RU2665334C1 - Crude mixture for making expanded clay - Google Patents

Crude mixture for making expanded clay Download PDF

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RU2665334C1
RU2665334C1 RU2017130104A RU2017130104A RU2665334C1 RU 2665334 C1 RU2665334 C1 RU 2665334C1 RU 2017130104 A RU2017130104 A RU 2017130104A RU 2017130104 A RU2017130104 A RU 2017130104A RU 2665334 C1 RU2665334 C1 RU 2665334C1
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waste
production
expanded clay
clay
mass
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RU2017130104A
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Russian (ru)
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Никита Евгеньевич Торопков
Виктор Александрович Кутугин
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Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский Томский политехнический университет"
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
    • C04B14/10—Clay
    • C04B14/12—Expanded clay
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/02—Treatment
    • C04B20/04—Heat treatment
    • C04B20/06—Expanding clay, perlite, vermiculite or like granular materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/04—Clay; Kaolin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
    • C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
    • C04B38/063—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B38/0635—Compounding ingredients
    • C04B38/064—Natural expanding materials, e.g. clay
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the production of porous aggregates of argillous raw material for lightweight concrete. Raw material for the production of light expanded clay aggregate contains, mass. %: brick clay of 80–85, iron-containing waste from groundwater deironing stations, which are a gel-like sol containing, mass. %: FeO65–82; SiO2–4; CaO 2–5; MgO 2–5; AlO1–3; LOI 9–20, 10 – 18, the waste of the total runoff of monomer production, which is a saponified aqueous solution of sodium salts, containing, mass. %: NaCO36–58; NaOH 2–5; NaCl 1–3; NaSO0.2–3; NaS 0.1–1; HO 32–55.7; organic impurities 5–12, 2 – 5.EFFECT: increase strength and frost resistance of the resulting granules of light expanded clay aggregate.1 cl, 2 tbl

Description

Изобретение относится к производству пористых заполнителей из глинистого сырья для легкого бетона.The invention relates to the production of porous aggregates from clay raw materials for lightweight concrete.

Известна, принятая за прототип, сырьевая смесь для изготовления керамзита [RU 2548418 С1, МПК С04В14/00 (2006.01), С04В 33/00 (2006.01), опубл. 20.04.2015], содержащая, мас. %:Known adopted for the prototype, the raw material mixture for the manufacture of expanded clay [RU 2548418 C1, IPC С04В14 / 00 (2006.01), С04В 33/00 (2006.01), publ. 04/20/2015], containing, by weight. %:

кирпичная глинаbrick clay 70,5-76,070.5-76.0 водаwater 22,0-26,022.0-26.0 торфяная крошка фракции 2-3 ммpeat crumb fraction 2-3 mm 1,0-3,01.0-3.0 соляровое маслоsolar oil 0,5-1,00.5-1.0

Недостатком керамзита, полученного из сырьевой смеси является низкая прочность полученных гранул, отсутствие возможности получить фракцию 0-10 мм и низкая морозостойкость керамзитаThe disadvantage of expanded clay obtained from the raw mix is the low strength of the obtained granules, the inability to obtain a fraction of 0-10 mm and low frost resistance of expanded clay

Предложенная сырьевая смесь для изготовления керамзита также как в прототипе содержит кирпичную глину.The proposed raw material mixture for the manufacture of expanded clay as well as in the prototype contains brick clay.

В отличие от прототипа смесь дополнительно содержит железосодержащие отходы станций обезжелезивания подземных вод, отход общего стока производства мономеров при следующем соотношении компонентов, мас.%:Unlike the prototype, the mixture additionally contains iron-containing waste from deferrization stations of underground waters, a waste of the total runoff of the production of monomers in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

кирпичная глинаbrick clay 80-8580-85 железосодержащие отходы станцийiron waste stations обезжелезивания подземных водgroundwater deferrization 10-1810-18 отход общего стока производства мономеровmonomer production runoff 2-52-5

Для изготовления керамзита могут быть использованы кирпичные глины, содержащие, мас.%: SiO2 55-69; Al2O3 15-20; Fe2O3 3-12; СаО 2-3,5; MgO 2-3,5; K2O+Na2O 2-4,5; п.п.п. 6-11.For the manufacture of expanded clay can be used brick clay containing, wt.%: SiO 2 55-69; Al 2 O 3 15-20; Fe 2 O 3 3-12; CaO 2-3.5; MgO 2-3.5; K 2 O + Na 2 O 2-4.5; p.p.p. 6-11.

Железосодержащие отходы станций обезжелезивания подземных вод представляют из себя гелеобразный золь, содержащую, мас.%: Fe2O3 65-82; SiO2 2-4; СаО 2-5; MgO 2-5; Al2O3 1-3; п.п.п. 9-20.Iron-containing waste from groundwater deironing stations are a gel-like sol containing, wt.%: Fe 2 O 3 65-82; SiO 2 2-4; CaO 2-5; MgO 2-5; Al 2 O 3 1-3; p.p.p. 9-20.

Отходы общего стока производства мономеров представляют собой омыленный водный раствор натриевых солей, содержащий, мас.%: Na2CO3 36-58; NaOH 2-5; NaCl 1-3; Na2SO4 0,2-3; Na2S 0,1-1; H2O 32-55,7; органические примеси 5-12.Wastes from the total runoff of monomer production are a saponified aqueous solution of sodium salts, containing, wt.%: Na 2 CO 3 36-58; NaOH 2-5; NaCl 1-3; Na 2 SO 4 0.2-3; Na 2 S 0.1-1; H 2 O 32-55.7; organic impurities 5-12.

Технический результат предложенного изобретения заключается в повышении прочности и морозостойкости полученных гранул керамзита. Эта сырьевая смесь позволяет утилизировать железосодержащие отходы станций обезжелезивания подземных вод и отходы общего стока производства мономеров (капролактам, пропен, изопентан, акрилаты и т.д.).The technical result of the proposed invention is to increase the strength and frost resistance of the obtained granules of expanded clay. This raw mix allows you to utilize the iron-containing wastes from groundwater deironing stations and the waste from the general runoff of monomer production (caprolactam, propene, isopentane, acrylates, etc.).

В таблице 1 приведены составы сырьевой смеси для изготовления керамзита.Table 1 shows the composition of the raw mix for the manufacture of expanded clay.

В таблице 2 представлены физико-химические свойства полученного керамзита.Table 2 presents the physicochemical properties of the resulting expanded clay.

Железосодержащие отходы станции обезжелезивания подземных вод вводили в кирпичную глину на стадии переработки глины в валковой дырчатой дробилке. Полученная глино-масса поступала в двухвальный шнековый экструдер, где распылением в питатель вводили отходы общего стока производства мономеров. Полученная смесь поступала в шнековый экструдер, на выходе из которого были получены гранулы размером 10-15 мм с влажностью 21-25%. Далее гранулы поступали в барабанную печь на сушку и обжиг при температуре 900-1100°С.The iron-containing wastes of the underground water deferrization station were introduced into brick clay at the stage of clay processing in a roll hole crusher. The resulting clay mass was fed to a twin-shaft screw extruder, where waste from the total runoff of monomer production was introduced by spraying into the feeder. The resulting mixture was fed into a screw extruder, at the exit of which granules 10-15 mm in size with a moisture content of 21-25% were obtained. Next, the granules entered the drum furnace for drying and calcination at a temperature of 900-1100 ° C.

Figure 00000001
Figure 00000001

Figure 00000002
Figure 00000002

Claims (2)

Сырьевая смесь для изготовления керамзита, содержащая кирпичную глину, отличающаяся тем, что дополнительно содержит железосодержащие отходы станций обезжелезивания подземных вод, представляющие из себя гелеобразный золь, содержащий, мас.%: Fe2O3 65-82; SiO2 2-4; CaO 2-5; MgO 2-5; Al2O3 1-3; п.п.п. 9-20, отход общего стока производства мономеров, представляющий из себя омыленный водный раствор натриевых солей, содержащий, мас.%: Na2CO3 36-58; NaOH 2-5; NaCl 1-3; Na2SO4 0,2-3; Na2S 0,1-1; H2O 32-55,7; органические примеси 5-12, при следующем соотношении компонентов, мас.%:The raw material mixture for the manufacture of expanded clay containing brick clay, characterized in that it further comprises iron-containing waste from the deferrization of underground water, which is a gel-like sol containing, wt.%: Fe 2 O 3 65-82; SiO 2 2-4; CaO 2-5; MgO 2-5; Al 2 O 3 1-3; p.p.p. 9-20, the waste of the total runoff of the production of monomers, which is a saponified aqueous solution of sodium salts, containing, wt.%: Na 2 CO 3 36-58; NaOH 2-5; NaCl 1-3; Na 2 SO 4 0.2-3; Na 2 S 0.1-1; H 2 O 32-55.7; organic impurities 5-12, in the following ratio of components, wt.%: кирпичная глинаbrick clay 80-8580-85 железосодержащие отходы станцийiron waste stations обезжелезивания подземных водgroundwater deferrization 10-1810-18 отход общего стока производства мономеровmonomer production runoff 2-52-5
RU2017130104A 2017-08-24 2017-08-24 Crude mixture for making expanded clay RU2665334C1 (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU607821A1 (en) * 1976-12-25 1978-05-25 Минский научно-исследовательский институт строительных материалов Method of manufacturing ceramic articles
SU1661161A1 (en) * 1989-04-20 1991-07-07 Ташкентский Политехнический Институт Им.А.Р.Бируни Raw mixture for producing light filler
KR20060118615A (en) * 2004-02-25 2006-11-23 가부시키가이샤 제이텍트 Coloring agent for ceramic products and colored clay using the same
RU2341487C2 (en) * 2007-01-25 2008-12-20 Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина Raw mix for ceramsite production
RU2371417C2 (en) * 2007-10-10 2009-10-27 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Тульский государственный университет (ТулГУ) Ceramic mixture
RU2548418C1 (en) * 2014-04-08 2015-04-20 Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина Raw mix for brick manufacture

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU607821A1 (en) * 1976-12-25 1978-05-25 Минский научно-исследовательский институт строительных материалов Method of manufacturing ceramic articles
SU1661161A1 (en) * 1989-04-20 1991-07-07 Ташкентский Политехнический Институт Им.А.Р.Бируни Raw mixture for producing light filler
KR20060118615A (en) * 2004-02-25 2006-11-23 가부시키가이샤 제이텍트 Coloring agent for ceramic products and colored clay using the same
RU2341487C2 (en) * 2007-01-25 2008-12-20 Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина Raw mix for ceramsite production
RU2371417C2 (en) * 2007-10-10 2009-10-27 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Тульский государственный университет (ТулГУ) Ceramic mixture
RU2548418C1 (en) * 2014-04-08 2015-04-20 Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина Raw mix for brick manufacture

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