RU2637266C1 - Charge for producing corundum refractory products - Google Patents
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- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
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- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
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Abstract
Description
Изобретение относится к изготовлению огнеупорных изделий и может быть использовано для изготовления крупногабаритных изделий сложной конфигурации.The invention relates to the manufacture of refractory products and can be used for the manufacture of large-sized products of complex configuration.
Огнеупорная оснастка для получения жаропрочных металлов и сплавов применяется для разливки сталей, к которым предъявляется ряд требований. Условия службы такой оснастки зависят от марки разливаемой стали, продолжительности разливки и температуры.Refractory equipment for producing heat-resistant metals and alloys is used for casting steels, which have a number of requirements. The service conditions of such equipment depend on the grade of cast steel, the duration of casting and temperature.
Повышение стойкости огнеупорного материала для получения жаропрочных сталей и сплавов осуществляется созданием огнеупорного материала с модифицирующими добавками с различным концентрационным содержанием.Increasing the resistance of the refractory material to obtain heat-resistant steels and alloys is carried out by creating a refractory material with modifying additives with different concentration contents.
Для повышения качества огнеупорного материала экспериментально определяют добавки и их содержание, а также концентрацию добавки для соответствия требованиям физико-механическим свойствам, термостойкости и химической стойкости.To improve the quality of the refractory material, additives and their content, as well as the concentration of the additive, are experimentally determined to meet the requirements of physical and mechanical properties, heat resistance and chemical resistance.
Наиболее близким к изобретению - прототипом - является шихта, описанная в способе изготовления изделий из наноструктурированной корундовой керамики [RU 2341493 С1, МПК С04В 35/101], содержащая фракционированный электрокорунд, реактивный глинозем CL 370, глинозем Alphabond-300, кремнезоль «КЗ-ТМ» при следующем соотношении компонентов, масс. %:Closest to the invention, the prototype is a mixture described in the method of manufacturing products from nanostructured corundum ceramics [RU 2341493 C1, IPC С04В 35/101], containing fractionated electrocorundum, reactive alumina CL 370, alumina Alphabond-300, silica "KZ-TM "In the following ratio of components, mass. %:
Недостатками изделий, изготовленных из известной шихты, является недостаточная прочность под воздействием тепловых потоков и химическая стойкость при смачивании огнеупорного материала с жаропрочными сплавами.The disadvantages of products made from a well-known mixture is the lack of strength under the influence of heat fluxes and chemical resistance when wetting a refractory material with heat-resistant alloys.
Задачей, на решение которой направлено предлагаемое изобретение, является устранение вышеуказанных недостатков прототипа.The problem to which the invention is directed, is to eliminate the above disadvantages of the prototype.
Технический результат - повышение качества огнеупорного материала.The technical result is an increase in the quality of the refractory material.
Техническое решение достигается тем, что шихта для изготовления корундовых огнеупорных изделий, включающая электрокорунд фракций 0,5-3,0 мм и 0,01-0,5 мм, глинозем реактивный тонкодисперсный (ГРТ), нанодисперсное технологическое связующее, глинозем Alphabond-500, пластификатор Castament FS-40 и воду при следующем соотношении компонентов, масс. %:The technical solution is achieved by the fact that the mixture for the manufacture of corundum refractory products, including electrocorundum fractions of 0.5-3.0 mm and 0.01-0.5 mm, fine reactive alumina (GDF), nanosized technological binder, Alphabond-500 alumina, plasticizer Castament FS-40 and water in the following ratio of components, mass. %:
Введение в состав шихты нанодисперсного технологического связующего позволяет образовывать подвижные жидкотекучие смеси при воздействии вибраций. При содержании менее 2% не достигается требуемой подвижности формовочной массы, а при содержании более 6% приводит к образованию микротрещин.Introduction to the composition of the charge nanodispersed technological binder allows you to form a mobile fluid mixture when exposed to vibrations. With a content of less than 2%, the required mobility of the molding material is not achieved, and with a content of more than 6% it leads to the formation of microcracks.
Приготовление нанодисперсного технологического связующего на основе оксида алюминия, который представляет собой серый порошок состава AlO(ОН) - Бемит (98%) и примесь Са(СО3) - Кальцит (2%), заключается в следующем:The preparation of a nanosized technological binder based on aluminum oxide, which is a gray powder of the composition AlO (OH) - Boehmite (98%) and an admixture of Ca (CO 3 ) - Calcite (2%), is as follows:
- осуществляют съем стружки со слитка (сплава Д16), состоящего из фрагментов площадью 140-175 мм2 и толщиной 0,1-0,4 мм;- carry out the removal of chips from the ingot (alloy D16), consisting of fragments with an area of 140-175 mm 2 and a thickness of 0.1-0.4 mm;
- обрабатывают полученные фракции водным раствором натриевой щелочи;- process the obtained fractions with an aqueous solution of sodium alkali;
- промывают осадок до величины рН среды 8,5-9,0;- washed the precipitate to a pH of 8.5 to 9.0;
- осуществляют сушку осадка в сушильном шкафу при температуре 70°С;- carry out the drying of the precipitate in an oven at a temperature of 70 ° C;
- синтезируют в печи при температуре 400°С;- synthesized in an oven at a temperature of 400 ° C;
- осуществляют мокрый помол в планетарной мельнице в изопропиловой среде с последующей сушкой в сушильной камере при температуре 70°С.- carry out wet grinding in a planetary mill in an isopropyl environment, followed by drying in a drying chamber at a temperature of 70 ° C.
Введение в состав шихты глинозема Alphabond-500 при содержании менее 1% не увеличивает транспортную прочность, а при содержании более 4% образует микротрещины. Глинозем Alphabond-500 представляет собой порошок белого цвета с химическим составом.The introduction of Alphabond-500 alumina into the mixture at a content of less than 1% does not increase the transport strength, but at a content of more than 4% it forms microcracks. Alumina Alphabond-500 is a white powder with a chemical composition.
Введение в состав шихты фракционированного электрокорунда и ГРТ указанных диапазонов способствует образованию высокой плотности за счет укладываемости частиц при воздействии вибраций. Кроме этого, ГРТ экономически выгоднее глинозема CL 370.The introduction of the fractioned electrocorundum and GDT into the charge of the indicated ranges contributes to the formation of high density due to the packing of particles under the influence of vibrations. In addition, GDT is more economical than CL 370 alumina.
ГРТ представляет из себя порошок белого цвета с химическим составом (по ТУ 14-194-280-07) оксида алюминия не менее 99,5%, оксида кремния не более 0,05 масс. %, оксида железа не более 0,1 масс. %, оксида натрия не более 0,35 масс. %, с размером частиц D50-2,5 мкм, D90-7,5 мкм. [Боровичский комбинат огнеупоров - http://aobko.ru/refractories/neformovannye_ogneupory/fine_grain_reactive_alumina/].GDT is a white powder with a chemical composition (according to TU 14-194-280-07) of alumina not less than 99.5%, silicon oxide not more than 0.05 mass. %, iron oxide is not more than 0.1 mass. %, sodium oxide, not more than 0.35 mass. %, with a particle size of D50-2.5 microns, D90-7.5 microns. [Borovichi Refractory Plant - http://aobko.ru/refractories/neformovannye_ogneupory/fine_grain_reactive_alumina/].
Глинозем CL 370 представляет из себя порошок белого или светло-серого цвета с химическим составом - оксид алюминия 99,8%, оксид кремния 0,05 масс. %, оксид железа 0,03 масс. %, оксид натрия 0,06 масс. %, с размером частиц D50-2,5 мкм [Horst Н. Pohland. Aluminium oxide. Production, properties, applications. - G.: Verlag modern industrie, 1999-72p.].Alumina CL 370 is a white or light gray powder with a chemical composition - alumina 99.8%, silica 0.05 mass. %, iron oxide 0.03 mass. %, sodium oxide 0.06 mass. %, with a particle size of D50-2.5 microns [Horst N. Pohland. Aluminum oxide. Production, properties, applications. - G .: Verlag modern industrie, 1999-72p.].
Введение в состав шихты пластификатора Castament FS-40 (органический водорастворимый порошок желтого цвета) увеличивает подвижность жидкотекучей массы при низком содержании влаги. При содержании менее 0,1% не образует достаточной подвижности формовочной массы, а при содержании более 0,3% способствует высокой пористости.The introduction of the mixture plasticizer Castament FS-40 (organic water-soluble yellow powder) increases the mobility of the fluid mass with a low moisture content. When the content is less than 0.1%, it does not form sufficient mobility of the molding material, and if it is more than 0.3%, it contributes to high porosity.
Введение в состав шихты затворяющей жидкости в виде воды при содержании менее 6% не образует подвижности смеси, а при содержании более 10% увеличивается открытая пористость и ухудшаются физико-механические параметры.The introduction of the mixture of the closing fluid in the form of water at a content of less than 6% does not form the mobility of the mixture, and at a content of more than 10%, the open porosity increases and the physical and mechanical parameters deteriorate.
Схема изготовления шихты состояла в следующем: смешивали фракции электрокорунда 3-0,5 и 0,5-0 мм, отдельно смешивали ГРТ с нанодисперсным технологическим связующем, глиноземом Alphabond-500 и пластификатором Castament FS-40. Затем в полученную смесь добавляют смешанные фракции электрокорунда, после чего увлажняют водой и непрерывно перемешивают до получения однородной массы. Приготовленную шихту использовали для получения огнеупорных изделий.The charge manufacturing scheme consisted of the following: 3-0.5 and 0.5-0 mm electrocorundum fractions were mixed, GDT was mixed separately with nanodispersed technological binder, Alphabond-500 alumina and Castament FS-40 plasticizer. Then mixed fractions of electrocorundum are added to the resulting mixture, after which they are moistened with water and continuously mixed until a homogeneous mass is obtained. The prepared mixture was used to obtain refractory products.
Формование производили в форму методом вибролитья. Полученная заготовка подвергается естественной сушке, затем сушке с сушильной камере и обжигу в печи окислительного действия.The molding was carried out in the form by the method of vibrocasting. The resulting billet is subjected to natural drying, then drying with a drying chamber and fired in an oxidizing furnace.
Пример 1Example 1
Для изготовления изделий приготавливали формовочную массу, содержащую компоненты в соотношении, масс %:For the manufacture of products prepared molding material containing components in the ratio, mass%:
Порошковые смеси получали путем сухого перемешивания фракционированного электрокорунда, отдельного смешивания ГРТ, нанодисперсного технологического связующего, Alphabond-500 и Castament FS-40. В полученную смесь добавляли смешанные фракции электрокорунда и увлажняли водой с непрерывным перешиванием до получения однородной массы. Формование производили в форму при наложении вибраций с дальнейшей естественной сушкой, сушкой в сушильной камере и спеканием в печи окислительного действия.Powder mixtures were obtained by dry mixing fractionated electrocorundum, separate mixing of GDT, nanosized technological binder, Alphabond-500 and Castament FS-40. Mixed fractions of electrocorundum were added to the resulting mixture and moistened with water with continuous alteration until a homogeneous mass was obtained. The molding was carried out in the form by applying vibrations with further natural drying, drying in a drying chamber and sintering in an oxidizing furnace.
Пример 2Example 2
Для изготовления изделий приготавливали формовочную массу, содержащую компоненты в соотношении, масс. %:For the manufacture of products prepared molding material containing components in the ratio, mass. %:
Последовательность операций, как в примере 1, изменялось только соотношение компонентов.The sequence of operations, as in example 1, changed only the ratio of the components.
Свойства материалов изделий по предлагаемому составу в таблице 1.The properties of the materials of the products according to the proposed composition in table 1.
Источник информацииThe source of information
1. Патент РФ №2341493, С04В 35/101, опубл. 20.12.2008, бюл. №35. Способ изготовления изделий из наноструктурированной корундовой керамики (прототип).1. RF patent No. 2341493, С04В 35/101, publ. 12/20/2008, bull. Number 35. A method of manufacturing products from nanostructured corundum ceramics (prototype).
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WO2015185651A1 (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2015-12-10 | Imerys Ceramics France | Ceramic compositions |
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Patent Citations (5)
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EP0361356A1 (en) * | 1988-09-26 | 1990-04-04 | Nichias Corporation | Heat-resistant and inorganic shaped article |
RU2267472C2 (en) * | 2004-01-20 | 2006-01-10 | ОАО "Первоуральский динасовый завод" (ОАО "ДИНУР") | Refractory mass for cladding of blast furnace trunks |
RU2280016C2 (en) * | 2004-10-12 | 2006-07-20 | ООО "Техуглерод и огнеупоры" | Charge for production of the corundum refractory materials and the method of their manufacture |
RU2341493C1 (en) * | 2007-04-18 | 2008-12-20 | Закрытое акционерное общество Научно-технический центр "Бакор" | Method of items production from nano-structured alumina ceramics |
WO2015185651A1 (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2015-12-10 | Imerys Ceramics France | Ceramic compositions |
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