PL240269B1 - Materiał kompozytowy w postaci cząstek stałych o budowie typu rdzeń-powłoka-faza aktywna, sposób otrzymywania takiego materiału kompozytowego i jego zastosowanie - Google Patents
Materiał kompozytowy w postaci cząstek stałych o budowie typu rdzeń-powłoka-faza aktywna, sposób otrzymywania takiego materiału kompozytowego i jego zastosowanie Download PDFInfo
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- PL240269B1 PL240269B1 PL423615A PL42361517A PL240269B1 PL 240269 B1 PL240269 B1 PL 240269B1 PL 423615 A PL423615 A PL 423615A PL 42361517 A PL42361517 A PL 42361517A PL 240269 B1 PL240269 B1 PL 240269B1
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Claims (20)
- PL 240 269 Β1Tabela 3. Wyniki testów dynamicznej adsorpcji-desorpcji par toluenu - całkowita ilość zaadsorbowanegoPróbka Replika CMK-1 CMK-l/ZrOi Pt-CMK-l/ZrO2Pojemność [mg/g]Gaz nośny - azot 168,9 158,8 103,8Gaz nośny - powietrze - 51,7 75,8Wyniki eksperymentów potwierdziły wysoką pojemność sorpcyjną materiałów według wynalazku. Pomimo, iż modyfikacja powierzchni węgla ograniczyła zdolności adsorpcyjne materiałów w stosunku do prekursora węglowego, powłoka ZrO2 zwiększyła stabilność termiczną rdzenia węglowego w atmosferze utleniającej w porównaniu do przykładowego mezoporowatego węgla typu CMK-1. Powłoka ZrO2 izoluje węglowy rdzeń katalizatora od atmosfery utleniającej, w której prowadzony jest proces dopalania katalitycznego LZO zabezpieczając go przed spaleniem. Naniesienie fazy aktywnej spowodowało zwiększenie pojemności sorpcyjnej względem CMK-1/ZrO2.Przykład 6Ocena aktywności katalitycznych materiałów według wynalazku.Zmianę aktywności katalitycznej materiałów 1% Pt- CMK1@ZrO2 (Przykład 1) oraz materiałów 10%CuO- sC@ZrO2 i 10%Co3O4- sC@ZrO2 (Przykład 2) w funkcji temperatury przedstawiono na Fig. 3. Testy katalityczne przeprowadzono przy użyciu układu przepływowego wyposażonego w mikroreaktor kwarcowy w przepływie powietrza (100 mL/min, stężenie toluenu 1000 ppm). Do detekcji ilości substratów/produktów reakcji wykorzystano spektrometr masowy wyposażony w kwadrupolowy detektor mas. Eksperyment wykonano w zakresie temperatur 50-500°C, z ciągłym narostem 1°C/min dla próbki o masie 100 mg. Przed eksperymentem próbkę odgazowywano w przepływie gazu obojętnego (50 mL/min) w temperaturze 200°C przez 30 minut.Wyniki przeprowadzonego testu potwierdziły dużą aktywność katalityczną opracowanych materiałów. Całkowite utlenienie zaadsorbowanych par toluenu nastąpiło w temperaturze 210°C dla materiału 1% Pt-CMK1@ZrO2 oraz 400°C dla próbek zawierających CuO lub CO3O4 jako fazę aktywną. Tak niska temperatura utleniania toluenu połączona z wysoką pojemnością sorpcyjną rdzenia węglowego wskazuje na możliwość ich potencjalnego zastosowania jako dwufunkcyjnych materiałów w procesach adsorpcyjno-katalitycznej eliminacji lotnych związków organicznych.Zastrzeżenia patentowe1. Materiał kompozytowy w postaci cząstek stałych o budowie typu rdzeń-powłoka-faza aktywna, obejmujący rdzeń z materiału adsorpcyjnego, co najmniej jeden tlenek nieorganiczny oraz cząstki fazy aktywnej katalitycznie, znamienny tym, że- materiał adsorpcyjny stanowi porowaty węgiel,- tlenek nieorganiczny stanowiący powłokę rdzenia i nośnik fazy aktywnej katalitycznie stanowi tlenek cyrkonu,- faza aktywna katalitycznie złożona jest z nanocząstek lub ich aglomeratów na bazie metali lub tlenków metali wybranych z grupy obejmującej Pt, CO3O4, CuO.
- 2. Materiał kompozytowy według zastrz. 1 znamienny tym, że cząstki stałe są kuliste.
- 3. Materiał kompozytowy według zastrz. 1 znamienny tym, że rdzeń węglowy stanowi mezoporowaty materiał węglowy o powierzchni właściwej z zakresu 306-514 m2/g i objętości porów z zakresu 0,24 do 0,61 cm3/g.
- 4. Materiał kompozytowy według zastrz. 1 znamienny tym, że tlenek nieorganiczny jest porowaty.
- 5. Materiał kompozytowy według zastrz. 1 znamienny tym, że fazę aktywną katalitycznie stanowią metale lub ich tlenki naniesione na otoczkę tlenkową oraz sama powłoka.
- 6. Materiał kompozytowy według zastrzeżenia 1 znamienny tym, że nanocząstki fazy aktywnej katalitycznie są osadzone na powierzchni tlenku nieorganicznego bez kontaktu z rdzeniem węglowym.PL 240 269 B1
- 7. Sposób otrzymywania materiału kompozytowego określonego zastrzeżeniami 1-6 obejmujący następujące etapy:a) otrzymywanie porowatych cząstek węglowych,b) nanoszenie powłoki tlenkowej na rdzeń z porowatego materiału węglowego, c) osadzanie cząstek fazy aktywnej katalitycznie na powłoce tlenkowej.
- 8. Sposób otrzymywania materiału kompozytowego według zastrz. 7 znamienny tym, że etapa) przeprowadza się z wykorzystaniem odwzorowania sztywnych szablonów krzemionkowych, gdzie surowiec/prekursor węgla wprowadza się do matrycy krzemionkowej poprzez impregnację lub polimeryzację metodą in-situ.
- 9. Sposób otrzymywania materiału kompozytowego według zastrz. 8 znamienny tym, że prekursorem węgla są polimery uzyskane na drodze polimeryzacji in situ monomerów wybranych z grupy obejmującej alkohol furfurylowy, mieszaninę fenolu z formaldehydem, akrylonitryl.
- 10. Sposób otrzymywania materiału kompozytowego według zastrz. 8 znamienny tym, że prekursorem są cukry wybrane z grupy sacharoza, glukoza, ksyloza.
- 11. Sposób otrzymywania materiału kompozytowego według zastrz. 8 znamienny tym, że szablony krzemionkowe są na bazie żelu krzemionkowego lub mezoporowatych materiałów krzemionkowych typu SBA-15, SBA-16, MCM-41 i MCM-48 o sferycznym kształcie cząstek.
- 12. Sposób otrzymywania materiału kompozytowego według zastrz. 8 znamienny tym, że prekursor węgla wprowadza się do systemu porów sferycznego materiału krzemionkowego dla uzyskania kompozytu polimerowo-krzemionkowego, który następnie jest poddawany karbonizacji w temperaturze z zakresu 600-1000°C w atmosferze gazu obojętnego jakim jest argon, azot lub hel dla otrzymania materiału węglowo-krzemionkowego, a następnie krzemionka usuwana jest z kompozytu węglowego poprzez trawienie roztworem NaOH o stężeniu w zakresie od 1 do 5 M lub roztworem HF o stężeniu w zakresie 1-10% w temperaturze z zakresu od 25 do 90°C.
- 13. Sposób otrzymywania materiału kompozytowego według zastrz. 7 znamienny tym, że usuwanie krzemionki przeprowadza się przed lub po osadzeniu powłoki z tlenku nieorganicznego.
- 14. Sposób otrzymywania materiału kompozytowego według zastrz. 7 znamienny tym, że powłoka tlenkowa jest nanoszona w etapie b) poprzez hydrolizę i polikondensację alkoholanu metalu.
- 15. Sposób otrzymywania materiału kompozytowego według zastrz. 14 znamienny tym, że reakcję prowadzi się w roztworze alkoholu bezwodnego w obecności surfaktantu.
- 16. Sposób otrzymywania materiału kompozytowego według zastrz. 7 znamienny tym, że po etapie b) materiał jest suszony i karbonizowany w temperaturze z zakresu 600-1000°C w atmosferze gazu obojętnego w czasie od 1 do 48 h, podnosząc temperaturę z szybkością od 0,1 do 50°C/min.
- 17. Sposób otrzymywania materiału kompozytowego według zastrz. 7 znamienny tym, że nanocząstki fazy aktywnej katalitycznie w etapie c) nanosi się na warstwę tlenku nieorganicznego sposobem impregnacji z roztworu łatwo rozpuszczalnego związku wybranego metalu.
- 18. Zastosowanie materiału kompozytowego określonego zastrz. 1 do eliminacji lotnych związków organicznych na drodze adsorpcji w rdzeniu utworzonym z węgla porowatego i ich następczego katalitycznego utleniania poprzez fazę aktywną katalityczną obecną w powłoce.
- 19. Zastosowanie materiału kompozytowego według zastrz. 18 znamienne tym, że adsorpcja lotnych związków organicznych odbywa się w temperaturze w zakresie 20-100°C, a dopalanie katalityczne w temperaturze powyżej 150°C.
- 20. Zastosowanie materiału kompozytowego według zastrz. 18 znamienne tym, że lotne związki organiczne są wybrane z grupy węglowodorów alifatycznych i aromatycznych.
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| CN112958110B (zh) * | 2021-02-26 | 2022-09-06 | 上海大学材料基因组工程(萍乡)研究院 | 一种分步活化法制备高效voc催化剂的方法 |
| CN114933324B (zh) * | 2022-06-06 | 2023-09-26 | 天目湖先进储能技术研究院有限公司 | 一种Ce2O2S@C核壳纳米结构复合材料 |
| CN115672270A (zh) * | 2022-10-21 | 2023-02-03 | 爱科美材料科技(南通)有限公司 | 一种用于油水分离的多孔碳纳米二氧化锰复合材料的制备方法 |
| CN115722229B (zh) * | 2022-11-04 | 2024-02-06 | 中国科学技术大学苏州高等研究院 | 一种双金属氧化物纳米材料及其制备方法与应用 |
| CN116037110A (zh) * | 2023-02-13 | 2023-05-02 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | 锰氧化物负载铂催化剂制备方法及催化剂 |
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| AU2009263401A1 (en) | 2008-06-23 | 2009-12-30 | Jgc Corporation | Method and combustion catalyst for purifying carbon dioxide off-gas, and method for producing natural gas |
| CN103480369B (zh) | 2012-06-13 | 2015-05-20 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种铂纳米复合催化剂及其制备和应用 |
| WO2015027031A1 (en) | 2013-08-23 | 2015-02-26 | Basf Corporation | Catalysts for oxidation of carbon monoxide and/or volatile organic compounds |
| EP3212325B1 (en) | 2014-10-30 | 2020-05-20 | BASF Corporation | Use of a verbase metal catalyst for treatment of ozone and volatile organic compounds present in air supply |
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| DE102018129499A1 (de) | 2019-05-29 |
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