NO822573L - PAPER MAKING PROCEDURE - Google Patents
PAPER MAKING PROCEDUREInfo
- Publication number
- NO822573L NO822573L NO822573A NO822573A NO822573L NO 822573 L NO822573 L NO 822573L NO 822573 A NO822573 A NO 822573A NO 822573 A NO822573 A NO 822573A NO 822573 L NO822573 L NO 822573L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- polymer
- formaldehyde
- anionic
- cellulose fibers
- cationic
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920003180 amino resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920006318 anionic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 alkali metal salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium ion Chemical compound [K+] NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- GKQPCPXONLDCMU-CCEZHUSRSA-N lacidipine Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=C(C)NC(C)=C(C(=O)OCC)C1C1=CC=CC=C1\C=C\C(=O)OC(C)(C)C GKQPCPXONLDCMU-CCEZHUSRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002892 organic cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium disulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004296 sodium metabisulphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010262 sodium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
- D21H23/76—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by choice of auxiliary compounds which are added separately from at least one other compound, e.g. to improve the incorporation of the latter or to obtain an enhanced combined effect
- D21H23/765—Addition of all compounds to the pulp
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/46—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/47—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
- D21H17/49—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with compounds containing hydrogen bound to nitrogen
- D21H17/51—Triazines, e.g. melamine
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/46—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/54—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen
- D21H17/55—Polyamides; Polyaminoamides; Polyester-amides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Making Paper Articles (AREA)
- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
Description
Denne oppfinnelse angår fremstilling av papir og angår spesielt fremstilling av papir med forbedret tørrstyrke. This invention relates to the manufacture of paper and particularly relates to the manufacture of paper with improved dry strength.
Ved fremstilling av papir blir cellulosefibre avsatt som et lag fra en vandig suspensjon, og laget blir deretter avvannet, konsolidert og tørket. For å forbedre våtstyrken av papirproduktet er det kjent å behandle cellulosefibrene med et melamin-syre-kolloid, som er en sur oppløsning av en aminoplast-harpiks med relativt høyt formaldehydinnhold, og denne behandling gir også en god forbedring av tørrstyrken. Anvendelse av en slik harpiks som vanligvis praktisert fører imidlertid til en konsentrasjon av fritt formaldehyd i arbeidsatmosfæren som må anses å være uakseptabelt høy. In the manufacture of paper, cellulose fibers are deposited as a layer from an aqueous suspension, and the layer is then dewatered, consolidated and dried. In order to improve the wet strength of the paper product, it is known to treat the cellulose fibers with a melamine acid colloid, which is an acidic solution of an aminoplast resin with a relatively high formaldehyde content, and this treatment also provides a good improvement in dry strength. However, the use of such a resin as usually practiced leads to a concentration of free formaldehyde in the working atmosphere which must be considered unacceptably high.
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse tilveiebringer en fremgangsmåte som kan anvendes for fremstilling av papir med. betydelig forbedret tørrstyrke uten å medføre et uakseptabelt innhold av fritt formaldehyd i arbeidsatmosfæren. The present invention provides a method which can be used for the production of paper with. significantly improved dry strength without causing an unacceptable content of free formaldehyde in the working atmosphere.
I henhold til oppfinnelsen tilveiebringes en fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av papir ved at cellulosefibre avsettes som et lag fra en vandig suspensjon, og laget av cellulosefibre avvannes, ved hvilken fremgangsmåte man for å forbedre tørrstyrken av papirproduktet behandler cellulosefibrene suksessivt med en kationisk polymer som ikke er avledet fra formaldehyd, og en anionisk polymer som er en aminoplast-harpiks hvis gjentatte enheter er anioniske. According to the invention, a method for producing paper is provided in which cellulose fibers are deposited as a layer from an aqueous suspension, and the layer of cellulose fibers is dewatered, in which method, in order to improve the dry strength of the paper product, the cellulose fibers are successively treated with a cationic polymer that is not derived from formaldehyde, and an anionic polymer which is an aminoplast resin whose repeating units are anionic.
Denne egenskap ved den gjentatte enhet at den er "anionisk" kommer av at enheten inneholder en sur gruppe i saltform, eksempelvis -O.S02- eller -SO3-. (Saltets kation er ikke av større betydning, forutsatt at det ikke er til hinder for at saltet lett oppløses eller dispergeres i vann. Det er derfor hensiktsmessig et alkalimetall-ion, for eksempel natrium-eller kalium-ion, eller et organisk kation, eksempelvis NfCH^)^ , som er lite sammenlignet med den gjentatte enhet.) This characteristic of the repeated unit that it is "anionic" comes from the unit containing an acidic group in salt form, for example -O.S02- or -SO3-. (The cation of the salt is not of major importance, provided that it does not prevent the salt from being easily dissolved or dispersed in water. It is therefore appropriate to have an alkali metal ion, for example sodium or potassium ion, or an organic cation, for example NfCH^)^ , which is small compared to the repeating unit.)
Behandlingen av cellulosefibrene utføres fortrinnsvis ved at man suksessivt tilsetter den kationiske ikke-formaldehyd-polymer og den anioniske polymer til den vandige suspensjon fra hvilken cellulosefibrene avsettes.Polymerene oppløses eller dispergeres i den vandige suspensjon og blir suksessivt avsatt på fibrene. The treatment of the cellulose fibers is preferably carried out by successively adding the cationic non-formaldehyde polymer and the anionic polymer to the aqueous suspension from which the cellulose fibers are deposited. The polymers are dissolved or dispersed in the aqueous suspension and are successively deposited on the fibers.
Uansett hvilken behandlingsprosess som anvendes, må den kationiske polymer gis tilstrékkelig tid etter tilsetningen (vanligvis er minst 0,5 minutt ønskelig) til å bli praktisk talt fullstendig adsorbert av de cellulosefibre som den er brakt i kontakt med. For tidlig tilsetning av den anioniske aminoplast-harpiks vil tillate denne å reagere med det bety-delige innhold av kationisk polymer som fremdeles foreligger i det omgivende vandige medium, og således bevirke dannelse av et.nøytralt vanhuoppløselig polymert kompleks, hvis utfel-ling på de cellulosefibre som behandles, ikke resulterer i utvikling av tørrstyrke hos det papir som skal dannes av disse fibre Regardless of the treatment process used, the cationic polymer must be allowed sufficient time after addition (usually at least 0.5 minutes is desirable) to be practically completely adsorbed by the cellulosic fibers with which it is contacted. Premature addition of the anionic aminoplast resin will allow this to react with the significant content of cationic polymer still present in the surrounding aqueous medium, and thus cause the formation of a neutral insoluble polymeric complex, the precipitation of which on the cellulose fibers which are treated do not result in the development of dry strength in the paper to be formed from these fibres
Den anioniske aminoplast-harpiks er fortrinnsvis en harpiks fremstilt ved kondensasjon av (A) mélamin, (B) formaldehyd og (C) et alkalimetallsalt av svovelsyrling. Slike harpikser er i britisk patent 751501 angitt å være egnet for inkorporering i borevæsker for boring av dype brønner. Formaldehydet som anvendes ved kondensasjonen,'anvendes fortrinnsvis i en mengde på 1,75-4 mol pr. mol melamin. The anionic aminoplast resin is preferably a resin prepared by condensation of (A) melamine, (B) formaldehyde and (C) an alkali metal salt of sulfuric acid. Such resins are indicated in British patent 751501 to be suitable for incorporation into drilling fluids for drilling deep wells. The formaldehyde used in the condensation is preferably used in an amount of 1.75-4 mol per moles of melamine.
Den anioniske aminoplast-harpiks anvendesthensiktsmessig i en mengde som utgjør 0,1-5 vekt% av cellulosefibrene. The anionic aminoplast resin is suitably used in an amount which constitutes 0.1-5% by weight of the cellulose fibres.
Den kationiske ikke-formaldehyd-polymer som anvendes The cationic non-formaldehyde polymer used
ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen, er fortrinnsvis en polymer hvis gjentatte enhet er kationisk som følge av at enheten inneholder en aminogruppe i saltform bundet til alifa-tiske karbonatomer. Polymeren er fortrinnsvis et polyamid, hensiktsmessig ett av den type som er beskrevet i britisk patent 865727, d.v.s. et polyamid fremstilt ved kondensasjon av en mettet alifatisk tobasisk syre med 3-10 karbonatomer (eksempelvis malonsyre, ravsyre, adipinsyre, azelainsyre) og et polyalkylen-polyamin inneholdende 2-8 alkylengrupper (eksempelvis dietylentriamin, trietylentetramin, tetraetylen-pentamin, dipropylentriamin), med påfølgende omsetning av kondensatet med epiklorhydrin. Slike kationiske polymerer anvendes konvensjonelt for å gi papir våtstyrke. in the method according to the invention, is preferably a polymer whose repeating unit is cationic as a result of the unit containing an amino group in salt form bound to aliphatic carbon atoms. The polymer is preferably a polyamide, suitably one of the type described in British patent 865727, i.e. a polyamide produced by condensation of a saturated aliphatic dibasic acid with 3-10 carbon atoms (for example malonic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid) and a polyalkylene polyamine containing 2-8 alkylene groups (for example diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, dipropylenetriamine), with subsequent reaction of the condensate with epichlorohydrin. Such cationic polymers are conventionally used to give paper wet strength.
Ved utførelse av oppfinnelsen anvendes den kationiske polymer hensiktsmessig i en mengde som utgjør 0,1-5 vekt% When carrying out the invention, the cationic polymer is suitably used in an amount of 0.1-5% by weight
av cellulosefibrene. of the cellulose fibers.
Det følgende eksempel vil ytterligere belyse oppfinnelsen. The following example will further illustrate the invention.
Eksempel Example
Bleket sul f ittcellulosemasse (Modocrpwn).ble malt til en frihet på 32° Schopper-Riegler og deretter fortynnet Bleached sulphide cellulose pulp (Modocrpwn) was ground to a freedom of 32° Schopper-Riegler and then diluted
til en cellulosefiber-konsentrasjon på 1,5 vekt%. to a cellulose fiber concentration of 1.5% by weight.
Denne vandige suspensjon av cellulosefibre ble deretter innstilt på pH 6 med fortynnet svovelsyre, og kationisk polymer og anionisk polymer ble suksessivt tilsatt under omrøring, idet hver polymer ble anvendt oppløst i vann og ble tilsatt i en mengde på 2 vekt% (harpiks-faststoffer) av cellulose-fiberinnholdet i suspensjonen. This aqueous suspension of cellulose fibers was then adjusted to pH 6 with dilute sulfuric acid, and cationic polymer and anionic polymer were successively added with stirring, each polymer being used dissolved in water and added in an amount of 2% by weight (resin solids). of the cellulose fiber content of the suspension.
Den kationiske polymer var et polyamid-kondensat fremstilt av dietylentriamin (2,1 mol), adipinsyre (2 mol) og epiklorhydrin (2,5 mol), idet man generelt sett fulgte fremgangsmåten i Eksempel 1 i britisk patent 86 5727, og inneholdende en.gjentatt enhet som overveiende var The cationic polymer was a polyamide condensate prepared from diethylenetriamine (2.1 mol), adipic acid (2 mol) and epichlorohydrin (2.5 mol), generally following the procedure in Example 1 of British Patent 86 5727, and containing a .repeated unit which was predominantly
Den anioniske aminoplast-harpiks var et kondensat fremstilt av melamin (1 mol), formaldehyd (3 mol) og natrium-metabisulfitt (tilstrekkelig til å gi 1 mol av sulfittradi-kalet, SO^ 2-), idet man generelt sett fulgte fremgangsmåten i Eksempel 1 i britisk patent 751501, og inneholdende en gjentatt enhet som overveiende var The anionic aminoplast resin was a condensate prepared from melamine (1 mol), formaldehyde (3 mol) and sodium metabisulphite (sufficient to give 1 mol of the sulphite radical, SO^ 2- ), generally following the procedure in Example 1 in British patent 751501, and containing a repeating unit which was predominantly
Det gikk to minutter mellom tilsetningen av den kat- - ioniske polymer og tilsetningen av den anioniske aminoplast-harpiks . Two minutes elapsed between the addition of the cationic polymer and the addition of the anionic aminoplast resin.
Etter tilsetningen av den anioniske polymer ble den vandige suspensjon hensatt i 1/2 time og deretter fortynnet til en cellulosefiberkonsentrasjon på.0,3 vekt%. ' Denne fortyn-nede suspensjon ble så anvendt for fremstilling av prøveark med en flatevekt på 60 g/m 2under anvendelse av et fullstendig konvensjonelt apparat (Papermakers Association Standard Apparatus for Pulp Evaluation), og prøvearkene ble lufttør-ket og deretter oppvarmet ved 127°C i 10 minutter, for fullstendig utvikling av tørrstyrken. After the addition of the anionic polymer, the aqueous suspension was allowed to stand for 1/2 hour and then diluted to a cellulose fiber concentration of 0.3% by weight. This diluted suspension was then used to produce sample sheets with a basis weight of 60 g/m 2 using a fully conventional apparatus (Papermakers Association Standard Apparatus for Pulp Evaluation), and the sample sheets were air-dried and then heated at 127° C for 10 minutes, for full development of dry strength.
For sammenligningsformål ble fremgangsmåten gjentatt: For comparison purposes, the procedure was repeated:
(i) Uten anvendelse av polymerer (i) Without the use of polymers
(ii) Anvendelse av, istedenfor den suksessive anvendelse av kationisk polymer og anionisk polymer, et melamin-formaldehyd-syre-kolloid av den art som konvensjonelt anvendes for4oppnåelse av våtstyrke og tørrstyrke, hvis anvendelse er forbundet med et høyt innhold av formaldehyd (5-10 deler pr. million på volumbasis) i arbeidsatmosfæren. (ii) Use of, instead of the successive use of cationic polymer and anionic polymer, a melamine-formaldehyde-acid colloid of the type conventionally used to achieve wet strength and dry strength, the use of which is associated with a high content of formaldehyde (5- 10 parts per million by volume) in the working atmosphere.
De forskjellige prøvearkenes slitlengde ble så målt. The wear length of the different sample sheets was then measured.
Resultatene var: The results were:
Ved anvendelse av kationisk/anionisk-fremgangsmåten i en papirfabrikk har.vi funnet at den atmosfæriske konsentra-, sjon av formaldehyd i nærheten av fabrikkens tørkeseksjon ikke er høyere enn ca. 0,5 del pr. million på volumbasis. When applying the cationic/anionic method in a paper factory, we have found that the atmospheric concentration of formaldehyde in the vicinity of the factory's drying section is no higher than approx. 0.5 part per million on a volume basis.
Claims (9)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8123144 | 1981-07-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO822573L true NO822573L (en) | 1983-01-31 |
Family
ID=10523537
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO822573A NO822573L (en) | 1981-07-28 | 1982-07-27 | PAPER MAKING PROCEDURE |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0071392A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5823997A (en) |
| FI (1) | FI822624L (en) |
| NO (1) | NO822573L (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA825294B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4859527A (en) * | 1986-05-29 | 1989-08-22 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Cellulosic nonwoven products of enhanced water and/or solvent resistance by pretreatment of the cellulosic fibers |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1270943B (en) * | 1964-01-15 | 1968-06-20 | Eastman Kodak Co | Process for the production of wet-strength, formaldehyde-free papers |
| US3448005A (en) * | 1965-01-04 | 1969-06-03 | Weyerhaeuser Co | Process of forming wet strength paper containing a cationic resin and fumarated unsaturated oil |
| US3704006A (en) * | 1971-01-25 | 1972-11-28 | Kenics Corp | Dispersion producing method |
| DE2745709A1 (en) * | 1976-10-14 | 1978-04-20 | British Industrial Plastics | BONDED FIBROUS MATERIAL |
-
1982
- 1982-07-21 EP EP82303814A patent/EP0071392A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1982-07-23 ZA ZA825294A patent/ZA825294B/en unknown
- 1982-07-27 FI FI822624A patent/FI822624L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1982-07-27 JP JP57131080A patent/JPS5823997A/en active Pending
- 1982-07-27 NO NO822573A patent/NO822573L/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ZA825294B (en) | 1983-05-25 |
| EP0071392A1 (en) | 1983-02-09 |
| JPS5823997A (en) | 1983-02-12 |
| FI822624A0 (en) | 1982-07-27 |
| FI822624L (en) | 1983-01-29 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US2595935A (en) | Wet strength paper and process for the production thereof | |
| US2407376A (en) | Colloidally dispersed dimethylol urea resins | |
| US5447604A (en) | Silica sols, a process for the production of silica sols and use of the sols | |
| US4964954A (en) | Process for the production of paper | |
| US2721140A (en) | Paper of high wet strength and process therefor | |
| KR960002733B1 (en) | Production of paper and paper board | |
| US2872313A (en) | Pulping of paper broke containing wet-strength resins | |
| US7608644B2 (en) | Aqueous silica-containing composition | |
| EP0310959B1 (en) | Process for producing a neutral paper | |
| KR19990067199A (en) | Paper manufacturing method | |
| US2582840A (en) | Sizing fibrous materials with modified urea-formaldehyde resin | |
| EP0822949B1 (en) | Reaction product of sulfonated amino resin and amino group-containing substance and papermaking process | |
| US2657132A (en) | Manufacturing wet strength paper containing cationic urea-formaldehyde resin | |
| US20220074140A1 (en) | Method for treating a fibrous material comprising nanocellulose with an organic acid or organic acid salt | |
| EP1456468B1 (en) | Aqueous silica-containing composition and process for production of paper | |
| NO822573L (en) | PAPER MAKING PROCEDURE | |
| US20050061462A1 (en) | Aqueous silica-containing composition | |
| NZ228206A (en) | Production of paper by forming on a wire mesh a pulp suspension, characterised by the pulp containing cationic silica-based sol and cationic polymeric retention agent | |
| SK287916B6 (en) | The additive for paper making and use | |
| GB2102852A (en) | Paper manufacture | |
| US3269852A (en) | Cellulosic product of improved strength and process therefor | |
| KR20040068318A (en) | Aqueous silica-containing composition and process for production of paper | |
| US2596014A (en) | Preparing wet strength paper using polyarylbiguanide-urea resin | |
| US2559221A (en) | Manufacture of wet strength paper | |
| RU2333304C1 (en) | Glue for cellulose materials processing |