reagent |
| US20030072690A1 (en) * | 1999-11-12 | 2003-04-17 | Royer Joseph R. | Continuous method and apparatus for separating polymer from a high pressure carbon dioxide fluid stream |
| US20210031163A1 (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2021-02-04 | W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Metal Supported Powder Catalyst Matrix And Processes For Multiphase Chemical Reactions |
| US11466104B1 (en) * | 2022-02-01 | 2022-10-11 | Chevron Phillips Chemical Company Lp | Ethylene polymerization processes and reactor systems for the production of multimodal polymers using combinations of a loop reactor and a fluidized bed reactor |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE546042C2 (en) | 2024-04-23 |
| WO2024112249A1 (en) | 2024-05-30 |
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