NZ620038B - Device for vehicle measuring - Google Patents
Device for vehicle measuringInfo
- Publication number
- NZ620038B NZ620038B NZ620038A NZ62003814A NZ620038B NZ 620038 B NZ620038 B NZ 620038B NZ 620038 A NZ620038 A NZ 620038A NZ 62003814 A NZ62003814 A NZ 62003814A NZ 620038 B NZ620038 B NZ 620038B
- Authority
- NZ
- New Zealand
- Prior art keywords
- transmitter
- light
- elements
- group
- vehicle
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000001702 transmitter Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000002730 additional Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002452 interceptive Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003666 Nerve Fibers, Myelinated Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 206010047571 Visual impairment Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000004569 blindness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004301 light adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reduced Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004393 visual impairment Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/017—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled identifying vehicles
Abstract
620038 Disclosed is a device for measuring a vehicle (1) on a roadway (2). The device (3) includes a carrier structure, which has a support axis (7) that can be oriented transversely over the roadway (2), and a plurality of transmitter elements (11), which are distributed along the support axis (7) on the carrier structure and each downwardly emitting a light measuring beam (12). Each light measuring beam (12) is located in an emission direction (13) extending normal to the support axis (7), and at least one receiver element (14) is installed on the carrier structure and receives reflected light measuring beams (12’). An evaluation unit is connected to the transmitter (11) and receiver (14) elements for time of flight measurement and, based thereon, measurement of a vehicle (1). The emission directions of at least two transmitter elements are not parallel to each other. 7) on the carrier structure and each downwardly emitting a light measuring beam (12). Each light measuring beam (12) is located in an emission direction (13) extending normal to the support axis (7), and at least one receiver element (14) is installed on the carrier structure and receives reflected light measuring beams (12’). An evaluation unit is connected to the transmitter (11) and receiver (14) elements for time of flight measurement and, based thereon, measurement of a vehicle (1). The emission directions of at least two transmitter elements are not parallel to each other.
Description
Patents Form 5
N.Z. No. 620038
NEW ZEALAND
Patents Act 1953
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
DEVICE FOR VEHICLE MEASURING
We, KAPSCH TRAFFICCOM AG, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a
patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly
described in and by the following statement:-
Device for Vehicle Measuring
The present invention relates to a device for measuring a
vehicle on a roadway.
The measuring of vehicles is of great importance in par-
ticular for establishing the suitability or authorization of
the use of a road section, such as a tunnel or a toll road, or
of a location, such as a parking space or city territory that
is subject to tolls. Vehicles that are too high or too wide are
to be stopped in time before tunnels, and usage charges are to
be determined in road toll systems or at parking spaces as a
function of the vehicle height and/or width. The measuring of a
vehicle is to take place largely without interfering with traf-
fic flow, which is to say while driving on the roadway. For
this purpose, measuring gantries extending transversely over
the roadway are installed, for example, and populated with sen-
sors for vehicle measurement.
If the roadway has only one lane, a vehicle height, for
example, can be ascertained by way of light barriers trans-
versely radiating lat various heights. As an alternative, an
image can first be recorded of a vehicle, and the vehicle can
thereupon be measured by way of optical image evaluation. A la-
ser scanner installed on a measuring gantry is known from US
6,304,321 B1, which can project two differently inclined fanned
scan beams onto the road surface or vehicle surface by way of a
rotating deflection mirror having differently inclined mirror
facets. By fanning the laser measuring beams, shadowing effects
are created so that the lateral faces of a vehicle facing away
from the scanner cannot be detected and consequently not meas-
ured.
It is known from US 2004/0008514 A2 to mount a line of in-
dividual perpendicularly downwardly radiating transmitter and
receiver elements for laser time of flight measurement on a
measuring gantry. So as not to interfere with each other, the
transceiver elements are sequentially actuated either individu-
ally or in groups, which may result in detection gaps for vehi-
cles traveling at high speeds; it is thus not possible to re-
liably associate various vehicle parts or a trailer with a ve-
hicle.
It is the object of the invention to create a device for
measuring a vehicle, which overcomes the disadvantages of the
state of the art and is also flexible to use.
This object is achieved by a device for measuring a vehi-
cle, comprising:
a carrier structure, which has a support axis that can be
oriented transversely over the roadway,
a plurality of transmitter elements, which are distributed
along the support axis on the carrier structure and each down-
wardly emit a light measuring beam, each light measuring beam
being located in an emission direction extending normal to the
support axis,
at least one receiver element, which is installed on the
carrier structure and receives reflected light measuring beams,
an evaluation unit, which is connected to the transmitter
and receiver elements for time of flight measurement and, based
thereon, measurement of a vehicle,
the device being characterized in that the emission direc-
tions of at least two transmitter elements are not parallel to
each other.
The light measuring beams together form a two-dimensional
measuring area on the roadway and are still always oriented in
planes that are parallel to the driving direction, so that they
are able to measure a vehicle three-dimensionally without lat-
eral shadowing effects. The beam distances transversely to the
driving direction can be selected entirely independently of
each other in different emission directions, whereby, depending
on need, transmitter and/or receiver elements and thus addi-
tionally also computing power can be saved in the evaluation.
By optimizing the arrangement and the number of transmitter and
receiver elements, the load on the carrier structure is re-
duced, so that one-sided bracing of the consequently slim part
of the carrier structure extending over the roadway also be-
comes possible. This part can thus also be configured to be
pivotable, for example for maintenance work.
So as to simplify the evaluation of the measurement sig-
nals, it is advantageous if transmitter elements having mutu-
ally parallel emission directions form a group and the device
has at least two groups. Such groups of parallel light measur-
ing beams together form scanning lines extending transversely
over the roadway and can be evaluated together or with respect
to a specific task. Based on a detection of a vehicle, addi-
tional components, such as traffic cameras, could be controlled
by way of a first group, or the light measuring beams of a sec-
ond group can be influenced in terms of the chronological suc-
cessions thereof. In this way, energy and/or computing power
can be saved during low-traffic times, for example.
The transmitter elements of a first group particularly
preferably have regular first distances from each other, and
the transmitter elements of a second group have regular second
distances from each other that are different from the first.
The mutual distances of the light measuring beams are thus
adapted to different tasks which necessitate different resolu-
tions; as a result of the regular nature of the distances, the
orientation of the measuring device and the evaluation are sim-
plified.
So as to be able to contiguously track a vehicle in the
entire two-dimensional measuring area, a preferred embodiment
of the invention is characterized by a first group of closely
spaced transmitter elements having vertical emission direc-
tions, at least one second group of transmitter elements spaced
far apart from each other having emission directions at a first
angle relative to the perpendicular, and at least one third
group of closely spaced transmitter elements having emission
directions at a second angle relative to the perpendicular.
Each group of transmitter elements can serve a particular task:
The evaluation unit is particularly preferably configured to
evaluate the reflections of the light measuring beams of the
first group for vehicle classification, those of the second
group for vehicle tracking, and those of the third group for
vehicle detection. When a vehicle is detected by the third
group, for example, the recording of an image of the vehicle
license plate number can be triggered, whereupon the vehicle
can be further tracked contiguously by way of light measuring
beams of the second group - having a lower resolution over a
larger road section - up to the light measuring beams of the
first group, which are placed closely together and, due to a
vertical emission direction, provide reflections that can be
received particularly well, so that the vehicle classification
can be carried out with high precision. Thanks to the contigu-
ous tracking of the vehicle through the entire two-dimensional
measuring area, the combination of the vehicle license plate
number and the measurement or classification result is fail-
safe.
As an alternative (or in addition), it is also possible,
after a vehicle classification by way of the first group, to
track the vehicle up until (renewed) detection using a down-
stream second group and a (further) third group and thereupon,
if so desired, to trigger the recording of an (additional) im-
age, for example for front and rear photos of the same vehicle
and the license plate thereof.
It is particularly advantageous if a dedicated receiver
element is associated with each transmitter element on the car-
rier structure in the immediate vicinity thereof. This allows a
simplified association during the evaluation of the individual
reflected light measuring beams and also simplifies the orien-
tation of the transmitter and receiver elements. This also
makes it easier for multiple or all transmitter elements to si-
multaneously emit light measuring beams, which are received by
the respective associated receiver elements and evaluated by
way of the evaluation unit with respect to the time of flight.
So as to reduce the interfering influence of scattered
light, an aperture is preferably provided upstream of each re-
ceiver element. In addition to reducing the susceptibility to
faults from environmental influences, reflections of the light
measuring beams of neighboring transmitter elements are thus
also suppressed, which allows the simultaneous operation of
multiple or all transmitter elements.
In one advantageous variant, the device is characterized
in that each transmitter element is formed by the outlet end of
a light conducting fiber, which is fed by a light source. Due
to the low weight of the fibers, a particularly slim and light-
weight carrier structure is achieved, so that rapid installa-
tion and maintenance are facilitated and the visual impairment
of the surroundings is reduced.
The light conducting fibers particularly preferably origi-
nate from a central location in the device, at which a light
source is arranged for each of one or more light conducting fi-
bers. Light sources can thus be saved, and the remaining one(s)
can be serviced centrally, if necessary. This also ensures the
simultaneous operation of multiple or even all transmitter ele-
ments. The light conducting fibers can also be guided out of
the carrier structure and, for example, be relocated into an
associated control box of the device, whereby they become ac-
cessible even more easily.
It is favorable if each receiver element is formed by the
inlet end of a light conducting fiber, which is supplied to an
optoelectronic transducer. Similarly to the above-mentioned
variant, this reduces the weight along the support axis. At the
same time, such an embodiment allows the reflected light meas-
uring beams to be centrally evaluated directly based on the op-
tical signals.
With such a central evaluation, the optoelectronic trans-
ducer is particularly preferably an image sensor, on each of
the pixels of which one of the light conducting fibers is
routed. Such an image sensor that is suitable for time of
flight measurement can also detect and associate simultaneously
emitted light measuring beams, or the reflections thereof, with
respect to the time of flight thereof with pinpoint precision
and determine individual distances. The image sensor can again
be situated in a central location, for example in the control
box on the carrier structure.
In an alternative variant, the transmitter elements are
light-emitting diodes (LEDs) or laser diodes, and the receiver
elements are optoelectronic transducers, which are exposed to
the outside on the carrier structure. This reduces the complex-
ity for a central actuation and evaluation, since in this case
transmitter and receiver elements require or provide only elec-
trical signals. A mixed embodiment, for example having decen-
tralized light-emitting or laser diodes as transmitter elements
and the inlet ends of light conducting fibers as receiver ele-
ments having a central image sensor, or conversely having cen-
tral light-emitting or laser diodes and outlet ends of light
conducting fibers as transmitter elements and decentralized op-
toelectronic transducers, such as photodiodes, would likewise
be possible. Due to the small size of today’s light-emitting
diodes, laser diodes and photodiodes, the slim carrier struc-
ture is thus preserved.
The carrier structure can particularly advantageously be
composed as a standardized module, which is populated with
transmitter and receiver elements as desired, by the carrier
structure having a plurality of prepared seats for a respective
transmitter and/or receiver element, the seats being distrib-
uted in a grid-like manner over a downwardly directed side of
the carrier structure. Depending on the population of the pre-
pared seats, different mutual distances of the transmitter
and/or receiver elements in different emission directions can
thus be easily achieved, along with an adaptation to different
ambient conditions and tasks. It is also possible to have the
individual seats already prepared for predetermined emission
directions and/or they may assign a prepared field of view to
the receiver elements.
For example, it is particularly favorable if the seats are
clip holders for inserting light-emitting diodes, laser diodes
and/or optoelectronic transducers. This allows a rapid instal-
lation and/or removal of these components, while the population
remains arbitrary. The wall thickness of the carrier structure,
which should be as small as possible, reduces the weight of the
structure.
As an alternative, the seats are preferably ducts pene-
trating a wall of the carrier structure for light conducting
fibers to pass through. In view of the small fiber diameters,
such ducts can likewise be very narrow and thus favor the rapid
insertion of the fibers.
It is particularly advantageous if the outer sections of
the seats are configured as apertures. These can be a region
having a smaller diameter of these ducts or some of the seats
configured on the clip holders, whereby separate components are
dispensed with.
The invention will be described hereafter in greater de-
tail based on exemplary embodiments shown in the accompanying
drawings. In the drawings:
shows a perspective view from above onto the device
according to the invention for measuring a vehicle on a road-
way;
shows a top view onto a vehicle on a roadway and
light measuring beams reflected thereby, which are emitted by a
device according to
shows a view from beneath of the measuring head of
the device of extending transversely over the roadway;
shows partial cross-sections through different em-
bodiments of the measuring head of along the intersect-
ing line A-A of
According to FIGS. 1 and 2, a vehicle 1 is measured at
least with respect to the width and height thereof by way of a
device 3 while driving on a roadway 2. The measuring device 3
comprises a carrier structure 4 having at least one stanchion 5
and an elongated measuring head 6, which is braced thereon and
forms a support axis 7 extending transversely over the roadway
2. Depending on the width of the roadway 2 or the number of the
lanes 8 thereof, the carrier structure 4 can also comprise ad-
ditional stanchions 5. The measuring head 6 can be installed on
the stanchion 5 so as to pivot about a vertical axis, so that
it can be pivoted away from the roadway 2 for maintenance pur-
poses. The device 3 further comprises a control box 9 for ac-
commodating an evaluation unit 10 and additional components.
A plurality of transmitter elements 11 are distributed on
the measuring head 6 along the support axis 7 (. Each
transmitter element 11 emits a light measuring beam 12, such as
a laser beam, in an emission direction 13, 13', 13" downward
onto the roadway 2, or onto a vehicle 1 located thereon (. The measuring head 6 additionally carries at least one re-
ceiver element 14 for light measuring beams 12' reflected by
the vehicle 1 or the roadway 2. It is possible to provide one
receiver element 14 for all transmitter elements 11 or for each
group of transmitter elements 11, or a dedicated receiver ele-
ment 14 for each transmitter element 11.
The evaluation unit 10 is connected to the transmitter and
receiver element 11, 14 and, based on the time of flight of
each individual light measuring beam 12, 12' that is emitted
and reflected, for example the time period between the emission
of a light pulse by a transmitter element 11 and the reception
of the reflected light pulse in a receiver element 14, and
based on the known positions of the transmitter and receiver
elements 11, 14, calculates the positions of the impingement
points 15 of the light measuring beams 12 on the roadway 2 or
the vehicle 1, so as to create from this a point-by-point 2.5D
or 3D image (a “scanning point cloud”) of the roadway 2 or of
the vehicle 1, as is known per se in the prior art.
As is shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the emission directions 13,
13', 13" of at least two transmitter elements 11, and thus of
the light measuring beams 12 thereof, are not parallel to each
other. Each light measuring beam 12 is located in a plane 16
which is normal relative to the support axis 7 and intersects
the roadway 2 approximately parallel to the lanes 8. Light
measuring beams 12 having non-parallel emission directions 13,
13', 13" can be located in one and the same plane or in differ-
ent planes 16. The device 3 thus projects a two-dimensional
pattern 17 of impingement points 15 onto the roadway 2 or the
vehicle 1, see
In the pattern 17, light measuring beams 12 having mutu-
ally parallel emission directions 13, 13', 13" each form a
group 18, 19, 19', 20, 20' (, for which purpose the
transmitter and receiver elements 11, 14 are preferably ar-
ranged in corresponding groups 18, 19, 19', 20, 20' (.
In the preferred embodiment shown, the transmitter elements 11
of a first group 18 having vertical emission directions 13 have
regular, narrow first distances a from each other, those of
second groups 19, 19' having emission directions 13' at first
angles α (0 < α < 90°) relative to the perpendicular (α = 0)
have regular, wide second distances a from each other, and
those of third groups 20, 20' having emission directions 13" at
second angles α (α < α < 90°) relative to the perpendicular
2 1 2
have regular, narrow third distances a from each other. It is
also possible to provide more than one second group 19, 19' be-
tween the central first group 18 and the outer third groups 20,
20'.
The evaluation unit 10 is preferably configured to evalu-
ate the reflections 12' of the light measuring beams 12 of the
first group 18 for vehicle measurement and classification,
those of the second groups 19, 19' for vehicle tracking over
the entire measuring area 21 of the pattern 17, and those of
the third groups 20, 20' for vehicle detection (triggering)
when a vehicle 1 enters and exits the measuring area 21. The
outer (third) groups 20, 20' can be used in particular as line
detectors, for example so as to trigger the recording of an im-
age by a camera unit 22, 22' which is installed for this pur-
pose on the carrier structure 4 and/or so as to reduce the
pauses between two light pulses of the light measuring beams 12
of groups 18, 19, 19', 20, 20' provided downstream in the driv-
ing direction. The camera unit 22, 22' records a front or rear
view of the vehicle 1 with the front or rear license plate num-
ber 23, 23' and, if desired, the driver. The mutual distances
a of the third groups 20, 20' are selected in such a way that
a vehicle 1 can be detected reliably, and optionally also with
lane precision, so as to trigger a camera unit 22, 22', for ex-
ample, which is directed at the correct lane 8. The measuring
area 21 of the pattern 17 in the longitudinal direction of the
roadway 2 is preferably larger than the longest anticipated ve-
hicle 1 to be measured or classified, and particularly prefera-
bly a multiple thereof.
Depending on the application, other arrangements or se-
quences of the groups 18, 19, 19', 20, 20' are also possible,
of course, for vehicle detection, tracking and classification
(measurement). A simple case, for example, includes at least
two different groups having different resolutions in the sensor
areas thereof for the tracking-triggering or triggering-
tracking sequence, and the like. A combination with additional
sensors, such as microwave radio devices for communicating with
a device carried on board the vehicle for toll capturing, are
likewise possible.
Finally, the width and height of the vehicle 1 are pref-
erably measured by the particularly closely spaced transmitter
elements 11 of the first group 18, or a 2.5D or 3D scanning
point cloud thereof is created when passing the group 18, so as
to classify the vehicle 1, for example. The close distance a
results in a high resolution during this measurement or classi-
fication.
Between the detector groups 20, 20' and the measurement
and classification group 18, the vehicle 1 is detected by the
light measuring beams 12 of the second group 19, 19' (“tracking
groups”) as it passes through the measuring area 21. In the
present exemplary embodiment, this is used to contiguously
track the vehicle 1 in the entire measuring area 21 and thereby
be able to clearly associate an image recorded by the camera
units 22, 22', which was trigged by way of the third groups 20,
', for example, with a vehicle 1 that was measured and clas-
sified by way of the first group 18. It is sufficient for this
purpose if the transmitter elements 11 of the second groups 19,
19' are spaced far apart from each other (a > a , a > a ).
2 1 2 3
The distances a , a , a of the transmitter elements 11 of
1 2 3
the different groups 18, 19, 19', 20, 20' can, of course, be
selected differently from those in the illustrated example. It
is also possible for additional groups or other suitable, even
irregular, patterns 17 to be emitted. The light measuring beams
12 can be in the visible wavelength range, however they are in-
visible in the present example, so as to avoid interference
with traffic.
The measurement of the length of the vehicle 1 or the
scaling of the scanning point cloud thereof can be achieved,
for example, by combining the evaluations of multiple receiver
elements 14 of different groups 18, 19, 19', 20, 20' or with
the aid of an additional speed measurement of the vehicle 1.
Such a speed measurement can take place by way of separate
speed sensors (not shown), or by way of Doppler measurement
with the aid of the transmitter elements 11 emitting at an an-
gle α , α relative to the perpendicular, or based on the time
period between the detection of a vehicle 1 with the aid of one
of the groups 18, 19, 19', 20, 20' and the detection with the
aid of a downstream group.
FIGS. 3 and 4 show the optomechanical design of the meas-
uring head 6 in detail. The measuring head 6 comprises a plu-
rality of prepared seats 24, in each case for a transmitter
element 11 and/or a receiver element 14. The seats 24 are dis-
tributed in a grid-shaped manner across the downwardly facing
side 25' of the wall 25 of the measuring head 6. The group-wise
emission directions 13, 13', 13" shown in and 2 can be
predefined by the orientations of the seats 24, see the ap-
proximately semi-circular or U-shaped cross-section of the wall
25 in the wall 25 together with an upper protective
cover 26 also forming a channel 27 extending in the direction
of the support axis 7.
Line by line, the seats 24 shown in form the groups
18, 19, 19', 20, 20' of transmitter elements 11. However, it is
also possible to provide more seats 25 than necessary - for ex-
ample in a regular grid-shaped pattern - which are then popu-
lated with transmitter and/or receiver elements 11, 14 accord-
ing to the desired pattern 17. The measuring head 6 can also
have a cross-section that is different from a U shape, for ex-
ample an O-shaped or rectangular cross-section.
shows different variants of transmitter and re-
ceiver elements 11, 14 next to each other in one and the same
drawing, the variants generally constituting alternatives, how-
ever it also being possible to combine them in the same device
3.
In a first variant, which is the variant shown on the left
in a transmitter element 11 can be formed by the outlet
end 28 of a light conducting fiber 29. The seat 24 is prefera-
bly a duct 30 for this purpose, which penetrates the wall 25,
so that the light conducting fiber 29 or the light measuring
beam 12 can pass through. The light conducting fibers 29 can be
routed via the channel 27 to a central location in the device
3, for example the control box 9, where they are fed by a
shared or group-wise or respective individual light source (not
shown).
Likewise a receiver element 14 can be formed by the inlet
end 32 of a light conducting fiber 29, which is routed to an
optoelectronic transducer (not shown). The optoelectronic
transducer can also be centrally arranged, such as in the con-
trol box 9. The optoelectronic transducer can be an image sen-
sor, such as photo diode array chip, on which each of the light
conducting fibers 29 is routed on a separate pixel of the image
sensor. As an alternative, each light conducting fiber 29 could
supply a separate photodiode.
An aperture 31 can be connected upstream of the light con-
ducting fiber 29 of the receiver element 14, the aperture lim-
iting the field of view of the receiver element 14 in such a
way that the same receives only a single reflected light meas-
uring beam 12', which is to say that of the associated trans-
mitter element 11. In this way, neighboring or even all trans-
mitter elements 11 can send simultaneously. The aperture 31 can
be a separate aperture, which optionally is provided with addi-
tional optics, or it can simply be formed by a smaller diameter
of the duct 30 itself, in which the inlet end 32 of the light
conducting fiber 29 is recessed. Instead of limiting the fields
of view of the receiver elements 14, alternatively all trans-
mitter elements 11 - or at least those located close to each
other - could be sequentially actuated or operated so as to
prevent stray reflected light measuring beams 12' of non-
associated transmitter elements 11 from being picked up a re-
ceiver element 14.
In a second variant, which is shown in the center of at least some of the transmitter elements 11 can also be
light-emitting diodes (LEDs) or laser diodes 33 and/or at least
some of the receiver elements 14 can be optoelectronic trans-
ducers 34, such as photodiodes, which are exposed to the out-
side on the carrier structure 4, so that the light measuring
beams 12, 12' can be emitted and/or received without impair-
ment. The seats 24 for light-emitting diodes, laser diodes or
photodiodes 33, 34 can likewise be suitably shaped ducts 30
penetrating the wall 25, or preferably clip holders 35, in
which the light-emitting diodes, laser diodes and/or photodi-
odes 33, 34 can be inserted, for example detachably. The outer
sections of the seats 24, in particular those of the receiver
elements 14, can again optionally be configured as apertures
31. In this embodiment, the light-emitting diodes, laser diodes
and photodiodes 33, 34 are connected to the evaluation unit 10
via electrical signal lines 36, which are routed in the channel
27, for example.
Of course, the seats 24, regardless of whether they are
configured as clip holders 35 or as ducts 30, can in each case
accommodate both a transmitter element 11 and an associated re-
ceiver element 14, or more than one transmitter and/or receiver
elements 11, 14, as is illustrated by a third variant shown on
the right in in which a light conducting fiber 29 hav-
ing an outlet end 28 as the transmitter element 11 and a photo-
diode 34 accommodated in the same duct 30 are shown by way of
example. Any other combination and/or variation of transmitter
and/or receiver elements 11, 14 is likewise conceivable. One
and the same light conducting fiber 29 could also be used both
as a transmitter and receiver element 11, 14, if both a light
measuring beam 12 is coupled in and the reflection 12' thereof
is coupled out at the end opposite the seat 24, for example by
way of a semitransparent mirror. Such an option also exists for
several combined light conducting fibers 29, which are fed to-
gether and evaluated with the aid of an image sensor.
The seats 24 can be closed to the outside by transparent
cover plates 37 and protected against soiling. The cover plates
37 can also be filters to keep undesirable optical wavelengths,
for example, away from the receiver elements 14 and/or they can
be polarizers, wherein identically polarized cover plates 37
are provided upstream of mutually associated transmitter and
receiver elements 11, 14.
The invention is not limited to the shown embodiments, but
encompasses all variants, combinations and modifications that
are covered by the scope of the accompanying claims.
Claims (16)
1. A device for measuring a vehicle on a roadway, com- prising: 5 a carrier structure, which has a support axis that can be oriented transversely over the roadway, a plurality of transmitter elements, which are distributed along the support axis on the carrier structure and each down- wardly emit a light measuring beam, each light measuring beam 10 being located in an emission direction extending normal to the support axis, at least one receiver element, which is installed on the carrier structure and receives reflected light measuring beams, 15 an evaluation unit, which is connected to the transmitter and receiver elements for time of flight measurement and, based thereon, measurement of a vehicle, characterized in that the emission directions of at least two transmitter ele- 20 ments are not parallel to each other.
2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that transmitter elements having mutually parallel emission di- rections form a group, and that the device has at least two groups. 25
3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the transmitter elements of a first group have regular first distances from each other, and the transmitter elements of a second group have regular second distances from each other that are different from the first. 30
4. The device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by a first group of closely spaced transmitter elements having vertical emission directions, at least one second group of transmitter elements spaced far apart from each other having emission directions at a first angle relative to the perpen- 35 dicular, and at least one third group of closely spaced trans- mitter elements having emission directions at a second angle relative to the perpendicular.
5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the evaluation unit is configured to evaluate the reflec- 5 tions of the light measuring beams of the first group for vehi- cle classification, those of the second group for vehicle tracking, and those of the third group for vehicle detection.
6. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a dedicated receiver element is associ- 10 ated with each transmitter element in the immediate vicinity thereof.
7. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that an aperture is provided upstream of each receiver element. 15
8. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that each transmitter element is formed by the outlet end of a light conducting fiber, which is fed by a light source.
9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in 20 that the light conducting fibers originate from a central loca- tion in the device, at which a light source is arranged for each of one or more light conducting fibers.
10. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that each receiver element is formed by the 25 inlet end of a light conducting fiber, which is routed to an optoelectronic transducer.
11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the optoelectronic transducer is an image sensor, on each pixel of which one of the light conducting fibers is routed. 30
12. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the transmitter elements are light- emitting or laser diodes, and the receiver elements are opto- electronic transducers, which are exposed to the outside on the carrier structure.
13. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the carrier structure has a plurality of prepared seats, in each case for a transmitter and/or receiver element, the seats being distributed in a grid-shaped manner 5 across a downwardly facing side of the carrier structure.
14. The device according to claim 13 in conjunction with claim 12, characterized in that the seats are clip holders for inserting the light-emitting or laser diodes and/or the opto- electronic transducers. 10
15. The device according to claim 13 in conjunction with any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the seats are ducts penetrating a wall of the carrier structure for the light guiding fibers to pass through.
16. The device according to any one of claims 13 to 15, 15 characterized in that the outer sections of the seats are con- figured as apertures. Kapsch TrafficCom AG 20 By Their Attorneys HENRY HUGHES Per: 11,14 11,14 12, 12' 12, 12' 12, 12'
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP13155206.9 | 2013-02-14 | ||
EP13155206.9A EP2767964B1 (en) | 2013-02-14 | 2013-02-14 | Device for vehicle measurement |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NZ620038A NZ620038A (en) | 2014-03-28 |
NZ620038B true NZ620038B (en) | 2014-07-01 |
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