NZ620727B2 - A heat-sealable biodegradable packaging material, a package or a container made thereof, and use of a resin in extrusion coating - Google Patents
A heat-sealable biodegradable packaging material, a package or a container made thereof, and use of a resin in extrusion coating Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NZ620727B2 NZ620727B2 NZ620727A NZ62072712A NZ620727B2 NZ 620727 B2 NZ620727 B2 NZ 620727B2 NZ 620727 A NZ620727 A NZ 620727A NZ 62072712 A NZ62072712 A NZ 62072712A NZ 620727 B2 NZ620727 B2 NZ 620727B2
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- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- packaging material
- heat
- pbs
- blend
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000007765 extrusion coating Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 title description 3
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000004631 polybutylene succinate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229920002961 polybutylene succinate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- -1 polybutylene succinate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QYMGIIIPAFAFRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl prop-2-enoate;ethene Chemical group C=C.CCCCOC(=O)C=C QYMGIIIPAFAFRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 30
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 235000013353 coffee beverage Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- CLABUGUUEWHKMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl prop-2-enoate;ethene;oxiran-2-ylmethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=C.CCCCOC(=O)C=C.CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CO1 CLABUGUUEWHKMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000004630 polybutylene succinate adipate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004621 biodegradable polymer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920009537 polybutylene succinate adipate Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229920002988 biodegradable polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004629 polybutylene adipate terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940099514 low-density polyethylene Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 208000034530 PLAA-associated neurodevelopmental disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 229920000331 Polyhydroxybutyrate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005015 poly(hydroxybutyrate) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000954 Polyglycolide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003232 aliphatic polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000015123 black coffee Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001688 coating polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000012171 hot beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005014 poly(hydroxyalkanoate) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004633 polyglycolic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000903 polyhydroxyalkanoate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001634 Copolyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001222 biopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005839 ecoflex® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005845 ecovio® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012793 heat-sealing layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- UQGPCEVQKLOLLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaneperoxoic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(=O)OO UQGPCEVQKLOLLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000520 poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006149 polyester-amide block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/24—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of indefinite length
- B29C41/30—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of indefinite length incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. moulding around inserts or for coating articles
-
- B32B1/02—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/02—2 layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/03—3 layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/12—Coating on the layer surface on paper layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/28—Multiple coating on one surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2270/00—Resin or rubber layer containing a blend of at least two different polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/31—Heat sealable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/716—Degradable
- B32B2307/7163—Biodegradable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
- B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2439/00—Containers; Receptacles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2439/00—Containers; Receptacles
- B32B2439/02—Open containers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2439/00—Containers; Receptacles
- B32B2439/70—Food packaging
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/10—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of paper or cardboard
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
- B32B29/002—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D65/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D65/46—Applications of disintegrable, dissolvable or edible materials
- B65D65/466—Bio- or photodegradable packaging materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/0846—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing other atoms than carbon or hydrogen atoms
- C08L23/0869—Acids or derivatives thereof
- C08L23/0884—Epoxide containing esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D167/00—Coating compositions based on polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D167/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
- D21H19/14—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12
- D21H19/24—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12 comprising macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H19/28—Polyesters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/80—Paper comprising more than one coating
- D21H19/82—Paper comprising more than one coating superposed
- D21H19/824—Paper comprising more than one coating superposed two superposed coatings, both being non-pigmented
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
- D21H27/10—Packing paper
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02W90/10—Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1303—Paper containing [e.g., paperboard, cardboard, fiberboard, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/3188—Next to cellulosic
- Y10T428/31895—Paper or wood
Abstract
heat-sealable biodegradable packaging material is disclosed. The material has a fibrous substrate (1) and one or more polymer coating layers (2) extruded onto said substrate. According to the invention the packaging material includes at least one polymer coating layer (2) containing at least 70 weight-% of polylactide (PLA) and at least 5 weight-% of polybutylene succinate (PBS) or its derivate blended therewith. Optionally an acryl copolymer such as ethylene butyl acrylate glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer (EBAGMA) may be included in the polymer blend. The invention further concerns a heat-sealed container, such as a disposable drinking cup, and a heat-sealed product package made from the packaging material, as well as uses of PBS or its derivates as blends with PLA in extrusion coating, for improving adhesivity of the coating to the fibrous substrate and reduced raw edge penetration to the packaging material, especially penetration of hot coffee held in the drinking cup. ight-% of polylactide (PLA) and at least 5 weight-% of polybutylene succinate (PBS) or its derivate blended therewith. Optionally an acryl copolymer such as ethylene butyl acrylate glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer (EBAGMA) may be included in the polymer blend. The invention further concerns a heat-sealed container, such as a disposable drinking cup, and a heat-sealed product package made from the packaging material, as well as uses of PBS or its derivates as blends with PLA in extrusion coating, for improving adhesivity of the coating to the fibrous substrate and reduced raw edge penetration to the packaging material, especially penetration of hot coffee held in the drinking cup.
Description
A heat-sealable biodegradable packaging material, a package or a con-
tainer made thereof, and use of a resin in extrusion coating
The present invention concerns a heat-sealable biodegradable packaging ma-
terial, which comprises a fibrous substrate and one or more polymer coating
layers extruded onto said substrate. The invention also concerns heat-sealed
containers and product packages comprising the packaging material according
to the invention, as well as uses of a resin in extrusion coating, in particular to
produce the packaging material and the container or package according to the
invention.
The fibre-based packaging material of product packages, such as packing pa-
per or board, is usually provided with a polymeric coating that makes the pack-
age tight and by means of which the package can be closed by heat sealing.
Similar polymer-coated paper or board is also used for disposable tableware,
such as heat-sealed drinking cups. Polyolefins, such as low-density polyethyl-
ene (LDPE), are widely used for coating due to their good heat-sealability. A
disadvantage of the usual polyolefins is, however, that they are not biodegrad-
able.
Polylactide (PLA), which has reasonably good moisture and gas barrier proper-
ties that are sufficient to many applications, has been used as the coating
polymer of biodegradable packaging material; however, its use involves a
number of problems. Polylactide as such is stiff and fragile, requiring a high ex-
trusion temperature and a fairly large layer thickness to stick to the fibre sub-
strate of the packaging material. Because of the high temperature, polylactide
runs the risk of deterioration, and in extrusion, the edges of a molten web tend
to tear and pin holes easily remain in the extruded layer.
To solve the extrusion problems EP-1094944 B1 discloses an inner adhesion
layer, which is co-extruded together with an outer polylactide layer and which
consists of a biodegradable polymer, examples of which, according to the
specification, include some commercial copolyesters, cellulose esters, and
polyester amides.
Another problem with the use of polylactide in the outer coating layer of the
packaging material is its fairly high melting point, and the resulting poor heat
sealing ability. As an improvement to this US-2002/0065345 A1 discloses a
biodegradable aliphatic polyester that is blended with polylactide, its portion in
the mixture being at least 9%, and a tackifier, its portion in the mixture being at
least 1%. As suitable aliphatic polyesters, the publication mentions poly-
caprolactone (PLC) and polybutylene succinate adipate (PBSA). According to
the reference the mixture can be extruded into a film, which can be axially or
biaxially stretched and which can be attached to the fibre substrate by lamina-
tion.
US 2005/0192410 A1 describes polylactide films and coatings, wherein the
processibility of polylactide is improved by blending with it 10–40 weight-% of
polycaprolactone and 5–10 weight-% of mineral particles. According to the ref-
erence the mixture can be used in extrusion coating, but there is no mention of
its adhesion to the fibre substrate or of its heat-sealability. Instead, the refer-
ence describes intermediate layers between the substrate and the PLA-based
coating layer or the top layers that come on top of the PLA layer; cf. section
[0039] in the specification.
US 2007/0259195 A1 describes polylactide-based films, which contain,
blended therewith, 0.1–10 weight-% of biodegradable polymeric additive, the
purpose of which is to increase the crystallinity of the polylactide, improving its
heat resistance. As examples of such additives the reference presents FEPOL
2040 marketed by Far Eastern Textile, Taiwan, and Ecoflex marketed by
BASF, both of which comprise polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT). Ac-
cording to the reference the mixtures can be extruded onto the fibre substrate
in a conventional manner, but there is no mention of the adhesion of the mix-
ture to the substrate or of the heat-sealability of the coating thus obtained. In
the reference the intended improved heat resistance of PLA does not, how-
ever, suggest improved heat-sealability but rather its weakening.
The approach of the present inventors was to find a biodegradable polymer
blend that could be extruded directly to a paper or board substrate, so as to
obtain a packaging material suitable for biodegradable packages and, in par-
ticular, biodegradable containers such as disposable drinking cups. The aim is
thus to replace the usual non-biodegradable LDPE with a biodegradable poly-
mer that could be used in a similar manner, without an intermediate adhesive
layer such as in EP-1094944 B1 or proceeding by way of film lamination such
as in US-2002/0065345 A1.
The inventors have thus worked with polylactide and its modifications, attempt-
ing to improve its extrudability, adhesivity to paper or board and heat-
sealability so as to turn it suitable for sealed drinking cups in particular. How-
ever, they were faced with a particular problem, which was raw-edge penetra-
tion (REP) of the liquid from the cup to the fibre-based cup wall material. REP
is a well-known phenomenon, which has been quite successfully counteracted
by tailor-made sizing compositions in the fibrous substrate. Such sizing com-
positions are known in the art and are useful in connection with the present in-
vention. However, due to the weaker adhesivity of polylactide as compared
with LDPE the route for liquid penetration to the packaging material tends to be
40 between the fibrous substrate and the extruded coating layer. Micropores not
filled with polymer are assumed to be the ultimate reason for the problem. The
REP problem is especially harmful with hot coffee, which tarnishes the white-
coloured cup material along the vertical heat-seal in the cupwall, thus disfigur-
ing the cup in a way that is unacceptable for the market.
The problem solved by the present invention is to provide polymer-coated,
biodegradable packaging material, wherein the coating containing a polylactide
blend has an improved adhesion to the fibrous substrate together with reduced
raw-edge penetration to the packaging material, and/or to at least provide the
public with a useful choice.
Accordingly, the invention provides use of polybutylene succinate (PBS) or a
derivate thereof as a blend with polylactide for improved adhesion of a coating
layer of said blend extruded onto a fibrous paper or board substrate of a pack-
aging material, and reducing raw edge penetration in a liquid package or con-
tainer made from the packaging material.
The invention also provides a liquid package or container made according to
the use of the invention.
In the description in this specification reference may be made to subject matter
which is not within the scope of the appended claims. That subject matter
should be readily identifiable by a person skilled in the art and may assist in
putting into practice the invention as defined in the appended claims.
The term “comprising” as used in this specification and claims means “consist-
ing at least in part of”. When interpreting statements in this specification and
claims which include the term “comprising”, other features besides the features
prefaced by this term in each statement can also be present. Related terms
such as “comprise” and “comprises” are to be interpreted in similar manner.
In some embodiments, the packaging material includes, in direct contact to the
fibrous substrate, at least one extruded polymer coating layer containing at
least 70 weight-% of polylactide and at least 5 weight-% of polybutylene succi-
nate (PBS) or a derivate thereof.
According to tests carried out by the inventors blending of PBS with PLA im-
proves adhesion of a coating layer consisting of the blend in extrusion onto a
fibrous board substrate. At the same time raw edge penetration of hot coffee in
drinking cups made of the polymer-coated paperboard thus obtained is signifi-
cantly reduced, which is seen as markedly less, if any, brown colouring along
the vertical heat-seal lines in the cup jacket. Without binding the invention to a
theory, PBS and its close derivates with similar properties are believed to sof-
ten the PLA blend and have it penetrate deeper to the micropores in the sur-
face of the fibrous substrate, blocking the routes for liquid penetration between
the fiber and polymer coating layers. The improved adhesion is also supposed
to increase the ability of the coating to withstand the vapour pressure gener-
ated within the fibrous substrate by the hot drink, thus preventing the coating
from loosening from the substrate layer and opening pathways to liquid pene-
tration.
According to the invention the polymer blended with PLA is polybutylene suc-
cinate (PBS). Derivates of polybutylene succinate with like properties are an al-
ternative, in particular polybutylene succinate adipate (PBSA), which was also
tested by the inventors with positive results.
As a third component the blend may comprise a minor amount, at most about
% by weight, an acrylate copolymer, such as ethylene butyl acrylate glycidyl
methacrylate terpolymer (EBAGMA). The packaging material useful in the in-
vention may thus comprise a polymer coating layer containing a blend of (i) 70
to 95 weight-%, preferably 75 to 90 weight-%, of polylactide, (ii) 5 to 25 weight-
%, preferably 10 to 20 weight-% of polybutylene succinate or a derivate thereof
and (iii) 0 to 5 weight-% of an acrylate copolymer.
The acrylate polymer is added to further improve the adhesion of the extruded
polymer coating layer to the fibrous substrate. Acrylate polymers, including
EBAGMA, are as such non-biodegradable, but when used in small amounts of
5 weight-% at most do not prevent biodegrading of the coating layer as a
whole.
The fibrous substrate in the packaging material may be paper or board, paper-
board as well as cardboard.
The extruded biodegradable polymer coating layer as discussed above shall
be in a direct contact with the fibrous substrate of the packaging material. PBS
or its derivate, such as PBSA, serves to improve adhesion of the coating layer
to the underlying fibrous substrate. In case of a multilayer coating said coating
layer would be the lowermost layer.
The biodegradable polymer coating layer as discussed above may also form
the uppermost surface layer of the coated packaging material. In this case
PBS or its derivate, such as PBSA, serves to improve the heat-sealability of
the polymer coated packaging material. Addition of a minor amount of acrylate
copolymer, such as EBAGMA, further improves heat-sealability of the coating
layer. If the coating is a monolayer coating its aim is to improve both adhesion
to the fibrous substrate and heat-sealability.
In case of a coextruded multilayer coating each layer should substantially con-
sist of biodegradable polymers so as to secure biodegradability of the packag-
ing material as a whole. The material may have a polymer coating on one side
or on both sides thereof. The coatings on the opposite sides of the fibrous
substrate may be similar or differ from each other.
A useful embodiment in the invention is a packaging material having coex-
truded inner and outer coating layers, the inner layer comprising a blend of
PLA, PBS or its derivate and, optionally, acrylate copolymer such as EBAGMA,
and the outer layer comprising polybutylene adipate terephtalate (PBAT), pref-
erably in a blend with PLA. The inner layer would provide superior adhesion in
extrusion to the fibrous substrate and the outer layer would provide superior
heat-sealability to an uncoated fibrous surface or to a polymer layer, similar or
dissimilar to said outer heat-seal layer itself.
The invention further comprises a method of manufacturing a packaging mate-
rial as described in the above. According to this method the components of the
polymer blend are melted from granules and blended at a single step, immedi-
ately followed by extrusion of the melt onto a paper or board substrate.
The heat-sealed product package according to the invention is a closed pack-
age partially or, preferably, completely made of the packaging material as de-
scribed above.
The invention particularly provides an improved container made of the packag-
ing material as described above. Disposable drinking cups for hot drinks, es-
pecially hot coffee, are a prime example of such containers.
As described above, the invention includes use of polybutylene succinate
(PBS) or a derivate thereof as a blend with polylactide for improved adhesion
of a coating of said blend extruded onto a fibrous paper or board substrate of a
packaging material. In connection with the improved adhesion the particular
aim is to use the blend for reduced raw edge penetration in liquid packages or
containers such as disposable drinking cups made from the packaging mate-
rial.
Furthermore, the invention includes use of polybutylene succinate (PBS) or a
derivate thereof and ethylene butyl acrylate glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer
(EBAGMA) as a blend with polylactide, either for improved adhesion of a coat-
ing of said blend extruded onto a fibrous paper or board substrate, or for im-
proved heat-sealability of an extruded polymer coating of said blend.
Examples
Figs. 1-5 show as examples five structural embodiments of the packaging ma-
terial according to the invention. There are extruded or coextruded monolayer
or multilayer coatings of a blend of polylactide (PLA) and polybutylene succi-
nate (PBS) and mere polylactide on one side or on both sides of a fibrous pa-
per or board substrate (”board”). The share of PLA in the blend is 70 to 95
weight-%, preferably 75 to 90 weight-%, and the share of PBS may vary from 5
to 25 weight-%, preferably being 10 to 20 weight-%. As an optional third com-
ponent at most 5 weight-% of an acrylate copolymer such as ethylene butyl
acrylate glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer (EBAGMA) may be included in the
blend. The substrate may be paper, paperboard or cardboard of a weight of 40
to 350 g/m , preferably a cupboard or a liquid package board of 170 to 350
g/m .
Usefully PBS is available as a commercial product under trade name GsPLA
FZ91PD by Mitsubishi, and EBAGMA is commercially available under trade
name Biomax Strong 120 by DuPont.
More particularly, Fig. 1 shows the substrate 1 with a single extruded coating
layer 2 of the blend of PLA and PBS. The weight of this monolayer 2 may be
from 10 to 30 g/m . In Fig. 2 there is such a PLA + PBS blend layer 2 on both
sides of the substrate 1. Fig. 3 shows a coextruded multilayer coating with an
innermost PLA + PBS blend layer 2, a middle layer 3 of PLA, and an outermost
PLA + PBS blend layer 4. The weight of each of the three layers 2, 3, 4 may be
from 4 to 13 g/m . The total weight of the multilayer coating is thus 12–39 g/m .
PLA is the cheaper polymer material in the blend, and including a middle layer
3 of PLA serves to add to the total thickness of the coating while reducing its
cost. Fig. 4 shows similar multilayer coatings 2, 3, 4 on both sides of the sub-
strate 1.
Fig. 5 shows as a further embodiment of the invention a packaging material
comprising a board substrate 1 and coextruded innermost, middle and outer-
most coating layers 2, 3, 5. Only the innermost layer 2 consists of a PLA +
PBS blend as described above. The middle layer 3 consists of mere PLA. The
outermost heat-sealing layer 5 comprises a blend of about 55 weight-% of PLA
and 45 weight-% of polybutylene adipate terephtalate (PBAT). Such a PLA +
PBAT blend is commercially available under trade name Ecovio by BASF. The
weights of the three coating layers 2, 3, 5 may correspond to the respective
layers 2, 3, 4 in the embodiment of Fig. 3.
If the packaging material has extruded polymer coatings on both sides, the
coatings on the opposite sides need not be identical. There may be a
monolayer coating on one side and a multilayer coating on the other side of
the fibrous substrate. It is also possible to include in multilayer coatings layers
of other biodegradable polymers suitable for extrusion coating, preferably in
blends with polylactide. Fig. 5 is an example of such embodiments. In addition
to PBAT, other examples of useful polymers are PHA (polyhydroxy alkanoate),
PHB (polyhydroxy butyrate), PHBV (polyhydroxybutyrate hydroxyvalerate),
40 PGA (polyglycolic acid), PEG (polyethylene glycol), PCL (polycaprolactane),
and starch based biopolymers. The innermost layer of the multilayer structure
shall be of the blend containing PLA and PBS or its derivate, however.
Tests
In the following the invention is illustrated by means of laboratory tests. Extru-
sion grade polylactide was used as the basic coating polymer, which was
blended with 10, 15 and 20 weight-% of polybutylene succinate (GsPLA
FZ91PD by Mitsubishi) and 10 and 15 weight-% of polybutylene succinate adi-
pate (GsPLA AD92WD by Mitsubishi). The blends as well as pure PLA as a
reference were then extruded as monolayers of about 25 g/m onto one side of
a board substrate having a weight of 280 g/m . The true coating weights were
measured and varied slightly, between 24.9 and 27.6 g/m (the black columns
in Fig. 6), due to the coating techniques.
For each coated test material adhesion to the board substrate was determined
on a scale from 0 to 3, the highest figure representing the worst adhesion. The
results are shown in Fig. 6. In each case addition of PBS or PBSA to PLA im-
proved the adhesion value from 3 to 1 or 2.
Each coated test material was then subjected to raw edge penetration (REP)
test with use of hot black coffee at a temperature of about 80°C (brand Juhla
Mokka by Paulig, cooked with a Moccamaster cooker according to Paulig´s
recommendations). A piece of 100 cm was cut from each material, was
weighed as dry and submerged to the coffee to a depth of 5 cm for 10 minutes.
The test pieces were then dried from the outside with suction paper and
weighed immediately thereafter. The increase in weight indicates the raw edge
penetration. In Fig. 7 the black columns represent the raw edge penetration for
each polymer coated board tested. With each polymer blend the result im-
proved from that with mere PLA, most remarkably with 15 or 20 weight-% of
PBS.
The raw edge penetration was then assessed visually on a scale from 0 to 5,
the highest figure representing the worst result. The results, which are seen in
Fig. 8, differ slightly from the measured results of Fig. 7, but the superior re-
sults with 15 and 20 weight-% of PBS in PLA are unequivocally confirmed.
Drinking cups were made by heat-sealing from two of the above test materials,
namely the board coated with mere PLA (reference) and the board coated with
PLA + 20 weight-% of PBS (invention). A visual REP test was performed for
these cups by filling them with the above hot black coffee for 10 minutes. Fig. 9
shows the test cups after the test, cut open so as to show the vertical sealing
lines on the inside of the cupwall. The cup of PLA-coated board is on the left
and the cup of the board coated with PLA + 20% of PBS is on the right. The
substantial improvement gained by the invention is immediately recognizable.
The market would accept the cup according to the invention on the right, but
would reject the reference cup on the left because of the visible tarnish left by
the hot coffee.
In this specification where reference has been made to patent specifications,
other external documents, or other sources of information, this is generally for
the purpose of providing a context for discussing the features of the invention.
Unless specifically stated otherwise, reference to such external documents is
not to be construed as an admission that such documents, or such sources of
information, in any jurisdiction, are prior art, or form part of the common gen-
eral knowledge in the art.
Claims (11)
1. Use of polybutylene succinate (PBS) or a derivate thereof as a blend with polylactide for improved adhesion of a coating layer of said blend extruded onto a fibrous paper or board substrate of a packaging material, and reducing 5 raw edge penetration in a liquid package or container made from the packag- ing material.
2. The use according to claim 1 wherein the liquid package or container is a disposable drinking cup.
3. The use according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the coating layer contains at 10 least 70 weight-% of polylactide and at least 5 weight-% of polybutylene succi- nate or a derivate thereof.
4. The use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the coat- ing layer contains a blend of (i) 70 to 95 weight-% of polylactide, (ii) 5 to 25 weight-% of polybutylene succinate or a derivate thereof and (iii) 0 to 5 weight- 15 % of an acrylate copolymer.
5. The use according to claim 4, wherein said acrylate copolymer is ethyl- ene butyl acrylate glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer (EBAGMA).
6. The use according to claim 5, wherein the coating layer contains a blend of (i) 75 to 90 weight-% of polylactide, (ii) 10 to 20 weight-% of PBS or a deri- 20 vate thereof and (iii) 0 to 5 weight-% of EBAGMA.
7. The use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the coat- ing layer forms a heat-sealable surface layer of the packaging material.
8. The use according to any one of claims 1–6, wherein the coating layer forms an inner layer, which is directly adhered to the fibrous paper or board 25 substrate of the packaging material, and an outer layer containing polybutylene adipate terephtalate (PBAT) forms a heat-sealable surface layer of the packag- ing material.
9. The use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the com- ponents of the polymer blend are melted from granules and blended at a single 30 step, followed by extrusion of the melt onto the fibrous paper or board sub- strate.
10. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, substantially as herein described with reference to any example thereof and with or without reference to the accompanying figures.
11. A liquid package or container made according to the use of any one of the preceding claims.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI20115745A FI124660B (en) | 2011-07-12 | 2011-07-12 | Use of polybutylene succinate in extrusion coating of a packaging material |
FI20115745 | 2011-07-12 | ||
PCT/FI2012/050640 WO2013007872A1 (en) | 2011-07-12 | 2012-06-20 | A heat-sealable biodegradable packaging material, a package or a container made thereof, and use of a resin in extrusion coating |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NZ620727A NZ620727A (en) | 2015-08-28 |
NZ620727B2 true NZ620727B2 (en) | 2015-12-01 |
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