NO875049L - DEVICE FOR HEAT EXCHANGE, SPECIFICALLY BETWEEN SYNTHESIC GAS AND BOILING WATER. - Google Patents

DEVICE FOR HEAT EXCHANGE, SPECIFICALLY BETWEEN SYNTHESIC GAS AND BOILING WATER.

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Publication number
NO875049L
NO875049L NO875049A NO875049A NO875049L NO 875049 L NO875049 L NO 875049L NO 875049 A NO875049 A NO 875049A NO 875049 A NO875049 A NO 875049A NO 875049 L NO875049 L NO 875049L
Authority
NO
Norway
Prior art keywords
mantle
boiler
heat exchange
area
gas
Prior art date
Application number
NO875049A
Other languages
Norwegian (no)
Other versions
NO875049D0 (en
Inventor
Hans-Joachim Herbort
Heinz Graeve
Original Assignee
Uhde Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Uhde Gmbh filed Critical Uhde Gmbh
Publication of NO875049D0 publication Critical patent/NO875049D0/en
Publication of NO875049L publication Critical patent/NO875049L/en

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/14Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by endowing the walls of conduits with zones of different degrees of conduction of heat
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F22B1/1884Hot gas heating tube boilers with one or more heating tubes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/1607Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. change of flow direction
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/22Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
    • F28F2009/222Particular guide plates, baffles or deflectors, e.g. having particular orientation relative to an elongated casing or conduit
    • F28F2009/224Longitudinal partitions
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • F28F2265/26Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for allowing differential expansion between elements

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Description

Oppfinnelsen retter seg på en anordning for varmeutveksling, særlig mellom syntesegass- og kjelematevann, med en matevannforvarmings- og en dåmpfrembrlngelsessone. The invention is directed to a device for heat exchange, in particular between synthesis gas and boiler feedwater, with a feedwater preheating and a steam generation zone.

Slike anordninger er som regel konstruert som såkalte rørbundtvarmevekslere med en trykkbeholder, en rørbunn og et flertall av rørslanger, hvilke i alt vesentlig er bøy U-formet og hvor deres inngang og utgang er tilveiebrakt i samme rørbunn. Ved fastbunnapparater kommer det derimot på grunn av de forskjellige temperaturer mellom apparatveggen og WAT-rørene i forbindelsene av rør og plater til som regel utillatelig høye spenninger, hvilket her på grunn av de forskjellige temperaturnivåer i matestrømforvarmingssonen og fordampersonen ytterligere er forsterket. Dermed begrenser en slik anordning seg til en konstruksjon ved hvilken varmeut-vekslingsrørene er festet til to overforhverandre liggende rørbunner, dvs. ved hvilken eksempelvis syntesegassen blir ledet fra et kammer på tvers gjennom varmeutveksleren mot et andre kammer ved overforliggende ende og på denne vei i det minste avgir en del av sin varme til vann, hhv. damp. De forskjellige temperaturer ville kunne føre til helt forskjellige utvidelser av rørene og/eller veggene i varmeutveksleren, hvor særlig ved disse høytrykksapparater tilsvarende teknisk nødvendig forhåndsregler må treffes, for å utligne disse spenninger og forskjellige utvidelser. Such devices are usually constructed as so-called tube bundle heat exchangers with a pressure vessel, a tube bottom and a plurality of tube hoses, which are essentially bent U-shaped and where their inlet and outlet are provided in the same tube bottom. In the case of fixed-bottom appliances, on the other hand, due to the different temperatures between the appliance wall and the WAT pipes in the connections of pipes and plates, unacceptably high voltages usually occur, which is further amplified here due to the different temperature levels in the feed stream heating zone and the pre-dam person. Thus, such a device is limited to a construction in which the heat exchange pipes are attached to two pipe bottoms lying one above the other, i.e. in which, for example, the synthesis gas is led from a chamber across the heat exchanger towards a second chamber at the opposite end and on this way in the the smallest emits part of its heat to water, resp. steam. The different temperatures could lead to completely different expansions of the pipes and/or walls in the heat exchanger, where, especially in the case of these high-pressure devices, corresponding technically necessary precautions must be taken to balance these tensions and different expansions.

Oppfinnelsens oppgave er fremskaffelsen av en løsning med hvilken med sammenligningsvis enkle midler oppnåes, at nevnte utillatelige spenninger blir unngått. The task of the invention is the provision of a solution with which, with comparatively simple means, it is achieved that said inadmissible voltages are avoided.

Med en anordning av den innledningsvis nevnte type blir denne oppgave løst, i henhold til oppfinnelsen, ved at de gass-førende varmeutvekslingsrør er festet i to festebunner, og i området av matevannforvarmingssonen er omsluttet av en mantel som oppviser en avstand til beholderveggens innside, hvorved tilførselen av kjelematevannet skjer i det av mantelen dannet innerrom. With a device of the type mentioned at the outset, this task is solved, according to the invention, by the fact that the gas-carrying heat exchange tubes are fixed in two fixing bases, and in the area of the feed water preheating zone is enclosed by a mantle which shows a distance to the inside of the container wall, whereby the supply of the boiler feed water takes place in the inner space formed by the jacket.

Med oppfinnelsen oppnåes at det i prinsippet kalde kjelematevannet til å begynne med ikke berører beholderveggen og dermed kjøler denne, men blir holdt tilbake fra beholderveggen i matevannforvarmingssonen ved hjelp av mantelen. Dermed er det mulig at ringrommet mellom mantelen og beholderveggen kan gjennomstrømmes av sirkulerende kjelevann, slik at en definert høy temperatur innstiller over den totale lengde av beholderveggen. Dermed blir det ved valget av mantelens lengde mulig å minimalisere de nevnte spenninger. Oppfinnelsen tillater dermed å unngå U-rørkonstruksjonen, hvilke på basis av samme gassmessige trykktap må anbringe dobbelt så mange rør i rørbunnen som fastbunnapparatet. Besparelsen på veggstyrker, beholdervegger og rørbunner er betydelig. With the invention, it is achieved that the in principle cold boiler feed water initially does not touch the container wall and thus cools it, but is held back from the container wall in the feed water preheating zone by means of the jacket. Thus, it is possible that the annular space between the mantle and the container wall can be flowed through by circulating boiler water, so that a defined high temperature is set over the total length of the container wall. Thus, when choosing the length of the jacket, it is possible to minimize the aforementioned stresses. The invention thus allows avoiding the U-tube construction, which, on the basis of the same gas pressure loss, must place twice as many tubes in the tube bottom as the fixed bottom apparatus. The savings on wall strength, container walls and pipe bottoms are significant.

Oppfinnelsen foretrekker også, at kjelematevanninngangen er anordnet i området av en rørbunn og at mantelen er tett festet mellom denne og rørbunnen. The invention also prefers that the boiler feed water inlet is arranged in the area of a pipe bottom and that the jacket is tightly fixed between this and the pipe bottom.

Som ovenfor allerede angitt, skal det med oppfinnelsen oppnåes, at veggtemperaturen i trykkbeholderen i området av varmeutveksleren blir holdt ens og høyt og nærmere bestemt over den totale lengde, for å unngå de beskrevne belastninger. Ved en slik utforming foretrekker derfor oppfinnelsen, at det i området av mantelen er tilveiebrakt en tilførsel for det omløpende kjelevann for påvirkning av ringrommet mellom beholderveggen og mantelen. As already stated above, with the invention it is to be achieved that the wall temperature in the pressure vessel in the area of the heat exchanger is kept even and high and more precisely over the total length, in order to avoid the described loads. With such a design, the invention therefore prefers that in the area of the mantle a supply is provided for the circulating boiler water to influence the annulus between the container wall and the mantle.

Med denne foranstaltning er det mulig, ved hjelp av omstyr-tende eller hhv. omløpende kjelevann å holde veggtemperaturen i anordningen i dette området jevnt på temperaturen av det omløpende kjelevann, idet dette kan oppnåes med konstruktivt enkle midler. Mantelen tjener dermed som fordeler hhv. ledeplate for det kjelevann som strømmer inn i ringrommet, hvorved det sikres at beholderveggen alltid er fuktet med kjelevann, idet mantelen holder det kalde inntredende kjelematevannet fjernt fra dette området. With this measure, it is possible, with the help of overturning or circulating boiler water to keep the wall temperature in the device in this area equal to the temperature of the circulating boiler water, as this can be achieved with structurally simple means. The mantel thus serves as advantages or guide plate for the boiler water that flows into the annulus, whereby it is ensured that the container wall is always moistened with boiler water, as the mantle keeps the cold incoming boiler feed water away from this area.

I sin utforming foretrekker oppfinnelsen, at det ved mantelen mellom de gassførende rørslanger er anordnet sjikaner for kjelematevannet, for å oppnå en mest mulig god føring av det kjelematevann som skal forutvarmes. In its design, the invention prefers that chicanes for the boiler feed water are arranged at the mantle between the gas-carrying pipes, in order to achieve the best possible guidance of the boiler feed water to be preheated.

For å hindre at det kjelematevann som omspyler mantelen virker avkjølende på denne, er det tilveiebrakt at mantelen er utformet av et isolerende materiale. Dette er, slik som ovenfor allerede nevnt, fordelaktig for å forhindre at temperaturen av det kalde kjelematevannet, hvilket innmates i mantelinnerrommet avkjøler kjelevannet som strømmer om mantelen, slik at det så indirekte ble en avkjøling av beholderveggen, og/eller virkningsgraden for varmeutveksleren ble redusert, hvilket må forhindres. In order to prevent the boiler feed water that flushes the mantle from having a cooling effect on it, it is provided that the mantle is made of an insulating material. This is, as already mentioned above, advantageous to prevent the temperature of the cold boiler feed water, which is fed into the jacket interior, cooling the boiler water that flows around the jacket, so that there was an indirect cooling of the container wall, and/or the efficiency of the heat exchanger was reduced , which must be prevented.

En mulighet, i henhold til oppfinnelsen for å oppnå den isolerende virkning hos mantelen, består i at den er dannet i sandwichkonstruksjon av et metallgitter mellom to tynne plater, idet mellomrommene av metallgitteret er utfylt med en gassbetong eller ligende. Derved blir den hovedisolerende virkning av gassbetong eller annen kjemisk masse bevirket. Til tross for sandwichkonstruksjonen blir gjennom utfyllingen av hulrommene med gassbetong oppnådd, at mantelen også motstår høye belastninger, særlig trykkbelastninger. One possibility, according to the invention, to achieve the insulating effect of the mantle, is that it is formed in a sandwich construction of a metal grid between two thin plates, the spaces of the metal grid being filled with an aerated concrete or horizontal. Thereby, the main insulating effect of aerated concrete or other chemical mass is effected. Despite the sandwich construction, through the filling of the cavities with aerated concrete, it is achieved that the mantle also resists high loads, particularly pressure loads.

Oppfinnelsen er i det etterfølgende med hjelp av tegningen eksempelvis nærmere belyst. Dette her vises i den eneste figuren tverrsnittet gjennom en anordning i henhold til oppfinnelsen i forenklet fremstilling. Den generelt med en angitte anordning består av en trykkbeholder 2, i hvilken to rørbunner 3 og 4 som såkalte festebunner er innbygget, til hvilke en varmeutvekslerrørbunt 5 er festet. Festebunnene 3 og 4 skiller varmeutvekslerinnerrommet 6 fra et forkammer 7 og et frastrømskammer 8, eksempelvis for prosessgass, eksempelvis for avkjølingen av denne gass fra en dampreforme-ringsseksjon, hhv. CO-konverteringsseksjon. Varmeutvekslingsrommet 6 blir tilført kaldt, friskt kjelematevann, gjennom en antydet rørstuss 9 i området av rørbunnen 3. Funksjonsmessig er dermed varmeutveksleren inndelt i to områder, nemlig en matevannforvarmingssone, som i figuren er betegnet med VZ, og en dampfrembringelsessone, som i figuren er betegnet med DZ. The invention is subsequently explained in more detail with the help of the drawing, for example. This here is shown in the only figure, the cross-section through a device according to the invention in simplified form. The generally with a specified device consists of a pressure vessel 2, in which two pipe bottoms 3 and 4 are built as so-called attachment bottoms, to which a heat exchanger tube bundle 5 is attached. The mounting bases 3 and 4 separate the heat exchanger inner space 6 from a pre-chamber 7 and an outflow chamber 8, for example for process gas, for example for the cooling of this gas from a steam reforming section, respectively. CO conversion section. The heat exchange space 6 is supplied with cold, fresh boiler feed water, through an indicated pipe connection 9 in the area of the pipe bottom 3. Functionally, the heat exchanger is thus divided into two areas, namely a feed water preheating zone, which is denoted by VZ in the figure, and a steam generation zone, which is denoted in the figure with DZ.

For oppfinnelsen er det vesentlig at rørbunten 5 omtrentlig i området av forvarmingssonen VZ er omsluttet av en mantel 10, hvilken er anordnet i en avstand av den med 11 betegnet beholdervegg, slik at et ringrom 12 dannes. For the invention, it is essential that the tube bundle 5 approximately in the area of the preheating zone VZ is enclosed by a mantle 10, which is arranged at a distance from the container wall denoted by 11, so that an annular space 12 is formed.

Slik det fremgår av figuren, blir det kalde kjelematevannet tilført rørbunten 5 over stussen 9 berøringsfritt relativt det medium som befinner seg i ringrommet 12, slik at det i området av mantelen 10 ikke kan komme i berøring med beholderveggen 11. Ved hjelp av i dette området innbyggede sjikaner 13, blir kjelematevannet ført i kryss/motstrøm til det medium som gjennomstrømmer varmeutvekslingsrørene 5, hvilket er angitt med pilen 14. As can be seen from the figure, the cold boiler feed water is supplied to the tube bundle 5 above the spigot 9 without contact relative to the medium located in the annulus 12, so that in the area of the mantle 10 it cannot come into contact with the container wall 11. By means of in this area built-in chicanes 13, the boiler feedwater is led in cross/countercurrent to the medium that flows through the heat exchange tubes 5, which is indicated by arrow 14.

Over en ytterligere rørstuss 15, som riktignok munner direkte i ringrommet 12 mellom beholderveggene 11 og mantelen 10, blir omløpende kjelevann tilført slik, at ringrommet 12 omspyles av dette kjelevann, hvormed det oppnås, at dette veggområdet av anordningen 1 har temperaturen av det omveltede kjelevann. Ettersom det heller ikke i dampfrem-bringelsessonen hersker noen vesentlig andre betingelser, blir det oppnådd at veggen 11 av trykkbeholderen underkastes en sammenligningsvis ens temperatur over sin totale lengde. Kjelevannstigrørene er på grunn av fullstendigheten kun betegnet med henvisningstallet 16, prosessgassinngangsstus-sene med 17, og utgangsstussene med 18. I området DZ blir kjelevannstrømmen og den oppvarmede matevannstrømmen forenet. Mantelen 10 er i det viste eksempel i alt vesentlig utformet trelags, og nærmere bestemt med et indre metallgitter 10a omtrentlig som heksadiagonalt bikubegitter, på hvis ytre plater 10b er anbrakt. De ved metallgitteret dannede hulrom er utfylt med eksempelvis gassbetong. Over a further pipe connection 15, which of course opens directly into the annular space 12 between the container walls 11 and the casing 10, circulating boiler water is supplied so that the annular space 12 is flushed by this boiler water, with which it is achieved that this wall area of the device 1 has the temperature of the overturned boiler water . As no significantly different conditions prevail in the steam generation zone either, it is achieved that the wall 11 of the pressure vessel is subjected to a comparatively uniform temperature over its entire length. Due to completeness, the boiler water risers are only designated with the reference number 16, the process gas inlets with 17, and the outlet connections with 18. In the area DZ, the boiler water flow and the heated feed water flow are united. In the example shown, the mantle 10 is substantially three-layered, and more specifically with an inner metal grid 10a approximately like a hexagonal beehive grid, on which outer plates 10b are placed. The cavities formed by the metal grid are filled with, for example, aerated concrete.

Naturligvis kan de beskrevne utførelseseksempler av oppfinnelsen endres i flere henseender, uten å forlate grunntanken. Således kan den viste anordning dessuten være utformet som dobbeltkonstruert varmeveksler og lignende. Naturally, the described embodiments of the invention can be changed in several respects, without abandoning the basic idea. Thus, the device shown can also be designed as a double-constructed heat exchanger and the like.

Claims (6)

1. Anordning for varmeutveksling, særlig mellom syntesegass- og et kjelematevann, med en matevannforvarmings- og en dampfrembringelsessone, karakterisert ved at de gassførende varmeutvekslingsrør (5) er festet i to festebunner (3, 4) og i området av matevannforvarmingssonen (VZ) er omsluttet av en mantel (10) som oppviser en avstand til innsiden av beholderveggen (11), hvorved tilførselen av kjelematevannet skjer, idet av mantelen dannede innerrom.1. Device for heat exchange, in particular between synthesis gas and a boiler feedwater, with a feedwater preheating and a steam generation zone, characterized in that the gas-conducting heat exchange pipes (5) are fixed in two fixing bases (3, 4) and in the area of the feedwater preheating zone (VZ) are enclosed by a mantle (10) which exhibits a distance to the inside of the container wall (11), whereby the supply of the boiler feed water takes place, the inner space formed by the mantle. 2. Anordning som angitt i krav 1, karakterisert v e d at kjelematevanninngangen (9) er anordnet i området av en rørbunn (3).2. Device as specified in claim 1, characterized in that the boiler feedwater inlet (9) is arranged in the area of a pipe bottom (3). 3. Anordning som angitt i krav 1 eller 2, k arakteri-s e t v e d at det i området av mantelen (10) er tilveiebrakt en tilførsel (15) for omløpende kjelevann for påvirkning av ringrommet (12) mellom beholderveggen (11) og mantelen (10).3. Device as stated in claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that in the area of the mantle (10) a supply (15) is provided for circulating boiler water to influence the annulus (12) between the container wall (11) and the mantle (10) . 4. Anordning som angitt i et av de foregående krav, karakterisert ved at det på mantelen (10) mellom de gassførende rørslanger (5) er anordnet sjikaner (13) for kjelematevannet.4. Device as specified in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that chicanes (13) for the boiler feed water are arranged on the mantle (10) between the gas-carrying pipes (5). 5 . Anordning som angitt i et av de foregående krav, karakterisert ved at mantelen (10) er utformet av et isolerende materiale.5 . Device as stated in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mantle (10) is made of an insulating material. 6. Anordning som angitt i krav 5, karakterisert v e d at mantelen (10) er dannet i sandwichkonstruksjon av et metallisk gitter (10a) mellom to tynne plater (10b), idet mellomrommene i metallgitteret er utfylt med en gassbetong eller lignende.6. Device as stated in claim 5, characterized in that the mantle (10) is formed in a sandwich construction of a metallic grid (10a) between two thin plates (10b), the spaces in the metal grid being filled with aerated concrete or the like.
NO875049A 1986-12-18 1987-12-03 DEVICE FOR HEAT EXCHANGE, SPECIFICALLY BETWEEN SYNTHESIC GAS AND BOILING WATER. NO875049L (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863643303 DE3643303A1 (en) 1986-12-18 1986-12-18 DEVICE FOR HEAT EXCHANGE, ESPECIALLY BETWEEN SYNTHESIS GAS AND BOILER FEED WATER

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
NO875049D0 NO875049D0 (en) 1987-12-03
NO875049L true NO875049L (en) 1988-06-20

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NO875049A NO875049L (en) 1986-12-18 1987-12-03 DEVICE FOR HEAT EXCHANGE, SPECIFICALLY BETWEEN SYNTHESIC GAS AND BOILING WATER.

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EP (1) EP0275387A1 (en)
JP (1) JPS63176993A (en)
CN (1) CN87107323A (en)
AU (1) AU8248987A (en)
DE (1) DE3643303A1 (en)
DK (1) DK612087A (en)
FI (1) FI875433A (en)
NO (1) NO875049L (en)
ZA (1) ZA878460B (en)

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ZA878460B (en) 1988-05-09
AU8248987A (en) 1988-06-23
FI875433A (en) 1988-06-19
DK612087D0 (en) 1987-11-20
NO875049D0 (en) 1987-12-03
EP0275387A1 (en) 1988-07-27
DK612087A (en) 1988-06-19
DE3643303A1 (en) 1988-06-30
CN87107323A (en) 1988-06-29
JPS63176993A (en) 1988-07-21
FI875433A0 (en) 1987-12-10

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