SE192297C1

SE192297C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE192297C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1964-01-01

Description

Uppfinnare: If G Ganiere, E T Sherwood och R Schimek FOreliggande uppfinning hanfor sig till ett fOrbattrat elektriskt hatteriladdningsaggregal, med likriktaranordning for att mata likriktad strain till parallellkopplade batterier fran en gemensam vaxelstromskalla och med en till likriktaranordningens utgang kopplad transformator med tva lindningar, lindade pa en gemensam llama och sa kopplade, att den likriktade strommen genom lindningarna astadkommer inhordes motsatt- riktade magnetiska flOden i kOrnan, och strommen fran varje transformatorlindning matas till var sitt av namnda batterier. Ett kopplingsaggregat av detta slag utmarkes enligt uppfinningen av minst tva blockeringsdioder, som aro elektriskt inbordes anslutna medelst andanslutningar .med lika polaritet, varvid varje diods andra andanslutning är kopplad till respektive transformatorlindnings ingangsande. Inventors: If G. Ganiere, ET Sherwood and R. Schimek The present invention relates to an improved electric hatter charging unit, having a rectifier device for supplying rectified strain to parallel connected batteries from a common AC head and having a transformer connected to the rectifier device's output with a transformer. common llama and so connected that the rectified current through the windings causes the opposite magnetic fluxes to be heard in the core, and the current from each transformer winding is fed to each of the said batteries. A coupling assembly of this type is marked according to the invention by at least two blocking diodes, which are electrically embedded connected by means of end terminals with equal polarity, the second end connection of each diode being connected to the input of the respective transformer winding.

Enligt en utforingsform av uppfinningen ãr den ena transformatorlindningens in-gangs ande forbunden med vaxelstromskallans hada andanslutningar genom tva. dioder, och den andra transformatorlindningens ingangsande Or pa liknande salt forbunden med vaxelstrOnaskallans hada andanslutningar genom ytterligare tv.a. dioder, varvid de nu naumda fyra •dioderna Oro anordnade att sOvOl likrikta vaxelstrommen som Oven hindra strom, harrorande fran eller alstrad av batterierna fran att cirkulera genom transformatorlindningarna, vilkas utgangsandar var och en Oro forbundna med respektive batten, °eh en returkrets frail batterierna Or ansluten till vaxelstromskallans hada andanslutningar genom respektive av tv0 ytterligare dioder som tillsarnmans med de fyra fOrstnamnda dioderna astadkomma helvagslikritning av vaxelstrommen. According to one embodiment of the invention, the input spirit of one transformer winding is connected to the two end connections of the alternating current skull by two. diodes, and the input of the second transformer winding Or on similar salt connected to the alternating current of the alternating skull by further tv.a. diodes, the now mentioned four diodes Oro arranging to both rectify the alternating current as above prevent current, vibrating from or generated by the batteries from circulating through the transformer windings, the output spirits of which are each Oro connected to the respective batten, and a return circuit frail battery. connected to the alternating windings of the alternating current skull by two additional diodes, respectively, which together with the four first-mentioned diodes provide full-wave rectification of the alternating current.

Uppfinningen Or med speciellt stor fordel tillamplig pa batteriladdningsaggregat, som kunna anvandas for formering av ett jamnt antal 6- eller 12-voltsbatterier eller for att halla dessa i fulladdat tillstand. The invention is particularly particularly applicable to battery chargers which can be used to form an even number of 6- or 12-volt batteries or to keep them in a fully charged condition.

Ett par som exempel valda utforingsformer av uppfinningen skola nu beskrivas narmare i anslutning till bifogade ritningar. Pa dessa visar fig. 1 den f8rstnamnda av de inledningsvis angivna elektriska kopplingarna, anvand for laddning av ackumulatorbatterier och fig, 2 den andra av namnda hada elektriska kopplingar, anvand pa samma Ott. A couple of exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail in connection with the accompanying drawings. In these, Fig. 1 shows the former of the initially mentioned electrical connections, used for charging accumulator batteries, and Fig. 2 shows the second of the said electrical connections, used on the same Ott.

Enligt fig. 1 Or en vaxelstromskalla 10 ansluten till en helvagslikriktarbrygga 12, som bestar av fyra pa sedvanligt satt kopplade likriktardioder 14. Likriktarbryggans 12 utgang. Or ansluten till en transformator 16 under formedling av ett parallellkopplat, blockerande diodpar 18 och en p0 visst salt kopplad stromstillare 20. DO man Onskar ladda de bada grupperna 22 och 24, som innehalla ett lika stort antal batterier, kopplas batterierna i vardera gruppen i serie med varandra till ledningar 26, 26 resp. 28, 28. I verkligheten kan varje batterigrupp innehalla mellan femton och sjutton 12-voltsbatterier, medan har for enkelhets skull visas endast tre sadana batterier 1 vardera gruppen. According to Fig. 1, an AC head 10 is connected to a full-wave rectifier bridge 12, which consists of four rectifier diodes 14 connected in the usual manner. The output of the rectifier bridge 12. Or connected to a transformer 16 during the transmission of a parallel-connected, blocking diode pair 18 and a certain salt-connected current switch 20. If you wish to charge the two groups 22 and 24, which contain an equal number of batteries, the batteries in each group are connected in series with each other to lines 26, 26 resp. 28, 28. In reality, each battery group may contain between fifteen and seventeen 12-volt batteries, while for simplicity only three such batteries 1 are shown in each group.

DO en stromstallare 30 Or sluten, matas vaxelstrom fran strOmkallan 10 till likriktarbryggan 12 genom ledningar 32 och 34 och helvagslikriktas. Den salunda erhallna pulserande likstrommen ledes fran bryggan 12 till transformatorn 16 genom en. ledning 36, dar den i en punkt 37 uppdelas mellan de pa en gemensam karma 42 lindade transformatorlindningarna 38 och 40. Forhallandet mellan spolarnas 38 och 40 lindningsvarvtal, dvs. lindningsomsattningen, Or 1: 1, och kopplingen Or sadan, att strommen i den ena lindningen har motsatt riktning mot stromMen i den andra lindningen, sasom antydes genom de hada pilarna i fig. 1, sa att spolarna inducera motsattriktade magnetiska floden i karnan 42. Fran transformatorn 16 Dupl. kl. 2126/02 2— — matas den salunda uppdelade strommen till de hada grupperna 22 och 21 av 12-voltsbatterier genorn stromstallaren eller omkopplaren 20 och ledningarna 26, 26 resp. 28, 28. When a current generator 30 is closed, alternating current is supplied from the current source 10 to the rectifier bridge 12 through lines 32 and 34 and is rectified at all times. The pulsed direct current thus obtained is passed from the bridge 12 to the transformer 16 through a. line 36, where it is divided at a point 37 between the transformer windings 38 and 40 wound on a common karma 42. The ratio between the winding speeds of the coils 38 and 40, i.e. the winding conversion, Or 1: 1, and the coupling Or such that the current in one winding has the opposite direction to the current in the other winding, as indicated by the hot arrows in Fig. 1, so that the coils induce opposite magnetic flux in the core 42. From the transformer 16 Dupl. at 2126/02 2— - the current divided current is fed to the hot groups 22 and 21 by 12-volt batteries through the current generator or switch 20 and the lines 26, 26 and 26, respectively. 28, 28.

Transformatorns 16 delnings- eller utjamningsfunktion kan belysas genom foljande exempel: Antag att den ena av de bada parallellkopplade belastningarna 22 och 24 ar stOrre AA den andra till foljd av i den ena gruppens batterier radande speciella forhallanden. Detta kan intraffa exempelvis om batterierna i grupp 22 ha storre sammanlagd inre resistans 5n batterierna i grupp 24. I detta fall skulle grupp 24 strava att dra till sig en hogre strom genom tillhorande transformatorlindning 40. Sa lange son-i strommarna genom hada lindningarna 38 och 40 aro konstant lika och motriktade, dvs. balanserade, foreligger ingen sjalvinduktans transformatorn 16, men da strommen genom lindningen 40 är storre an genom lindningen 38, erhalles ett resulterande magnetiskt flode, som ger transformatorn en motsvarande resulterande sjalvinduktans. Denna sjalvinduktans alstrar en. spanning, som for det forsta motverkar den hogre strommen i lindningen 40 och for (let andra stravar att stegra strommen i lindningen 38. Foljden harav blir saledes att de olika stora strommama i de hada lindningarna aterverka pa varandra pa sadant satt, att de aterstallas till ett Omsesidigt jamviktstillstand, i vilket de saledes utbalansera varandra. The dividing or equalizing function of the transformer 16 can be illustrated by the following example: Assume that one of the two parallel-connected loads 22 and 24 is larger AA the other due to special conditions radiating in the batteries of one group. This can occur, for example, if the batteries in group 22 have greater total internal resistance than the batteries in group 24. In this case, group 24 would struggle to attract a higher current through the associated transformer winding 40. As long as the currents through the had windings 38 and 40 are constantly equal and opposite, i.e. balanced, there is no self-inductance transformer 16, but since the current through the winding 40 is larger than through the winding 38, a resulting magnetic flux is obtained, which gives the transformer a corresponding resultant self-inductance. This shawl window produces one. voltage, which firstly counteracts the higher current in the winding 40 and causes other forces to increase the current in the winding 38. The consequence of this is that the different large currents in the had windings react to each other in such a way that they are restored to a reciprocal state of equilibrium, in which they thus balance each other.

Det blockerande diodparet 18 bestiir av de hada dioderna 44, 46, som aro inkopplade nygg mot rygg» i var sin gren av stromdeJar- eller utjamningstransformatorkretsen, &Isom framgar av fig. 1. Da dioderna dro inkopplade pa detta satt, bloekera de sildan cirkulerande strom, som eventuellt skulk kunna uppsta mellan batterigrupperna 22 och 24. Sadan cirkulerande strom yore skadlig, emedan den skulle strava att matta utjamni,ngstransformatorn 16, vilket skulle nedsatta dennas effektivitet. The blocking pair of diodes 18 consists of the main diodes 44, 46, which are connected to the backs' in each branch of the current or equalizing transformer circuit, & As shown in Fig. 1. When the diodes were connected in this way, the circulating current is blocked. , which could possibly arise between the battery groups 22 and 24. Such circulating current would be harmful, as it would struggle to mat the equalizer, the transformer 16, which would reduce its efficiency.

Om man onskar ladda 6-voltsbatterier, brytes strOmstallaren 20, varefter de batterier, som skola laddas, inkopplas i serie mellan de hada anslutningsledningarna 26, 26. Aptalet samtidigt laddningsbara 6-voltsbatterier ãr givetvis for vardera gruppen dubbelt sä stort som antalet sarlitidigt laddningsbara 12-voltsbatterier, Den ovan beskrivna kopplingen kan effektivt korrigera relativt sma belastningsvariationer. Om obalansen daremot är forhallandevis stor, kan den icke utjamnas av transformatorn 16. Det är darfOr lampligt att for-se laddningsaggregatet med en anordning, som skyddar detta aggregat och batterierna i handelse av en stor belastningsdifferens, som kan uppstã exempelvis genom felaktig anslutning eller koppling av batterigrupperna. Denna skyddsanord,ning kan Tara n.y olika slag, men foretradesvis bestar den, sasom visas fig. 1, av en over transformatorns 16 ena lindning inkopplad relaspole for drivning av ett rela 48 med en normalt bruten kontakt 50. &Isom angivits i det fOregaende, komma strom.andringar i transformatorlindningarna att Over dessa lindningar alstra en spanning, som, om den Sr tillraaligt hog, bringar spolen att sla till naninda rela. 48, sa att detta sluter kontakten 50 och darigenom slider matningsstrom genom ett annat relds 52 drivspole, sa att detta rela sluter en kontakt 56 och ddrigenom tander en signallampa 56. relaet 52 slar till, bryter det dessutom en normalt sluten kontakt 55 och dammed matningskretsen for batteriladdningsaggregatet, sa att detta blir strOmlOst. Lampan 54 tjanar till att varsko personalen, att fel har uppsalt, sO. att detta kan rattas till och laddningen aterupptas, innan de partiellt formerade batterierna hunnit skadas. Kontakten 57 am anordnad i en hallkrets fOr reldet 52 och hailer aggregatet urkopplat, tills det aterinkopplas genom manuell tillslagning av stromstallaren 30. If it is desired to charge 6-volt batteries, the switch 20 is disconnected, after which the batteries to be charged are connected in series between the connected connection lines 26, 26. The number of simultaneously charging 6-volt batteries is of course twice as large for each group as the number of temporarily rechargeable 12 -voltage batteries, The coupling described above can effectively correct relatively small load variations. If, on the other hand, the imbalance is relatively large, it cannot be equalized by the transformer 16. It is therefore appropriate to provide the charging unit with a device which protects this unit and the batteries in the event of a large load difference, which may arise, for example, due to incorrect connection or connection. of the battery packs. This protective device can be of different types, but preferably it consists, as shown in Fig. 1, of a relay coil connected across one of the transformers 16 for driving a relay 48 with a normally broken contact 50. & As stated above, comma current changes in the transformer windings to generate a voltage across these windings which, if it is substantially high, causes the coil to turn to naninda rela. 48, so that it closes the contact 50 and thereby slides supply current through another drive 52 drive coil, so that this relay closes a contact 56 and thereby turns on a signal lamp 56. the relay 52 turns on, it also breaks a normally closed contact 55 and dammed the supply circuit for the battery charger, so that this becomes powerless. The lamp 54 serves to warn the staff, that faults have been set up, sO. that this can be adjusted and the charge resumed, before the partially formed batteries have been damaged. The contact 57 is arranged in a hall circuit for the fire 52 and keeps the unit switched off until it is switched on again by manually switching on the switch 30.

Den andra utforingsformen av uppfinningen skall nu beskrivas i anslutning till fig. 2, dar sadana delar, som aven aterfinnas i den farsta utfaringsformen, aro farsedda med samma hanvisningsbeteckningar som i fig. 1. Skillnaden mellan foreliggande anordning och den i fig, 1 visade am, att likriktarbryggan och blockeringsdioderna ham ha kombinerats pa sadant salt, att fyra av de sex dioderna fylla den dubbla funktionen att dels Iikrikta laddningsstrammen, dels blockera den cirkulerande strommen I utforandet enIigt fig. 2 aro vaxelstromsnatets hada uttagsledare forbundna med ingdngsandarna till transformatorns 16 lindningar 38 och 40 genom grenledningar 56, 58 resp. 60, 62, som arc forbundna med dessa uttagsledare i var sin knutpunkt 64 resp. 66 av bryggkopplingen. Grenledningarna 56 och 58: aro forsedda med var sin diod 68 resp. 70, och grenledningarna 60 och 62 arc forsedda med var sin diod 72 resp. 74. Returledningen 76 fran batterierna ar forbunden med de bada uttagsledarna genom ett par grenledningar 78 resp. 80, forsedda med var sin diod 82 resp. 84. Man firmer har, att strommen till transformatorn 16 i knutpunkterna 64 och 66 uppdelas pa sadant sail, att dioderna 68, 70 och 72, 74 fOra endast halften av den totala strommen och tjana till att saval likrikta rnatningsstrommen som blockera cirkulationsstrommen. Dessa dioder ha hogre genomslagsspanning 1 sparriktningen och erbjuda darfor ett Rat bakstrOmsskydd. Denna kombinerade bryggkoppling bar ()Asa fordelen att vara mera utrymmesbesparande och icke kra.va lang sammansattningstid som den forst beskrivna anordningen. Dioderna 82 och 84 skola fora full belastningsstrom pO. samma salt - -3 som alla fyra dioderna 14 i bryggkopplingen 12 enligt fig. 1. The second embodiment of the invention will now be described in connection with Fig. 2, in which such parts, which are also found in the first embodiment, are provided with the same reference numerals as in Fig. 1. The difference between the present device and the am shown in Fig. 1 , that the rectifier bridge and the blocking diodes have been combined on such a salt, that four of the six diodes fulfill the double function of partly rectifying the charging current and partly blocking the circulating current In the embodiment according to Fig. 2, and 40 through branch lines 56, 58, respectively. 60, 62, as arc connected to these outlet conductors in their respective nodes 64 resp. 66 of the bridge coupling. The branch lines 56 and 58 are aroused by their respective diodes 68 and 68, respectively. 70, and the branch lines 60 and 62 arc are provided with their respective diodes 72 and 72, respectively. 74. The return line 76 from the batteries is connected to the two outlet conductors by a pair of branch lines 78 resp. 80, provided with their respective diodes 82 resp. 84. It is believed that the current to the transformer 16 at the nodes 64 and 66 is divided on such a sail that the diodes 68, 70 and 72, 74 carry only half of the total current and serve to rectify the supply current which blocks the circulating current. These diodes have a higher breakdown voltage in the saving direction and therefore offer a Rat back current protection. This combined bridge coupling had the advantage of being more space-saving and not requiring a long assembly time as the device first described. Diodes 82 and 84 should carry full load current pO. the same salt - -3 as all four diodes 14 in the bridge coupling 12 according to Fig. 1.

I fig. 2 visas icke nagon anordning for signalering av en storre olikhet mellan de bada batterigruppernas stromforbrukning, men det inses, att aven denna utforingsform kan vara f6rsedd med en skyddsanordning liknande den som visas i fig. 1, om sa skulle onskas. Fig. 2 does not show any device for signaling a greater difference between the power consumption of the two battery groups, but it will be appreciated that this embodiment may also be provided with a protection device similar to that shown in Fig. 1, if so desired.

Claims

Patentansprak:Patent claim:

1. Elektriskt batteriladdningsaggregat med likriktaranordning (12) f6r matning av likriktad strom till parallellkopplade batterier (22, 24) fran en gemensam vaxelstrOmskalla (10) och med en till likriktaranordningens (12) utgang kopplad transformator (16) med tva. lindningar (38, 40), lindade pa en gemensam karna (42) och sa kopplade, att den likriktade strommen genom lindningarna (38, 40) astadkommer inb6rdes motsattriktade magnetiska fl6den i karnan (12), och strommen lean vane transformatorlindning (38, 10) matas till var sitt av namnda batterier (22, 21), kanneteeknat av minst tva blockeringsdioder (44, 46, fig. 1; 68, 70, 72, 74, fig. 2), som aro elektriskt inbordes anslutna medelst andanslutningar med lika polaritet, varvid vane diods andra andanslutning an kopplad till respektive transformatorlindnings ingangsande.Electric battery charger with rectifier device (12) for supplying rectified current to parallel-connected batteries (22, 24) from a common AC head (10) and with a transformer (16) connected to the output of the rectifier device (12) with two. windings (38, 40), wound on a common core (42) and so connected that the rectified current through the windings (38, 40) provides mutually opposite magnetic fluxes in the core (12), and the current leans on transformer winding (38, 10). ) are supplied to each of said batteries (22, 21), can be characterized by at least two blocking diodes (44, 46, Fig. 1; 68, 70, 72, 74, Fig. 2), which are electrically inboard connected by means of breathing connections polarity, wherein the second end connection of the vane diode is connected to the input end of the respective transformer winding.

2. Batteriladdningsaggregat enligt patentanspraket 1, kannetecknat av att den ena transformatorlindningens (38) ingangsande ãr forbunden med vaxelstrOmskallans (10) bada andanslutningar genom tva dioder (68, 72), och att den andra transformatorlindningens (40) ingangsande pa liknande satt ãr forbunden med vaxelstromskallans hada andanslutningar genom ytterligare tva dioder (70, 74), varvid de nu namnda fyra dioderna (68, 70, 72, 74) aro anordnade att saval likrikta vaxelstrommen som aven hindra strom, harrorande fran eller alstrad av batterierna (22, 24), fran att cirkulera genom transformatorlindningarna (38, 40), villins utgangsandar var och en aro fOrbundna med respektive batten (22, 24), och en returkrets fran batterierna (22, 21) är ansluten till vaxelstromskallans (10) lada andanslutningar genom respektive av bra ytterligare dioder (82, 84) som tillsamrnans med de fyra forstnamnda dioderna astadkomma helvagslikriktning av vaxelstrommen. AnfOrda publikationer: Patentskrifter frem Tyskland 1 050 867; USA 1 755 258, 2 696 586.Battery charger according to claim 1, characterized in that the input of one transformer winding (38) is connected to both end connections of the AC head (10) by two diodes (68, 72), and that the input of the other transformer winding (40) is similarly connected to the two-diode (70, 74) of the now-mentioned four diodes (68, 70, 72, 74) are arranged to rectify the alternating current which also prevents current, vibrating from or generated by the batteries (22, 24). , from circulating through the transformer windings (38, 40), the output ends of the villi are each connected to the respective batten (22, 24), and a return circuit from the batteries (22, 21) is connected to the charge end connections of the AC head (10) through the respective good additional diodes (82, 84) which together with the four first-mentioned diodes provide full-wave rectification of the alternating current. AnfOrda publications: Patents forward Germany 1,050,867; USA 1,755,258, 2,696,586.