SE186945C1 - - Google Patents

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SE186945C1
SE186945C1 SE186945DA SE186945C1 SE 186945 C1 SE186945 C1 SE 186945C1 SE 186945D A SE186945D A SE 186945DA SE 186945 C1 SE186945 C1 SE 186945C1
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acid
olefin
mixture
phthalic acids
dialkylbenzene
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Swedish (sv)
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Publication of SE186945C1 publication Critical patent/SE186945C1/sv

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Uppfinnare: R B Egbert, R Landau och A Saffer Prioritet begdrd frdn den 10 maj 1954 (USA) Denna uppfinning avser ett forfarande for framstallning av ftalsyror innefattande en storre del tereftalsyra eller en storre del isoftalsyra. Inventors: R B Egbert, R Landau and A Saffer Priority as of May 10, 1954 (USA) This invention relates to a process for the preparation of phthalic acids comprising a major proportion of terephthalic acid or a major proportion of isophthalic acid.

Tereftalsyra är en kommersiellt vardefull mellanprodukt for framstallning av hartser av polyestertyp och aven f8r framsthllning av textilfibrer av polyestertyp, sasom det polymera etylenglykoltereftalatet. Isoftalsyra är Oven en kommersiellt vardefull mellanprodukt for framstallningen av hartser av polyestertyp. Terephthalic acid is a commercially valuable intermediate for the production of polyester-type resins and also for the production of polyester-type textile fibers, such as the polymeric ethylene glycol terephthalate. Isophthalic acid is also a commercially valuable intermediate for the production of polyester type resins.

Det Or ett specient problem att framstalla dessa syror ekonomiskt. It is a special problem to produce these acids economically.

Reaktionerna mellan bensen eller toluen och lagre olefiner i narvaro av surt reagerande alkyleringskatalysatorer, whom aluDniniumklorid, Or kind for att ge blandfringar av de ,olika typerna av substitutionsprodukter och deras isomerer. Under jamviktsforhallanden forekomma de olika modifikationerna i vissa fall i ungefar lika mhngd'er, och svh'- righeter eller hoga kostnader forbundna med deras separering Or en allvarlig nackdel ur industriell synpunkt. The reactions between benzene or toluene and lower olefins in the presence of acid-reacting alkylation catalysts, such as aluminum chloride, to give mixed rings of the various types of substitution products and their isomers. Under equilibrium conditions, the various modifications occur in some cases in approximately equal amounts, and difficulties or high costs associated with their separation are a serious disadvantage from an industrial point of view.

Foreliggande uppfinning avser att losa det ovansthende problemet resp. undvika de ovannamnda nackdelarna. The present invention intends to solve the above problem resp. Avoid the above disadvantages.

Forfarandet enligt uppfinningen Jannetecknas dhrav, att bensen eller toluen alkyleras vid en temperatur av 50 till 110° C med en olefin med 2 till 4 kolatomer i molekylen i ett molforhallande av 1,6 till 2,5 mol olefin per mol bensen eller ett molforhhllande av 0,8 till 1,5 mol olefin per mol toluen och i narvaro av aluminiumklorid antingen i en lag koncentration av exempelvis omkring 0,5 viktprocent, raknat ph den aromatiska reaktionskomponenten, for bildning av en dialkylbensenfraktion innehallande en storre del paraisomer, eller i en h8g koncentralion av exempelvis omkring 2,5 viktprocent aluminiumklorid, raknat ph den aromatiska reaktionskomponenten, for bildning av en dialkylbensenfraktion innehillande en storre del metaisomer, att dialkylbensenfraktionen avskilj es ur den genom alkyleringsreaktionen bildade kolvhteblandningen, att den utvunna dialkylbensenfraktionen oxideras till den motsvarande blandningen av ftalsyror, innehallande en storre del tereftalsyra eller isoftalsyra, och att ensldlda isomera ftalsyror separeras frail blandningen av isoraera ftalsyror. The process according to the invention is characterized in that benzene or toluene is alkylated at a temperature of 50 to 110 ° C with an olefin having 2 to 4 carbon atoms in the molecule in a molar ratio of 1.6 to 2.5 moles of olefin per mole of benzene or a molar ratio of 0.8 to 1.5 moles of olefin per mole of toluene and in the presence of aluminum chloride either in a low concentration of, for example, about 0.5% by weight, the pH of the aromatic reactant is a high concentration of, for example, about 2.5% by weight of aluminum chloride, shaved off the aromatic reactant, to form a dialkylbenzene fraction containing a major proportion of meta-isomer, that the dialkylbenzene fraction formed from the alkylation mixture formed by the alkylation reaction , containing a major proportion of terephthalic acid or isophthalic acid, and that single isomeric phthalic acids are separated from the mixture of isomeric phthalic acids.

Oxidationer med molekylart syre av den utvunna dialkylbensenfraktionen till en blandning av ftalsyror sker lampligen i narvaro av en tungmetallkatalysator. Oxidations with molecular oxygen of the recovered dialkylbenzene fraction to a mixture of phthalic acids suitably take place in the presence of a heavy metal catalyst.

En modifikation av forfarandet enligt uppfinningen kannetecknas dirav, att monoalkylbensenen och trialkyl- och de hogre alkylerade bensenerna i den genom alkyleringen erhallna kolvateblandningen htercirkuleras till alkyleringssteget och att molforhallandet mellan olefin och bensenoidforening regleras sh. att en mol ph sh satt inford alkylgrupp utgor ekvivalenten till en mol olefin. A modification of the process according to the invention can be characterized in that the monoalkylbenzene and the trialkyl and the higher alkylated benzenes in the carbonate mixture obtained by the alkylation are recycled to the alkylation step and that the molar ratio between olefin and benzenoid compound is controlled sh. that one mole of ph sh sat introduced alkyl group constitutes the equivalent of one mole of olefin.

Ortoftalsyra kan avskiljas ur isomerblandningen av ftalsyror genom upphettning sa aft den omvandlas till ftalsyraanhydriden och ,sh. att denna pa samma gang forangas Iran blandningen. Meta- och paradikarbonsyrorna kunna avskilj as genom omvandling till de motsvarande dialkylestrarna genom omsattning med en lagre alkanol under tryck eller I narvaro av en surt reagerande katalysator, och dessa estrar kunna avskiljas genom fraktionerad destination och eventuellt omvandlas tillbaka till de motsvarande syrorna genom hydrolys med utspadd vattenlosning av syra. Orthophthalic acid can be separated from the isomeric mixture of phthalic acids by heating so that it is converted to the phthalic anhydride and, sh. that this at the same time evaporates the Iran mixture. The meta- and paradicarboxylic acids can be separated by conversion to the corresponding dialkyl esters by reaction with a lower alkanol under pressure or in the presence of an acid-reacting catalyst, and these esters can be separated by fractional distillation and optionally converted back to the corresponding acids by hydrolysis with dilution dehydration of acid.

For att underlatta uppfinningens forstaende lamnas foljande speciella 'exempel. In order to facilitate the understanding of the invention, the following special examples are omitted.

Exempel 1. I ett lampligt reaktionskarl med 2— 18694S — en mot fratning bestandig inneryta (exempelvis glas, keramiskt material, korrosionsbestandig metaIl eller legering), utrustat med en oniroringsanordning, .sasom en gasinblasningsanordning eller en mekanisk omroringsanordning, ,och med anordningar for upphettning eller kylning av innehallet i karlet, sasom en slinga eller mantel, en aferflodeskondeirsor, ett gasinloppsror och valfritt ett utlopp for avledning av lagkokande material, chargeras: 9 viktdelar aluminiumklorid, 1700 delar bensen (a. p. eller tiofenfri), 6,8 delar isopropylklorid (eller vattenfritt klorvate). 1930 delar propylen (exempelvis 99 %-ig propylengas) absorberas dari pa en tid av omkring 2,5 timmar under omroring, medan temperaturen Mlles I omradet omkring 65-100° C. Matningshastigheten är omkring 75 liter/tinime vid vantig temperatur •och vantigt tryck. Denna temperatur kan uppratthallas antingen genom ledning av kylvatten genom den indirekta varmevaxlingsanordningen eller genom att blandningen tillates koka och kondensat bringas att aterfloda darifran om temperaturen liar benagenhet att ,stiga Mgt, eller ledning av vattenanga genom dessa anordningar om temperaturen har benagenhet att sjunka for lagt. Example 1. In a suitable reaction vessel having a fringe resistant surface (e.g. glass, ceramic, corrosion resistant metal or alloy), equipped with a non-agitator, such as a gas blower or a mechanical agitator, and with heating devices or cooling the contents of the vessel, such as a loop or jacket, an afer river condenser, a gas inlet pipe and optionally an outlet for diverting low boiling material, are charged: 9 parts by weight of aluminum chloride, 1700 parts of benzene (ap or thiophene free), 6.8 parts of isopropyl chloride (or anhydrous chlorine level). 1930 parts of propylene (for example 99% propylene gas) are absorbed therein over a period of about 2.5 hours with stirring, while the temperature is in the range of about 65-100 ° C. print. This temperature can be maintained either by passing cooling water through the indirect heat exchange device or by allowing the mixture to boil and condensate being brought back from there if the temperature tends to rise Mgt, or by passing water vapor through these devices if the temperature tends to drop.

Reaktionsmassan kyles darefter till rumstemperatur, exempelvis indirekt med hjalp av kylvatten, och halles darefter i omkring 500 delar vatten. Darefter tillsattes omkring 100 delar omkring 18 %-ig vattenlosning av klorvatesyra, och den bildade blandningen omfdres i omkring en kvarts timme. Darefter far blandningen std, varvid tva skikt bildas. Det ovre kolvateskiktet tillvaratages, tvattas med omkring 550 delar omkring 10 %-ig vattenlosning av natriumhydroxid och darefter med omkring 800 delar vatten samt torkas direfter genom azeotropisk avdestillering av vattnet med det vid lagre temperatur kokande kolvatet narvarande. Darefter fraktioneras kolvatet i en effektiv kolonn, varefter foljande analys erhalles (raknat som viktprocent) : Hexan0 Bens en8,0 Kumen11,7 Diisopropylbensen28,2 Triis,opropylbensen50,3, Tetraisopropylbensen1,8 Pa detta satt erhalles en diakylbensenfraktion innehallande 63 viktprocent av paraisomeren, 29,9 % .av metaisomeren och 4,4 % av ortois,omeren. The reaction mass is then cooled to room temperature, for example indirectly with the aid of cooling water, and then poured into about 500 parts of water. Then about 100 parts of about 18% aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid was added, and the resulting mixture was stirred for about a quarter of an hour. The mixture is then allowed to stand, forming two layers. The upper carbonate layer is recovered, washed with about 550 parts of about 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and then with about 800 parts of water and then dried by azeotropic distillation of the water with the lower boiling carbonate present. The carbonate is then fractionated in an efficient column, after which the following analysis is obtained (as a percentage by weight): Hexane O Benzene 8.0 Cumene 11,7 Diisopropylbenzene28.2 Triis, opropylbenzene50.3, Tetraisopropylbenzene1.8 29.9% of the metaisomer and 4.4% of the orthoomer.

Derma dialkylbensenfraktion chargeras i ett reaktionskarl av den ovan angivna typen tillsammans med en liten del av en oxidationskatalysator, sasom ,omkring 1 viktprocent manganhalogenid, och luft eller annat gasformigt .syrematerial inledes, medan blandningen omrores och halles vid en temperatur av omkring 160-250° C. Lamplig,en tillsattes ett reaktionsmedium, exempelvis en lika stor viktmangd attiksyra (100 %-ig). This dialkylbenzene fraction is charged into a reaction vessel of the above type together with a small portion of an oxidation catalyst, such as, about 1% by weight of manganese halide, and air or other gaseous oxygen material is introduced, while the mixture is stirred and kept at a temperature of about 160-250 °. C. For example, a reaction medium was added, for example an equal amount by weight of acetic acid (100%).

Exempelvis chargeras: 125 viktdelar para-diisopropylbensen (98 % para och 2 % meta) 125 delar attiksyra (100 %-ig) 2,0 delar manganbromid (MnBr2) Reaktionskarlet ar fyllt till ,omkring halften med vatskeblandningen. For example: 125 parts by weight of para-diisopropylbenzene (98% para and 2% meta) 125 parts of acetic acid (100%) 2.0 parts of manganese bromide (MnBr 2) The reaction vessel is filled, about half with the liquid mixture.

Luft inmatas i reaktionsblandningen i en mangd av 400 liter (uppmatt vid atmosfarstryck och vid omkring 27° C) per timme, medan reaktionsblandningen Mlles vid 180° C under kraftig omrOring i 4 timmar, och tryekei hMles vid omkring 21-28 kg/cm2. Detta tryck ar sadant att reaktionsblandningen innehaller en flytande fa:s innehallande lagre karbonsyra. Air is fed into the reaction mixture in an amount of 400 liters (measured at atmospheric pressure and at about 27 ° C) per hour, while the reaction mixture is melted at 180 ° C with vigorous stirring for 4 hours, and pressurized at about 21-28 kg / cm 2. This pressure is such that the reaction mixture contains a liquid phase containing lower carbonic acid.

Den raa fasta tereftalsyran i blandningen avskilj es genom filtrering, tvattas tre ganger med omkring 100 %-ig attiksyra, vane tvattning med omkring 100 viktdelar attiksyra per 40 delar fanning, och tvattas darefter tre ganger med vatten med anvandning av ungefar samma mangder. De tvattlosningar, ,som erhallas med attiksyran, destilleras. Aterstoden kan atercirkuleras till realttionskarlet eller behandlas for utvinning av isoftalsyra. The crude solid terephthalic acid in the mixture is separated by filtration, washed three times with about 100% acetic acid, accustomed to washing with about 100 parts by weight of acetic acid per 40 parts of form, and then washed three times with water using approximately the same amounts. The washings obtained with the attic acid are distilled. The residue can be recycled to the reaction vessel or treated to recover isophthalic acid.

Avlopp,sgaserna frau reaktionskarlet led-des genom tva kolsyresmafallor i serie, och den under reaktionen dari samlade vatskan tvittades med omkring tva volymer vatten for avlagsnande av vattenllisliga material och sattes darefter till det ovannamnda filtratet. Filtratet forenades darefter med aterstod,en Iran attiksyratvattvatskorna, och blandningen destillerades. Drainage, the gases from the reaction vessel were passed through two carbon dioxide traps in series, and the liquid collected during the reaction was washed with about two volumes of water to remove waterlogged materials and then added to the above filtrate. The filtrate was then combined with the residue, an Iran attic acid slurry, and the mixture was distilled.

Destillationen forlsattes tills temperaturen uppnadde 139° C vid 1-2 mm Hg-tryck. Destillationen fortsattes darefter upp till en temperatur 'av 250° C vidmm Hg-tryck. The distillation was continued until the temperature reached 139 ° C at 1-2 mm Hg pressure. The distillation was then continued up to a temperature of 250 ° C at Hg pressure.

Den i reaktionskarlet kvarblivande aterstoden var hartsartad och kolhaltig. Destinationsfraktionerna kunna aterforas till reaktionskfirlet, exempelvis i nasta forsok. The residue remaining in the reaction vessel was resinous and carbonaceous. The destination fractions can be returned to the reaction vessel, for example in the next experiment.

Ett utbyte av 52,4 % tereftalsyra erhalles i detta 4 timmars forsok. Filtratet och de flytande aterstod,erna innehalla mellanprodukter, vilka kunna Merforas till oxidationssteget for erhallande av mera tereftalsyra, exempelvis upp till omkring 90 % raknat pd vikten av del ursprungligen chargerade kolvMet. Reaktionen kan genomforas under tryck, lampligen sd alt lagre syra-mediet hMles i en flytande f as, exempelvis 28 kg/cm2.. — —3 Oxidationsreaktionen kan fortsattas tills man uppnar en lamplig omvandling av blandningen till de fasta dikarbonsyrorna, exempelvis 4 timmar. De fasta dikarbonsyrorna separeras genom filtrering och tvattas eventuellt med attiksyra (100 %-ig), och darefter separeras blandningen i sina bestandsdelar. Eventuellt narvarande ftalsyra kan avlagsnas genom upphettning, exempelvis upp till 200° C, for att dehydratisera den och foranga den bildade ftalsyraanhydriden, vilken kan utvinnas genom kondensation av angan. A yield of 52.4% terephthalic acid is obtained in this 4 hour experiment. The filtrate and the liquid residues contain intermediates which can be added to the oxidation step to obtain more terephthalic acid, for example up to about 90% by weight of the portion originally charged to the flask. The reaction can be carried out under pressure, suitably so that the lower acid medium is dissolved in a liquid phase, for example 28 kg / cm 2. The solid dicarboxylic acids are separated by filtration and optionally washed with acetic acid (100%), and then the mixture is separated into its constituents. Any phthalic acid present can be removed by heating, for example up to 200 ° C, to dehydrate it and evaporate the phthalic anhydride formed, which can be recovered by condensation of the anta.

Den Aterstaende blandningen av isoftalsyra och tereftalsyra kan separeras genom omvandling till de motsvarande dimetylestrarna genom omsattning med rnetanol under forhojt tryck eller i narvaro av utspadd vattenlosning av klorvatesyra, och de bildade estrarna kunna darefter separeras genom fraktionerad destillation. The remaining mixture of isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid can be separated by conversion to the corresponding dimethyl esters by reaction with methanol under elevated pressure or in the presence of dilute aqueous hydrochloric acid, and the esters formed can then be separated by fractional distillation.

Efter separeringen arc dimetyltereftalatet och dimentylisoftalatet anvandbra som sadana for omvandling till polyestermaterial genom omsattning med lampliga flervarda alkoholer, thorn etylenglykol, glycerol eller liknande. Om man onskar syran, kan estern hydrolyseras med utspadd vattenlosning av klorvatesyra och den bildade tereftalsyran eller isoftalsyran erhallas. After separation, the dimethyl terephthalate and dimentyl isophthalate are useful as such for conversion to polyester material by reaction with suitable polyhydric alcohols, thorn ethylene glycol, glycerol or the like. If the acid is desired, the ester can be hydrolyzed with dilute aqueous hydrochloric acid and the resulting terephthalic or isophthalic acid obtained.

Exempel 2. Den ovannamnda proceduren foljes med det undantaget, att mangden aluminiumklorid okas omkring fern ganger och mangden isopropylklorid Ras omkring sju ganger. Det bildade kolvateskiktet lamnar vid fraktionering fOljande analys: Hexan 0,3 Bensen 0,7 Kumen 14,4 Diisopropylben.sen 57,7 Triisopropylbensen 26,9 Tetraisopropylbensen 0 Detta skikt innehaller 56 % av metadiisopropylbensenen, tillsammans med 40 % av paraisomeren och 4 % av ortoisomeren. Example 2. The above procedure is followed with the exception that the amount of aluminum chloride is increased about four times and the amount of isopropyl chloride is increased about seven times. The formed carbonate layer leaves on fractionation the following analysis: Hexane 0.3 Benzene 0.7 Cumene 14.4 Diisopropylbenzene 57.7 Triisopropylbenzene 26.9 Tetraisopropylbenzene This layer contains 56% of the methadiisopropylbenzene, together with 40% of the paraisomer and 4% of the ortho isomer.

Vid oxidation sasom beskrivits ovan erhallas de motsvarande dikarbonsyrorna. Upon oxidation as described above, the corresponding dicarboxylic acids are obtained.

Det framgar av det ovanstaende, att man med anvandning av en mycket lag katalysatorkoncentration for erhallande av ett i jamvikt icke befintligt alkyleringssystem kan erhalla en dialkylbensenfraktion innehallande en storre del av paraisomeren, och denna ger en syrablandning innehallande en storre del tereftalsyra. It can be seen from the above that by using a very low catalyst concentration to obtain an equilibrated alkylation system it is possible to obtain a dialkylbenzene fraction containing a major part of the paraisomer, and this gives an acid mixture containing a major proportion of terephthalic acid.

Om man a andra sidan arbetar med mycket stOrre proportioner av katalysatorn under s. k. jarnviktsforhallanden, erhalles en diisopropylbensenfraktion innehallande en storre del av metaisomeren, och vid oxidation lamnar denna en blandning av aryldikarbonsyror innehallande en storre del isof talsyra. On the other hand, if one works with much larger proportions of the catalyst under so-called iron weight ratios, a diisopropylbenzene fraction containing a larger part of the metaisomer is obtained, and upon oxidation it leaves a mixture of aryl dicarboxylic acids containing a larger part of isophthalic acid.

Onskvarda eller med de ovanstaende jam- forbara resultat erhallas med olika modifikationer, sasom foljande: Reaktionstiden kan vara fran 0,1-10 timmar, foretradesvis 0,5-4 timmar. Hogre temperaturer arc vanligen forbundna med kortare tider, och tiden och temperaturen valjas fOr erhallan,de av den Onskade omvandlingen vid •de Onskade gen.omgangshastigheterna. Ytterligare aluminiumklorid som katalysator kan tillsattas efter behov (exempelvis bestamt genom en soul prov utford alkyleringsreaktion med .anyandning som katalysator ,av ett prey .av slam-met som atercirkuleras for katalytisk aktivitet). Den forbrukade katalysatorn behandlas med vatten innehallande 15-30 % klorvatesyra fOr att bryta katalysatorkomplexen, och den resulterande kolvatefasen avsldljes och anvandes pa nytt i systemet. Undesirable or with the above comparable results are obtained with various modifications, as follows: The reaction time may be from 0.1-10 hours, preferably 0.5-4 hours. Higher temperatures are usually associated with shorter times, and the time and temperature are chosen to obtain the desired conversion at the desired throughput speeds. Additional aluminum chloride as a catalyst may be added as needed (for example determined by a soul sample to challenge alkylation reaction with use as catalyst, of a prey of the sludge which is recycled for catalytic activity). The spent catalyst is treated with water containing 15-30% of hydrochloric acid to break up the catalyst complexes, and the resulting hydrocarbon phase is precipitated and reused in the system.

Lattillgangliga olefinmaterial kunna anyandas, fOretradesvis fria frau andra omattade material. Reaktionssystemet kan forses med utlopp for avledning av vid la.gre temperatur kokande kolvaten, vilka icke reagera inom systemet. Vilken sour heist monoalkylbensen eller tri- eller hogre alkylbensen, som avskiljes fran kolvateproduktskiktet, kan aterforas till .alkyleringssteget. Bensen- eller toluenrea-. gensen bora vara fria frail andra aromatiska foreningar, men de kunna innehalla nagra paraffiner, vilka kunna avskiljas ur systemet. Lampligen ha de lag svavelhalt och Oro foretradesvis svavelfria. Easily available olefin materials can be anyandas, preferably free from other unsaturated materials. The reaction system may be provided with outlets for diverting low boiling hydrocarbons which do not react within the system. Any acidic monoalkylbenzene or tri- or higher alkylbenzene separated from the hydrocarbon product layer can be returned to the alkylation step. Benzene or toluene rea-. gensen bora be free frail other aromatic compounds, but they may contain some paraffins, which may be separated from the system. Lamply, they have low sulfur content and Oro preferably sulfur-free.

Vid reaktionen med bensen anvandes frail 1,6 till 2,mol av olefinreagensen, lampligen 1,8-2,0 .och fOretradesvis omkring 1,9 mol. Vid reaktionen med toluen anvandes 0,8 till 1,5 mol av olefinreagenset, lampligen 0,9 till omkring 1,2 och foretradesvis omkring 1,1. In the reaction with benzene, 1.6 to 2 moles of the olefin reagent are used, preferably 1.8-2.0 moles, and preferably about 1.9 moles. In the reaction with toluene, 0.8 to 1.5 moles of the olefin reagent were used, suitably 0.9 to about 1.2, and preferably about 1.1.

Det i oxidationsreaktionen anvanda katalytiska materialet kan vara en tungmetallforening exempelvis en forening av nagon av foljande metaller: bly, mangan, jam, nickel, kobolt, krom, vanadin, koppar, kvicksilver. Blandningar darav kunna anvandas och foreningarna kunna foreligga i form av oxiden, hydroxiden, halogeniden eller organiska salter av metallerna eller kom:binationer av des-, sa. De organiska salterna kunna vara salter av en eller flera av de i reaktionssystemet bildade syrorna eller av karbonsyror, sasom attiksyra och de andra lagre fettsyrorna, naftensyror och liknande. Dessa kunna beredas pa kant Oxidationen kan genomforas i narvaro av ett medium for kolvatet, vilket medium Or relativt indifferent gentemot oxidationen I systemet, sasom. bensen .eller liknande, eller halogenerad aromatisk vatska eller en lag-re alifatisk syra eller en lagre aralifatisk syra, sasom attiksyra, propionsyra, smorsyra, valeriansyra, isosmorsyra, fenylattiksyra, beta-etoxiattiksyra och liknande. Losningen kan innehalla fran omkring 10 till 90 % av me-diet, foretradesvis 12-40 %. Dessutom kan — — den innehalla en organisk peroxid eller ett material, vilket latt bildar en sadan peroxid I narvara av gasformigt syre, sasom bensoylperoxid, perbensoesyra, perattiksyra, acetaldehyd och liknande aldehyder med 3-5 kolatomer i molekylen, aceton och liknande ketoner innehallande 4-6 kolatomer i molekylen, di-etyleter och liknande etrar innehallande 5-10 kolatomer i molekylen, hexan, cyklisk hexan och liknande olefiner innehallande 7-12 kolatother i molekylen och liknande, eller oorganiska peroxider. Dessa kunna foreligga i en koncentration av omkring 0,05 till omkring 25 % raknat p. vikten av det kolvate som underkastas oxidering. The catalytic material used in the oxidation reaction may be a heavy metal compound, for example a compound of any of the following metals: lead, manganese, jam, nickel, cobalt, chromium, vanadium, copper, mercury. Mixtures thereof may be used and the compounds may be in the form of the oxide, hydroxide, halide or organic salts of the metals or combinations thereof. The organic salts may be salts of one or more of the acids formed in the reaction system or of carboxylic acids, such as acetic acid and the other lower fatty acids, naphthenic acids and the like. These can be prepared on the edge The oxidation can be carried out in the presence of a medium for the carbonate, which medium is relatively indifferent to the oxidation in the system, such as. benzene, or the like, or halogenated aromatic liquid or a lower aliphatic acid or a lower araliphatic acid, such as acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, isosmorphic acid, phenyl acetic acid, beta-ethoxyacetic acid and the like. The solution may contain from about 10 to 90% of the medium, preferably 12-40%. In addition - it may contain an organic peroxide or a material which easily forms such a peroxide in the presence of gaseous oxygen, such as benzoyl peroxide, perbenzoic acid, peracetic acid, acetaldehyde and similar aldehydes having 3-5 carbon atoms in the molecule, acetone and similar ketones containing 4 -6 carbon atoms in the molecule, diethyl ether and similar ethers containing 5-10 carbon atoms in the molecule, hexane, cyclic hexane and similar olefins containing 7-12 carbon atoms in the molecule and the like, or inorganic peroxides. These may be present in a concentration of about 0.05 to about 25% shaved by the weight of the carbonate subjected to oxidation.

De anvanda lagre olefinerna innehalla fran 2-7-4 kolatomer, men den totala mangden al- kylkolatomer i dialkylforeningen bar vara fran 3 till omkring 8, foretradesvis med en ovre grans av 6, och de born icke innehalla nagra teritiara butylgrupper. I fallet dietylbensener ger framstallning med aluminiumkloridkatalysatorn en ungefar lika fordelning av de bre isomererna. The lower olefins used contain from 2-7-4 carbon atoms, but the total amount of alkyl carbon atoms in the dialkyl compound should be from 3 to about 8, preferably with an upper limit of 6, and the children do not contain any tertiary butyl groups. In the case of diethylbenzenes, preparation with the aluminum chloride catalyst gives an approximately equal distribution of the broad isomers.

Den Mr forestringen anvanda lagre alkoholen kan innehalla 1-4 kolatomer och metanol foredra.ges. The Mr esterification using lower alcohol may contain 1-4 carbon atoms and methanol is preferred.

Filtratet av den Iran oxidationen erhallna reaktionsblandningen kan atercirkuleras till oxidations steget for erhMtande av h8gre ut- byten av syrar baserat p. dialkylbensen chargerad eller forbrukad. Eventuellt kan filtra- tet behandlas for utvinning av alla dikarbonsyror dan och for aviagsnande av vatten lore atercirkulering. The filtrate of the reaction mixture obtained from the oxidation reaction can be recycled to the oxidation step to obtain higher yields of acids based on dialkylbenzene charged or consumed. Optionally, the filtrate can be treated for the extraction of all dicarboxylic acids and for the removal of water from recirculation.

Dot ãr mycket overraskande, att proeessen enligt uppfinningen kan genomforas pa ett sá enkelt .satt med hOga omvandlingar under eihallande av ett vasentligen teoretiskt utbyte av den onskade produkten. Detta gal- ler .specielit nar man lager hansyn till de invecklade och dyrbara metoder, som tidigare anvants fiir framstallning av tereftalsyra eller is oftalsyra. It is very surprising that the process according to the invention can be carried out in such a simple manner with high conversions while maintaining a substantially theoretical yield of the desired product. This is especially true when considering the complex and expensive methods previously used for the production of terephthalic acid or ice ophthalic acid.

Det Or tydligt att variationer och modifikationer kunna goras i del ovan beskrivna forfarandet utan att man gar utanfor Tamen for uppfinningen. It is clear that variations and modifications may be made in the process described above without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (3)

Patentansprak:Patent claim: 1. Forfarande for framstallning av ftalsyror innefattande en storre del tereftalsyra eller en storre del isoftalsyra, kannetecknat darav, att bensen eller boluen alkyleras vid en temperatur av 50 till 110° C med en olefin med 2 till 4 kolatomer i molekylen i ett molfOrhallande av 1,6 till 2,5 mol olefin per mol bensen eller ,ett molfOrhallande av 0,8 till 1,5 mol olefin per mol toluen och i narvaro av aluminiumklorid antingen i en lag koncentration a-v•exempelvis omkring 0,5 viktprocent, raknat pa den aromatiska reaktionskomponenten, for Mining av en dialkylbensenfraktion innehallande en storm del paraisomer, eller i en hog koncentration av exempelvis omkring 2,5 viktprocent aluminiumklo- raknat pa den aromatiska reaktionskomponenten, fOr bildning av en dialkylbensenfraktion innehallande en storre del meta-isomer, att dialkylbensenfraktionen avskiljes ur den genom alkyleringsreaktionen bildade kolvateblandningen, att den utvunna dialkylbensenfraktionen oxideras till den motsvarande blandningen av ftalsyror, innehillande en stone del tereftalsyra eller isoftalsyra, och att enskilda isomera ftalsyror separeras Iran blandningen av isomera ftalsyror.A process for the preparation of phthalic acids comprising a major portion of terephthalic acid or a major portion of isophthalic acid, characterized in that benzene or boluene is alkylated at a temperature of 50 to 110 ° C with an olefin having 2 to 4 carbon atoms in the molecule in a molar ratio of 1 , 6 to 2.5 moles of olefin per mole of benzene or, a molar ratio of 0.8 to 1.5 moles of olefin per mole of toluene and in the presence of aluminum chloride either in a low concentration of, for example, about 0.5% by weight, aromatic reactant, for Mining a dialkylbenzene fraction containing a major portion of paraisomers, or in a high concentration of, for example, about 2.5% by weight of aluminum chloroated on the aromatic reactant, to form a dialkylbenzene fraction containing a major portion of the meta-isomer, from the carbonate mixture formed by the alkylation reaction, that the recovered dialkylbenzene fraction is oxidized to the corresponding the formation of phthalic acids, containing a stone portion of terephthalic acid or isophthalic acid, and that individual isomeric phthalic acids are separated from the Iran mixture of isomeric phthalic acids. 2. Modifikation av forfarandet enligt patentanspraket 1, kannetecknad darav, att monoalkylbensenen och trialkyl- ,och de hogre alkylerade bensenerna i den genom alkyleringen erhallna kolvateblandningen atercirkuleras till alkyleringssteget och aft molfOrhallandet mellan olefin och bensenoidforening regleras sa att en mol pa sa salt inford alkylgrupp utgor ekvivalenten till en mol olefin.Modification of the process according to claim 1, characterized in that the monoalkylbenzene and trialkyl, and the higher alkylated benzenes in the alkylate mixture obtained by the alkylation are recycled to the alkylation step and the molar ratio of olefin to benzenoid compound is regulated so that one alkyl of salt the equivalent of one mole of olefin. 3. Forfarande .enligt patentanspraket 1 eller 2, kannetecknat darav, att ortoftalsyra avskilj es .och utvinnes ur isomerblandningen av ftalsyror i form av sin anhydrid. Anforda publikationer:3. A process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that orthophthalic acid is separated and recovered from the isomeric mixture of phthalic acids in the form of its anhydride. Request publications:
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